837 results on '"R. Clifford"'
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2. Dust Under the Radar: Rethinking How to Evaluate the Impacts of Dust Events on Air Quality in the United States
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K. Ardon‐Dryer, K. R. Clifford, and J. L. Hand
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dust events ,dust storm ,air quality ,PM10 ,PM2.5 ,Environmental protection ,TD169-171.8 - Abstract
Abstract Dust is an important and complex constituent of the atmospheric system, having significant impacts on the environment, climate, air quality, and human health. Although dust events are common across many regions of the United States, their impacts are not often prioritized in air quality mitigation strategies. We argue that there are at least three factors that result in underestimation of the social and environmental impact of dust events, making them receive less attention. These include (a) sparse monitoring stations with irregular spatial distribution in dust‐influenced regions, (b) inconsistency with dust sampling methods, and (c) sampling frequency and schedules, which can lead to missed dust events or underestimation of dust particle concentrations. Without addressing these three factors, it is challenging to characterize and understand the full air quality impacts of dust events in the United States. This paper highlights the need for additional monitoring to measure these events so that we can more fully evaluate and understand their impacts, as they are predicted to increase with climate change.
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- 2023
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3. Dual antiplatelet therapy (PEGASUS) vs. dual pathway (COMPASS): a head-to-head in vitro comparison
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Cole R. Clifford, Richard G. Jung, Benjamin Hibbert, Aun Yeong Chong, Marie Lordkipanidzé, Jean-Francois Tanguay, and Derek Y.F. So
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direct oral anticoagulants ,dual antiplatelet therapy ,myocardial infarction ,percutaneous coronary intervention ,total thrombus analysis system ,Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor is prescribed for 1-year after myocardial infarction. Two clinical strategies are considered at 1-year: continuation of DAPT or “Dual Pathway” (DP), using aspirin and rivaroxaban. No head-to-head comparative studies exist. In our in-vitro study, 24 samples of donor blood were treated with clinically proven concentrations of 5 antithrombotic regimens: aspirin, ticagrelor, rivaroxaban, DAPT, and DP. Thrombosis was analyzed using the Total Thrombus Analysis System (T-TAS) to measure both antiplatelet and anticoagulant effects. Flow cytometry was performed to quantify platelet activation. DAPT was the most potent antiplatelet regimen, delaying thrombus onset (p
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- 2022
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4. P03 COMBINING SKY92 GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING AND IGH CLONALITY TO EVALUATE GENETIC RISK IN IRISH MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS
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R McAvera, I Drozdz, H Black, T Cichocka, E Szegezdi, J Quinn, P Murphy, P Thornton, M Perera, R Clifford, N Keane, V Mykytiv, E Elhassadi, R Cummins, M O’Dwyer, and S Glavey
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Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
5. Bibliography
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
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- 2018
6. Notes
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
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- 2018
7. Index
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
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- 2018
8. 6. Queering Dante’s Inferno
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
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- 2018
9. 7. Remembering KC
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
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- 2018
10. 4. Sissy Nights at the Spinning Wheel
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
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- 2018
11. 3. The Myth of the Wide-Open Town
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
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- 2018
12. 2. Kansas City’s Jazz Scene
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
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- 2018
13. 5. Crib Girls to Criminals
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
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- 2018
14. 1. Rethinking Kansas City’s Jazz Story
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
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- 2018
15. Acknowledgments
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
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- 2018
16. List of Illustrations
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
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- 2018
17. Contents
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
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- 2018
18. Title Page, Copyright Page
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
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- 2018
19. Outcomes of gynecologic cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: an international, multicenter, prospective CovidSurg-Gynecologic Oncology Cancer study
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Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Siaw-Acheampong, Kwabena, Benson, Ruth A., Bywater, Edward, Chaudhry, Daoud, Dawson, Brett E., Evans, Jonathan P., Glasbey, James C., Gujjuri, Rohan R., Heritage, Emily, Jones, Conor S., Kamarajah, Sivesh K., Khatri, Chetan, Khaw, Rachel A., Keatley, James M., Knight, Andrew, Lawday, Samuel, Li, Elizabeth, Mann, Harvinder S., Marson, Ella J., McLean, Kenneth A., Mckay, Siobhan C., Mills, Emily C., Pellino, Gianluca, Picciochi, Maria, Taylor, Elliott H., Tiwari, Abhinav, Simoes, Joana FF., Trout, Isobel M., Venn, Mary L., Wilkin, Richard JW., Bhangu, Aneel, Abbott, Tom EF., Abukhalaf, Sadi, Adamina, Michel, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., Agarwal, Arnav, Akkulak, Murat, Alameer, Ehab, Alderson, Derek, Alakaloko, Felix, Albertsmeier, Markus, Alser, Osaid, Alshaar, Muhammad, Alshryda, Sattar, Arnaud, Alexis P., Augestad, Knut Magne, Ayasra, Faris, Azevedo, José, Bankhead-Kendall, Brittany K., Barlow, Emma, Beard, David, Blanco-Colino, Ruth, Brar, Amanpreet, Minaya-Bravo, Ana, Breen, Kerry A., Bretherton, Chris, Buarque, Igor Lima, Burke, Joshua, Caruana, Edward J., Chaar, Mohammad, Chakrabortee, Sohini, Christensen, Peter, Cox, Daniel, Cukier, Moises, Cunha, Miguel F., Davidson, Giana H., Desai, Anant, Di Saverio, Salomone, Drake, Thomas M., Edwards, John G., Elhadi, Muhammed, Emile, Sameh, Farik, Shebani, Fiore, Marco, Fitzgerald, J Edward, Ford, Samuel, Garmanova, Tatiana, Gallo, Gaetano, Ghosh, Dhruva, Ataíde Gomes, Gustavo Mendonça, Grecinos, Gustavo, Griffiths, Ewen A., Gruendl, Magdalena, Halkias, Constantine, Harrison, Ewen M., Hisham, Intisar, Hutchinson, Peter J., Hwang, Shelley, Isik, Arda, Jenkinson, Michael D., Jonker, Pascal, MA Kaafarani, Haytham, Keller, Debby, Kolias, Angelos, Kruijff, Schelto, Lawani, Ismail, Lederhuber, Hans, Leventoglu, Sezai, Litvin, Andrey, Loehrer, Andrew, Löffler, Markus W., Lorena, Maria Aguilera, Modolo, Maria Marta, Major, Piotr, Martin, Janet, Mashbari, Hassan N., Mazingi, Dennis, Metallidis, Symeon, Mohan, Helen M., Moore, Rachel, Moszkowicz, David, Moug, Susan, Ng-Kamstra, Joshua S., Maimbo, Mayaba, Negoi, Ionut, Niquen, Milagros, Ntirenganya, Faustin, Olivos, Maricarmen, Oussama, Kacimi, Outani, Oumaima, Parreno-Sacdalanm, Marie Dione, Pata, Francesco, Perez Rivera, Carlos Jose, Pinkney, Thomas D., van der Plas, Willemijn, Pockney, Peter, Qureshi, Ahmad, Radenkovic, Dejan, Ramos-De la Medina, Antonio, Richards, Toby, Roberts, Keith, Roslani, April C., Rutegård, Martin, Segura-Sampedro, Juan José, Santos, Irène, Satoi, Sohei, Sayyed, Raza, Schache, Andrew, Schnitzbauer, Andreas A., Seyi-Olajide, Justina O., Sharma, Neil, Shaw, Catherine A., Shaw, Richard, Shu, Sebastian, Soreide, Kjetil, Spinelli, Antonino, Stewart, Grant D., Sund, Malin, Sundar, Sudha, Tabiri, Stephen, Townend, Philip, Tsoulfas, Georgios, van Ramshorst, Gabrielle H., Vidya, Raghavan, Vimalachandran, Dale, Warren, Oliver J., Wedderburn, Duane, Wright, Naomi, Booth, Lesley, Barker, Neil, Cooke, Shirley, Doré, Suzanne, Horwood, Nigel, Runigamugabo, Emmy, Weir, Carrie Tierney, Dajti I, Albania, C, Allemand, LA, Boccalatte, M, Figari, M, Lamm, J, Larrañaga, C, Marchitelli, F, Noll, D, Odetto, M, Perrotta, J, Saadi, L, Zamora, Ballester, A.M., KE, Tapper, N, Zeff, JI, Valenzuela, C, Alurralde, J, Anastasio, Perez de Nucci A, Apas, EL, Caram, D, Eskinazi, JP, Mendoza, M, Usandivaras, R, Badra, A, Esteban, JS, García, PM, García, JI, Gerchunoff, Lucchini, S.M., NIgra, M.A., L, Vargas, T, Hovhannisyan, A, Stepanyan, CE, Vasey, EGR, Watson, C, Ip, J, Kealey, CSH, Lim, S, Sengupta, S, Ward, E, Wong, T, Gould, R, Gourlay, B, Griffiths, S, Gananadha, M, McLaren, J, Cecire, N, Joshi, S, Salindera, A, Sutherland, JH, Ahn, G, Charlton, S, Chen, N, Gauri, R, Hayhurst, S, Jang, F, Jia, C, Mulligan, W, Yang, G, Ye, H, Zhang, M, Ballal, D, Gibson, D, Hayne, H, McMillan, J, Moss, MJ, Pugliese, T, Richards, YTN, Seow, A, Thian, P, Viswambaram, UG, Vo, J, Bennetts, T, Bright, Brooke-Smith, M., R, Fong, B, Gricks, L, Huang, YH, Lam, A, Nathan, Ong, B.S., E, Ooi, M, Szpytma, D, Watson, K, Bagraith, S, Caird, E, Chan, C, Dawson, D, Ho, N, Hui, S, Izwan, E, Jeyarajan, S, Jordan, R, Liang, A, Lim, GJ, Nolan, A, Oar, D, Parker, H, Puhalla, A, Quennell, L, Rutherford, C, Sommerville, P, Townend, Papen M, Von, M, Wullschleger, AC, Dawson, A, Drane, A, Blatt, D, Cope, N, Egoroff, M, Fenton, J, Gani, N, Lott, P, Pockney, N, Shugg, M, Elliott, D, Phung, D, Phan, D, Townend, C, Bong, J, Gundara, A, Frankel, S, Bowman, GR, Guerra, N, Gerns, S, McGeorge, A, Riddell, M, Roberts, N, Rukin, J, Bolt, K, Buddingh, Dudi-Venkata, N.N., S, Jog, HM, Kroon, T, Sammour, R, Smith, C, Stranz, M, Batstone, K, Lah, W, McGahan, D, Mitchell, A, Morton, A, Pearce, G, Sheahan, B, Swinson, A, Waldron, P, Walker, N, Alam, S, Banting, L, Chong, P, Choong, S, Clatworthy, D, Foley, A, Fox, MW, Hii, B, Knowles, J, Mack, M, Read, A, Rowcroft, G, Wright, EWY, Lun, M, Lanner, J, Burtscher, Trivik-Barrientos, F., I, Königsrainer, M, Bauer, C, Freyschlag, M, Kafka, F, Messner, D, Öfner, I, Tsibulak, S, Holawe, M, Zimmermann, K, Emmanuel, M, Grechenig, R, Gruber, M, Harald, L, Öhlberger, J, Presl, A, Wimmer, İ, Namazov, E, Samadov, D, Barker, R, Boyce, S, Corbin, A, Doyle, A, Eastmond, R, Gill, A, Haynes, S, Millar, M, O’Shea, G, Padmore, N, Paquette, E, Phillips, John S, St., K, Walkes, J, Abeloos, Backer T, De, Ceulaer J, De, C, Dick, Diez-Fraile, A., P, Lamoral, C, Spaas, W, Ceelen, P, Pattyn, D, Van de putte, Nieuwenhove Y, Van, Ramshorst G, Van, Willaert, W., Bazzett-Matabele, L., SP, Chiyapo, Ramogola-Masire, D., G, Ramontshonyana, A, Seiphetlheng, P, Vuylsteke, EA, Abdallah, Júnior S, Aguiar, G, Baiocchi, GB, Carvalho, FJF, Coimbra, LP, Kowalski, F, Makdissi, N, Marques, T, Marques, Santos S, Soares Dos, Gonçalves B, Tirapelli, JG, Vartanian, Reis R, Dos, P, Camara, Lima RK, De, Giustina E, Della, PV, Hoffmann, A, Gatti, C, Nardi, R, Oliva, L, Nacif, Ferro C, Carvalho, Ataíde G, Gomes Mendonça, Buarque I, Lima, A, Lira 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T, Madani, Phang, P.T., M, Raval, K, Tom, Abou-Khalil, J., A, Martel, C, Nessim, J, Stevenson, Riyami S, Al, K, Bali, D, Bigam, K, Dajani, A, Dell, MM, Modolo, Nieto P, Ramirez, R, Sepulveda, A, Molero, A, Bolbaran, I, Ruiz, F, Heredia, F, Bellolio, N, Besser, E, Grasset, JO, Guaman, M, Inzunza, MJ, Irarrázaval, C, Jarry, Martinic M, Quintana, Altamirano C, Riquoir, Manqui CA, Romero, Esquide M, Ruiz, Añazco C, Vargas, A, Almeciga, A, Fletcher, A, Merchan, T, Quijano, D, Sanabria, Arias-Amézquita, F., C, Cétares, Murgueitio N, Cortes, Gomez-Mayorga, J.L., Herrera-Almario, G., J, Rodriguez, P, Iglesias, LO, Puentes, JA, Calvache, Orozco-Chamorro, C.M., DA, Rojas, Sánchez-Gómez, A., M, Abadia, J, Acosta, Aristizabal J, Angel, A, Bonilla, L, Caicedo, Quiroz PH, Calderon, Bonilla S, Cervera, S, Diaz, H, Facundo, Mora M, Garcia, O, Guevara, L, Guzman, Mora DR, Herrera, Ramirez LJ, Jimenez, C, Lehmann, E, Manrique, I, Mariño, M, Medina, Morales RE, Pinilla, A, Puerto, Horta J, Puerto, M, Quintero, Ferro M, Rey, A, Saénz, D, Santana, W, Serrano, O, Suescun, Sanchez LM, Trujillo, Cuasquen BG, Velasquez, Quevedo J , Bogota, Mendoza, G, Bačić, D, Karlović, D, Kršul, M, Zelić, I, Luksic, M, Mamic, I, Bacic, B, Bakmaz, I, Ćoza, E, Dijan, Z, Katusic, J, Mihanovic, D, Morović, I, Rakvin, H, Almezghwi, K, Arslan, H, Besim, A, Özant, N, Özçay, K, Frantzeskou, N, Gouvas, G, Kokkinos, P, Papatheodorou, I, Pozotou, O, Stavrinidou, A, Yiallourou, L, Martinek, M, Skrovina, M, Straka, I, Szubota, M, Peteja, J, Žatecký, V, Javurkova, J, Klat, S, Antony, T, Avlund, KD, Berg, M, Borre, P, Christensen, MC, Elkjær, A, Ernst, SK, Fensman, M, Haldrup, JL, Harbjerg, LH, Iversen, Jensen, P.T., TD, Jeppesen, DW, Kjaer, HØ, Kristensen, N, Lund, Axelsen S, Maigaard, M, Mekhael, N, Mikic, EB, Ostenfeld, AL, Ebbehøj, P, Krarup, N, Schlesinger, H, Smith, S, Batista, A, Crespo, PJ, Díaz, R, Rivas, Rodriguez-Abreu, J., N, Tactuk, Kassas M, El, W, Omar, A, Tawheed, M, Talaat, A, Abdelsamed, AY, Azzam, H, Salem, A, Seleim, A, Abdelmajeed, M, Abdou, NE, Abosamak, Sayed M, A.L., F, Ashoush, R, Atta, E, Elazzazy, M, Elnemr, Hewalla ME, Elsayed, I, Elsherbini, E, Essam, M, Ewedah, I, Ghallab, E, Hassan, M, Ibrahim, M, Metwalli, M, Mourad, Qatora, M.S., M, Ragab, A, Sabry, H, Saifeldin, A, Samih, Abdelaal A, Samir, S, Shehata, K, Shenit, D, Attia, N, Kamal, N, Osman, Abbas, A.M., Elazeem HAS, Abd, Abd-Elkariem, A.Y., MM, Abdelkarem, S, Alaa, M, Ashraf, A, Ayman, MG, Azizeldine, H, Elkhayat, Mashhour A, Emad, M, Gaber, HM, Hamza, I, Hawal, HF, Hetta, Ali A, K., S, M.elghazaly, MM, Mohammed, FA, Monib, Nageh, M.A., A, Saad, MM, Saad, M, Shahine, EA, Yousof, A, Youssef, El-Deeb, M., M, Fawzy, G, Ghaly, M, Ibraheem, A, Eldaly, E, Esmail, M, ElFiky, A, Nabil, M, Alrahawy, A, Sakr, H, Soliman, H, Soltan, G, Amira, I, Sallam, M, Sherief, A, Sherif, A, Abdelrahman, H, Aboulkassem, R, Hamdy, A, Morsi, G, Sherif, H, Abdeldayem, Salama I, Abdelkader, M, Balabel, Y, Fayed, AE, Sherif, R, Elmorsi, S, Emile, B, Refky, S, Abd-elsalam, H, Badr, M, Elbahnasawy, M, Elzoghby, M, Essa, Badr S, Gamal, A, Ghoneim, O, Hamad, M, Hamada, M, Hammad, A, Hawila, Morsy, M.S., S, Salman, S, Sarsik, K, Bekele, JH, Kauppila, E, Sarjanoja, O, Helminen, H, Huhta, C, Beyrne, L, Jouffret, L, Lugans, Marie-Macron, L., E, Chouillard, Simone B, De, F, Fredon, A, Roux, J, Bettoni, S, Dakpé, B, Devauchelle, N, Lavagen, S, Testelin, S, Boucher, R, Breheret, A, Gueutier, A, Kahn, Kün-Darbois, J., A, Barrabe, Z, Lakkis, A, Louvrier, S, Manfredelli, P, Mathieu, A, Chebaro, V, Drubay, M, El amrani, C, Eveno, K, Lecolle, G, Legault, L, Martin, G, Piessen, FR, Pruvot, S, Truant, P, Zerbib, Q, Ballouhey, B, Barrat, L, Fourcade, J, Laloze, H, Salle, A, Taibi, J, Tricard, J, Usseglio, D, Bergeat, A, Merdrignac, Roy B, Le, LO, Perotto, A, Scalabre, H, Gornes, C, Vaysse, K, Vergriete, A, Aimé, A, Ezanno, B, Malgras, AP, Arnaud, E, Fustec, V, Lavoue, C, Tesson, P, Bouche, S, Tzedakis, E, Cotte, O, Glehen, J, Lifante, L, Bendjemar, H, Braham, L, Charre, Arbi N, El, L, Morel-chevillet, A, Police, V, Villefranque, E, Volpin, A, D’Urso, E, Felli, D, Mutter, P, Pessaux, B, Seeliger, Y, Barbé, J, Bardet, E, Barret, R, Berry, G, Boddaert, S, Bonnet, E, Brian, N, Cathala, X, Cathelineau, C, Denet, D, Fuks, D, Gossot, M, Grigoroiu, A, Laforest, Levy-Zauberman, Y., Louis-Sylvestre, C., P, Macek, A, Mombet, A, Moumen, G, Pourcher, F, Rozet, Salas R, Sanchez, A, Seguin-givelet, E, Tribillon, V, Crenn, Vergie S, De, E, Duchalais, F, Espitalier, C, Ferron, H, Fragnaud, O, Malard, N, Regenet, J, Rigaud, Y, Varenne, D, Waast, U, Bork, M, Distler, J, Fritzmann, J, Kirchberg, C, Praetorius, C, Riediger, J, Weitz, T, Welsch, P, Wimberger, K, Beyer, C, Kamphues, J, Lauscher, FN, Loch, C, Schineis, M, Albertsmeier, M, Angele, A, Kappenberger, H, Niess, T, Schiergens, J, Werner, R, Becker, J, Jonescheit, J, Doerner, R, Seiberth, I, Pergolini, D, Reim, J, Herzberg, H, Honarpisheh, T, Strate, C, Boeker, I, Hakami, J, Mall, P, Liokatis, W, Smolka, N, Vassos, Mannheim, K, Nowak, T, Reinhard, F, Hölzle, A, Modabber, P, Winnand, M, Anthuber, E, Shiban, B, Sommer, F, Sommer, S, Wolf, H, Howaldt, M, Knitschke, P, Kauffmann, S, Wolfer, J, Kleeff, K, Lorenz, C, Michalski, U, Ronellenfitsch, Saale, Schneider R., E, Bertolani, A, Königsrainer, MW, Löffler, M, Quante, C, Steidle, L, Überrück, C, Yurttas, CS, Betz, J, Bewarder, A, Böttcher, S, Burg, C, Busch, M, Dreimann, KH, Frosch, M, Gosau, A, Heuer, J, Izbicki, TO, Klatte, D, Koenig, N, Moeckelmann, C, Nitschke, D, Perez, M, Priemel, A, Reiter, R, Smeets, U, Speth, M, Stangenberg, S, Thole, FG, Uzunoglu, L, Viezens, T, Vollkommer, N, Zeller, MJ, Battista, K, Gillen, A, Hasenburg, S, Krajnak, VC, Linz, R, Schwab, Amo-Antwi, K., A, Appiah-kubi, T, Konney, A, Tawiah, S, Boatey, A, Issaka, Korsah, M.A., M, Sheriff, K, Angelou, D, Haidopoulos, A, Rodolakis, P, Antonakis, K, Bramis, L, Chardalias, I, Contis, N, Dafnios, D, Dellaportas, G, Fragulidis, A, Gklavas, M, 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J, McGrath, A, McLennan, M, Ng, J, Pascoe, N, Rajaretnam, N, Angamuthu, S, Bulathsinhala, S, Chowdhury, B, Davidson, G, Fusai, J, Gilliland, C, Hart, Salinas C, Hidalgo, J, Knowles, N, Machairas, R, Mirnezami, T, Pissanou, JM, Pollok, DA, Raptis, F, Soggiu, H, Tzerbinis, M, Varcada, S, Xyda, A, Beamish, E, Davies, R, Foulkes, D, Magowan, H, Nassa, R, Ooi, C, Price, L, Smith, F, Solari, A, Tang, G, Williams, Kahar NN, Abd, Al-Tamimi, Y., A, Bacon, N, Beasley, J, Catto, LH, Chan, D, Chew, M, Crank, N, Ilenkovan, M, Macdonald, B, Narice, O, Rominiyi, S, Saad, S, Sinha, A, Thompson, I, Varley, P, Brennan, T, Drake, EM, Harrison, G, Linder, J, Mayes, R, McGregor, R, Pasricha, RJE, Skipworth, V, Zamvar, P, Hawkin, T, Raymond, O, Ryska, R, Baron, D, Dunne, S, Gahunia, C, Halloran, N, Howes, R, McKinney, F, McNicol, K, Rajput, J, Russ, R, Sutton, P, Szatmary, JR, Tan, P, Whelan, A, Anzak, A, Banerjee, O, Fuwa, F, Hughes, Jayasinghe, J.D., C, Knowles, HM, Kocher, Silva I, Leal, FS, Ledesma, A, 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S, McIntosh, P, Mhandu, C, O’Donnell, R, Turkington, Al-Ishaq, Z., S, Bhasin, AS, Bodla, A, Burahee, A, Crichton, El-Ghobashy, A., R, Fossett, N, Pigadas, E, Rahman, D, Snee, R, Vidya, N, Yassin, D, Fountain, Hasan, M.T., K, Karabatsou, R, Laurente, O, Pathmanaban, C, Barlow, D, Ding, J, Foster, L, Longstaff, Brett-Miller, C., FE, Buruiana, A, Al-mukhtar, J, Edwards, A, Giblin, C, Kelty, M, Lee, G, Lye, T, Newman, A, Sharkey, C, Steele, Shah N, Sureshkumar, E, Whitehall, J, Blair, A, Lakhiani, Parry-Smith, W., B, Sahu, R, Athwal, A, Baker, L, Jones, C, Konstantinou, S, Ramcharan, J, Vatish, R, Wilkin, A, Alzetani, K, Amer, A, Badran, HV, Colvin, M, Ethunandan, GK, Sekhon, Z, Shakoor, H, Shields, R, Singh, T, Talbot, F, Wensley, S, Lawday, A, Lyons, S, Newman, E, Chung, R, Hagger, A, Hainsworth, I, Hunt, A, Karim, H, Owen, A, Ramwell, G, Santhirakumaran, J, Smelt, C, Tan, P, Vaughan, K, Williams, C, Baker, A, Davies, J, Gossage, M, Kelly, W, Knight, S, Bromage, J, Hall, V, Kaushik, M, Rudic, N, Vallabh, Y, Zhang, G, Harris, G, James, C, Kang, DJ, Lin, AD, Rajgor, T, Royle, R, Scurrah, B, Steel, LJ, Watson, D, Choi, R, Hutchison, V, Luoma, HJ, Marcus, R, May, A, Menon, B, Pramodana, L, Webber, A, Hayes, R, Jones, G, Sivarajah, M, Smith, A, Smrke, D, Strauss, FAM, Abouelela, IA, Aneke, P, Asaad, B, Brown, J, Collis, S, Duff, A, Khan, F, Moura, M, Taylor, B, Wadham, H, Warburton, T, Elmoslemany, Jenkinson, M.D., CP, Millward, R, Zakaria, S, Mccluney, C, Parmar, S, Shah, J, Allison, Babar, M.S., J, Bowen, B, Collard, S, Goodrum, K, Lau, M, Sargent, R, Scott, E, Thomas, H, Whitmore, D, Balasubramaniam, B, Jayasankar, S, Kapoor, A, Ramachandran, C, Semple, A, Elhamshary, SMB, Imam, K, Kapriniotis, V, Kasivisvanathan, J, Lindsay, Rakhshani-Moghadam, S., N, Beech, M, Chand, L, Green, N, Kalavrezos, H, Kiconco, R, McEwen, C, Schilling, D, Sinha, J, Pereca, S, Chopra, D, Egbeare, R, Thomas, S, Arumugam, B, Ibrahim, K, Khan, T, Combellack, G, Hill, S, Jones, M, Kornaszewska, M, Mohammed, G, Tahhan, V, Valtzoglou, N, Blencowe, P, Eskander, K, Gash, L, Gourbault, M, Hanna, TA, Maccabe, B, Main, J, Olivier, C, Newton, S, Roswadowski, N, Ryan, E, Teh, D, West, H, Al-omishy, M, Baig, H, Bates, Taranto G, Di, K, Dickson, N, Dunne, C, Gill, D, Howe, D, Jeevan, A, Khajuria, Martin-Ucar, A., K, McEvoy, P, Naredla, S, Robertson, M, Sait, DR, Sarma, S, Shanbhag, T, Shortland, S, Simmonds, J, Skillman, N, Tewari, G, Walton, Akhtar, M.A., A, Brunt, J, McIntyre, K, Milne, MM, Rashid, A, Sgrò, KE, Stewart, A, Turnbull, Abou-Foul, A.K., G, Gossedge, S, O’Donnell, F, Oldfield, S, Thomson, Gonzalez M, Aguilar, S, Talukder, C, Boyle, D, Fernando, K, Gallagher, A, Laird, D, Tham, M, Bath, P, Basnyat, H, Davis, P, Montauban, A, Shrestha, K, Agarwal, T, Arif, C, Magee, T, Nambirajan, S, Powell, R, Vinayagam, I, Flindall, A, Hanson, V, Mahendran, S, Green, M, Lim, L, MacDonald, V, Miu, L, Onos, K, Sheridan, R, Young, F, Alam, O, Griffiths, C, Houlden, VS, Kolli, AK, Lala, S, Leeson, R, Peevor, Z, Seymour, E, Consorti, R, Gonzalez, R, Grolman, Kwan-Feinberg, R., T, Liu, O, Merzlikin, Francisco, San, A, Brown, Z, Cooper, S, Hirji, J, Jolissaint, D, Mahvi, B, Okafor, CP, Raut, V, Roxo, A, Salim, S, Bessen, L, Chen, L, Dagrosa, K, Fay, C, Fleischer, R, Hasson, E, Henderson, M, Leech, A, Loehrer, C, Markey, J, Paydarfar, K, Rosenkranz, K, Telma, N, Tocci, Wilkinson-Ryan, I., M, Bokenkamp, K, Brown, D, Fleming, C, Heron, C, Hill, H, Kay, E, Leede, K, McElhinney, KA, Olson, EC, Osterberg, C, Riley, P, Srikanth, J, Barbour, D, Blazer, GA, DiLalla, O, Fayanju, ES, Hwang, R, Kahmke, H, Kazaure, A, Lazarides, W, Lee, M, Lidsky, C, Menendez, D, Moris, J, Plichta, MC, Pradhan, L, Puscas, HE, Rice, D, Rocke, L, Rosenberger, R, Scheri, Smith, B.D., Stang, M.T., L, Tolnitch, K, Turnage, J, Visgauss, FS, Walton, T, Watts, S, Zani, J, Farma, K, Cardona, MC, Russell, J, Clark, D, Kwon, N, Goel, J, Kronenfeld, B, Bigelow, E, Etchill, Gabre-Kidan, A., H, Jenny, A, Kent, MR, Ladd, C, Long, H, Malapati, A, Margalit, S, Rapaport, J, Rose, K, Stevens, L, Tsai, D, Vervoort, P, Yesantharao, A, Dehal, D, Klaristenfeld, K, Huynh, H, Kaafarani, L, Naar, M, Qadan, L, Brown, I, Ganly, JE, Mullinax, N, Alpert, C, Gillezeau, Miles DDS MD, F.A.C.S.B.A., E, Taioli, DE, Cha, E, Gleeson, C, Horn, U, Sarpel, N, Gusani, J, Hazelton, J, Maines, JS, Oh, A, Ssentongo, P, Ssentongo, A, Bhama, K, Colling, M, Najarian, M, Azam, A, Choudhry, W, Marx, Y, Abedin, G, Arzumanov, R, Chokshi, S, Gabrilovich, N, Glass, E, Kalyoussef, Parvin-Nejad, F.P., D, Roden, J, Stein, Suarez-Ligon, A., G, Tsui, K, Zhao, J, Fleming, A, Fuson, J, Gigliotti, A, Ovaitt, Y, Ying, MK, Abel, V, Andaya, K, Bigay, Boeck, M.A., H, Chern, C, Corvera, El-Sayed, I., A, Glencer, P, Ha, Hamilton, B.C.S., C, Heaton, K, Hirose, Jablons, D.M., KS, Kirkwood, LZ, Kornblith, JR, Kratz, RH, Lee, PN, Miller, EK, Nakakura, Nunez-Garcia, B., RJ, O’Donnell, D, Ozgediz, P, Park, B, Robinson, A, Sarin, B, Sheu, MG, Varma, KC, Wai, R, Wustrack, MJ, Xu, M, Zimel, D, CA) Beswick, J, Goddard, J, Manor, J, Song, Springs/Loveland, Denver/Colorado, A, Cioci, W, Pavlis, K, Rakoczy, G, Ruiz, R, Saberi, T, Fullmer, C, Gaskill, N, Gross, K, Kiong, CL, Roland, SN, Zafar, M, Abdallah, A, Abouassi, E, Aigbivbalu, M, Almasri, J, Eid, B, George, G, Kulkarni, H, Marwan, M, Mehdi, Andrés M, San, J, Sundaresan, SG, Aoun, VS, Ban, HH, Batjer, K, Bosler, J, Caruso, B, Sumer, D, Abbott, A, Acher, T, Aiken, J, Barrett, E, Foley, PB, Schwartz, AT, Hawkins, A, Maiga, NM, Ruzgar, M, Sion, S, Ullrich, J, Laufer, S, Scasso, Al-Naggar, H., Al-Shehari, M., A, Almassaudi, M, Alsayadi, R, Alsayadi, M, Nahshal, S, Shream, S, AL-Ameri, M, Aldawbali, Fotopoulou, Christina, Khan, Tabassum, Bracinik, Juraj, Glasbey, James, Abu-Rustum, Nadeem, Chiva, Luis, Fagotti, Anna, Fujiwara, Keiichi, Ghebre, Rahel, Gutelkin, Murat, Konney, Thomas O., Ng, Joseph, Pareja, Rene, Kottayasamy Seenivasagam, Rajkumar, Sehouli, Jalid, Surappa, Shylasree T.S., and Leung, Elaine
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- 2022
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20. The 'Nuts and Bolts' of Doing Coproduction: Exploring Implementation Decisions in Climate Adaptation Research with Stakeholders
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K. R. Clifford, J. Henderson, Z. McAlear, L. Dilling, B. Duncan, S. Ehert, S. Arens, R. Page, and U. Rick
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Atmospheric Science - Abstract
Developing local climate adaptation strategies that respond to weather and climate extremes is increasingly salient. Coproducing knowledge and climate adaptation strategies can be an important approach to ensuring that they are context specific, meet community needs, and are deemed usable by local decision-makers. Most of the guidance for coproduction has focused on important, overarching themes and ethical considerations like trust, iteration, and flexibility; these are incredibly valuable, but little attention has been focused on specific, highly consequential research decisions that researchers must make that shape project outcomes. Here, we reflect on our experience in a pilot project coproducing climate adaptation knowledge and strategies in six rural communities. We identify eight questions that researchers coproducing science with communities will need to grapple with when designing and conducting research and discuss some of the related trade-offs of each. Topics include community recruitment, champion selection, participant makeup, geography, clarifying expectations, timing, prioritization, and next steps. The questions are broadly applicable to knowledge coproduction and important especially as greater attention is being given to the ethics of doing this work, the power relations, and the potential risk associated with it. We hope that these questions can guide a dialogue for others and motivate explicit discussions of trade-offs involved in planning research that is coproduced with communities. We call for more of this type of self-reflection and sharing across our research community to deepen our knowledge and hopefully lead to a more rapid improvement in outcomes across the many efforts underway today to cocreate climate knowledge for adaptation.
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- 2023
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21. A Mixed Methods Approach for Fuel Characterisation in Gorse (Ulex europaeus L.) Scrub from High-Density UAV Laser Scanning Point Clouds and Semantic Segmentation of UAV Imagery.
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Robin J. L. Hartley, Sam J. Davidson, Michael S. Watt, Peter D. Massam, Samuel Aguilar-Arguello, Katharine O. Melnik, H. Grant Pearce, and Veronica R. Clifford
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- 2022
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22. Practicing critical physical geography: New trading zones and interactional expertise in an expanding field
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Alana M. Rader, Christine Biermann, Stephen M. Chignell, Katherine R. Clifford, Lisa C. Kelley, and Rebecca Lave
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Geography, Planning and Development ,Earth-Surface Processes - Published
- 2023
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23. A climate knowledges approach to climate services
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Katherine R. Clifford, William R. Travis, and Luke T. Nordgren
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Perception ,Climate services ,Information needs ,Resource-based livelihoods ,Meteorology. Climatology ,QC851-999 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
The design of climate services can be improved by a wide variety of user input and understanding of needs based on perceptions. Here we apply findings from in-depth interviews of people whose daily lives interact with climate, weather and a range of natural resources. The interviews are meant to build a nuanced understanding of experienced climate knowledge, and while this approach cannot provide the type of data generated from user surveys, it can reveal local climate perceptions, challenges and understandings that can improve delivery of climate services. Resource users in Colorado’s Gunnison Basin recognize the importance of climate in their livelihoods and want information that fits the scale of their land and resource interactions and that addresses the most salient local and regional climate elements, such as snowpack, runoff, and the timing and character of locally-defined seasons. We also find elements included in local notions of climate that might not arise in a climate needs survey, in this case the problem of dust from a nearby desert region that accumulates on the local snowpack and affects it melt. These findings have implications for the design of climate services, including how local climate perceptions, knowledge, and issues might be better understood and incorporated to improve salience of climate information. The findings presented in this paper, while in some cases distinctive to the study area, can offer guidance for climate services in other contexts.
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- 2020
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24. Power Properties of Multivariate Permutation Tests Relative to Hotelling's T-Square Test in Small Samples.
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Kromrey, Jeffrey D. and Blair, R. Clifford
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New multivariate permutation tests are proposed that may be effectively substituted for Hotelling's T-Square test in situations commonly arising in educational research. The new tests: (1) are distribution-free; (2) provide tests of directional as well as non-directional hypotheses; (3) may be tailored for sensitivity to specific treatment effects; and (4) may be computed when the number of variables is larger than the number of subjects. Comparisons of the power of the permutation tests to that of Hotelling's test suggest substantial advantages in several situations. Results are interpreted in terms of applications to educational research in which multivariate research questions are posed but the number of units for analysis are small. A 20-item list of references and 8 graphs are included. (SLD)
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- 1991
25. Confounding Covariates in Nonrandomized Studies.
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Blair, R. Clifford and Sawilowsky, Shlomo S.
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Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) is a data analysis method that is often used to control extraneous sources of variation in non-equivalent group designs. It is commonly believed that as long as the covariate is highly correlated with the dependent variable there is nothing to lose in using ANCOVA, even in non-randomized studies. This paper examines some of the conditions that lead to successful and unsuccessful criterion source adjustments, and demonstrates that under certain circumstances, ANCOVA may perform in a manner that is antithetical to its intended purpose. Several hypothetical data sets were constructed, each with 70 observations, to illustrate two examples of appropriate ANCOVA use and two examples of inappropriate results. ANCOVA may serve to introduce confounding variables into the analysis when covariates represent differences between groups that are unrelated to outcome measures. Two tables present information from the analyses. A 26-item list of references is included. (Author/SLD)
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- 1991
26. Baroreflex failure as a long-term sequela of head and neck irradiation
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A. J. Clarke, G. Swart, A. R. Clifford, C. Milross, G. M. Halmagyi, and J. Spies
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Neurology ,Neurology (clinical) - Published
- 2022
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27. O093 Manipulating the hypoxia induced radioresistance in rectal cancer
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M Fok, H Fowler, R Clifford, R Hill, G Grundy, J Parsons, and D Vimalachandran
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Surgery - Abstract
Introduction Locally advanced rectal cancer is primarily treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Tumour hypoxia induces strong radioresistance, although the reasons for this characteristic are still unclear. This research explores the mechanistic and biological factors underlying hypoxia-induced radioresistance, and development of novel therapeutic strategies to overcome this. Methods HCT116 and HT29 CRC cell lines were incubated in normoxia (21% O2) and hypoxic conditions (1% O2). Cells were irradiated at varying dosages of x-ray radiation before undergoing clonogenic survival assay, comet assay to assess DNA double strand break damage and repair, or immunobloting to investigate cell death-related factors. HIF1α and HIF1b siRNA knockdowns were used to assess radioresponse in hypoxia. Metformin was used to treat cells prior to radiation and assess cell survival. Results Hypoxia induces strong radioresistance in CRC cells compared to relative normoxia in clonogenic survival assays. Neutral comet assays showed no significant difference in double strand break (DSB) repair kinetics following irradiation in hypoxia compared to normoxia. Immunoblotting analysis demonstrates activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1a (HIF1a) in hypoxia but not in normoxia. HIF1α and HIF1b siRNA knockdowns did not show any improvement in radioresistance. Metformin did not improve radiosensitivity of CRC cells under different oxygen conditions. Conclusion Hypoxia induces strong radioresistance in cultured CRC cells which is not explained by x-ray-induced DSB damage and the efficiency of its repair. HIF1a is activated in hypoxia alone and may contribute to this resistance. Metformin alone is unable to overcome this resistance and other therapeutic targets need to be explored.
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- 2023
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28. O133 Network meta-analysis of neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer
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M Fok, H Fowler, R Clifford, A Kler, J Gittens, S Toh, R Wade, and D Vimalachandran
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Surgery - Abstract
Introduction Locally advanced rectal cancer can be treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy prior to surgical resection. This treatment can significantly downstage rectal tumours and consequently lead to improved long term survival and reduced risk of local reoccurrence. Controversy exists regarding the optimal regime for neoadjuvant therapy. A network meta-analysis allows the integration of multiple treatments to be compared simultaneously in a single analysis. This network meta-analysis aims to assess which neoadjuvant regime gives the highest rate of pathological complete response (pCR). Methods An extensive literature search for randomised controlled trials of neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer was performed. The primary outcome was pCR at surgical resection. Direct and indirect comparisons were performed with a frequentist Network Meta-Analysis and results tested for consistency. Results Following critical appraisal of 3720 studies, 16 randomised control trials were included in the study. Regimes of neoadjuvant therapy included short course radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy or without, long course chemoradiotherapy, long course chemoradiotherapy with either induction of consolidation chemotherapy, and radiotherapy alone (45gy). Short course radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy was shown to produce significantly higher pCR in patients with rectal cancer. Short course radiotherapy without chemotherapy was shown to have the lowest rate of pCR. Conclusion There is strong evidence to suggest that short course chemoradiotherapy is the best regime to produce the highest pCR in patients with rectal cancer.
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- 2023
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29. On environments of not knowing: How some environmental spaces and circulations are made inscrutable
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Adrianne Kroepsch and Katherine R. Clifford
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Sociology and Political Science ,Inclusion (disability rights) ,05 social sciences ,Aquifer management ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0507 social and economic geography ,021107 urban & regional planning ,02 engineering and technology ,Epistemology ,Knowledge production ,Politics ,Environmental politics ,Sociology ,Everyday life ,050703 geography - Abstract
In this paper we develop the concept of “inscrutable spaces” to describe spaces that are made difficult to know by an interplay of biophysical, epistemic, and political economic factors, and whose unintelligibility has serious repercussions for environmental politics and everyday life. We also offer an analytic that can be used to examine how inscrutable spaces are produced and maintained. Together, the concept and analytic provide scholars with tools for examining how and why knowledge is not produced in some environmental spaces despite their importance, as well as how knowledge absences persist over time. After developing the analytic, we apply it to two case studies – one about airborne dust and one about aquifer management – to show how atmospheric and subsurface spaces were actively made inscrutable. A key component of the inscrutable spaces analytic is its inclusion of biophysical attributes in examinations of environmental unintelligibility. Rather than relegating biophysical dynamics to the background, the framework encourages analysts to investigate how biophysical factors interact with epistemic and political economic influences to produce gaps in environmental knowledge production that are persistent and consequential. The utility of this approach is three-fold: (1) working to tease these factors apart makes the impacts of each more discernible; (2) putting them back together again highlights how they interact to produce and maintain inscrutable spaces and circulations; and (3) leveraging a systematic approach to analyzing inscrutability allows for fruitful comparisons among case studies that can illuminate broader trends in the (non)production of environmental knowledge.
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- 2022
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30. Outcomes in Patients Stratified by PRECISE-DAPT Versus DAPT Scores After Percutaneous Coronary Interventions
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Trevor Simard, Marino Labinaz, Christopher Glover, Derek So, Cole R Clifford, Aun-Yeong Chong, Alexander Dick, Alyssa Chow, Q. Barry, Rene Boudreau, Michael Froeschl, U. Tran, Benjamin Hibbert, A. Fu, Michel R. Le May, and Juan J Russo
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,animal structures ,Percutaneous ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Psychological intervention ,Individualized treatment ,Risk Assessment ,Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ,Postoperative Complications ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Stent implantation ,In patient ,Registries ,cardiovascular diseases ,Acute Coronary Syndrome ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Ontario ,Postoperative Care ,business.industry ,Dual Anti-Platelet Therapy ,Incidence ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,Middle Aged ,Conventional PCI ,Cardiology ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
The optimal length of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains debated. Current guidelines recommend individualized treatment with consideration of risk scores. We sought to evaluate the degree of agreement in treatment recommendations and the ability to predict ischemic and bleeding complications of the PRECISE-DAPT (predicting bleeding complications in patients undergoing stent implantation and subsequent dual antiplatelet therapy) and DAPT scores. Consecutive patients receiving 12 months of DAPT were grouped based on score treatment recommendation at the time of PCI: PRECISE-DAPT prolonged or shortened (PRECISE DAPT25 vs ≥25) and DAPT prolonged or shortened (DAPT ≥2 vs2). One-year ischemic and bleeding outcomes were compared for each group. In 451 patients, the PRECISE-DAPT and DAPT score recommendations were concordant in 56.7% of patients (Cohen's kappa for agreement of k = 0.139, 95% confidence interval 0.065 to 0.212). There was no difference in composite major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events between patients with high versus low PRECISE-DAPT or DAPT scores. In patients with a high PRECISE-DAPT score versus a low score, there was an increased incidence of 1-year all-cause mortality (2.13% vs 0%, p = 0.04) and an increase in bleeding (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium ≥3a: 17.0% vs 2.8%; p0.001; Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 3b/c and 5: 8.5% vs 1.4%; p = 0.001). There were no differences in rates of mortality or bleeding for patients with high versus low DAPT scores. In conclusion, when applied at the baseline, the PRECISE-DAPT and DAPT scores frequently make discordant DAPT duration recommendations. The PRECISE-DAPT, but not the DAPT score, demonstrated associations with all-cause mortality and bleeding in patients prescribed 12 months of DAPT after PCI.
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- 2021
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31. The association of PRECISE-DAPT score with ischaemic outcomes in patients taking dual antiplatelet therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis
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Derek So, Nikita Malhotra, Nathan Orr, Cole R Clifford, Q. Barry, Sarah Visintini, Rene Boudreau, and A. Fu
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medicine.medical_specialty ,animal structures ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Population ,Ischemia ,Hemorrhage ,Brain Ischemia ,Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,In patient ,Myocardial infarction ,education ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,medicine.disease ,Stroke ,Increased risk ,Meta-analysis ,Conventional PCI ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors - Abstract
Aims The PRECISE-DAPT (Predicting Bleeding Complication in Patients Undergoing Stent Implantation and Subsequent Dual Antiplatelet Therapy) score identifies patients at high risk of bleeding complications following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). International guidelines recommend the PRECISE-DAPT score to identify patients at high risk for bleeding, who may benefit from shortened dual antiplatelet therapy. The association of the PRECISE-DAPT score with ischaemic outcomes remains unclear. We performed a meta-analysis investigating the association between a high PRECISE-DAPT score and ischaemic outcomes. Methods and results A comprehensive literature search was conducted on articles published between 11 March 2017 and 5 June 2021. Two reviewers independently screened articles for inclusion using pre-defined criteria. The outcome measures extracted included composite ischaemic events, major bleeding events, and all-cause mortality. A random effects model was applied to obtain combined risk estimates for outcomes. From 12 included studies, there were 39 459 patients with PRECISE-DAPT Conclusion Patients with a PRECISE-DAPT score ≥25 are at increased risk for ischaemic events, bleeding, and all-cause mortality. Prospective evaluation of a PRECISE-DAPT guided approach to antiplatelet therapy is required to demonstrate benefit in this high-risk population.
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- 2021
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32. Responding to Ecological Transformation: Mental Models, External Constraints, and Manager Decision-Making
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Amanda E. Cravens, Katherine R. Clifford, and Corrine N. Knapp
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Process management ,Computer science ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Transformation (music) - Abstract
Ecological transformation creates many challenges for public natural resource management and requires managers to grapple with new relationships to change and new ways to manage it. In the context of unfamiliar trajectories of ecological change, a manager can resist, accept, or direct change, choices that make up the resist-accept-direct (RAD) framework. In this article, we provide a conceptual framework for how to think about this new decision space that managers must navigate. We identify internal factors (mental models) and external factors (social feasibility, institutional context, and scientific uncertainty) that shape management decisions. We then apply this conceptual framework to the RAD strategies (resist, accept, direct) to illuminate how internal and external factors shape those decisions. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of how this conceptual framework shapes our understanding of management decisions, especially how these decisions are not just ecological but also social, and the implications for research and management.
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- 2021
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33. Management Foundations for Navigating Ecological Transformation by Resisting, Accepting, or Directing Social–Ecological Change
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Wylie Carr, Dawn R. Magness, John M. Morton, F. Stuart Chapin, Jean Brennan, Katherine R. Clifford, Helen R. Sofaer, Linh Hoang, R. Travis Belote, and Wendy Morrison
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Environmental ethics ,Sociology ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Transformation (music) - Abstract
Despite striking global change, management to ensure healthy landscapes and sustained natural resources has tended to set objectives on the basis of the historical range of variability in stationary ecosystems. Many social–ecological systems are moving into novel conditions that can result in ecological transformation. We present four foundations to enable a transition to future-oriented conservation and management that increases capacity to manage change. The foundations are to identify plausible social–ecological trajectories, to apply upstream and deliberate engagement and decision-making with stakeholders, to formulate management pathways to desired futures, and to consider a portfolio approach to manage risk and account for multiple preferences across space and time. We use the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska as a case study to illustrate how the four foundations address common land management challenges for navigating transformation and deciding when, where, and how to resist, accept, or direct social–ecological change.
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- 2021
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34. Pericyte infection by HIV-1: a fatal attraction
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Oandy Naranjo, Silvia Torices, Paul R. Clifford, Manav T. Daftari, Olivia M. Osborne, Nikolai Fattakhov, and Michal Toborek
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Infectious Diseases ,Virology - Abstract
While HIV-1 is primarily an infection of CD4 + T cells, there is an emerging interest towards understanding how infection of other cell types can contribute to HIV-associated comorbidities. For HIV-1 to cross from the blood stream into tissues, the virus must come in direct contact with the vascular endothelium, including pericytes that envelope vascular endothelial cells. Pericytes are multifunctional cells that have been recognized for their essential role in angiogenesis, vessel maintenance, and blood flow rate. Most importantly, recent evidence has shown that pericytes can be a target of HIV-1 infection and support an active stage of the viral life cycle, with latency also suggested by in vitro data. Pericyte infection by HIV-1 has been confirmed in the postmortem human brains and in lungs from SIV-infected macaques. Moreover, pericyte dysfunction has been implicated in a variety of pathologies ranging from ischemic stroke to diabetes, which are common comorbidities among people with HIV-1. In this review, we discuss the role of pericytes during HIV-1 infection and their contribution to the progression of HIV-associated comorbidities.
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- 2022
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35. P14 Early predictive markers of clinical response to Mepolizumab- a clinical, biochemical and immunogenic perspective
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YL Pang, R Clifford, L Matthews, C Clayton, H Lee, K Rakkar, I Stewart, T Harrison, T McKeever, I Sayers, and DE Shaw
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- 2022
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36. De-escalation of P2Y12 Inhibitor Use After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Acute Coronary Syndromes
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Derek So, Q. Barry, Alexander Dick, Juan J Russo, Trevor Simard, Michael Froeschl, Christopher Glover, Marino Labinaz, Cole R Clifford, Benjamin Hibbert, Alyssa Chow, Angel Fu, Rene Boudreau, Michel R. Le May, and Aun-Yeong Chong
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,Retrospective cohort study ,Thrombolysis ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Clopidogrel ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,RC666-701 ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,Original Article ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Myocardial infarction ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Ticagrelor ,Stroke ,De-escalation ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: De-escalation from potent platelet P2Y12 inhibitors to clopidogrel is common. Despite having a clinical rationale, non-bleeding-related de-escalation when a lateral change between potent agents is an option may put patients at increased ischemic risk. We set out to define the scope of P2Y12 inhibitor de-escalation in a large clinical registry and evaluate the potential impact of non-bleeding-related de-escalation on clinical outcomes. Methods: : A retrospective cohort study was performed on consecutive patients in the Cardiovascular Percutaneous Intervention Trial (CAPITAL) registry to identify those who underwent a switch in therapy within 1 year of percutaneous coronary intervention. The de-escalations were categorized as bleeding-related or non-bleeding-related. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events, a composite of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Secondary outcomes included individual components of major adverse cardiovascular events and a safety endpoint of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction bleeding. Results: Of 1854 patients, 209 (11.3%) underwent de-escalation: 24.9% of cases were bleeding-related, 37.8% were non-bleeding-related, and 37.3% were for unknown reasons. All patients with non-bleeding-related de-escalation were switched from ticagrelor to clopidogrel. The primary outcome occurred in 14 (6.7%) patients, of which 50% underwent non-bleeding-related de-escalation (P = 0.430). Among those with non-bleeding-related de-escalation, 7.6% were hospitalized for myocardial infarction, compared to 1.9% and 3.8% among those with a bleeding-related and unknown rationale, respectively (P = 0.293). Conclusions: De-escalation, particularly non-bleeding-related de-escalation, of P2Y12 inhibitors is common. A substantial proportion of such de-escalation may be avoidable. Given the potential risk of ischemic complications, strategies should be considered to encourage both the upfront use of potent P2Y12 inhibitors and alternative strategies to de-escalation. Résumé: Contexte: La désescalade thérapeutique consistant à passer d'un inhibiteur puissant du récepteur plaquettaire P2Y12 au clopidogrel est pratique courante. En dépit de son fondement clinique, la désescalade non liée aux saignements lorsqu'une substitution d'inhibiteurs puissants est possible peut entraîner une augmentation du risque d'ischémie chez les patients. L'objectif de notre étude était d'analyser, dans un vaste registre clinique, l'amplitude du recours à la désescalade à partir d'un inhibiteur du récepteur P2Y12 et d’évaluer les conséquences possibles de la désescalade non liée aux saignements sur les résultats cliniques. Méthodologie: Une étude de cohorte rétrospective a été effectuée sur une série de patients consécutifs inscrits au registre CAPITAL (Cardiovascular Percutaneous Intervention Trial) afin de recenser ceux qui avaient fait l'objet d'un changement de traitement au cours de l'année suivant leur intervention coronarienne percutanée. Les désescalades ont été classées en deux catégories selon qu'elles étaient liées ou non liées aux saignements. Le critère d’évaluation principal, soit la survenue d'un événement cardiovasculaire indésirable majeur (ECIM), était un critère composite regroupant le décès, l'infarctus du myocarde et l'accident vasculaire cérébral. Les critères d’évaluation secondaires comprenaient chaque composante individuelle du critère composite et un critère d’évaluation de l'innocuité mesuré par le score TIMI (thrombolyse dans l'infarctus du myocarde) relatif aux saignements. Résultats: Sur 1854 patients, 209 (11,3 %) avaient fait l'objet d'une désescalade, qui était liée aux saignements dans 24,9 % des cas, non liée aux saignements dans 37,8 % des cas et sans raison indiquée dans 37,3 % des cas. Tous les patients ayant fait l'objet d'une désescalade non liée aux saignements étaient passés du ticagrélor au clopidogrel. Le critère d’évaluation principal a été observé chez 14 (6,7 %) patients, dont 50 % avaient fait l'objet d'une désescalade non liée aux saignements (p = 0,430). Parmi les patients ayant fait l'objet d'une désescalade non liée aux saignements, 7,6 % avaient été hospitalisés pour un infarctus du myocarde, comparativement à 1,9 % et 3,8 % des patients chez qui la désescalade était liée aux saignements ou n'avait pas de raison connue, respectivement (p = 0,293). Conclusions: La désescalade à partir d'inhibiteurs du récepteur P2Y12, et particulièrement la désescalade non liée aux saignements, est pratique courante, alors qu'elle pourrait être évitée dans une proportion élevée de cas. Compte tenu du risque de complications ischémiques d'une telle pratique, des stratégies devraient être envisagées afin d'encourager à la fois le recours dès le départ à des inhibiteurs puissants du récepteur P2Y12 et l'adoption de stratégies de remplacement de la désescalade.
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- 2021
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37. Development of an enzyme immunoassay for detection of antibodies against Coccidioides in dogs and other mammalian species.
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Nancy A Chow, Mark D Lindsley, Orion Z McCotter, Dave Kangiser, Ron D Wohrle, Wayne R Clifford, Hayley D Yaglom, Laura E Adams, Kenneth Komatsu, Michelle M Durkin, Rocky J Baker, Lisa F Shubitz, Gordana Derado, Tom M Chiller, and Anastasia P Litvintseva
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Coccidioides is a soil-dwelling fungus that causes coccidioidomycosis, a disease also known as Valley fever, which affects humans and a variety of animal species. Recent findings of Coccidioides in new, unexpected areas of the United States have demonstrated the need for a better understanding of its geographic distribution. Large serological studies on animals could provide important information on the geographic distribution of this pathogen. To facilitate such studies, we used protein A/G, a recombinant protein that binds IgG antibodies from a variety of mammalian species, to develop an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) that detects IgG antibodies against Coccidioides in a highly sensitive and high-throughput manner. We showed the potential of this assay to be adapted to multiple animal species by testing a collection of serum and/or plasma samples from dogs, mice, and humans with or without confirmed coccidioidomycosis. We then evaluated the performance of the assay in dogs, using sera from dogs residing in a highly endemic area, and found seropositivity rates significantly higher than those in dogs of non-endemic areas. We further evaluated the specificity of the assay in dogs infected with other fungal pathogens known to cross-react with Coccidioides. Finally, we used the assay to perform a cross-sectional serosurvey investigating dogs from Washington, a state in which infection with Coccidioides has recently been documented. In summary, we have developed a Coccidioides EIA for the detection of antibodies in canines that is more sensitive and has higher throughput than currently available methods, and by testing this assay in mice and humans, we have shown a proof of principle of its adaptability for other animal species.
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- 2017
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38. Disease and Debt: Findings from the 2019 Panel Study of Income Dynamics in the United States
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Irina B. Grafova, Patrick R. Clifford, Shawna V. Hudson, Michael B. Steinberg, Denalee M. O'Malley, Jennifer Elliott, Adana A.M. Llanos, Biren Saraiya, and Paul R. Duberstein
- Subjects
Lung Diseases ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Epidemiology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Income ,Humans ,Poverty ,Article ,United States ,Asthma - Abstract
Medical debt has grown dramatically over the past few decades. While cancer and diabetes are known to be associated with medical debt, little is known about the impact of other medical conditions and health behaviors on medical debt. We analyzed cross-sectional data on 9174 households - spanning lower-income, middle-income, and higher-income based on the Census poverty threshold - participating in the 2019 wave of the nationally representative United States Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). The outcomes were presence of any medical debt and presence of medical debt≥ $2000. Respondents reported on medical conditions (diabetes, cancer, heart disease, chronic lung disease, asthma, arthritis, anxiety disorders, mood disorders) and on health behaviors (smoking, heavy drinking). Medical debt was observed in lower-income households with heart disease (OR = 2.64, p-value = 0.006) and anxiety disorders (OR = 2.16, p-value = 0.02); middle-income households with chronic lung disease (OR = 1.73, p-value = 0.03) and mood disorders (OR = 1.53, p-value = 0.04); and higher-income households with a current smoker (OR = 2.99, p-value0.001). Additionally, medical debt ≥$2000 was observed in lower-income households with asthma (OR = 2.16, p-value = 0.009) and a current smoker (OR = 1.62, p-value = 0.04); middle income households with hypertension (OR = 1.65, p-value = 0.05). These novel findings suggest that the harms of medical debt extend beyond cancer, diabetes and beyond lower-income households. There is an urgent need for policy and health services interventions to address medical debt in a wider range of disease contexts than heretofore envisioned. Intervention development would benefit from novel conceptual frameworks on the causal relationships between health behaviors, health conditions, and medical debt that center social-ecological influences on all three of these domains.
- Published
- 2022
39. Short term exposure to respirable smoke extracts from indoor cooking in Nepal leads to altered human airway epithelial cell (AEC) gene expression, DNA methylation (mC) and hydroxymethylation (hmC)
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P Rajasekar, R Hall, B K C, P S Mahapatra, S P Puppala, D Thakker, J Macisaac, D Lin, M Kobor, C E Bolton, I Sayers, I Hall, and R Clifford
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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40. Metformin as a radiosensitiser for pelvic malignancy: A systematic review of the literature
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R. Clifford, D. Vimalachandran, A.D. Gerrard, and Matthew Fok
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,Radiation-Sensitizing Agents ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cell Survival ,Colorectal cancer ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ,Apoptosis ,Type 2 diabetes ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Prospective cohort study ,Neoplasm Staging ,Cervical cancer ,Rectal Neoplasms ,business.industry ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Cancer ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Metformin ,Neoadjuvant Therapy ,Survival Rate ,Clinical trial ,Radiation therapy ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Female ,Surgery ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background The treatment of pelvic malignancies has continued to improve over recent years, with neoadjuvant radiotherapy often considered the gold standard to downstage disease. Radiosensitisers are routinely employed in an attempt to improve response of cancers to radiotherapy. Previous preclinical evidence has suggested a role for metformin, a commonly used drug for type 2 diabetes. Method A literature search was performed for published full text articles using the PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus databases using the search criteria string ‘Metformin’ AND (‘Radiosensitivity’ OR ‘radiosensitising’ OR ‘radiosensitising’). Additional papers were detected by scanning the references of relevant papers. Data were extracted from each study by two authors onto a dedicated proforma. The review was registered on the PROSPERO database (ID: CRD42020199066). Results A total of 242 papers were identified, 11 of which were included in this review; an additional 5 papers were obtained from reference searches. Metformin has been demonstrated to reduce cell-viability post-radiotherapy in both rectal and prostate cancer cell lines, with an enhanced effect in tumours with a p53 mutation and increased apoptosis post-radiotherapy for cervical cancer. Clinical trials demonstrate improved tumour and nodal downstaging and pCR rates for rectal cancer using metformin as a radiosensitiser. Conclusion With an increasing understanding of the underlying mechanism of the effects on metformin prospective studies are required to assess the effect of routine use on cancer related outcomes. Progressive future studies may be better served by the use of predictive biomarker guided treatment to enable identification of the appropriate cohort to target.
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- 2021
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41. Delays in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Care During the COVID-19 Lockdown: An Observational Study
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Cole R Clifford, Michel R. Le May, Alyssa Chow, Rene Boudreau, Derek So, Q. Barry, A. Fu, and Aun-Yeong Chong
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Myocardial ischemia ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,medicine.disease ,Revascularization ,St elevation myocardial infarction ,Internal medicine ,RC666-701 ,Conventional PCI ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,Original Article ,Observational study ,cardiovascular diseases ,Myocardial infarction ,business ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Abstract
Background Management of ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) necessitates rapid reperfusion. Delays prolong myocardial ischemia and increase the risk of complications, including death. The COVID-19 pandemic may have impacted STEMI management. We evaluated the relative volume of hospitalizations and clinical time intervals within a regional STEMI system. Methods 494 patients with STEMI were grouped into pre-lockdown, lockdown and re-opening cohorts. Clinical, temporal and outcome data were collected and compared between groups for both urban and rural patients, receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and pharmacoinvasive revascularization, respectively. Data was compared to a 10-year historical comparator. Results During pre-lockdown there was 238 cases versus 193 in lockdown; a 19.0% reduction in volume. When lockdown was compared to the median caseload from a 10-year historical cohort, a 19.8% reduction was observed. For patients treated with primary PCI during lockdown, median symptom-to-balloon time increased by 44-minutes [217 (IQR 157-387) vs. 261 (160-659) minutes; p=0.03]; driven by an increase in median symptom-to-door time of 41-minutes [136 (IQR 80-267) vs. 177 (IQR 90-569) minutes; p, Reports from Canadian cardiovascular centers have indicated that the COVID-19 lockdown may have had unintended affects on STEMI care. There is limited Canadian data providing granular details regarding the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on STEMI care patterns. We present data from a large cardiac care institution that demonstrates patient and hospital transfer level delays in STEMI care during the COVID-19 lockdown. These challenges must be addressed in light of a second wave of COVID-19.
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- 2021
42. Alcohol Treatment Research Contributing to Changes in Substance Use Behavior and Related Negative Consequences
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Patrick R. Clifford, Christine M. Davis, Stephen A. Maisto, and Robert L. Stout
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Treatment ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Alcoholism ,Health (social science) ,Alcohol Drinking ,Research Design ,Substance-Related Disorders ,Ambulatory Care ,Humans ,Toxicology - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which two of the more salient characteristics of a treatment research assessment protocol (i.e., the comprehensiveness of the assessment battery and the frequency of its administration) for alcohol use disorder contribute to reductions in substance use and related negative consequences. METHOD: Study participants were recruited from two hospital-administered substance use disorder outpatient clinics. Two hundred thirty-five individuals presenting for outpatient alcohol treatment screened study eligible and provided informed consent. Study participants were randomized to one of four research assessment conditions (i.e., frequent-comprehensive, frequent-brief, infrequent-comprehensive, and infrequent-brief) based on the crossing of a 2 (i.e., assessment comprehensiveness: comprehensive vs. brief) by 2 (i.e., assessment frequency: frequent vs. infrequent) factorial design. RESULTS: Individuals assigned to the frequent assessment conditions reported greater reductions in substance use and substance use–related negative consequences relative to their counterparts assigned to the infrequent assessment conditions. In addition, a greater proportion of individuals assigned to the frequent assessment conditions reported abstinence from both alcohol and other substances. CONCLUSIONS: The improvements in substance use and related negative consequences associated with more frequent research assessments were statistically significant and clinically meaningful.
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- 2022
43. Intra‐operative assessment of left‐sided colorectal anastomotic integrity: a systematic review of available techniques
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Dale Vimalachandran, R. Clifford, Nicola Manu, H. Fowler, and Paul Sutton
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Leak ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Anastomosis, Surgical ,Gastroenterology ,Reproducibility of Results ,Anastomotic Leak ,030230 surgery ,Anastomosis ,Left sided ,Colorectal surgery ,Endoscopy ,Surgery ,Stoma ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Suture (anatomy) ,Quality of life ,Quality of Life ,medicine ,Humans ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,business - Abstract
AIM Anastomotic leak (AL) after colorectal resection is associated with increased rates of morbidity and mortality: potential permanent stoma formation, increased local recurrence, reduced cancer-related survival, poor functional outcomes and associated quality of life. Techniques to reduce leak rates are therefore highly sought. METHOD A literature search was performed for published full text articles using PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus databases with a focus on colorectal surgery 1990-2020. Additional papers were detected by scanning references of relevant papers. RESULTS A total of 53 papers were included after a thorough literature search. Techniques assessed included leak tests, endoscopy, perfusion assessment and fluorescence studies. Air-leak testing remains the most commonly used method across Europe, due to ease of reproducibility and low cost. There is no evidence that this reduces the leak rate; however, identification of a leak intra-operatively provides the opportunity for either suture reinforcement or formal takedown with or without re-do of the anastomosis and consideration of diversion. Suture repair alone of a positive air-leak test is associated with an increased AL rate. The use of fluorescence studies to guide the site of anastomosis has demonstrated reduced leak rates in distal anastomoses, is safe, feasible and has a promising future. CONCLUSION Although over reliance on any assessment tool should be avoided, intra-operative techniques with the aim of reducing AL rates are increasingly being employed. Standardization of these methods is imperative for routine use. However, in the interim it is recommended that all anastomoses should be assessed intra-operatively for mechanical failure, particularly distal anastomoses.
- Published
- 2020
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44. The New (Ab)Normal: Outliers, Everyday Exceptionality, and the Politics of Data Management in the Anthropocene
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William R. Travis and Katherine R. Clifford
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History ,business.industry ,Data management ,05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0507 social and economic geography ,021107 urban & regional planning ,Environmental ethics ,02 engineering and technology ,Politics ,Anthropocene ,Outlier ,business ,050703 geography ,Period (music) ,Earth-Surface Processes - Abstract
The Anthropocene affects how we manage the environment in many ways, perhaps most importantly by undermining how past conditions act as baselines for future expectations. In a period when historica...
- Published
- 2020
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45. Problematic Exclusions: Analysis of the Clean Air Act’s Exceptional Event Rule Revisions
- Author
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Katherine R. Clifford
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,business.industry ,Event (relativity) ,Environmental resource management ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,021107 urban & regional planning ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Environmental Science (miscellaneous) ,Development ,01 natural sciences ,Environmental science ,Environmental impact assessment ,Environmental regulation ,Clean Air Act ,business ,Air quality index ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
In 2016 the EPA revised the Exceptional Events Rule of the Clean Air Act (CAA) making important changes to what types of air quality events are considered exceptional. The rule allows “exceptional”...
- Published
- 2020
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46. Does tamoxifen have a therapeutic role outside of breast cancer? A systematic review of the evidence
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Dale Vimalachandran, David Bowden, Cliona C. Kirwan, Emma Blower, and R. Clifford
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Acid Ceramidase ,Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal ,medicine.medical_treatment ,MEDLINE ,Apoptosis ,Ceramides ,Glucosylceramides ,Malignancy ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,Neoplasms ,Internal medicine ,Autophagy ,medicine ,Humans ,Protein Kinase C ,Repurposing ,business.industry ,Drug Repositioning ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Clinical trial ,Tamoxifen ,030104 developmental biology ,Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Surgery ,business ,Adjuvant ,Signal Transduction ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Introduction Tamoxifen is a widely used hormonal based therapy for breast cancer in the adjuvant and metastatic setting, prolonging overall and recurrence-free survival. There has been increasing interest in the potential for novel “off-target” effects of tamoxifen and its metabolite N-desmethyltamoxifen across a number of cancer types. We aim to review the current literature regarding the potential use of tamoxifen in other primary malignancies. Method A qualitative systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines using pre-set search criteria across the PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus databases from 1985 to 2019. Additional results were generated from included papers references. Results A total of 324 papers were identified, of which 47 were included; a further 29 articles were obtained from additional referencing to give a total of 76 articles. Clinical trials have demonstrated benefits with the use of tamoxifen in isolation and combination, specifically in patients with advanced non-resectable malignancy, however results are not consistent across the literature. In vivo data consistently suggests that off target effects of tamoxifen are mediated through the ceramide pathway or through inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC). Conclusions With increased focus upon the potential of repurposing drugs, tamoxifen may be a candidate for repurposing in the wider cancer setting. There is evidence to suggest that the ceramide or PKC pathway could act as a therapeutic target for tamoxifen or alternative chemotherapeutics and merits further investigation.
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- 2020
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47. Preface and Introduction
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Amber R. Clifford-Napoleone
- Published
- 2022
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48. Largo Junior High School Humanities Attitude Scale (Final Version).
- Author
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Pinellas County District School Board, Clearwater, FL., Blair, R. Clifford, and Fitzgerald, Morgan E.
- Abstract
The 44 questions of the Largo Junior School Humanities Attitude Scale attempt to measure student attitudes about the study of humanities. The scale is composed of three subscales which measure whether students view the humanities class as an enjoyable experience, the study of humanities as being worthwhile, and the humanities of the past as being a legitimate part of history. Scoring is based on a scale of 1-6 under categories of strongly agree, agree, slightly agree, slightly disagree, disagree, and strongly disagree. Each question is worded in either a positive or negative manner. If a student marks "strongly agree" to a negatively worded question he receives one point, where if he marks "strongly disagree" to a negatively worded question he gets six points. Subscales 2 and 3 are designed so that they may be administered independently of subscale 1. This allows them to be used in a pretest-posttest design for evaluation purposes. Interpretations of possible test scores and general discussion as to test reliability and validity are included. (Author/DE)
- Published
- 1974
49. BIBLIOGRAPHY
- Author
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Jones, R. Clifford
- Published
- 2006
50. Frontmatter
- Author
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Jones, R. Clifford
- Published
- 2006
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