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Resume Objectifs Evaluer les resultats chirurgicaux et les facteurs d’echecs concernant la prise en charge des fistules recto-uretrales traitees chirurgicalement par la technique modifiee de York Mason sur la base des 25 annees d’experience de notre centre. Methodes Les donnees enregistrees entre 1997 et 2021 de tous les patients ayant ete pris en charge dans notre centre pour une cure de fistule recto-uretrale par la technique modifiee de York Mason ont ete observees. Les caracteristiques preoperatoires des patients, les resultats chirurgicaux et les facteurs d’echec ont ete evalues. Resultats Un total de 35 patients ont ete pris en charge en utilisant la technique de York Mason modifiee pour une cure de fistule recto-uretrale. Aucune recidive de fistule n’est survenue dans 28 de ces reparations au cours de la periode de suivi. L’âge median etait de 67 ans (IQR 62–72) et la duree mediane du suivi etait de 71 mois (IQR 30–123). Il n’a pas ete mis en evidence de difference significative entre les deux groupes. Conclusions La technique modifiee de York Mason pour la cure de fistule recto-uretrale iatrogene offre une bonne exposition et un taux eleve de succes. Nous n’avons pas mis en evidence de facteurs predictifs d’echecs d’une premiere prise en charge chirurgicale par la technique modifiee de York Mason. Niveau de preuve 3.

Resumen: Antecedentes: Revisión retrospectiva de pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome del túnel del tarso (STT) tratados quirúrgicamente. Método: Serie retrospectiva de pacientes con diagnóstico de STT operados entre los años 2005 y 2020 en un mismo centro. Se analizan variables como edad, género, lado, nervio o rama afectada, clasificación, tipo de estudio imagenológico, resultado biopsia, tasa de infección, tasa recurrencia, secuelas, entre otras. Resultados: Se incluyen ocho hombres y dos mujeres con edad promedio de 47 años (rango 34-67) y seguimiento promedio de 62,2 meses (rango 2-149). Todos los casos se relacionan con una compresión intrínseca. La causa más frecuente fue la presencia de quiste (40%), seguida de adherencias perineurales (20%). El nervio tibial posterior fue el más afectado (50%) y 30% la rama plantar medial. La ecografía (70%) y resonancia magnética (50%) fueron los estudios más solicitados. No hubo casos de infección postoperatoria. Hubo tres pacientes que presentaron recurrencia de la lesión requiriendo una nueva cirugía. Conclusiones: El STT es una neuropatía que compromete al nervio tibial posterior o a algunas de sus ramas. En general su causa es la compresión del nervio por distintas estructuras como músculos accesorios, gangliones, entre otras. El diagnóstico es eminentemente clínico apoyándose en estudio por imágenes. El tratamiento quirúrgico presenta mejores resultados cuando la causa es una compresión intrínseca, aunque se describen tasas variables de recurrencia. Abstract: Background: Retrospective review of patients with a diagnosis of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome (TTS) treated surgically. Methods: Retrospective series of patients with diagnosis of TTS operated between 2005 and 2020 in the same center. Variables such as age, sex, side, affected nerve or branch, classification, type of imaging study, biopsy result, infection rate, recurrence rate, sequelae, among others, were analyzed. Results: We included 8 men and 2 women with an average age of 47 years (range 34-67) and an average follow-up of 62.2 months (range 2-149). All cases were related to intrinsic compression. The most frequent cause was the presence of cyst (40%) followed by perineural adhesions (20%). The Posterior Tibial Nerve was the most affected (50%) and 30% the Medial Plantar Branch. Ultrasound (70%) and MRI (50%) were the most requested studies. There were no cases of postoperative infection. There were 3 patients who presented recurrence of the lesion requiring a new surgery. Conclusions: TTS is a neuropathy involving the posterior tibial nerve or some of its branches. In general, it is caused by compression of the nerve by different structures such as accessory muscles and ganglions, among others. The diagnosis is eminently clinical, supported by imaging studies. Surgical treatment presents better results when the cause is an intrinsic compression, although variable recurrence rates are described.

The cavus foot is a musculoskeletal pathology with an increase of the medial arch of the concavity of the foot. The etiology of the cavus foot is still enigmatic, it is related with neurologic conditions, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Friedreich's ataxia, and cerebral palsy. The aim of this research was to analyze the plantar pressure distribution of the feet on young athletes with cavus foot.Eighty-three young athletes between nine and 20 years old, that presented cavus feet pathology were recruited. The mass and height average were 56.9 ± 12.36 kg and 1.61 ± 0.10 m respectively. Plantar pressure distribution of the feet was recorded during static conditions. The hindfoot and forefoot pressure were compared in each foot.The plantar pressure distribution were categorized in three groups. In the first group the participants presented higher pressure in the hindfoot than forefoot, in the second group, the athletes showed similar pressure in the posterior and anterior region of the feet and in the last one, the subjects revealed higher pressure in the forefoot. To be considered in one of the three groups, the difference of pressure between the posterior and anterior part of the foot was established at 16%.Many musculoskeletal disorders in the human body are biomechanical in origin and related with foot anatomy. The cavus foot is a pathology with high prevalence in athletes and it is related with the mechanical forces over the feet during dynamic conditions.El pie cavo es una patología musculoesquelética con un aumento del arco medial del pie. La etiología del pie cavo aún es incomprensible, está relacionada con afecciones neurológicas, enfermedad de Charcot-Marie-Tooth, ataxia de Friedreich y parálisis cerebral. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la distribución de la presión plantar en atletas jóvenes con pie cavo.Se reclutaron 83 atletas jóvenes de entre nueve y 20 años de edad, que presentaban patología de pie cavo. La masa y el promedio de altura fueron 56.9 ± 12.36 kg y 1.61 ± 0.10 m, respectivamente. La distribución de la presión plantar de los pies se registró durante condiciones estáticas. Se compararon las presiones del antepié y el retropié.La distribución de la presión plantar se categorizó en tres grupos. En el primer grupo los participantes presentaron mayor presión en la parte anterior del pie; en el segundo grupo los atletas mostraron una presión similar en la región posterior y anterior de los pies y en el último los sujetos revelaron una mayor presión en el retropié. Para ser considerado en uno de los tres grupos, la diferencia de presión entre la parte posterior y anterior del pie se estableció en 16%.Muchos trastornos musculoesqueléticos en el cuerpo humano son de origen biomecánico y están relacionados con la anatomía del pie. El pie cavo es una patología con alta prevalencia en atletas y está relacionada con las fuerzas mecánicas sobre los pies en condiciones dinámicas.

La busqueda de estrategias que permitan reconocer la destreza profesional con base en el dominio de las estructuras metodologicas y que se expresen formas escritas continua siendo un desafio. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar las habilidades metodologicas para la comunicacion cientifica y competencias laborales. En febrero de 2020, se selecciono mediante un muestreo probabilistico aleatorio ocho docentes universitarios en formacion posgraduada de la Universidad Nacional ¨San Luis Gonzaga¨, Ica-Peru. Se analizo las habilidades metodologicas, ademas, de la comunicacion cientifica y competencias laborales mediante un analisis de descripcion segun las respuestas a preguntas indicadas. Se planteo y acepto como hipotesis nula que, las habilidades metodologicas para la comunicacion cientifica y competencias laborales de docentes universitarios en formacion posgraduada son limitadas (H₀: µ = 16; H₁: µ > 16) obteniendose un promedio de 13,875 puntos. Se indico de forma inmediata, establecer estrategias de ensenanza que permitan contribuir al aprendizaje basico de la metodologia de la investigacion y sus modalidades de comunicacion escrita de cualquier resultado para el reconocimiento de las competencias laborales. Se concluyo que, las habilidades metodologicas para la comunicacion cientifica y competencias laborales de los docentes universitarios en formacion posgraduada fueron reducidas.

To assess surgical outcomes and failure factors in the management of rectourethral fistulas treated surgically with the modified York Mason technique based on our center's 25 years of experience.From 1997 to 2021, in a single center study, a total of 35 consecutive patients, underwent rectourethral fistula cure, using the modified York Mason technique. Preoperative patient data, surgical outcomes and failure factors were assessed.Of the 35 patients, 28 were successfully managed without the need of further intervention (80%). Median age was 67 years (IQR 62-72) and median follow-up time was 71 months (IQR 30-123). There was no significant difference between the patients that had recurrence or not after the first York Mason.The modified York Mason technique offers a high success rate for the cure of iatrogenic rectourethral fistulas. No predictive factor of failure, after a first cure of recto-uretral fistula by modified York-Mason technique was reported.3.

At present, the life zones have undergone great changes due to anthropic activities, so the present study was carried out with the aim of identifying and characterizing the life zones of the Satipo district. The applied methodology was the Holdridge life zone classification, the meteorological variables were analyzed, the vegetation cover was identified, also using the ArcGIS, QGIS, ENVI and Microsoft Excel software, the data analysis and field information were processed. In the investigation of bioclimatic factors they show that there are four important determinants: annual biotemperature, mean annual accumulation, humidity provinces and attitudinal levels. Noticing the decline of forests, overpopulation, among others, many companies are choosing to reduce products that lead to the loss of life zones. In the district of Satipo, three life zones were identified and two of a transitory nature of the one hundred and twenty-three existing ones.

The study was carried out in the Timari river micro-basin belonging to the Río Negro district of the Satipo province, with the objective of evaluating the influence of the vulnerability to contamination of surface water resources in the Timari-Río Negro river micro-basin. The results in the physical aspect were: area 1061.16 ha with length of channel 7.36 km and 44 tributaries, slope of the channel 12%, mean elevation of 1176.47 meters above sea level; the biophysical aspect presents: temperature from 19.87°C to 24.16°C, precipitation from 1693 mm to 2063 mm, evapotranspiration from 1083.31 mm to 1519.81 mm and slopes ranging from flat to steep. The population in the socioeconomic aspect presents 40% illiteracy and 60% some degree of education, productive activities are based 83% on agriculture and 17% trade, monoculture predominates with 60% and diversified crops at 40%. The flow rate was 0.248 m3 /s; while the raw surface water quality index presents 81.28 characterized as good quality and ends with 41.87 as poor quality.

Retrospective review of patients with a diagnosis of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome (TTS) treated surgically.Retrospective series of patients with diagnosis of TTS operated between 2005 and 2020 in the same center. Variables such as age, sex, side, affected nerve or branch, classification, type of imaging study, biopsy result, infection rate, recurrence rate, sequelae, among others, were analyzed.We included 8 men and 2 women with an average age of 47 years (range 34-67) and an average follow-up of 62.2 months (range 2-149). All cases were related to intrinsic compression. The most frequent cause was the presence of cyst (40%) followed by perineural adhesions (20%). The Posterior Tibial Nerve was the most affected (50%) and 30% the Medial Plantar Branch. Ultrasound (70%) and MRI (50%) were the most requested studies. There were no cases of postoperative infection. There were 3 patients who presented recurrence of the lesion requiring a new surgery.TTS is a neuropathy involving the posterior tibial nerve or some of its branches. In general, it is caused by compression of the nerve by different structures such as accessory muscles and ganglions, among others. The diagnosis is eminently clinical, supported by imaging studies. Surgical treatment presents better results when the cause is an intrinsic compression, although variable recurrence rates are described.