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1. ICARUS at the Fermilab Short-Baseline Neutrino program: initial operation

Author

P. Abratenko, A. Aduszkiewicz, F. Akbar, M. Artero Pons, J. Asaadi, M. Aslin, M. Babicz, W. F. Badgett, L. F. Bagby, B. Baibussinov, B. Behera, V. Bellini, O. Beltramello, R. Benocci, J. Berger, S. Berkman, S. Bertolucci, R. Bertoni, M. Betancourt, M. Bettini, S. Biagi, K. Biery, O. Bitter, M. Bonesini, T. Boone, B. Bottino, A. Braggiotti, D. Brailsford, J. Bremer, S. J. Brice, V. Brio, C. Brizzolari, J. Brown, H. S. Budd, F. Calaon, A. Campani, D. Carber, M. Carneiro, I. Caro Terrazas, H. Carranza, D. Casazza, L. Castellani, A. Castro, S. Centro, G. Cerati, M. Chalifour, P. Chambouvet, A. Chatterjee, D. Cherdack, S. Cherubini, N. Chithirasreemadam, M. Cicerchia, V. Cicero, T. Coan, A. G. Cocco, M. R. Convery, S. Copello, E. Cristaldo, A. A. Dange, I. de Icaza Astiz, A. De Roeck, S. Di Domizio, L. Di Noto, C. Di Stefano, D. Di Ferdinando, M. Diwan, S. Dolan, L. Domine, S. Donati, R. Doubnik, F. Drielsma, J. Dyer, S. Dytman, C. Fabre, F. Fabris, A. Falcone, C. Farnese, A. Fava, H. Ferguson, A. Ferrari, F. Ferraro, N. Gallice, F. G. Garcia, M. Geynisman, M. Giarin, D. Gibin, S. G. Gigli, A. Gioiosa, W. Gu, M. Guerzoni, A. Guglielmi, G. Gurung, S. Hahn, K. Hardin, H. Hausner, A. Heggestuen, C. Hilgenberg, M. Hogan, B. Howard, R. Howell, J. Hrivnak, M. Iliescu, G. Ingratta, C. James, W. Jang, M. Jung, Y.-J. Jwa, L. Kashur, W. Ketchum, J. S. Kim, D.-H. Koh, U. Kose, J. Larkin, G. Laurenti, G. Lukhanin, S. Marchini, C. M. Marshall, S. Martynenko, N. Mauri, A. Mazzacane, K. S. McFarland, D. P. Méndez, A. Menegolli, G. Meng, O. G. Miranda, D. Mladenov, A. Mogan, N. Moggi, E. Montagna, C. Montanari, A. Montanari, M. Mooney, G. Moreno-Granados, J. Mueller, D. Naples, M. Nebot-Guinot, M. Nessi, T. Nichols, M. Nicoletto, B. Norris, S. Palestini, M. Pallavicini, V. Paolone, R. Papaleo, L. Pasqualini, L. Patrizii, R. Peghin, G. Petrillo, C. Petta, V. Pia, F. Pietropaolo, J. Poirot, F. Poppi, M. Pozzato, M. C. Prata, A. Prosser, G. Putnam, X. Qian, G. Rampazzo, A. Rappoldi, G. L. Raselli, R. Rechenmacher, F. Resnati, A. M. Ricci, G. Riccobene, L. Rice, E. Richards, A. Rigamonti, M. Rosenberg, M. Rossella, C. Rubbia, P. Sala, P. Sapienza, G. Savage, A. Scaramelli, A. Scarpelli, D. Schmitz, A. Schukraft, F. Sergiampietri, G. Sirri, J. S. Smedley, A. K. Soha, M. Spanu, L. Stanco, J. Stewart, N. B. Suarez, C. Sutera, H. A. Tanaka, M. Tenti, K. Terao, F. Terranova, V. Togo, D. Torretta, M. Torti, F. Tortorici, N. Tosi, Y.-T. Tsai, S. Tufanli, M. Turcato, T. Usher, F. Varanini, S. Ventura, F. Vercellati, M. Vicenzi, C. Vignoli, B. Viren, D. Warner, Z. Williams, R. J. Wilson, P. Wilson, J. Wolfs, T. Wongjirad, A. Wood, E. Worcester, M. Worcester, M. Wospakrik, H. Yu, J. Yu, A. Zani, P. G. Zatti, J. Zennamo, J. C. Zettlemoyer, C. Zhang, S. Zucchelli, and M. Zuckerbrot

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The ICARUS collaboration employed the 760-ton T600 detector in a successful 3-year physics run at the underground LNGS laboratory, performing a sensitive search for LSND-like anomalous $$\nu _e$$ ν e appearance in the CERN Neutrino to Gran Sasso beam, which contributed to the constraints on the allowed neutrino oscillation parameters to a narrow region around 1 eV $$^2$$ 2 . After a significant overhaul at CERN, the T600 detector has been installed at Fermilab. In 2020 the cryogenic commissioning began with detector cool down, liquid argon filling and recirculation. ICARUS then started its operations collecting the first neutrino events from the booster neutrino beam (BNB) and the Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beam off-axis, which were used to test the ICARUS event selection, reconstruction and analysis algorithms. ICARUS successfully completed its commissioning phase in June 2022. The first goal of the ICARUS data taking will be a study to either confirm or refute the claim by Neutrino-4 short-baseline reactor experiment. ICARUS will also perform measurement of neutrino cross sections with the NuMI beam and several Beyond Standard Model searches. After the first year of operations, ICARUS will search for evidence of sterile neutrinos jointly with the Short-Baseline Near Detector, within the Short-Baseline Neutrino program. In this paper, the main activities carried out during the overhauling and installation phases are highlighted. Preliminary technical results from the ICARUS commissioning data with the BNB and NuMI beams are presented both in terms of performance of all ICARUS subsystems and of capability to select and reconstruct neutrino events.

Published
2023
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2. Overview and status of the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility Far Site cryogenics system

Author

D Montanari, M Adamowski, J Bremer, M Delaney, R Doubnik, J Freitag, K Haaf, T Nichols, A Parchet, and I Young

Subjects
Accelerators and Storage Rings
Abstract

The Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) will host the Far Detector of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), an international multi-kiloton Long-Baseline neutrino experiment that will be installed about one and a half kilometers underground in Lead, SD. Detectors will be located inside four cryostats filled with almost 70,000 metric tons of ultrapure liquid argon, with a level of impurities lower than 100 parts per trillion of oxygen equivalent contamination. The cryogenics infrastructure supporting this experiment is provided by the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF). This contribution presents modes of operation, layout, and main features of the LBNF Far Site cryogenic system, which is composed of three subsystems: Infrastructure, Proximity, and Internal cryogenics. The Infrastructure cryogenics supports the needs of the cryostat and Proximity cryogenics. It includes the equipment to receive the argon in liquid phase, vaporize it and transfer it underground as a gas, the nitrogen system (composed of the refrigeration system, liquid nitrogen buffer tanks and liquid and gaseous nitrogen distribution), liquid and gaseous argon distribution and process controls. The Proximity cryogenics receives fluids from the Infrastructure cryogenics and delivers them to the Internal cryogenics at the required temperature, pressure, purity and mass flow rate. It includes the argon condensers, liquid and gaseous argon purification and regeneration systems, nitrogen and argon phase separators, piping, valves, and instrumentation. The Internal cryogenics comprises the liquid and gaseous argon distribution inside the cryostats for the commissioning, cool down, fill, and steady state operations of the cryostats and detectors. An international engineering team is designing these systems and will manufacture, install, commission, and qualify them. This contribution describes the main features, performance, functional requirements, and modes of operation of the LBNF Far Site cryogenics system. It also presents the status of the design, along with present and future needs to support the DUNE experiment.

Published
2022

4. ICARUS: new voyage to sterile neutrino search in the Short Baseline Program

Author

B. Gomez Cortes, T. E. Coan, M. Torti, K. Biery, L. C. J. Rice, T. Nichols, R. Benocci, G. Riccobene, J. Brown, M. Geynisman, A. Guglielmi, J. Dyer, Sandro Palestini, A. Braggiotti, K. S. McFarlan, G. Sirri, Paola Sala, D. Naples, D. Cherdack, H. Carranza, A. Castro, S. Hahn, R. Doubnik, J. Hrivnak, A. Prosser, V. Pia, A. Scaramelli, Angela Fava, F. Poppi, S. Berkman, J. Smedley, Christopher L. Marshall, G. Meng, L. Bagby, L. Di Noto, L. Stanco, G. Lukhanin, Utku Kose, S. Centro, H. W. Yu, A. Soha, J. Larkin, N. Mauri, F. Drielsma, Alessandro Menegolli, Y. T. Tsai, H. Tanaka, T. Wongjirad, J. Wolfs, D. Torretta, Xiaohui Qian, S. Copello, Paul Wilson, J. Bremer, A. Heggestuen, T. Boone, D. Gibin, D.W. Schmitz, V. Paolone, Antoni Aduszkiewicz, F. Terranova, M. Rossella, W. Jang, David Warner, F. Sergiampietri, A. Ferrari, M. Guerzoni, Margaret M. Mooney, G. Laurenti, James Stewart, C. Vignoli, R. Howell, Claudia Brizzolari, S. Bertolucci, J. Asaadi, Christian Farnese, B. R. Behera, A. Mazzacane, D. Casazza, Graham Savage, C. Hilgenberg, A. De Roeck, S. Ventura, Riccardo Papaleo, P. Abratenko, D. H. Koh, M. Tenti, J. Zettlemoyer, Atrouli Chatterjee, R. Rechenmacher, A. Rigamonti, S. J. Brice, E. T. Worcester, G.L. Raselli, L. Pasqualini, M. F. Carneiro, A. Scarpelli, L. Patrizii, C. Petta, W. Gu, B. Bottino, S. Cherubini, M. Babicz, C. Fabre, A. Rappoldi, M. Zuckerbrot, M. Chalifour, Giuseppe Benedetto Cerati, B. Howard, O. G. Miranda, D. P. Méndez, C. Rubbia, A. D. Falcone, F. Varanini, A. G. Cocco, V. Fabbri, M. Spanu, W. Badgett, Marzio Nessi, James Mueller, Andrea Zani, Serhan Tufanli, N. Gallice, H. Su, M. Betancourt, W. Ketchum, C. W. James, Chao Zhang, S. Martynenko, F. Garcia, R. J. Wilson, F. Ferraro, C. Di Stefano, M. Vincenzi, Gianluca Petrillo, Maurizio Bonesini, C. M. Sutera, Olga Beltramello, S.F. Biagi, Umut Kose, N. Moggi, Jong-Sung Yu, H. S. Budd, Dimitar Mladenov, Laura Dominé, A. Wood, Joram Berger, V. Bellini, F. Pietropaolo, J. Zennamo, B. Viren, Marco Pallavicini, M. J. F. Rosenberg, G. Putnam, Paolo Sapienza, Z. Williams, T. L. Usher, Stefano Zucchelli, M. Pozzato, Francesco Tortorici, S. A. Dytman, M. V. Diwan, M. Worcester, C. Montanari, Alessandro Montanari, M. Wospakrik, A. Schukraft, S. Dolan, G. Moreno Granados, Filippo Resnati, F. Akbar, Kazuhiro Terao, N. B. Suarez, M. R. Convery, Kose, U, Abratenko, P, Aduszkiewicz, A, Akbar, F, Asaadi, J, Babicz, M, Badgett, W, Bagby, L, Behera, B, Bellini, V, Beltramello, O, Benocci, R, Berger, J, Berkman, S, Bertolucci, S, Betancourt, M, Biagi, S, Biery, K, Bonesini, M, Boone, T, Bottino, B, Braggiotti, A, Bremer, J, Brice, S, Brizzolari, C, Brown, J, Budd, H, Carneiro, M, Carranza, H, Casazza, D, Castro, A, Centro, S, Cerati, G, Chalifour, M, Chatterjee, A, Cherdack, D, Cherubini, S, Coan, T, Cocco, A, Convery, M, Copello, S, De Roeck, A, Di Noto, L, Di Stefano, C, Diwan, M, Dolan, S, Domine, L, Doubnik, R, Drielsma, F, Dyer, J, Dytman, S, Fabbri, V, Fabre, C, Falcone, A, Farnese, C, Fava, A, Ferrari, A, Ferraro, F, Gallice, N, Garcia, F, Geynisman, M, Gibin, D, Gomez Cortes, B, Gu, W, Guerzoni, M, Guglielmi, A, Hahn, S, Heggestuen, A, Hilgenberg, C, Howard, B, Howell, R, Hrivnak, J, James, C, Jang, W, Ketchum, W, Koh, D, Larkin, J, Laurenti, G, Lukhanin, G, Marshall, C, Martynenko, S, Mauri, N, Mazzacane, A, Mcfarlan, K, Mendez, D, Menegolli, A, Meng, G, Miranda, O, Mladenov, D, Moggi, N, Montanari, C, Montanari, A, Mooney, M, Moreno Granados, G, Mueller, J, Naples, D, Nessi, M, Nichols, T, Palestini, S, Pallavicini, M, Paolone, V, Papaleo, R, Pasqualini, L, Patrizii, L, Petrillo, G, Petta, C, Pia, V, Pietropaolo, F, Poppi, F, Pozzato, M, Prosser, A, Putnam, G, Qian, X, Rappoldi, A, Raselli, G, Rechenmacher, R, Resnati, F, Riccobene, G, Rice, L, Rigamonti, A, Rosenberg, M, Rossella, M, Rubbia, C, Sala, P, Sapienza, P, Savage, G, Scaramelli, A, Scarpelli, A, Schmitz, D, Schukraft, A, Sergiampietri, F, Sirri, G, Smedley, J, Soha, A, Spanu, M, Stanco, L, Stewart, J, Su, H, Suarez, N, Sutera, C, Tanaka, H, Tenti, M, Terao, K, Terranova, F, Torretta, D, Torti, M, Tortorici, F, Tsai, Y, Tufanli, S, Usher, T, Varanini, F, Ventura, S, Vignoli, C, Vincenzi, M, Viren, B, Warner, D, Williams, Z, Wilson, R, Wilson, P, Wolfs, J, Wongjirad, T, Wood, A, Worcester, E, Worcester, M, Wospakrik, M, Yu, H, Yu, J, Zani, A, Zennamo, J, Zettlemoyer, J, Zhang, C, Zucchelli, S, and Zuckerbrot, M

Subjects
ICARUS, Sterile neutrino, Astronomy, Environmental science, Baseline (configuration management), Neutrino, LAr-TPC
Abstract

The ICARUS collaboration operated the 760-ton T600 detector in a successful three-year physics run at the underground LNGS laboratories studying neutrino oscillations with the CNGS neutrino beam from CERN, and searching for atmospheric neutrino interactions. ICARUS performed a sensitive search for LSND-like anomalous νe appearance in the CNGS beam, which contributed to the constraints on the allowed parameters to a narrow region around Δm2=1 eV2, where all the experimental results can be coherently accommodated at 90% C.L. After a significant overhaul at CERN, the T600 detector has been installed at Fermilab. In 2020 cryogenic commissioning began with detector cool down, liquid Argon filling and recirculation. ICARUS has started operations and is presently in its commissioning phase with the aim of collecting its first neutrino events from the Booster Neutrino Beam and the NuMI off-axis beam. The main goal of the first year of ICARUS data taking will then be the definitive verification of the recent claim by NEUTRINO-4 short baseline reactor experiment both in the νμ channel with the BNB and in the νe with NuMI. After the first year of operations, ICARUS will commence its search for evidence of a sterile neutrino jointly with the SBND near detector, within the Short Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program. The ICARUS exposure to the NuMI beam will also give the possibility for other physics studies such as light dark matter searches and neutrino-Argon cross section measurements. The proposed contribution addresses ICARUS achievements, its status and plans for the new run at Fermilab and the ongoing developments of the analysis tools needed to fulfill its physics program.

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