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1. GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs

Author

B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, G. Allen, A. Allocca, M. A. Aloy, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, S. V. Angelova, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, M. C. Araya, J. S. Areeda, M. Arène, N. Arnaud, K. G. Arun, S. Ascenzi, G. Ashton, S. M. Aston, P. Astone, F. Aubin, P. Aufmuth, K. AultONeal, C. Austin, V. Avendano, A. Avila-Alvarez, S. Babak, P. Bacon, F. Badaracco, M. K. M. Bader, S. Bae, P. T. Baker, F. Baldaccini, G. Ballardin, S. W. Ballmer, S. Banagiri, J. C. Barayoga, S. E. Barclay, B. C. Barish, D. Barker, K. Barkett, S. Barnum, F. Barone, B. Barr, L. Barsotti, M. Barsuglia, D. Barta, J. Bartlett, I. Bartos, R. Bassiri, A. Basti, M. Bawaj, J. C. Bayley, M. Bazzan, B. Bécsy, M. Bejger, I. Belahcene, A. S. Bell, D. Beniwal, B. K. Berger, G. Bergmann, S. Bernuzzi, J. J. Bero, C. P. L. Berry, D. Bersanetti, A. Bertolini, J. Betzwieser, R. Bhandare, J. Bidler, I. A. Bilenko, S. A. Bilgili, G. Billingsley, J. Birch, I. A. Birney, O. Birnholtz, S. Biscans, S. Biscoveanu, A. Bisht, M. Bitossi, M. A. Bizouard, J. K. Blackburn, J. Blackman, C. D. Blair, D. G. Blair, R. M. Blair, S. Bloemen, N. Bode, M. Boer, Y. Boetzel, G. Bogaert, F. Bondu, E. Bonilla, R. Bonnand, P. Booker, B. A. Boom, C. D. Booth, R. Bork, V. Boschi, S. Bose, K. Bossie, V. Bossilkov, J. Bosveld, Y. Bouffanais, A. Bozzi, C. Bradaschia, P. R. Brady, A. Bramley, M. Branchesi, J. E. Brau, T. Briant, J. H. Briggs, F. Brighenti, A. Brillet, M. Brinkmann, V. Brisson, P. Brockill, A. F. Brooks, D. D. Brown, S. Brunett, A. Buikema, T. Bulik, H. J. Bulten, A. Buonanno, D. Buskulic, M. J. Bustamante Rosell, C. Buy, R. L. Byer, M. Cabero, L. Cadonati, G. Cagnoli, C. Cahillane, J. Calderón Bustillo, T. A. Callister, E. Calloni, J. B. Camp, W. A. Campbell, M. Canepa, K. C. Cannon, H. Cao, J. Cao, E. Capocasa, F. Carbognani, S. Caride, M. F. Carney, G. Carullo, J. Casanueva Diaz, C. Casentini, S. Caudill, M. Cavaglià, F. Cavalier, R. Cavalieri, G. Cella, P. Cerdá-Durán, G. Cerretani, E. Cesarini, O. Chaibi, K. Chakravarti, S. J. Chamberlin, M. Chan, S. Chao, P. Charlton, E. A. Chase, E. Chassande-Mottin, D. Chatterjee, M. Chaturvedi, K. Chatziioannou, B. D. Cheeseboro, H. Y. Chen, X. Chen, Y. Chen, H.-P. Cheng, C. K. Cheong, H. Y. Chia, A. Chincarini, A. Chiummo, G. Cho, H. S. Cho, M. Cho, N. Christensen, Q. Chu, S. Chua, K. W. Chung, S. Chung, G. Ciani, A. A. Ciobanu, R. Ciolfi, F. Cipriano, A. Cirone, F. Clara, J. A. Clark, P. Clearwater, F. Cleva, C. Cocchieri, E. Coccia, P.-F. Cohadon, D. Cohen, R. Colgan, M. Colleoni, C. G. Collette, C. Collins, L. R. Cominsky, M. Constancio, Jr., L. Conti, S. J. Cooper, P. Corban, T. R. Corbitt, I. Cordero-Carrión, K. R. Corley, N. Cornish, A. Corsi, S. Cortese, C. A. Costa, R. Cotesta, M. W. Coughlin, S. B. Coughlin, J.-P. Coulon, S. T. Countryman, P. Couvares, P. B. Covas, E. E. Cowan, D. M. Coward, M. J. Cowart, D. C. Coyne, R. Coyne, J. D. E. Creighton, T. D. Creighton, J. Cripe, M. Croquette, S. G. Crowder, T. J. Cullen, A. Cumming, L. Cunningham, E. Cuoco, T. Dal Canton, G. Dálya, S. L. Danilishin, S. D’Antonio, K. Danzmann, A. Dasgupta, C. F. Da Silva Costa, L. E. H. Datrier, V. Dattilo, I. Dave, M. Davier, D. Davis, E. J. Daw, D. DeBra, M. Deenadayalan, J. Degallaix, M. De Laurentis, S. Deléglise, W. Del Pozzo, L. M. DeMarchi, N. Demos, T. Dent, R. De Pietri, J. Derby, R. De Rosa, C. De Rossi, R. DeSalvo, O. de Varona, S. Dhurandhar, M. C. Díaz, T. Dietrich, L. Di Fiore, M. Di Giovanni, T. Di Girolamo, A. Di Lieto, B. Ding, S. Di Pace, I. Di Palma, F. Di Renzo, A. Dmitriev, Z. Doctor, F. Donovan, K. L. Dooley, S. Doravari, I. Dorrington, T. P. Downes, M. Drago, J. C. Driggers, Z. Du, J.-G. Ducoin, P. Dupej, S. E. Dwyer, P. J. Easter, T. B. Edo, M. C. Edwards, A. Effler, P. Ehrens, J. Eichholz, S. S. Eikenberry, M. Eisenmann, R. A. Eisenstein, R. C. Essick, H. Estelles, D. Estevez, Z. B. Etienne, T. Etzel, M. Evans, T. M. Evans, V. Fafone, H. Fair, S. Fairhurst, X. Fan, S. Farinon, B. Farr, W. M. Farr, E. J. Fauchon-Jones, M. Favata, M. Fays, M. Fazio, C. Fee, J. Feicht, M. M. Fejer, F. Feng, A. Fernandez-Galiana, I. Ferrante, E. C. Ferreira, T. A. Ferreira, F. Ferrini, F. Fidecaro, I. Fiori, D. Fiorucci, M. Fishbach, R. P. Fisher, J. M. Fishner, M. Fitz-Axen, R. Flaminio, M. Fletcher, E. Flynn, H. Fong, J. A. Font, P. W. F. Forsyth, J.-D. Fournier, S. Frasca, F. Frasconi, Z. Frei, A. Freise, R. Frey, V. Frey, P. Fritschel, V. V. Frolov, P. Fulda, M. Fyffe, H. A. Gabbard, B. U. Gadre, S. M. Gaebel, J. R. Gair, L. Gammaitoni, M. R. Ganija, S. G. Gaonkar, A. Garcia, C. García-Quirós, F. Garufi, B. Gateley, S. Gaudio, G. Gaur, V. Gayathri, G. Gemme, E. Genin, A. Gennai, D. George, J. George, L. Gergely, V. Germain, S. Ghonge, Abhirup Ghosh, Archisman Ghosh, S. Ghosh, B. Giacomazzo, J. A. Giaime, K. D. Giardina, A. Giazotto, K. Gill, G. Giordano, L. Glover, P. Godwin, E. Goetz, R. Goetz, B. Goncharov, G. González, J. M. Gonzalez Castro, A. Gopakumar, M. L. Gorodetsky, S. E. Gossan, M. Gosselin, R. Gouaty, A. Grado, C. Graef, M. Granata, A. Grant, S. Gras, P. Grassia, C. Gray, R. Gray, G. Greco, A. C. Green, R. Green, E. M. Gretarsson, P. Groot, H. Grote, S. Grunewald, P. Gruning, G. M. Guidi, H. K. Gulati, Y. Guo, A. Gupta, M. K. Gupta, E. K. Gustafson, R. Gustafson, L. Haegel, O. Halim, B. R. Hall, E. D. Hall, E. Z. Hamilton, G. Hammond, M. Haney, M. M. Hanke, J. Hanks, C. Hanna, M. D. Hannam, O. A. Hannuksela, J. Hanson, T. Hardwick, K. Haris, J. Harms, G. M. Harry, I. W. Harry, C.-J. Haster, K. Haughian, F. J. Hayes, J. Healy, A. Heidmann, M. C. Heintze, H. Heitmann, P. Hello, G. Hemming, M. Hendry, I. S. Heng, J. Hennig, A. W. Heptonstall, Francisco Hernandez Vivanco, M. Heurs, S. Hild, T. Hinderer, D. Hoak, S. Hochheim, D. Hofman, A. M. Holgado, N. A. Holland, K. Holt, D. E. Holz, P. Hopkins, C. Horst, J. Hough, E. J. Howell, C. G. Hoy, A. Hreibi, Y. Huang, E. A. Huerta, D. Huet, B. Hughey, M. Hulko, S. Husa, S. H. Huttner, T. Huynh-Dinh, B. Idzkowski, A. Iess, C. Ingram, R. Inta, G. Intini, B. Irwin, H. N. Isa, J.-M. Isac, M. Isi, B. R. Iyer, K. Izumi, T. Jacqmin, S. J. Jadhav, K. Jani, N. N. Janthalur, P. Jaranowski, A. C. Jenkins, J. Jiang, D. S. Johnson, N. K. Johnson-McDaniel, A. W. Jones, D. I. Jones, R. Jones, R. J. G. Jonker, L. Ju, J. Junker, C. V. Kalaghatgi, V. Kalogera, B. Kamai, S. Kandhasamy, G. Kang, J. B. Kanner, S. J. Kapadia, S. Karki, K. S. Karvinen, R. Kashyap, M. Kasprzack, S. Katsanevas, E. Katsavounidis, W. Katzman, S. Kaufer, K. Kawabe, N. V. Keerthana, F. Kéfélian, D. Keitel, R. Kennedy, J. S. Key, F. Y. Khalili, H. Khan, I. Khan, S. Khan, Z. Khan, E. A. Khazanov, M. Khursheed, N. Kijbunchoo, Chunglee Kim, J. C. Kim, K. Kim, W. Kim, W. S. Kim, Y.-M. Kim, C. Kimball, E. J. King, P. J. King, M. Kinley-Hanlon, R. Kirchhoff, J. S. Kissel, L. Kleybolte, J. H. Klika, S. Klimenko, T. D. Knowles, P. Koch, S. M. Koehlenbeck, G. Koekoek, S. Koley, V. Kondrashov, A. Kontos, N. Koper, M. Korobko, W. Z. Korth, I. Kowalska, D. B. Kozak, V. Kringel, N. Krishnendu, A. Królak, G. Kuehn, A. Kumar, P. Kumar, R. Kumar, S. Kumar, L. Kuo, A. Kutynia, S. Kwang, B. D. Lackey, K. H. Lai, T. L. Lam, M. Landry, B. B. Lane, R. N. Lang, J. Lange, B. Lantz, R. K. Lanza, A. Lartaux-Vollard, P. D. Lasky, M. Laxen, A. Lazzarini, C. Lazzaro, P. Leaci, S. Leavey, Y. K. Lecoeuche, C. H. Lee, H. K. Lee, H. M. Lee, H. W. Lee, J. Lee, K. Lee, J. Lehmann, A. Lenon, N. Leroy, N. Letendre, Y. Levin, J. Li, K. J. L. Li, T. G. F. Li, X. Li, F. Lin, F. Linde, S. D. Linker, T. B. Littenberg, J. Liu, X. Liu, R. K. L. Lo, N. A. Lockerbie, L. T. London, A. Longo, M. Lorenzini, V. Loriette, M. Lormand, G. Losurdo, J. D. Lough, C. O. Lousto, G. Lovelace, M. E. Lower, H. Lück, D. Lumaca, A. P. Lundgren, R. Lynch, Y. Ma, R. Macas, S. Macfoy, M. MacInnis, D. M. Macleod, A. Macquet, F. Magaña-Sandoval, L. Magaña Zertuche, R. M. Magee, E. Majorana, I. Maksimovic, A. Malik, N. Man, V. Mandic, V. Mangano, G. L. Mansell, M. Manske, M. Mantovani, F. Marchesoni, F. Marion, S. Márka, Z. Márka, C. Markakis, A. S. Markosyan, A. Markowitz, E. Maros, A. Marquina, S. Marsat, F. Martelli, I. W. Martin, R. M. Martin, D. V. Martynov, K. Mason, E. Massera, A. Masserot, T. J. Massinger, M. Masso-Reid, S. Mastrogiovanni, A. Matas, F. Matichard, L. Matone, N. Mavalvala, N. Mazumder, J. J. McCann, R. McCarthy, D. E. McClelland, S. McCormick, L. McCuller, S. C. McGuire, J. McIver, D. J. McManus, T. McRae, S. T. McWilliams, D. Meacher, G. D. Meadors, M. Mehmet, A. K. Mehta, J. Meidam, A. Melatos, G. Mendell, R. A. Mercer, L. Mereni, E. L. Merilh, M. Merzougui, S. Meshkov, C. Messenger, C. Messick, R. Metzdorff, P. M. Meyers, H. Miao, C. Michel, H. Middleton, E. E. Mikhailov, L. Milano, A. L. Miller, A. Miller, M. Millhouse, J. C. Mills, M. C. Milovich-Goff, O. Minazzoli, Y. Minenkov, A. Mishkin, C. Mishra, T. Mistry, S. Mitra, V. P. Mitrofanov, G. Mitselmakher, R. Mittleman, G. Mo, D. Moffa, K. Mogushi, S. R. P. Mohapatra, M. Montani, C. J. Moore, D. Moraru, G. Moreno, S. Morisaki, B. Mours, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Arunava Mukherjee, D. Mukherjee, S. Mukherjee, N. Mukund, A. Mullavey, J. Munch, E. A. Muñiz, M. Muratore, P. G. Murray, A. Nagar, I. Nardecchia, L. Naticchioni, R. K. Nayak, J. Neilson, G. Nelemans, T. J. N. Nelson, M. Nery, A. Neunzert, K. Y. Ng, S. Ng, P. Nguyen, D. Nichols, A. B. Nielsen, S. Nissanke, A. Nitz, F. Nocera, C. North, L. K. Nuttall, M. Obergaulinger, J. Oberling, B. D. O’Brien, G. D. O’Dea, G. H. Ogin, J. J. Oh, S. H. Oh, F. Ohme, H. Ohta, M. A. Okada, M. Oliver, P. Oppermann, Richard J. Oram, B. O’Reilly, R. G. Ormiston, L. F. Ortega, R. O’Shaughnessy, S. Ossokine, D. J. Ottaway, H. Overmier, B. J. Owen, A. E. Pace, G. Pagano, M. A. Page, A. Pai, S. A. Pai, J. R. Palamos, O. Palashov, C. Palomba, A. Pal-Singh, Huang-Wei Pan, B. Pang, P. T. H. Pang, C. Pankow, F. Pannarale, B. C. Pant, F. Paoletti, A. Paoli, M. A. Papa, A. Parida, W. Parker, D. Pascucci, A. Pasqualetti, R. Passaquieti, D. Passuello, M. Patil, B. Patricelli, B. L. Pearlstone, C. Pedersen, M. Pedraza, R. Pedurand, A. Pele, S. Penn, A. Perego, C. J. Perez, A. Perreca, H. P. Pfeiffer, M. Phelps, K. S. Phukon, O. J. Piccinni, M. Pichot, F. Piergiovanni, G. Pillant, L. Pinard, M. Pirello, M. Pitkin, R. Poggiani, D. Y. T. Pong, S. Ponrathnam, P. Popolizio, E. K. Porter, J. Powell, A. K. Prajapati, J. Prasad, K. Prasai, R. Prasanna, G. Pratten, T. Prestegard, S. Privitera, G. A. Prodi, L. G. Prokhorov, O. Puncken, M. Punturo, P. Puppo, M. Pürrer, H. Qi, V. Quetschke, P. J. Quinonez, E. A. Quintero, R. Quitzow-James, F. J. Raab, H. Radkins, N. Radulescu, P. Raffai, S. Raja, C. Rajan, B. Rajbhandari, M. Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, A. Ramos-Buades, Javed Rana, K. Rao, P. Rapagnani, V. Raymond, M. Razzano, J. Read, T. Regimbau, L. Rei, S. Reid, D. H. Reitze, W. Ren, F. Ricci, C. J. Richardson, J. W. Richardson, P. M. Ricker, G. M. Riemenschneider, K. Riles, M. Rizzo, N. A. Robertson, R. Robie, F. Robinet, A. Rocchi, L. Rolland, J. G. Rollins, V. J. Roma, M. Romanelli, R. Romano, C. L. Romel, J. H. Romie, K. Rose, D. Rosińska, S. G. Rosofsky, M. P. Ross, S. Rowan, A. Rüdiger, P. Ruggi, G. Rutins, K. Ryan, S. Sachdev, T. Sadecki, M. Sakellariadou, O. Salafia, L. Salconi, M. Saleem, F. Salemi, A. Samajdar, L. Sammut, E. J. Sanchez, L. E. Sanchez, N. Sanchis-Gual, V. Sandberg, J. R. Sanders, K. A. Santiago, N. Sarin, B. Sassolas, B. S. Sathyaprakash, P. R. Saulson, O. Sauter, R. L. Savage, P. Schale, M. Scheel, J. Scheuer, P. Schmidt, R. Schnabel, R. M. S. Schofield, A. Schönbeck, E. Schreiber, B. W. Schulte, B. F. Schutz, S. G. Schwalbe, J. Scott, S. M. Scott, E. Seidel, D. Sellers, A. S. Sengupta, N. Sennett, D. Sentenac, V. Sequino, A. Sergeev, Y. Setyawati, D. A. Shaddock, T. Shaffer, M. S. Shahriar, M. B. Shaner, L. Shao, P. Sharma, P. Shawhan, H. Shen, R. Shink, D. H. Shoemaker, D. M. Shoemaker, S. ShyamSundar, K. Siellez, M. Sieniawska, D. Sigg, A. D. Silva, L. P. Singer, N. Singh, A. Singhal, A. M. Sintes, S. Sitmukhambetov, V. Skliris, B. J. J. Slagmolen, T. J. Slaven-Blair, J. R. Smith, R. J. E. Smith, S. Somala, E. J. Son, B. Sorazu, F. Sorrentino, T. Souradeep, E. Sowell, A. P. Spencer, A. K. Srivastava, V. Srivastava, K. Staats, C. Stachie, M. Standke, D. A. Steer, M. Steinke, J. Steinlechner, S. Steinlechner, D. Steinmeyer, S. P. Stevenson, D. Stocks, R. Stone, D. J. Stops, K. A. Strain, G. Stratta, S. E. Strigin, A. Strunk, R. Sturani, A. L. Stuver, V. Sudhir, T. Z. Summerscales, L. Sun, S. Sunil, J. Suresh, P. J. Sutton, B. L. Swinkels, M. J. Szczepańczyk, M. Tacca, S. C. Tait, C. Talbot, D. Talukder, D. B. Tanner, M. Tápai, A. Taracchini, J. D. Tasson, R. Taylor, F. Thies, M. Thomas, P. Thomas, S. R. Thondapu, K. A. Thorne, E. Thrane, Shubhanshu Tiwari, Srishti Tiwari, V. Tiwari, K. Toland, M. Tonelli, Z. Tornasi, A. Torres-Forné, C. I. Torrie, D. Töyrä, F. Travasso, G. Traylor, M. C. Tringali, A. Trovato, L. Trozzo, R. Trudeau, K. W. Tsang, M. Tse, R. Tso, L. Tsukada, D. Tsuna, D. Tuyenbayev, K. Ueno, D. Ugolini, C. S. Unnikrishnan, A. L. Urban, S. A. Usman, H. Vahlbruch, G. Vajente, G. Valdes, N. van Bakel, M. van Beuzekom, J. F. J. van den Brand, C. Van Den Broeck, D. C. Vander-Hyde, J. V. van Heijningen, L. van der Schaaf, A. A. van Veggel, M. Vardaro, V. Varma, S. Vass, M. Vasúth, A. Vecchio, G. Vedovato, J. Veitch, P. J. Veitch, K. Venkateswara, G. Venugopalan, D. Verkindt, F. Vetrano, A. Viceré, A. D. Viets, D. J. Vine, J.-Y. Vinet, S. Vitale, T. Vo, H. Vocca, C. Vorvick, S. P. Vyatchanin, A. R. Wade, L. E. Wade, M. Wade, R. Walet, M. Walker, L. Wallace, S. Walsh, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. Z. Wang, W. H. Wang, Y. F. Wang, R. L. Ward, Z. A. Warden, J. Warner, M. Was, J. Watchi, B. Weaver, L.-W. Wei, M. Weinert, A. J. Weinstein, R. Weiss, F. Wellmann, L. Wen, E. K. Wessel, P. Weßels, J. W. Westhouse, K. Wette, J. T. Whelan, L. V. White, B. F. Whiting, C. Whittle, D. M. Wilken, D. Williams, A. R. Williamson, J. L. Willis, B. Willke, M. H. Wimmer, W. Winkler, C. C. Wipf, H. Wittel, G. Woan, J. Woehler, J. K. Wofford, J. Worden, J. L. Wright, D. S. Wu, D. M. Wysocki, L. Xiao, H. Yamamoto, C. C. Yancey, L. Yang, M. J. Yap, M. Yazback, D. W. Yeeles, Hang Yu, Haocun Yu, S. H. R. Yuen, M. Yvert, A. K. Zadrożny, M. Zanolin, F. Zappa, T. Zelenova, J.-P. Zendri, M. Zevin, J. Zhang, L. Zhang, T. Zhang, C. Zhao, M. Zhou, Z. Zhou, X. J. Zhu, A. B. Zimmerman, Y. Zlochower, M. E. Zucker, and J. Zweizig

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We present the results from three gravitational-wave searches for coalescing compact binaries with component masses above 1 M_{⊙} during the first and second observing runs of the advanced gravitational-wave detector network. During the first observing run (O1), from September 12, 2015 to January 19, 2016, gravitational waves from three binary black hole mergers were detected. The second observing run (O2), which ran from November 30, 2016 to August 25, 2017, saw the first detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star inspiral, in addition to the observation of gravitational waves from a total of seven binary black hole mergers, four of which we report here for the first time: GW170729, GW170809, GW170818, and GW170823. For all significant gravitational-wave events, we provide estimates of the source properties. The detected binary black holes have total masses between 18.6_{-0.7}^{+3.2} M_{⊙} and 84.4_{-11.1}^{+15.8} M_{⊙} and range in distance between 320_{-110}^{+120} and 2840_{-1360}^{+1400} Mpc. No neutron star–black hole mergers were detected. In addition to highly significant gravitational-wave events, we also provide a list of marginal event candidates with an estimated false-alarm rate less than 1 per 30 days. From these results over the first two observing runs, which include approximately one gravitational-wave detection per 15 days of data searched, we infer merger rates at the 90% confidence intervals of 110−3840 Gpc^{-3} y^{-1} for binary neutron stars and 9.7−101 Gpc^{-3} y^{-1} for binary black holes assuming fixed population distributions and determine a neutron star–black hole merger rate 90% upper limit of 610 Gpc^{-3} y^{-1}.

Published
2019
Full Text
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2. Search for Multimessenger Sources of Gravitational Waves and High-energy Neutrinos with Advanced LIGO during Its First Observing Run, ANTARES, and IceCube

Author

A. Albert, M. André, M. Anghinolfi, M. Ardid, J.-J. Aubert, J. Aublin, T. Avgitas, B. Baret, J. Barrios-Martí, S. Basa, B. Belhorma, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, R. Bormuth, J. Boumaaza, S. Bourret, M. C. Bouwhuis, H. Brânzaş, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, J. Busto, A. Capone, L. Caramete, J. Carr, S. Celli, M. Chabab, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, M. Colomer, R. Coniglione, H. Costantini, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, A. F. Díaz, A. Deschamps, C. Distefano, I. Di Palma, A. Domi, R. Donà, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, D. Drouhin, T. Eberl, I. El Bojaddaini, N. El Khayati, D. Elsässer, A. Enzenhöfer, A. Ettahiri, F. Fassi, I. Felis, P. Fermani, G. Ferrara, L. Fusco, P. Gay, H. Glotin, T. Grégoire, R. Gracia Ruiz, K. Graf, S. Hallmann, H. van Haren, A. J. Heijboer, Y. Hello, J. J. Hernández-Rey, J. Hößl, J. Hofestädt, G. Illuminati, M. de Jong, M. Jongen, M. Kadler, O. Kalekin, U. Katz, N. R. Khan-Chowdhury, A. Kouchner, M. Kreter, I. Kreykenbohm, V. Kulikovskiy, C. Lachaud, R. Lahmann, D. Lefèvre, E. Leonora, G. Levi, M. Lotze, S. Loucatos, G. Maggi, M. Marcelin, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, J. A. Martínez-Mora, R. Mele, K. Melis, P. Migliozzi, A. Moussa, S. Navas, E. Nezri, A. Nuñez, M. Organokov, G. E. Păvălaş, C. Pellegrino, P. Piattelli, V. Popa, T. Pradier, L. Quinn, C. Racca, N. Randazzo, G. Riccobene, A. Sánchez-Losa, M. Saldaña, I. Salvadori, D. F. E. Samtleben, M. Sanguineti, P. Sapienza, F. Schüssler, M. Spurio, Th. Stolarczyk, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, A. Trovato, B. Vallage, V. Van Elewyck, F. Versari, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, D. Zaborov, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, ANTARES collaboration, M. G. Aartsen, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, J. A. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, M. Ahrens, D. Altmann, K. Andeen, T. Anderson, I. Ansseau, G. Anton, C. Argüelles, J. Auffenberg, S. Axani, P. Backes, H. Bagherpour, X. Bai, A. Barbano, J. P. Barron, S. W. Barwick, V. Baum, R. Bay, J. J. Beatty, J. Becker Tjus, K.-H. Becker, S. BenZvi, D. Berley, E. Bernardini, D. Z. Besson, G. Binder, D. Bindig, E. Blaufuss, S. Blot, C. Bohm, M. Börner, F. Bos, S. Böser, O. Botner, E. Bourbeau, J. Bourbeau, F. Bradascio, J. Braun, M. Brenzke, H.-P. Bretz, S. Bron, J. Brostean-Kaiser, A. Burgman, R. S. Busse, T. Carver, E. Cheung, D. Chirkin, K. Clark, L. Classen, G. H. Collin, J. M. Conrad, P. Coppin, P. Correa, D. F. Cowen, R. Cross, P. Dave, M. Day, J. P. A. M. de André, C. De Clercq, J. J. DeLaunay, H. Dembinski, K. Deoskar, S. De Ridder, P. Desiati, K. D. de Vries, G. de Wasseige, M. de With, T. DeYoung, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, V. di Lorenzo, H. Dujmovic, J. P. Dumm, M. Dunkman, E. Dvorak, B. Eberhardt, T. Ehrhardt, B. Eichmann, P. Eller, P. A. Evenson, S. Fahey, A. R. Fazely, J. Felde, K. Filimonov, C. Finley, A. Franckowiak, E. Friedman, A. Fritz, T. K. Gaisser, J. Gallagher, E. Ganster, S. Garrappa, L. Gerhardt, K. Ghorbani, W. Giang, T. Glauch, T. Glüsenkamp, A. Goldschmidt, J. G. Gonzalez, D. Grant, Z. Griffith, C. Haack, A. Hallgren, L. Halve, F. Halzen, K. Hanson, D. Hebecker, D. Heereman, K. Helbing, R. Hellauer, S. Hickford, J. Hignight, G. C. Hill, K. D. Hoffman, R. Hoffmann, T. Hoinka, B. Hokanson-Fasig, K. Hoshina, F. Huang, M. Huber, K. Hultqvist, M. Hünnefeld, R. Hussain, S. In, N. Iovine, A. Ishihara, E. Jacobi, G. S. Japaridze, M. Jeong, K. Jero, B. J. P. Jones, P. Kalaczynski, W. Kang, A. Kappes, D. Kappesser, T. Karg, A. Karle, M. Kauer, A. Keivani, J. L. Kelley, A. Kheirandish, J. Kim, T. Kintscher, J. Kiryluk, T. Kittler, S. R. Klein, R. Koirala, H. Kolanoski, L. Köpke, C. Kopper, S. Kopper, J. P. Koschinsky, D. J. Koskinen, M. Kowalski, K. Krings, M. Kroll, G. Krückl, S. Kunwar, N. Kurahashi, A. Kyriacou, M. Labare, J. L. Lanfranchi, M. J. Larson, F. Lauber, K. Leonard, M. Leuermann, Q. R. Liu, E. Lohfink, C. J. Lozano Mariscal, L. Lu, J. Lünemann, W. Luszczak, J. Madsen, K. B. M. Mahn, Y. Makino, S. Mancina, I. C. Mariş, R. Maruyama, K. Mase, R. Maunu, K. Meagher, M. Medici, M. Meier, T. Menne, G. Merino, T. Meures, S. Miarecki, J. Micallef, G. Momenté, T. Montaruli, R. W. Moore, M. Moulai, R. Nagai, R. Nahnhauer, P. Nakarmi, U. Naumann, G. Neer, H. Niederhausen, S. C. Nowicki, D. R. Nygren, A. Obertacke Pollmann, A. Olivas, A. O’Murchadha, E. O’Sullivan, T. Palczewski, H. Pandya, D. V. Pankova, P. Peiffer, J. A. Pepper, C. Pérez de los Heros, D. Pieloth, E. Pinat, A. Pizzuto, M. Plum, P. B. Price, G. T. Przybylski, C. Raab, M. Rameez, L. Rauch, K. Rawlins, I. C. Rea, R. Reimann, B. Relethford, G. Renzi, E. Resconi, W. Rhode, M. Richman, S. Robertson, M. Rongen, C. Rott, T. Ruhe, D. Ryckbosch, D. Rysewyk, I. Safa, S. E. Sanchez Herrera, A. Sandrock, J. Sandroos, M. Santander, S. Sarkar, K. Satalecka, M. Schaufel, P. Schlunder, T. Schmidt, A. Schneider, J. Schneider, S. Schöneberg, L. Schumacher, S. Sclafani, D. Seckel, S. Seunarine, J. Soedingrekso, D. Soldin, M. Song, G. M. Spiczak, C. Spiering, J. Stachurska, M. Stamatikos, T. Stanev, A. Stasik, R. Stein, J. Stettner, A. Steuer, T. Stezelberger, R. G. Stokstad, A. Stößl, N. L. Strotjohann, T. Stuttard, G. W. Sullivan, M. Sutherland, I. Taboada, F. Tenholt, S. Ter-Antonyan, A. Terliuk, S. Tilav, P. A. Toale, M. N. Tobin, C. Tönnis, S. Toscano, D. Tosi, M. Tselengidou, C. F. Tung, A. Turcati, R. Turcotte, C. F. Turley, B. Ty, E. Unger, M. A. Unland Elorrieta, M. Usner, J. Vandenbroucke, W. Van Driessche, D. van Eijk, N. van Eijndhoven, S. Vanheule, J. van Santen, M. Vraeghe, C. Walck, A. Wallace, M. Wallraff, F. D. Wandler, N. Wandkowsky, T. B. Watson, A. Waza, C. Weaver, M. J. Weiss, C. Wendt, J. Werthebach, S. Westerhoff, B. J. Whelan, N. Whitehorn, K. Wiebe, C. H. Wiebusch, L. Wille, D. R. Williams, L. Wills, M. Wolf, J. Wood, T. R. Wood, E. Woolsey, K. Woschnagg, G. Wrede, D. L. Xu, X. W. Xu, Y. Xu, J. P. Yanez, G. Yodh, S. Yoshida, T. Yuan, IceCube Collaboration, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, G. Allen, A. Allocca, M. A. Aloy, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, S. V. Angelova, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, M. C. Araya, J. S. Areeda, M. Arène, N. Arnaud, K. G. Arun, S. Ascenzi, G. Ashton, S. M. Aston, P. Astone, F. Aubin, P. Aufmuth, K. AultONeal, C. Austin, V. Avendano, A. Avila-Alvarez, S. Babak, P. Bacon, F. Badaracco, M. K. M. Bader, S. Bae, P. T. Baker, F. Baldaccini, G. Ballardin, S. W. Ballmer, S. Banagiri, J. C. Barayoga, S. E. Barclay, B. C. Barish, D. Barker, K. Barkett, S. Barnum, F. Barone, B. Barr, L. Barsotti, M. Barsuglia, D. Barta, J. Bartlett, I. Bartos, R. Bassiri, A. Basti, M. Bawaj, J. C. Bayley, M. Bazzan, B. Bécsy, M. Bejger, I. Belahcene, A. S. Bell, D. Beniwal, B. K. Berger, G. Bergmann, S. Bernuzzi, J. J. Bero, C. P. L. Berry, D. Bersanetti, A. Bertolini, J. Betzwieser, R. Bhandare, J. Bidler, I. A. Bilenko, S. A. Bilgili, G. Billingsley, J. Birch, I. A. Birney, O. Birnholtz, S. Biscans, S. Biscoveanu, A. Bisht, M. Bitossi, M. A. Bizouard, J. K. Blackburn, C. D. Blair, D. G. Blair, R. M. Blair, S. Bloemen, N. Bode, M. Boer, Y. Boetzel, G. Bogaert, F. Bondu, E. Bonilla, R. Bonnand, P. Booker, B. A. Boom, C. D. Booth, R. Bork, V. Boschi, S. Bose, K. Bossie, V. Bossilkov, J. Bosveld, Y. Bouffanais, A. Bozzi, C. Bradaschia, P. R. Brady, A. Bramley, M. Branchesi, J. E. Brau, T. Briant, J. H. Briggs, F. Brighenti, A. Brillet, M. Brinkmann, V. Brisson, P. Brockill, A. F. Brooks, D. D. Brown, S. Brunett, A. Buikema, T. Bulik, H. J. Bulten, A. Buonanno, D. Buskulic, C. Buy, R. L. Byer, M. Cabero, L. Cadonati, G. Cagnoli, C. Cahillane, J. Calderón Bustillo, T. A. Callister, E. Calloni, J. B. Camp, W. A. Campbell, K. C. Cannon, H. Cao, J. Cao, E. Capocasa, F. Carbognani, S. Caride, M. F. Carney, G. Carullo, J. Casanueva Diaz, C. Casentini, S. Caudill, M. Cavaglià, F. Cavalier, R. Cavalieri, G. Cella, P. Cerdá-Durán, G. Cerretani, E. Cesarini, O. Chaibi, K. Chakravarti, S. J. Chamberlin, M. Chan, S. Chao, P. Charlton, E. A. Chase, E. Chassande-Mottin, D. Chatterjee, M. Chaturvedi, B. D. Cheeseboro, H. Y. Chen, X. Chen, Y. Chen, H.-P. Cheng, C. K. Cheong, H. Y. Chia, A. Chincarini, A. Chiummo, G. Cho, H. S. Cho, M. Cho, N. Christensen, Q. Chu, S. Chua, K. W. Chung, S. Chung, G. Ciani, A. A. Ciobanu, R. Ciolfi, F. Cipriano, A. Cirone, F. Clara, J. A. Clark, P. Clearwater, F. Cleva, C. Cocchieri, E. Coccia, P.-F. Cohadon, D. Cohen, R. Colgan, M. Colleoni, C. G. Collette, C. Collins, L. R. Cominsky, M. Constancio Jr., L. Conti, S. J. Cooper, P. Corban, T. R. Corbitt, I. Cordero-Carrión, K. R. Corley, N. Cornish, A. Corsi, S. Cortese, C. A. Costa, R. Cotesta, M. W. Coughlin, S. B. Coughlin, J.-P. Coulon, S. T. Countryman, P. Couvares, P. B. Covas, E. E. Cowan, D. M. Coward, M. J. Cowart, D. C. Coyne, R. Coyne, J. D. E. Creighton, T. D. Creighton, J. Cripe, M. Croquette, S. G. Crowder, T. J. Cullen, A. Cumming, L. Cunningham, E. Cuoco, T. Dal Canton, G. Dálya, S. L. Danilishin, S. D’Antonio, K. Danzmann, A. Dasgupta, C. F. Da Silva Costa, L. E. H. Datrier, V. Dattilo, I. Dave, M. Davier, D. Davis, E. J. Daw, D. DeBra, M. Deenadayalan, J. Degallaix, M. De Laurentis, S. Deléglise, W. Del Pozzo, L. M. DeMarchi, N. Demos, T. Dent, M. Denys, R. De Pietri, J. Derby, R. De Rosa, C. De Rossi, R. DeSalvo, O. de Varona, S. Dhurandhar, M. C. Díaz, T. Dietrich, L. Di Fiore, M. Di Giovanni, T. Di Girolamo, A. Di Lieto, B. Ding, S. Di Pace, F. Di Renzo, A. Dmitriev, Z. Doctor, F. Donovan, K. L. Dooley, S. Doravari, I. Dorrington, T. P. Downes, M. Drago, J. C. Driggers, Z. Du, J.-G. Ducoin, P. Dupej, S. E. Dwyer, P. J. Easter, T. B. Edo, M. C. Edwards, A. Effler, P. Ehrens, J. Eichholz, S. S. Eikenberry, M. Eisenmann, R. A. Eisenstein, R. C. Essick, H. Estelles, D. Estevez, Z. B. Etienne, T. Etzel, M. Evans, T. M. Evans, V. Fafone, H. Fair, S. Fairhurst, X. Fan, S. Farinon, B. Farr, W. M. Farr, E. J. Fauchon-Jones, M. Favata, M. Fays, M. Fazio, C. Fee, J. Feicht, M. M. Fejer, F. Feng, A. Fernandez-Galiana, I. Ferrante, E. C. Ferreira, T. A. Ferreira, F. Ferrini, F. Fidecaro, I. Fiori, D. Fiorucci, M. Fishbach, R. P. Fisher, J. M. Fishner, M. Fitz-Axen, R. Flaminio, M. Fletcher, E. Flynn, H. Fong, J. A. Font, P. W. F. Forsyth, J.-D. Fournier, S. Frasca, F. Frasconi, Z. Frei, A. Freise, R. Frey, V. Frey, P. Fritschel, V. V. Frolov, P. Fulda, M. Fyffe, H. A. Gabbard, B. U. Gadre, S. M. Gaebel, J. R. Gair, L. Gammaitoni, M. R. Ganija, S. G. Gaonkar, A. Garcia, C. García-Quirós, F. Garufi, B. Gateley, S. Gaudio, G. Gaur, V. Gayathri, G. Gemme, E. Genin, A. Gennai, D. George, J. George, L. Gergely, V. Germain, S. Ghonge, Abhirup Ghosh, Archisman Ghosh, S. Ghosh, B. Giacomazzo, J. A. Giaime, K. D. Giardina, A. Giazotto, K. Gill, G. Giordano, L. Glover, P. Godwin, E. Goetz, R. Goetz, B. Goncharov, G. González, J. M. Gonzalez Castro, A. Gopakumar, M. L. Gorodetsky, S. E. Gossan, M. Gosselin, R. Gouaty, A. Grado, C. Graef, M. Granata, A. Grant, S. Gras, P. Grassia, C. Gray, R. Gray, G. Greco, A. C. Green, R. Green, E. M. Gretarsson, P. Groot, H. Grote, S. Grunewald, P. Gruning, G. M. Guidi, H. K. Gulati, Y. Guo, A. Gupta, M. K. Gupta, E. K. Gustafson, R. Gustafson, L. Haegel, O. Halim, B. R. Hall, E. D. Hall, E. Z. Hamilton, G. Hammond, M. Haney, M. M. Hanke, J. Hanks, C. Hanna, O. A. Hannuksela, J. Hanson, T. Hardwick, K. Haris, J. Harms, G. M. Harry, I. W. Harry, C.-J. Haster, K. Haughian, F. J. Hayes, J. Healy, A. Heidmann, M. C. Heintze, H. Heitmann, P. Hello, G. Hemming, M. Hendry, I. S. Heng, J. Hennig, A. W. Heptonstall, F. J. Hernandez, M. Heurs, S. Hild, T. Hinderer, D. Hoak, S. Hochheim, D. Hofman, A. M. Holgado, N. A. Holland, K. Holt, D. E. Holz, P. Hopkins, C. Horst, J. Hough, E. J. Howell, C. G. Hoy, A. Hreibi, E. A. Huerta, D. Huet, B. Hughey, M. Hulko, S. Husa, S. H. Huttner, T. Huynh-Dinh, B. Idzkowski, A. Iess, C. Ingram, R. Inta, G. Intini, B. Irwin, H. N. Isa, J.-M. Isac, M. Isi, B. R. Iyer, K. Izumi, T. Jacqmin, S. J. Jadhav, K. Jani, N. N. Janthalur, P. Jaranowski, A. C. Jenkins, J. Jiang, D. S. Johnson, A. W. Jones, D. I. Jones, R. Jones, R. J. G. Jonker, L. Ju, J. Junker, C. V. Kalaghatgi, V. Kalogera, B. Kamai, S. Kandhasamy, G. Kang, J. B. Kanner, S. J. Kapadia, S. Karki, K. S. Karvinen, R. Kashyap, M. Kasprzack, S. Katsanevas, E. Katsavounidis, W. Katzman, S. Kaufer, K. Kawabe, N. V. Keerthana, F. Kéfélian, D. Keitel, R. Kennedy, J. S. Key, F. Y. Khalili, H. Khan, I. Khan, S. Khan, Z. Khan, E. A. Khazanov, M. Khursheed, N. Kijbunchoo, Chunglee Kim, J. C. Kim, K. Kim, W. Kim, W. S. Kim, Y.-M. Kim, C. Kimball, E. J. King, P. J. King, M. Kinley-Hanlon, R. Kirchhoff, J. S. Kissel, L. Kleybolte, J. H. Klika, S. Klimenko, T. D. Knowles, P. Koch, S. M. Koehlenbeck, G. Koekoek, S. Koley, V. Kondrashov, A. Kontos, N. Koper, M. Korobko, W. Z. Korth, I. Kowalska, D. B. Kozak, V. Kringel, N. Krishnendu, A. Królak, G. Kuehn, A. Kumar, P. Kumar, R. Kumar, S. Kumar, L. Kuo, A. Kutynia, S. Kwang, B. D. Lackey, K. H. Lai, T. L. Lam, M. Landry, B. B. Lane, R. N. Lang, J. Lange, B. Lantz, R. K. Lanza, A. Lartaux-Vollard, P. D. Lasky, M. Laxen, A. Lazzarini, C. Lazzaro, P. Leaci, S. Leavey, Y. K. Lecoeuche, C. H. Lee, H. K. Lee, H. M. Lee, H. W. Lee, J. Lee, K. Lee, J. Lehmann, A. Lenon, N. Leroy, N. Letendre, Y. Levin, J. Li, K. J. L. Li, T. G. F. Li, X. Li, F. Lin, F. Linde, S. D. Linker, T. B. Littenberg, J. Liu, X. Liu, R. K. L. Lo, N. A. Lockerbie, L. T. London, A. Longo, M. Lorenzini, V. Loriette, M. Lormand, G. Losurdo, J. D. Lough, C. O. Lousto, G. Lovelace, M. E. Lower, H. Lück, D. Lumaca, A. P. Lundgren, R. Lynch, Y. Ma, R. Macas, S. Macfoy, M. MacInnis, D. M. Macleod, A. Macquet, F. Magaña-Sandoval, L. Magaña Zertuche, R. M. Magee, E. Majorana, I. Maksimovic, A. Malik, N. Man, V. Mandic, V. Mangano, G. L. Mansell, M. Manske, M. Mantovani, F. Marchesoni, F. Marion, S. Márka, Z. Márka, C. Markakis, A. S. Markosyan, A. Markowitz, E. Maros, A. Marquina, S. Marsat, F. Martelli, I. W. Martin, R. M. Martin, D. V. Martynov, K. Mason, E. Massera, A. Masserot, T. J. Massinger, M. Masso-Reid, S. Mastrogiovanni, A. Matas, F. Matichard, L. Matone, N. Mavalvala, N. Mazumder, J. J. McCann, R. McCarthy, D. E. McClelland, S. McCormick, L. McCuller, S. C. McGuire, J. McIver, D. J. McManus, T. McRae, S. T. McWilliams, D. Meacher, G. D. Meadors, M. Mehmet, A. K. Mehta, J. Meidam, A. Melatos, G. Mendell, R. A. Mercer, L. Mereni, E. L. Merilh, M. Merzougui, S. Meshkov, C. Messenger, C. Messick, R. Metzdorff, P. M. Meyers, H. Miao, C. Michel, H. Middleton, E. E. Mikhailov, L. Milano, A. L. Miller, A. Miller, M. Millhouse, J. C. Mills, M. C. Milovich-Goff, O. Minazzoli, Y. Minenkov, A. Mishkin, C. Mishra, T. Mistry, S. Mitra, V. P. Mitrofanov, G. Mitselmakher, R. Mittleman, G. Mo, D. Moffa, K. Mogushi, S. R. P. Mohapatra, M. Montani, C. J. Moore, D. Moraru, G. Moreno, S. Morisaki, B. Mours, C. M. Mow-Lowry, Arunava Mukherjee, D. Mukherjee, S. Mukherjee, N. Mukund, A. Mullavey, J. Munch, E. A. Muñiz, M. Muratore, P. G. Murray, I. Nardecchia, L. Naticchioni, R. K. Nayak, J. Neilson, G. Nelemans, T. J. N. Nelson, M. Nery, A. Neunzert, K. Y. Ng, S. Ng, P. Nguyen, D. Nichols, S. Nissanke, F. Nocera, C. North, L. K. Nuttall, M. Obergaulinger, J. Oberling, B. D. O’Brien, G. D. O’Dea, G. H. Ogin, J. J. Oh, S. H. Oh, F. Ohme, H. Ohta, M. A. Okada, M. Oliver, P. Oppermann, Richard J. Oram, B. O’Reilly, R. G. Ormiston, L. F. Ortega, R. O’Shaughnessy, S. Ossokine, D. J. Ottaway, H. Overmier, B. J. Owen, A. E. Pace, G. Pagano, M. A. Page, A. Pai, S. A. Pai, J. R. Palamos, O. Palashov, C. Palomba, A. Pal-Singh, Huang-Wei Pan, B. Pang, P. T. H. Pang, C. Pankow, F. Pannarale, B. C. Pant, F. Paoletti, A. Paoli, A. Parida, W. Parker, D. Pascucci, A. Pasqualetti, R. Passaquieti, D. Passuello, M. Patil, B. Patricelli, B. L. Pearlstone, C. Pedersen, M. Pedraza, R. Pedurand, A. Pele, S. Penn, C. J. Perez, A. Perreca, H. P. Pfeiffer, M. Phelps, K. S. Phukon, O. J. Piccinni, M. Pichot, F. Piergiovanni, G. Pillant, L. Pinard, M. Pirello, M. Pitkin, R. Poggiani, D. Y. T. Pong, S. Ponrathnam, P. Popolizio, E. K. Porter, J. Powell, A. K. Prajapati, J. Prasad, K. Prasai, R. Prasanna, G. Pratten, T. Prestegard, S. Privitera, G. A. Prodi, L. G. Prokhorov, O. Puncken, M. Punturo, P. Puppo, M. Pürrer, H. Qi, V. Quetschke, P. J. Quinonez, E. A. Quintero, R. Quitzow-James, F. J. Raab, H. Radkins, N. Radulescu, P. Raffai, S. Raja, C. Rajan, B. Rajbhandari, M. Rakhmanov, K. E. Ramirez, A. Ramos-Buades, Javed Rana, K. Rao, P. Rapagnani, V. Raymond, M. Razzano, J. Read, T. Regimbau, L. Rei, S. Reid, D. H. Reitze, W. Ren, F. Ricci, C. J. Richardson, J. W. Richardson, P. M. Ricker, K. Riles, M. Rizzo, N. A. Robertson, R. Robie, F. Robinet, A. Rocchi, L. Rolland, J. G. Rollins, V. J. Roma, M. Romanelli, R. Romano, C. L. Romel, J. H. Romie, K. Rose, D. Rosińska, S. G. Rosofsky, M. P. Ross, S. Rowan, A. Rüdiger, P. Ruggi, G. Rutins, K. Ryan, S. Sachdev, T. Sadecki, M. Sakellariadou, L. Salconi, M. Saleem, A. Samajdar, L. Sammut, E. J. Sanchez, L. E. Sanchez, N. Sanchis-Gual, V. Sandberg, J. R. Sanders, K. A. Santiago, N. Sarin, B. Sassolas, P. R. Saulson, O. Sauter, R. L. Savage, P. Schale, M. Scheel, J. Scheuer, F. Schiettekatte, P. Schmidt, R. Schnabel, R. M. S. Schofield, A. Schönbeck, E. Schreiber, B. W. Schulte, B. F. Schutz, S. G. Schwalbe, J. Scott, S. M. Scott, E. Seidel, D. Sellers, A. S. Sengupta, N. Sennett, D. Sentenac, V. Sequino, A. Sergeev, Y. Setyawati, D. A. Shaddock, T. Shaffer, M. S. Shahriar, M. B. Shaner, L. Shao, P. Sharma, P. Shawhan, H. Shen, R. Shink, D. H. Shoemaker, D. M. Shoemaker, S. ShyamSundar, K. Siellez, M. Sieniawska, D. Sigg, A. D. Silva, L. P. Singer, N. Singh, A. Singhal, A. M. Sintes, S. Sitmukhambetov, V. Skliris, B. J. J. Slagmolen, T. J. Slaven-Blair, J. R. Smith, R. J. E. Smith, S. Somala, E. J. Son, B. Sorazu, F. Sorrentino, T. Souradeep, E. Sowell, A. P. Spencer, A. K. Srivastava, V. Srivastava, K. Staats, C. Stachie, M. Standke, D. A. Steer, M. Steinke, J. Steinlechner, S. Steinlechner, D. Steinmeyer, S. P. Stevenson, D. Stocks, R. Stone, D. J. Stops, K. A. Strain, G. Stratta, S. E. Strigin, A. Strunk, R. Sturani, A. L. Stuver, V. Sudhir, T. Z. Summerscales, L. Sun, S. Sunil, J. Suresh, P. J. Sutton, B. L. Swinkels, M. J. Szczepańczyk, M. Tacca, S. C. Tait, C. Talbot, D. Talukder, D. B. Tanner, M. Tápai, A. Taracchini, J. D. Tasson, R. Taylor, F. Thies, M. Thomas, P. Thomas, S. R. Thondapu, K. A. Thorne, E. Thrane, Shubhanshu Tiwari, Srishti Tiwari, V. Tiwari, K. Toland, M. Tonelli, Z. Tornasi, A. Torres-Forné, C. I. Torrie, D. Töyrä, F. Travasso, G. Traylor, M. C. Tringali, L. Trozzo, R. Trudeau, K. W. Tsang, M. Tse, R. Tso, L. Tsukada, D. Tsuna, D. Tuyenbayev, K. Ueno, D. Ugolini, C. S. Unnikrishnan, A. L. Urban, S. A. Usman, H. Vahlbruch, G. Vajente, G. Valdes, N. van Bakel, M. van Beuzekom, J. F. J. van den Brand, C. Van Den Broeck, D. C. Vander-Hyde, L. van der Schaaf, J. V. van Heijningen, A. A. van Veggel, M. Vardaro, V. Varma, S. Vass, M. Vasúth, A. Vecchio, G. Vedovato, J. Veitch, P. J. Veitch, K. Venkateswara, G. Venugopalan, D. Verkindt, F. Vetrano, A. Viceré, A. D. Viets, D. J. Vine, J.-Y. Vinet, S. Vitale, T. Vo, H. Vocca, C. Vorvick, S. P. Vyatchanin, A. R. Wade, L. E. Wade, M. Wade, R. Walet, M. Walker, L. Wallace, S. Walsh, G. Wang, H. Wang, J. Z. Wang, W. H. Wang, Y. F. Wang, R. L. Ward, Z. A. Warden, J. Warner, M. Was, J. Watchi, B. Weaver, L.-W. Wei, M. Weinert, A. J. Weinstein, R. Weiss, F. Wellmann, L. Wen, E. K. Wessel, P. Weßels, J. W. Westhouse, K. Wette, J. T. Whelan, B. F. Whiting, C. Whittle, D. M. Wilken, D. Williams, A. R. Williamson, J. L. Willis, B. Willke, M. H. Wimmer, W. Winkler, C. C. Wipf, H. Wittel, G. Woan, J. Woehler, J. K. Wofford, J. Worden, J. L. Wright, D. S. Wu, D. M. Wysocki, L. Xiao, H. Yamamoto, C. C. Yancey, L. Yang, M. J. Yap, M. Yazback, D. W. Yeeles, Hang Yu, Haocun Yu, S. H. R. Yuen, M. Yvert, A. K. Zadrozny, A. Zadrożny, M. Zanolin, T. Zelenova, J.-P. Zendri, M. Zevin, J. Zhang, L. Zhang, T. Zhang, C. Zhao, M. Zhou, Z. Zhou, X. J. Zhu, M. E. Zucker, J. Zweizig, and The LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration

Subjects
gravitational waves, neutrinos, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

Astrophysical sources of gravitational waves, such as binary neutron star and black hole mergers or core-collapse supernovae, can drive relativistic outflows, giving rise to non-thermal high-energy emission. High-energy neutrinos are signatures of such outflows. The detection of gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos from common sources could help establish the connection between the dynamics of the progenitor and the properties of the outflow. We searched for associated emission of gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos from astrophysical transients with minimal assumptions using data from Advanced LIGO from its first observing run O1, and data from the A ntares and IceCube neutrino observatories from the same time period. We focused on candidate events whose astrophysical origins could not be determined from a single messenger. We found no significant coincident candidate, which we used to constrain the rate density of astrophysical sources dependent on their gravitational-wave and neutrino emission processes.

Published
2019
Full Text
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3. Low-latency Gravitational-wave Alerts for Multimessenger Astronomy during the Second Advanced LIGO and Virgo Observing Run

Author

B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, G. Allen, A. Allocca, M. A. Aloy, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, S. V. Angelova, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, M. C. Araya, J. S. Areeda, M. Arène, N. Arnaud, S. Ascenzi, G. Ashton, S. M. Aston, P. Astone, F. Aubin, P. Aufmuth, K. AultONeal, C. Austin, V. Avendano, A. Avila-Alvarez, S. Babak, P. Bacon, F. Badaracco, M. K. M. Bader, S. Bae, P. T. Baker, F. Baldaccini, G. Ballardin, S. W. Ballmer, S. Banagiri, J. C. Barayoga, S. E. Barclay, B. C. Barish, D. Barker, K. Barkett, S. Barnum, F. Barone, B. Barr, L. Barsotti, M. Barsuglia, D. Barta, J. Bartlett, I. Bartos, R. Bassiri, A. Basti, M. Bawaj, J. C. Bayley, M. Bazzan, B. Bécsy, M. Bejger, I. Belahcene, A. S. Bell, D. Beniwal, B. K. Berger, G. Bergmann, S. Bernuzzi, J. J. Bero, C. P. L. Berry, D. Bersanetti, A. Bertolini, J. Betzwieser, R. Bhandare, J. Bidler, I. A. Bilenko, S. A. Bilgili, G. Billingsley, J. Birch, I. A. Birney, O. Birnholtz, S. Biscans, S. Biscoveanu, A. Bisht, M. Bitossi, M. A. Bizouard, J. K. Blackburn, C. D. Blair, D. G. Blair, R. M. Blair, S. Bloemen, N. Bode, M. Boer, Y. Boetzel, G. Bogaert, F. Bondu, E. Bonilla, R. Bonnand, P. Booker, B. A. Boom, C. D. Booth, R. Bork, V. Boschi, S. Bose, K. Bossie, V. Bossilkov, J. Bosveld, Y. Bouffanais, A. Bozzi, C. Bradaschia, P. R. Brady, A. Bramley, M. Branchesi, J. E. Brau, T. Briant, J. H. Briggs, F. Brighenti, A. Brillet, M. Brinkmann, V. Brisson, P. Brockill, A. F. Brooks, D. D. Brown, S. Brunett, A. Buikema, T. Bulik, H. J. Bulten, A. Buonanno, D. Buskulic, C. Buy, R. L. Byer, M. Cabero, L. Cadonati, G. Cagnoli, C. Cahillane, J. Calderón Bustillo, T. A. Callister, E. Calloni, J. B. Camp, W. A. Campbell, M. Canepa, K. C. Cannon, H. Cao, J. Cao, E. Capocasa, F. Carbognani, S. Caride, M. F. Carney, G. Carullo, J. Casanueva Diaz, C. Casentini, S. Caudill, M. Cavaglià, F. Cavalier, R. Cavalieri, G. Cella, P. Cerdá-Durán, G. Cerretani, E. Cesarini, O. Chaibi, K. Chakravarti, S. J. Chamberlin, M. Chan, S. Chao, P. Charlton, E. A. Chase, E. Chassande-Mottin, D. Chatterjee, M. Chaturvedi, B. D. Cheeseboro, H. Y. Chen, X. Chen, Y. Chen, H.-P. Cheng, C. K. Cheong, H. Y. Chia, A. Chincarini, A. Chiummo, G. Cho, H. S. Cho, M. Cho, N. Christensen, Q. Chu, S. Chua, K. W. Chung, S. Chung, G. Ciani, A. A. Ciobanu, R. Ciolfi, F. Cipriano, A. Cirone, F. Clara, J. A. Clark, P. Clearwater, F. Cleva, C. Cocchieri, E. Coccia, P.-F. Cohadon, D. Cohen, R. Colgan, M. Colleoni, C. G. Collette, C. Collins, L. R. Cominsky, M. Constancio Jr., L. Conti, S. J. Cooper, P. Corban, T. R. Corbitt, I. Cordero-Carrión, K. R. Corley, N. Cornish, A. Corsi, S. Cortese, C. A. Costa, R. Cotesta, M. W. Coughlin, S. B. Coughlin, J.-P. Coulon, S. T. Countryman, P. Couvares, P. B. Covas, E. E. Cowan, D. M. Coward, M. J. Cowart, D. C. Coyne, R. Coyne, J. D. E. Creighton, T. D. Creighton, J. Cripe, M. Croquette, S. G. Crowder, T. J. Cullen, A. Cumming, L. Cunningham, E. Cuoco, T. Dal Canton, G. Dálya, S. L. Danilishin, S. D’Antonio, K. Danzmann, A. Dasgupta, C. F. Da Silva Costa, L. E. H. Datrier, V. Dattilo, I. Dave, M. Davier, D. Davis, E. J. Daw, D. DeBra, M. Deenadayalan, J. Degallaix, M. De Laurentis, S. Deléglise, W. Del Pozzo, L. M. DeMarchi, N. Demos, T. Dent, R. De Pietri, J. Derby, R. De Rosa, C. De Rossi, R. DeSalvo, O. de Varona, S. Dhurandhar, M. C. Díaz, T. Dietrich, L. Di Fiore, M. Di Giovanni, T. Di Girolamo, A. Di Lieto, B. Ding, S. Di Pace, I. Di Palma, F. Di Renzo, A. Dmitriev, Z. Doctor, F. Donovan, K. L. Dooley, S. Doravari, I. Dorrington, T. P. Downes, M. Drago, J. C. Driggers, Z. Du, J.-G. Ducoin, P. Dupej, S. E. Dwyer, P. J. Easter, T. B. Edo, M. C. Edwards, A. Effler, P. Ehrens, J. Eichholz, S. S. Eikenberry, M. Eisenmann, R. A. Eisenstein, R. C. Essick, H. Estelles, D. Estevez, Z. B. Etienne, T. Etzel, M. Evans, T. M. Evans, V. Fafone, H. Fair, S. Fairhurst, X. Fan, S. Farinon, B. Farr, W. M. Farr, E. J. Fauchon-Jones, M. Favata, M. Fays, M. Fazio, C. Fee, J. Feicht, M. M. Fejer, F. Feng, A. Fernandez-Galiana, I. Ferrante, E. C. Ferreira, T. A. Ferreira, F. Ferrini, F. Fidecaro, I. Fiori, D. Fiorucci, M. Fishbach, R. P. Fisher, J. M. Fishner, M. Fitz-Axen, R. Flaminio, M. Fletcher, E. Flynn, H. Fong, J. A. Font, P. W. F. Forsyth, J.-D. Fournier, S. Frasca, F. Frasconi, Z. Frei, A. Freise, R. Frey, V. Frey, P. Fritschel, V. V. Frolov, P. Fulda, M. Fyffe, H. A. Gabbard, B. U. Gadre, S. M. Gaebel, J. R. Gair, L. Gammaitoni, M. R. Ganija, S. G. Gaonkar, A. Garcia, C. García-Quirós, F. Garufi, B. Gateley, S. Gaudio, G. Gaur, V. Gayathri, G. Gemme, E. Genin, A. Gennai, D. George, J. George, L. Gergely, V. Germain, S. Ghonge, Abhirup Ghosh, Archisman Ghosh, S. Ghosh, B. Giacomazzo, J. A. Giaime, K. D. Giardina, A. Giazotto, K. Gill, G. Giordano, L. 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Hoy, A. Hreibi, E. A. Huerta, D. Huet, B. Hughey, M. Hulko, S. Husa, S. H. Huttner, T. Huynh-Dinh, B. Idzkowski, A. Iess, C. Ingram, R. Inta, G. Intini, B. Irwin, H. N. Isa, J.-M. Isac, M. Isi, B. R. Iyer, K. Izumi, T. Jacqmin, S. J. Jadhav, K. Jani, N. N. Janthalur, P. Jaranowski, A. C. Jenkins, J. Jiang, D. S. Johnson, A. W. Jones, D. I. Jones, R. Jones, R. J. G. Jonker, L. Ju, J. Junker, C. V. Kalaghatgi, V. Kalogera, B. Kamai, S. Kandhasamy, G. Kang, J. B. Kanner, S. J. Kapadia, S. Karki, K. S. Karvinen, R. Kashyap, M. Kasprzack, S. Katsanevas, E. Katsavounidis, W. Katzman, S. Kaufer, K. Kawabe, N. V. Keerthana, F. Kéfélian, D. Keitel, R. Kennedy, J. S. Key, F. Y. Khalili, H. Khan, I. Khan, S. Khan, Z. Khan, E. A. Khazanov, M. Khursheed, N. Kijbunchoo, Chunglee Kim, J. C. Kim, K. Kim, W. Kim, W. S. Kim, Y.-M. Kim, C. Kimball, E. J. King, P. J. King, M. Kinley-Hanlon, R. Kirchhoff, J. S. Kissel, L. Kleybolte, J. H. Klika, S. Klimenko, T. D. Knowles, P. Koch, S. M. Koehlenbeck, G. Koekoek, S. Koley, V. Kondrashov, A. Kontos, N. Koper, M. Korobko, W. Z. Korth, I. Kowalska, D. B. Kozak, V. Kringel, N. Krishnendu, A. Królak, G. Kuehn, A. Kumar, P. Kumar, R. Kumar, S. Kumar, L. Kuo, A. Kutynia, S. Kwang, B. D. Lackey, K. H. Lai, T. L. Lam, M. Landry, B. B. Lane, R. N. Lang, J. Lange, B. Lantz, R. K. Lanza, A. Lartaux-Vollard, P. D. Lasky, M. Laxen, A. Lazzarini, C. Lazzaro, P. Leaci, S. Leavey, Y. K. Lecoeuche, C. H. Lee, H. K. Lee, H. M. Lee, H. W. Lee, J. Lee, K. Lee, J. Lehmann, A. Lenon, N. Leroy, N. Letendre, Y. Levin, J. Li, K. J. L. Li, T. G. F. Li, X. Li, F. Lin, F. Linde, S. D. Linker, T. B. Littenberg, J. Liu, X. Liu, R. K. L. Lo, N. A. Lockerbie, L. T. London, A. Longo, M. Lorenzini, V. Loriette, M. Lormand, G. Losurdo, J. D. Lough, C. O. Lousto, G. Lovelace, M. E. Lower, H. Lück, D. Lumaca, A. P. Lundgren, R. Lynch, Y. Ma, R. Macas, S. Macfoy, M. MacInnis, D. M. Macleod, A. Macquet, F. Magaña-Sandoval, L. Magaña Zertuche, R. M. Magee, E. Majorana, I. Maksimovic, A. Malik, N. Man, V. Mandic, V. Mangano, G. L. Mansell, M. Manske, M. Mantovani, F. Marchesoni, F. Marion, S. Márka, Z. Márka, C. Markakis, A. S. Markosyan, A. Markowitz, E. Maros, A. Marquina, S. Marsat, F. Martelli, I. W. Martin, R. M. Martin, D. V. Martynov, K. Mason, E. Massera, A. Masserot, T. J. Massinger, M. Masso-Reid, S. Mastrogiovanni, A. Matas, F. Matichard, L. Matone, N. Mavalvala, N. Mazumder, J. J. McCann, R. McCarthy, D. E. McClelland, S. McCormick, L. McCuller, S. C. McGuire, J. McIver, D. J. McManus, T. McRae, S. T. McWilliams, D. Meacher, G. D. Meadors, M. Mehmet, A. K. Mehta, J. Meidam, A. Melatos, G. Mendell, R. A. Mercer, L. Mereni, E. L. Merilh, M. Merzougui, S. Meshkov, C. Messenger, C. Messick, R. Metzdorff, P. M. Meyers, H. Miao, C. Michel, H. Middleton, E. E. Mikhailov, L. Milano, A. L. Miller, A. Miller, M. Millhouse, J. C. Mills, M. C. Milovich-Goff, O. Minazzoli, Y. Minenkov, A. Mishkin, C. Mishra, T. Mistry, S. Mitra, V. P. Mitrofanov, G. 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Subjects
gravitational waves, methods: data analysis, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

Advanced LIGO’s second observing run (O2), conducted from 2016 November 30 to 2017 August 25, combined with Advanced Virgo’s first observations in 2017 August, witnessed the birth of gravitational-wave multimessenger astronomy. The first ever gravitational-wave detection from the coalescence of two neutron stars, GW170817, and its gamma-ray counterpart, GRB 170817A, led to an electromagnetic follow-up of the event at an unprecedented scale. Several teams from across the world searched for EM/neutrino counterparts to GW170817, paving the way for the discovery of optical, X-ray, and radio counterparts. In this article, we describe the online identification of gravitational-wave transients and the distribution of gravitational-wave alerts by the LIGO and Virgo collaborations during O2. We also describe the gravitational-wave observables that were sent in the alerts to enable searches for their counterparts. Finally, we give an overview of the online candidate alerts shared with observing partners during O2. Alerts were issued for 14 candidates, 6 of which have been confirmed as gravitational-wave events associated with the merger of black holes or neutron stars. Of the 14 alerts, 8 were issued less than an hour after data acquisition.

Published
2019
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4. Directional limits on persistent gravitational waves using data from Advanced LIGO’s first two observing runs

Author

B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, G. Allen, A. Allocca, M. A. Aloy, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, S. V. Angelova, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, M. C. Araya, J. S. Areeda, M. Arene, N. Arnaud, S. Ascenzi, G. Ashton, S. M. Aston, P. Astone, F. Aubin, P. Aufmuth, K. AultONeal, C. Austin, V. Avendano, A. Avila-Alvarez, S. Babak, P. Bacon, F. Badaracco, M. K. M. Bader, S. Bae, P. T. Baker, F. Baldaccini, G. Ballardin, S.W. Ballmer, S. Banagiri, J. C. Barayoga, S. E. Barclay, B. C. Barish, D. Barker, K. Barkett, S. Barnum, F. Barone, B. Barr, L. Barsotti, M. Barsuglia, D. Barta, J. Bartlett, I. Bartos, R. Bassiri, A. Basti, M. Bawaj, J. C. Bayley, M. Bazzan, B. Becsy, M. Bejger, I. Belahcene, A. S. Bell, D. Beniwal, B. K. Berger, G. Bergmann, S. Bernuzzi, J. J. Bero, C. P. L. 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Wimmer, W. Winkler, C. C. Wipf, H. Wittel, G. Woan, J. Woehler, J. K. Wofford, J. Worden, J. L. Wright, D. S. Wu, D. M. Wysocki, L. Xiao, R. Xu, H. Yamamoto, C. C. Yancey, L. Yang, M. J. Yap, M. Yazback, D.W. Yeeles, Hang Yu, Haocun Yu, S. H. R. Yuen, M. Yvert, A. K. Zadrożny, M. Zanolin, T. Zelenova, J.-P. Zendri, M. Zevin, J. Zhang, L. Zhang, T. Zhang, C. Zhao, M. Zhou, Z. Zhou, X. J. Zhu, M. E. Zucker, and J. Zweizig

Subjects
Space Sciences (General)
Abstract

We perform an unmodeled search for persistent, directional gravitational wave (GW) sources using data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO. We do not find evidence for any GW signals. We place limits on the broadband GW flux emitted at 25 Hz from point sources with a power law spectrum at F(α;Θ) < (0.05–25) × 10^(−8) erg/sq. cmsHz and the (normalized) energy density spectrum in GWs at 25 Hz from extended sources at Ω(α)(Θ) < (0.19–2.89) × 10^(−8) per sr where α is the spectral index of the energy density spectrum. These represent improvements of 2.5–3× over previous limits. We also consider point sources emitting GWs at a single frequency, targeting the directions of Sco X-1, SN 1987A, and the Galactic center. The best upper limits on the strain amplitude of a potential source in these three directions range from h(0) < (3.6–4.7) × 10^(−25), 1.5× better than previous limits set with the same analysis method. We also report on a marginally significant outlier at 36.06 Hz. This outlier is not consistent with a persistent gravitational-wave source as its significance diminishes when combining all of the available data.

Published
2019
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5. GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observedby LIGO and Virgo During the First and Second Observing Runs

Author

Jordan B Camp, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, G. Allen, A. Allocca, M. A. Aloy, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, S. V. Angelova, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, M. C. Araya, J. S. Areeda, M. Arene, N. Arnaud, K. G. Arun, S. Ascenzi, G. Ashton, S. M. Aston, P. Astone, F. Aubin, P. Aufmuth, K. AultONeal, C. Austin, V. Avendano, A. Avila-Alvarez, S. Babak, P. Bacon, F. Badaracco, M. K. M. Bader, S. Bae, P. T. Baker, F. Baldaccini, G. Ballardin, S. W. Ballmer, S. Banagiri, J. C. Barayoga, S. E. Barclay, B. C. Barish, D. Barker, K. Barkett, S. Barnum, F. Barone, B. Barr, L. Barsotti, M. Barsuglia, D. Barta, J. Bartlett, I. Bartos, R. Bassiri, A. Basti, M. Bawaj, J. C. Bayley, M. Bazzan, B. Becsy53M. Bejger, I. Belahcene, A. S. Bell, D. Beniwal, B. K. Berger, G. Bergmann, S. 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Westhouse, K. Wette, J. T. Whelan, L. V. White, B. F. Whiting, C. Whittle, D. M. Wilken, D. Williams, A. R. Williamson, J. L. Willis, B. Willke, M. H. Wimmer, W. Winkler, C. C. Wipf, H. Wittel, G. Woan, J. Woehler, J. K. Wofford, J. Worden, J. L. Wright, D. S. Wu, D. M. Wysocki, L. Xiao, H. Yamamoto, C. C. Yancey, L. Yang, M. J. Yap, M. Yazback, D. W. Yeeles, Hang Yu, Haocun Yu, S. H. R. Yuen, M. Yvert, A. K. Zadrożny, M. Zanolin, F. Zappa, T. Zelenova, J.-P. Zendri, M. Zevin, J. Zhang, L. Zhang, T. Zhang, C. Zhao, M. Zhou, Z. Zhou, X. J. Zhu, A. B. Zimmerman, Y. Zlochower, M. E. Zucker, and J. Zweizig

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the results from three gravitational-wave searches for coalescing compact binaries with component masses above1M during the first and second observing runs of the advanced gravitational-wave detector network. During the first observing run (O1), from September 12, 2015 to January 19, 2016, gravitational waves from three binary black hole mergers were detected. The second observing run (O2), which ran from November 30, 2016 to August 25, 2017, saw the first detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star in spiral, in addition to the observation of gravitational waves from a total of seven binary black hole mergers, four of which we report here for the first time: GW170729, GW170809, GW170818, and GW170823. For all significant gravitational-wave events, we provide estimates of the source properties. The detected binary black holes have total masses between18.6þ3.2−0.7M and 84.4þ15.8−11.1M and range in distance between 320þ120−110 and 2840þ1400−1360Mpc. No neutron star–black hole mergers were detected. In addition to highly significant gravitational-wave events, we also provide a list of marginal event candidates with an estimated false-alarm rate less than 1 per 30 days. From these results over the first two observing runs, which include approximately one gravitational-wave detection per 15 days of data searched, we infer merger rates at the 90% confidence intervals of 110−3840Gpc−3y−1 for binary neutron stars and 9.7−101Gpc−3y−1 for binary black holes assuming fixed population distributions and determine a neutron star–black hole merger rate 90% upper limit of 610Gpc−3y−1.

Published
2019
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6. Low-Latency Gravitational-Wave Alerts for Multimessenger Astronomy During the Second Advanced LIGO and Virgo Observing Run

Author

Leo Pound Singer, Jordan B Camp, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, S. Abraham, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, K. Agatsuma, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, L. Aiello, A. Ain, P. Ajith, G. Allen, A. Allocca, M. A. Aloy, P. A. Altin, A. Amato, A. Ananyeva, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, S. V. Angelova, S. Antier, S. Appert, K. Arai, M. C. Araya, J. S. Areeda, M. Arène, N. Arnaud, S. Ascenzi, G. Ashton, S. M. Aston, P. Astone, F. Aubin, P. Aufmuth, K. AultONeal, C. Austin, V. Avendano, A. Avila-Alvarez, S. Babak, P. Bacon, F. Badaracco, M. K. M. Bader, S. Bae, P. T. Baker, F. Baldaccini, G. Ballardin, S. W. Ballmer, S. Banagiri, J. C. Barayoga, S. E. Barclay, B. C. Barish, D. Barker, K. Barkett, S. Barnum, F. Barone, B. Barr, L. Barsotti, M. Barsuglia, D. Barta, J. Bartlett, I. Bartos, R. Bassiri, A. Basti, M. Bawaj, J. C. Bayley, M. Bazzan, B. Bécsy, M. Bejger, I. Belahcene, A. S. Bell, D. Beniwal, B. K. Berger, G. Bergmann, S. 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Wysocki, L. Xiao, H. Yamamoto, C. C. Yancey, L. Yang, M. J. Yap, M. Yazback, D. W. Yeeles, Hang Yu, Haocun Yu, S. H. R. Yuen, M. Yvert, A. K. Zadrożny, M. Zanolin, T. Zelenova, J.-P. Zendri, M. Zevin, J. Zhang, L. Zhang, T. Zhang, C. Zhao, M. Zhou, Z. Zhou, A. B. Zimmerman, X. J. Zhu, M. E. Zucker, and J. Zweizig

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

Advanced LIGO’s second observing run (O2), conducted from 2016 November 30 to 2017 August 25, combined with Advanced Virgo’s first observations in 2017 August, witnessed the birth of gravitational-wave multimessenger astronomy. The first ever gravitational-wave detection from the coalescence of two neutron stars, GW170817, and its gamma-ray counterpart, GRB 170817A, led to an electromagnetic follow-up of the event at an unprecedented scale. Several teams from across the world searched for EM/neutrino counterparts to GW170817, paving the way for the discovery of optical, X-ray, and radio counterparts. In this article, we describe the online identification of gravitational-wave transients and the distribution of gravitational-wave alerts by the LIGO and Virgo collaborations during O2. We also describe the gravitational-wave observables that were sent in the alerts to enable searches for their counterparts. Finally, we give an overview of the online candidate alerts shared with observing partners during O2. Alerts were issued for 14 candidates, 6 of which have been confirmed as gravitational-wave events associated with the merger of black holes or neutron stars. Of the 14 alerts, 8 were issued less than an hour after data acquisition.

Published
2019
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7. Erratum: Searches for continuous gravitational waves from 15 supernova remnants and fomalhaut b with advanced LIGO (2019, ApJ, 875, 122)*

Author

A. Parida, S. S. Eikenberry, F. Frasconi, Chris A. Collins, R. Flaminio, Marcus E. Lower, Rosa Poggiani, V. Frey, E. K. Wessel, Nikhil Sarin, Odylio D. Aguiar, I. W. Martin, S. Farinon, P. Raffai, Andrew Matas, C. F. Da Silva Costa, M. A. Okada, G. Rutins, Graham Woan, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, D. Passuello, A. Cirone, H. S. Chen, Hyun Lee, J. D. Lough, K. Mason, S. A. Bilgili, E. C. Ferreira, Robert L. Byer, J. Calderón Bustillo, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, O. Halim, N. A. Robertson, Stuart Reid, F. J. Hayes, Patrick Godwin, N. Sennett, P. Kumar, Jacob Scheuer, B. R. Hall, J. Hanks, R. M. Martin, David A. Nichols, Edward K. Porter, J. G. Bartlett, Márton Tápai, K. W. Tsang, C. Horst, W. A. Campbell, Andreas Freise, C. V. Kalaghatgi, M. Rakhmanov, G. Pagano, Paul D. Lasky, J. W. Westhouse, M. C. Araya, Srishti Tiwari, C. Lazzaro, Patricia Schmidt, V. Brisson, Bernard F. Schutz, Li Ju, Matthew Pitkin, D. Cohen, Kiran Prasai, P. J. Veitch, S. A. Usman, C. Messenger, Liam Cunningham, E. A. M. 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M. Macleod, Karan Jani, B. L. Swinkels, Arunava Mukherjee, S. Privitera, L. Glover, Imre Bartos, Isabel Cordero-Carrión, H. Qi, E. Genin, J. Zhang, F. Baldaccini, B. U. Gadre, A. Lartaux-Vollard, B. Irwin, R. Shink, L. Rei, Huang-Wei Pan, Gijs Nelemans, S. Vass, Kenneth A. Strain, Jimin George, R. Coyne, C. Gray, G. H. Ogin, T. J. Shaffer, M. Sieniawska, Fabrice Matichard, A. Paoli, K. A. Santiago, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, G. Cagnoli, Arnold Miller, H. N. Isa, Suvadeep Bose, V. Tiwari, V. Quetschke, Yann Bouffanais, Martin M. Fejer, L. F. Ortega, D. Lumaca, M. Pedraza, R. Bork, S. Ghonge, Y. Minenkov, P. Bacon, K. AultONeal, K. Chakravarti, E. D. Hall, L. Sammut, Lionel London, D. George, R. K. Lanza, Y. Boetzel, Alexander C. Jenkins, P. Dupej, Eric B. Flynn, Z. Márka, M. Mantovani, T. Prestegard, D. W. Yeeles, Xie Chen, A. Markowitz, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, Samuel Deléglise, M. Merzougui, A. Fernandez-Galiana, S. M. Scott, M. Obergaulinger, Turlough P. Downes, F. Cavalier, A. Ain, R. J. Trudeau, K. Holt, Chunglee Kim, L. van der Schaaf, S. A. Pai, C. De Rossi, W. Parker, A. Gennai, Rahul Kumar, Harald P. Pfeiffer, Milan Gupta, G. Dálya, B. Gateley, G. Cho, J. C. Bayley, Aaron Buikema, V. Sandberg, E. J. King, M. J. Cowart, S. Koley, M. Boer, G. Mendell, S. J. Jadhav, B. Idzkowski, V. Loriette, V. Skliris, J. K. Blackburn, E. Chassande-Mottin, Shubhanshu Tiwari, G. Koekoek, L. Trozzo, C. Pankow, P. M. Meyers, Koh Ueno, Christian Pedersen, Albert Lazzarini, Kyungmin Kim, N. Koper, H. Wittel, M. Deenadayalan, B. O'Reilly, A. W. Jones, Sheila Rowan, S. G. Schwalbe, D. Pascucci, R. De Pietri, S. Mitra, T. Sadecki, W. Ren, Rocco Romano, John D. Scott, J. Z. Wang, S. Grunewald, R. Prasanna, R. Cotesta, R. G. Ormiston, S. Kaufer, Rainer Weiss, David E. McClelland, Paul J. Groot, M. Zevin, R. A. Mercer, S. Ossokine, Jinsook Kim, Rebecca Fisher, J. Li, A. M. Holgado, H. Fair, Samaya Nissanke, X. Liu, M. A. Bizouard, K. Bossie, John Veitch, J. Lehmann, Al Imran Malik, K. G. Arun, J. D. Tasson, C. K. Cheong, J. R. Gair, M. Fitz-Axen, B. K. Berger, S. D'Antonio, N. Arnaud, K. E. Ramirez, W. Z. Korth, Daniel E. Holz, F. Di Renzo, Torrey Cullen, B. J. J. Slagmolen, Archana Pai, F. Paoletti, Vijay Varma, M. MacInnis, Marco Romanelli, M. Fyffe, F. Cipriano, David Blair, C. Fee, Gabriela Gonzalez, F. Aubin, G. Stratta, Jesper Munch, K. R. Corley, A. Mullavey, T. J. N. Nelson, J. Birch, S. Bae, P. Rapagnani, F. J. Raab, D. Tuyenbayev, B. Patricelli, D. S. Wu, Margaret Millhouse, S. Barnum, D. Buskulic, S. G. Gaonkar, E. Coccia, M. E. Zucker, C. Graef, B. A. Weaver, Xiaohui Fan, J. G. Rollins, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, M. De Laurentis, D. Ugolini, P. Clearwater, G. Valdes, David Jones, M. R. Ganija, L.-W. Wei, Haixing Miao, G. Bogaert, R. Taylor, P. Popolizio, Koji Arai, Ryan Lynch, A. D. Viets, D. Meacher, E. J. Fauchon-Jones, E. J. Sanchez, S. Ponrathnam, G. A. Prodi, K. L. Dooley, Fangchen Feng, Lisa Barsotti, Kris Ryan, E. A. Quintero, Marco Cavaglia, J.J. Bero, Leo Tsukada, David H. Shoemaker, M. Lormand, D. J. Stops, S. Karki, Anirban Dasgupta, E. Z. Hamilton, R. J. G. Jonker, J. S. H. Lee, T. Dal Canton, J. Warner, R. Passaquieti, D. Verkindt, Mairi Sakellariadou, G. Pillant, S. H. R. Yuen, Keith Rose, K. S. Karvinen, F. Martelli, C. Rajan, Pablo Cerdá-Durán, Peter R. Saulson, V. Sequino, Tenglin Li, R. DeSalvo, D. Estevez, B. Pang, Paul T. Baker, O. V. Palashov, Sean T. McWilliams, D. Rosińska, J. C. Barayoga, V. Fafone, R. Tso, Jonathan Richardson, F. Piergiovanni, Chang-Hwan Lee, N. Sanchis-Gual, N. Radulescu, L. Mereni, Terry G. McRae, S. Mastrogiovanni, Richard J. Abbott, L. G. Prokhorov, Patrick M. Koch, S. Antier, S. Banagiri, A. Grant, D. Chatterjee, T. L. Lam, A. Pele, A. Chiummo, Nergis Mavalvala, Alessandro Longo, Richard J. Oram, M. Davier, Jerome Degallaix, François Bondu, F. Badaracco, Sebastian Khan, B. C. Barish, Hartmut Grote, R. J. E. Smith, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, Christophe Collette, Ho-Gyu Lee, G. Losurdo, Luca Gammaitoni, R. Metzdorff, C. J. Perez, B. D. O'Brien, M. K. M. Bader, O. Chaibi, Devon S. Johnson, C. Bradaschia, P. Oppermann, Neil J. Cornish, S. Frasca, M. Di Giovanni, Ik Siong Heng, Kai Staats, F-L. Lin, L. Conti, M. Chaturvedi, S. Márka, Stephen Fairhurst, Carl Blair, Peter Aufmuth, T. Di Girolamo, V. Mangano, A. L. Miller, S. Ghosh, László Á. Gergely, A. Macquet, P. Astone, B. Lantz, Daichi Tsuna, K. Mogushi, P. J. King, J. T. Whelan, S. G. Crowder, J. Feicht, Joey Shapiro Key, J. R. Sanders, António Alves da Silva, Q. Chu, S. V. Angelova, L. Magaña Zertuche, Lili Yang, Laura Cadonati, D. A. Steer, M. Branchesi, Zefeng Zhou, D. Y. T. Pong, L. Kleybolte, E. Massera, F. Wellmann, Edward Seidel, O. E. S. Sauter, J. Woehler, S. Chung, K. S. Phukon, A. Avila-Alvarez, Chad Hanna, A. Bramley, C. Kimball, J. Oberling, M. Pirello, K. Gill, Walter Winkler, A. S. Markosyan, Harald Lück, J. Bidler, M. Cho, G. Gaur, S. C. McGuire, J. F. Read, F. Nocera, C. Zhao, Alicia M. Sintes, S. Di Pace, K. Haris, T. Zhang, N. Demos, Thibaut Jacqmin, T. Regimbau, I. Maksimovic, G. Hemming, S. M. Koehlenbeck, M. Saleem, M. Oliver, Douglas Davis, Geraint Pratten, E. Goetz, Tarun Souradeep, Andrea Taracchini, D. Bersanetti, G. Ashton, S. Penn, J. V. van Heijningen, Yu Wang, F. Thies, G. L. Mansell, V. Dattilo, Edwin J. Son, Eric Thrane, Stefan Hild, Y. Ma, A. Brillet, C. Michel, M. Vardaro, Sarah Caudill, T. D. Knowles, F. Robinet, V. B. Adya, J. K. Wofford, F. Cleva, M. P. Ross, T. B. Edo, M. Pichot, Maximiliano Isi, E. M. Gretarsson, Ying Guo, D. Beniwal, Peter Fritschel, Wenxiao Wang, M. Masso-Reid, S. Kwang, L. E. Sanchez, Enrico Calloni, G. Traylor, Thomas Corbitt, L. Salconi, C. A. Costa, Zhihui Du, Laboratoire des matériaux avancés (LMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (Astro)-Particles Physics, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Gravitational wave, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, LIGO, Supernova, Fomalhaut, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Equation (5) of the published article?(Abbott et al. 2019) is in error; it should read (Formula Presented) The upper limits on ò presented in the published article are unaffected by this error.

Published
2021
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8. Principal component pursuit for exposure pattern recognition: an application to persistent organic pollutants and leukocyte telomere length

Author

John Wright, Jingkai Yan, Jeff Goldsmith, Yanelli Nunez, Marianthi-Anna Kioumourtzoglou, Rachel Tao, Junhui Zhang, Elizabeth A. Gibson, R. Colgan, and Lawrence G. Chillrud

Subjects
Pollutant, Principal component pursuit, Evolutionary biology, Pattern recognition (psychology), General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Biology, General Environmental Science, Telomere
Published
2021
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9. Erratum: Search for gravitational waves from Scorpius X-1 in the second Advanced LIGO observing run with an improved hidden Markov model [Phys. Rev. D 100, 122002 (2019)]

Author

S. J. Jadhav, Samuele Cortese, Charlie Hoy, V. Srivastava, M. Fays, Rebecca Fisher, J. Li, Chris A. Collins, T. Hinderer, A. Di Lieto, Rana X. Adhikari, Al Imran Malik, S. J. Chamberlin, M. Vasúth, Nikhil Sarin, Jonathan Cripe, M. Fyffe, Gabriela Gonzalez, K. R. Corley, F. Donovan, C. F. Da Silva Costa, V. Bossilkov, D. Lumaca, M. A. Okada, K. Mason, S. A. Bilgili, J. D. E. Creighton, Soichiro Morisaki, Jun Liu, E. C. Ferreira, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, D. B. Tanner, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, O. Halim, K. W. Tsang, W. Katzman, M. Yvert, R. M. S. Schofield, M. Nery, L. Naticchioni, R. M. Martin, David A. Nichols, M. Korobko, P. J. Veitch, W. A. Campbell, Ettore Majorana, Benjamin J. Owen, J. F. J. van den Brand, J. Junker, S. Sunil, M. Tacca, S. Hochheim, Martin Hendry, Cecilio García-Quirós, P. Ehrens, Paul M. Ricker, H. Khan, T. Prestegard, G. Cho, H. Fong, G. Greco, M. Bitossi, G. Bergmann, P. A. Altin, Antonios Kontos, S. Walsh, J. G. Bartlett, Márton Tápai, P.H. Nguyen, Junwei Cao, Y. Boetzel, A. Samajdar, K. Wette, F. Thies, John J. Oh, E. A. M. Muniz, Riccardo Ciolfi, Peter T. H. Pang, B. W. Schulte, L. Xiao, F. Ricci, C. Affeldt, R. Goetz, D. C. Vander-Hyde, C. Adams, A. A. Ciobanu, B. Mours, Mandar Patil, Abhirup Ghosh, Liam Cunningham, Archana Pai, F. Paoletti, Z. B. Etienne, Tristan Briant, P. Ruggi, P. Fulda, S. H. Huttner, A. Mullavey, T. J. N. Nelson, Peter Aufmuth, Gregorio Carullo, R. M. Blair, D. Sigg, T. Di Girolamo, S. W. Ballmer, D. M. Shoemaker, Hua Wang, L. Sun, S. R. P. Mohapatra, J. D. Lough, G. Giordano, K. Toland, D. J. Hofman, M. Punturo, Slawomir Gras, S. W. S. Ng, G. Moreno, S. Kumar, C. Buy, Callum Dale Booth, A. M. Sintes, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, A. Masserot, S. E. Barclay, J. L. Willis, J. McIver, J. H. Briggs, Mark Hannam, Ofek Birnholtz, S. Ghosh, László Á. Gergely, D. M. Wysocki, A. Macquet, B. Lantz, Daichi Tsuna, R. D. Kennedy, José A. Font, N. Singh, Eric Howell, S. Leavey, Chandra Kant Mishra, R. Bhandare, Piotr Jaranowski, K. Mogushi, N. Bode, D. George, Dániel Barta, R. K. Lanza, P. Dupej, Eric B. Flynn, B. Gateley, Aaron Buikema, R. W. L. Jones, C. C. Wipf, E. J. King, A. Strunk, N. Kijbunchoo, Sheelu Abraham, M. J. Cowart, Hai-Ping Cheng, A. Iess, L. K. Nuttall, S. T. Countryman, Surabhi Sachdev, Christopher J. Moore, S. Biscoveanu, Antoni Ramos-Buades, V. V. Frolov, S. Mitra, Xiaohui Fan, Richard O'Shaughnessy, B. Barr, A. D. Viets, D. Meacher, D. Tuyenbayev, Kevin Barkett, I. Dorrington, I. Di Palma, R. Kirchhoff, B. L. Pearlstone, Kendall Ackley, R. K. Nayak, H. Y. Chia, F. Magaña-Sandoval, A. Allocca, M. F. Carney, Ajay Kumar, Jörg Hennig, Charalampos Markakis, R. Pedurand, Benno Willke, A. Grado, T. Sadecki, W. Ren, S. Grunewald, R. Prasanna, R. L. Ward, P. J. Sutton, Alyssa Garcia, J. H. Romie, P. J. King, J. T. Whelan, K. H. Lai, S. G. Crowder, J. Feicht, Joey Shapiro Key, J. R. Sanders, M. Bawaj, M. M. Hanke, S. B. Anderson, M. R. Ganija, S. Ponrathnam, S. Karki, D. Verkindt, O. Puncken, M. B. Shaner, S. B. Coughlin, A. Neunzert, P.-F. Cohadon, M. Heurs, Reed Essick, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, F. Frasconi, T. Hardwick, D. Steinmeyer, F. Travasso, Michał Bejger, M. Standke, M. Croquette, A. Effler, J. Jiang, A. Perreca, G. Gemme, M. Drago, Guenakh Mitselmakher, Zhihui Du, A. Parida, S. S. Eikenberry, K. E. Ramirez, S. Barnum, Ryan Lynch, D. C. Williams, Sung-Po Chao, R. De Rosa, Kwan-Lok Li, D. Passuello, I. Nardecchia, A. Cirone, Hiroyuki Ohta, Robert J. McCarthy, Tim Dietrich, Jennifer Watchi, Sergio Gaudio, C. J. Richardson, J. Healy, V. Kringel, A. M. Holgado, R. Macas, G. Billingsley, S. Macfoy, N. Mukund, L. R. Cominsky, R. Gustafson, Linqing Wen, R. Flaminio, B. A. Boom, A. M. Sergeev, B. Pang, Z. Tornasi, P. Kumar, S. Kandhasamy, M. Fishbach, B. Sorazu, A. Kutynia, Paul T. Baker, A. K. Lenon, S. Mastrogiovanni, M. Pedraza, F. Cavalier, M. Fitz-Axen, Marcus E. Lower, J. S. Kissel, Hartmut Grote, S. Doravari, A. Singhal, Alena Ananyeva, Odylio D. Aguiar, I. W. Martin, Andrea Chincarini, A. K. Zadrożny, T. Z. Summerscales, Leo Tsukada, E. Z. Hamilton, S. A. Usman, Roman Schnabel, J. E. Brau, V. Boschi, M. van Beuzekom, R. Tso, Jonathan Richardson, L. Mereni, G. Losurdo, R. Metzdorff, M. C. Milovich-Goff, J. L. Wright, Patrick M. Koch, S. Antier, S. Banagiri, Alessandra Corsi, S. Raja, S. E. Strigin, H. S. Chen, S. Husa, S. Bose, J. Zweizig, V. Germain, J. Steinlechner, C. Cahillane, V. Gayathri, H. Fair, D. H. Shoemaker, P. Brockill, R. L. Savage, A. S. Bell, Hyun Lee, J. Calderón Bustillo, Edward K. Porter, C. Messenger, M. J. Yap, C. Palomba, S. Ascenzi, S. Privitera, M. S. Shahriar, Lee McCuller, T. Bulik, T. D. Abbott, G. Cagnoli, Devon S. Johnson, C. Horst, Alberto Vecchio, Geoffrey Mo, J. M. Fishner, M. Montani, H. J. Bulten, Geoffrey Lovelace, T. Mistry, G. Rutins, Graham Woan, M. H. Wimmer, M. Constancio, D. Rosińska, A. A. van Veggel, Richard Gray, Efim A. Khazanov, G. Ballardin, Moritz Mehmet, Kiran Prasai, Alessandra Buonanno, C.-J. Haster, Gabrielle Allen, J.-M. Isac, F. Marion, N. Leroy, Nancy Aggarwal, Zahoor Ali Khan, M. Phelps, S. Babak, Alexander C. Jenkins, Xie Chen, A. Markowitz, S. Vitale, G. Dálya, M. Laxen, Anchal Gupta, F. Y. Khalili, Robert L. Byer, Stuart Reid, F. J. Hayes, Jacob Scheuer, B. Bécsy, M. Kasprzack, Bala R. Iyer, S. S. Y. Chua, S. McCormick, C. Casentini, G. Wang, L. Matone, Vuk Mandic, Neil J. Cornish, M. J. Szczepańczyk, Denis Martynov, Marco Bazzan, F-L. Lin, D. J. McManus, C. Ingram, L. Pinard, B. R. Hall, Héctor Estellés, N. Letendre, Alec Mishkin, R. Cavalieri, I. Dave, C. Talbot, E. J. Daw, Maurizio Canepa, Antonio Marquina, Rosa Poggiani, V. Frey, A. K. Mehta, E. K. Wessel, S. Farinon, P. Raffai, T. L. Lam, Alessandro Longo, Richard J. Oram, François Bondu, F. Badaracco, Daniel E. Holz, B. J. J. Slagmolen, B. Patricelli, D. S. Wu, Margaret Millhouse, N. Sennett, Patrick Godwin, K. L. Dooley, Marta Colleoni, J. A. Giaime, L. Wallace, A. Królak, R. Frey, Joseph Smith, S. Brunett, D. Barker, A. Bisht, Maher Yazback, Y. K. Lecoeuche, G. M. Harry, K. Venkateswara, R. Cotesta, T. Etzel, J. B. Kanner, Robert Stone, Alessandro Nagar, J. C. Barayoga, A. Dmitriev, A. R. Williamson, Albrecht Rüdiger, Xing-Jiang Zhu, R. A. Eisenstein, Jishnu Suresh, Federico Ferrini, E. L. Merilh, N. Koper, Sebastian Steinlechner, A. Pasqualetti, M. Tse, D. M. Macleod, B. L. Swinkels, L. Glover, Vivishek Sudhir, V. Tiwari, Yann Bouffanais, Lijing Shao, G. Vajente, S. M. Gaebel, A. K. Srivastava, A. E. Pace, E. Schreiber, A. Basti, Ryan N. Lang, M. Rakhmanov, G. Pagano, G. D. Meadors, J. Eichholz, Li Ju, J.-P. Coulon, E. A. Chase, Z. Frei, Sofia Suvorova, T. Zelenova, D. H. Reitze, S. Caride, A. F. Brooks, P. J. Quinonez, J.-D. Fournier, Riccardo Bassiri, Magnus Manske, M. C. Araya, Srishti Tiwari, C. Lazzaro, Philip F. Hopkins, Leo Singer, Patricia Schmidt, V. Brisson, M. Obergaulinger, E. Maros, L. Trozzo, S. Katsanevas, I. Fiori, T. A. Ferreira, K. D. Giardina, J. K. Wofford, P. Leaci, P. Booker, K. W. Chung, S. Kaufer, Shawn Rosofsky, Haocun Yu, Archisman Ghosh, A. P. Lundgren, M. A. Page, Hongyu Shen, D. C. Coyne, K. Izumi, E. Cesarini, S. D. Linker, R. Robie, Mark A. Scheel, M. Fletcher, B. Hughey, Albert Lazzarini, S. G. Gaonkar, Jimin George, M. Sieniawska, K. Chakravarti, Fabio Marchesoni, P. Hello, Haixing Miao, Y. R. Chen, Samaya Nissanke, M. A. Bizouard, B. K. Berger, Ken K. Y. Ng, A. Hreibi, F. Clara, Alessandro Bertolini, Achamveedu Gopakumar, S. L. Danilishin, G. Bogaert, J. J. Bero, Manuela Rizzo, R. Taylor, Daniel A. Shaddock, Brittany Kamai, Rainer Weiss, G. Venugopalan, J. C. Driggers, D.B. DeBra, C. V. Kalaghatgi, J. Hanson, C. Whittle, Kyungmin Kim, B. O'Reilly, P. Gruning, K. Siellez, B. F. Schutz, N. V. Krishnendu, J. Derby, K. A. Thorne, M. Was, Isabel Cordero-Carrión, J. S. Lange, B. Irwin, M. C. Tringali, A. C. Green, Andrew Matas, J. Hanks, Fausto Acernese, C. 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Subjects
Physics, data analysis method, erratum, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Scorpius X-1, LIGO, gravitational radiation, gravitational radiation: direct detection, 01 natural sciences, gravitational radiation detector, Theoretical physics, cosmic rays, binary: spin, gravitational radiation: emission, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Experiments in gravity, X-ray: binary, Hidden Markov model, numerical calculations, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, cosmology
Abstract

International audience; We present results from a semicoherent search for continuous gravitational waves from the low-mass x-ray binary Scorpius X-1, using a hidden Markov model (HMM) to track spin wandering. This search improves on previous HMM-based searches of LIGO data by using an improved frequency domain matched filter, the J-statistic, and by analyzing data from Advanced LIGO’s second observing run. In the frequency range searched, from 60 to 650 Hz, we find no evidence of gravitational radiation. At 194.6 Hz, the most sensitive search frequency, we report an upper limit on gravitational wave strain (at 95% confidence) of h095%=3.47×10-25 when marginalizing over source inclination angle. This is the most sensitive search for Scorpius X-1, to date, that is specifically designed to be robust in the presence of spin wandering.

Published
2021
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10. Erratum: 'Searches for Gravitational Waves from Known Pulsars at Two Harmonics in 2015–2017 LIGO Data' (2019, ApJ, 879, 10)

Author

P. Kumar, B. R. Hall, R. Cavalieri, A. K. Srivastava, A. E. Pace, A. Fernandez-Galiana, A. Basti, Ryan N. Lang, J.-P. Coulon, T. Hardwick, D. Steinmeyer, E. A. Chase, Z. Frei, Piotr Jaranowski, V. Sequino, S. Caride, Jordan Camp, J. Liu, F. Travasso, Michał Bejger, A. Pasqualetti, J.-D. Fournier, M. Croquette, Philip F. Hopkins, Christian Pedersen, H. M. Lee, L. Xiao, Milan Gupta, P. Fulda, P. T.H. Pang, T. Etzel, G. Mendell, C. S. Unnikrishnan, J. Jiang, I. Fiori, S. J. Jadhav, B. C. Pant, Sourav Ghosh, Imre Bartos, V. Germain, V. Quetschke, Martin M. Fejer, R. Bork, S. Ghonge, Shawn Rosofsky, T. Di Girolamo, K. AultONeal, A. Perreca, S. M. Scott, G. Gemme, L. van der Schaaf, S. A. Pai, Cody Messick, M. Drago, L. E. Wade, Rebecca Fisher, K. S. Phukon, J. Li, J. Eichholz, Guenakh Mitselmakher, Zhihui Du, I. Belahcene, S. E. Barclay, M. Fyffe, R. Kirchhoff, R. Colgan, B. L. Pearlstone, D. M. Macleod, Charalampos Markakis, Archana Pai, W. Z. Korth, Gabriela Gonzalez, K. R. Corley, Christopher P. L. Berry, J. L. Willis, M. Eisenmann, Ofek Birnholtz, Archisman Ghosh, F. Paoletti, B. A. Boom, Samuel Deléglise, B. L. Swinkels, A. M. Sergeev, Torrey Cullen, G. Vedovato, L. E. H. Datrier, Samuele Cortese, Charlie Hoy, A. M. Holgado, G. Ciani, D. B. Kozak, A. D. Silva, J. Suresh, M. C. Milovich-Goff, J. L. Wright, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, P. Booker, S. Mastrogiovanni, Nicolas Sanchis-Gual, P. Ruggi, A. Parida, R. K. Lanza, S. S. Eikenberry, R. Pedurand, Benno Willke, S. T. Countryman, Michael E Zucker, A. Grado, Andrew Matas, C. D. Booth, D. Stocks, Surabhi Sachdev, Christopher J. Moore, Alessandra Corsi, Sanjay Kumar, V. V. Frolov, M. Fitz-Axen, Eric Howell, A. Singhal, P. Thomas, M. Arène, A. Mullavey, T. J. N. Nelson, V. Fafone, J. Betzwieser, C. Vorvick, G. Kang, Daniel E. Holz, B. J. J. Slagmolen, P. Dupej, Alena Ananyeva, Stanislav Babak, M. Constancio, C. Cahillane, Debnandini Mukherjee, C. Pankow, P. M. Meyers, S. Doravari, M. Muratore, M. C. Heintze, P. 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King, Nelson Christensen, Linqing Wen, P. Raffai, L. Naticchioni, Salvatore Vitale, A. Cumming, F. Di Renzo, Lee McCuller, N. Mazumder, J. D. E. Creighton, E. K. Gustafson, M. Weinert, H. A. G. Gabbard, S. V. Angelova, John Veitch, J. Lehmann, T. D. Abbott, J. Meidam, A. W. Heptonstall, Pablo Cerdá-Durán, Vivien Raymond, Peter R. Saulson, Alessandro Corongiu, S. Vass, S. Raja, E. Genin, J. Zhang, F. Baldaccini, L. F. Ortega, A. Rocchi, A. S. Markosyan, S. E. Strigin, J. V. Van Heijningen, H. Fong, G. Greco, J. S. Lange, F. Fidecaro, G. M. Guidi, Harald Lück, F. Marion, J. McIver, Z. Tornasi, M. J. Cowart, P. Puppo, A. L. Urban, D. Ugolini, P. Clearwater, K. E. Ramirez, D. W. Yeeles, Zoheyr Doctor, A. Malik, S. Gaudio, E. J. Fauchon-Jones, R. M. S. Schofield, R. Coyne, Fabrice Matichard, H. N. Isa, N. Arnaud, Maggie Tse, L. Wallace, A. Królak, Riccardo Sturani, J. Hanks, M. Lormand, R. Abbott, A. Ain, R. J. Trudeau, D. Moffa, J. Zweizig, C. De Rossi, D. Verkindt, C. Cocchieri, B. 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I-00184 Roma, Italyrico Fermi, I-00184 Roma, Italy, Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES), IHES, Department of Physics, University of North Bengal, Illinois College, Institute of Mathematics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hobart and William Smith Colleges, University of Washington [Seattle], Laboratoire d'Astrophysique Expérimentale (LAE), Observatoire du Mont Mégantic, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Villanova University, Andrews University, Albert-Einstein-Institut, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA, X-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA, Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, Unité Scientifique de la Station de Nançay (USN), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, Astrochemistry Group (INAF), Hakubi Center, Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie at Effelsberg, CRESST/NASA GSFC, Astrophysics Science Division, Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics (JBCA), Space Science Division (NRL-SSD), Department of Physical Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 37, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia, Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Abbott, Bp, Abbott, R, Abbott, Td, Abraham, S, Acernese, F, Ackley, K, Adams, C, Adhikari, Rx, Adya, Vb, Affeldt, C, Agathos, M, Agatsuma, K, Aggarwal, N, Aguiar, Od, Aiello, L, Ain, A, Ajith, P, Allen, G, Allocca, A, Aloy, Ma, Altin, Pa, Amato, A, Anand, S, Ananyeva, A, Anderson, Sb, Anderson, Wg, Angelova, Sv, Antier, S, Appert, S, Arai, K, Araya, Mc, Areeda, J, Arene, M, Arnaud, N, Aronson, Sm, Ascenzi, S, Ashton, G, Aston, Sm, Astone, P, Aubin, F, Aufmuth, P, Aultoneal, K, Austin, C, Avendano, V, Avila-Alvarez, A, Babak, S, Bacon, P, Badaracco, F, Bader, Mkm, Bae, S, Baird, J, Baker, Pt, Baldaccini, F, Ballardin, G, Ballmer, Sw, Bals, A, Banagiri, S, Barayoga, Jc, Barbieri, C, Barclay, Se, Barish, Bc, Barker, D, Barkett, K, Barnum, S, Barone, F, Barr, B, Barsotti, L, Barsuglia, M, Barta, D, Bartlett, J, Bartos, I, Bassiri, R, Basti, A, Bawaj, M, Bayley, Jc, Bazzan, M, Becsy, B, Bejger, M, Belahcene, I, Bell, A, Beniwal, D, Benjamin, Mg, Berger, Bk, Bergmann, G, Bernuzzi, S, Berry, Cpl, Bersanetti, D, Bertolini, A, Betzwieser, J, Bhandare, R, Bidler, J, Biggs, E, Bilenko, Ia, Bilgili, Sa, Billingsley, G, Birney, R, Birnholtz, O, Biscans, S, Bischi, M, Biscoveanu, S, Bisht, A, Bitossi, M, Bizouard, Ma, Blackburn, Jk, Blackman, J, Blair, Cd, Blair, Dg, Blair, Rm, Bloemen, S, Bobba, F, Bode, N, Boer, M, Boetzel, Y, Bogaert, G, Bondu, F, Bonnand, R, Booker, P, Boom, Ba, Bork, R, Boschi, V, Bose, S, Bossilkov, V, Bosveld, J, Bouffanais, Y, Bozzi, A, Bradaschia, C, Brady, Pr, Bramley, A, Branchesi, M, Brau, Je, Breschi, M, Briant, T, Briggs, Jh, Brighenti, F, Brillet, A, Brinkmann, M, Brockill, P, Brooks, Af, Brooks, J, Brown, Dd, Brunett, S, Buikema, A, Bulik, T, Bulten, Hj, Buonanno, A, Buskulic, D, Buy, C, Byer, Rl, Cabero, M, Cadonati, L, Cagnoli, G, Cahillane, C, Bustillo, Jc, Callister, Ta, Calloni, E, Camp, Jb, Campbell, Wa, Cannon, Kc, Cao, H, Cao, J, Carapella, G, Carbognani, F, Caride, S, Carney, Mf, Carullo, G, Diaz, Jc, Casentini, C, Caudill, S, Cavaglia, M, Cavalier, F, Cavalieri, R, Cella, G, Cerda-Duran, P, Cesarini, E, Chaibi, O, Chakravarti, K, Chamberlin, Sj, Chan, M, Chao, S, Charlton, P, Chase, Ea, Chassande-Mottin, E, Chatterjee, D, Chaturvedi, M, Cheeseboro, Bd, Chen, Hy, Chen, X, Chen, Y, Cheng, Hp, Cheong, Ck, Chia, Hy, Chiadini, F, Chincarini, A, Chiummo, A, Cho, G, Cho, H, Cho, M, Christensen, N, Chu, Q, Chua, S, Chung, Kw, Chung, S, Ciani, G, Cieslar, M, Ciobanu, Aa, Ciolfi, R, Cipriano, F, Cirone, A, Clara, F, Clark, Ja, Clearwater, P, Cleva, F, Coccia, E, Cohadon, Pf, Cohen, D, Colleoni, M, Collette, Cg, Collins, C, Colpi, M, Cominsky, Lr, Constancio, M, Conti, L, Cooper, Sj, Corban, P, Corbitt, Tr, Cordero-Carrion, I, Corezzi, S, Corley, Kr, Cornish, N, Corre, D, Corsi, A, Cortese, S, Costa, Ca, Cotesta, R, Coughlin, Mw, Coughlin, Sb, Coulon, Jp, Countryman, St, Couvares, P, Covas, Pb, Cowan, Ee, Coward, Dm, Cowart, Mj, Coyne, Dc, Coyne, R, Creighton, Jde, Creighton, Td, Cripe, J, Croquette, M, Crowder, Sg, Cullen, Tj, Cumming, A, Cunningham, L, Cuoco, E, Dal Canton, T, Dalya, G, D'Angelo, B, Danilishin, Sl, D'Antonio, S, Danzmann, K, Dasgupta, A, Costa, Cfd, Datrier, Leh, Dattilo, V, Dave, I, Davier, M, Davis, D, Daw, Ej, Debra, D, Deenadayalan, M, Degallaix, J, De Laurentis, M, Deleglise, S, Del Pozzo, W, Demarchi, Lm, Demos, N, Dent, T, De Pietri, R, De Rosa, R, De Rossi, C, Desalvo, R, de Varona, O, Dhurandhar, S, Diaz, Mc, Dietrich, T, Di Fiore, L, Difronzo, C, Di Giorgio, C, Di Giovanni, F, Di Giovanni, M, Di Girolamo, T, Di Lieto, A, Ding, B, Di Pace, S, Di Palma, I, Di Renzo, F, Divakarla, Ak, Dmitriev, A, Doctor, Z, Donovan, F, Dooley, Kl, Doravari, S, Dorrington, I, Downes, Tp, Drago, M, Driggers, Jc, Du, Z, Ducoin, Jg, Dupej, P, Durante, O, Dwyer, Se, Easter, Pj, Eddolls, G, Edo, Tb, Effler, A, Ehrens, P, Eichholz, J, Eikenberry, S, Eisenmann, M, Eisenstein, Ra, Errico, L, Essick, Rc, Estelles, H, Estevez, D, Etienne, Zb, Etzel, T, Evans, M, Evans, Tm, Fafone, V, Fairhurst, S, Fan, X, Farinon, S, Farr, B, Farr, Wm, Fauchon-Jones, Ej, Favata, M, Fays, M, Fazio, M, Fee, C, Feicht, J, Fejer, Mm, Feng, F, Fernandez-Galiana, A, Ferrante, I, Ferreira, Ec, Ferreira, Ta, Fidecaro, F, Fiori, I, Fiorucci, D, Fishbach, M, Fisher, Rp, Fishner, Jm, Fittipaldi, R, Fitz-Axen, M, Fiumara, V, Flaminio, R, Fletcher, M, Floden, E, Flynn, E, Fong, H, Font, Ja, Forsyth, Pwf, Fournier, Jd, Vivanco, Fh, Frasca, S, Frasconi, F, Frei, Z, Freise, A, Frey, R, Frey, V, Fritschel, P, Frolov, Vv, Fronze, G, Fulda, P, Fyffe, M, Gabbard, Ha, Gadre, Bu, Gaebel, Sm, Gair, Jr, Gammaitoni, L, Gaonkar, Sg, Garcia-Quiros, C, Garufi, F, Gateley, B, Gaudio, S, Gaur, G, Gayathri, V, Gemme, G, Genin, E, Gennai, A, George, D, George, J, Gergely, L, Ghonge, S, Ghosh, A, Ghosh, S, Giacomazzo, B, Giaime, Ja, Giardina, Kd, Gibson, Dr, Gill, K, Glover, L, Gniesmer, J, Godwin, P, Goetz, E, Goetz, R, Goncharov, B, Gonzalez, G, Castro, Jmg, Gopakumar, A, Gossan, Se, Gosselin, M, Gouaty, R, Grace, B, Grado, A, Granata, M, Grant, A, Gras, S, Grassia, P, Gray, C, Gray, R, Greco, G, Green, Ac, Green, R, Gretarsson, Em, Grimaldi, A, Grimm, Sj, Groot, P, Grote, H, Grunewald, S, Gruning, P, Guidi, Gm, Gulati, Hk, Guo, Y, Gupta, A, Gupta, P, Gustafson, Ek, Gustafson, R, Haegel, L, Halim, O, Hall, Br, Hall, Ed, Hamilton, Ez, Hammond, G, Haney, M, Hanke, Mm, Hanks, J, Hanna, C, Hannuksela, Oa, Hansen, Tj, Hanson, J, Harder, T, Hardwick, T, Haris, K, Harms, J, Harry, Gm, Harry, Iw, Hasskew, Rk, Haster, Cj, Haughian, K, Hayes, Fj, Healy, J, Heidmann, A, Heintze, Mc, Heitmann, H, Hellman, F, Hello, P, Hemming, G, Hendry, M, Heng, I, Hennig, J, Heurs, M, Hild, S, Hinderer, T, Hochheim, S, Hofman, D, Holgado, Am, Holland, Na, Holt, K, Holz, De, Hopkins, P, Horst, C, Hough, J, Howell, Ej, Hoy, Cg, Huang, Y, Hubner, Mt, Huerta, Ea, Huet, D, Hughey, B, Hui, V, Husa, S, Huttner, Sh, Huynh-Dinh, T, Idzkowski, B, Iess, A, Inchauspe, H, Ingram, C, Inta, R, Intini, G, Irwin, B, Isa, Hn, Isac, Jm, Isi, M, Iyer, Br, Jacqmin, T, Jadhav, Sj, Jani, K, Janthalur, Nn, Jaranowski, P, Jariwala, D, Jenkins, Ac, Jiang, J, Johnson, D, Jones, Aw, Jones, Di, Jones, Jd, Jones, R, Jonker, Rjg, Ju, L, Junker, J, Kalaghatgi, Cv, Kalogera, V, Kamai, B, Kandhasamy, S, Kang, G, Kanner, Jb, Kapadia, Sj, Karki, S, Kashyap, R, Kasprzack, M, Katsanevas, S, Katsavounidis, E, Katzman, W, Kaufer, S, Kawabe, K, Keerthana, Nv, Kefelian, F, Keitel, D, Kennedy, R, Key, J, Khalili, Fy, Khan, I, Khan, S, Khazanov, Ea, Khetan, N, Khursheed, M, Kijbunchoo, N, Kim, C, Kim, Jc, Kim, K, Kim, W, Kim, Ym, Kimball, C, King, Pj, Kinley-Hanlon, M, Kirchhoff, R, Kissel, J, Kleybolte, L, Klika, Jh, Klimenko, S, Knowles, Td, Koch, P, Koehlenbeck, Sm, Koekoek, G, Koley, S, Kondrashov, V, Kontos, A, Koper, N, Korobko, M, Korth, Wz, Kovalam, M, Kozak, Db, Kramer, C, Kringel, V, Krishnendu, N, Krolak, A, Krupinski, N, Kuehn, G, Kumar, A, Kumar, P, Kumar, R, Kuo, L, Kutynia, A, Kwang, S, Lackey, Bd, Laghi, D, Lai, Kh, Lam, Tl, Landry, M, Lane, Bb, Lang, Rn, Lange, J, Lantz, B, Lanza, Rk, Lartaux-Vollard, A, Lasky, Pd, Laxen, M, Lazzarini, A, Lazzaro, C, Leaci, P, Leavey, S, Lecoeuche, K, Lee, Ch, Lee, Hk, Lee, Hm, Lee, Hw, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lehmann, J, Lenon, Ak, Leroy, N, Letendre, N, Levin, Y, Li, A, Li, J, Li, Kjl, Li, Tgf, Li, X, Lin, F, Linde, F, Linker, Sd, Littenberg, Tb, Liu, J, Liu, X, Llorens-Monteagudo, M, Lo, Rkl, London, Lt, Longo, A, Lorenzini, M, Loriette, V, Lormand, M, Losurdo, G, Lough, Jd, Lousto, Co, Lovelace, G, Lower, Me, Luck, H, Lumaca, D, Lundgren, Ap, Lynch, R, Ma, Y, Macas, R, Macfoy, S, Macinnis, M, Macleod, Dm, Macquet, A, Hernandez, Im, Magana-Sandoval, F, Magee, Rm, Majorana, E, Maksimovic, I, Malik, A, Man, N, Mandic, V, Mangano, V, Mansell, Gl, Manske, M, Mantovani, M, Mapelli, M, Marchesoni, F, Marion, F, Marka, S, Marka, Z, Markakis, C, Markosyan, A, Markowitz, A, Maros, E, Marquina, A, Marsat, S, Martelli, F, Martin, Iw, Martin, Rm, Martinez, V, Martynov, Dv, Masalehdan, H, Mason, K, Massera, E, Masserot, A, Massinger, Tj, Masso-Reid, M, Mastrogiovanni, S, Matas, A, Matichard, F, Matone, L, Mavalvala, N, Mccann, Jj, Mccarthy, R, Mcclelland, De, Mccormick, S, Mcculler, L, Mcguire, Sc, Mcisaac, C, Mciver, J, Mcmanus, Dj, Mcrae, T, Mcwilliams, St, Meacher, D, Meadors, Gd, Mehmet, M, Mehta, Ak, Meidam, J, Villa, Em, Melatos, A, Mendell, G, Mercer, Ra, Mereni, L, Merfeld, K, Merilh, El, Merzougui, M, Meshkov, S, Messenger, C, Messick, C, Messina, F, Metzdorff, R, Meyers, Pm, Meylahn, F, Miani, A, Miao, H, Michel, C, Middleton, H, Milano, L, Miller, L, Millhouse, M, Mills, Jc, Milovich-Goff, Mc, Minazzoli, O, Minenkov, Y, Mishkin, A, Mishra, C, Mistry, T, Mitra, S, Mitrofanov, Vp, Mitselmakher, G, Mittleman, R, Mo, G, Moffa, D, Mogushi, K, Mohapatra, Srp, Molina-Ruiz, M, Mondin, M, Montani, M, Moore, Cj, Moraru, D, Morawski, F, Moreno, G, Morisaki, S, Mours, B, Mow-Lowry, M, Muciaccia, F, Mukherjee, A, Mukherjee, D, Mukherjee, S, Mukund, N, Mullavey, A, Munch, J, Muniz, Ea, Muratore, M, Murray, Pg, Nagar, A, Nardecchia, I, Naticchioni, L, Nayak, Rk, Neil, Bf, Neilson, J, Nelemans, G, Nelson, Tjn, Nery, M, Neunzert, A, Nevin, L, Ng, Ky, Ng, S, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, P, Nichols, D, Nichols, Sa, Nissanke, S, Nocera, F, North, C, Nuttall, Lk, Obergaulinger, M, Oberling, J, O'Brien, Bd, Oganesyan, G, Ogin, Gh, Oh, Jj, Oh, Sh, Ohme, F, Ohta, H, Okada, Ma, Oliver, M, Oppermann, P, Oram, Rj, O'Reilly, B, Ormiston, Rg, Ortega, Lf, O'Shaughnessy, R, Ossokine, S, Ottaway, Dj, Overmier, H, Owen, Bj, Pace, Ae, Pagano, G, Page, Ma, Pagliaroli, G, Pai, A, Pai, Sa, Palamos, Jr, Palashov, O, Palomba, C, Pan, H, Panda, Pk, Pang, Pth, Pankow, C, Pannarale, F, Pant, Bc, Paoletti, F, Paoli, A, Parida, A, Parker, W, Pascucci, D, Pasqualetti, A, Passaquieti, R, Passuello, D, Patil, M, Patricelli, B, Payne, E, Pearlstone, Bl, Pechsiri, Tc, Pedersen, Aj, Pedraza, M, Pedurand, R, Pele, A, Penn, S, Perego, A, Perez, Cj, Perigois, C, Perreca, A, Petermann, J, Pfeiffer, Hp, Phelps, M, Phukon, K, Piccinni, Oj, Pichot, M, Piergiovanni, F, Pierro, V, Pillant, G, Pinard, L, Pinto, Im, Pirello, M, Pitkin, M, Plastino, W, Pong, Dyt, Ponrathnam, S, Popolizio, P, Porter, Ek, Powell, J, Prajapati, Ak, Prasad, J, Prasai, K, Prasanna, R, Pratten, G, Prestegard, T, Principe, M, Prodi, Ga, Prokhorov, L, Punturo, M, Puppo, P, Purrer, M, Qi, H, Quetschke, V, Quinonez, Pj, Raab, Fj, Raaijmakers, G, Radkins, H, Radulesco, N, Raffai, P, Raja, S, Rajan, C, Rajbhandari, B, Rakhmanov, M, Ramirez, Ke, Ramos-Buades, A, Rana, J, Rao, K, Rapagnani, P, Raymond, V, Razzano, M, Read, J, Regimbau, T, Rei, L, Reid, S, Reitze, Dh, Rettegno, P, Ricci, F, Richardson, Cj, Richardson, Jw, Ricker, Pm, Riemenschneider, G, Riles, K, Rizzo, M, Robertson, Na, Robinet, F, Rocchi, A, Rolland, L, Rollins, Jg, Roma, Vj, Romanelli, M, Romano, R, Romel, Cl, Romie, Jh, Rose, Ca, Rose, D, Rose, K, Rosinska, D, Rosofsky, Sg, Ross, Mp, Rowan, S, Rudiger, A, Ruggi, P, Rutins, G, Ryan, K, Sachdev, S, Sadecki, T, Sakellariadou, M, Salafia, O, Salconi, L, Saleem, M, Samajdar, A, Sammut, L, Sanchez, Ej, Sanchez, Le, Sanchis-Gual, N, Sanders, Jr, Santiago, Ka, Santos, E, Sarin, N, Sassolas, B, Saulson, Pr, Sauter, O, Savage, Rl, Schale, P, Scheel, M, Scheuer, J, Schmidt, P, Schnabel, R, Schofield, Rm, Schonbeck, A, Schreiber, E, Schulte, Bw, Schutz, Bf, Scott, J, Scott, Sm, Seidel, E, Sellers, D, Sengupta, A, Sennett, N, Sentenac, D, Sequino, V, Sergeev, A, Setyawati, Y, Shaddock, Da, Shaffer, T, Shahriar, M, Shaner, Mb, Sharma, A, Sharma, P, Shawhan, P, Shen, H, Shink, R, Shoemaker, Dh, Shoemaker, Dm, Shukla, K, Shyamsundar, S, Siellez, K, Sieniawska, M, Sigg, D, Singer, Lp, Singh, D, Singh, N, Singhal, A, Sintes, Am, Sitmukhambetov, S, Skliris, V, Slagmolen, Bjj, Slaven-Blair, Tj, Smith, Jr, Smith, Rje, Somala, S, Son, Ej, Soni, S, Sorazu, B, Sorrentino, F, Souradeep, T, Sowell, E, Spencer, Ap, Spera, M, Srivastava, Ak, Srivastava, V, Staats, K, Stachie, C, Standke, M, Steer, Da, Steinke, M, Steinlechner, J, Steinlechner, S, Steinmeyer, D, Stevenson, Sp, Stocks, D, Stone, R, Stops, Dj, Strain, Ka, Stratta, G, Strigin, Se, Strunk, A, Sturani, R, Stuver, Al, Sudhir, V, Summerscales, Tz, Sun, L, Sunil, S, Sur, A, Suresh, J, Sutton, Pj, Swinkels, Bl, Szczepanczyk, Mj, Tacca, M, Tait, Sc, Talbot, C, Tanner, Db, Tao, D, Tapai, M, Tapia, A, Tasson, Jd, Taylor, R, Tenorio, R, Terkowski, L, Thomas, M, Thomas, P, Thondapu, Sr, Thorne, Ka, Thrane, E, Tiwari, S, Tiwari, V, Toland, K, Tonelli, M, Tornasi, Z, Torres-Forne, A, Torrie, Ci, Toyra, D, Travasso, F, Traylor, G, Tringali, Mc, Tripathee, A, Trovato, A, Trozzo, L, Tsang, Kw, Tse, M, Tso, R, Tsukada, L, Tsuna, D, Tsutsui, T, Tuyenbayev, D, Ueno, K, Ugolini, D, Unnikrishnan, C, Urban, Al, Usman, Sa, Vahlbruch, H, Vajente, G, Valdes, G, Valentini, M, van Bakel, N, van Beuzekom, M, van den Brand, Jfj, Van Den Broeck, C, Vander-Hyde, Dc, van der Schaaf, L, Vanheijningen, Jv, van Veggel, Aa, Vardaro, M, Varma, V, Vass, S, Vasuth, M, Vecchio, A, Vedovato, G, Veitch, J, Veitch, Pj, Venkateswara, K, Venugopalan, G, Verkindt, D, Vetrano, F, Vicere, A, Viets, Ad, Vinciguerra, S, Vine, Dj, Vinet, Jy, Vitale, S, Vo, T, Vocca, H, Vorvick, C, Vyatchanin, Sp, Wade, Ar, Wade, Le, Wade, M, Walet, R, Walker, M, Wallace, L, Walsh, S, Wang, H, Wang, Jz, Wang, S, Wang, Wh, Wang, Yf, Ward, Rl, Warden, Za, Warner, J, Was, M, Watchi, J, Weaver, B, Wei, Lw, Weinert, M, Weinstein, Aj, Weiss, R, Wellmann, F, Wen, L, Wessel, K, Wessels, P, Westhouse, Jw, Wette, K, Whelan, Jt, Whiting, Bf, Whittle, C, Wilken, Dm, Williams, D, Williamson, Ar, Willis, Jl, Willke, B, Winkler, W, Wipf, Cc, Wittel, H, Woan, G, Woehler, J, Wofford, Jk, Wright, Jl, Wu, D, Wysocki, Dm, Xiao, S, Xu, R, Yamamoto, H, Yancey, Cc, Yang, L, Yang, Y, Yang, Z, Yap, Mj, Yazback, M, Yeeles, Dw, Yu, H, Yu, Hc, Yuen, Shr, Zadrozny, Ak, Zadrozny, A, Zanolin, M, Zelenova, T, Zendri, Jp, Zevin, M, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zhang, T, Zhao, C, Zhao, G, Zhou, M, Zhou, Z, Zhu, Xj, Zimmerman, Ab, Zucker, Me, Zweizig, J, (Astro)-Particles Physics, Arzoumanian, Z, Bogdanov, S, Cognard, I, Corongiu, A, Enoto, T, Freire, P, Gendreau, Kc, Guillemot, L, Harding, Ak, Jankowski, F, Keith, Mj, Kerr, M, Lyne, A, Palfreyman, J, Possenti, A, Ridolfi, A, Stappers, B, Theureau, G, Weltervrede, P, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
Known Pulsars, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Table (information), Vela, gravitational waves, pulsars, 01 natural sciences, Pulsar, 0103 physical sciences, Limit (mathematics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, gravitational wave, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Gravitational wave, Two Harmonics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Gravitational Waves, Known Pulsars, Two Harmonics, Erratum, LIGO, Amplitude, Space and Planetary Science, Erratum, Glitch (astronomy), [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Two analysis errors have been identified that affect the results for a handful of the high-value pulsars given in Table 1 of Abbott et al. (2019). One affects the Bayesian analysis for the five pulsars that glitched during the analysis period, and the other affects the 5n-vector analysis for J0711-6830. Updated results after correcting the errors are shown in Table 1, which now supersedes the results given for those pulsars in Table 1 of Abbott et al. (2019). Updated versions of figures can be seen in Figures 1-4. Bayesian analysis.-For the glitching pulsars, the signal phase evolution caused by the glitch was wrongly applied twice and was therefore not consistent with our expected model of the pulsar phase. This error did not affect the F/G-statistic or 5n-vector analysis. Analyses of the five pulsars PSR J0205+6449, PSR J0534+2200, PSR J0835-4510, PSR J1028-5819, and PSR J1718-3825 have been repeated after correcting for the error. There are small quantitative differences in the results, but the changes do not affect the main conclusions of the paper. The largest differences are for PSR J0835-4510 (the Vela pulsar), for which the updated upper limits from the Bayesian method are found to be between 1.1 and 2 times larger than those obtained when the error was present. This appears primarily to be due to the error leading to the decohering of a strong spectral line in the LIGO Livingston detector and thus lowering the amplitude limit. 5n-vector analysis.-An error was also identified in the settings of the 5n-vector analysis, which affected the upper limit computation at the rotation frequency for C21 95% of J0711-6830. Specifically, we found an incorrect choice for the range of amplitudes used to inject simulated signals in the O2 data. The updated upper limit is about 2.5 times worse than that obtained when the error was present. This error did not affect the Bayesian or F/G-statistic results. (Table Presented) (Figure Presented).

Published
2020
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11. Efficient Gravitational-wave Glitch Identification from Environmental Data Through Machine Learning

Author

Zsuzsa Márka, Imre Bartos, R. Colgan, K. Rainer Corley, Yenson Lau, John Wright, and Szabolcs Marka

Subjects
Data stream, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Machine learning, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, 0103 physical sciences, Sensitivity (control systems), 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, business.industry, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Order (ring theory), LIGO, Glitch, Noise, Artificial intelligence, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, computer
Abstract

The LIGO observatories detect gravitational waves through monitoring changes in the detectors' length down to below ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}19}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{m}/\sqrt{\mathrm{Hz}}$ variations---a small fraction of the size of the atoms that make up the detector. To achieve this sensitivity, the detector and its environment need to be closely monitored. Beyond the gravitational-wave data stream, LIGO continuously records hundreds of thousands of channels of environmental and instrumental data in order to monitor for possibly minuscule variations that contribute to the detector noise. A particularly challenging issue is the appearance in the gravitational wave signal of brief, loud noise artifacts called ``glitches,'' which are environmental or instrumental in origin but can mimic true gravitational waves and therefore hinder sensitivity. Currently, they are primarily identified by analysis of the gravitational-wave data stream, and auxiliary data channels often provide corroborating evidence. Here we present a machine learning approach that can identify glitches by considering all environmental and detector data channels, a task that has not previously been pursued due to its scale and the number of degrees of freedom within gravitational-wave detectors. The presented method is capable of reducing the gravitational-wave detector network's false alarm rate and improving the LIGO instruments, consequently enhancing detection confidence.

Published
2019

12. All-sky search for continuous gravitational waves from isolated neutron stars using Advanced LIGO O2 data

Author

P. G. Murray, Fabien Kéfélian, J. H. Hough, P. W. F. Forsyth, S. R. Thondapu, J. R. Palamos, Michele Zanolin, D. B. Kozak, T. J. Massinger, T. Vo, L. Xiao, D. Stocks, V. Kalogera, C. Vorvick, G. D. Hammond, Javed Rana, Martin Obergaulinger, Nicolas Sanchis-Gual, P. Weßels, L. Kuo, H. Yamamoto, J. C. Driggers, A. Schönbeck, B. Rajbhandari, Daniel Wysocki, J. Prasad, Steven Bloemen, Zhihui Du, Jonathan R. Gair, G. Ciani, N. A. Lockerbie, Carlos O. Lousto, C. North, Thomas Dent, P. Corban, A. Parida, S. S. Eikenberry, James Whelan, P. Ajith, Jordan Camp, Rosa Poggiani, N. V. Keerthana, Marco Romanelli, V. Frey, A. K. Mehta, P. Fulda, T. Hardwick, D. Steinmeyer, S. Farinon, A. Pele, G. Koekoek, P. Raffai, A. J. Weinstein, M. Bawaj, J. Hanks, G. D. O'Dea, S. E. Barclay, J. L. Willis, M. Eisenmann, Ofek Birnholtz, Charalampos Markakis, Bruno Giacomazzo, M. P. Ross, T. B. Edo, Nicholas Demos, J. D. Lough, Soma Mukherjee, J. Suresh, Maximiliano Isi, B. D. Lackey, Miftar Ganija, D. Huet, S. H. Huttner, Samuele Cortese, M. Haney, B. L. Swinkels, M. Croquette, S. Sitmukhambetov, Eric Howell, S. Leavey, Hai-Ping Cheng, A. Iess, S. Penn, G. L. Mansell, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, O. Halim, F. Cleva, Andrew Melatos, M. Lorenzini, V. Boschi, R. J. G. Jonker, Jay D. Tasson, F. Lin, Tania Regimbau, Piotr Jaranowski, S. B. Anderson, Archisman Ghosh, C. C. Yancey, L. K. Nuttall, O. Dorosh, R. Macas, G. Billingsley, S. Macfoy, T. A. Callister, N. Kijbunchoo, Mairi Sakellariadou, J. H. Briggs, Mark Hannam, F. Thies, G. Greco, D. Moraru, Gianpietro Cagnoli, A. C. Green, E. M. Gretarsson, Ying Guo, D. Beniwal, Peter Fritschel, Wenxiao Wang, Tim Dietrich, Charlie Hoy, G. Rutins, Tanja Hinderer, A. Strunk, K. W. Tsang, P. Booker, L. Trozzo, Albert Lazzarini, R. Pedurand, Benno Willke, C. D. Booth, Giuseppe Intini, M. Landry, L. Di Fiore, B. Mours, C. Austin, Graham Woan, Robert L. Byer, W. G. Anderson, P. Grassia, Kipp Cannon, M. Steinke, Stuart Reid, F. J. Hayes, A. Samajdar, M. Masso-Reid, J. Jiang, M. Drago, Guenakh Mitselmakher, Jade Powell, V. Mangano, Sheelu Abraham, P. T.H. Pang, Fausto Acernese, S. Appert, Y. Setyawati, A. Giazotto, V. Dattilo, Stefan Hild, Y. Ma, C. Cahillane, J. Hennig, G. Cella, K. Rao, Podila Satya Venkata Narasimha Sharma, D. M. Wilken, B. P. Abbott, E. K. Gustafson, P. Shawhan, I. Ferrante, Chris A. Collins, R. Gray, S. H. R. Yuen, O. de Varona, Rico K. L. Lo, P. Charlton, C. Gray, G. H. Ogin, J. Liu, H. K. Gulati, David H. Reitze, Rahul Kashyap, B. A. Boom, A. M. Sergeev, Jacob Scheuer, M. Rakhmanov, Zachariah B. Etienne, Jennifer Watchi, G. Pagano, J.-P. Zendri, Bernard F. Schutz, Li Ju, Daniel A. Shaddock, Brittany Kamai, M. Barsuglia, K. Chatziioannou, T. J. Shaffer, Y. Bouffanais, C. V. Kalaghatgi, J. Hanson, Kejia Lee, A. M. Holgado, K. G. Arun, S. V. Angelova, M. Fitz-Axen, P. Bacon, Daniel E. Holz, M. Mantovani, Hyang Woon Lee, A. Grant, Debnandini Mukherjee, S. Doravari, G. Weldon, Christopher P. L. Berry, A. D. Silva, Sanjay Kumar, Jianfang Wang, T. P. Downes, Sascha Husa, G. Venugopalan, D.B. DeBra, A. K. Zadrożny, H. Estelles, G. Mo, V. Sequino, C. J. Richardson, Tenglin Li, C. Buy, Yuri Levin, I. Kowalska, D. Estevez, Rana X. Adhikari, F. Donovan, S. C. Tait, Alejandro Torres-Forné, K. Siellez, T. Etzel, A. Chiummo, A. Miller, V. Gayathri, S. Walsh, Miriam Cabero, Alessandra Buonanno, A. Allocca, Hang Yu, S. Vass, P. Puppo, Zifan Zhou, N. Letendre, S. Mastrogiovanni, L. E. Sanchez, R. K. Lanza, P. Dupej, R. Coyne, P. Ciecielag, R. Kennedy, C. S. Unnikrishnan, I. A. Bilenko, L. Haegel, David J. Ottaway, M. Tse, J. Derby, D. M. Macleod, K. A. Thorne, Isabel Cordero-Carrión, M. Brinkmann, D. Buskulic, M. H. Wimmer, A. Effler, L. Zhang, Fabrice Matichard, G. Giordano, J. H. Klika, O. Sauter, A. Cirone, Hyun Lee, Enrico Calloni, Eric B. Flynn, M. Pedraza, G. Traylor, B. Irwin, Marie-Anne Bizouard, J. N. Leviton, S. Márka, D. Pascucci, S. Antier, Samaya Nissanke, B. K. Berger, P. J. Veitch, Geoffrey Lovelace, J. Neilson, R. Metzdorff, Gabrielle Allen, Luca Gammaitoni, J.-M. Isac, M. Chan, O. J. Piccinni, M. Boer, J. B. Kanner, E. A. Huerta, B. Gateley, Nikhil Sarin, C. F. Da Silva Costa, D. Lumaca, Thomas Corbitt, C. Bradaschia, Aaron Buikema, L. Salconi, C. A. Costa, C. C. Wipf, S. A. Usman, Roman Schnabel, Matthew Evans, E. K. Wessel, S. E. Dwyer, David Keitel, B. Patricelli, E. Capocasa, Christian Pedersen, L. Pinard, V. Tiwari, Lloyd Paul Aiello, N. V. Krishnendu, P. Kumar, C. Affeldt, N. Sennett, B. Lantz, F. Cavalier, R. Taylor, Kenneth A. Strain, Jimin George, P. T. Baker, R. Goetz, J. Calderón Bustillo, P. A. Altin, E. J. King, H. Fong, J. E. Brau, A. A. van Veggel, Bala R. Iyer, M. Merzougui, B. R. Hall, G. Vedovato, S. J. Cooper, Nergis Mavalvala, Jerome Degallaix, D. S. Wu, Margaret Millhouse, B. C. Pant, C. Casentini, F. Robinet, E. Bonilla, Q. Chu, M. Bejger, M. Sieniawska, K. Mason, Brynmor Haskell, Tarun Souradeep, M. Yvert, R. M. S. Schofield, C. L. Romel, Efim A. Khazanov, G. Ballardin, M. J. Cowart, Gregory Ashton, K. Chakravarti, S. D'Antonio, A. L. Stuver, D. Barker, B. Sassolas, Gregorio Carullo, S. McCormick, A. Lartaux-Vollard, A. Ain, R. J. Trudeau, M. Oliver, W. Z. Korth, Sebastian Khan, B. C. Barish, M. K. M. Bader, C. Fee, A. K. Srivastava, A. E. Pace, Kazuhiro Agatsuma, R. Inta, F. Marion, Frank Ohme, M. Tonelli, Benjamin J. Owen, M. A. Okada, Shubhanshu Tiwari, Fabio Marchesoni, Torrey Cullen, D. Tuyenbayev, T. Zhang, S. G. Gaonkar, Thibaut Jacqmin, G. Wang, J. F. J. van den Brand, S. Klimenko, Suvadeep Bose, E. Cesarini, L. Naticchioni, R. Gouaty, E. C. Ferreira, Salvatore Vitale, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, Sourav Ghosh, D. C. Vander-Hyde, A. Brillet, O. Chaibi, Imre Bartos, A. Basti, Ryan N. Lang, John A. Clark, Ben Farr, S. Sunil, M. Tacca, Martin Hendry, Cecilio García-Quirós, S. Hochheim, S. Frasca, S. Ponrathnam, S. Mitra, F. Garufi, M. Standke, D. J. McManus, Otto A. Hannuksela, C. I. Torrie, N. A. Robertson, Kyungmin Kim, Debarati Chatterjee, B. O'Reilly, P. Gruning, L. Matone, D. Rosińska, Patrice Hello, M. C. Díaz, Z. Márka, N. Bode, David Jones, Kevin Barkett, S. A. Bilgili, S. Karki, J. Birch, S. Bae, E. A. Chase, Z. Frei, Jonathan Richardson, W. S. Kim, Christophe Collette, H. Qi, E. Coccia, L. Magaña Zertuche, C. J. Perez, S. Caride, Lili Yang, V. Germain, Antonios Kontos, A. L. Urban, B. D. O'Brien, A. Kumar, I. Dorrington, Haixing Miao, H. Ohta, Marco Cavaglia, Surendra Nadh Somala, Y. K. Lecoeuche, D. Bersanetti, D. Ugolini, G. M. Harry, S. D. Linker, Tristan Briant, J. G. Bartlett, Haocun Yu, M. Saleem, P. Clearwater, Junwei Cao, C. Horst, Y. Boetzel, J.-D. Fournier, T. Sadecki, Philip F. Hopkins, L. Sun, M. Branchesi, S. Chua, M. E. Zucker, C. Graef, B. A. Weaver, J. G. Rollins, Kai Staats, V. Quetschke, Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash, L.-W. Wei, Shawn Rosofsky, I. Di Palma, W. A. Campbell, N. N. Janthalur, K. Venkateswara, R. Cotesta, J. McIver, Mandar Patil, Abhirup Ghosh, V. Kringel, R. Robie, W. Ren, Douglas Davis, Geraint Pratten, H. Fair, Márton Tápai, Andrea Taracchini, David Jonathan Hofman, E. J. Fauchon-Jones, T. Di Girolamo, M. Lormand, S. Grunewald, R. Prasanna, M. B. Shaner, S. B. Coughlin, V. Fafone, A. W. Heptonstall, Pablo Cerdá-Durán, Vivien Raymond, Alberto Vecchio, J. M. Fishner, F. Martelli, D. Y. T. Pong, Marek Szczepanczyk, G. M. Guidi, M. Kasprzack, E. Massera, Martin M. Fejer, J. R. Smith, R. Bork, S. Ghonge, K. AultONeal, R. De Rosa, M. C. Tringali, I. Nardecchia, Robert J. McCarthy, Jessica Steinlechner, A. Neunzert, M. Heurs, Ik Siong Heng, Linqing Wen, Xin Chen, R. M. Martin, David A. Nichols, Peter R. Saulson, Karsten Danzmann, Robert Stone, Hua Wang, M. Chaturvedi, R. Tso, Yu Wang, J. J. Bero, Mark A. Scheel, D. J. Stops, F. Clara, Stephen Fairhurst, Carl Blair, J. S. H. Lee, L. Mereni, Will M. Farr, Patrick M. Koch, M. Montani, A. Rüdiger, Irene Fiori, Andrew Lundgren, A. Dmitriev, R. Passaquieti, G. A. Prodi, A. R. Williamson, Tyson Littenberg, J-Y. Vinet, Reed Essick, Felix Wellmann, J. Warner, S. Kandhasamy, B. Sorazu, C. Messenger, S. Banagiri, Archana Pai, Chandra Kant Mishra, R. Bhandare, Lee McCuller, N. Mazumder, Liam Cunningham, Francisco Hernandez Vivanco, Eric Thrane, Z. Tornasi, Daniele A. Steer, T. D. Abbott, A. Kutynia, Ryan Lynch, K. L. Dooley, G. Gemme, C. Rajan, T. L. Lam, Tomasz Bulik, Terry G. McRae, Nancy Aggarwal, Zahoor Ali Khan, Alessandro Longo, D. Fiorucci, Edward Seidel, F. Paoletti, S. Katsanevas, R. Flaminio, J.-P. Coulon, Andrea Chincarini, T. Z. Summerscales, Slawomir Gras, L. G. Prokhorov, Richard J. Oram, T. D. Creighton, J. Betzwieser, M. A. Aloy, S. Barnum, Xing-Jiang Zhu, Leopoldo Milano, S. W. S. Ng, Zoheyr Doctor, C. Michel, D. H. Shoemaker, S. Koley, James Healy, P. Brockill, François Bondu, L. Wallace, Madeline Wade, Antoine Heidmann, P. Leaci, Fangchen Feng, Marcus E. Lower, R. A. Eisenstein, B. J. J. Slagmolen, A. L. 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Gupta, A, Gupta, M, Gustafson, E, Gustafson, R, Haegel, L, Halim, O, Hall, B, Hall, E, Hamilton, E, Hammond, G, Haney, M, Hanke, M, Hanks, J, Hanna, C, Hannam, M, Hannuksela, O, Hanson, J, Hardwick, T, Haris, K, Harms, J, Harry, G, Harry, I, Haskell, B, Haster, C, Haughian, K, Hayes, F, Healy, J, Heidmann, A, Heintze, M, Heitmann, H, Hello, P, Hemming, G, Hendry, M, Heng, I, Hennig, J, Heptonstall, A, Hernandez Vivanco, F, Heurs, M, Hild, S, Hinderer, T, Hoak, D, Hochheim, S, Hofman, D, Holgado, A, Holland, N, Holt, K, Holz, D, Hopkins, P, Horst, C, Hough, J, Hourihane, S, Howell, E, Hoy, C, Hreibi, A, Huerta, E, Huet, D, Hughey, B, Hulko, M, Husa, S, Huttner, S, Huynh-Dinh, T, Idzkowski, B, Iess, A, Ingram, C, Inta, R, Intini, G, Irwin, B, Isa, H, Isac, J, Isi, M, Iyer, B, Izumi, K, Jacqmin, T, Jadhav, S, Jani, K, Janthalur, N, Jaranowski, P, Jenkins, A, Jiang, J, Johnson, D, Jones, A, Jones, D, Jones, R, Jonker, R, Ju, L, Junker, J, Kalaghatgi, C, Kalogera, V, Kamai, B, Kandhasamy, S, Kang, G, Kanner, J, Kapadia, S, Karki, S, Karvinen, K, Kashyap, R, Kasprzack, M, Katsanevas, S, Katsavounidis, E, Katzman, W, Kaufer, S, Kawabe, K, Keerthana, N, Kéfélian, F, Keitel, D, Kennedy, R, Key, J, Khalili, F, Khan, H, Khan, I, Khan, S, Khan, Z, Khazanov, E, Khursheed, M, Kijbunchoo, N, Kim, C, Kim, J, Kim, K, Kim, W, Kim, Y, Kimball, C, King, E, King, P, Kinley-Hanlon, M, Kirchhoff, R, Kissel, J, Kleybolte, L, Klika, J, Klimenko, S, Knowles, T, Koch, P, Koehlenbeck, S, Koekoek, G, Koley, S, Kondrashov, V, Kontos, A, Koper, N, Korobko, M, Korth, W, Kowalska, I, Kozak, D, Kringel, V, Krishnendu, N, Królak, A, Kuehn, G, Kumar, A, Kumar, P, Kumar, R, Kumar, S, Kuo, L, Kutynia, A, Kwang, S, Lackey, B, Lai, K, Lam, T, Landry, M, Lane, B, Lang, R, Lange, J, Lantz, B, Lanza, R, Lartaux-Vollard, A, Lasky, P, Laxen, M, Lazzarini, A, Lazzaro, C, Leaci, P, Leavey, S, Lecoeuche, Y, Lee, C, Lee, H, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lehmann, J, Lenon, A, Leroy, N, Letendre, N, Levin, Y, Leviton, J, Li, J, Li, K, Li, T, Li, X, Lin, F, Linde, F, Linker, S, Littenberg, T, Liu, J, Liu, X, Lo, R, Lockerbie, N, London, L, Longo, A, Lorenzini, M, Loriette, V, Lormand, M, Losurdo, G, Lough, J, Lousto, C, Lovelace, G, Lower, M, Lück, H, Lumaca, D, Lundgren, A, Lynch, R, Ma, Y, Macas, R, Macfoy, S, Macinnis, M, Macleod, D, Macquet, A, Magaña-Sandoval, F, Magaña Zertuche, L, Magee, R, Majorana, E, Maksimovic, I, Malik, A, Man, N, Mandic, V, Mangano, V, Mansell, G, Manske, M, Mantovani, M, Marchesoni, F, Marion, F, Márka, S, Márka, Z, Markakis, C, Markosyan, A, Markowitz, A, Maros, E, Marquina, A, Marsat, S, Martelli, F, Martin, I, Martin, R, Martynov, D, Mason, K, Massera, E, Masserot, A, Massinger, T, Masso-Reid, M, Mastrogiovanni, S, Matas, A, Matichard, F, Matone, L, Mavalvala, N, Mazumder, N, Mccann, J, Mccarthy, R, Mcclelland, D, Mccormick, S, Mcculler, L, Mcguire, S, Mciver, J, Mcmanus, D, Mcrae, T, Mcwilliams, S, Meacher, D, Meadors, G, Mehmet, M, Mehta, A, Meidam, J, Melatos, A, Mendell, 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Pace, A, Pagano, G, Page, M, Pai, A, Pai, S, Palamos, J, Palashov, O, Palomba, C, Pal-Singh, A, Pan, H, Pang, B, Pang, P, Pankow, C, Pannarale, F, Pant, B, Paoletti, F, Paoli, A, Parida, A, Parker, W, Pascucci, D, Pasqualetti, A, Passaquieti, R, Passuello, D, Patil, M, Patricelli, B, Pearlstone, B, Pedersen, C, Pedraza, M, Pedurand, R, Pele, A, Penn, S, Perez, C, Perreca, A, Pfeiffer, H, Phelps, M, Phukon, K, Piccinni, O, Pichot, M, Piergiovanni, F, Pillant, G, Pinard, L, Pirello, M, Pitkin, M, Poggiani, R, Pong, D, Ponrathnam, S, Popolizio, P, Porter, E, Powell, J, Prajapati, A, Prasad, J, Prasai, K, Prasanna, R, Pratten, G, Prestegard, T, Privitera, S, Prodi, G, Prokhorov, L, Puncken, O, Punturo, M, Puppo, P, Pürrer, M, Qi, H, Quetschke, V, Quinonez, P, Quintero, E, Quitzow-James, R, Raab, F, Radkins, H, Radulescu, N, Raffai, P, Raja, S, Rajan, C, Rajbhandari, B, Rakhmanov, M, Ramirez, K, Ramos-Buades, A, Rana, J, Rao, K, Rapagnani, P, Raymond, V, Razzano, M, Read, J, Regimbau, T, Rei, L, Reid, S, Reitze, D, Ren, W, Ricci, F, Richardson, C, Richardson, J, Ricker, P, Riles, K, Rizzo, M, Robertson, N, Robie, R, Robinet, F, Rocchi, A, Rolland, L, Rollins, J, Roma, V, Romanelli, M, Romano, R, Romel, C, Romie, J, Rose, K, Rosińska, D, Rosofsky, S, Ross, M, Rowan, S, Rüdiger, A, Ruggi, P, Rutins, G, Ryan, K, Sachdev, S, Sadecki, T, Sakellariadou, M, Salconi, L, Saleem, M, Samajdar, A, Sammut, L, Sanchez, E, Sanchez, L, Sanchis-Gual, N, Sandberg, V, Sanders, J, Santiago, K, Sarin, N, Sassolas, B, Sathyaprakash, B, Saulson, P, Sauter, O, Savage, R, Schale, P, Scheel, M, Scheuer, J, Schmidt, P, Schnabel, R, Schofield, R, Schönbeck, A, Schreiber, E, Schulte, B, Schutz, B, Schwalbe, S, Scott, J, Scott, S, Seidel, E, Sellers, D, Sengupta, A, Sennett, N, Sentenac, D, Sequino, V, Sergeev, A, Setyawati, Y, Shaddock, D, Shaffer, T, Shahriar, M, Shaner, M, Shao, L, Sharma, P, Shawhan, P, Shen, H, Shink, R, Shoemaker, D, Shyamsundar, S, Siellez, K, Sieniawska, M, Sigg, D, Silva, 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(Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB [Collège de France]), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), LIGO Scientific, Virgo, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Collège de France (CdF)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ESPCI ParisTech, The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abraham, S., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Allen, G., Allocca, A., Aloy, M. A., Altin, P. A., Amato, A., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Angelova, S. V., Antier, S., Appert, S., Arai, K., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Arene, M., Arnaud, N., Arun, K. G., Ascenzi, S., Ashton, G., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., Aufmuth, P., Aultoneal, K., Austin, C., Avendano, V., Avila-Alvarez, A., Babak, S., Bacon, P., Badaracco, F., Bader, M. K. M., Bae, S., Baker, P. T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Banagiri, S., Barayoga, J. C., Barclay, S. E., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barkett, K., Barnum, S., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bayley, J. C., Bazzan, M., Becsy, B., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I., Bell, A. S., Beniwal, D., Berger, B. K., Bergmann, G., Bernuzzi, S., Bero, J. J., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhandare, R., Bidler, J., Bilenko, I. A., Bilgili, S. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Birney, R., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. A., Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bloemen, S., Bode, N., Boer, M., Boetzel, Y., Bogaert, G., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Boom, B. A., Booth, C. D., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bossie, K., Bossilkov, V., Bosveld, J., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Bramley, A., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Briant, T., Briggs, J. H., Brighenti, F., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. D., Brunett, S., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cabero, M., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Calderon Bustillo, J., Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Campbell, W. A., Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Cao, J., Capocasa, E., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Carney, M. F., Carullo, G., Casanueva Diaz, J., Casentini, C., Caudill, S., Cavaglia, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerda-Duran, P., Cerretani, G., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, O., Chakravarti, K., Chamberlin, S. J., Chan, M., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chase, E. A., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, D., Chaturvedi, M., Chatziioannou, K., Cheeseboro, B. D., Chen, H. Y., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Cheng, H. -P., Cheong, C. K., Chia, H. Y., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, G., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S., Chung, K. W., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Ciecielag, P., Ciobanu, A. A., Ciolfi, R., Cipriano, F., Cirone, A., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Clearwater, P., Cleva, F., Cocchieri, C., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Cohen, D., Colgan, R., Colleoni, M., Collette, C. G., Collins, C., Cominsky, L. R., Constancio, M., Conti, L., Cooper, S. J., Corban, P., Corbitt, T. R., Cordero-Carrion, I., Corley, K. R., Cornish, N., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Cotesta, R., Coughlin, M. W., Coughlin, S. B., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Couvares, P., Covas, P. B., Cowan, E. E., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cripe, J., Croquette, M., Crowder, S. G., Cullen, T. J., Cumming, A., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Dal Canton, T., Dalya, G., Danilishin, S. L., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Dasgupta, A., Da Silva Costa, C. F., Datrier, L. E. H., Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Davier, M., Davis, D., Daw, E. J., Debra, D., Deenadayalan, M., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deleglise, S., Del Pozzo, W., Demarchi, L. M., Demos, N., Dent, T., De Pietri, R., Derby, J., De Rosa, R., De Rossi, C., Desalvo, R., De Varona, O., Dhurandhar, S., Diaz, M. C., Dietrich, T., Di Fiore, L., Di Giovanni, M., Di Girolamo, T., Di Lieto, A., Ding, B., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Renzo, F., Dmitriev, A., Doctor, Z., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Doravari, S., Dorosh, O., Dorrington, I., Downes, T. P., Drago, M., Driggers, J. C., Du, Z., Ducoin, J. -G., Dupej, P., Dwyer, S. E., Easter, P. J., Edo, T. B., Edwards, M. C., Effler, A., Ehrens, P., Eichholz, J., Eikenberry, S. S., Eisenmann, M., Eisenstein, R. A., Essick, R. C., Estelles, H., Estevez, D., Etienne, Z. B., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Fafone, V., Fair, H., Fairhurst, S., Fan, X., Farinon, S., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Fauchon-Jones, E. J., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fazio, M., Fee, C., Feicht, J., Fejer, M. M., Feng, F., Fernandez-Galiana, A., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, E. C., Ferreira, T. A., Ferrini, F., Fidecaro, F., Fiori, I., Fiorucci, D., Fishbach, M., Fisher, R. P., Fishner, J. M., Fitz-Axen, M., Flaminio, R., Fletcher, M., Flynn, E., Fong, H., Font, J. A., Forsyth, P. W. F., Fournier, J. -D., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Frei, Z., Freise, A., Frey, R., Frey, V., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabbard, H. A., Gadre, B. U., Gaebel, S. M., Gair, J. R., Gammaitoni, L., Ganija, M. R., Gaonkar, S. G., Garcia, A., Garcia-Quiros, C., Garufi, F., Gateley, B., Gaudio, S., Gaur, G., Gayathri, V., Gemme, G., Genin, E., Gennai, A., George, D., George, J., Gergely, L., Germain, V., Ghonge, S., Ghosh, A., Ghosh, S., Giacomazzo, B., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Giazotto, A., Gill, K., Giordano, G., Glover, L., Godwin, P., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Goncharov, B., Gonzalez, G., Gonzalez Castro, J. M., Gopakumar, A., Gorodetsky, M. L., Gossan, S. E., Gosselin, M., Gouaty, R., Grado, A., Graef, C., Granata, M., Grant, A., Gras, S., Grassia, P., Gray, C., Gray, R., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Green, R., Gretarsson, E. M., Groot, P., Grote, H., Grunewald, S., Gruning, P., Guidi, G. M., Gulati, H. K., Guo, Y., Gupta, A., Gupta, M. K., Gustafson, E. K., Gustafson, R., Haegel, L., Halim, O., Hall, B. R., Hall, E. D., Hamilton, E. Z., Hammond, G., Haney, M., Hanke, M. M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hannuksela, O. A., Hanson, J., Hardwick, T., Haris, K., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Haskell, B., Haster, C. -J., Haughian, K., Hayes, F. J., Healy, J., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M. C., Heitmann, H., Hello, P., Hemming, G., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennig, J., Heptonstall, A. W., Hernandez Vivanco, F., Heurs, M., Hild, S., Hinderer, T., Hoak, D., Hochheim, S., Hofman, D., Holgado, A. M., Holland, N. A., Holt, K., Holz, D. E., Hopkins, P., Horst, C., Hough, J., Hourihane, S., Howell, E. J., Hoy, C. G., Hreibi, A., Huerta, E. A., Huet, D., Hughey, B., Hulko, M., Husa, S., Huttner, S. H., Huynh-Dinh, T., Idzkowski, B., Iess, A., Ingram, C., Inta, R., Intini, G., Irwin, B., Isa, H. N., Isac, J. -M., Isi, M., Iyer, B. R., Izumi, K., Jacqmin, T., Jadhav, S. J., Jani, K., Janthalur, N. N., Jaranowski, P., Jenkins, A. C., Jiang, J., Johnson, D. S., Jones, A. W., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jonker, R. J. G., Ju, L., Junker, J., Kalaghatgi, C. V., Kalogera, V., Kamai, B., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kapadia, S. J., Karki, S., Karvinen, K. S., Kashyap, R., Kasprzack, M., Katsanevas, S., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaufer, S., Kawabe, K., Keerthana, N. V., Kefelian, F., Keitel, D., Kennedy, R., Key, J. S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, H., Khan, I., Khan, S., Khan, Z., Khazanov, E. A., Khursheed, M., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, C., Kim, J. C., Kim, K., Kim, W., Kim, W. S., Kim, Y. -M., Kimball, C., King, E. J., King, P. J., Kinley-Hanlon, M., Kirchhoff, R., Kissel, J. S., Kleybolte, L., Klika, J. H., Klimenko, S., Knowles, T. D., Koch, P., Koehlenbeck, S. M., Koekoek, G., Koley, S., Kondrashov, V., Kontos, A., Koper, N., Korobko, M., Korth, W. Z., Kowalska, I., Kozak, D. B., Kringel, V., Krishnendu, N., Krolak, A., Kuehn, G., Kumar, A., Kumar, P., Kumar, R., Kumar, S., Kuo, L., Kutynia, A., Kwang, S., Lackey, B. D., Lai, K. H., Lam, T. L., Landry, M., Lane, B. B., Lang, R. N., Lange, J., Lantz, B., Lanza, R. K., Lartaux-Vollard, A., Lasky, P. D., Laxen, M., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Leavey, S., Lecoeuche, Y. K., Lee, C. H., Lee, H. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, H. W., Lee, J., Lee, K., Lehmann, J., Lenon, A., Leroy, N., Letendre, N., Levin, Y., Leviton, J., Li, J., Li, K. J. L., Li, T. G. F., Li, X., Lin, F., Linde, F., Linker, S. D., Littenberg, T. B., Liu, J., Liu, X., Lo, R. K. L., Lockerbie, N. A., London, L. T., Longo, A., Lorenzini, M., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lough, J. D., Lousto, C. O., Lovelace, G., Lower, M. E., Luck, H., Lumaca, D., Lundgren, A. P., Lynch, R., Ma, Y., Macas, R., Macfoy, S., Macinnis, M., Macleod, D. M., Macquet, A., Magana-Sandoval, F., Magana Zertuche, L., Magee, R. M., Majorana, E., Maksimovic, I., Malik, A., Man, N., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mansell, G. L., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Marchesoni, F., Marion, F., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Markakis, C., Markosyan, A. S., Markowitz, A., Maros, E., Marquina, A., Marsat, S., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martynov, D. V., Mason, K., Massera, E., Masserot, A., Massinger, T. J., Masso-Reid, M., Mastrogiovanni, S., Matas, A., Matichard, F., Matone, L., Mavalvala, N., Mazumder, N., Mccann, J. J., Mccarthy, R., Mcclelland, D. E., Mccormick, S., Mcculler, L., Mcguire, S. C., Mciver, J., Mcmanus, D. J., Mcrae, T., Mcwilliams, S. T., Meacher, D., Meadors, G. D., Mehmet, M., Mehta, A. K., Meidam, J., Melatos, A., Mendell, G., Mercer, R. A., Mereni, L., Merilh, E. L., Merzougui, M., Meshkov, S., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Metzdorff, R., Meyers, P. M., Miao, H., Michel, C., Middleton, H., Mikhailov, E. E., Milano, L., Miller, A. L., Miller, A., Millhouse, M., Mills, J. C., Milovich-Goff, M. C., Minazzoli, O., Minenkov, Y., Mishkin, A., Mishra, C., Mistry, T., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mitselmakher, G., Mittleman, R., Mo, G., Moffa, D., Mogushi, K., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Montani, M., Moore, C. J., Moraru, D., Moreno, G., Morisaki, S., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mukherjee, A., Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, S., Mukund, N., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Muniz, E. A., Muratore, M., Murray, P. G., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Neilson, J., Nelemans, G., Nelson, T. J. N., Nery, M., Neunzert, A., Ng, K. Y., Ng, S., Nguyen, P., Nichols, D., Nissanke, S., Nocera, F., North, C., Nuttall, L. K., Obergaulinger, M., Oberling, J., O'Brien, B. D., O'Dea, G. D., Ogin, G. H., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohme, F., Ohta, H., Okada, M. A., Oliver, M., Oppermann, P., Oram, R. J., O'Reilly, B., Ormiston, R. G., Ortega, L. F., O'Shaughnessy, R., Ossokine, S., Ottaway, D. J., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Pace, A. E., Pagano, G., Page, M. A., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pal-Singh, A., Pan, H. -W., Pang, B., Pang, P. T. H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Parida, A., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patil, M., Patricelli, B., Pearlstone, B. L., Pedersen, C., Pedraza, M., Pedurand, R., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perez, C. J., Perreca, A., Pfeiffer, H. P., Phelps, M., Phukon, K. S., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pillant, G., Pinard, L., Pirello, M., Pitkin, M., Poggiani, R., Pong, D. Y. T., Ponrathnam, S., Popolizio, P., Porter, E. K., Powell, J., Prajapati, A. K., Prasad, J., Prasai, K., Prasanna, R., Pratten, G., Prestegard, T., Privitera, S., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L. G., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Purrer, M., Qi, H., Quetschke, V., Quinonez, P. J., Quintero, E. A., Quitzow-James, R., Raab, F. J., Radkins, H., Radulescu, N., Raffai, P., Raja, S., Rajan, C., Rajbhandari, B., Rakhmanov, M., Ramirez, K. E., Ramos-Buades, A., Rana, J., Rao, K., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Read, J., Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Ren, W., Ricci, F., Richardson, C. J., Richardson, J. W., Ricker, P. M., Riles, K., Rizzo, M., Robertson, N. A., Robie, R., Robinet, F., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Roma, V. J., Romanelli, M., Romano, R., Romel, C. L., Romie, J. H., Rose, K., Rosinska, D., Rosofsky, S. G., Ross, M. P., Rowan, S., Rudiger, A., Ruggi, P., Rutins, G., Ryan, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sakellariadou, M., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Samajdar, A., Sammut, L., Sanchez, E. J., Sanchez, L. E., Sanchis-Gual, N., Sandberg, V., Sanders, J. R., Santiago, K. A., Sarin, N., Sassolas, B., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Saulson, P. R., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Schale, P., Scheel, M., Scheuer, J., Schmidt, P., Schnabel, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schonbeck, A., Schreiber, E., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Schwalbe, S. G., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seidel, E., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sennett, N., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Sergeev, A., Setyawati, Y., Shaddock, D. A., Shaffer, T., Shahriar, M. S., Shaner, M. B., Shao, L., Sharma, P., Shawhan, P., Shen, H., Shink, R., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Shyamsundar, S., Siellez, K., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Silva, A. D., Singer, L. P., Singh, N., Singhal, A., Sintes, A. M., Sitmukhambetov, S., Skliris, V., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slaven-Blair, T. J., Smith, J. R., Smith, R. J. E., Somala, S., Son, E. J., Sorazu, B., Sorrentino, F., Souradeep, T., Sowell, E., Spencer, A. P., Srivastava, A. K., Srivastava, V., Staats, K., Stachie, C., Standke, M., Steer, D. A., Steinke, M., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steinmeyer, D., Stevenson, S. P., Stocks, D., Stone, R., Stops, D. J., Strain, K. A., Stratta, G., Strigin, S. E., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Sudhir, V., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B. L., Szczepanczyk, M. J., Tacca, M., Tait, S. C., Talbot, C., Talukder, D., Tanner, D. B., Tapai, M., Taracchini, A., Tasson, J. D., Taylor, R., Tenorio, R., Thies, F., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Toland, K., Tonelli, M., Tornasi, Z., Torres-Forne, A., Torrie, C. I., Toyra, D., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Tringali, M. C., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R., Tsang, K. W., Tse, M., Tso, R., Tsukada, L., Tsuna, D., Tuyenbayev, D., Ueno, K., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Usman, S. A., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Valdes, G., Van Bakel, N., Van Beuzekom, M., Van Den Brand, J. F. J., Van Den Broeck, C., Vander-Hyde, D. C., Van Heijningen, J. V., Van Der Schaaf, L., Van Veggel, A. A., Vardaro, M., Varma, V., Vass, S., Vasuth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Venugopalan, G., Verkindt, D., Vetrano, F., Vicere, A., Viets, A. D., Vine, D. J., Vinet, J. -Y., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A. R., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Walet, R., Walker, M., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Wang, Y. F., Ward, R. L., Warden, Z. A., Warner, J., Was, M., Watchi, J., Weaver, B., Wei, L. -W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Weldon, G., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Wessel, E. K., Wessels, P., Westhouse, J. W., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wilken, D. M., Williams, D., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wimmer, M. H., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Worden, J., Wright, J. L., Wu, D. S., Wysocki, D. M., Xiao, L., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C. C., Yang, L., Yap, M. J., Yazback, M., Yeeles, D. W., Yu, H., Yuen, S. H. R., Yvert, M., Zadrozny, A. K., Zanolin, M., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zevin, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, T., Zhao, C., Zhou, M., Zhou, Z., Zhu, X. J., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., Pisarski, A., RS: FSE Grav. waves and fundamental physics, Grav. waves and fundamental physics, RS: FSE MSP, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (Astro)-Particles Physics, Abbott, Bp, Abbott, Td, Adya, Vb, Aguiar, Od, Altin, Pa, Anderson, Sb, Anderson, Wg, Angelova, Sv, Araya, Mc, Aston, Sm, Bader, Mkm, Baker, Pt, Ballmer, Sw, Barayoga, Jc, Barclay, Se, Barish, Bc, Bayley, Jc, Becsy, B, Berger, Bk, Bero, Jj, Berry, Cpl, Bilenko, Ia, Bizouard, Ma, Blackburn, Jk, Blair, Cd, Blair, Dg, Blair, Rm, Boom, Ba, Brady, Pr, Brau, Je, Brooks, Af, Brown, Dd, Brunet, S, Bulten, Hj, Byer, Rl, Bustillo, Jc, Callister, Ta, Camp, Jb, Cannon, Kc, Carney, Mf, Diaz, Jc, Cavaglia, M, Cerda-Duran, P, Chamberlin, Sj, Cheeseboro, Bd, Chen, Hy, Cheng, Hp, Chia, Hy, Chung, Kw, Clark, Ja, Cohadon, Pf, Collette, Cg, Cominsky, Lr, Cooper, Sj, Corbitt, Tr, Cordero-Carrion, I, Corley, Kr, Costa, Ca, Coughlin, Mw, Coughlin, Sb, Coulon, Jp, Countryman, St, Covas, Pb, Cowan, Ee, Coward, Dm, Cowart, Mj, Coyne, Dc, Creighton, Jde, Creighton, Td, Crowder, Sg, Cullen, Tj, Dalya, G, Danilishin, Sl, D'Antonio, S, Costa, Cfd, Daw, Ej, Deleglise, S, Diaz, Mc, Dooley, Kl, Downes, Tp, Driggers, Jc, Dwyer, Se, Edo, Tb, Edwards, Mc, Eisenstein, Ra, Essick, Rc, Etienne, Zb, Evans, Tm, Farr, Wm, Fauchon-Jones, Ej, Fejer, Mm, Ferreira, Ec, Fisher, Rp, Font, Ja, Forsyth, Pwf, Fournier, Jd, Frolov, Vv, Gadre, Bu, Gaebel, Sm, Gair, Jr, Ganija, Mr, Gaonkar, Sg, Grcia-Quiros, C, Giaime, Ja, Giardina, Kd, Gonzalez, G, Castro, Jmg, Gorodetsky, Ml, Gossan, Se, Green, Ac, Gretarsson, Em, Guidi, Gm, Gupta, Mk, Gustafson, Ek, Hall, Br, Hall, Ed, Hamilton, Ez, Hanke, Mm, Hannam, Md, Hannuksela, Oa, Harry, Gm, Harry, Iw, Haster, Cj, Heintze, Mc, Heptonstall, Aw, Holz, De, Howell, Ej, Huerta, Ea, Huttner, Sh, Isa, Hn, Isac, Jm, Iyer, Br, Jenkins, Ac, Jones, Aw, Jonker, Rjg, Kalaghatgi, Cv, Kanner, Jb, Kapadia, Sj, Adhikari, Rx, Aloy, Ma, Arene, M, Arun, Kg, Bilgili, Sa, Booth, Cd, Briggs, Jh, Campbell, Wa, Cheong, Ck, Ciobanu, Aa, Datrier, Leh, Demarchi, Lm, Ducoin, Jg, Easter, Pj, Ferreira, Ta, Fishner, Jm, Gulati, Hk, Hayes, Fj, Vivanco, Fh, Holgado, Am, Holland, Na, Hoy, Cg, Jadhav, Sj, Janthalur, Nn, Jones, Di, Keerthana, Nv, Kefelian, F, Khalili, Fy, Khazanov, Ea, Kim, Jc, Kim, Ym, King, Ej, King, Pj, Klika, Jh, Knowles, Td, Koehlenbeck, Sm, Korth, Wz, Kozak, Db, Krolak, A, Lackey, Bd, Lai, Kh, Lam, Tl, Lane, Bb, Lang, Rn, Lanza, Rk, Lasky, Pd, Lecoeuche, Yk, Lee, Ch, Lee, Hk, Lee, Hm, Lee, Hw, Li, Kjl, Li, Tgf, Linker, Sd, Littenberg, Tb, Lo, Rkl, Lockerbie, Na, London, Lt, Lough, Jd, Lousto, Co, Lower, Me, Luck, H, Lundgren, Ap, Macleod, Dm, Magana-Sandoval, F, Zertuche, Lm, Magee, Rm, Mansell, Gl, Marka, S, Marka, Z, Martin, Iw, Martin, Rm, Martynov, Dv, Massinger, Tj, Mccann, Jj, Mcclelland, De, Mcguire, Sc, Mcmanus, Dj, Mcwilliams, St, Meadors, Gd, Mehta, Ak, Mercer, Ra, Merilh, El, Meyers, Pm, Mikhailov, Ee, Miller, Al, Mills, Jc, Milovich-Goff, Mc, Mitrofanov, Vp, Mohapatra, Srp, Moore, Cj, Mow-Lowry, Cm, Muniz, Ea, Murray, Pg, Nayak, Rk, Nelson, Tjn, Ng, Ky, Nuttall, Lk, Obrien, Bd, Odea, Gd, Ogin, Gh, Oh, Jj, Oh, Sh, Okada, Ma, Oram, Rj, Oreilly, B, Ormiston, Rg, Ortega, Lf, Oshaughnessy, R, Ottaway, Dj, Owen, Bj, Pace, Ae, Page, Ma, Pai, Sa, Palamos, Jr, Pan, Hw, Pang, Pth, Pant, Bc, Pearlstone, Bl, Perez, Cj, Pfeiffer, Hp, Piccinni, Oj, Pong, Dyt, Porter, Ek, Prajapati, Ak, Prodi, Ga, Prokhorov, Lg, Purrer, M, Quinonez, Pj, Quintero, Ea, Raab, Fj, Ramirez, Ke, Reitze, Dh, Richardson, Cj, Richardson, Jw, Ricker, Pm, Robertson, Na, Rollins, Jg, Roma, Vj, Romel, Cl, Romie, Jh, Rosinska, D, Rosofsky, Sg, Ross, Mp, Rudiger, A, Sanchez, Ej, Sanchez, Le, Sanders, Jr, Santiago, Ka, Saulson, Pr, Savage, Rl, Schofield, Rm, Schonbeck, A, Schulte, Bw, Schutz, Bf, Schwalbe, Sg, Scott, Sm, Shaddock, Da, Shaner, Mb, Shoemaker, Dh, Shoemaker, Dm, Silva, Ad, Singer, Lp, Sintes, Am, Slagmolen, Bjj, Slaven-Blair, Tj, Smith, Jr, Smith, Rje, Son, Ej, Spencer, Ap, Srivastava, Ak, Steer, Da, Stevenson, Sp, Stops, Dj, Strain, Ka, Strigin, Se, Stuver, Al, Summerscales, Tz, Sutton, Pj, Swinkels, Bl, Szczepanczyk, Mj, Tait, Sc, Tanner, Db, Tapai, M, Tasson, Jd, Thondapu, Sr, Thorne, Ka, Torres-Forne, A, Torrie, Ci, Toyra, D, Tringali, Mc, Tsang, Kw, Urban, Al, Usman, Sa, van den Brand, Jfj, Vander-Hyde, Dc, van Heijningen, Jv, van Der Schaaf, L, van Veggel, Aa, Vasuth, M, Veitch, Pj, Vicere, A, Viets, Ad, Vine, Dj, Vinet, Jy, Vyatchanin, Sp, Wade, Ar, Wade, Le, Wang, Jz, Wang, Wh, Wang, Yf, Ward, Rl, Warden, Za, Wei, Lw, Weinstein, Aj, Wessel, Ek, Weels, P, Westhouse, Jw, Whelan, Jt, Whiting, Bf, Wilken, Dm, Williamson, Ar, Willis, Jl, Wimmer, Mh, Wipf, Cc, Wofford, Jk, Wright, Jl, Wysocki, Dm, Yancey, Cc, Yap, Mj, Yeeles, Dw, Yu, Hc, Yuen, Shr, Zadrozny, Ak, Zendri, Jp, Zhu, Xj, and Zucker, Me

Subjects
Astronomy, Astrophysics, Rotation, 01 natural sciences, rotation, Gravitation, Cosmology & Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Physics, Particles & Fields, continuous gravitational wave, LIGO, neutron star, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), media_common, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Settore FIS/01, Physics, astro-ph.HE, Physical Systems, Amplitude, General relativity, gravitational waves, Physical Sciences, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Gravitational wave detection, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, continuous gravitational waves, Advanced LIGO, asymmetry, Gravitation, Neutron stars & pulsars, Frequency band, media_common.quotation_subject, gr-qc, FOS: Physical sciences, alternative theories of gravity, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Gravitational waves, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, gravitational radiation: frequency, STFC, gravitational waves,neutron stars, Gravitational wave sources, Science & Technology, Gravitational wave sources, Gravitational waves, Physical Systems, Neutron stars and pulsars, Gravitational wave detection, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, RCUK, Gravitational Wave Physics, Neutron star, Sky, Neutron stars and pulsars, Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

We present results of an all-sky search for continuous gravitational waves (CWs), which can be produced by fast-spinning neutron stars with an asymmetry around their rotation axis, using data from the second observing run of the Advanced LIGO detectors. We employ three different semi-coherent methods ($\textit{FrequencyHough}$, $\textit{SkyHough}$, and $\textit{Time-Domain $\mathcal{F}$-statistic}$) to search in a gravitational-wave frequency band from 20 to 1922 Hz and a first frequency derivative from $-1\times10^{-8}$ to $2\times10^{-9}$ Hz/s. None of these searches has found clear evidence for a CW signal, so we present upper limits on the gravitational-wave strain amplitude $h_0$ (the lowest upper limit on $h_0$ is $1.7\times10^{-25}$ in the 123-124 Hz region) and discuss the astrophysical implications of this result. This is the most sensitive search ever performed over the broad range of parameters explored in this study.

Published
2019
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14. News Event Understanding by Mining Latent Factors From Multimodal Tensors

Author

R. Colgan, Ruilin Xu, Chun-Yu Tsai, and John R. Kender

Subjects
Information retrieval, Tensor factorization, Computer science, Iterative method, Event (relativity), Multimodal analysis, Data mining, Tensor, computer.software_genre, computer
Abstract

We present a novel and efficient constrained tensor factorization algorithm that first represents a video archive, of multimedia news stories concerning a news event, as a sparse tensor of order 4. The dimensions correspond to extracted visual memes, verbal tags, time periods and cultures. The iterative algorithm then approximately but accurately ex- tracts coherent quad-clusters, each of which represents a significant summary of an important independent aspect of the news event. We give examples of quad-clusters extracted from tensors with at least 108 entries derived from the international news coverage of the Ebola epidemic, AirAsia flight Q8501 and Zika virus. We show the method is fast, can be tuned to give preferences to any subset of its four dimensions, and exceeds three existing methods in performance.

Published
2016
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15. Iso-toxic dose-escalated radiotherapy (RT) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with moderate deep inspiration breath hold (mDIBH) or mid-ventilation (Mid-V) planning

Author

R. Colgan, H. Bainbridge, D. McQuaid, Alex Dunlop, I. Locke, Merina Ahmed, and Fiona McDonald

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Toxic dose, medicine.disease, Radiation therapy, Oncology, Breathing, medicine, Radiology, business, Deep inspiration breath-hold
Published
2018
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16. GENETIC MODIFICATION TO IMPROVE FRUIT QUALITY: BENEFITS FOR THE GROWER, THE CONSUMER AND THE ENVIRONMENT

Author

A. J. Massiah, E. R. Hiles, David J. James, F. Wilson, Peter Hedden, Abhaya M. Dandekar, D. Sargent, Sandra L. Uratsu, D. Simpson, Sean Bulley, Stefano Biricolti, R. Colgan, M. Mazzara, Simon P. Vaughan, J. Stow, John M. Labavitch, Andrew L. Phillips, D. Blakesley, S. Baker, and Andrew J. Passey

Subjects
business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Quality (business), Business, Horticulture, Biotechnology, media_common
Published
2003
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17. MA 09.09 Isotoxic Dose-Escalated Radiotherapy (RT) in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) with Deep Inspiration Breath Hold (DIBH)

Author

Jaishree Bhosle, H. Bainbridge, Sanjay Popat, R. Colgan, D. McQuaid, I. Locke, Mary O'Brien, Fiona McDonald, Alex Dunlop, Nadia Yousaf, and Merina Ahmed

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Radiation therapy, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Internal medicine, medicine, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), medicine.disease, business, Deep inspiration breath-hold
Published
2017
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18. [Untitled]

Author

Bruno Maffei, Richard Wylde, Peter A. R. Ade, E. Wakui, Carole Tucker, John Anthony Murphy, and R. Colgan

Subjects
Physics, Radiation, business.industry, Gaussian, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, law.invention, symbols.namesake, Optics, law, Horn (acoustic), symbols, Classical electromagnetism, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Anisotropy, business, Instrumentation, Flare
Abstract

Novel corrugated horn have been modelled, manufactured and measured which give low-sidelobe patterns required by CMB Anisotropy experiments. These horns have a Back-to-Back structure with mode filtering at their centres. They are corrugated to give axial symmetric low-sidelobe patterns, profiled to reduce their length, and have a Gaussian flare at their entrance apertures to further suppress sidelobes to -40dB. Modelling and experimental results show excellent agreement to well below 50 dB.

Published
2000
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19. [Untitled]

Author

Créidhe O'Sullivan, Neil Trappe, Stafford Withington, William Lanigan, J. Anthony Murphy, and R. Colgan

Subjects
Radiation, Materials science, business.industry, Local oscillator, Modal analysis, Physics::Optics, Grating, Condensed Matter Physics, Multiplexer, Multiplexing, Optics, Heterodyne detection, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Instrumentation, Refractive index, Gaussian beam
Abstract

This paper is concerned with the analysis of phase gratings as passive quasi-optical multiplexing devices. One important application of such components is in the local oscillator injection chain of heterodyne array receivers. Gaussian beam mode analysis can be applied as a powerful tool when modelling the optical performance of phase gratings in a real submillimeter system of finite throughput and bandwidth. In our experimental investigations we have concentrated on the Dammann Grating (DG) which is a binary optical component and thus straightforward to manufacture. A number of quartz gratings were fabricated and carefully tested to evaluate the practical limitations of such quasi-optical components. Because of its convenient refractive index quartz can be used to produce gratings with very low reflection losses. The results presented confirm DGs to be particularly suitable multiplexers for sparse arrays of finite bandwidth.

Published
1999
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20. Planck pre-launch status: The optical architecture of the HFI

Author

Rashmikant V. Sudiwala, Adam Woodcraft, I. Ristorcelli, J.-L. Puget, Bruno Maffei, F. Noviello, J.-M. Lamarre, Giorgio Savini, Carole Tucker, Y. Longval, A. Catalano, Emily Gleeson, Sarah E. Church, Peter A. R. Ade, V. Yurchenko, Andrew E. Lange, F.-X. Désert, F. Pajot, W. C. Jones, R. Colgan, J. A. Murphy, APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
cosmic microwave background, Experimental Physics, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Telescope, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], symbols.namesake, techniques: photometric, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Planck, space vehicles: instruments, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Image resolution, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, Physics, Gregorian telescope, business.industry, instrumentation: detectors, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, instrumentation: polarimeters, Astronomy and Astrophysics, submillimeter: general, Spectral bands, Cardinal point, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, business
Abstract

The Planck High Frequency Instrument, HFI, has been designed to allow a clear unobscured view of the CMB sky through an offaxis Gregorian telescope. The prime science target is to measure the polarized anisotropy of the CMB with a sensitivity of 1 part in 10^6 with a maximum spatial resolution of 5 arcmin (C_l ~ 3000) in four spectral bands with two further high-frequency channels measuring total power for foreground removal. These requirements place critical constraints on both the telescope configuration and the receiver coupling and require precise determination of the spectral and spatial characteristics at the pixel level, whilst maintaining control of the polarisation. To meet with the sensitivity requirements, the focal plane needs to be cooled with the optics at a few Kelvin and detectors at 100 mK. To limit inherent instrumental thermal emission and diffraction effects, there is no vacuum window, so the detector feedhorns view the telescope secondary directly. This requires that the instrument is launched warm with the cooler chain only being activated during its cruise to L2. Here we present the novel optical configuration designed to meet with all the above criteria.

Published
2010
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21. Planck pre-launch status: HFI beam expectations from the optical optimisation of the focal plane

Author

Andrew E. Lange, F. Pajot, T. Peacocke, J.-L. Puget, J.-M. Lamarre, V. Yurchenko, I. Ristorcelli, F. R. Bouchet, Y. Longval, Peter A. R. Ade, I. McAuley, R. Colgan, C. V. Haynes, Giorgio Savini, A. Catalano, W. C. Jones, J. A. Murphy, R. Gispert, J. Brossard, Rashmikant V. Sudiwala, Richard Wylde, F. Noviello, Emily Gleeson, Bruno Maffei, Giampaolo Pisano, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Cosmologie, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANCK, PLANCK-HFI, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Physique Corpusculaire et Cosmologie - Collège de France (PCC), and Collège de France (CdF)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
cosmic microwave background, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Experimental Physics, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic microwave background, Cosmic background radiation, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 010309 optics, Telescope, symbols.namesake, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, space vehicles: instruments, Planck, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], instrumentation: detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, instrumentation: polarimeters, Astronomy, submillimeter: general, telescopes, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Polarization (waves), [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Cardinal point, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, business
Abstract

Planck is a European Space Agency (ESA) satellite, launched in May 2009, which will map the cosmic microwave background anisotropies in intensity and polarisation with unprecedented detail and sensitivity. It will also provide full-sky maps of astrophysical foregrounds. An accurate knowledge of the telescope beam patterns is an essential element for a correct analysis of the acquired astrophysical data. We present a detailed description of the optical design of the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) together with some of the optical performances measured during the calibration campaigns. We report on the evolution of the knowledge of the pre-launch HFI beam patterns when coupled to ideal telescope elements, and on their significance for the HFI data analysis procedure.

Published
2010
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22. Multi-mode horn design and beam characteristics for the Planck satellite

Author

T. Peacocke, R. Sudiwala, F. Noviello, Bruno Maffei, J.-L. Puget, V. Yurchenko, J. A. Murphy, Richard Wylde, I. Ristorcelli, R. Colgan, Peter A. R. Ade, Andrew E. Lange, Giorgio Savini, Giampaolo Pisano, Y. Longval, I. McAuley, J.-M. Lamarre, Emily Gleeson, J. Brossard, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, PLANCK, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Microwave Antennas, Optics, Space instrumentation, Waveguides, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Experimental Physics, Aperture, Cosmic microwave background, 02 engineering and technology, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Electromagnetic radiation, law.invention, Telescope, symbols.namesake, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Angular resolution, Planck, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, business.industry, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 020206 networking & telecommunications, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Horn (acoustic), symbols, business
Abstract

The ESA Planck satellite has begun studying the anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background radiation over the whole sky with unprecedented sensitivity and high angular resolution. The High Frequency Instrument, HFI, on Planck is observing simultaneously in six bands in the range 100 GHz to 857 GHz. The inclusion of non-CMB bands allows for robust removal of foreground sources from the data. This paper is concerned with the design, modeling and predicted performances of the two highest frequency channels centered on 545 GHz and 857 GHz, which use specialized multi-mode feedhorns, and are dedicated to observing these foregrounds. Multi-mode systems have the advantage of increasing the throughput, and thus sensitivity, of the detection assembly when diffraction limited resolution is not required. The horns are configured in a back-to-back setup which transmits the signal through filters to a detector horn. The modeling of the broadband beam patterns on the sky is shown to require careful analysis. Simulations of the complex interactions of the horns is computationally challenging when the detector horn in the relay system is included. The paper describes the approach to modeling these high frequency channels and discusses how the optical requirements on the horn designs are met in terms of spillover, edge taper, illumination of the telescope aperture and beam patterns on the sky.

Published
2010
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23. Urinary tract infections. Roundtable discussion and case studies

Author

R, Colgan, T M, Hooton, K, Gupta, I H, Gomolin, S, Childs, and M, Gould

Subjects
Adult, Male, Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Middle Aged, beta-Lactams, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Diagnosis, Differential, Postmenopause, Aminoglycosides, Premenopause, Urinary Tract Infections, Humans, Female, Aged, Fluoroquinolones
Published
2009

24. Electromagnetic modelling of few-moded Winston cones in the far-infrared

Author

Créidhe O'Sullivan, J. Anthony Murphy, R. Colgan, Sarah E. Church, and Emily Gleeson

Subjects
Physics, Ray tracing (physics), Infrared astronomy, Wavelength, Optics, Far infrared, Wave propagation, business.industry, Detector, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, business, Electromagnetic mode, Electromagnetic modelling
Abstract

Winston cones have traditionally been used as detector feeds in far-infrared cosmological experiments, such as SuZIe, the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Infra-red Experiment [1] on the CSO. They are usually designed using ray tracing, which becomes a very poor approximation when the number of spatial modes propagated by the horn is small in number, often the case at the longest wavelengths. We describe a more accurate approach involving electromagnetic modelling of Winston cones using a rigorous electromagnetic mode matching technique. It is straightforward to also consider the case of few-moded corrugated Winston cones, which offer lower sidelobe levels than smooth walled cones which is important for high sensitivity experiments. Furthermore, the mode matching technique allows more complex structures such as back-to-back Winston cones and the detector cavities to also be analyzed.

Published
2002

25. Corrugated Horn Design for HFI on PLANCK

Author

Bruno Maffei, Créidhe O'Sullivan, Emily Gleeson, Peter A. R. Ade, J. A. Murphy, and R. Colgan

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Gaussian, Cosmic background radiation, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Radiation, Feed horn, Electromagnetic mode, symbols.namesake, Optics, Horn (acoustic), symbols, Planck, business, Throughput (business), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

In this paper we report on the back-to-back corrugated feed horn design for the High Frequency Instrument on the PLANCK Surveyor. Special single moded Gaussian profiled horns have been developed for the 4 lowest frequency channels (100 GHz, 150 GHz, 217 GHz & 353 GHz). These feed structures produce very pure Gaussian radiation patterns with sidelobe levels reduced well below −30 dB. Similar few moded horn antennas are being proposed for the highest frequency channels (545 GHz and 850 GHz) to give non-diffraction limited performance with high throughput. The modelling of the horns uses a rigorous electromagnetic mode matching technique that is found to give good agreement with measurement.

Published
2002

26. Appropriate antimicrobial prescribing: approaches that limit antibiotic resistance

Author

R, Colgan and J H, Powers

Subjects
Bacteria, Patient Education as Topic, Humans, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Bacterial Infections, Transformation, Bacterial, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Anti-Bacterial Agents
Abstract

Since the introduction of antimicrobial agents, there has been an association between antibiotic use and the development of antimicrobial resistance. Antibiotic therapy eradicates not only pathogenic organisms but also the protective normal flora. This so-called "selective pressure" results in colonization with bacteria that are resistant to the original therapy. The result has been an increase over the past two decades in antibiotic resistance among common bacterial causes of outpatient infections. Several studies have demonstrated that a substantial portion of the antibiotics prescribed in the outpatient setting are given for viral illnesses or bacterial diseases where the benefit of antibacterial therapy is marginal. The reasons for prescribing antibiotics in these situations are related to medical and social factors. Physicians should be familiar with the clinical situations in which they should provide antibiotics and those in which they may safely be withheld. Physicians should understand the motivations of patients who are seeking antibiotics and provide education, empathy and alternative treatments.

Published
2001

27. Application of an Automated Quantitative Method to Determine Fungicide Resistance inBotrytis cinerea

Author

R. Colgan, J. Delcan, R. Raposo, and P. Melgarejo

Subjects
Chromatography, Iprodione, biology, Carbendazim, Plant Science, biology.organism_classification, Spore, Microplate Reader, Fungicide, Absorbance, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Botany, Agronomy and Crop Science, Mycelium, Botrytis cinerea
Abstract

An automated quantitative (AQ) assay used for measuring fungal growth with a microplate reader was compared with the linear growth method to determine fungicide resistance in Botrytis cinerea. The AQ assay uses absorbance in the range of 0.0-0.6 units as a measure of fungal biomass. This technique was successfully used to establish EC 50 values (the concentration of fungicide that reduces absorbance by half) to iprodione and a mixture (1:5) of carbendazim and diethofencarb in an economical and rapid way. The AQ assay used 100 times less medium than did the conventional method of measuring radial growth (RG) of mycelium on fungicide-amended medium, and up to 96 samples (one microplate) could be processed at once. The assay was also performed with conidia stored at -20 C in a 20% glycerol solution for 4 mo, and EC 50 values did not differ significantly from EC 50 values using fresh conidia. Growth inhibition was measured most accurately when the spore concentration in a well of the microplate was 10 or 20 spores per microliter. EC 50 values determined by the AQ assay were compared with EC 50 values obtained by the RG method, and both were positively correlated. Regression lines to predict EC 50 values by the RG method from AQ values were: logY = - 0.392 + 1.04 logX for iprodione, and logY = 0.742 + 1.38 logX for the mixture of carbendazim and diethofencarb where Y = EC 50 value determined by the RG method and X = EC 50 value determined by the AQ assay

Published
1995
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29. Family medicine residency training--three or four years?

Author

K S, Ferentz, J, Sobal, and R, Colgan

Subjects
Adult, Male, Time Factors, Attitude of Health Personnel, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Internship and Residency, Physicians, Family, Female, Middle Aged, Family Practice, United States
Abstract

Opinions about a four-year family practice residency were elicited from a nationally representative sample of three groups of family physicians. Questionnaires were mailed to a random sample of 308 residency graduates aged 30 to 35 years, all 383 residency directors, and a random sample of 319 third-year residents. Two mailings produced an 82 percent response rate. A four-year residency was favored by 32 percent of recent graduates, 20 percent of program directors, and 34 percent of third-year residents. Over 60 percent of residents and recent graduates would have entered a family practice program had the residency been of four years' duration. Perceived barriers to a four-year residency included lack of resources, loss of appeal, and the additional time commitment. Respondents were most willing to complete a fourth year of residency to receive additional training in orthopedics, obstetrics, gynecology, and pediatrics. Many respondents believed that the additional year would be helpful in obtaining hospital privileges in obstetrics and in coronary care and intensive care units. This study provides information useful in discussions regarding extending residency training.

Published
1988

30. Hospital privileges for family physicians. Patterns of recent residency graduates, residency director perceptions, and resident expectations

Author

K S, Ferentz, J, Sobal, and R, Colgan

Subjects
Adult, Male, Data Collection, Coronary Care Units, Medical Staff Privileges, Statistics as Topic, Age Factors, Internship and Residency, Physicians, Family, Middle Aged, Pediatrics, United States, Obstetrics, Physician Executives, Intensive Care Units, Sex Factors, General Surgery, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medical Staff, Hospital, Workforce, Humans, Female, Perception, Family Practice, Demography
Abstract

A national mail survey was performed that examined reports of recent residency graduates about hospital privileges for family physicians, perceptions of residency program directors about the percentage of their graduates who obtain privileges, and plans of third-year residents for seeking privileges. Privileges in medicine, pediatrics, surgery, obstetrics, and coronary care/intensive care units (CCU/ICU) were examined. Questionnaires were mailed to a random sample of 308 residency graduates aged 30 to 35 years, all 383 family practice residency directors, and a random sample of 319 third-year residents. Two mailings produced an 82 percent response rate. Most recent graduates had privileges in medicine (97 percent), pediatrics (95 percent), and CCU/ICU (87 percent). A majority (64 percent) had obstetric privileges, and a minority (36 percent) had surgical privileges. Directors were accurate in their perceptions of privileges attained by graduates in medicine, pediatrics, and CCU/ICU, but underestimated the percentage who had privileges in surgery and overestimated the percentage who had privileges in obstetrics. Residents planned on seeking privileges in medicine, pediatrics, and obstetrics at a rate similar to recent graduates, with lower percentages planning on seeking them in surgery and CCU/ICU. Privileges in surgery and obstetrics were more prevalent in the Midwest and West.

Published
1988

31. Autoxidation and effects of pro- and antioxidants in lyophilized red blood cell membranes

Author

W. L. Porter, R. Colgan, F. Murphy, A. S. Henick, and G. Porfert

Subjects
Antioxidant, Erythrocytes, medicine.medical_treatment, Biochemistry, Antioxidants, chemistry.chemical_compound, Freeze-drying, Food Preservation, medicine, Humans, Vitamin E, Tocopherol, Propyl gallate, Chromatography, Autoxidation, Organic Chemistry, Erythrocyte Membrane, Cell Biology, Cobalt, Solutions, Red blood cell, Membrane, medicine.anatomical_structure, Freeze Drying, chemistry, Emulsion, Gases, Oxidation-Reduction
Abstract

Oxygen uptake and effects of pro- and antioxidants have been compared at 80 C in lyophilized red blood cell (RBC) bilayer membranes (ghosts). In this dry and relatively immobile system, catalytic metals have pronounced effects. When ghosts are prepared in the usual manner, in phosphate buffer, hypotonic saline, or deionized water (DI), oxygen uptake is extremely slow and limited unless: (a) catalytic metal, e.g. cobaltous ion, is supplied in the absence of metal-complexing buffers and (b) residual phosphate buffer is removed by repeated deionized water or hypotonic saline washes. Ghosts adsorb d-alpha-tocopherol strongly from 1% alcohol emulsion in buffer in amounts far above normal RBC concentrations, whereas synthetic antioxidant uptake seldom exceeds the normal tocopherol level. Uptake and effectiveness of antioxidants introduced by either perfusion or in the vapor phase, and resistance of ghosts to autoxidation introduced by either perfusion or in the vapor phase, and resistance of ghosts to autoxidation are discussed as they relate to protection of lyophilized membranes and freeze-dried foods.

Published
1978

34. Retrograde Catheter Localization for Percutaneous Renal Biopsy

Author

Margaret D. Bischel, James W. Morrow, and James R. Colgan

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Kidney, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Renal cortex, Renal function, General Medicine, Surgery, Catheter, Contrast medium, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine, Fluoroscopy, Renal biopsy, Radiology, business, Pyelogram
Abstract

To the Editor. — Renal biopsy is often required to establish diagnosis and prognosis in the patient with acute or chronic renal disease. Selective localization of the renal cortex is often difficult, and an insufficient specimen may be obtained. 1,2 Infusion pyelography with fluoroscopy 2 has gained widespread acceptance but is not feasible in the acutely or severely anuric or severely uremic patient whose kidney function is inadequate to localize the contrast medium. Arteriography carries an additional morbidity risk factor if not otherwise clinically indicated. 3 Both of these procedures are also contraindicated in the patient allergic to organic iodides. Retroperitoneal air insufflation like-wise 4 has an associated morbidity factor and does not otherwise contribute to the evaluation. Retrograde pyelography may be required for localization and to exclude obstructive disease when kidney and collecting systems are not visualized with high-dose excretory pyelography. A renal biopsy may be easily performed with

Published
1971
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35. Development of Predictive Models to Inform a Novel Risk Categorization Framework for Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli-Caused Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection.

Author

Shields RK, Cheng WY, Kponee-Shovein K, Indacochea D, Gao C, Kuwer F, Joshi AV, Mitrani-Gold FS, Schwab P, Ferrinho D, Mahendran M, Pinheiro L, Royer J, Preib MT, Han J, and Colgan R

Subjects
Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Aged, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Young Adult, Adolescent, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Risk Assessment, Urinary Tract Infections microbiology, Urinary Tract Infections drug therapy, Escherichia coli Infections drug therapy, Escherichia coli Infections microbiology, Escherichia coli Infections epidemiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Escherichia coli drug effects, Escherichia coli isolation & purification
Abstract

Background: In clinical practice, challenges in identifying patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTIs) at risk of antibiotic nonsusceptibility may lead to inappropriate prescribing and contribute to antibiotic resistance. We developed predictive models to quantify risk of nonsusceptibility to 4 commonly prescribed antibiotic classes for uUTI, identify predictors of nonsusceptibility to each class, and construct a corresponding risk categorization framework for nonsusceptibility., Methods: Eligible females aged ≥12 years with Escherichia coli-caused uUTI were identified from Optum's de-identified Electronic Health Record dataset (1 October 2015-29 February 2020). Four predictive models were developed to predict nonsusceptibility to each antibiotic class and a risk categorization framework was developed to classify patients' isolates as low, moderate, and high risk of nonsusceptibility to each antibiotic class., Results: Predictive models were developed among 87 487 patients. Key predictors of having a nonsusceptible isolate to ≥3 antibiotic classes included number of previous UTI episodes, prior β-lactam nonsusceptibility, prior fluoroquinolone treatment, Census Bureau region, and race. The risk categorization framework classified 8.1%, 14.4%, 17.4%, and 6.3% of patients as having isolates at high risk of nonsusceptibility to nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, β-lactams, and fluoroquinolones, respectively. Across classes, the proportion of patients categorized as having high-risk isolates was 3- to 12-fold higher among patients with nonsusceptible isolates versus susceptible isolates., Conclusions: Our predictive models highlight factors that increase risk of nonsusceptibility to antibiotics for uUTIs, while the risk categorization framework contextualizes risk of nonsusceptibility to these treatments. Our findings provide valuable insight to clinicians treating uUTIs and may help inform empiric prescribing in this population., Competing Interests: Potential conflicts of interest. R. K. S. is a paid consultant to GSK. W. Y. C., K. K.-S., D. I., F. K., C. G., M. M., L. P., and J. R. are employees of Analysis Group, Inc., a consultancy that received funding from GSK to conduct this study. A. V. J., F. S. M.-G., P. S., D. F., M. T. P., and J. H. are employees of and shareholders in GSK. R. C. has served as a paid consultant to GSK. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.)

Published
2024
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36. Experience of Early Postgraduate Transition to Intensive Care Medicine: A Phenomenological Study.

Author

Enright D, Colgan R, and O'Connor E

Abstract

Background Clinical role transition is known to pose a challenge to doctors in training. The intensive care unit (ICU) is noted to be a demanding workplace environment, although relatively little is known about the experience of doctors as they transition to intensive care medicine (ICM) at the postgraduate level. Thus, this study aimed to explore the experience of registrar-grade doctors undergoing this transition and to examine the interplay between personal and professional life at this time. Methodology This qualitative study was guided by transcendental phenomenology and multiple and multidimensional transitions theory (MMT). Data were collected via 11 semi-structured interviews and analysed using a six-step analysis. Peer debriefing and a reflexive diary were used. Results The experience of doctors undergoing the transition to ICM was found to be influenced by the clinical environment of the ICU, a demanding and potentially stressful workplace, and one in which collegial support was valued. The previous experience of the individual undergoing the transition was relevant, and the impact of this transition on their professional development and identity was notable. Consistent with MMT, the interplay between personal and professional life was significant, as participants outlined the impact of anxiety before a shift, the emotional and cognitive burden of a shift, and the effect of this transition on their personal relationships. Conclusions This study observes the ICU to be an extremely challenging workplace environment, with a notable influence on the personal lives of those working therein. Nevertheless, ICM offers invaluable opportunities for learning and both personal and professional growth., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Galway Clinical Research Ethics Committee issued approval C.A. 2714. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Enright et al.)

Published
2024
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37. Removal of single and dual ring thiophene's from dodecane using cavitation based processes.

Author

Delaney P, Sarvothaman VP, Colgan R, Nagarajan S, Deshmukh G, Rooney D, Robertson PKJ, and Ranade VV

Subjects
Alkanes, Carboxylic Acids, Oxidants, Thiophenes, Hydrogen Peroxide, Sulfur
Abstract

Utilising cavitation for enhancing oxidative desulphurization has been investigated for nearly-two decades with recent investigations shifting focus from low-capacity acoustic cavitation (AC) to scalable hydrodynamic cavitation (HC). This work focuses on developing a viable means for removing thiophene's from fuels. In the first phase of this work, use of vortex based HC devices for removal of single and dual ring thiophenes from dodecane was investigated. HC was shown to be able to remove single ring thiophene from dodecane without using any external catalyst or additives. However, in absence of catalyst or additives, it was not possible to remove dual ring thiophenes such as dibenzothiophene using HC. Therefore, in the second phase of this work, various strategies based on use of catalyst or additives to augment cavitation based process were investigated. AC based experiments were opted for shortlisting suitable catalysts and additives for intensifying cavitation based processes. The influence of using oxidant (H 2 O 2 ) and carboxylic acid catalysts on efficacy of removal of dual ring thiophenes is presented. Several conditions were tested, and the optimal volumetric ratios of 0.95 v/v % H 2 O 2 and 6.25 v/v % HCOOH was identified and utilised throughout the remainder of the study. Regeneration of extractant which accumulates oxidised sulphur species from dodecane was also investigated using AC. The additives and process conditions reported in this work are useful for enhancing desulphurization performance., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Vivek V. Ranade reports a relationship with VIVIRA Process Technologies Pvt. ltd. that includes: board membership., (Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2022
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38. Mini-Medical school empowers community members to advocate for their and others health.

Author

Saunders S, Allen R, Amr S, Colgan R, and St George DM

Subjects
Adolescent, Female, Health Education, Humans, Program Evaluation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine, Schools, Medical
Abstract

Purpose: Over the past three decades, the term Mini-Medical School (MMS) has been used to describe programs offered by schools of medicine, which provide health education to the lay public and health career exposure to youth. The University of Maryland School of Medicine has operated an MMS program since 2001. The purpose of this study was to assess the sociodemographic characteristics of MMS participants and the impacts of this program on their health., Methods: We analyzed anonymous post-completion program evaluation survey responses and we conducted focus groups with some of the participants who had attended the program for ≥10 years., Results: Most of the MMS participants were women (84%, n = 72), ≥55 years of age (88%), and well-educated (58% with college degree and higher); and 59% had attended the program for ≥5 years. The focus group discussions revealed acquisition of medical knowledge and community outreach as recurring themes; the former leading to empowerment of the participants for better self-care and care for others, while the latter driving them to health education and advocacy. Most of the participants showed interest in becoming "ambassadors" in their respective communities., Conclusion: The health information provided by the MMS program is well-received and even anticipated by its participants. It has empowered them to care for themselves and for others by making them educated consumers and health advocates in their community. The MMS program should work with the School's community partners to make this resource more widely accessible, particularly to populations experiencing the most health disparities., (Copyright © 2021 National Medical Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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39. Asymptomatic Bacteriuria.

Author

Colgan R, Jaffe GA, and Nicolle LE

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bacteriuria epidemiology, Curriculum, Education, Medical, Continuing, Female, Health Personnel education, Humans, Middle Aged, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications diagnosis, Pregnancy Complications drug therapy, United States epidemiology, Urinary Tract Infections epidemiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Asymptomatic Diseases, Bacteriuria diagnosis, Bacteriuria drug therapy, Urinary Tract Infections diagnosis, Urinary Tract Infections drug therapy, Urinary Tract Infections urine
Abstract

Asymptomatic bacteriuria, defined as the presence of bacteria in the urine in the absence of urinary symptoms, is a common clinical finding that often warrants a decision about whether to initiate antimicrobial therapy. There are few indications to treat asymptomatic bacteriuria, and inappropriate treatment contributes to the development of antimicrobial resistance. In 2019, the Infectious Diseases Society of America revised its 2005 guidelines on asymptomatic bacteriuria, incorporating new evidence. The updated guidelines recommend screening and appropriate treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women and in individuals undergoing endourological procedures associated with mucosal trauma. The guidelines recommend against screening and treatment in infants and children; healthy adults, including nonpregnant pre- and postmenopausal women; and patients with diabetes mellitus, long-term indwelling catheters, or spinal cord injuries. The guidelines also recommend against screening and treatment in patients undergoing nonurological surgery, patients who have had a kidney transplant more than one month prior, recipients of other solid organ transplants, or those with impaired voiding following spinal cord injury. Although delirium in older adults can be caused by a urinary tract infection, the guidelines recommend that patients with delirium and no urinary or systemic symptoms be assessed for other causes of delirium, rather than initiating treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria, because treatment has not been shown to have any beneficial effect on clinical outcomes.

Published
2020

40. Prospects for observing and localizing gravitational-wave transients with Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA.

Author

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Hammond G, Haney M, Hanke MM, Hanks J, Hanna C, Hannam MD, Hannuksela OA, Hanson J, Hardwick T, Haris K, Harms J, Harry GM, Harry IW, Hasegawa K, Haster CJ, Haughian K, Hayakawa H, Hayama K, Hayes FJ, Healy J, Heidmann A, Heintze MC, Heitmann H, Hello P, Hemming G, Hendry M, Heng IS, Hennig J, Heptonstall AW, Heurs M, Hild S, Himemoto Y, Hinderer T, Hiranuma Y, Hirata N, Hirose E, Hoak D, Hochheim S, Hofman D, Holgado AM, Holland NA, Holt K, Holz DE, Hong Z, Hopkins P, Horst C, Hough J, Howell EJ, Hoy CG, Hreibi A, Hsieh BH, Huang GZ, Huang PW, Huang YJ, Huerta EA, Huet D, Hughey B, Hulko M, Husa S, Huttner SH, Huynh-Dinh T, Idzkowski B, Iess A, Ikenoue B, Imam S, Inayoshi K, Ingram C, Inoue Y, Inta R, Intini G, Ioka K, Irwin B, Isa HN, Isac JM, Isi M, Itoh Y, Iyer BR, Izumi K, Jacqmin T, Jadhav SJ, Jani K, Janthalur NN, Jaranowski P, Jenkins AC, Jiang J, Johnson DS, Jones AW, Jones DI, Jones R, Jonker RJG, Ju L, Jung K, Jung P, Junker J, Kajita T, Kalaghatgi CV, Kalogera V, Kamai B, Kamiizumi M, Kanda N, Kandhasamy S, Kang GW, Kanner JB, Kapadia SJ, Karki S, Karvinen KS, Kashyap R, Kasprzack M, Katsanevas S, Katsavounidis E, Katzman W, Kaufer S, Kawabe K, Kawaguchi K, Kawai N, Kawasaki T, Keerthana NV, Kéfélian F, Keitel D, Kennedy R, Key JS, Khalili FY, Khan H, Khan I, Khan S, Khan Z, Khazanov EA, Khursheed M, Kijbunchoo N, Kim C, Kim C, Kim JC, Kim J, Kim K, Kim W, Kim WS, Kim YM, Kimball C, Kimura N, King EJ, King PJ, Kinley-Hanlon M, Kirchhoff R, Kissel JS, Kita N, Kitazawa H, Kleybolte L, Klika JH, Klimenko S, Knowles TD, Knyazev E, Koch P, Koehlenbeck SM, Koekoek G, Kojima Y, Kokeyama K, Koley S, Komori K, Kondrashov V, Kong AKH, Kontos A, Koper N, Korobko M, Korth WZ, Kotake K, Kowalska I, Kozak DB, Kozakai C, Kozu R, Kringel V, Krishnendu N, Królak A, Kuehn G, Kumar A, Kumar P, Kumar R, Kumar R, Kumar S, Kume J, Kuo CM, Kuo HS, Kuo L, Kuroyanagi S, Kusayanagi K, Kutynia A, Kwak K, Kwang S, Lackey BD, Lai KH, Lam TL, Landry M, Lane BB, Lang RN, Lange J, Lantz B, Lanza RK, Lartaux-Vollard A, Lasky PD, Laxen M, Lazzarini A, Lazzaro C, Leaci P, Leavey S, Lecoeuche YK, Lee CH, Lee HK, Lee HM, Lee HW, Lee J, Lee K, Lee RK, Lehmann J, Lenon A, Leonardi M, Leroy N, Letendre N, Levin Y, Li J, Li KJL, Li TGF, Li X, Lin CY, Lin F, Lin FL, Lin LCC, Linde F, Linker SD, Littenberg TB, Liu GC, Liu J, Liu X, Lo RKL, Lockerbie NA, London LT, Longo A, Lorenzini M, Loriette V, Lormand M, Losurdo G, Lough JD, Lousto CO, Lovelace G, Lower ME, Lück H, Lumaca D, Lundgren AP, Luo LW, Lynch R, Ma Y, Macas R, Macfoy S, MacInnis M, Macleod DM, Macquet A, Magaña-Sandoval F, Zertuche LM, Magee RM, Majorana E, Maksimovic I, Malik A, Man N, Mandic V, Mangano V, Mansell GL, Manske M, Mantovani M, Marchesoni F, Marchio M, Marion F, Márka S, Márka Z, Markakis C, Markosyan AS, Markowitz A, Maros E, Marquina A, Marsat S, Martelli F, Martin IW, Martin RM, Martynov DV, Mason K, Massera E, Masserot A, Massinger TJ, Masso-Reid M, Mastrogiovanni S, Matas A, Matichard F, 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DJ, Strain KA, Stratta G, Strigin SE, Strunk A, Sturani R, Stuver AL, Sudhir V, Sugimoto R, Summerscales TZ, Sun L, Sunil S, Suresh J, Sutton PJ, Suzuki T, Suzuki T, Swinkels BL, Szczepańczyk MJ, Tacca M, Tagoshi H, Tait SC, Takahashi H, Takahashi R, Takamori A, Takano S, Takeda H, Takeda M, Talbot C, Talukder D, Tanaka H, Tanaka K, Tanaka K, Tanaka T, Tanaka T, Tanioka S, Tanner DB, Tápai M, Martin ENTS, Taracchini A, Tasson JD, Taylor R, Telada S, Thies F, Thomas M, Thomas P, Thondapu SR, Thorne KA, Thrane E, Tiwari S, Tiwari S, Tiwari V, Toland K, Tomaru T, Tomigami Y, Tomura T, Tonelli M, Tornasi Z, Torres-Forné A, Torrie CI, Töyrä D, Travasso F, Traylor G, Tringali MC, Trovato A, Trozzo L, Trudeau R, Tsang KW, Tsang TTL, Tse M, Tso R, Tsubono K, Tsuchida S, Tsukada L, Tsuna D, Tsuzuki T, Tuyenbayev D, Uchikata N, Uchiyama T, Ueda A, Uehara T, Ueno K, Ueshima G, Ugolini D, Unnikrishnan CS, Uraguchi F, Urban AL, Ushiba T, Usman SA, Vahlbruch H, Vajente G, Valdes G, Bakel NV, Beuzekom MV, Brand JFJVD, Broeck CVD, Vander-Hyde DC, Schaaf LV, Heijningen JVV, Putten MHPMV, Veggel AAV, Vardaro M, Varma V, Vass S, Vasúth M, Vecchio A, Vedovato G, Veitch J, Veitch PJ, Venkateswara K, Venugopalan G, Verkindt D, Vetrano F, Viceré A, Viets AD, Vine DJ, Vinet JY, Vitale S, Vivanco FH, Vo T, Vocca H, Vorvick C, Vyatchanin SP, Wade AR, Wade LE, Wade M, Walet R, Walker M, Wallace L, Walsh S, Wang G, Wang H, Wang J, Wang JZ, Wang WH, Wang YF, Ward RL, Warden ZA, Warner J, Was M, Watchi J, Weaver B, Wei LW, Weinert M, Weinstein AJ, Weiss R, Wellmann F, Wen L, Wessel EK, Weßels P, Westhouse JW, Wette K, Whelan JT, Whiting BF, Whittle C, Wilken DM, Williams D, Williamson AR, Willis JL, Willke B, Wimmer MH, Winkler W, Wipf CC, Wittel H, Woan G, Woehler J, Wofford JK, Worden J, Wright JL, Wu CM, Wu DS, Wu HC, Wu SR, Wysocki DM, Xiao L, Xu WR, Yamada T, Yamamoto H, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto T, Yancey CC, Yang L, Yap MJ, Yazback M, Yeeles DW, Yokogawa K, Yokoyama J, Yokozawa T, Yoshioka T, Yu H, Yu H, Yuen SHR, Yuzurihara H, Yvert M, Zadrożny AK, Zanolin M, Zeidler S, Zelenova T, Zendri JP, Zevin M, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang T, Zhao C, Zhao Y, Zhou M, Zhou Z, Zhu XJ, Zhu ZH, Zimmerman AB, Zucker ME, and Zweizig J

Abstract

We present our current best estimate of the plausible observing scenarios for the Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA gravitational-wave detectors over the next several years, with the intention of providing information to facilitate planning for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves. We estimate the sensitivity of the network to transient gravitational-wave signals for the third (O3), fourth (O4) and fifth observing (O5) runs, including the planned upgrades of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. We study the capability of the network to determine the sky location of the source for gravitational-wave signals from the inspiral of binary systems of compact objects, that is binary neutron star, neutron star-black hole, and binary black hole systems. The ability to localize the sources is given as a sky-area probability, luminosity distance, and comoving volume. The median sky localization area (90% credible region) is expected to be a few hundreds of square degrees for all types of binary systems during O3 with the Advanced LIGO and Virgo (HLV) network. The median sky localization area will improve to a few tens of square degrees during O4 with the Advanced LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA (HLVK) network. During O3, the median localization volume (90% credible region) is expected to be on the order of 10 5 , 10 6 , 10 7 Mpc 3 for binary neutron star, neutron star-black hole, and binary black hole systems, respectively. The localization volume in O4 is expected to be about a factor two smaller than in O3. We predict a detection count of 1 - 1 + 12 ( 10 - 10 + 52 ) for binary neutron star mergers, of 0 - 0 + 19 ( 1 - 1 + 91 ) for neutron star-black hole mergers, and 17 - 11 + 22 ( 79 - 44 + 89 ) for binary black hole mergers in a one-calendar-year observing run of the HLV network during O3 (HLVK network during O4). We evaluate sensitivity and localization expectations for unmodeled signal searches, including the search for intermediate mass black hole binary mergers., (© The Author(s) 2020.)

Published
2020
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41. Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria: 2019 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

Author

Nicolle LE, Gupta K, Bradley SF, Colgan R, DeMuri GP, Drekonja D, Eckert LO, Geerlings SE, Köves B, Hooton TM, Juthani-Mehta M, Knight SL, Saint S, Schaeffer AJ, Trautner B, Wullt B, and Siemieniuk R

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Bacteriuria diagnosis, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Neutropenia complications, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Transplant Recipients, Urinary Tract Infections drug therapy, Asymptomatic Infections, Bacteriuria drug therapy, Disease Management, Urinary Tract Infections microbiology
Abstract

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is a common finding in many populations, including healthy women and persons with underlying urologic abnormalities. The 2005 guideline from the Infectious Diseases Society of America recommended that ASB should be screened for and treated only in pregnant women or in an individual prior to undergoing invasive urologic procedures. Treatment was not recommended for healthy women; older women or men; or persons with diabetes, indwelling catheters, or spinal cord injury. The guideline did not address children and some adult populations, including patients with neutropenia, solid organ transplants, and nonurologic surgery. In the years since the publication of the guideline, further information relevant to ASB has become available. In addition, antimicrobial treatment of ASB has been recognized as an important contributor to inappropriate antimicrobial use, which promotes emergence of antimicrobial resistance. The current guideline updates the recommendations of the 2005 guideline, includes new recommendations for populations not previously addressed, and, where relevant, addresses the interpretation of nonlocalizing clinical symptoms in populations with a high prevalence of ASB., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Published
2019
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42. Evaluation of organ motion-based robust optimisation for VMAT planning for breast and internal mammary chain radiotherapy.

Author

Dunlop A, Colgan R, Kirby A, Ranger A, and Blasiak-Wal I

Abstract

Aims: In patients undergoing locoregional radiotherapy (RT) for breast cancer including the internal mammary chain (IMC), VMAT has been shown to be superior to tangential-field radiotherapy in terms of target coverage and minimising dose to heart and lungs. In this study we describe and validate organ motion-based robust optimisation for generating breast and locoregional lymph node VMAT plans that are robust to inter-fractional changes., Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study of five patients with left-sided breast cancer requiring locoregional breast radiotherapy including the IMC, non-robust plans were generated in the nominal scenario (planning-CT) and corresponding robust plans were created by optimising over a range of simulated CTs representing worst-case scenario shape changes to the breast. Both plans were re-calculated on CBCT images (n = 67) acquired prior to RT to generate estimates of delivered fractional dose. Plan robustness to inter-fractional changes was assessed in terms of the estimated target coverage and OAR dose., Results: Organ motion-based robust optimisation was able to generate clinically acceptable treatment plans in the nominal scenario on the planning CT with no significant differences to OAR dose between the robust and non-robust planning techniques. All plans (robust and non-robust) achieved the mandatory target coverage requirements. Estimates of delivered dose demonstrated a significant improvement in breast target coverage for the robust plans compared to non-robust plans. For the breast CTV, 92% of the robust plans achieved the optimal D98% > 95% clinical goal as compared to 71% of the non-robust plans (p < 0.01). 94% of robust plans achieved acceptable superficial breast coverage, as compared to 55% for the non-robust technique., Conclusions: Organ motion-based robust optimisation VMAT is able to produce clinically acceptable organ-at-risk sparing plans for locoregional breast radiotherapy (including the IMC) that are robust to inter-fractional changes, therefore reducing the likelihood of reactive adaptive re-planning.

Published
2019
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43. Improving the efficiency of breast radiotherapy treatment planning using a semi-automated approach.

Author

Mitchell RA, Wai P, Colgan R, Kirby AM, and Donovan EM

Subjects
Automation, Female, Humans, Radiotherapy Dosage, Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated methods, Retrospective Studies, Software, Breast Neoplasms radiotherapy, Organs at Risk radiation effects, Particle Accelerators instrumentation, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted methods
Abstract

Objectives: To reduce treatment planning times while maintaining plan quality through the introduction of semi-automated planning techniques for breast radiotherapy., Methods: Automatic critical structure delineation was examined using the Smart Probabilistic Image Contouring Engine (SPICE) commercial autosegmentation software (Philips Radiation Oncology Systems, Fitchburg, WI) for a cohort of ten patients. Semiautomated planning was investigated by employing scripting in the treatment planning system to automate segment creation for breast step-and-shoot planning and create objectives for segment weight optimization; considerations were made for three different multileaf collimator (MLC) configurations. Forty patients were retrospectively planned using the script and a planning time comparison performed., Results: The SPICE heart and lung outlines agreed closely with clinician-defined outlines (median Dice Similarity Coefficient > 0.9); median difference in mean heart dose was 0.0 cGy (range -10.8 to 5.4 cGy). Scripted treatment plans demonstrated equivalence with their clinical counterparts. No statistically significant differences were found for target parameters. Minimal ipsilateral lung dose increases were also observed. Statistically significant (P < 0.01) time reductions were achievable for MLCi and Agility MLC (Elekta Ltd, Crawley, UK) plans (median 4.9 and 5.9 min, respectively)., Conclusions: The use of commercial autosegmentation software enables breast plan adjustment based on doses to organs at risk. Semi-automated techniques for breast radiotherapy planning offer modest reductions in planning times. However, in the context of a typical department's breast radiotherapy workload, minor savings per plan translate into greater efficiencies overall., (© 2016 The Authors. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Physicists in Medicine.)

Published
2017
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44. Slice Encoding for Metal Artefact Correction in magnetic resonance imaging examinations for radiotherapy planning.

Author

Schmidt MA, Panek R, Colgan R, Hughes J, Sohaib A, Saran F, Murray J, Bernard J, Revell P, Nittka M, Leach MO, and Hansen VN

Subjects
Artifacts, Fracture Fixation, Internal instrumentation, Humans, Image Enhancement, Male, Metals, Prostatic Neoplasms radiotherapy, Spine diagnostic imaging, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Prostheses and Implants, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted methods
Abstract

Background and Purpose: Magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) images are degraded in the presence of metallic implants. We investigate whether SEMAC (Slice Encoding for Metal Artifact Correction) MR is advantageous for radiotherapy (RT) planning., Methods: Conventional and SEMAC MR protocols were compared (1.5T). A spine fixation device suspended in gelatine, two patients with spine fixation devices and six patients with bilateral hip replacements were scanned with both conventional and SEMAC protocols. In spine patients the visibility of the spinal canal and spinal cord was assessed; in prostate patients, the visibility of the prostate, pelvic structures and the pelvic girdle., Results: The signal loss volume surrounding the spine fixation device was reduced by approximately 20% when the SEMAC protocol was employed, and registration errors were reduced. For spine patients, the spinal canal was completely visible only using the SEMAC protocol. In hip replacement patients, metal artifacts were local; the signal loss extended to the internal surface of the acetabulum in eight implants with conventional protocols, but only in four using SEMAC., Conclusions: SEMAC MR contributes towards correct co-registration of MR and CT images for RT planning, and is particularly relevant when the TV or OARs are close to implants., (Copyright © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2016
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45. A Life in Medicine.

Author

Colgan R

Subjects
Attitude to Health, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Self Concept, Physicians psychology, Quality of Life
Published
2016

46. Voluntary breath-holding for breast cancer radiotherapy is consistent and stable.

Author

Colgan R, James M, Bartlett FR, Kirby AM, and Donovan EM

Subjects
Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Phantoms, Imaging, Respiration, Retrospective Studies, Videotape Recording, Breast Neoplasms radiotherapy, Breath Holding, Radiotherapy Dosage
Abstract

Objective: To evaluate breath-hold stability and constancy for a voluntary breath-hold (VBH) technique in a retrospective analysis., Methods: Movie loop sequences of electronic portal image data from multiple breath holds in a cohort of 19 patients were used to assess within and between breath-hold stability. In vivo dosimetry data based on electronic portal imaging (EPI) were analysed for 31 VBH patients plus a cohort of free-breathing (FB) patients to provide a reference. A phantom experiment simulated the impact on dose of FB, breath hold and unplanned release of breath hold., Results: 165/174 (93%) movie loop data sets had no detectable displacement. For the remaining 12, median displacement = 1.5 mm and maximum displacement = 3 mm (one patient on one fraction). In vivo dosimetry data analysis showed a median dose difference measured to planned of -0.2% (VBH) and -0.1% (FB). Dose distribution evaluation (γ) pass rates were 84% (VBH) and 91% (FB) including the lung region; 93% and 96% with a lung override. Unplanned release of phantom breath-hold position changed median dose by ≤1% and degraded γ pass rates to 79-62%. Failing regions were mostly in the periphery of the treated volume., Conclusion: The data confirmed that multiple VBHs using visual monitoring are stable; in vivo dose verification via EPI was within expected and acceptable levels., Advances in Knowledge: These data provide further reassurance that VBH is a safe technique for cardiac sparing breast radiotherapy and support its rapid, widespread implementation.

Published
2015
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47. The use of ozone to extend the shelf-life and maintain quality of fresh produce.

Author

Glowacz M, Colgan R, and Rees D

Subjects
Humans, Nutritive Value, Food Preservation, Food Quality, Food Storage, Fruit chemistry, Fruit microbiology, Ozone chemistry, Vegetables chemistry, Vegetables microbiology
Abstract

Fresh produce has been recognised as a healthy food, thus there is increasing consumer demand for fresh fruit and vegetables. The shelf-life of fresh produce, however, is relatively short and is limited by microbial contamination or visual, textural and nutritional quality loss. There are many methods to reduce/eliminate microorganisms present in food and ozone treatment is one of them. The use of ozone by the fresh produce industry is a good alternative to chemical treatments, e.g. the use of chlorine. The effectiveness of ozone as an antimicrobial agent has previously been reviewed and has been updated here, with the latest findings. The main focus of this review is on the effects of ozone on the fresh produce quality, defined by maintenance of texture, visual quality, taste and aroma, and nutritional content. Furthermore, ozone has been found to be efficient in reducing pesticide residues from the produce. The treatments that have the ability to reduce microbial contamination of the product without having an adverse effect on its visual, textural and nutritional quality can be recommended and subsequently incorporated into the supply chain. A good understanding of all the benefits and limitations related to the use of ozone is needed, and relevant information has been reviewed in this paper., (© 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.)

Published
2015
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49. I remember...it was December.

Author

Colgan R

Subjects
Family psychology, Female, Humans, Physician's Role, House Calls, Physicians, Family
Abstract

William Osler is quoted as saying, "Nothing will sustain you more potently than the power to recognize in your humdrum routine, as perhaps it may be thought, the true poetry of life-the poetry of the commonplace, of the plain, toil-worn woman, with their loves and their joys, their sorrows and their griefs."(1) A family physician reflects how he continues to derive sustenance from having cared for a dying woman and her family over several home visits in his earliest years of private practice. The author's memory of these house calls continues to reinforce his love for medicine. Today, when physicians are overburdened with countless numbers of interruptions, requirements, and measures we are reminded that one of the things which can maintain our passion for medicine is in realizing that caring for others is the focus of our sacred vocation. By appreciating the impact we have on the lives of those less fortunate, we may find meaning in our own lives.

Published
2014
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