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1. Maladaptive coping styles moderate the relationship between information on cancer treatment and psychosocial symptoms: an Italian multicenter study

Author

L. Zerbinati, F. Folesani, R. Caruso, M. Belvederi Murri, M.G. Nanni, S. Righetti, L. Chiefari, A. Muscettola, T. Toffanin, A. Costantini, B. Zaccagnino, F. Ruffilli, and L. Grassi

Subjects
awareness, cancer, coping strategies, oncology, psychological distress, quality of life, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

ObjectivesDisclosing information on diagnosis, prognosis and treatment is a delicate process in oncology, although awareness levels have over time increased in people with cancer. However, individual characteristics should be considered when communicating difficult information. We conducted a multicentric study to explore the moderating role of coping styles on the relationship between information about cancer, quality of life and psychological distress.MethodsIn the period between October 2015 and February 2016, 288 patients with a diagnosis of a solid tumor were recruited from seven Italian oncology units. All participants were administered the Distress Thermometer (DT), the Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer (Mini-MAC), the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30), and the EORTC QLQ 25-item information module (INFO25). We explored the moderating effect of coping style with quality of life (QoL) and distress (DT) as dependent variables and information on cancer treatment as independent variable.ResultsLow levels of anxious preoccupation significantly moderated the relationship between information on treatment and QoL (R2 6%, p

Published
2024
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2. Developments and results in the context of the JEM-EUSO program obtained with the ESAF simulation and analysis framework

Author

S. Abe, J. H. Adams, D. Allard, P. Alldredge, L. Anchordoqui, A. Anzalone, E. Arnone, B. Baret, D. Barghini, M. Battisti, J. Bayer, R. Bellotti, A. A. Belov, M. Bertaina, P. F. Bertone, M. Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, F. Bisconti, C. Blaksley, S. Blin-Bondil, P. Bobik, K. Bolmgren, S. Briz, J. Burton, F. Cafagna, G. Cambié, D. Campana, F. Capel, R. Caruso, M. Casolino, C. Cassardo, A. Castellina, K. Černý, M. J. Christl, R. Colalillo, L. Conti, G. Cotto, H. J. Crawford, R. Cremonini, A. Creusot, A. Cummings, A. de Castro Gónzalez, C. de la Taille, L. del Peral, R. Diesing, P. Dinaucourt, A. Di Nola, A. Ebersoldt, T. Ebisuzaki, J. Eser, F. Fenu, S. Ferrarese, G. Filippatos, W. W. Finch, F. Flaminio, C. Fornaro, D. Fuehne, C. Fuglesang, M. Fukushima, D. Gardiol, G. K. Garipov, A. Golzio, P. Gorodetzky, F. Guarino, C. Guépin, A. Guzmán, A. Haungs, T. Heibges, J. Hernández-Carretero, F. Isgrò, E. G. Judd, F. Kajino, I. Kaneko, Y. Kawasaki, M. Kleifges, P. A. Klimov, I. Kreykenbohm, J. F. Krizmanic, V. Kungel, E. Kuznetsov, F. López Martínez, S. Mackovjak, D. Mandát, M. Manfrin, A. Marcelli, L. Marcelli, W. Marszał, J. N. Matthews, A. Menshikov, T. Mernik, M. Mese, S. S. Meyer, J. Mimouni, H. Miyamoto, Y. Mizumoto, A. Monaco, J.A Morales de los Ríos, S. Nagataki, J. M. Nachtman, D. Naumov, A. Neronov, T. Nonaka, T. Ogawa, S. Ogio, H. Ohmori, A. V. Olinto, Y. Onel, G. Osteria, A. Pagliaro, B. Panico, E. Parizot, I. H. Park, B. Pastircak, T. Paul, M. Pech, F. Perfetto, P. Picozza, L. W. Piotrowski, Z. Plebaniak, J. Posligua, R. Prevete, G. Prévôt, H. Prieto, M. Przybylak, M. Putis, E. Reali, P. Reardon, M. H. Reno, M. Ricci, M. Rodríguez Frías, G. Romoli, G. Sáez Cano, H. Sagawa, N. Sakaki, A. Santangelo, O. A. Saprykin, F. Sarazin, M. Sato, H. Schieler, P. Schovánek, V. Scotti, S. Selmane, S. A. Sharakin, K. Shinozaki, J. F. Soriano, J. Szabelski, N. Tajima, T. Tajima, Y. Takahashi, M. Takeda, Y. Takizawa, C. Tenzer, S. B. Thomas, L. G. Tkachev, T. Tomida, S. Toscano, M. Traïche, D. Trofimov, K. Tsuno, P. Vallania, L. Valore, T. M. Venters, C. Vigorito, P. von Ballmoos, M. Vrabel, S. Wada, J. Watts, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, J. Wilms, D. Winn, H. Wistrand, I. V. Yashin, R. Young, and M. Yu. Zotov

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract JEM-EUSO is an international program for the development of space-based Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray observatories. The program consists of a series of missions which are either under development or in the data analysis phase. All instruments are based on a wide-field-of-view telescope, which operates in the near-UV range, designed to detect the fluorescence light emitted by extensive air showers in the atmosphere. We describe the simulation software ESAF in the framework of the JEM-EUSO program and explain the physical assumptions used. We present here the implementation of the JEM-EUSO, POEMMA, K-EUSO, TUS, Mini-EUSO, EUSO-SPB1 and EUSO-TA configurations in ESAF. For the first time ESAF simulation outputs are compared with experimental data.

Published
2023
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3. Large-scale Cosmic-ray Anisotropies with 19 yr of Data from the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, A. Ambrosone, J. Ammerman Yebra, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, L. Andrade Dourado, S. Andringa, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, P. R. Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, G. Bhatta, M. Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, F. Campuzano, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, B. Čermáková, A. Cermenati, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P. J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, B. de Errico, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J. C. dos Anjos, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, T. Fehler, F. Feldbusch, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, P. Filip, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, M. Freitas, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, B. García, C. Gaudu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, J. Jurysek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, F. Knapp, J. Köhler, F. Krieger, M. Kubatova, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, J. P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, P. Mantsch, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, M. A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W. M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, V. Pelgrims, L. A. S. Pereira, E. E. Pereira Martins, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J. V. Reginatto Akim, A. Reuzki, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, E. Rodriguez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, P. Sampathkumar, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, C. M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Sedoski, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, M. Tueros, M. Unger, R. Uzeiroska, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, V. Vašíčková, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, M. Weitz, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, and The Pierre Auger Collaboration

Subjects
Ultra-high-energy cosmic radiation, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

Results are presented for the measurement of large-scale anisotropies in the arrival directions of ultra–high-energy cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory during 19 yr of operation, prior to AugerPrime, the upgrade of the observatory. The 3D dipole amplitude and direction are reconstructed above 4 EeV in four energy bins. Besides the established dipolar anisotropy in R.A. above 8 EeV, the Fourier amplitude of the 8–16 EeV energy bin is now also above the 5 σ discovery level. No time variation of the dipole moment above 8 EeV is found, setting an upper limit to the rate of change of such variations of 0.3% yr ^−1 at the 95% confidence level. Additionally, the results for the angular power spectrum are shown, demonstrating no other statistically significant multipoles. The results for the equatorial dipole component down to 0.03 EeV are presented, using for the first time a data set obtained with a trigger that has been optimized for lower energies. Finally, model predictions are discussed and compared with observations, based on two source emission scenarios obtained in the combined fit of spectrum and composition above 0.6 EeV.

Published
2024
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4. The energy spectrum of cosmic rays beyond the turn-down around $$\varvec{10^{17}}$$ 10 17 eV as measured with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, J. M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, R. Alves Batista, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, P. R. Araújo Ferreira, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, H. Asorey, P. Assis, G. Avila, A. M. Badescu, A. Bakalova, A. Balaceanu, F. Barbato, R. J. Barreira Luz, K. H. Becker, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, X. Bertou, P. L. Biermann, P. Billoir, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, A. M. Botti, J. Brack, T. Bretz, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, P. Buchholz, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, K. S. Caballero-Mora, L. Caccianiga, F. Canfora, I. Caracas, J. M. Carceller, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, A. Coleman, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, F. Contreras, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, C. E. Covault, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, J. A. Day, R. M. de Almeida, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, G. De Mauro, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, M. del Río, O. Deligny, A. Di Matteo, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, R. C. dos Anjos, D. dos Santos, M. T. Dova, J. Ebr, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, C. O. Escobar, A. Etchegoyen, H. Falcke, J. Farmer, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, T. Fodran, M. M. Freire, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, C. Galelli, B. García, A. L. Garcia Vegas, H. Gemmeke, F. Gesualdi, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, M. Giammarchi, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, I. Goos, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T. D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, D. Heck, G. C. Hill, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, P. Janecek, J. A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, A. Kääpä, K. H. Kampert, N. Karastathis, B. Keilhauer, J. Kemp, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Kleinfeller, M. Köpke, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, R. G. Lang, N. Langner, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, V. Lenok, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, D. Lo Presti, L. Lopes, R. López, L. Lu, Q. Luce, J. P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, G. Mancarella, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, J. Manshanden, P. Mantsch, S. Marafico, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, H. Martinez, O. Martínez Bravo, M. Mastrodicasa, H. J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, K.-D. Merenda, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, D. Mockler, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, C. Morello, M. Mostafá, A. L. Müller, M. A. Muller, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, M. Muzio, W. M. Namasaka, A. Nasr-Esfahani, L. Nellen, M. Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, P. Papenbreer, G. Parente, A. Parra, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, F. Pedreira, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, J. Peña-Rodriguez, E. E. Pereira Martins, J. Perez Armand, C. Pérez Bertolli, M. Perlin, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, V. Pirronello, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, A. Puyleart, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, M. Reininghaus, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, S. J. Saffi, A. Saftoiu, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, C. Sarmiento-Cano, R. Sato, P. Savina, C. M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, F. Schlüter, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, S. Schröder, J. Schulte, A. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, R. C. Shellard, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, J. F. Soriano, J. Souchard, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, D. Stanca, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, A. Streich, M. Suárez-Durán, T. Sudholz, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Szadkowski, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, M. Tueros, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, C. Ventura, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, H. Wahlberg, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, M. Weber, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, M. Wirtz, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, L. Zehrer, and Pierre Auger Collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract We present a measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum above 100 PeV using the part of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory that has a spacing of 750 m. An inflection of the spectrum is observed, confirming the presence of the so-called second-knee feature. The spectrum is then combined with that of the 1500 m array to produce a single measurement of the flux, linking this spectral feature with the three additional breaks at the highest energies. The combined spectrum, with an energy scale set calorimetrically via fluorescence telescopes and using a single detector type, results in the most statistically and systematically precise measurement of spectral breaks yet obtained. These measurements are critical for furthering our understanding of the highest energy cosmic rays.

Published
2021
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5. Direct measurement of the muonic content of extensive air showers between $$\mathbf { 2\times 10^{17}}$$ 2×1017 and $$\mathbf {2\times 10^{18}}~$$ 2×1018 eV at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, J. M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, P. R. Araújo Ferreira, H. Asorey, P. Assis, G. Avila, A. M. Badescu, A. Bakalova, A. Balaceanu, F. Barbato, R. J. Barreira Luz, K. H. Becker, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, X. Bertou, P. L. Biermann, T. Bister, J. Biteau, A. Blanco, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, A. M. Botti, J. Brack, T. Bretz, F. L. Briechle, P. Buchholz, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, K. S. Caballero-Mora, L. Caccianiga, L. Calcagni, A. Cancio, F. Canfora, I. Caracas, J. M. Carceller, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, J. A. Chinellato, K. Choi, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, A. Coleman, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, F. Contreras, F. Convenga, C. E. Covault, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, J. A. Day, R. M. de Almeida, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, G. De Mauro, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, V. de Souza, J. Debatin, M. del Río, O. Deligny, N. Dhital, A. Di Matteo, M. L. Díaz Castro, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, Q. Dorosti, R. C. dos Anjos, M. T. Dova, J. Ebr, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, C. O. Escobar, A. Etchegoyen, H. Falcke, J. Farmer, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, M. M. Freire, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, C. Galelli, B. García, A. L. Garcia Vegas, H. Gemmeke, F. Gesualdi, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, M. Giammarchi, M. Giller, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, N. González, I. Goos, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T. D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, S. Hahn, R. Halliday, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, D. Heck, G. C. Hill, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, J. Hulsman, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, J. A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, A. Kääpä, K. H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, J. Kemp, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Kleinfeller, M. Köpke, G. Kukec Mezek, B. L. Lago, D. LaHurd, R. G. Lang, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, V. Lenok, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, D. Lo Presti, L. Lopes, R. López, A. López Casado, R. Lorek, Q. Luce, A. Lucero, A. Machado Payeras, M. Malacari, G. Mancarella, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, J. Manshanden, P. Mantsch, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, H. Martinez, O. Martínez Bravo, M. Mastrodicasa, H. J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, K.-D. Merenda, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, D. Mockler, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, C. Morello, M. Mostafá, A. L. Müller, M. A. Muller, S. Müller, R. Mussa, M. Muzio, W. M. Namasaka, L. Nellen, M. Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A Nucita, L. A. Núñez, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, M. P. Panetta, P. Papenbreer, G. Parente, A. Parra, M. Pech, F. Pedreira, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, J. Peña-Rodriguez, J. Perez Armand, M. Perlin, L. Perrone, C. Peters, S. Petrera, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, V. Pirronello, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, A. Puyleart, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, M. Reininghaus, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, P. Ristori, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, S. J. Saffi, A. Saftoiu, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, C. Sarmiento-Cano, R. Sato, P. Savina, C. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, F. Schlüter, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, S. Schröder, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, R. C. Shellard, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, J. F. Soriano, J. Souchard, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, D. Stanca, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, A. Streich, M. Suárez-Durán, T. Sudholz, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, J. Šupík, Z. Szadkowski, A. Taboada, O. A. Taborda, A. Tapia, C. Timmermans, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, G. Torralba Elipe, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, M. Trini, M. Tueros, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, M. Urban, L. Vaclavek, J. F. Valdés Galicia, I. Valiño, L. Valore, A. van Vliet, E. Varela, B. Vargas Cárdenas, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, C. Ventura, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, L. Villaseñor, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, H. Wahlberg, A. A. Watson, M. Weber, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, T. Winchen, M. Wirtz, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, L. Zehrer, A. Zepeda, M. Ziolkowski, F. Zuccarello, and The Pierre Auger Collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The hybrid design of the Pierre Auger Observatory allows for the measurement of the properties of extensive air showers initiated by ultra-high energy cosmic rays with unprecedented precision. By using an array of prototype underground muon detectors, we have performed the first direct measurement, by the Auger Collaboration, of the muon content of air showers between $$2\times 10^{17}$$ 2×1017 and $$2\times 10^{18}$$ 2×1018 eV. We have studied the energy evolution of the attenuation-corrected muon density, and compared it to predictions from air shower simulations. The observed densities are found to be larger than those predicted by models. We quantify this discrepancy by combining the measurements from the muon detector with those from the Auger fluorescence detector at $$10^{{17.5}}\, {\mathrm{eV}} $$ 1017.5eV and $$10^{{18}}\, {\mathrm{eV}} $$ 1018eV . We find that, for the models to explain the data, an increase in the muon density of $$38\%$$ 38% $$\pm 4\% (12\%)$$ ±4%(12%) $$\pm {}^{21\%}_{18\%}$$ ±18%21% for EPOS-LHC, and of $$50\% (53\%)$$ 50%(53%) $$\pm 4\% (13\%)$$ ±4%(13%) $$\pm {}^{23\%}_{20\%}$$ ±20%23% for QGSJetII-04, is respectively needed.

Published
2020
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6. Search for Ultra-high-energy Photons from Gravitational Wave Sources with the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Ammerman Yebra, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, P. R. Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, H. Asorey, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. M. Badescu, A. Bakalova, A. Balaceanu, F. Barbato, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, G. Bhatta, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, T. Bretz, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, P. Buchholz, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, L. Caccianiga, I. Caracas, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, A. Coleman, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceiçao, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Contreras, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P. J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, M. Dobre, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, H. Falcke, J. Farmer, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, C. Galelli, B. García, H. Gemmeke, F. Gesualdi, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, M. Giammarchi, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, I. Goos, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T. D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, D. Heck, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, P. Janecek, J. A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, A. Kääpä, K. H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Kleinfeller, F. Knapp, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, V. Lenok, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, D. Lo Presti, L. Lopes, R. López, L. Lu, Q. Luce, J. P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Majercakova, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, J. Manshanden, P. Mantsch, S. Marafico, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, M. A. Martins, M. Mastrodicasa, H. J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, C. Morello, A. L. Müller, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, M. Muzio, W. M. Namasaka, A. Nasr-Esfahani, L. Nellen, G. Nicora, M. Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, I. Norwood, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, G. Parente, A. Parra, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, L. A. S. Pereira, E. E. Pereira Martins, J. Perez Armand, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, M. Pourmohammad Shavar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, A. Puyleart, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, M. Reininghaus, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, C. M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, F. Schlüter, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, R. Smau, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, J. F. Soriano, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, D. Stanca, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, M. Straub, A. Streich, M. Suárez-Durán, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Szadkowski, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, M. Tueros, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, C. Ventura, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, and The Pierre Auger Collaboration

Subjects
Particle astrophysics, Ultra-high-energy cosmic radiation, Cosmic ray showers, Gravitational wave sources, Transient sources, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

A search for time-directional coincidences of ultra-high-energy (UHE) photons above 10 EeV with gravitational wave (GW) events from the LIGO/Virgo runs O1 to O3 is conducted with the Pierre Auger Observatory. Due to the distinctive properties of photon interactions and to the background expected from hadronic showers, a subset of the most interesting GW events is selected based on their localization quality and distance. Time periods of 1000 s around and 1 day after the GW events are analyzed. No coincidences are observed. Upper limits on the UHE photon fluence from a GW event are derived that are typically at ∼7 MeV cm ^−2 (time period 1000 s) and ∼35 MeV cm ^−2 (time period 1 day). Due to the proximity of the binary neutron star merger GW170817, the energy of the source transferred into UHE photons above 40 EeV is constrained to be less than 20% of its total GW energy. These are the first limits on UHE photons from GW sources.

Published
2023
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7. A Catalog of the Highest-energy Cosmic Rays Recorded during Phase I of Operation of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, P. Allison, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Ammerman Yebra, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, P. R. Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, H. Asorey, P. Assis, M. Ave, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. M. Badescu, A. Bakalova, A. Balaceanu, F. Barbato, J. Beatty, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, X. Bertou, G. Bhatta, P. L. Biermann, P. Billoir, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, T. Bretz, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, P. Buchholz, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, L. Caccianiga, I. Caracas, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, R. Cester, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chirinos, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, A. Coleman, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, F. Contreras, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, M. Dobre, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, A. Dorofeev, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, M. Eman, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, H. Falcke, J. Farmer, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, C. Galelli, B. García, H. Gemmeke, F. Gesualdi, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, M. Giammarchi, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, I. Goos, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T. D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, J. Harton, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, D. Heck, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, P. Janecek, J. A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, A. Kääpä, K. H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Kleinfeller, F. Knapp, J. Knapp, N. Kunka, C. Lachaud, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, V. Lenok, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, D. Lo Presti, L. Lopes, R. López, L. Lu, Q. Luce, J. P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, J. Manshanden, P. Mantsch, S. Marafico, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, M. A. Martins, M. Mastrodicasa, H. J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, C. Morello, A. L. Müller, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, M. Muzio, W. M. Namasaka, A. Nasr-Esfahani, L. Nellen, G. Nicora, M. Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, I. Norwood, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A Nucita, L. A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, G. Parente, A. Parra, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, E. E. Pereira Martins, J. Perez Armand, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, M. Pourmohammad Shavar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, A. Puyleart, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, M. Reininghaus, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, C. M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, F. Schlüter, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, R. Smau, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, J. F. Soriano, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, D. Stanca, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, M. Straub, A. Streich, M. Suárez-Durán, T. Sudholz, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Szadkowski, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, M. Tueros, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, C. Ventura, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, L. M. Villase nor Cendejas, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, P. Younk, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, and (The Pierre Auger Collaboration)

Subjects
Ultra-high-energy cosmic radiation, Cosmic ray showers, Experimental data, Catalogs, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

A catalog containing details of the highest-energy cosmic rays recorded through the detection of extensive air showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory is presented with the aim of opening the data to detailed examination. Descriptions of the 100 showers created by the highest-energy particles recorded between 2004 January 1 and 2020 December 31 are given for cosmic rays that have energies in the range 78–166 EeV. Details are also given on a further nine very energetic events that have been used in the calibration procedure adopted to determine the energy of each primary. A sky plot of the arrival directions of the most energetic particles is shown. No interpretations of the data are offered.

Published
2023
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9. A 3‐Year Sample of Almost 1,600 Elves Recorded Above South America by the Pierre Auger Cosmic‐Ray Observatory

Author

A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. F. M. Albuquerque, J. M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez‐Muñiz, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, H. Asorey, P. Assis, G. Avila, A. M. Badescu, A. Bakalova, A. Balaceanu, F. Barbato, R. J. Barreira Luz, S. Baur, K. H. Becker, J.A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, X. Bertou, P. L. Biermann, J. Biteau, S. G. Blaess, A. Blanco, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, N. Borodai, A. M. Botti, J. Brack, T. Bretz, A. Bridgeman, F. L. Briechle, P. Buchholz, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, K. S. Caballero‐Mora, L. Caccianiga, L. Calcagni, A. Cancio, F. Canfora, J. M. Carceller, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R.W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, A. Coleman, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, F. Contreras, M. J. Cooper, S. Coutu, C. E. Covault, B. Daniel, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, J. A. Day, R. M. deAlmeida, S. J. deJong, G. Mauro, J. R. T. deMello Neto, I. Mitri, J. deOliveira, F. O. deOliveira Salles, V. deSouza, J. Debatin, M. delRío, O. Deligny, N. Dhital, M. L. Díaz Castro, F. Diogo, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D'Olivo, Q. Dorosti, R. C. dosAnjos, M. T. Dova, A. Dundovic, J. Ebr, R. Engel, M. Erdmann, C. O. Escobar, A. Etchegoyen, H. Falcke, J. Farmer, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, L. P. Ferreyro, J. M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, M. M. Freire, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, B. García, H. Gemmeke, A. Gherghel‐Lascu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, M. Giammarchi, M. Giller, D. Głas, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, N. González, I. Goos, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T. D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, R. Halliday, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, T. A. Harrison, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, D. Heck, P. Heimann, G. C. Hill, C. Hojvat, E. M. Holt, P. Homola, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, J. Hulsman, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, I. Jandt, J. A. Johnsen, M. Josebachuili, J. Jurysek, A. Kääpä, K. H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, N. Kemmerich, J. Kemp, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Kleinfeller, R. Krause, D. Kuempel, G. Kukec Mezek, A. Kuotb Awad, B. L. Lago, D. LaHurd, R. G. Lang, R. Legumina, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, V. Lenok, A. Letessier‐Selvon, I. Lhenry‐Yvon, O. C. Lippmann, D. Lo Presti, L. Lopes, R. López, A. López Casado, R. Lorek, Q. Luce, A. Lucero, M. Malacari, G. Mancarella, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, P. Mantsch, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, H. Martinez, O. Martínez Bravo, M. Mastrodicasa, H. J. Mathes, S. Mathys, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina‐Tanco, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, K.‐D. Merenda, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Middendorf, L. Miramonti, B. Mitrica, D. Mockler, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, C. Morello, G. Morlino, M. Mostafá, A. L. Müller, M. A. Muller, S. Müller, R. Mussa, L. Nellen, P. H. Nguyen, M. Niculescu‐Oglinzanu, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Noža, A Nucita, L.A. Núñez, A. Olinto, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, M. P. Panetta, P. Papenbreer, G. Parente, A. Parra, M. Pech, F. Pedreira, J. Pękala, R. Pelayo, J. Peña‐Rodriguez, L. A. S. Pereira, M. Perlin, L. Perrone, C. Peters, S. Petrera, J. Phuntsok, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, V. Pirronello, M. Platino, J. Poh, B. Pont, C. Porowski, R. R. Prado, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, A. Puyleart, S. Querchfeld, S. Quinn, R. Ramos‐Pollan, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, M. Reininghaus, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, P. Ristori, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, S. J. Saffi, A. Saftoiu, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, C. Sarmiento‐Cano, R. Sato, P. Savina, M. Schauer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, F. Schlüter, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, S. Schröder, J. Schumacher, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, R. C. Shellard, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, R. Šmída, G.R. Snow, P. Sommers, J. F. Soriano, J. Souchard, R. Squartini, D. Stanca, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, M. Stolpovskiy, A. Streich, F. Suarez, M. Suárez‐Durán, T. Sudholz, T. Suomijärvi, A.D. Supanitsky, J. Šupík, Z. Szadkowski, A. Taboada, O. A. Taborda, A. Tapia, C. Timmermans, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, G. Torralba Elipe, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, M. Trini, M. Tueros, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, M. Urban, J. F. Valdés Galicia, I. Valiño, L. Valore, P. vanBodegom, A. M. van denBerg, A. vanVliet, E. Varela, B. Vargas Cárdenas, D. Veberič, C. Ventura, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, L. Villaseñor, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, H. Wahlberg, A. A. Watson, M. Weber, A. Weindl, M. Wiedeński, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, T. Winchen, M. Wirtz, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, L. Yang, A. Yushkov, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, L. Zehrer, A. Zepeda, B. Zimmermann, M. Ziolkowski, Z. Zong, and F. Zuccarello

Subjects
Astronomy, QB1-991, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Abstract Elves are a class of transient luminous events, with a radial extent typically greater than 250 km, that occur in the lower ionosphere above strong electrical storms. We report the observation of 1,598 elves, from 2014 to 2016, recorded with unprecedented time resolution (100 ns) using the fluorescence detector (FD) of the Pierre Auger Cosmic‐Ray Observatory. The Auger Observatory is located in the Mendoza province of Argentina with a viewing footprint for elve observations of 3·106 km 2, reaching areas above the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, as well as the Córdoba region, which is known for severe convective thunderstorms. Primarily designed for ultrahigh energy cosmic‐ray observations, the Auger FD turns out to be very sensitive to the ultraviolet emission in elves. The detector features modified Schmidt optics with large apertures resulting in a field of view that spans the horizon, and year‐round operation on dark nights with low moonlight background, when the local weather is favorable. The measured light profiles of 18% of the elve events have more than one peak, compatible with intracloud activity. Within the 3‐year sample, 72% of the elves correlate with the far‐field radiation measurements of the World Wide Lightning Location Network. The Auger Observatory plans to continue operations until at least 2025, including elve observations and analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this observatory is the only facility on Earth that measures elves with year‐round operation and full horizon coverage.

Published
2020
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10. Multi-Messenger Physics With the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

Karl-Heinz Kampert, Miguel Alejandro Mostafa, Enrique Zas, The Pierre Auger Collaboration, A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I.F.M. Albuquerque, J.M. Albury, I. Allekotte, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, G.A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, H. Asorey, P. Assis, G. Avila, A.M. Badescu, A. Bakalova, A. Balaceanu, F. Barbato, R.J. Barreira Luz, S. Baur, K.H. Becker, J.A. Bellido, C. Berat, M.E. Bertaina, X. Bertou, P.L. Biermann, J. Biteau, S.G. Blaess, A. Blanco, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, N. Borodai, A.M. Botti, J. Brack, T. Bretz, A. Bridgeman, F.L. Briechle, P. Buchholz, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, K.S. Caballero-Mora, L. Caccianiga, L. Calcagni, A. Cancio, F. Canfora, J.M. Carceller, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, J.A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R.W. Clay, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, A. Coleman, M.R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, F. Contreras, F. Convenga, M.J. Cooper, S. Coutu, C.E. Covault, B. Daniel, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B.R. Dawson, J.A. Day, R.M. de Almeida, S.J. de Jong, G. De Mauro, J.R.T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, F.O. de Oliveira Salles, V. de Souza, J. Debatin, M. del Río, O. Deligny, N. Dhital, M.L. Díaz Castro, F. Diogo, C. Dobrigkeit, J.C. D'Olivo, Q. Dorosti, R.C. dos Anjos, M.T. Dova, A. Dundovic, J. Ebr, R. Engel, M. Erdmann, C.O. Escobar, A. Etchegoyen, H. Falcke, J. Farmer, G. Farrar, A.C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, L.P. Ferreyro, J.M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, M.M. Freire, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, B. García, H. Gemmeke, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P.L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, M. Giammarchi, M. Giller, D. Głas, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P.F. Gómez Vitale, J.P. Gongora, N. González, I. Goos, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T.D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G.P. Guedes, E. Guido, R. Halliday, M.R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, T.A. Harrison, V.M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, D. Heck, P. Heimann, G.C. Hill, C. Hojvat, E.M. Holt, P. Homola, J.R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, J. Hulsman, A. Insolia, P.G. Isar, I. Jandt, J.A. Johnsen, M. Josebachuili, J. Jurysek, A. Kääpä, K.H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, N. Kemmerich, J. Kemp, H.O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Kleinfeller, R. Krause, D. Kuempel, G. Kukec Mezek, A. Kuotb Awad, B.L. Lago, D. LaHurd, R.G. Lang, R. Legumina, M.A. Leigui de Oliveira, V. Lenok, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, O.C. Lippmann, D. Lo Presti, L. Lopes, R. López, A. López Casado, R. Lorek, Q. Luce, A. Lucero, M. Malacari, G. Mancarella, D. Mandat, B.C. Manning, P. Mantsch, A.G. Mariazzi, I.C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, H. Martinez, O. Martínez Bravo, M. Mastrodicasa, H.J. Mathes, S. Mathys, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, P.O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, K.-D. Merenda, S. Michal, M.I. Micheletti, L. Middendorf, L. Miramonti, B. Mitrica, D. Mockler, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, C. Morello, G. Morlino, M. Mostafá, A.L. Müller, M.A. Muller, S. Müller, R. Mussa, L. Nellen, P.H. Nguyen, M. Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A Nucita, L.A. Núñez, F. Oikonomou, A. Olinto, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, M.P. Panetta, P. Papenbreer, G. Parente, A. Parra, M. Pech, F. Pedreira, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, J. Peña-Rodriguez, L.A.S. Pereira, M. Perlin, L. Perrone, C. Peters, S. Petrera, J. Phuntsok, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, V. Pirronello, M. Platino, J. Poh, B. Pont, C. Porowski, R.R. Prado, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, A. Puyleart, S. Querchfeld, S. Quinn, R. Ramos-Pollan, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, M. Reininghaus, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, P. Ristori, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M.J. Roncoroni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A.C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, S.J. Saffi, A. Saftoiu, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E.M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, C. Sarmiento-Cano, R. Sato, P. Savina, M. Schauer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, F. Schlüter, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, P. Schovánek, F.G. Schröder, S. Schröder, J. Schumacher, S.J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, R.C. Shellard, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, R. Šmída, G.R. Snow, P. Sommers, J.F. Soriano, J. Souchard, R. Squartini, D. Stanca, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, M. Stolpovskiy, A. Streich, F. Suarez, M. Suárez-Durán, T. Sudholz, T. Suomijärvi, A.D. Supanitsky, J. Šupík, Z. Szadkowski, A. Taboada, O.A. Taborda, A. Tapia, C. Timmermans, C.J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, G. Torralba Elipe, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, M. Trini, M. Tueros, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, M. Urban, J.F. Valdés Galicia, I. Valiño, L. Valore, P. van Bodegom, A.M. van den Berg, A. van Vliet, E. Varela, B. Vargas Cárdenas, D. Veberič, C. Ventura, I.D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, L. Villaseñor, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, H. Wahlberg, A.A. Watson, M. Weber, A. Weindl, M. Wiedeński, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, T. Winchen, M. Wirtz, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, L. Yang, A. Yushkov, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, L. Zehrer, A. Zepeda, B. Zimmermann, M. Ziolkowski, Z. Zong, and F. Zuccarello

Subjects
UHECR, high energy neutrinos, high energy photons, high energy neutrons, multi-messenger astrophysics, compact binary mergers, Astronomy, QB1-991, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809
Abstract

An overview of the multi-messenger capabilities of the Pierre Auger Observatory is presented. The techniques and performance of searching for Ultra-High Energy neutrinos, photons and neutrons are described. Some of the most relevant results are reviewed, such as stringent upper bounds that were placed to a flux of diffuse cosmogenic neutrinos and photons, bounds placed on neutrinos emitted from compact binary mergers that were detected by LIGO and Virgo during their first and second observing runs, as well as searches for high energy photons and neutrons from the Galactic center that constrain the properties of the putative Galactic PeVatron, observed by the H.E.S.S. collaboration. The observation of directional correlations between ultra-high energy cosmic rays and either high energy astrophysical neutrinos or specific source populations, weighted by their electromagnetic radiation, are also discussed. They constitute additional multi-messenger approaches aimed at identifying the sources of high energy cosmic rays.

Published
2019
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11. Evidence for a mixed mass composition at the ‘ankle’ in the cosmic-ray spectrum

Author

A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, E.J. Ahn, I. Al Samarai, I.F.M. Albuquerque, I. Allekotte, P. Allison, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, M. Ambrosio, G.A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, F. Arqueros, N. Arsene, H. Asorey, P. Assis, J. Aublin, G. Avila, A.M. Badescu, A. Balaceanu, C. Baus, J.J. Beatty, K.H. Becker, J.A. Bellido, C. Berat, M.E. Bertaina, P.L. Biermann, P. Billoir, J. Biteau, S.G. Blaess, A. Blanco, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, N. Borodai, A.M. Botti, J. Brack, I. Brancus, T. Bretz, A. Bridgeman, F.L. Briechle, P. Buchholz, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, K.S. Caballero-Mora, B. Caccianiga, L. Caccianiga, A. Cancio, F. Canfora, L. Caramete, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, R. Cester, A.G. Chavez, A. Chiavassa, J.A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, R.W. Clay, R. Colalillo, A. Coleman, L. Collica, M.R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, F. Contreras, M.J. Cooper, S. Coutu, C.E. Covault, J. Cronin, R. Dallier, S. D'Amico, B. Daniel, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B.R. Dawson, R.M. de Almeida, S.J. de Jong, G. De Mauro, J.R.T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, V. de Souza, J. Debatin, L. del Peral, O. Deligny, C. Di Giulio, A. Di Matteo, M.L. Díaz Castro, F. Diogo, C. Dobrigkeit, J.C. D'Olivo, A. Dorofeev, R.C. dos Anjos, M.T. Dova, A. Dundovic, J. Ebr, R. Engel, M. Erdmann, M. Erfani, C.O. Escobar, J. Espadanal, A. Etchegoyen, H. Falcke, K. Fang, G. Farrar, A.C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, B. Fick, J.M. Figueira, A. Filevich, A. Filipčič, O. Fratu, M.M. Freire, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, B. García, D. Garcia-Pinto, F. Gaté, H. Gemmeke, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P.L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, M. Giammarchi, M. Giller, D. Głas, C. Glaser, H. Glass, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P.F. Gómez Vitale, N. González, B. Gookin, J. Gordon, A. Gorgi, P. Gorham, P. Gouffon, A.F. Grillo, T.D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G.P. Guedes, M.R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, T.A. Harrison, J.L. Harton, Q. Hasankiadeh, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, D. Heck, P. Heimann, A.E. Herve, G.C. Hill, C. Hojvat, E. Holt, P. Homola, J.R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, J. Hulsman, A. Insolia, P.G. Isar, I. Jandt, S. Jansen, J.A. Johnsen, M. Josebachuili, A. Kääpä, O. Kambeitz, K.H. Kampert, P. Kasper, I. Katkov, B. Keilhauer, E. Kemp, R.M. Kieckhafer, H.O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Kleinfeller, R. Krause, N. Krohm, D. Kuempel, G. Kukec Mezek, N. Kunka, A. Kuotb Awad, D. LaHurd, L. Latronico, M. Lauscher, P. Lautridou, P. Lebrun, R. Legumina, M.A. Leigui de Oliveira, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, K. Link, L. Lopes, R. López, A. López Casado, Q. Luce, A. Lucero, M. Malacari, M. Mallamaci, D. Mandat, P. Mantsch, A.G. Mariazzi, I.C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, H. Martinez, O. Martínez Bravo, J.J. Masías Meza, H.J. Mathes, S. Mathys, J. Matthews, J.A.J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, P.O. Mazur, C. Medina, G. Medina-Tanco, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, S. Messina, M.I. Micheletti, L. Middendorf, I.A. Minaya, L. Miramonti, B. Mitrica, D. Mockler, L. Molina-Bueno, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, C. Morello, M. Mostafá, G. Müller, M.A. Muller, S. Müller, I. Naranjo, S. Navas, L. Nellen, J. Neuser, P.H. Nguyen, M. Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M. Niechciol, L. Niemietz, T. Niggemann, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, H. Nožka, L.A. Núñez, L. Ochilo, F. Oikonomou, A. Olinto, D. Pakk Selmi-Dei, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, P. Papenbreer, G. Parente, A. Parra, T. Paul, M. Pech, F. Pedreira, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, J. Peña-Rodriguez, L.A.S. Pereira, L. Perrone, C. Peters, S. Petrera, J. Phuntsok, R. Piegaia, T. Pierog, P. Pieroni, M. Pimenta, V. Pirronello, M. Platino, M. Plum, C. Porowski, R.R. Prado, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, E.J. Quel, S. Querchfeld, S. Quinn, R. Ramos-Pollant, J. Rautenberg, O. Ravel, D. Ravignani, D. Reinert, B. Revenu, J. Ridky, M. Risse, P. Ristori, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M.D. Rodríguez-Frías, D. Rogozin, J. Rosado, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A.C. Rovero, S.J. Saffi, A. Saftoiu, H. Salazar, A. Saleh, F. Salesa Greus, G. Salina, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, P. Sanchez-Lucas, E.M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, B. Sarkar, R. Sarmento, C. Sarmiento-Cano, R. Sato, C. Scarso, M. Schauer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, P. Schovánek, F.G. Schröder, A. Schulz, J. Schulz, J. Schumacher, S.J. Sciutto, A. Segreto, M. Settimo, A. Shadkam, R.C. Shellard, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, A. Śmiałkowski, R. Šmída, G.R. Snow, P. Sommers, S. Sonntag, J. Sorokin, R. Squartini, D. Stanca, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, F. Strafella, F. Suarez, M. Suarez Durán, T. Sudholz, T. Suomijärvi, A.D. Supanitsky, M.S. Sutherland, J. Swain, Z. Szadkowski, O.A. Taborda, A. Tapia, A. Tepe, V.M. Theodoro, C. Timmermans, C.J. Todero Peixoto, L. Tomankova, B. Tomé, A. Tonachini, G. Torralba Elipe, D. Torres Machado, M. Torri, P. Travnicek, M. Trini, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, M. Urban, A. Valbuena-Delgado, J.F. Valdés Galicia, I. Valiño, L. Valore, G. van Aar, P. van Bodegom, A.M. van den Berg, A. van Vliet, E. Varela, B. Vargas Cárdenas, G. Varner, J.R. Vázquez, R.A. Vázquez, D. Veberič, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, L. Villaseñor, S. Vorobiov, H. Wahlberg, O. Wainberg, D. Walz, A.A. Watson, M. Weber, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, T. Winchen, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, S. Wykes, L. Yang, D. Yelos, P. Younk, A. Yushkov, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, A. Zepeda, B. Zimmermann, M. Ziolkowski, Z. Zong, and F. Zuccarello

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We report a first measurement for ultrahigh energy cosmic rays of the correlation between the depth of shower maximum and the signal in the water Cherenkov stations of air-showers registered simultaneously by the fluorescence and the surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory. Such a correlation measurement is a unique feature of a hybrid air-shower observatory with sensitivity to both the electromagnetic and muonic components. It allows an accurate determination of the spread of primary masses in the cosmic-ray flux. Up till now, constraints on the spread of primary masses have been dominated by systematic uncertainties. The present correlation measurement is not affected by systematics in the measurement of the depth of shower maximum or the signal in the water Cherenkov stations. The analysis relies on general characteristics of air showers and is thus robust also with respect to uncertainties in hadronic event generators. The observed correlation in the energy range around the ‘ankle’ at lg⁡(E/eV)=18.5–19.0 differs significantly from expectations for pure primary cosmic-ray compositions. A light composition made up of proton and helium only is equally inconsistent with observations. The data are explained well by a mixed composition including nuclei with mass A>4. Scenarios such as the proton dip model, with almost pure compositions, are thus disfavored as the sole explanation of the ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray flux at Earth. Keywords: Pierre Auger Observatory, Cosmic rays, Mass composition, Ankle

Published
2016
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12. Preparación de recubrimientos multicapa de base zirconia por vía sol-gel; caracterización microestructural y mecánica

Author

R. Caruso, F. Plá, A. D. Parralejo, and F. Guiberteau

Subjects
sol-gel, recubrimiento, zro2, inmersión, espesor, propiedades mecánicas, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997
Abstract

En ocasiones, no es necesario sustituir completamente un material para una determinada aplicación, sino que bastaría con mejorar sus propiedades superficiales (resistencia a erosión y corrosión, propiedades eléctricas, ópticas, etc.). La protección superficial mediante recubrimientos cerámicos puede ser la solución de muchos problemas prácticos, por lo que su estudio y desarrollo constituye un área de gran interés tecnológico. Una de las rutas más interesantes para obtener películas delgadas de óxido sobre diferentes substratos es la vía sol-gel. En este trabajo, nuestro interés se centra en la protección de substratos metálicos mediante recubrimientos sol-gel de base zirconia depositados por inmersión (dip-coating). Las soluciones sol-gel se obtuvieron mediante la hidrólisis de n-propoxido de zirconio en propanol con ácido nítrico. El método de fabricación propuesto permite la obtención de recubrimientos multicapa libres de grietas y con espesores en el rango 200-3000 nm. Se presentan los resultados de un estudio de caracterización microestructural y mecánica, éste último mediante ensayos de ultramicrodureza Berkovich.

Published
2001
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13. Inflazione e tendenze di lungo periodo nelle differenze geografiche del costo della vita

Author

R. CARUSO, R. SABBATINI, and P. SESTITO

Subjects
Inflation, cost of living, price levels, Italy, Finance, HG1-9999, Economic theory. Demography, HB1-3840
Abstract

The specific objective of the work concerns the analysis of long-term trends in the differences in price levels between provincial capitals in Italy. The aim is deliberately limited to defining their character, as well as to analysing the pattern of spread and transmission between the different Italian regions in the inflationary process. The author discusses the dispersion between the various cities in the annual rate of inflation. Then the extent to which the relative prices (compared to the national average) of each city are stable in the long run is verified. After aggregating economically significant individual cities into macro-regions, the major trends in the cost of living differentials are summarised. Finally, the results of an econometric exercise are presented in which the transmission of inflationary impulses, among macro-regions, is considered. JEL Codes: E31, O52

Published
2013
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14. I prezzi delle materie prime non petrolifere: comportamento ciclico e capacita informativa

Author

R. CARUSO

Subjects
Non-oil commodities, prices, inflation, shocks, supply and demand, Finance, HG1-9999, Economic theory. Demography, HB1-3840
Abstract

The work proposes a survey of the empirical factors of the prices of non-oil commodities and the short-term determinants of their performance. In addition, it seeks to examine to what degree sudden changes of direction in the prices of commodities have an informative capacity compared to the historical series, more stable and viscous, which describe the process of inflation experienced by industrialised economies. The author finds new empirical evidence of how, despite the heterogeneity of the specific factors of supply and demand, the prices of goods coming from international markets show common movements in varying macroeconomic conditions. It is revealed that shocks are distributed with uniformity on the structure of the relative prices of raw materials. JEL Codes: E31 Keywords: Non-oil commodities, prices, inflation, shocks, supply and demand

Published
2013
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15. Ultrahigh Energy Neutrinos at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, M. Ahlers, E. J. Ahn, I. F. M. Albuquerque, D. Allard, I. Allekotte, J. Allen, P. Allison, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, R. Alves Batista, M. Ambrosio, A. Aminaei, L. Anchordoqui, S. Andringa, T. Antičić, C. Aramo, E. Arganda, F. Arqueros, H. Asorey, P. Assis, J. Aublin, M. Ave, M. Avenier, G. Avila, T. Bäcker, A. M. Badescu, M. Balzer, K. B. Barber, A. F. Barbosa, R. Bardenet, S. L. C. Barroso, B. Baughman, J. Bäuml, J. J. Beatty, B. R. Becker, K. H. Becker, A. Bellétoile, J. A. Bellido, S. BenZvi, C. Berat, X. Bertou, P. L. Biermann, P. Billoir, F. Blanco, M. Blanco, C. Bleve, H. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, R. Bonino, N. Borodai, J. Brack, I. Brancus, P. Brogueira, W. C. Brown, R. Bruijn, P. Buchholz, A. Bueno, R. E. Burton, K. S. Caballero-Mora, B. Caccianiga, L. Caramete, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, O. Catalano, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, R. Cester, J. Chauvin, S. H. Cheng, A. Chiavassa, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chirinos Diaz, J. Chudoba, M. Cilmo, R. W. Clay, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, F. Contreras, H. Cook, M. J. Cooper, J. Coppens, A. Cordier, S. Coutu, C. E. Covault, A. Creusot, A. Criss, J. Cronin, A. Curutiu, S. Dagoret-Campagne, R. Dallier, B. Daniel, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, M. De Domenico, C. De Donato, S. J. de Jong, G. De La Vega, W. J. M. de Mello Junior, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, V. de Souza, K. D. de Vries, L. del Peral, M. del Río, O. Deligny, H. Dembinski, N. Dhital, C. Di Giulio, M. L. Díaz Castro, P. N. Diep, F. Diogo, C. Dobrigkeit, W. Docters, J. C. D'Olivo, P. N. Dong, A. Dorofeev, J. C. dos Anjos, M. T. Dova, D. D'Urso, I. Dutan, J. Ebr, R. Engel, M. Erdmann, C. O. Escobar, J. Espadanal, A. Etchegoyen, P. Facal San Luis, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, A. P. Ferguson, B. Fick, A. Filevich, A. Filipčič, S. Fliescher, C. E. Fracchiolla, E. D. Fraenkel, O. Fratu, U. Fröhlich, B. Fuchs, R. Gaior, R. F. Gamarra, S. Gambetta, B. García, S. T. Garcia Roca, D. Garcia-Gamez, D. Garcia-Pinto, A. Gascon Bravo, H. Gemmeke, P. L. Ghia, M. Giller, J. Gitto, H. Glass, M. S. Gold, G. Golup, F. Gomez Albarracin, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, P. Gonçalves, J. G. Gonzalez, B. Gookin, A. Gorgi, P. Gouffon, E. Grashorn, S. Grebe, N. Griffith, M. Grigat, A. F. Grillo, Y. Guardincerri, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, P. Hansen, D. Harari, T. A. Harrison, J. L. Harton, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, D. Heck, A. E. Herve, C. Hojvat, N. Hollon, V. C. Holmes, P. Homola, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, D. Huber, T. Huege, A. Insolia, F. Ionita, A. Italiano, C. Jarne, S. Jiraskova, M. Josebachuili, K. Kadija, K. H. Kampert, P. Karhan, P. Kasper, I. Katkov, B. Kégl, B. Keilhauer, A. Keivani, J. L. Kelley, E. Kemp, R. M. Kieckhafer, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Kleinfeller, J. Knapp, D.-H. Koang, K. Kotera, N. Krohm, O. Krömer, D. Kruppke-Hansen, F. Kuehn, D. Kuempel, J. K. Kulbartz, N. Kunka, G. La Rosa, C. Lachaud, D. LaHurd, L. Latronico, R. Lauer, P. Lautridou, S. Le Coz, M. S. A. B. Leão, D. Lebrun, P. Lebrun, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, K. Link, R. López, A. Lopez Agüera, K. Louedec, J. Lozano Bahilo, L. Lu, A. Lucero, M. Ludwig, H. Lyberis, M. C. Maccarone, C. Macolino, S. Maldera, D. Mandat, P. Mantsch, A. G. Mariazzi, J. Marin, V. Marin, I. C. Maris, H. R. Marquez Falcon, G. Marsella, D. Martello, L. Martin, H. Martinez, O. Martínez Bravo, H. J. Mathes, J. Matthews, J. A. J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, D. Maurel, D. Maurizio, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, M. Melissas, D. Melo, E. Menichetti, A. Menshikov, P. Mertsch, C. Meurer, S. Mićanović, M. I. Micheletti, I. A. Minaya, L. Miramonti, L. Molina-Bueno, S. Mollerach, M. Monasor, D. Monnier Ragaigne, F. Montanet, B. Morales, C. Morello, E. Moreno, J. C. Moreno, M. Mostafá, C. A. Moura, M. A. Muller, G. Müller, M. Münchmeyer, R. Mussa, G. Navarra, J. L. Navarro, S. Navas, P. Necesal, L. Nellen, A. Nelles, J. Neuser, P. T. Nhung, M. Niechciol, L. Niemietz, N. Nierstenhoefer, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, L. Nožka, J. Oehlschläger, A. Olinto, M. Ortiz, N. Pacheco, D. Pakk Selmi-Dei, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, N. Palmieri, G. Parente, E. Parizot, A. Parra, S. Pastor, T. Paul, M. Pech, J. Pękala, R. Pelayo, I. M. Pepe, L. Perrone, R. Pesce, E. Petermann, S. Petrera, A. Petrolini, Y. Petrov, C. Pfendner, R. Piegaia, T. Pierog, P. Pieroni, M. Pimenta, V. Pirronello, M. Platino, M. Plum, V. H. Ponce, M. Pontz, A. Porcelli, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, E. J. Quel, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, O. Ravel, D. Ravignani, B. Revenu, J. Ridky, S. Riggi, M. Risse, P. Ristori, H. Rivera, V. Rizi, J. Roberts, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, G. Rodriguez, I. Rodriguez Cabo, J. Rodriguez Martino, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. D. Rodríguez-Frías, G. Ros, J. Rosado, T. Rossler, M. Roth, B. Rouillé-d'Orfeuil, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, C. Rühle, A. Saftoiu, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, F. Salesa Greus, G. Salina, F. Sánchez, C. E. Santo, E. Santos, E. M. Santos, F. Sarazin, B. Sarkar, S. Sarkar, R. Sato, N. Scharf, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, P. Schiffer, A. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, J. Schovancova, P. Schovánek, F. Schröder, S. Schulte, D. Schuster, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scuderi, A. Segreto, M. Settimo, A. Shadkam, R. C. Shellard, I. Sidelnik, G. Sigl, O. Sima, A. Śmiałkowski, R. Šmída, G. R. Snow, P. Sommers, J. Sorokin, H. Spinka, R. Squartini, Y. N. Srivastava, S. Stanic, J. Stapleton, J. Stasielak, M. Stephan, A. Stutz, F. Suarez, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, T. Šuša, M. S. Sutherland, J. Swain, Z. Szadkowski, M. Szuba, A. Tapia, M. Tartare, O. Taşcău, R. Tcaciuc, N. T. Thao, D. Thomas, J. Tiffenberg, C. Timmermans, W. Tkaczyk, C. J. Todero Peixoto, G. Toma, L. Tomankova, B. Tomé, A. Tonachini, P. Travnicek, D. B. Tridapalli, G. Tristram, E. Trovato, M. Tueros, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, M. Urban, J. F. Valdés Galicia, I. Valiño, L. Valore, A. M. van den Berg, E. Varela, B. Vargas Cárdenas, J. R. Vázquez, R. A. Vázquez, D. Veberič, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, M. Videla, L. Villaseñor, H. Wahlberg, P. Wahrlich, O. Wainberg, D. Walz, A. A. Watson, M. Weber, K. Weidenhaupt, A. Weindl, F. Werner, S. Westerhoff, B. J. Whelan, A. Widom, G. Wieczorek, L. Wiencke, B. Wilczyñska, H. Wilczyñski, M. Will, C. Williams, T. Winchen, M. Wommer, B. Wundheiler, T. Yamamoto, T. Yapici, P. Younk, G. Yuan, A. Yushkov, B. Zamorano Garcia, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, I. Zaw, A. Zepeda, Y. Zhu, M. Zimbres Silva, and M. Ziolkowski

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The observation of ultrahigh energy neutrinos (UHEνs) has become a priority in experimental astroparticle physics. UHEνs can be detected with a variety of techniques. In particular, neutrinos can interact in the atmosphere (downward-going ν) or in the Earth crust (Earth-skimming ν), producing air showers that can be observed with arrays of detectors at the ground. With the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory we can detect these types of cascades. The distinguishing signature for neutrino events is the presence of very inclined showers produced close to the ground (i.e., after having traversed a large amount of atmosphere). In this work we review the procedure and criteria established to search for UHEνs in the data collected with the ground array of the Pierre Auger Observatory. This includes Earth-skimming as well as downward-going neutrinos. No neutrino candidates have been found, which allows us to place competitive limits to the diffuse flux of UHEνs in the EeV range and above.

Published
2013
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16. IL-33/ST2 Pathway and Classical Cytokines in End-Stage Heart Failure Patients Submitted to Left Ventricular Assist Device Support: A Paradoxic Role for Inflammatory Mediators?

Author

C. Caselli, A. D'Amico, R. Ragusa, R. Caruso, T. Prescimone, M. Cabiati, S. Nonini, P. Marraccini, S. Del Ry, M. G. Trivella, O. Parodi, and D. Giannessi

Subjects
Pathology, RB1-214
Abstract

Background. Inflammation is a critical process contributing to heart failure (HF). We hypothesized that IL-33/ST2 pathway, a new mechanism regulated during cardiac stress, may be involved in the functional worsening of end-stage HF patients, candidates for left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, and potentially responsible for their outcome. Methods. IL-33, ST2, and conventional cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) were determined in cardiac biopsies and plasma of 22 patients submitted to LVAD implantation (pre-LVAD) and compared with (1) control stable chronic HF patients on medical therapy at the moment of heart transplantation without prior circulatory support (HT); (2) patients supported by LVAD at the moment of LVAD weaning (post-LVAD). Results. Cardiac expression of ST2/IL-33 and cytokines was lower in the pre-LVAD than in the HT group. LVAD determined an increase of inflammatory mediators comparable to levels of the HT group. Only ST2 correlated with outcome indices after LVAD implantation. Conclusions. IL-33/ST2 and traditional cytokines were involved in decline of cardiac function of ESHF patients as well as in hemodynamic recovery induced by LVAD. IL-33/ST2 pathway was also associated to severity of clinical course. Thus, a better understanding of inflammation is the key to achieving more favorable outcome by new specific therapies.

Published
2013
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17. Atypical pulmonary presentation of Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection in a patient with philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Case report

Author

Caitlyn J. Smith, Ayman H. Gaballah, Kelly Bowers, Chase Baxter, and Carla R. Caruso

Subjects
Strongyloidiasis, Strongyloides stercoralis, Autoinfection, Hyperinfection, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Strongyloides stercoralis is a soil-transmitted helminth endemic to tropical and subtropical regions and can be acquired due to parasite penetration through the skin. It can remain dormant in the gastrointestinal system for decades after the primary infection. In immunocompromised patients, this parasite can cause autoinfection with progression to hyperinfection syndrome. Here we report a unique case of pulmonary strongyloidiasis in a 32-year-old female, originally from Guatemala, with a significant clinical history of Philadelphia chromosome-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosed in 2019. The patient is status post chemotherapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitor plus hyper-CVAD regimen (Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine sulfate, Doxorubicin hydrochloride (Adriamycin), and Dexamethasone). History of drug-induced hyperglycemia and obesity was also noted. Her current chief complaint included dyspnea, tachycardia, and chest pain. Chest computerized tomography (CT) scan showed diffuse interstitial pulmonary edema with septal thickening, scattered ground-glass opacities, and small pericardial effusion. Due to normal ejection fraction, the differential diagnosis included non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, pneumonitis secondary to chemotoxicity, and infection. She rapidly progressed to acute hypoxic respiratory failure, and a bronchoalveolar lavage study revealed numerous larvae consistent with Strongyloides hyperinfection. Further workup revealed eosinophilia with negative Strongyloides IgG antibody. Given the rarity of this infection in the United States and the patient’s place of birth, acquired latent Strongyloides infection is favored as the initial source of infection. The reactivation of the infection process was most likely secondary to her chemotherapy treatment. Strongyloides hyperinfection diagnosis can be challenging to establish and entails a high level of suspicion. Cytology evaluation is an essential factor for diagnosis.

Published
2022
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19. The POEMMA (Probe of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics)Observatory

Author

A. V. Olinto, J. Krizmanic, J. H. Adams, R. Aloisio, L. A. Anchordoqui, A. Anzalone, M. Bagheri, D. Barghini, M. Battisti, D. R. Bergman, M. E. Bertaina, P. F. Bertone, F. Bisconti, M. Bustamante, F. Cafagna, R. Caruso, M. Casolino, K. Černý, M. J. Christl, A. L. Cummings, I. De Mitri, R. Diesing, R. Engel, J. Eser, K. Fang, F. Fenu10G. Filippatos, E. Gazda, C. Guepin, A. Haungs, E. A. Hays, E. G. Judd, P. Klimov, V. Kungel, E. Kuznetsov, Š. Mackovjak, D. Mandát, L. Marcelli, J. McEnery, G. Medina-Tanco, K.-D. Merenda, S. S. Meyer, J. W. Mitchell, H. Miyamoto, J. M. Nachtman, A. Neronov, F. Oikonomou, Y. Onel, G. Osteria, A. N. Otte, E. Parizot, T. Paul, M. Pech, J. S. Perkins, P. Picozza, L.W. Piotrowski, Z. Plebaniak, G. Prévôt, P. Reardon, M. H. Reno, M. Ricci, and O. Romero Matamala

Subjects
Astronomy, Astrophysics
Abstract

The Probe Of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA) is designed to accurately observe ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) and cosmic neutrinos from space with sensitivity over the full celestial sky. POEMMA will observe the air fluorescence produced by extensive air showers (EASs) from UHECRs and potentially UHE neutrinos above 20 EeV. Additionally, POEMMA has the ability to observe the Cherenkov signal from upward-moving EASs induced by Earth-interacting tau neutrinos above 20 PeV. The POEMMA spacecraft are designed to quickly re-orientate to follow up transient neutrino sources and obtain currently unparalleled neutrino flux sensitivity. Developed as a NASA Astrophysics Probe-class mission, POEMMA consists of two identical satellites flying in loose formation in 525 km altitude orbits. Each POEMMA instrument incorporates a wide field-of-view (45°) Schmidt telescope with an optical collecting area of over 6 m2. The hybrid focal surface of each telescope includes a fast (1 μs) near-ultraviolet camera for EAS fluorescence observations and an ultrafast (10 ns) optical camera for Cherenkov EAS observations. In a 5-year mission, POEMMA will provide measurements that open new multi-messenger windows onto the most energetic events in the universe, enabling the study of new astrophysics and particle physics at these extreme energies.

Published
2021
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20. Molecular diagnostics of infectious disease: Detection and characterization of microbial agents in cytology samples

Author

Carla R. Caruso and Zhongbo Yang

Subjects
Histology, General Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Abstract

Cytology samples are widely used to diagnose various infectious diseases by detection and identification of causative infectious agents, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. The role of cytopathology in infectious disease has expanded tremendously in the past decades with the advances in molecular techniques. Molecular diagnostic methods, compared to conventional methods, have shown improved patient outcome, reduction in cost, and shortened hospital stay times. The aim of this article is to review molecular testing in cytology samples for diagnosis of infectious diseases.The literature search for molecular testing in common cytology samples for diagnosis of infectious diseases was performed. The findings of the studies were summarized. The common cytology samples included in this article were gynecologic specimens, cerebrospinal fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage, and urine samples.There are a number of molecular diagnostic tests that are available to be used in common cytology samples to detect infectious agents. Each test has its own advantages and limitations. It is our hope that upon reading this review article, the readers will have better understanding of molecular diagnostic testing of infectious diseases utilizing commonly sampled cytology specimens in daily practice.

Published
2022

21. OC-067 COST-EFFECTIVENESS AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES ANALYSIS OF LAPAROSCOPIC TOTAL EXTRAPERITONEAL (TEP) AND LAPAROSCOPIC TRANS- ABDOMINAL PREPERITONEAL (TAPP) INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR

Author

V Ferri, E Vicente, Y Quijano, H Duran, E Diaz, I Fabra, R Caruso, L Malave, P Ruiz, and C Naldini

Subjects
Surgery
Abstract

Objective A cost-effective analysis of the laparoscopic total extraperitoneal (TEP) repair and laparoscopic trans- abdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) laparoscopic versus open inguinal hernia repair is still not well addressed. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical and cost-effective outcomes of TEP repair and TAPP repair for unilateral inguinal hernia. Methods This is a clinical and cost-effectiveness analysis within a randomized prospective study conducted at Sanchinarro University Hospital. Cases of primary, reducible unilaterl inguinal hernia were included and randomized using a simple randomization program. The outcome parameters included surgical and postoperative costs, quality adjusted life years (QALY), and incremental cost per QALY gained or the incremental cost effectiveness ratio. Results Between January 2020 and January 2023, 60 patients were enrolled in this study (30 of them underwent TEP and 30 TAPP). The TEP procedure had less early postoperative pain (p=0.035). The operative time was higher in the TAPP group with respecto to the TEP group (p =0.05). The overall cost of TAPP procedure was higher compared with the TEP cost but without statically significance (883.93s vs 780 p>0,05). The mean QALYs at 1 year for TEP (0.7094) was higher than that associated with TAPP (0.541) (p=0,038). At a willingness-to-pay threshold of 20,000 s and 30,000 s, there was a 85.28% and 91.44% probability that TEP was more cost-effective relative to TAPP. Conclusions The TEP procedure for unilateral and bilateral inguinal hernia appears to be more cost-effective compared with TAPP.

Published
2023

22. OC-086 THE NEW ERA OF 3D-PRINTING TECHNIQUES IN A MEDICAL SETTING: EARLIER EXPERIENCE WITH THE USE OF BOTULINUM TOXIN FOR COMPLEX VENTRAL INCISIONAL HERNIA

Author

R Caruso, E Vicente, Y Quijano, V Ferri, H Duran, E Diaz, I Fabra, L Malave, P Ruiz, G Pizzuti, and C Naldini

Subjects
Surgery
Abstract

In the last years 3D printing has progressively gained widespread interest for its several applications in many medical fields. Among the most common diagnostic imaging techniques, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allow only two-dimensional images to obtain information on different pathologies. This requires excellent visualization skills from not specialized medical doctors. The 3D printing has been developed to overcome the current disadvantages of conventional imaging techniques. The 3D models are created from the diagnostic studies of the patient (MRI, CT, PET or a combination of those) with a process that fuse advanced medical imaging algorithms and medical image processing, which are supervised by specialized radiologists. Hereby we describe the cases of two patients with giant incisional hernias. The patients underwent 3D study before botulinum toxin treatment and another 3D model a months after the botulin toxin. With the 3D model we calculated the abdominal cavity volume before and after the treatment with botulinum toxin. Six weeks after the toxin we planned the surgery. The operation time was 180 min and 150 min respectively. The patient's diet was resumed on the first day postsurgery, and the postoperative hospital stay was five days. Our experience gives an overview of the current use of 3D-techniques, more specifically in the field of abdominal wall defect.

Published
2023

23. V-047 VIDEO OF A LAPAROSCOPIC TRANSABDOMINAL PREPERITONEAL(TAPP) REPAIR FOR GIANT INGUINOSCROTAL HERNIA

Author

R Caruso, V Ferri, E Vicente, Y Quijano, H Duran, E Diaz, I Fabra, L Malave, P Ruiz, G Pizzuti, and C Naldini

Subjects
Surgery
Abstract

Giant inguinoscrotal (GIS) hernias are rarely encountered in clinical settings and are oftenassociated with mental neglect for many years. This type of hernia is defined as “giant” if it descends belowthe mid-point of the inner thigh of a patient in an upright position. The laparoscopic repair approach of aGIS hernia is technically challenging. It has been claimed that laparoscopic surgery has several advantagesover the open surgical approach, with less pain and an earlier recovery. The aim of this video is to evaluatethe efficacy of TAPP (laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal) in order to treat a GIS hernia. A 65-year-old male without a relevant past medical history was admitted to theemergency service with abdominal pain, belching and nausea. He denied any other symptoms, and noprevious surgical operations were recorded. Physical examination showed a large mass in the left scrotumbelow the mid-point of the inner thigh of the patient in an upright position. A CT scan confirmed thediagnosis of a GIS. A laparoscopic TAPP procedure was decided upon as the best course of treatment. Results The patient underwent a successful repair procedure. The operation time was 150 min. Nointraoperative blood transfusion was necessary. The patient's diet was resumed on the first day postsurgery, and the postoperative hospital stay was three days. Laparoscopic TAPP repair is a safe and feasible method for surgically managing GIS hernias.

Published
2023

25. Update on Antimicrobial Therapy in Management of Acute Odontogenic Infection in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Author

Sam R. Caruso, Jason E. Portnof, and Elena Yamaguchi

Subjects
Periodontitis, Odontogenic infection, business.industry, medicine.drug_class, medicine.medical_treatment, Antibiotics, Dentistry, Dental Caries, medicine.disease, Antimicrobial, Surgery, Oral, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Gingivitis, Otorhinolaryngology, Oral microbiology, Incision and drainage, Oral and maxillofacial surgery, medicine, Drainage, Humans, Surgery, Oral Surgery, medicine.symptom, business, Periodontal Diseases
Abstract

This article focuses on the antimicrobial therapy of head and neck infections from odontogenic origin. Odontogenic infections are among the most common infections of the oral cavity. They are sourced primarily from dental caries and periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis). Many odontogenic infections are self-limiting and may drain spontaneously. However, these infections may drain into the anatomic spaces adjacent to the oral cavity and spread along the contiguous facial planes, leading to more serious infections. Antibiotics are an important aspect of care of the patient with an acute odontogenic infection. Antibiotics are not a substitute for definitive surgical management.

Published
2022

28. Estudio comparativo entre la gastrectomía total y subtotal en el cáncer distal de estómago: metaanálisis de estudios prospectivos y retrospectivos

Author

R. Caruso, Valentina Ferri, Yolanda Quijano Collazo, Hipólito Durán Giménez-Rico, Pablo Cardinal-Fernández, Lucía Ríos Pérez, Lucía Diéguez Aguirre, and Emilio Vicente López

Subjects
Gynecology, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, 0302 clinical medicine, business.industry, Medicine, Surgery, 030230 surgery, business
Abstract

Resumen El tipo de gastrectomia, total (GT) o distal (GD), en el cancer gastrico medio o distal no esta claramente consensuada, sobre todo cuando es indiferenciado o difuso de Lauren. Pretendemos en este metaanalisis definir en terminos de supervivencia y morbimortalidad cual de las 2 tecnicas debiera ser recomendada. Se han incluido trabajos prospectivos y retrospectivos que comparen ambas tecnicas hasta un total de 6.303 pacientes (3.641 GD y 2.662 GT). La GD se asocio de forma significativa con menos complicaciones, menos fistulas anastomoticas y menos mortalidad peroperatoria. El numero de ganglios en la GD fue significativamente menor, pero siempre por encima de 15. Por ultimo, la supervivencia a 5 anos de la GD fue tambien superior. Por tanto, la GD, siempre que se obtenga un margen de seguridad e independientemente del tipo histologico, debe efectuarse en la cirugia de cancer distal de estomago.

Published
2020

29. Validation of high voltage power supplies for the 1-inch photomultipliers of AugerPrime, the Pierre Auger Observatory upgrade

Author

G.A. Anastasi, M. Buscemi, M. Aglietta, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, S. Costa, S. Gallian, A. Gorgi, N. Guardone, C. Lombardo, R. Wheadon, A. Zampieri, Anastasi G.A., Buscemi M., Aglietta M., Caruso R., Castellina A., Costa S., Gallian S., Gorgi A., Guardone N., Lombardo C., Wheadon R., and Zampieri A.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Cherenkov detectors, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Detector design and construction technologies and materials, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation, Voltage distributions, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

In the framework of the upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory, a new high voltage module is being employed for the power supply of the 1-inch photomultiplier added to each water-Cherenkov detector of the surface array with the aim of increasing the dynamic range of the measurements. This module is located in a dedicated box near the electronics and comprises a low consumption DC-DC converter hosted inside an aluminum box. All the modules have undergone specific tests to verify their reliability in the extreme environmental conditions of the Argentinian pampa. In this paper, we describe the validation procedure and the facility developed to this aim. The successful results of the tests on the HVPS modules are presented and discussed., 11 pages, 9 figures, published on JINST as technical report

Published
2022

30. Discovery of a Chiral DNA‐Targeted Platinum–Acridine Agent with Potent Enantioselective Anticancer Activity

Author

Ulrich Bierbach, Shenjie Zhang, Sofia R. Caruso, Noah H. Watkins, P. Keegan Rose, Cynthia S. Day, and Xiyuan Yao

Subjects
Lung Neoplasms, Cell Survival, Stereochemistry, Antineoplastic Agents, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Article, Catalysis, Pyrrolidine, Structure-Activity Relationship, chemistry.chemical_compound, Coordination Complexes, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Cell Line, Tumor, Drug Discovery, DNA adduct, Humans, Cell Proliferation, Platinum, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Molecular Structure, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, Enantioselective synthesis, Stereoisomerism, DNA, Neoplasm, General Medicine, General Chemistry, Ligand (biochemistry), 0104 chemical sciences, respiratory tract diseases, Acridine, Acridines, Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor, Enantiomer, Linker, DNA
Abstract

A structure-activity relationship study was performed for a set of rigidified platinum-acridine anticancer agents containing linkers derived from chiral pyrrolidine and piperidine scaffolds. Screening a library of microscale reactions and selected resynthesized compounds in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells showed that cytotoxicities varied by more than three orders of magnitude. A potent hit compound was discovered containing a (R)-N-(piperidin-3-yl) linker (P2-6R), which killed NCI-H460 and A549 lung cancer cells 100 times more effectively than the S enantiomer (P2-6S). P2-6R accumulated in A549 cells significantly faster and produced 50-fold higher DNA adduct levels than P2-6S. Ligand similarity analysis suggests that only module 6R may be compatible with strainless monofunctional intercalative binding. NCI-60 screening and COMPARE analysis highlights the spectrum of activity and potential utility of P2-6R for treating NSCLC and other solid tumors.

Published
2020

31. Early Progression and Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome During Treatment of Mild-To-Moderate Kaposi Sarcoma in Sub-Saharan Africa and South America: Incidence, Long-Term Outcomes, and Effects of Early Chemotherapy

Author

Thomas B. Campbell, Triin Umbleja, McNeil Ngongondo, Wadzanai Samaneka, Noluthando Mwelase, Rosie Mngqibisa, Dirk P. Dittmer, Margaret Borok, Brenda Hoagland, Catherine Godfrey, Oto Martinez-Maza, Amc React-Ks Team, Minhee Kang, Mulinda Nyirenda, Susan E. Krown, Mina C. Hosseinipour, and Stephanie R Caruso

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents, medicine.medical_treatment, HIV Infections, 030312 virology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Cumulative incidence, Sarcoma, Kaposi, Africa South of the Sahara, Etoposide, Not evaluated, 0303 health sciences, Chemotherapy, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), South America, medicine.disease, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Treatment Outcome, Infectious Diseases, Tumor progression, Disease Progression, Female, Sarcoma, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background: Early progression of AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS-PD) and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (KS-IRIS) sometimes occur after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods: Early KS-PD and KS-IRIS were assessed in the A5264/AMC-067 trial in which participants with mild-to-moderate AIDS-KS were randomized to initiate ART with either immediate or as-needed oral etoposide. Early KS-PD was defined as tumor progression within 12 weeks of ART initiation. When investigators had concern that early KS-PD was KS-IRIS, additional evaluations were performed. Suspected KS-IRIS was defined as early KS-PD accompanied by a CD4 count increase of ≥50 cells per cubic millimeter or plasma HIV-1 RNA decrease of ≥0.5 log10 copies/mL. Clinical outcome was a composite end point categorized as failure, stable, and response at 48 and 96 weeks compared with baseline. Results: Fifty of 190 participants had early KS-PD (27%): 28 had KS-IRIS and 22 were not evaluated for KS-IRIS. Early KS-PD and KS-IRIS incidences with immediate etoposide versus ART alone were 16% versus 39%, and 7% versus 21%, respectively. Week 48 clinical outcome was 45% failure, 18% stable, and 37% response for no early KS-PD; 82% failure, 2% stable, and 16% response for early KS-PD; and 88% failure, 0% stable, and 12% response for KS-IRIS. Cumulative incidence of KS tumor response by week 96 was 64% for no early KS-PD, 22% with early KS-PD, and 18% with KS-IRIS. Conclusions: Early KS-PD, including suspected KS-IRIS, was common after starting ART for AIDS-KS and was associated with worse long-term clinical outcomes. Starting ART concurrently with etoposide reduced the incidence of both early KS-PD and KS-IRIS compared with ART alone.

Published
2020

32. When people estimate their personal intelligence who is overconfident? Who is accurate?

Author

Abigail T Panter, David R. Caruso, and John D. Mayer

Subjects
Self-knowledge, 050103 clinical psychology, Social Psychology, media_common.quotation_subject, Intelligence, 05 social sciences, Applied psychology, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 050109 social psychology, Context (language use), Archival research, Self Concept, Test (assessment), Humans, Personality, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Psychology, media_common, Overconfidence effect
Abstract

Objective We explore accurate self-knowledge versus overconfidence in personal intelligence-a "broad" intelligence about personality. The theory of personal intelligence proposes that people vary in their ability to understand the traits, goals, plans, and actions of themselves and others. We wondered who accurately knew that they were higher in personal intelligence and who did not, and whether individuals with more accurate estimates were distinguishable from others in their psychological characteristics. Method Three archival data sets were identified that included both self-estimates and objective measures of personal intelligence: The measures were the Self-Estimated Personal Intelligence scale and the Test of Personal Intelligence. Results People who were over-confident-overestimating their ability-level of personal intelligence-were positive in their outlook and more sociable. People who provided the most accurate self-estimates were higher in verbal and personal intelligences, more open, and more conscientious than others. Conclusions People who were accurate about themselves have not been studied before in this context but may, for example, serve as the monitors and thinkers who help keep themselves and others reasonable and on track.

Published
2020

33. Laparoscopic Transabdominal Preperitoneal (TAPP) Inguinal Hernia Repair Using Fibrin Glue for Fixation of the Mesh and Peritoneum Closure

Author

R. Caruso, Emilio Vicente, Jesus Silva, Y. Quijano, Maria Victoria Diago, Ferri, and Benedetto Ielpo

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Operative Time, Hernia, Inguinal, Fibrin Tissue Adhesive, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Fixation (surgical), 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Hernia, Fibrin glue, Herniorrhaphy, Transabdominal preperitoneal, Peritoneum closure, Wound Closure Techniques, business.industry, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, Surgical Mesh, medicine.disease, Surgery, Inguinal hernia, Treatment Outcome, Surgical mesh, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Feasibility Studies, Operative time, Female, Laparoscopy, Tissue Adhesives, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Peritoneum, business
Abstract

Purpose The aim of this case series is to describe our ongoing experience of laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) inguinal hernia repair using Tisseel fibrin glue for the fixation of the mesh and peritoneum closure. Materials and methods From October 2018, patients who underwent laparoscopic TAPP for unilateral inguinal hernia repair using Tisseel fibrin glue to secure the mesh and the peritoneum, with a minimum of 1 year of follow-up, have been included. Patient demographics, main operative findings, and main postoperative outcomes were analyzed prospectively using a visual analgesic scale (VAS) and a modified short-form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. Results A total of 26 patients have been included and none have been lost during the follow-up. The mean operative time was 92.1 minutes and there was no conversion. The median hospital stay was 1.03 day (range, 1 to 2). The mean follow-up duration was 19.3 months (range, 12 to 26 mo) and none had a recurrence. The postoperative VAS score at 1, 7, 30 days, and 6 months from surgery was 3.18, 1.52, 0, and 0, respectively. The mean SF-36 score at 1, 6, and 12 months from surgery was 90.09, 94.8, and 05.1, respectively. Conclusions The use of fibrin glue for TAPP inguinal hernia repair is a safe and feasible technique with favorable results. Larger comparative randomized studies are needed to confirm these early results.

Published
2020

34. Treatment of advanced AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma in resource-limited settings: a three-arm, open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial

Author

Susan E Krown, Carlee B Moser, Patrick MacPhail, Roy M Matining, Catherine Godfrey, Stephanie R Caruso, Mina C Hosseinipour, Wadzanai Samaneka, Mulinda Nyirenda, Naftali W Busakhala, Fred M Okuku, Josphat Kosgei, Brenda Hoagland, Noluthando Mwelase, Vincent O Oliver, Henriette Burger, Rosie Mngqibisa, Mostafa Nokta, Thomas B Campbell, Margaret Z Borok, Agnes Moses, Cecilia Kanyama, Pamela Mukwekwerere, Ivy Gudza, Felluna Chauwa, Godwin Ulaya, Irene Kutto, Priscilla Cheruiyot, Clement Okello, Annet Nakaganda, Geoffrey Koskei, Winnie Keter, Juliana Netto, Tamiris Baião, Iveshni Govender, Jessica O'Connell-Maritz, Kevin Cain, John Okanda, Lynne Cornelissen, Marije Van Schalkwyk, Rejoice Sikhosana, Minenhle Ngcobo, Jeannette Y. Lee, Taylor Harrison, William Wachsman, Katherine Shin, Scott Evans, Jennifer Rothenberg, Lara Hosey, Sean McCarthy, Otoniel Martinez-Maza, Charles Rinaldo, Dirk Dittmer, Courtney Fletcher, Michelle Rudek, Aida Asmelash, Valery Hughes, Jeffrey Schouten, David Shugarts, Tapiwanashe Kujinga, Amanda Zadzilka, Fredrick Kerui, Debora Robertson, James Rooney, Krishna Sewal, and Brian Gottshall

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Efavirenz, Paclitaxel, Anti-HIV Agents, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Neutropenia, Emtricitabine, Bleomycin, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Internal medicine, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Progression-free survival, Adverse effect, Developing Countries, Sarcoma, Kaposi, Etoposide, Antibiotics, Antineoplastic, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, business.industry, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic, Progression-Free Survival, Clinical trial, chemistry, Vincristine, Africa, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Summary Background Optimal treatment regimens for AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma, a frequent contributor to morbidity and mortality among people with HIV, have not been systematically evaluated in low-income and middle-income countries, where the disease is most common. In this study, we aimed to investigate optimal treatment strategies for advanced stage disease in areas of high prevalence and limited resources. Methods In this open-label, non-inferiority trial, we enrolled people with HIV and advanced stage AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma attending 11 AIDS Clinical Trials Group sites in Brazil, Kenya, Malawi, South Africa, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. Eligible participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) with a centralised computer system to receive either intravenous bleomycin and vincristine or oral etoposide (the investigational arms), or intravenous paclitaxel (the control arm), together with antiretroviral therapy (ART; combined efavirenz, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, and emtricitabine). The primary outcome was progression-free survival (PFS) at week 48, using a 15% non-inferiority margin to compare the investigational groups against the active control group. Safety was assessed in all eligible treated study participants. The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01435018. Findings 334 participants were enrolled between Oct 1, 2013, and March 8, 2018, when the study was closed early due to inferiority of the bleomycin and vincristine plus ART arm, as per the recommendations of the Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB). The etoposide plus ART arm also closed due to inferiority in March, 2016, following a DSMB recommendation. Week-48 PFS rates were higher in the paclitaxel plus ART arm than in both investigational arms. The absolute differences in PFS were −30% (95% CI −52 to −8) for the comparison of paclitaxel plus ART (week 48 PFS 50%, 32 to 67; n=59) and etoposide plus ART (20%, 6 to 33; n=59), and −20% (−33% to −7%) for the comparison of paclitaxel plus ART (64%, 55 to 73; n=138) and bleomycin and vincristine plus ART (44%, 35 to 53; n=132). Both CIs overlapped the non-inferiority margin. The most common adverse events, in 329 eligible participants who began treatment, were neutropenia (48 [15%]), low serum albumin (33 [10%]), weight loss (29 [9%]), and anaemia (28 [9%]), occurring at similar frequency across treatment arms. Interpretation Non-inferiority of either investigational intervention was not shown, with paclitaxel plus ART showing superiority to both oral etoposide plus ART and bleomycin and vincristine plus ART, supporting its use in treating advanced AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma in resource-limited settings. Funding US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health.

Published
2020

35. Innovation in biosafety oversight: The Harvard Catalyst Common Reciprocal IBC Reliance Authorization Agreement

Author

Barbara E. Bierer, Theodore A. Myatt, and Rebecca R. Caruso

Subjects
Protocol (science), Institutional Biosafety Committee, Process (engineering), business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Collaborative model, Research Methods and Technology, General Medicine, Public relations, multi-institutional reliance, compliance, Local community, recombinant DNA, 03 medical and health sciences, Biosafety, 0302 clinical medicine, Promotion (rank), Principal (commercial law), Special Communications, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Reciprocal, media_common
Abstract

Increasingly, basic, translational, and clinical research has become more collaborative, resulting in multi-institutional studies that involve common approaches to a central question. For multi-institutional projects that involve recombinant or synthetic nucleic acids, Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC) review is generally required at each separate site. Duplicative review may result in both administrative costs and delays, without evidence of increased safety or protections, and investigator frustration. To address these inefficiencies, IBC leaders drafted a collaborative IBC Reliance Authorization Agreement. The Agreement allows one or more institutions to cede IBC review to a reviewing IBC that accepts the responsibility. The ability to cede IBC review, and the ability to rely on one decision on behalf of all collaborating institutions for a given protocol, removes delays in approval of multi-center protocols, and collaborating principal investigators are able to focus on research rather than administrative tasks. In the process, we found promotion of this collaborative model led to stronger connections among institutions and among IBC members. The requirement for IBC member representation from the local community, however, limits its broader dissemination; we make several recommendations to mitigate this challenge.

Published
2020

36. Determinants of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders in Italian university students during the Covid-19 outbreak: the leading role of sex, health concerns, and health engagement

Author

F, Dellafiore, R, Caruso, T, Nania, F, Pittella, and S, Barello

Subjects
COVID-19 outbreak, Universities, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Risk and protective factors, COVID-19, Settore M-PSI/06 - PSICOLOGIA DEL LAVORO E DELLE ORGANIZZAZIONI, PTSD, Psychological distress, University students, Disease Outbreaks, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Cross-Sectional Studies, Post-Traumatic, Humans, Students, Stress Disorders
Abstract

The unprecedented changes in daily-life caused by Covid-19 restrictions had many psycho-logical and adverse effects, not only in sufferers but also in the general population, including university students. To date, little is known about Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms experienced by university students during the peak of Covid-19 in Italy. Thus, the study describes Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders related to the Covid-19 outbreak among Italian university students and identifies the psychological distress risk and protective factors.A multicentre observational cross-sectional study.Data collection was involved in a self-reported web questionnaire, using the on-line platform Qualtrics®, in March and April 2020, involving convenience and consecutive sampling of Italians university students in different Italy regions.A sample of 720 Italian university students was enrolled. Data analysis highlighted the leading role of sex, health concerns, and health engagement as negative or positive determinants of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders in Italian university students during the Covid-19 outbreak. In particular, it is very insightful having discovered that health engagement is a protective factor of students' mental health.This is the first study identifying sex, health issues and health commitment as positive or negative determinants of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders symptoms in Italian university students during the Covid-19 epidemic. Accordingly, this new achievement could be the starting point for the development of awareness campaigns for the psychological health of Italian university students.

Published
2022

38. M1 Polarized Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) as Promising Prognostic Signature in Stage I–II Gastric Adenocarcinomas

Author

Giovanni Tuccari, Cristina Pizzimenti, Giuseppe Giuffrè, Antonio Ieni, Luciana Rigoli, Eleonora Irato, Guido Fadda, R. Caruso, and Giuseppe Navarra

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Stromal cell, Perineural invasion, RC799-869, Stroma, stomatognathic system, medicine, Macrophage, tumor microenvironment, Stage (cooking), skin and connective tissue diseases, Tumor microenvironment, CD68, business.industry, tumor-associated macrophages, CD 68/CD80 expression, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, digestive system diseases, Giant cell, Medicine, gastric adenocarcinoma, prognosis, business, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) may be noticed in gastric carcinomas (GC), but their clinicopathological significance has not been yet explored. From a histological review of 400 cases of tubular/papillary adenocarcinomas, 24 cases of stage I–II gastric adenocarcinomas with intraglandular and stromal TAMs were identified. Their clinicopathological features were compared with 72 pT-matched as well as stage-matched control cases of adenocarcinomas without TAMs. TAMs present in GC cases were present either in glands or in neoplastic stroma, showing an immunoreactivity for CD68 and CD80, sometimes, they were organized in mature granulomas with occasional giant cells. Therefore, the stained TAMs were reminiscent of a specific polarized macrophage M1 phenotype, however, in any case of our cohort, no M2 phenotype macrophages were documented by CD 163 and CD 204 immunostainings. Statistically, no significant differences in age, gender, tumor location, size, and lymphovascular and perineural invasion between the case group with TAMs and pT- as well as stage-matched controls were reported, furthermore, the case group showed lower frequency of lymph node metastasis (p = 0.02). In addition, a significantly different clinical course and overall survival rate were also observed in gastric adenocarcinomas with M1 TAMs (p = 0.02) in comparison to controls. These results suggest that tumor-associated M1 macrophages are related to a quite indolent growth and a better prognosis of patients with this peculiar variant of gastric adenocarcinomas.

Published
2021
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39. Microbial enzymatic activity measurements by fl uorogenic substrates: Evidence of inducible enzymes in oligotrophic Mediterranean areas

Author

G. Maimone, R. Caruso, and Gabriella Caruso

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, inducible enzymes, Beta-glucosidase, Microorganism, enzymatic activity, Polysaccharide, Aminopeptidase, Enzyme, chemistry, Biochemistry, Alkaline phosphatase, Organic matter, Leucine, microbes, oligotrophic waters, cell viability
Abstract

Background: In aquatic environments, organic polymers such as proteins, polysaccharides and organic phosphates are cleaved and up taken by microorganisms through the expression of specifi c enzymes such as Leucine Aminopeptidase (LAP), beta Glucosidase (GLU) and Alkaline Phosphatase (AP), respectively. Microbial enzymatic activities are a fundamental step in the organic matter utilization and turnover into simple monomers. The context and purpose of the study: An experiment was carried out by combining the enzymatic assay using fluorogenic substrates with microscopical counts obtained using the viability marker 5-cyano-2,3 ditolyl-tetrazolium chloride (CTC). The main objective was to verify whether the enzyme activity played by microbial cells depends of the cell viability or rather whether the hydrolytic activity is directly stimulated by the availability of organic substrates for microbial metabolism. Results: This study provides evidence that in oligotrophic waters the fluorescence signal often decreases after incubation with the substrate analogue used for the enzymatic assay. For such samples, the extension of the incubation period from 2 to 5 hours has allowed the detection of a positive fl uorescence signal. Simultaneous counts of the abundance of CTC+ cells revealed that only a fraction close to 30% of the total bacterioplankton was actively respiring, suggesting that the observed increase was related to the presence of inducible enzymes rather than of actively metabolising cells. Main findings: Since the synthesis of hydrolytic enzymes by the microbial community can be induced by the presence of the organic substrates, adapting the incubation period to the trophic condition of the examined area is required for accurate enzymatic measurements, especially for oligotrophic environments. Conclusions: This is the fi rst contribution to link the enzyme activity rates with the viability properties (in terms of actively metabolising components) of bacterioplankton inhabiting pelagic Mediterranean waters. Brief summary: Evidence of inducible enzymes in oligotrophic Mediterranean areas was provided by the increase of fl uorescence recorded after incubation up to 5 hours with specifi c fl uorogenic substrates, in concomitance with the detection of a low fraction of actively respiring cells. While microbial cells were quite active for AP synthesis, LAP and GLU were mostly inducible enzymes, activated by the addition of their specifi c polymeric organic substrate. Any potential implications: In the examined oligotrophic waters the enzymatic activities seem to be stimulated mostly by the availability of metabolisable organic substrates.

Published
2019

40. Treatment of neoplastic colonic lesions using the full-thickness resection device

Author

David L. Diehl, Muhammad A. Shafqet, and Carla R. Caruso

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, Full thickness resection device, business.industry, Video Case Series, Gastroenterology, En bloc resection, medicine.disease, Complete resection, Tertiary care, ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection, Endoscopy, FTRD, full-thickness resection device, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, Adenocarcinoma, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, In patient, Radiology, Adverse effect, business, EFTR, endoscopic full-thickness resection
Abstract

Background and Aims Advanced adenomas and scarred lesions pose difficulties for the endoscopist because of the need for complete resection and accurate pathologic staging, which cannot be afforded by standard resection techniques. Endoscopic full-thickness resection, first described in Europe for treatment of early adenocarcinoma or scarred lesions in the colon, allows potentially curative en bloc resection in patients who may be at a high risk for surgery. We describe our endoscopic approach and histologic outcomes with use of a commercially available endoscopic full-thickness resection device (FTRD) (Ovesco Endoscopy, Tubingen, Germany). Methods We report our experience using the FTRD for advanced polyps in patients referred to our tertiary care center. Three patients were identified from a prospectively maintained database of patients undergoing FTRD from December 2018 to February 2019. Demographic, endoscopic, and histologic data were collected. Results All patients underwent successful full-thickness resection of the adenocarcinoma, and histopathologic examination showed negative lateral and deep margins. No immediate or delayed adverse events occurred during an average 2-month follow-up period. Conclusions Full-thickness resection with an over-the-scope fitted FTRD is safe and effective in the management of advanced colonic neoplastic lesions.

Published
2019

41. Impact of BRCA1/2 gene mutations on survival of patients with pancreatic cancer: A case-series analysis

Author

Valentina Ferri, Anastasiia Yuriyivna Glagolieva, Eduardo Diaz Reques, Y. Quijano, Hipolito Durand, Isabel Fabra Cabrera, Emilio Vicente López, Ernesto Jesus Barzola Navarro, Benedetto Ielpo, R. Caruso, and Carlos Plaza

Subjects
Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, FOLFIRINOX, medicine.medical_treatment, Splenectomy, BRCA mutation, Case Report, Gene mutation, medicine.disease, BRCA mutations, Radiation therapy, Internal medicine, Pancreatic cancer, Pathologic complete response, medicine, Genetic predisposition, Adenocarcinoma, Folfirinox, General Materials Science, Cisplatin, business, Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Abstract

BRCA gene mutations are found in up to 10% of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cases. We present a description of 4 cases along with a review of the current literature regarding pathogenesis, target treatment, response and survival rates in these types of malignancies. We describe four cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, in three of which the BRCA2 mutation was identified, in one - BRCA1 gene alteration. Two patients underwent surgery following the neoadjuvant treatment with Folfirinox and radiotherapy; in the first case, a distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy was performed and in the second one - the Whipple's procedure. In both cases, a complete pathological response was reported. Other 2 patients were treated with Folfirinox after BRCA mutation identification and acceptable life expectancy was obtained. The association of pathologic complete response (PCR) with lower rates of local recurrence and better survival in patients with various types of adenocarcinomas is well known. Identification of such patients carrying BRCA mutations could provide an application of better personalized treatment. In some patients with pancreatic cancer, especially when there is clinical or demographic reason to suspect a genetic predisposition, a confirmation of the presence of BRCA mutations could provide an opportunity to use target treatment with beneficial outcomes regarding survival.

Published
2019

43. Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: cost-effectiveness analysis of trend modifications of the technique

Author

Gianluca Pellino, Benedetto Ielpo, Jesus Silva, Emilio Vicente, Valentina Ferri, Javier Nuñez, Y. Quijano, R. Caruso, Antonio Giuliani, Ielpo, B., Nunez, J., Ferri, V., Silva, J., Quijano, Y., Vicente, E., Caruso, R., Giuliani, A., and Pellino, G.

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Settore MED/18 - CHIRURGIA GENERALE, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Hernia, Inguinal, Fibrin Tissue Adhesive, 030230 surgery, TAPP, Mesh fixation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Hernia, Cost-Benefit Analysi, Fibrin glue, Laparoscopy, Herniorrhaphy, Groin, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Inguinal hernia, Cost-effectiveness analysis, Surgical Mesh, medicine.disease, Quality-adjusted life year, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Treatment Outcome, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, business, Human
Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of different modifications of the trans-abdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP) repair of groin hernia. Data were collected prospectively for all consecutive patients who underwent TAPP unilateral inguinal hernia repair between November 2017 and March 2019, and who completed a minimum of 1 year of follow-up. Costs and quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained were collected. Three TAPP variations were assessed: mesh fixation and peritoneal closure with staples (group 1); mesh fixation with fibrin glue and peritoneal closure with sutures (group 2); and mesh fixation and peritoneal closure with fibrin glue (group 3). A matched group of open repairs was established. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and main intra-operative and post-operative outcomes were assessed. Overall 120 patients were included (group 1 n = 31; group 2 n = 27; group 3 n = 33; open group: 29). Operative time was shorter for groups 2 and 3, and the main post-operative outcomes were similar. The overall mean total cost of the open group (1185.95€) was lower compared with the laparoscopic group (group 1: 1682.39; group 2: 1538.54€; group 3: 1510.1€) (p = 0.026). However, the mean ICERs of groups 2 and 3 were significantly higher compared with group 1 (p = 0.021) and the open group (p = 0.032). At simulations analysis, the probability of cost-effectiveness was 33.32%, 36.26%, and 36.7% in TAPP groups 1, 2, and 3. In the long term, laparoscopic repair of groin hernia is cost-effective compared with open surgery. The use of fibrin glue for mesh fixation and/or for closing the peritoneum is the most cost-effective option and shortens operative times.

Published
2021

44. What changed in the Italian internal medicine and geriatric wards during the lockdown

Author

M. C. Nava, Ligia J. Dominguez, F. Giofre, S. Dassi, Stella Provini, Roberto Castello, Maria Elena Pipita, Raffaele Landolfi, I. Indiano, S. Schiavone, Renzo Rozzini, Matteo G. Della Porta, A. Cespiati, F. Perticone, G. Bartelloni, Miriam Gino, Maurizio Corsi, Lina Falanga, R. Di Quattro, G. Orio, Salvatore Piro, Antonio Mirijello, Alessio Molfino, L. Biondi, Leonardo A. Sechi, Luciano Ottonello, Marco Bertolotti, C. Sidoli, G. Colombo, C. Bussolino, A. Delitala, P. M. Mannucci, Luigina Guasti, Antonio Nouvenne, Marta Di Pasquale, P. Peasso, E. Favale, A. Volpini, Giulia Costanzo, C. Margaria, S. Morganti, Guido Moreo, F. Nasso, S. Dolenti, Enrico Strocchi, Laura Stefani, Cristian Petri, M. M. De Amicis, Maria Domenica Cappellini, E. Magnolfi, G. Principato, Fabio Fabbian, G. D'Aurizio, M. V. Libbra, Fabrizio Fabris, Michela Zanetti, P. Tarsitani, V. Piccinelli, R. Caruso, Andrea Artoni, G. Argiolas, A. D. Di Mauro, C. Custodero, Angela Sciacqua, Gabriella Gruden, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani, A. Falcetta, M. L. Matacena, E. Ianniello, G. Bogoni, M. Soldati, P. Agosti, Patrizia Mecocci, Benedetta Marigliano, Chiara Lonati, Luca Zanoli, Massimo Raspanti, F. Gandolfo, C. Catena, Paolo Rossi, Francesco Salerno, Carlotta Franchi, A. Gennaro, P. Bocchi, Elena Silvestri, R. Leonardi, Raffaella Rossio, M. Vanoli, V. Gioffre, L. Fondrieschi, B. D'Avanzo, N. Scaramellini, S. Del Giacco, A. da Porto, G. Serafini, I. Rossi, Giuseppe Palasciano, R. Gonella, Alice Valoriani, Antonella Afeltra, Filippo Alessandro Montalto, C. Antonucci, Giorgio Galanti, F. Montecucco, I. Aiello, Giuseppe Natoli, Antonio Brucato, C. Di Gennaro, Marco Zoli, Teresa Salvatore, Maria Ester Modeo, Mosè Bartone, Ilaria Ardoino, Flora Peyvandi, E. Simeone, Y. Grassi, Paolo Gallo, S. Leoni, S. Buffelli, Giacomo Emmi, Antonio Cittadini, Maria Teresa Guagnano, F. Corica, Giorgio Basile, G. Oberti, Giulia Grignani, G. Vannini, B. Graziella, A De Giorgi, Roberto Tarquini, G. M. De Vincenzo, M. Fogliati, G. Famularo, Antonio Picardi, Chiara Mussi, Andrea Maria Maresca, M. Pisati, Silvia Prolo, Domenico Girelli, Maurizio Muscaritoli, E. Amoruso, Silvia Ghidoni, Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Caterina Mengoli, Vanessa Bianconi, Carlo Vigorito, M. Galassi, A. Di Pino, M. Bellan, M. Girino, F. Bellone, V. Beccati, Luigi Anastasio, Laura Cortesi, M. Mattioli, Giuseppe Montalto, Gino Roberto Corazza, S. Fragapani, M. V. Rabuini, Pietro Minuz, Lara Caserza, R. Battaglia, F. Cacioppo, D. Cerminara, S. Di Marca, Gian Paolo Ceda, V. Beneduce, A. Ballestrero, Giuseppe Montrucchio, G. De Luca, G. P. Fra, Vincenzo Stanghellini, Raffaele Maio, A. Cavarape, N. Passariello, F. Berti, Patrizia Suppressa, Benedetta Stancanelli, A. Giorgi, Marta Rizzo, L. Colangelo, Massimo Montalto, A. Pilotto, Anna Licata, Francesco Violi, M. S. Pisciotta, Maria Perticone, Giuseppe Zuccalà, Virginia Boccardi, L. Ricevuti, Alessandra Marengoni, Giuseppe Romanelli, V. Saracco, Paola Riva, Giuseppe Paolisso, Alessandro Nobili, Francesco Saverio Vella, S. Tiraboschi, G. Pallini, G. Vischi, Nicola Lucio Liberato, R. Tiseo, Valter Monzani, Marcello Maggio, G. Damiani, G. Leoncini, M. Sanino, M. Cesari, Luana Castiglioni, G. Miglio, Luciano Rinaldi, M. Cilli, T. de Falco, C. Ricozzi, F. Tolloso, R. D. Diprizio, M. Berria, S. Mularo, A. Comitangelo, Carmelinda Ruggiero, Eugenio Ruggeri, Claudio Borghi, Tiziana Tognin, Antonino Catalano, A. Simili, Agostino Gaudio, Mario Barbagallo, Emanuela Miceli, Luca Pasina, A. Vignali, Alessandro Salvi, Giuseppe Delitala, Elena Succurro, Maria Antonietta Bleve, Alessio Novella, Sergio Harari, D. Sola, A. Dal Col, A. Di Sabatino, F. Ferrando, Enrico Petrillo, Francesco Baffa Bellucci, Andrea Ticinesi, L. La Malfa, Davide Firinu, Franco Arturi, Umberto Vespasiani Gentilucci, Lorenzo Malatino, Alessandra Bettiol, Valeria Savojardo, Francesca Mete, R. Quadri, Mancuso G, G. Pina, C. Poletto, G. Colussi, Sarah Damanti, Ginevra De Marchi, Graziana Lupattelli, Mario Pirisi, Pietro Castellino, A. Greco, Marta Clerici, Michela Novelli, Giulia Lancellotti, R. Volpi, R. Scurti, T. Prandini, Marco Carbone, E.A. Pulixi, Gianni Biolo, S. del Vecchio, W. Capeci, Tiziana Meschi, Luigi Fenoglio, Giovanna Fabio, R. Ghio, Francesco Cipollone, Leonardo Campiotti, G. P. Martino, Michela Pasino, Maria Grazia Serra, A. Bragagni, Roberto Pontremoli, Salvatore Corrao, Mauro Tettamanti, C. Catalano, L. Monaco, S. Berra, Alice Grossi, Giuseppe Bellelli, G. N. Imperiale, C. Principato, Gabriele Mascherini, E. Larovere, A. Pietrangelo, Giancarlo Labbadia, Fabiana Busti, I. Bertozzi, F. Napoli, Domenico Prisco, G. Nobili, Carlo Sabbà, Francesco Purrello, P. Pettinari, B. Tassone, G. Ceriani, G. Scanzi, S. Baldassarre, I. Mattioli, G. Sigon, Costanza Caccia Dominioni, Alessandro Squizzato, C. Gracin, Benedetta Boari, Roberto Manfredini, M. Grossi, Salvatore Minisola, Daniela Calipari, R. Alcidi, D. Lucente, V. Terranova, D'Avanzo B., Nobili A., Tettamanti M., Pasina L., Mannucci P.M., Pietrangelo A., Perticone F., Violi F., Corazza G.R., Corrao S., Marengoni A., Salerno F., Cesari M., Franchi C., Cortesi L., Miglio G., Ardoino I., Novella A., Prisco D., Silvestri E., Emmi G., Bettiol A., Mattioli I., Biolo G., Zanetti M., Bartelloni G., Vanoli M., Grignani G., Pulixi E.A., Lupattelli G., Bianconi V., Alcidi R., Girelli D., Busti F., Marchi G., Barbagallo M., Dominguez L., Beneduce V., Cacioppo F., Natoli G., Mularo S., Raspanti M., Zoli M., Matacena M.L., Orio G., Magnolfi E., Serafini G., Simili A., Palasciano G., Modeo M.E., Di Gennaro C., Cappellini M.D., Fabio G., de Amicis M.M., de Luca G., Scaramellini N., Rossi P.D., Damanti S., Clerici M., Leoni S., Di Mauro A.D., Di Sabatino A., Miceli E., Lenti M.V., Pisati M., Dominioni C.C., Pontremoli R., Beccati V., Nobili G., Leoncini G., Anastasio L., Carbone M., Cipollone F., Guagnano M.T., Rossi I., Mancuso G., Calipari D., Bartone M., Delitala G., Berria M., Delitala A., Muscaritoli M., Molfino A., Petrillo E., Giorgi A., Gracin C., Zuccala G., D'Aurizio G., Romanelli G., Volpini A., Lucente D., Picardi A., Gentilucci U.V., Gallo P., Bellelli G., Corsi M., Antonucci C., Sidoli C., Principato G., Arturi F., Succurro E., Tassone B., Giofre F., Serra M.G., Bleve M.A., Brucato A., de Falco T., Fabris F., Bertozzi I., Bogoni G., Rabuini M.V., Prandini T., Manfredini R., Fabbian F., Boari B., de Giorgi A., Tiseo R., Paolisso G., Rizzo M.R., Catalano C., Borghi C., Strocchi E., Ianniello E., Soldati M., Schiavone S., Bragagni A., Sabba C., Vella F.S., Suppressa P., de Vincenzo G.M., Comitangelo A., Amoruso E., Custodero C., Fenoglio L., Falcetta A., Fracanzani A.L., Tiraboschi S., Cespiati A., Oberti G., Sigon G., Peyvandi F., Rossio R., Colombo G., Agosti P., Monzani V., Savojardo V., Ceriani G., Pallini G., Montecucco F., Ottonello L., Caserza L., Vischi G., Liberato N.L., Tognin T., Purrello F., Di Pino A., Piro S., Rozzini R., Falanga L., Pisciotta M.S., Bellucci F.B., Buffelli S., Montrucchio G., Peasso P., Favale E., Poletto C., Margaria C., Sanino M., Guasti L., Castiglioni L., Maresca A., Squizzato A., Campiotti L., Grossi A., Diprizio R.D., Bertolotti M., Mussi C., Lancellotti G., Libbra M.V., Galassi M., Grassi Y., Greco A., Sciacqua A., Perticone M., Battaglia R., Maio R., Stanghellini V., Ruggeri E., del Vecchio S., Salvi A., Leonardi R., Damiani G., Capeci W., Mattioli M., Martino G.P., Biondi L., Pettinari P., Ghio R., Dal Col A., Minisola S., Colangelo L., Cilli M., Labbadia G., Afeltra A., Marigliano B., Pipita M.E., Castellino P., Zanoli L., Gennaro A., Gaudio A., Saracco V., Fogliati M., Bussolino C., Mete F., Gino M., Vigorito C., Cittadini A., Moreo G., Prolo S., Pina G., Ballestrero A., Ferrando F., Gonella R., Cerminara D., Berra S., Dassi S., Nava M.C., Graziella B., Baldassarre S., Fragapani S., Gruden G., Galanti G., Mascherini G., Petri C., Stefani L., Girino M., Piccinelli V., Nasso F., Gioffre V., Pasquale M., Sechi L., Catena C., Colussi G., Cavarape A., da Porto A., Passariello N., Rinaldi L., Berti F., Famularo G., Tarsitani P., Castello R., Pasino M., Ceda G.P., Maggio M.G., Morganti S., Artoni A., Grossi M., Del Giacco S., Firinu D., Costanzo G., Argiolas G., Montalto G., Licata A., Montalto F.A., Corica F., Basile G., Catalano A., Bellone F., Principato C., Malatino L., Stancanelli B., Terranova V., Di Marca S., Di Quattro R., la Malfa L., Caruso R., Mecocci P., Ruggiero C., Boccardi V., Meschi T., Ticinesi A., Nouvenne A., Minuz P., Fondrieschi L., Imperiale G.N., Pirisi M., Fra G.P., Sola D., Bellan M., Porta M., Riva P., Quadri R., Larovere E., Novelli M., Scanzi G., Mengoli C., Provini S., Ricevuti L., Simeone E., Scurti R., Tolloso F., Tarquini R., Valoriani A., Dolenti S., Vannini G., Volpi R., Bocchi P., Vignali A., Harari S., Lonati C., Napoli F., Aiello I., Landolfi R., Montalto M., Mirijello A., Ghidoni S., Salvatore T., Monaco L., Ricozzi C., Pilotto A., Indiano I., Gandolfo F., D'Avanzo, B, Nobili, A, Tettamanti, M, Pasina, L, Mannucci, P, Bellelli, G, D'Avanzo, B., Nobili, A., Tettamanti, M., Pasina, L., Mannucci, P. M., Pietrangelo, A., Perticone, F., Violi, F., Corazza, G. R., Corrao, S., Marengoni, A., Salerno, F., Cesari, M., Franchi, C., Cortesi, L., Miglio, G., Ardoino, I., Novella, A., Prisco, D., Silvestri, E., Emmi, G., Bettiol, A., Mattioli, I., Biolo, G., Zanetti, M., Bartelloni, G., Vanoli, M., Grignani, G., Pulixi, E. A., Lupattelli, G., Bianconi, V., Alcidi, R., Girelli, D., Busti, F., Marchi, G., Barbagallo, M., Dominguez, L., Beneduce, V., Cacioppo, F., Natoli, G., Mularo, S., Raspanti, M., Zoli, M., Matacena, M. L., Orio, G., Magnolfi, E., Serafini, G., Simili, A., Palasciano, G., Modeo, M. E., Di Gennaro, C., Cappellini, M. D., Fabio, G., de Amicis, M. M., de Luca, G., Scaramellini, N., Rossi, P. D., Damanti, S., Clerici, M., Leoni, S., Di Mauro, A. D., Di Sabatino, A., Miceli, E., Lenti, M. V., Pisati, M., Dominioni, C. C., Pontremoli, R., Beccati, V., Nobili, G., Leoncini, G., Anastasio, L., Carbone, M., Cipollone, F., Guagnano, M. T., Rossi, I., Mancuso, G., Calipari, D., Bartone, M., Delitala, G., Berria, M., Delitala, A., Muscaritoli, M., Molfino, A., Petrillo, E., Giorgi, A., Gracin, C., Zuccala, G., D'Aurizio, G., Romanelli, G., Volpini, A., Lucente, D., Picardi, A., Gentilucci, U. V., Gallo, P., Bellelli, G., Corsi, M., Antonucci, C., Sidoli, C., Principato, G., Arturi, F., Succurro, E., Tassone, B., Giofre, F., Serra, M. G., Bleve, M. A., Brucato, A., de Falco, T., Fabris, F., Bertozzi, I., Bogoni, G., Rabuini, M. V., Prandini, T., Manfredini, R., Fabbian, F., Boari, B., de Giorgi, A., Tiseo, R., Paolisso, G., Rizzo, M. R., Catalano, C., Borghi, C., Strocchi, E., Ianniello, E., Soldati, M., Schiavone, S., Bragagni, A., Sabba, C., Vella, F. S., Suppressa, P., de Vincenzo, G. M., Comitangelo, A., Amoruso, E., Custodero, C., Fenoglio, L., Falcetta, A., Fracanzani, A. L., Tiraboschi, S., Cespiati, A., Oberti, G., Sigon, G., Peyvandi, F., Rossio, R., Colombo, G., Agosti, P., Monzani, V., Savojardo, V., Ceriani, G., Pallini, G., Montecucco, F., Ottonello, L., Caserza, L., Vischi, G., Liberato, N. L., Tognin, T., Purrello, F., Di Pino, A., Piro, S., Rozzini, R., Falanga, L., Pisciotta, M. S., Bellucci, F. B., Buffelli, S., Montrucchio, G., Peasso, P., Favale, E., Poletto, C., Margaria, C., Sanino, M., Guasti, L., Castiglioni, L., Maresca, A., Squizzato, A., Campiotti, L., Grossi, A., Diprizio, R. D., Bertolotti, M., Mussi, C., Lancellotti, G., Libbra, M. V., Galassi, M., Grassi, Y., Greco, A., Sciacqua, A., Perticone, M., Battaglia, R., Maio, R., Stanghellini, V., Ruggeri, E., del Vecchio, S., Salvi, A., Leonardi, R., Damiani, G., Capeci, W., Mattioli, M., Martino, G. P., Biondi, L., Pettinari, P., Ghio, R., Dal Col, A., Minisola, S., Colangelo, L., Cilli, M., Labbadia, G., Afeltra, A., Marigliano, B., Pipita, M. E., Castellino, P., Zanoli, L., Gennaro, A., Gaudio, A., Saracco, V., Fogliati, M., Bussolino, C., Mete, F., Gino, M., Vigorito, C., Cittadini, A., Moreo, G., Prolo, S., Pina, G., Ballestrero, A., Ferrando, F., Gonella, R., Cerminara, D., Berra, S., Dassi, S., Nava, M. C., Graziella, B., Baldassarre, S., Fragapani, S., Gruden, G., Galanti, G., Mascherini, G., Petri, C., Stefani, L., Girino, M., Piccinelli, V., Nasso, F., Gioffre, V., Pasquale, M., Sechi, L., Catena, C., Colussi, G., Cavarape, A., da Porto, A., Passariello, N., Rinaldi, L., Berti, F., Famularo, G., Tarsitani, P., Castello, R., Pasino, M., Ceda, G. P., Maggio, M. G., Morganti, S., Artoni, A., Grossi, M., Del Giacco, S., Firinu, D., Costanzo, G., Argiolas, G., Montalto, G., Licata, A., Montalto, F. A., Corica, F., Basile, G., Catalano, A., Bellone, F., Principato, C., Malatino, L., Stancanelli, B., Terranova, V., Di Marca, S., Di Quattro, R., la Malfa, L., Caruso, R., Mecocci, P., Ruggiero, C., Boccardi, V., Meschi, T., Ticinesi, A., Nouvenne, A., Minuz, P., Fondrieschi, L., Imperiale, G. N., Pirisi, M., Fra, G. P., Sola, D., Bellan, M., Porta, M., Riva, P., Quadri, R., Larovere, E., Novelli, M., Scanzi, G., Mengoli, C., Provini, S., Ricevuti, L., Simeone, E., Scurti, R., Tolloso, F., Tarquini, R., Valoriani, A., Dolenti, S., Vannini, G., Volpi, R., Bocchi, P., Vignali, A., Harari, S., Lonati, C., Napoli, F., Aiello, I., Landolfi, R., Montalto, M., Mirijello, A., Ghidoni, S., Salvatore, T., Monaco, L., Ricozzi, C., Pilotto, A., Indiano, I., and Gandolfo, F.

Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Aged, Humans, Italy, Hospitals, Internal Medicine, MEDLINE, geriatric, Socio-culturale, law.invention, lockdown, Hospital, Patient Transport, law, Pandemic, Hospital discharge, medicine, Aged, Hospitals, Humans, Internal Medicine, Italy, Letter to the Editor, Internal medicine, LS7_9, business.industry, geriatric patients, medicine.disease, Intensive care unit, Internal medicine, geriatric patients, lockdown, covid-19, covid-19, Medical emergency, business, Human
Abstract

A total of 48 internal medicine or geriatric wards among the 93 adhering to the register REPOSI answered an online questionnaire aimed to investigate the characteristics and activities of converted and non-converted wards in the crucial period of the first wave of the epidemic, 22 February-4 May 2020

Published
2021

45. Involvement of radiologists in oncologic multidisciplinary team meetings: an international survey by the European Society of Oncologic Imaging

Author

Neri, E. Gabelloni, M. Bäuerle, T. Beets-Tan, R. Caruso, D. D’Anastasi, M. Dinkel, J. Fournier, L.S. Gourtsoyianni, S. Hoffmann, R.-T. Mayerhöfer, M.E. Regge, D. Schlemmer, H.P. Laghi, A.

Subjects
education
Abstract

Objectives: Multidisciplinary tumour boards (MTBs) play an increasingly important role in managing cancer patients from diagnosis to treatment. However, many problems arise around the organisation of MTBs, both in terms of organisation-administration and time management. In this context, the European Society of Oncologic Imaging (ESOI) conducted a survey among its members, aimed at assessing the quality and amount of involvement of radiologists in MTBs, their role in it and related issues. Methods: All members were invited to fill in a questionnaire consisting of 15 questions with both open and multiple-choice answers. Simple descriptive analyses and graphs were performed. Results: A total of 292 ESOI members in full standing for the year 2018 joined the survey. Most respondents (89%) declared to attend MT-Bs, but only 114 respondents (43.9%) review over 70% of exams prior to MTB meetings, mainly due to lack of time due to a busy schedule for imaging and reporting (46.6%). Perceived benefits (i.e. surgical and histological feedback (86.9%), improved knowledge of cancer treatment (82.7%) and better interaction between radiologists and referring clinicians for discussing rare cases (56.9%)) and issues (i.e. attending MTB meetings during regular working hours (71.9%) and lack of accreditation with continuing medical education (CME) (85%)) are reported. Conclusions: Despite the value and benefits of radiologists’ participation in MTBs, issues like improper preparation due to a busy schedule and no counterpart in CME accreditation require efforts to improve the role of radiologists for a better patient care. Key Points: • Most radiologists attend multidisciplinary tumour boards, but less than half of them review images in advance, mostly due to time constraints. • Feedback about radiological diagnoses, improved knowledge of cancer treatment and interaction with referring clinicians are perceived as major benefits. • Concerns were expressed about scheduling multidisciplinary tumour boards during regular working hours and lack of accreditation with continuing medical education. © 2020, The Author(s).

Published
2021

46. Transiti nella malattia. Due fenomenologie della speranza

Author

Alastra, V, Bezzi, R, Caruso, L, Castiglioni, Lastra, M, Mapelli B, Gandini, S, Ronconi, S, Romano, M, Vecchio, Castiglioni, M, Alastra, V, Bezzi, R, Caruso, L, Castiglioni, Lastra, M, Mapelli B, Gandini, S, Ronconi, S, Romano, M, Vecchio, and Castiglioni, M

Abstract

Il contributo attraverso il riferimento a due film "Io prima di te" e "Wit" sviluppa il tema dell'esperienza della malattia come transito cruciale nella vita adulta che può essere messo in relazione con la dimensione della speranza che ,secondo Eugenio Borgna, ha due accezioni, delle quali una, foriera di riprogettualità. Tramite il riferimento al film WIT, il transito della malattia viene messo in relazione alla parola del curante.

Published
2021

47. Liver prometastatic reaction: Stimulating factors and responsive cancer phenotypes

Author

Eduardo M. Sotomayor, Cira R. García de Durango, Thierry Vilboux, Olatz Crende, Alejandro Herreros-Pomares, Benedetto Ielpo, Sandra López-Doménech, R. Caruso, Fernando Vidal-Vanaclocha, Antonio Gil, Emilio Vicente, Alvaro Gonzalez, Fernando Lapuente, Yolanda Quijano, Eva Ruiz-Casares, Hipolito Duran, and Leticia Vidal-Lartitegui

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, Stromal cell, Colorectal cancer, Context (language use), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Circulating tumor cell, medicine, Tumor Microenvironment, Animals, Humans, Tumor microenvironment, business.industry, Melanoma, Liver Neoplasms, Cancer, medicine.disease, Neoplastic Cells, Circulating, Primary tumor, 030104 developmental biology, Phenotype, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, business
Abstract

Cancer is first a localized tissue disorder, whose soluble and exosomal molecules and invasive cells induce a host response providing the stromal components of the primary tumor microenvironment (TME). Once the TME is developed, cancer-derived molecules and cells can more efficiently spread out and a whole-body response takes place, whose pathophysiological changes may result in a paraneoplastic syndrome. Remote organ-specific prometastatic reactions may also occur at this time, facilitating metastatic activities of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) through premetastatic niche development at targeted organs. However, additional signaling factors from the inter-organ communication network involved in the pathophysiology and comorbidities of cancer patients may also regulate prometastatic reaction-stimulating effects of cancer and non-cancer tissue factors. This article provides a conceptual overview of our ongoing clinical research on the liver prometastatic reaction (LPR) of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), their portal vein- and hepatic artery-driven LPR-Stimulating Factors (LPR-SF), and their resulting LPR-derived Metastasis-Stimulating Factors (LPR-MSF) acting on liver-invading CRC cells. In addition, we also provide new insights on the molecular subtyping of LPR-responsive cancer phenotypes in patients with CRC and melanoma; and on how to investigate and interpret the prometastatic infrastructure in the real pathophysiological context of patients with cancer undergoing surgical procedures and receiving pharmacological treatments with multiple side effects, including those affecting the LPR, its stimulating factors and responsive cancer phenotypes.

Published
2020

48. Comparative study between total and subtotal gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer: Meta-analysis of prospective and retrospective studies

Author

Valentina Ferri, Hipólito Durán Giménez-Rico, Pablo Cardinal-Fernández, Lucía Diéguez Aguirre, Yolanda Quijano Collazo, R. Caruso, Lucía Ríos Pérez, and Emilio Vicente López

Subjects
Gastric Fistula, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, 030230 surgery, Anastomosis, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Postoperative Complications, Gastrectomy, Stomach Neoplasms, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Perioperative Period, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Mortality rate, Anastomosis, Surgical, General Engineering, Cancer, Margins of Excision, Retrospective cohort study, Perioperative, medicine.disease, Survival Rate, Meta-analysis, Female, Lymph, Lymph Nodes, business
Abstract

There is no clear agreement on the type of gastrectomy to be used (either total [TG] or distal [DG]) in middle or distal gastric cancer, especially when it is undifferentiated or Lauren diffuse type. In this meta-analysis, we intend to define which of the 2techniques should be recommended, based on survival, morbidity and mortality rates. Prospective and retrospective studies comparing both techniques have been included for a total of 6303 patients (3,641 DG and 2,662 TG). DG was significantly associated with fewer complications, fewer anastomotic fistulae, and less perioperative mortality. The number of lymph nodes in DG was significantly lower, but always above 15. Finally, even the 5-year survival of DG was also higher. Therefore, DG, as long as a safety margin is obtained and regardless of the histological type, should be performed in surgery for distal stomach cancer.

Published
2020

49. Microbiological controls in polyculture farming: A pilot case study in the Castellammare Gulf (Sicily)

Author

Gianluca Sarà, R. Caruso, and Gabriella Caruso

Subjects
Integrated aquaculture, Castellammare Gulf, Virulence factors, business.industry, food and beverages, Context (language use), Mussel, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Halophilic vibrios, Mytilus, Fishery, Fecal coliform, Environmental impact, Aquaculture, Microbiological conditions, Ostrea edulis, Polyculture, business, Shellfish
Abstract

Background: Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) experiences, based on the co-cultivation of two or more organisms, have proliferated in recent years; nevertheless, studies regarding the microbiological implications of these farming systems are not available yet. The context and purpose of the study: The microbiological conditions of shellfish and surrounding rearing environment were investigated during a pilot polyculture system (fish and shellfish farming) performed in the Castellammare Gulf (Sicily). The quantitative distribution of faecal coliforms and enterococci as faecal pollution indicators, together with that of environmental and potentially pathogenic halophilic vibrios, was determined in two different seasons (spring and autumn). Samplings of surface waters and bivalves (oysters, Cassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis; mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, and clam, Tapes philippinarum) were performed at stations where integrated polyculture was performed (Impact sites) compared to others (Control sites) where farming activities regarded shellfish only. Results: Higher numbers of faecal pollution indicators were detected in waters at the Impact than at Control ones, generally in spring, although polyculture seemed to have only a low impact over the area. Shellfish products were characterized by vibrios concentrations higher than in waters, due to their filter-feeding activity. They ranged in the order of- 102-103 CFU/g, with higher abundances in spring in the specimens reared at the Impact sites; conversely, in shellfish farmed at the Control sites, no significant quantitative variations were found between the two samplings. The qualitative study of vibrios isolated from both shellfish and environment showed the ubiquituous distribution of V. alginolyticus, and the predominance of V. vulnificus at the Impact sites in both shellfish and waters, representing the 40% and 27% of the total isolates, respectively. Main findings: Overall, the low levels of microbial contamination detected in the area showed that polyculture did not result in a heavy impact on the surrounding environment. Conclusions: The results obtained in the polyculture experiment performed in Castellammare Gulf suggest the use of this system as a sustainable farming strategy for productive purposes. Brief summary: During a pilot experiment of integrated aquaculture, the microbiological quality of the shellfish products was assessed, proving that this productive practice did not give negative results on the concentrations of total heterotrophic bacteria, faecal pollution indicators and potentially pathogenic vibrios. Any potential implications: Polyculture is suggested as an ecofriendly farming system, that allows the production of shellfish safe for consumers.

Published
2020

50. Mental health care in oncology. Contemporary perspective on the psychosocial burden of cancer and evidence-based interventions

Author

W. Breitbart and R. Caruso

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Psycho-Oncology, Psycho-oncology, Socio-culturale, LS5_12, Disease, Anxiety, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, consultation-liaison psychiatry, Cost of Illness, Intervention (counseling), Neoplasms, Medicine, Humans, cancer, Cognitive Dysfunction, 030212 general & internal medicine, oncology, psychooncology, psychotherapy, cancer, mental health, Psychiatry, business.industry, Depression, Mental Disorders, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Cancer, medicine.disease, SH4_5, psychotherapy, Psychiatry and Mental health, Distress, Editorial, psychiatric disorders, psychooncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, cancer burden, oncology, Quality of Life, medicine.symptom, business, Psychosocial, Stress, Psychological, mental health
Abstract

With cancer incidence increasing over time worldwide, attention to the burden of psychiatric and psychosocial consequences of the disease is now mandatory for both cancer and mental health care professionals. Psychiatric disorders have been shown to affect at least 30–35% of cancer patients during all phases of the disease trajectory, and differ in nature according to stage and type of cancer. Other clinically relevant distressing psychosocial and existential conditions (e.g. demoralisation, health anxiety, loss of meaning and existential distress) not included as ‘disorders’ in the usual diagnostic and nosological systems (i.e. meta-diagnostic conditions) have also been shown to be present in another 15–20% of cancer patients. In this editorial, we will present a summary of the extensive literature regarding the epidemiology of the several psychosocial disorders affecting cancer patients as a cause of distress and burden to be taken into consideration and addressed in cancer care through evidence-based intervention.

Published
2020

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