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1. Time Dependence of 50–250 MeV Galactic Cosmic-Ray Protons between Solar Cycles 24 and 25, Measured by the High-energy Particle Detector on board the CSES-01 Satellite

Author: M. Martucci, R. Ammendola, D. Badoni, S. Bartocci, R. Battiston, S. Beolè, W. J. Burger, D. Campana, G. Castellini, P. Cipollone, S. Coli, L. Conti, A. Contin, M. Cristoforetti, G. D’Angelo, C. De Donato, C. De Santis, A. Di Luca, F. M. Follega, G. Gebbia, R. Iuppa, A. Lega, M. Lolli, N. Marcelli, G. Masciantonio, M. Mergè, M. Mese, C. Neubüser, F. Nozzoli, A. Oliva, G. Osteria, L. Pacini, F. Palma, F. Palmonari, B. Panico, A. Parmentier, S. Perciballi, F. Perfetto, P. Picozza, M. Pozzato, G. M. Rebustini, E. Ricci, M. Ricci, S. B. Ricciarini, U. Savino, Z. Sahnoun, V. Scotti, A. Sotgiu, R. Sparvoli, P. Ubertini, V. Vilona, V. Vitale, S. Zoffoli, P. Zuccon, O. P. M. Aslam, M. D. Ngobeni, and M. S. Potgieter
Subjects: Active sun, Heliosphere, Galactic cosmic rays, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: Time-dependent energy spectra of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) carry crucial information regarding their origin and propagation throughout the interstellar environment. When observed at the Earth, after traversing the interplanetary medium, such spectra are heavily affected by the solar wind and the embedded solar magnetic field permeating the inner sectors of the heliosphere. The activity of the Sun changes significantly over an 11 yr solar cycle—and so does the effect on cosmic particles; this translates into a phenomenon called solar modulation. Moreover, GCR spectra during different epochs of solar activity provide invaluable information for a complete understanding of the plethora of mechanisms taking place in various layers of the Sun’s atmosphere and how they evolve over time. The High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD-01) has been continuously collecting data since 2018 August, during the quiet phase between solar cycles 24 and 25; the activity of the Sun is slowly but steadily rising and is expected to peak around 2025/2026. In this paper, we present the first spectra for ∼50–250 MeV galactic protons measured by the HEPD-01 instrument—placed on board the CSES-01 satellite—from 2018 August to 2022 March over a one-Carrington-rotation time basis. Such data are compared to the ones from other spaceborne experiments, present (e.g., EPHIN, Parker Solar Probe) and past (PAMELA), and to a state-of-the-art three-dimensional model describing the GCRs propagation through the heliosphere.
Published: 2023
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2. Observation of Anomalous Electron Fluxes Induced by GRB221009A on CSES-01 Low-energy Charged Particle Detector

Author: R. Battiston, C. Neubüser, F. M. Follega, R. Iuppa, V. Vitale, R. Ammendola, D. Badoni, S. Bartocci, A. Bazzano, S. Beolè, I. Bertello, W. J. Burger, D. Campana, A. Cicone, P. Cipollone, S. Coli, L. Conti, A. Contin, M. Cristoforetti, G. D’Angelo, F. De Angelis, C. De Donato, C. De Santis, P. Diego, A. Di Luca, E. Fiorenza, G. Gebbia, A. Lega, M. Lolli, B. Martino, M. Martucci, G. Masciantonio, M. Mergè, M. Mese, A. Morbidini, F. Nuccilli, F. Nozzoli, A. Oliva, G. Osteria, E. Papini, F. Palma, F. Palmonari, A. Parmentier, B. Panico, S. Perciballi, F. Perfetto, A. Perinelli, P. Picozza, M. Piersanti, M. Pozzato, G. Rebustini, D. Recchiuti, E. Ricci, M. Ricci, J. Rodi, A. Russi, S. B. Ricciarini, Z. Sahnoun, U. Savino, V. Scotti, X. Shen, A. Sotgiu, R. Sparvoli, S. Tofani, P. Ubertini, N. Vertolli, V. Vilona, U. Zannoni, Z. Zeren, S. Zoffoli, and P. Zuccon
Subjects: Particle astrophysics, Gamma-ray bursts, Astronomical detectors, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: High-energy, long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be generated by the core collapse of massive stars at the end of their lives. When they happen in the close-by universe they can be exceptionally bright, as seen from the Earth in the case of the recent, giant, long-lasting GRB221009A. GRB221009A was produced by a collapsing star with a redshift of 0.152: this event was observed by many gamma-ray space experiments, which also detected an extraordinary long gamma-ray afterglow. The exceptionally large fluence of the prompt emission of about 0.013 erg cm ^−2 illuminated a large geographical region centered on India and including Europe and Asia. We report in this paper the observation of sudden electron flux changes correlated with GRB221009A and measured by the HEPP-L charged particle detector on board the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite, which was orbiting over Europe at the time of the GRB event. The time structure of the observed electron flux closely matches the very distinctive time dependence of the photon flux associated with the main part of the emission at around 13:20 UTC on 2022 October 9. To test the origin of these signals, we set up a simplified simulation of one HEPP-L subdetector: the results of this analysis suggest that the signals observed are mostly due to electrons created within the aluminum collimator surrounding the silicon detector, providing real-time monitoring of the very intense photon fluxes. We discuss the implications of this observation for existing and forthcoming particle detectors on low Earth orbits.
Published: 2023
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3. Gamma-Ray Burst Observations by the High-Energy Particle Detector on board the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite between 2019 and 2021

Author: F. Palma, M. Martucci, C. Neubüser, A. Sotgiu, F. M. Follega, P. Ubertini, A. Bazzano, J. C. Rodi, R. Ammendola, D. Badoni, S. Bartocci, R. Battiston, S. Beolè, I. Bertello, W. J. Burger, D. Campana, A. Cicone, P. Cipollone, S. Coli, L. Conti, A. Contin, M. Cristoforetti, G. D’Angelo, F. De Angelis, C. De Donato, C. De Santis, P. Diego, A. Di Luca, E. Fiorenza, G. Gebbia, R. Iuppa, A. Lega, M. Lolli, B. Martino, G. Masciantonio, M. Mergè, M. Mese, A. Morbidini, F. Nozzoli, F. Nuccilli, A. Oliva, G. Osteria, F. Palmonari, B. Panico, E. Papini, A. Parmentier, S. Perciballi, F. Perfetto, A. Perinelli, P. Picozza, M. Piersanti, M. Pozzato, G. Rebustini, D. Recchiuti, E. Ricci, M. Ricci, S. B. Ricciarini, A. Russi, Z. Sahnoun, U. Savino, V. Scotti, X. Shen, R. Sparvoli, S. Tofani, N. Vertolli, V. Vilona, V. Vitale, U. Zannoni, Z. Zeren, S. Zoffoli, and P. Zuccon
Subjects: Cosmic ray detectors, Gamma-ray bursts, Particle astrophysics, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: In this paper we report the detection of five strong gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) by the High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD-01) mounted on board the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite, operational since 2018 on a Sun-synchronous polar orbit at a ∼507 km altitude and 97° inclination. HEPD-01 was designed to detect high-energy electrons in the energy range 3–100 MeV, protons in the range 30–300 MeV, and light nuclei in the range 30–300 MeV n ^−1 . Nonetheless, Monte Carlo simulations have shown HEPD-01 is sensitive to gamma-ray photons in the energy range 300 keV–50 MeV, even if with a moderate effective area above ∼5 MeV. A dedicated time correlation analysis between GRBs reported in literature and signals from a set of HEPD-01 trigger configuration masks has confirmed the anticipated detector sensitivity to high-energy photons. A comparison between the simultaneous time profiles of HEPD-01 electron fluxes and photons from GRB190114C, GRB190305A, GRB190928A, GRB200826B, and GRB211211A has shown a remarkable similarity, in spite of the different energy ranges. The high-energy response, with peak sensitivity at about 2 MeV, and moderate effective area of the detector in the actual flight configuration explain why these five GRBs, characterized by a fluence above ∼3 × 10 ^−5 erg cm ^−2 in the energy interval 300 keV–50 MeV, have been detected.
Published: 2023
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4. Electron Signal Induced by GRB 221009A on Charged Particle Telescopes of POES and MetOp Satellites

Author: V. Vitale, C. Neubüser, R. Battiston, F. M. Follega, W. J. Burger, M. Babu, L. Conti, M. Cristoforetti, G. D’Angelo, C. Fidani, S. D’Arcangelo, M. Martucci, M. Mergè, A. Oliva, M. Orlando, A. Parmentier, M. Piersanti, D. Recchiuti, Z. Sahnoun, R. Sparvoli, and R. Iuppa
Subjects: Gamma-ray bursts, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: GRB 221009A is a long gamma-ray burst among the most energetic and nearest ( z = 0.151) detected so far. The energy fluence of the burst was so large to cause ionization of the upper layers of Earth’s atmosphere and also observable signals in satellite-borne particle detectors. Electron signals, with the same GRB time development, can arise from the interaction of energetic photons with the particle detector and support structures. This effect was previously reported for the HEPP-L on board the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite. We searched for the same effect on the particle detectors on board five POES and MetOp satellites. Electron signals in coincidence with the gamma-ray emission of the burst were found in three satellites, which were well illuminated by the GRB. The properties of the found electron signals are reported and discussed.
Published: 2023
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5. The CAESAR Project for the ASI Space Weather Infrastructure

Author: M. Laurenza, D. Del Moro, T. Alberti, R. Battiston, S. Benella, F. Benvenuto, F. Berrilli, I. Bertello, B. Bertucci, L. Biasiotti, C. Campi, V. Carbone, M. Casolino, C. Cecchi Pestellini, F. Chiappetta, I. Coco, S. Colombo, G. Consolini, R. D’Amicis, G. De Gasperis, R. De Marco, A. Del Corpo, P. Diego, V. Di Felice, L. Di Fino, C. Di Geronimo, F. Faldi, F. Ferrente, C. Feruglio, E. Fiandrini, F. Fiore, R. Foldes, V. Formato, G. Francisco, F. Giannattasio, M. Giardino, P. Giobbi, L. Giovannelli, M. Giusti, A. Gorgi, B. Heilig, G. Iafrate, S. L. Ivanovski, G. Jerse, M. B. Korsos, F. Lepreti, D. Locci, C. Magnafico, V. Mangano, M. F. Marcucci, M. Martucci, S. Massetti, G. Micela, A. Milillo, R. Miteva, M. Molinaro, R. Mugatwala, A. Mura, G. Napoletano, L. Narici, C. Neubüser, G. Nisticò, M. Pauluzzi, A. Perfetti, S. Perri, A. Petralia, M. Pezzopane, M. Piersanti, E. Pietropaolo, A. Pignalberi, C. Plainaki, G. Polenta, L. Primavera, G. Romoli, M. Rossi, L. Santarelli, G. Santi Amantini, F. Siciliano, G. Sindoni, S. Spadoni, R. Sparvoli, M. Stumpo, N. Tomassetti, R. Tozzi, V. Vagelli, N. Vasantharaju, A. Vecchio, M. Vellante, S. Vernetto, C. Vigorito, M. J. West, G. Zimbardo, P. Zucca, F. Zuccarello, and P. Zuccon
Subjects: space weather, solar photosphere, solar chromosphere, solar corona, solar activity, solar wind, Science
Abstract: This paper presents the project Comprehensive spAce wEather Studies for the ASPIS prototype Realization (CAESAR), which aims to tackle the relevant aspects of Space Weather (SWE) science and develop a prototype of the scientific data centre for Space Weather of the Italian Space Agency (ASI) called ASPIS (ASI SPace Weather InfraStructure). To this end, CAESAR involves the majority of the SWE Italian community, bringing together 10 Italian institutions as partners, and a total of 92 researchers. The CAESAR approach encompasses the whole chain of phenomena from the Sun to Earth up to planetary environments in a multidisciplinary, comprehensive, and unprecedented way. Detailed and integrated studies are being performed on a number of well-observed “target SWE events”, which exhibit noticeable SWE characteristics from several SWE perspectives. CAESAR investigations synergistically exploit a great variety of different products (datasets, codes, models), both long-standing and novel, that will be made available in the ASPIS prototype: this will consist of a relational database (DB), an interface, and a wiki-like documentation structure. The DB will be accessed through both a Web graphical interface and the ASPIS.py module, i.e., a library of functions in Python, which will be available for download and installation. The ASPIS prototype will unify multiple SWE resources through a flexible and adaptable architecture, and will integrate currently available international SWE assets to foster scientific studies and advance forecasting capabilities.
Published: 2023
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6. East–West Proton Flux Anisotropy Observed with the PAMELA Mission

Author: A. Bruno, M. Martucci, F. S. Cafagna, R. Sparvoli, O. Adriani, G. C. Barbarino, G. A. Bazilevskaya, R. Bellotti, M. Boezio, E. A. Bogomolov, M. Bongi, V. Bonvicini, D. Campana, P. Carlson, M. Casolino, G. Castellini, C. De Santis, A. M. Galper, S. V. Koldashov, S. Koldobskiy, A. N. Kvashnin, A. Lenni, A. A. Leonov, V. V. Malakhov, L. Marcelli, N. Marcelli, A. G. Mayorov, W. Menn, M. Mergè, E. Mocchiutti, A. Monaco, N. Mori, V. V. Mikhailov, R. Munini, G. Osteria, B. Panico, P. Papini, M. Pearce, P. Picozza, M. Ricci, S. B. Ricciarini, M. Simon, A. Sotgiu, P. Spillantini, Y. I. Stozhkov, A. Vacchi, E. Vannuccini, G. I. Vasilyev, S. A. Voronov, Y. T. Yurkin, G. Zampa, and N. Zampa
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a study of the east–west anisotropy of trapped-proton fluxes in low-Earth orbit based on the measurements of the Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics(PAMELA)experiment. The differential intensities of eastward- and westward-traveling protons detected in the South Atlantic Anomaly region were estimated as a function of equatorial pitch angle and drift shell, for six energy bins between80 MeV and 2 GeV. We found that, as a consequence of the strong atmospheric gradient coupled with the large gyro radius in this energy range, the intensities of eastward fluxes exceed those of westward fluxes by a factor of∼10–20. However, the reported directional asymmetry also depends on the sign of the local flux gradient, resulting in more intense westward fluxes beyond the radial distances where the inner belt peaks. PAMELA observations can be used to improve the description of the near-Earth radiation environment at lowest altitudes and highest trapping energies, where current theoretical and empirical models are affected by the largest uncertainties. Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Cosmic rays(329);Van Allen radiation belts(1758)1. Introduction Low-altitude inner-belt protons are strongly influenced by the density distribution of Earth’s atmosphere, mostly through interactions with its neutral constituents, which induce significant flux anisotropies. In prim is, the atmospheric loss cone results in a steep pitch-angle distribution, which becomes narrower for lower drift shells. A further, azimuthal anisotropy originates from finite gyro radius effects at proton energies in excess of a few tens of MeV(Haerendel1962; Lenchek & Singer1962). In fact, for a given spacecraft position, protons with the same pitch angle but different gyro phase—the azimuth angle associated with the gyration motion—have their guiding centers on different drift shells. In particular, protons from the west and from the east gyrate around magnetic field lines located at higher and lower altitudes, respectively. The guiding-center separationΔhincreaseswith increasing energy, so that protons moving eastward will encounter progressively lower drift-averaged densities, thus experiencing less atmospheric absorption; the opposite situation will occur for protons traveling westward, resulting in an east–west asymmetry of flux intensities whenΔhbecomes comparable to or larger than the flux scale height(Garmire1963; Heckman &Nakano1963).The trapped-flux anisotropy is a relevant aspect of the modeling of the low Earth orbit(LEO)radiation environment, given the significant engineering implications, especially for The Astrophysical Journal,919:114(6pp), 2021 October 1https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac1677© 2021. The American Astronomical Society.
Published: 2021
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7. Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Carbon and Oxygen Spectra from 10 GeV/n to 2.2 TeV/n with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

Author: O. Adriani, Y. Akaike, K. Asano, Y. Asaoka, M. G. Bagliesi, E. Berti, G. Bigongiari, W. R. Binns, M. Bongi, P. Brogi, A. Bruno, J. H. Buckley, N. Cannady, G. Castellini, C. Checchia, M. L. Cherry, G. Collazuol, K. Ebisawa, H. Fuke, S. Gonzi, T. G. Guzik, T. Hams, K. Hibino, M. Ichimura, K. Ioka, W. Ishizaki, M. H. Israel, K. Kasahara, J. Kataoka, R. Kataoka, Y. Katayose, C. Kato, N. Kawanaka, Y. Kawakubo, K. Kobayashi, K. Kohri, H. S. Krawczynski, J. F. Krizmanic, J. Link, P. Maestro, P. S. Marrocchesi, A. M. Messineo, J. W. Mitchell, S. Miyake, A. A. Moiseev, M. Mori, N. Mori, H. M. Motz, K. Munakata, S. Nakahira, J. Nishimura, G. A. De Nolfo, S. Okuno, J. F. Ormes, N. Ospina, S. Ozawa, L. Pacini, F. Palma, P. Papini, B. F. Rauch, S. B. Ricciarini, K. Sakai, T. Sakamoto, M. Sasaki, Y. Shimizu, A. Shiomi, R. Sparvoli, P. Spillantini, F. Stolzi, S. Sugita, J. E. Suh, A. Sulaj, M. Takita, T. Tamura, T. Terasawa, S. Torii, Y. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, E. Vannuccini, J. P. Wefel, K. Yamaoka, S. Yanagita, A. Yoshida, and K. Yoshida
Subjects: Astrophysics
Abstract: In this paper, we present the measurement of the energy spectra of carbon and oxygen in cosmic rays based on observations with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station from October 2015 to October 2019. Analysis, including the detailed assessment of systematic uncertainties, and results are reported. The energy spectra are measured in kinetic energy per nucleon from 10 GeV/n to 2.2 TeV/n with an all-calorimetric instrument with a total thickness corresponding to 1.3 nuclear interaction length. The observed carbon and oxygen fluxes show a spectral index change of ∼0.15 around 200 GeV/n established with a significance > 3σ. They have the same energy dependence with a constant C/O flux ratio 0.911 ± 0.006 above 25 GeV/n. The spectral hardening is consistent with that measured by AMS-02, but the absolute normalization of the flux is about 27% lower, though in agreement with observations from previous experiments including the PAMELA spectrometer and the calorimetric balloon-borne experiment CREAM.
Published: 2020
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8. CALET on the International Space Station: the first three years of observations

Author: P Brogi, O Adriani, Y Akaike, K Asano, Y Asaoka, M G Bagliesi, E Berti, G Bigongiari, W R Binns, S Bonechi, M Bongi, A Bruno, J H Buckley, N Cannady, G Castellini, C Checchia, M L Cherry, G Collazuol, V Di Felice, K Ebisawa, H Fuke, T G Guzik, T Hams, K Hibino, M Ichimura, K Ioka, W Ishizaki, M H Israel, K Kasahara, J Kataoka, R Kataoka, Y Katayose, C Kato, N Kawanaka, Y Kawakubo, K Kohri, H S Krawczynski, J F Krizmanic, J Link, P Maestro, P S Marrocchesi, A M Messineo, J W Mitchell, S Miyake, A A Moiseev, M Mori, N. Mori, H M Motz, K Munakata, H Murakami, S Nakahira, J Nishimura, G A de Nolfo, S Okuno, J F Ormes, N Ospina, S Ozawa, L Pacini, F Palma, P Papini, B F Rauch, S B Ricciarini, K Saka, T Sakamoto, M Sasaki, Y Shimizu, A Shiomi, R Sparvoli, P Spillantini, F Stolzi, S Sugita, J E Suh, A Sulaj, I Takahashi, M Takita, T Tamura, T Terasawa, S Torii, Y Tsunesada, Y Uchihori, E Vannuccini, J P Wefel, K Yamaoka, S Yanagita, A Yoshida, and K Yoshida
Subjects: Instrumentation And Photography, Astrophysics
Abstract: The CALorimetric Electron Telescope CALET is a space instrument designed to carry out precision measurements of high energy cosmic-rays on the JEM-EF external platform on the International Space Station, where it has been collecting science data continuously since mid-October 2015. In addition to its primary goal of identifying nearby sources of high-energy electrons and possible signatures of dark matter in the electron spectrum, CALET is carrying out extensive measurements of the energy spectra, relative abundances and secondary-to-primary ratios of elements from proton to iron, and even above (up to Z = 40), studying the details of galactic particle propagation and acceleration. An overview of CALET based on the data taken during the first three years of observations is presented, including a direct measurement of the electron+positron energy spectrum from 11 GeV to 4.8 TeV. The proton spectrum has been measured from 50 GeV to 10 TeV covering, for the first time with a single space-borne instrument, the whole energy interval previously investigated in separate sub-ranges by magnetic spectrometers and calorimetric instruments. Preliminary spectra of cosmic-ray nuclei are also presented, together with gamma-ray observations and searches for an e.m. counterpart of LIGO/ Virgo GW events.
Published: 2020
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9. CALET Results after Three Years on the International Space Station

Author: Y Asaoka, O Adriani, Y Akaike, K Asano, M G Bagliesi, E Berti, G Bigongiari, W R Binns, S Bonechi, M Bongi, A Bruno, J H Buckley, N Cannady, G Castellini, C Checchia, M L Cherry, G Collazuol, V Di Felice, K Ebisawa, H Fuke, T G Guzik, T Hams, K Hibino, M Ichimura, K Ioka, W Ishizaki, M H Israel, K Kasahara, J Kataoka, R Kataoka, Y Katayose, C Kato, N Kawanaka, Y Kawakubo, K Kohri, H S Krawczynski, J F Krizmanic, J Link, P Maestro, P S Marrocchesi, A M Messineo, J W Mitchell, S Miyake, A A Moiseev, M Mori, H M Motz, K Munakata, S Nakahira, J Nishimura, G A De Nolfo, S Okuno, N Opsina, J F Ormes, S Ozawa, L Pacini, F Palma, V Pal'shin, P Papini, B F Rauch, S B Ricciarini, K Sakai, T Sakamoto, M Sasaki, Y Shimizu, A Shiomi, R Sparvoli, P Spillantini, F Stolzi, S Sugita, J E Suh, A Sulaj, I Takahashi, M Takita, T Tamura, T Terasawa, S Torii, Y Tsunesada, Y Uchihori, E Vannuccini, J P Wefel, K Yamaoka, S Yanagita, A Yoshida, and K Yoshida
Subjects: Astronomy
Abstract: The CALET (CALorimetric Electron Telescope) space experiment, which is currently conducting direct cosmic-ray observations onboard the International Space Station (ISS), is an all-calorimetric instrument optimized for cosmic-ray electron measurements with capability to measure hadrons and gamma-rays. Since the start of observation in October 2015, smooth and continuous operations have taken place. In this paper, we will give a brief summary of the CALET observations ranging from charged cosmic rays, gamma-rays, to space weather, while focusing on the energy spectra of electrons and protons.
Published: 2020
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10. Study of Forbush decrease recovery times by the Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics (PAMELA) experiment

Author: I. A. Lagoida, S. A. Voronov, V. V. Mikhailov, M. Boezio, R. Munini, G. C. Barbarino, G. A. Bazilevskaya, R. Bellotti, E. A. Bogomolov, V. Bonvicini, F. Cafagna, D. Campana, M. Casolino, A. M. Galper, S. A. Koldobskiy, A. N. Kvashnin, A. Lenni, A. N. Leonov, V. Malakhov, L. Marcelli, N. Marcelli, M. Martucci, A. Mayorov, M. Mergè, E. Mocchiutti, A. Monaco, B. Panico, P. Picozza, M. Ricci, S. B. Ricciarini, S. Rodenko, A. Sotgiu, R. Sparvoli, Y. I. Stozhkov, A. Vacchi, E. Vannuccini, G. Vasilyev, Y. T. Yurkin, G. Zampa, and N. Zampa
Subjects: Settore FIS/01, Space and Planetary Science, Coronal mass ejections, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic rays
Published: 2023

11. Solar-cycle Variations of South Atlantic Anomaly Proton Intensities Measured with the PAMELA Mission

Author: A. Bruno, M. Martucci, F. S. Cafagna, R. Sparvoli, O. Adriani, G. C. Barbarino, G. A. Bazilevskaya, R. Bellotti, M. Boezio, E. A. Bogomolov, M. Bongi, V. Bonvicini, D. Campana, P. Carlson, M. Casolino, G. Castellini, C. De Santis, A. M. Galper, S. V. Koldashov, S. Koldobskiy, A. N. Kvashnin, A. Lenni, A. A. Leonov, V. V. Malakhov, L. Marcelli, N. Marcelli, A. G. Mayorov, W. Menn, M. Mergè, E. Mocchiutti, A. Monaco, N. Mori, V. V. Mikhailov, R. Munini, G. Osteria, B. Panico, P. Papini, M. Pearce, P. Picozza, M. Ricci, S. B. Ricciarini, M. Simon, A. Sotgiu, P. Spillantini, Y. I. Stozhkov, A. Vacchi, E. Vannuccini, G. I. Vasilyev, S. A. Voronov, Y. T. Yurkin, G. Zampa, N. Zampa, and T. R. Zharaspayev
Published: 2021
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12. Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Proton Spectrum from 50 GeV to 10 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

Author: O. Adriani, Y. Akaike, K. Asano, Y. Asaoka, M. G. Bagliesi, E. Berti, G. Bigongiari, W. R. Binns, S. Bonechi, M. Bongi, P. Brogi, A. Bruno, J. H. Buckley, N. Cannady, G. Castellini, C. Checchia, M. L. Cherry, G. Collazuol, V. Di Felice, K. Ebisawa, H. Fuke, T. G. Guzik, T. Hams, N. Hasebe, K. Hibino, M. Ichimura, K. Ioka, W. Ishizaki, M. H. Israel, K. Kasahara, J. Kataoka, R. Kataoka, Y. Katayose, C. Kato, N. Kawanaka, Y. Kawakubo, K. Kohri, H. S. Krawczynski, J. F. Krizmanic, T. Lomtadze, P. Maestro, P. S. Marrocchesi, A. M. Messineo, J. W. Mitchell, S. Miyake, A. A. Moiseev, K. Mori, M. Mori, N. Mori, H. M. Motz, K. Munakata, H. Murakami, S. Nakahira, J. Nishimura, G. A. de Nolfo, S. Okuno, J. F. Ormes, S. Ozawa, L. Pacini, F. Palma, P. Papini, A. V. Penacchioni, B. F. Rauch, S. B. Ricciarini, K. Sakai, T. Sakamoto, M. Sasaki, Y. Shimizu, A. Shiomi, R. Sparvoli, P. Spillantini, F. Stolzi, J. E. Suh, A. Sulaj, I. Takahashi, M. Takayanagi, M. Takita, T. Tamura, T. Terasawa, H. Tomida, S. Torii, Y. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, S. Ueno, E. Vannuccini, J. P. Wefel, K. Yamaoka, S. Yanagita, A. Yoshida, and K. Yoshida
Published: 2019
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13. The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) on the International Space Station: Results from the First Two Years On Orbit

Author: Y Asaoka, O Adriani, Yosui Akaike, Katsuaki Asano, M G Bagliesi, E Berti, G Bigongiari, W R Binns, S Bonechi, M Bongi, A Bruno, Paolo Brogi, J H Buckley, N Cannady, G Castellini, C Checchia, M L Cherry, G Collazuol, V Di Felice, K Ebisawa, Hideyuki Fuke, T Gregory Guzik, T Hams, N Hasebe, K Hibino, M Ichimura, K Ioka, W Ishizaki, M H Israel, K Kasahara, J Kataoka, R Kataoka, Y Katayose, C Kato, N Kawanaka, Y Kawakubo, K Kohri, H S Krawczynski, John F Krizmanic, T Lomtadze, Paolo Maestro, P S Marrocchesi, A M Messineo, John W Mitchell, S Miyake, Alexander A Moiseev, K Mori, M Mori, N Mori, H M Motz, K Munakata, H Murakami, Satoshi Nakahira, J Nishimura, Georgia Adair De Nolfo, James O Okuno, J F Ormes, S Ozawa, L Pacini, F Palma, V Pal’shin, P Papini, A V Penacchioni, B F Rauch, S B Ricciarini, Kenichi Sakai, Takuma Sakamoto, M Sasaki, A Shiomi, R Sparvoli, P Spillantini, F Stolzi, S Sugita, J E Suh, A Sulaj, I Takahashi, M Takayanagi, M Takita, Takumi Tamura, N Tateyama, T Terasawa, H Tomida, S Torii, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Y Uchihori, S Ueno, E Vannuccini, J P Wefel, K Yamaoka, S Yanagita, A Yoshida, K Yoshida, and Y Shimizu
Subjects: Physics Of Elementary Particles And Fields
Abstract: The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is a high-energy astroparticle physics space experiment installed on the International Space Station (ISS), developed and operated by Japan in collaboration with Italy and the United States. The CALET mission goals include the investigation of possible nearby sources of high-energy electrons, of the details of galactic particle acceleration and propagation, and of potential signatures of dark matter. CALET measures the cosmic-ray electron+positron flux up to 20 TeV, gamma-rays up to 10 TeV, and nuclei with Z=1 to 40 up to 1,000 TeV for the more abundant elements during a long-term observation aboard the ISS. Starting science operation in mid-October 2015, CALET performed continuous observation without major interruption with close to 20 million triggered events over 10 GeV per month. Based on the data taken during the �rst two-years, we present an overview of CALET observations: 1) Electron+positron energy spectrum, 2) Nuclei analysis, 3) Gamma-ray observation including a characterization of on-orbit performance. Results of the electromagnetic counterpart search for LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave events are discussed as well.
Published: 2019
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14. Extended Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Spectrum from 11 GeV to 4.8 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

Author: O. Adriani, Y. Akaike, K. Asano, Y. Asaoka, M. G. Bagliesi, E. Berti, G. Bigongiari, W. R. Binns, S. Bonechi, M. Bongi, P. Brogi, J. H. Buckley, N. Cannady, G. Castellini, C. Checchia, M. L. Cherry, G. Collazuol, V. Di Felice, K. Ebisawa, H. Fuke, T. G. Guzik, T. Hams, M. Hareyama, N. Hasebe, K. Hibino, M. Ichimura, K. Ioka, W. Ishizaki, M. H. Israel, K. Kasahara, J. Kataoka, R. Kataoka, Y. Katayose, C. Kato, N. Kawanaka, Y. Kawakubo, K. Kohri, H. S. Krawczynski, J. F. Krizmanic, T. Lomtadze, P. Maestro, P. S. Marrocchesi, A. M. Messineo, J. W. Mitchell, S. Miyake, A. A. Moiseev, K. Mori, M. Mori, N. Mori, H. M. Motz, K. Munakata, H. Murakami, S. Nakahira, J. Nishimura, G. A. de Nolfo, S. Okuno, J. F. Ormes, S. Ozawa, L. Pacini, F. Palma, P. Papini, A. V. Penacchioni, B. F. Rauch, S. B. Ricciarini, K. Sakai, T. Sakamoto, M. Sasaki, Y. Shimizu, A. Shiomi, R. Sparvoli, P. Spillantini, F. Stolzi, J. E. Suh, A. Sulaj, I. Takahashi, M. Takayanagi, M. Takita, T. Tamura, N. Tateyama, T. Terasawa, H. Tomida, S. Torii, Y. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, S. Ueno, E. Vannuccini, J. P. Wefel, K. Yamaoka, S. Yanagita, A. Yoshida, and K. Yoshida
Published: 2018
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15. Helium fluxes measured by the PAMELA experiment from the minimum to the maximum solar activity for solar cycle 24

Author: N. Marcelli, M. Boezio, A. Lenni, W. Menn, R. Munini, O. P. M. Aslam, D. Bisschoff, M. D. Ngobeni, M. S. Potgieter, O. Adriani, G. C. Barbarino, G. A. Bazilevskaya, R. Bellotti, E. A. Bogomolov, M. Bongi, V. Bonvicini, A. Bruno, F. Cafagna, D. Campana, P. Carlson, M. Casolino, G. Castellini, C. De Santis, A. M. Galper, S. V. Koldashov, S. Koldobskiy, A. N. Kvashnin, A. A. Leonov, V. V. Malakhov, L. Marcelli, M. Martucci, A. G. Mayorov, M. Mergè, E. Mocchiutti, A. Monaco, N. Mori, V. V. Mikhailov, G. Osteria, B. Panico, P. Papini, M. Pearce, P. Picozza, M. Ricci, S. B. Ricciarini, M. Simon, A. Sotgiu, R. Sparvoli, P. Spillantini, Y. I. Stozhkov, A. Vacchi, E. Vannuccini, G. I. Vasilyev, S. A. Voronov, Y. T. Yurkin, G. Zampa, N. Zampa, Marcelli, N., Boezio, M., Lenni, A., Munini, W. Menn R., Aslam, O. P. M., Bisschoff, D., Ngobeni, M. D., Potgieter, M. S., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bogomolov, R. Bellotti E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Carlson, D. Campana P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Galper, C. De Santis A. M., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A. A., Malakhov, V. V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Mergè, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Mikhailov, V. V., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sotgiu, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Settore FIS/01, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Heliosphere, Cosmic ray detectors, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Cosmic ray astronomy, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract: Time-dependent energy spectra of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) carry fundamental information regarding their origin and propagation. When observed at the Earth, these spectra are significantly affected by the solar wind and the embedded solar magnetic field that permeates the heliosphere, changing significantly over an 11-year solar cycle. Energy spectra of GCRs measured during different epochs of solar activity provide crucial information for a thorough understanding of solar and heliospheric phenomena. The PAMELA experiment had collected data for almost ten years (15th June 2006 - 23rd January 2016), including the minimum phase of solar cycle 23 and the maximum phase of solar cycle 24. In this paper, we present new spectra for helium nuclei measured by the PAMELA instrument from January 2010 to September 2014 over a three Carrington rotation time basis. These data are compared to the PAMELA spectra measured during the previous solar minimum providing a picture of the time dependence of the helium nuclei fluxes over a nearly full solar cycle. Time and rigidity dependencies are observed in the proton-to-helium flux ratios. The force-field approximation of the solar modulation was used to relate these dependencies to the shapes of the local interstellar proton and helium-nuclei spectra., 9 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2022

16. The GAPS Instrument: A Large Area Time of Flight and High Resolution Exotic Atom Spectrometer for Cosmic Antinuclei

Author: T. Aramaki, R. Bird, M. Boezio, S. E. Boggs, V. Bonvicini, D. Campana, W. W. Craig, E. Everson, L. Fabris, H. Fuke, F. Gahbauer, I. Garcia, C. Gerrity, C. J. Hailey, T. Hayashi, C. Kato, A. Kawachi, S. Kobayashi, M. Kozai, A. Lenni, A. Lowell, M. Manghisoni, N. Marcelli, B. Mochizuki, S. A. I. Mognet, K. Munakata, R. Munini, Y. Nakagami, J. Olson, R. A. Ong, G. Osteria, K. Perez, S. Quinn, V. Re, E. Riceputi, B. Roach, F. Rogers, J. A. Ryan, N. Saffold, V. Scotti, Y. Shimizu, M. Sonzogni, R. Sparvoli, A. Stoessl, A. Tiberio, E. Vannuccini, P. von Doetinchem, T. Wada, M. Xiao, M. Yamatani, A. Yoshida, T. Yoshida, G. Zampa, J. Zweerink, Aramaki, T., Bird, R., Boezio, M., Boggs, S. E., Bonvicini, V., Campana, D., Craig, W. W., Everson, E., Fabris, L., Fuke, H., Gahbauer, F., Garcia, I., Gerrity, C., Hailey, C. J., Hayashi, T., Kato, C., Kawachi, A., Kobayashi, S., Kozai, M., Lenni, A., Lowell, A., Manghisoni, M., Marcelli, N., Mochizuki, B., Mognet, S. A. I., Munakata, K., Munini, R., Nakagami, Y., Olson, J., Ong, R. A., Osteria, G., Perez, K., Quinn, S., Re, V., Riceputi, E., Roach, B., Rogers, F., Ryan, J. A., Saffold, N., Scotti, V., Shimizu, Y., Sonzogni, M., Sparvoli, R., Stoessl, A., Tiberio, A., Vannuccini, E., von Doetinchem, P., Wada, T., Xiao, M., Yamatani, M., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, T., Zampa, G., and Zweerink, J.
Subjects: Physics, Antiparticle, COSMIC cancer database, Spectrometer, Dark matter, GAPS, large-area Time-of-Flight, high-resolution exotic-atom spectrometer, cosmic-ray antinuclei, Cosmic ray, Scintillator, Nuclear physics, Antiproton, high-resolution exotic-atom spectrometer, large-area Time-of-Flight, Exotic atom
Abstract: Low-energy cosmic ray antideuterons ($
Published: 2022

17. On the magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling during the May 2021 geomagnetic storm

Author: M. Piersanti, D. Del Moro, A. Parmentier, M. Martucci, F. Palma, A. Sotgiu, C. Plainaki, G. D’Angelo, F. Berrilli, D. Recchiuti, E. Papini, L. Giovannelli, G. Napoletano, R. Iuppa, P. Diego, A. Cicone, M. Mergé, C. De Donato, C. De Santis, R. Sparvoli, P. Ubertini, R. Battiston, and P. Picozza
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, coronal mass ejection propagation, geomagnetic storm, magnetospheric current systems, magnetospheric particles distribution, solar wind, magnetosphere, ionosphere coupling, space weather, Settore FIS/06 - Fisica per il Sistema Terra e Il Mezzo Circumterrestre
Published: 2022

18. Sensitivity of the GAPS Experiment to Low-energy Cosmic-ray Antiprotons

Author: F. Rogers, T. Aramaki, M. Boezio, S.E. Boggs, V. Bonvicini, G. Bridges, D. Campana, W.W. Craig, P. von Doetinchem, E. Everson, L. Fabris, S. Feldman, H. Fuke, F. Gahbauer, C. Gerrity, C.J. Hailey, T. Hayashi, A. Kawachi, M. Kozai, A. Lenni, A. Lowell, M. Manghisoni, N. Marcelli, B. Mochizuki, S.A.I. Mognet, K. Munakata, R. Munini, Y. Nakagami, J. Olson, R.A. Ong, G. Osteria, K.M. Perez, S. Quinn, V. Re, E. Riceputi, B. Roach, J. Ryan, N. Saffold, V. Scotti, Y. Shimizu, R. Sparvoli, A. Stoessl, A. Tiberio, E. Vannuccini, T. Wada, M. Xiao, M. Yamatani, K. Yee, A. Yoshida, T. Yoshida, G. Zampa, J. Zeng, and J. Zweerink
Subjects: Settore FIS/01, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Balloon-borne instrumentation, Primordial black hole, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Antiproton, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Cosmic ray, Settore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica, Dark matter, GAPS, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: The General Antiparticle Spectrometer (GAPS) is an upcoming balloon mission to measure low-energy cosmic-ray antinuclei during at least three ~35-day Antarctic flights. With its large geometric acceptance and novel exotic atom-based particle identification, GAPS will detect ~500 cosmic antiprotons per flight and produce a precision cosmic antiproton spectrum in the kinetic energy range of ~0.07-0.21 GeV/n at the top of the atmosphere. With these high statistics extending to lower energies than any previous experiment, and with complementary sources of experimental uncertainty compared to traditional magnetic spectrometers, the GAPS antiproton measurement will be sensitive to dark matter, primordial black holes, and cosmic ray propagation. The antiproton measurement will also validate the GAPS antinucleus identification technique for the antideuteron and antihelium rare-event searches. This analysis demonstrates the GAPS sensitivity to cosmic-ray antiprotons using a full instrument simulation and event reconstruction, and including solar and atmospheric effects., Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures, revision updated with addition of Figure 5 and slight changes in the text to match the version accepted by Astroparticle Physics
Published: 2022
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19. Cosmic Antiproton Sensitivity for the GAPS Experiment

Author: Field Rogers, T Aramaki, R Bird, T. Aramaki, R. Bird, M. Boezio, S. E. Boggs, V. Bonvicini, D. Campana, W. W. Craig, E. Everson, L. Fabris, H. Fuke, F. Gahbauer, I. Garcia, C. Gerrity, C. J. Hailey, T. Hayashi, C. Kato, A. Kawachi, S. Kobayashi, M. Kozai, A. Lenni, A. Lowell, M. Manghisoni, N. Marcelli, B. Mochizuki, S. A. I. Mognet, K. Munakata, R. Munini, Y. Nakagami, J. Olson, R. A. Ong, G. Osteria, K. Perez, S. Quinn, V. Re, E. Riceputi, B. Roach, J. A. Ryan, N. Saffold, V. Scotti, Y. Shimizu, M. Sonzogni, R. Sparvoli, A. Stoessl, A. Tiberio, E. Vannuccini, P. von Doetinchem, T. Wada, M. Xiao, M. Yamatani, A. Yoshida, T. Yoshida, G. Zampa, J. Zweerink, Aramaki, T., Bird, R., Boezio, M., Boggs, S. E., Bonvicini, V., Campana, D., Craig, W. W., Everson, E., Fabris, L., Fuke, H., Gahbauer, F., Garcia, I., Gerrity, C., Hailey, C. J., Hayashi, T., Kato, C., Kawachi, A., Kobayashi, S., Kozai, M., Lenni, A., Lowell, A., Manghisoni, M., Marcelli, N., Mochizuki, B., Mognet, S. A. I., Munakata, K., Munini, R., Nakagami, Y., Olson, J., Ong, R. A., Osteria, G., Perez, K., Quinn, S., Re, V., Riceputi, E., Roach, B., Rogers, F., Ryan, J. A., Saffold, N., Scotti, V., Shimizu, Y., Sonzogni, M., Sparvoli, R., Stoessl, A., Tiberio, A., Vannuccini, E., von Doetinchem, P., Wada, T., Xiao, M., Yamatani, M., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, T., Zampa, G., and Zweerink, J.
Subjects: Physics, Antiparticle, COSMIC cancer database, Spectrometer, Dark matter, Cosmic ray, Particle identification, Nuclear physics, cosmic rays, Antiproton, GAPS, antiproton sensitivity, Nuclear Experiment, cosmic ray, Exotic atom
Abstract: The General Antiparticle Spectrometer (GAPS) experiment is a balloon payload designed to measure low-energy cosmic antinuclei during at least three $\sim$35-day Antarctic flights, with the first flight planned for December, 2022. With its large geometric acceptance and novel exotic atom-based particle identification method, GAPS will detect $\sim$1000 antiprotons per flight, producing a precision cosmic antiproton spectrum in the kinetic energy range of $0.03 - 0.23$ GeV/$n$ at float altitude (corresponding to $0.085- 0.30$ GeV/$n$ at the top of the atmosphere). With these high statistics in a measurement extending to lower energy than any previous experiment, and with orthogonal sources of systematic uncertainty compared to measurements made using traditional magnetic spectrometer techniques, the GAPS antiproton measurement will be sensitive to physics including dark matter annihilation, primordial black hole evaporation, and cosmic ray propagation. The antiproton measurement will also validate the GAPS exotic atom technique for the antideuteron and antihelium rare-event searches and provide insight into models of cosmic particle attenuation and production in the atmosphere. This contribution demonstrates the GAPS sensitivity to antiprotons using a full instrument simulation, event reconstruction, and solar and atmospheric effects.
Published: 2021

20. In Search of Cosmic-Ray Antinuclei from Dark Matter with the GAPS Experiment

Author: T. Aramaki, R. Bird, M. Boezio, S. E. Boggs, V. Bonvicini, D. Campana, W. W. Craig, E. Everson, L. Fabris, H. Fuke, F. Gahbauer, I. Garcia, C. Gerrity, C. J. Hailey, T. Hayashi, C. Kato, A. Kawachi, S. Kobayashi, M. Kozai, A. Lenni, A. Lowell, M. Manghisoni, N. Marcelli, B. Mochizuki, S. A. I. Mognet, K. Munakata, R. Munini, Y. Nakagami, J. Olson, R. A. Ong, G. Osteria, K. Perez, S. Quinn, V. Re, E. Riceputi, B. Roach, F. Rogers, J. A. Ryan, N. Saffold, V. Scotti, Y. Shimizu, M. Sonzogni, R. Sparvoli, A. Stoessl, A. Tiberio, E. Vannuccini, P. von Doetinchem, T. Wada, M. Xiao, M. Yamatani, A. Yoshida, T. Yoshida, G. Zampa, J. Zweerink, Aramaki, T., Bird, R., Boezio, M., Boggs, S. E., Bonvicini, V., Campana, D., Craig, W. W., Everson, E., Fabris, L., Fuke, H., Gahbauer, F., Garcia, I., Gerrity, C., Hailey, C. J., Hayashi, T., Kato, C., Kawachi, A., Kobayashi, S., Kozai, M., Lenni, A., Lowell, A., Manghisoni, M., Marcelli, N., Mochizuki, B., Mognet, S. A. I., Munakata, K., Munini, R., Nakagami, Y., Olson, J., Ong, R. A., Osteria, G., Perez, K., Quinn, S., Re, V., Riceputi, E., Roach, B., Rogers, F., Ryan, J. A., Saffold, N., Scotti, V., Shimizu, Y., Sonzogni, M., Sparvoli, R., Stoessl, A., Tiberio, A., Vannuccini, E., von Doetinchem, P., Wada, T., Xiao, M., Yamatani, M., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, T., Zampa, G., and Zweerink, J.
Subjects: Physics, GAPS, cosmic-ray antinuclei, dark-matter search, Dark matter, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics
Abstract: The General Antiparticle Spectrometer (GAPS) is the first experiment optimized to identify low energy (
Published: 2021

21. The measurements of light high-energy ions in NINA-2 experiment

Author: A. Leonov, M. Cyamukungu, J. Cabrera, P. Leleux, Gh. Grégoire, S. Benck, V. Mikhailov, A. Bakaldin, A. Galper, S. Koldashov, S. Voronov, M. Casolino, M. P. De Pascale, P. Picozza, R. Sparvoli, and M. Ricci
Subjects: Science, Physics, QC1-999, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809
Abstract: The flux of energetic light ions at low altitude is both an important input and output for self-consistent calculations of albedo particles resulting from the interaction of trapped and cosmic ray particles, with the upper atmosphere. In addition, data on the flux of light ions are needed to evaluate radiation damages on space-borne instruments and on space mission crews. In spite of that, sources of data on the flux of energetic ions at LEO are roughly limited to the AP-8 model, CREME/CREME96 codes and the SAMPEX, NOAA/TIROS satellites. The existing and operational European SAC-C/ICARE and PROBA-1/SREM instruments could also be potential sources for proton data at LEO. Although AP-8 and SAMPEX/PSB97 may be publicly accessed through the SPENVIS, they exhibit an order of magnitude difference in low altitude proton fluxes and they do not contain helium fluxes. Therefore, improved light ion radiation models are still needed. In this paper we present a procedure to identify and measure the energy of ions that are not stopped in the NINA-2 instrument. Moreover, problems related to particles that cross the instrument in the opposite direction are addressed and shown to be a possible cause of particle misidentification. Measuring fluxes of low abundance elements like energetic helium ions requires a good characterisation of all possible sources of backgrounds in the detector. Hints to determine the several contributions to the background are presented herein and may be applied to extract an order of magnitude of energetic ions fluxes from existing data sets, while waiting for dedicated high performance instruments.
Published: 2007
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22. Letter to the Editor Energy spectrum of secondary protons above the atmosphere measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2

Author: V. Bidoli, M. Casolino, De Pascale, G. Furano, A. Iannucci, A. Morselli, P. Picozza, R. Sparvoli, A. Bakaldin, A. Galper, S. Koldashov, M. Korotkov, A. Leonov, V. Mikhailov, S. Voronov, M. Boezio, V. Bonvicini, A. Vacchi, G. Zampa, N. Zampa, M. Ambriola, F. Cafagna, M. Circella, C. De Marzo, O. Adriani, P. Papini, P. Spillantini, S. Straulino, E. Vannuccini, M. Ricci, and G. Castellini
Subjects: Science, Physics, QC1-999, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809
Abstract: In this paper we report on the energy spectrum of protons of albedo origin measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2 at different geomagnetic locations, and the behaviour of the proton flux as a function of altitude out of the South Atlantic Anomaly. The instrument NINA was used on board the satellite Resurs-01-N4 between 1998 and 1999, at an altitude of about 830 km. The NINA-2 apparatus, on board the satellite MITA, was put into orbit in July 2000, at an altitude of about 450 km. A detailed understanding of the fluxes of charged particles in near Earth orbit is important to reach an accurate theoretical description of the Earth’s magnetic field, but also as input for the calculation of the back-ground for scientific instruments aboard satellites, like the future AGILE and GLAST g astronomy telescopes.Key words. Magnetospheric physics (energetic particles, trapped; instruments and techniques)
Published: 2002
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23. East-West Proton Flux Anisotropy Observed with the PAMELA Mission

Author: G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, G. Castellini, Mirko Boezio, André Monaco, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, G. Osteria, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. I. Vasilyev, G. C. Barbarino, A. G. Mayorov, A. Lenni, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, A. Bruno, V. V. Malakhov, Nicola Mori, P. Picozza, A. M. Galper, P. Spillantini, S. A. Voronov, O. Adriani, A. N. Kvashnin, W. Menn, E. A. Bogomolov, C. De Santis, M. Simon, A. A. Leonov, Riccardo Munini, N. Marcelli, M. Bongi, Y. T. Yurkin, Matteo Martucci, Roberto Bellotti, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, Alessandro Sotgiu, F. Cafagna, S. V. Koldashov, Marco Ricci, E. Mocchiutti, N. Zampa, V. Bonvicini, Y. I. Stozhkov, G. A. Bazilevskaya, R. Sparvoli, M. Merge, D. Campana, Marco Casolino, Bruno, A., Martucci, M., Cafagna, F. S., Sparvoli, R., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Santis, C. D., Galper, A. M., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Kvashnin, A. N., Lenni, A., Leonov, A. A., Malakhov, V. V., Marcelli, L., Marcelli, N., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Mikhailov, V. V., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sotgiu, A., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Space and Planetary Science, East west, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Proton flux, Anisotropy
Abstract: We present a study of the east-west anisotropy of trapped-proton fluxes in low-Earth orbit based on the measurements of the Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics (PAMELA) experiment. The differential intensities of eastward- and westward-traveling protons detected in the South Atlantic Anomaly region were estimated as a function of equatorial pitch angle and drift shell, for six energy bins between 80 MeV and 2 GeV. We found that, as a consequence of the strong atmospheric gradient coupled with the large gyroradius in this energy range, the intensities of eastward fluxes exceed those of westward fluxes by a factor of ∼10-20. However, the reported directional asymmetry also depends on the sign of the local flux gradient, resulting in more intense westward fluxes beyond the radial distances where the inner belt peaks. PAMELA observations can be used to improve the description of the near-Earth radiation environment at lowest altitudes and highest trapping energies, where current theoretical and empirical models are affected by the largest uncertainties.
Published: 2021

24. Can an impulsive variation of the solar wind plasma pressure trigger a plasma bubble? A case study based on CSES, SWARM and THEMIS data

Author: G. D'Angelo, Jianping Huang, Roberto Battiston, Mirko Piersanti, Zeren Zhima, Chao Xiong, Yuh-Shyong Yang, Simona Zoffoli, Pietro Ubertini, Piero Diego, Alessio Pignalberi, Roberta Tozzi, P. Picozza, Xuhui Shen, R. Sparvoli, Michael Pezzopane, and Y. Rui
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Plasma Bubble, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Aerospace Engineering, Atmospheric-pressure plasma, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, symbols.namesake, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Langmuir probe, Magnetic cloud, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Geomagnetic storm, Settore FIS/01, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Plasma, Geophysics, Ionospherics, Solar wind, Spread F, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, symbols, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Ionosphere, Geology
Abstract: During the August 25, 2018 geomagnetic storm, the new borne CSES-01 satellite and the Swarm A satellite detected a really large equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) in the post-midnight sector over western Africa. We investigated the features of this deep ionospheric plasma depletion using data from the Langmuir probes on-board CSES-01 and Swarm A satellites, and data from the high-precision magnetometer and the electric field detector instruments on-board CSES-01. Using also plasma and magnetic field data from THEMIS-E satellite we found that, during the passage of the magnetic cloud that drove the geomagnetic storm, an impulsive variation lasting about ten minutes characterized the solar wind (SW) pressure. The analysis of the delay time, between the occurrence of such impulsive variation and the detection of the plasma bubble, suggests a possible link between the SW pressure impulsive variation as identified by THEMIS-E and the generation of the EPB as detected by CSES-01 and Swarm A. We put forward the hypothesis that the SW pressure impulsive variation might have triggered an eastward prompt penetrating electric field that propagated from high to equatorial latitudes, overlapping in the nightside region to the zonal westward electric field, causing either a reduction or an inversion, at the base of the EPB triggering.
Published: 2021

25. PRECISE COSMIC RAYS MEASUREMENTS WITH PAMELA

Author: A. Bruno, O. Adriani, G. C. Barbarino, G. A. Bazilevskaya, R. Bellotti, M. Boezio, E. A. Bogomolov, M. Bongi, V. Bonvicini, S. Borisov, S. Bottai, F. Cafagna, D. Campana, R. Carbone, P. Carlson, M. Casolino, G. Castellini, L. Consiglio, M. P. De Pascale, C. De Santis, N. De Simone, V. Di Felice, A. M. Galper, W. Gillard, L. Grishantseva, G. Jerse, A. V. Karelin, M. D. Kheymits, S. V. Koldashov, S. Y. Krutkov, A. N. Kvashnin, A. Leonov, V. Malakhov, L. Marcelli, A. G. Mayorov, W. Menn, V. V. Mikhailov, E. Mocchiutti, A. Monaco, N. Mori, N. Nikonov, G. Osteria, F. Palma, P. Papini, M. Pearce, P. Picozza, C. Pizzolotto, M. Ricci, S. B. Ricciarini, L. Rossetto, R. Sarkar, M. Simon, R. Sparvoli, P. Spillantini, Y. I. Stozhkov, A. Vacchi, E. Vannuccini, G. Vasilyev, S. A. Voronov, Y. T. Yurkin, J. Wu, G. Zampa, N. Zampa, and V. G. Zverev
Subjects: Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract: The PAMELA experiment was launched on board the Resurs-DK1 satellite on June 15th 2006. The apparatus was designed to conduct precision studies of charged cosmic radiation over a wide energy range, from tens of MeV up to several hundred GeV, with unprecedented statistics. In five years of continuous data taking in space, PAMELA accurately measured the energy spectra of cosmic ray antiprotons and positrons, as well as protons, electrons and light nuclei, sometimes providing data in unexplored energetic regions. These important results have shed new light in several astrophysical fields like: an indirect search for Dark Matter, a search for cosmological antimatter (anti-Helium), and the validation of acceleration, transport and secondary production models of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. Some of the most important items of Solar and Magnetospheric physics were also investigated. Here we present the most recent results obtained by the PAMELA experiment.
Published: 2013
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26. Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Carbon and Oxygen Spectra from 10 GeV/n to 2.2 TeV/n with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

Author: Toshio Terasawa, Satoshi Sugita, L. Pacini, Ryuho Kataoka, W. Ishizaki, N. Mori, Y. Uchihori, Alberto Messineo, K. Ebisawa, N. Ospina, H. Fuke, Katsuaki Asano, P. Spillantini, Michael Cherry, Yosui Akaike, Norita Kawanaka, Masaki Mori, R. Sparvoli, Shoji Torii, F. Palma, T. Hams, S. B. Ricciarini, Maria Grazia Bagliesi, Chihiro Kato, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, A. Bruno, T. Sakamoto, Sandro Gonzi, M. H. Israel, T. Tamura, J. E. Suh, Kazunori Kohri, J. Link, Holger Motz, P. Brogi, Masato Takita, O. Adriani, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Kunihito Ioka, Jun Kataoka, P. Maestro, P. S. Marrocchesi, A. A. Moiseev, Jun Nishimura, Y. Katayose, John F. Krizmanic, A. Sulaj, G. Castellini, Henric Krawczynski, G. Bigongiari, Shohei Yanagita, Y. Shimizu, Satoshi Nakahira, Y. Tsunesada, Kenji Yoshida, M. Bongi, T. G. Guzik, Eugenio Berti, A. Yoshida, W. R. Binns, G. Collazuol, Brian Rauch, J. P. Wefel, J. H. Buckley, G. A. de Nolfo, S. Miyake, M. Ichimura, N. Cannady, S. Ozawa, S. Okuno, C. Checchia, John Mitchell, Kazuoki Munakata, A. Shiomi, Yoichi Asaoka, F. Stolzi, K. Hibino, Y. Kawakubo, M. Sasaki, Katsuaki Kasahara, K. Sakai, K. Kobayashi, and J. F. Ormes
Subjects: Physics, Spectral index, Spectrometer, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Electron, Kinetic energy, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Nucleon
Abstract: In this paper, we present the measurement of the energy spectra of carbon and oxygen in cosmic rays based on observations with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) on the International Space Station from October 2015 to October 2019. Analysis, including the detailed assessment of systematic uncertainties, and results are reported. The energy spectra are measured in kinetic energy per nucleon from 10 GeV$/n$ to 2.2 TeV$/n$ with an all-calorimetric instrument with a total thickness corresponding to 1.3 nuclear interaction length. The observed carbon and oxygen fluxes show a spectral index change of $\sim$0.15 around 200 GeV$/n$ established with a significance $>3\sigma$. They have the same energy dependence with a constant C/O flux ratio $0.911\pm 0.006$ above 25 GeV$/n$. The spectral hardening is consistent with that measured by AMS-02, but the absolute normalization of the flux is about 27% lower, though in agreement with observations from previous experiments including the PAMELA spectrometer and the calorimetric balloon-borne experiment CREAM.
Published: 2020

27. Time dependence of the flux of helium nuclei in cosmic rays measured by the pamela experiment between 2006 july and 2009 december

Author: A. N. Kvashnin, M. Simon, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Per Carlson, N. Marcelli, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, O. Adriani, W. Menn, M. D. Ngobeni, F. Cafagna, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, V. Bonvicini, Y. I. Stozhkov, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Andrea Vacchi, P. Spillantini, V. V. Mikhailov, E. Mocchiutti, V. V. Malakhov, M. Bongi, Alfonso Monaco, Alessandro Sotgiu, R. Sparvoli, G. Osteria, A. Bruno, M. Merge, O. P. M. Aslam, Matteo Martucci, S. A. Voronov, Roberto Bellotti, S. V. Koldashov, E. A. Bogomolov, A. M. Galper, Marco Ricci, A. Lenni, D. Campana, G. I. Vasilyev, Marco Casolino, C. De Santis, Alexey Leonov, Y. T. Yurkin, Driaan Bisschoff, Riccardo Munini, Nicola Mori, L. Marcelli, A. G. Mayorov, G. Castellini, M. S. Potgieter, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, P. Picozza, Mirko Boezio, Marcelli, N., Boezio, M., Lenni, A., Menn, W., Munini, R., Aslam, O. P. M., Bisschoff, D., Ngobeni, M. D., Potgieter, M. S., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Santis, C., Galper, A. M., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A. A., Malakhov, V. V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Merg, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Mikhailov, V. V., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sotgiu, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., 10060014 - Potgieter, Marthinus Steenkamp, 13161229 - Ngobeni, Mabedle Donald, and 20056950 - Bisschoff, Driaan
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, chemistry.chemical_element, Flux, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galactic cosmic rays, 01 natural sciences, Galactic cosmic ray, Heliosphere, Cosmic ray detectors, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Helium, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Settore FIS/01, DARK MATTER, Astronomy and Astrophysics, COSMIC RAYS, Charged particle, ANTIPROTONS, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Cosmic ray detector
Abstract: Precise time-dependent measurements of the Z = 2 component in the cosmic radiation provide crucial information about the propagation of charged particles through the heliosphere. The PAMELA experiment, with its long flight duration (2006 June 15-2016 January 23) and the low energy threshold (80 MeV/n) is an ideal detector for cosmic-ray solar modulation studies. In this paper, the helium nuclei spectra measured by the PAMELA instrument from 2006 July to 2009 December over a Carrington rotation time basis are presented. A state-of-the-art three-dimensional model for cosmic-ray propagation inside the heliosphere was used to interpret the time-dependent measured fluxes. Proton-to-helium flux ratio time profiles at various rigidities are also presented in order to study any features that could result from the different masses and local interstellar spectra shapes.
Published: 2020

28. Spectra of solar neutrons with energies of ~10–1000 MeV in the PAMELA experiment in the flare events of 2006–2015

Author: Alfonso Monaco, C. De Santis, R. Sparvoli, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, M. Merge, Yu. T. Yurkin, G. A. Bazilevskaya, A. N. Kvashnin, S. Bottai, V. Di Felice, Per Carlson, M. Bongi, F. Cafagna, G. Castellini, Sergey Koldashov, Alexey Leonov, Matteo Martucci, V. Bonvicini, V. V. Malakhov, Andrea Vacchi, E. A. Bogomolov, N. Zampa, D. Campana, L. Marcelli, M. Simon, Yuri Stozhkov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, O. Adriani, A. Bruno, Marco Casolino, Sergey Koldobskiy, A. V. Karelin, Marco Ricci, W. Menn, M. F. Runtso, G. C. Barbarino, Riccardo Munini, S. A. Voronov, P. Spillantini, P. Papini, Nicola Mori, A. G. Mayorov, E. Vannuccini, S. Y. Krutkov, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, G. Osteria, P. Picozza, G. I. Vasilyev, E. Mocchiutti, V. V. Mikhailov, Mirko Boezio, A. A. Kvashnin, Bogomolov, E. A., Adriani, O., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Barbarino, G. C., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Bongi, M., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Galper, A. M., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Casolino, M., Campana, D., Karelin, A. V., Carlson, P., Castellini, G., Cafagna, F., Kvashnin, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S. A., Krutkov, S. Y., Leonov, A. A., Mayorov, A. G., Malakhov, V. V., Martucci, M., Marcelli, L., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Picozza, P., Pearce, M., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Runtso, M. F., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., and Yurkin, Y. T.
Subjects: Physics Solar flare, Solar neutrons, Space experiments: Neutrons, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), Space experiment, law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Neutron detection, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Settore FIS/01, Physics, Solar flare, Physics::Space Physics, Flare
Abstract: The first results from measuring the spectra of solar neutrons with energies of ~10-1000 MeV in the solar flares of 2006-2015 observed by the PAMELA international space experiment are presented. The PAMELA neutron detector with 3He counters and a moderator with an area of 0.18 m2 allows us to estimate the flux of solar neutrons during solar flares. Solar neutrons with energies of ~10-1000 MeV likely occurred in 21 out of the 24 analyzed flares of 2006-2015. © 2017, Allerton Press, Inc.
Published: 2017

29. Galactic Cosmic Ray Electrons and Positrons over a Decade of Observations in the PAMELA Experiment

Author: M. Bongi, P. Spillantini, M. Simon, Alfonso Monaco, V. Di Felice, E. Mocchiutti, Matteo Martucci, G. A. Bazilevskaya, N. Zampa, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, D. Campana, Yu. I. Stozhkov, O. Adriani, V. Bonvicini, Alexey Leonov, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, V. V. Malakhov, S. V. Koldashov, Marco Ricci, A. V. Karelin, L. Marcelli, Marco Casolino, A. G. Mayorov, M. F. Runtso, Riccardo Munini, S. A. Voronov, Sergey Koldobskiy, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, C. De Santis, A. Bruno, M. Merge, G. C. Barbarino, W. Menn, Yu. T. Yurkin, R. Sparvoli, P. Picozza, G. Osteria, F. Cafagna, P. Papini, E. A. Bogomolov, Mirko Boezio, E. Vannuccini, A. A. Kvashnin, Andrea Vacchi, G. Castellini, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, G. I. Vasilyev, Nicola Mori, A. N. Kvashnin, S. Yu. Krutkov, Mikhailov, V. V., Adriani, O., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Barbarino, G. C., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Bongi, M., Bruno, A., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Galper, A. M., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Casolino, M., Campana, D., Karelin, A. V., Carlson, P., Castellini, G., Cafagna, F., Kvashnin, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S. A., Krutkov, S. Y., Leonov, A. A., Mayorov, A. G., Malakhov, V. V., Martucci, M., Marcelli, L., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Picozza, P., Pearce, M., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Runtso, M. F., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., and Yurkin, Y. T.
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Physics, Settore FIS/01, Earth's orbit, Range (particle radiation), Antiparticle, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Electron, Cosmic-ray particles, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Magnetic spectrometers, Positrons, Positron, Physics::Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Satellite, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The PAMELA magnetic spectrometer was launched onboard the Resurs-DK1 satellite into a near-polar Earth orbit with an altitude of 350-600 km, in order to study fluxes of cosmic ray particles and antiparticles in the wide energy range of ~80 MeV to hundreds of GeV. The results from observations of electron and positron fluxes in 2006-2016 are presented.
Published: 2019

30. The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) on the International Space Station: Results from the First Two Years of Operation

Author: John Krizmanic, Chihiro Kato, M. Ichimura, Y. Tsunesada, Gabriele Bigongiari, Eugenio Berti, A. Yoshida, N. Mori, Y. Uchihori, A. Sulaj, J. E. Suh, Holger Motz, Kazutaka Yamaoka, H. Tomida, T. Hams, S. Bonechi, Satoshi Sugita, Y. Shimizu, Ryuho Kataoka, T. Tamura, S. Miyake, M. Bongi, T. G. Guzik, Y Akaike, Kazuoki Munakata, J. H. Buckley, I. Takahashi, K Hibinov, N. Tateyama, Jun Kataoka, S. Okuno, K. Sakai, John Mitchell, Jun Nishimura, Shoji Torii, Kazunori Kohri, H. Fuke, Paolo Brogi, Masahiro Takayanagi, Toshio Terasawa, Katsuaki Asano, Teimuraz Lomtadze, Henric Krawczynski, A. Shiomi, R. Sparvoli, Y. Katayose, H. Murakami, Kenji Yoshida, K. Mori, L. Pacini, J. F. Ormes, A. V. Penacchioni, M. H. Israel, J. P. Wefel, O. Adriani, Kunihito Ioka, T. Sakamoto, V. Di Felice, S. B. Ricciarini, M. Sasaki, S. Ozawa, Shinji Ueno, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, P. S. Marrocchesi, G. Collazuol, G. A. de Nolfo, K. Ebisawa, A. Bruno, W. Ishizaki, Alberto Messineo, C. Checchia, Michael Cherry, Masaki Mori, G. Castellini, Shohei Yanagita, Satoshi Nakahira, Maria Grazia Bagliesi, Yoichi Asaoka, F. Stolzi, N. Cannady, P. Spillantini, A. A. Moiseev, Brian Rauch, W. R. Binns, Paolo Maestro, K. Kasahara, N. Hasebe, Norita Kawanaka, F. Palma, Y. Kawakubo, V. Pal'shin, and M. Takita
Subjects: Astroparticle physics, Physics, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, QC1-999, Dark matter, Astronomy, Electron, 01 natural sciences, LIGO, law.invention, Telescope, Positron, law, 0103 physical sciences, International Space Station, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) space experiment, which has been developed by Japan in collaboration with Italy and the United States, is a high-energy astroparticle physics mission on the International Space Station (ISS). The primary goals of the CALET mission include investigation of possible nearby sources of high-energy electrons, detailed study of galactic cosmic-ray acceleration and propagation, and search for dark matter signatures. With a long-term observation onboard the ISS, the CALET experiment measures the flux of cosmic-ray electrons (including positrons) up to 20 TeV, gamma-rays to 10 TeV, and nuclei up to 1,000 TeV based on its charge separation capability from Z = 1 to 40. Since the start of science operation in mid-October, 2015, a continuous observation has been maintained without any major interruptions. The number of triggered events over 10 GeV is nearly 20 million per month. By using the data obtained during the first two-years, here we present a summary of the CALET observations: 1) Electron+positron energy spectrum, 2) Nuclei analysis, 3) Gamma-ray observation with a characterization of the on-orbit performance. The search results for the electromagnetic counterparts of LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave events are also discussed.
Published: 2019

31. Cosmic ray electrons and positrons over decade with the PAMELA experiment

Author: P. Spillantini, O. Adriani, W. Menn, F. Cafagna, V. Bonvicini, A. Bruno, S. Yu. Krutkov, Yu. I. Stozhkov, M. Bongi, M. Merge, L. Marcelli, Maria Teresa Ricci, A. Vacchi, V. V. Mikhailov, S. V. Koldashov, P. Carlson, S. O. Kleymenova, Sergey Koldobskiy, Riccardo Munini, G. C. Barbarino, G. A. Bazilevskaya, D. Campana, C. De Santis, André Monaco, Marco Casolino, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, M. Simon, P. Picozza, Yu. T. Yurkin, V. Di Felice, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, N. Zampa, V. V. Malakhov, Mirko Boezio, P. Papini, Alexey Leonov, E. Vannuccini, G. I. Vasiliev, R. Sparvoli, Nicola Mori, Roberto Bellotti, A. N. Kvashnin, Matteo Martucci, A. M. Galper, E. Mocchiutti, A. V. Karelin, S. A. Voronov, G. Castellini, A. G. Mayorova, E. A. Bogomolov, G. Osteria, Mikhailov, V. V., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F. S., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Kleymenova, S. O., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A. A., Malakhov, V. V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorova, A. G., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Papini, P., Panico, B., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasiliev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: Physics, History, Earth's orbit, Antiparticle, Settore FIS/04, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, COSMIC RAYS, Electron, Computer Science Applications, Education, SOLAR MINIMA, Positron, Physics::Space Physics, Satellite, WIDE ENERGY RANGE
Abstract: The PAMELA experiment has measured cosmic ray particles and antiparticles fluxes at Earth orbit from June 2006 till January 2016 onboard the Resurs-DK1 satellite. Measurements were carried out during the solar minimum of 23 solar cycle with negative polarity A < 0 of heliospheric magnetic field till the beginning of 24 cycle with positive polarity A > 0. In this paper, the results of observations of electron and positron fluxes are presented in wide energy range from several hundreds MeVs till several TeVs These measurements provide important information to study cosmic ray sources and propagation in Galaxy and heliosphere.
Published: 2019

32. Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Proton Spectrum from 50 GeV to 10 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

Author: K. Sakai, Y. Tsunesada, Gabriele Bigongiari, Eugenio Berti, A. A. Moiseev, A. Yoshida, Brian Rauch, Y. Katayose, Shinji Ueno, J. P. Wefel, T. G. Guzik, J. H. Buckley, F. Stolzi, K. Mori, Y. Kawakubo, J. F. Ormes, W. R. Binns, Y. Shimizu, Paolo Maestro, Henric Krawczynski, Ryuho Kataoka, M. Bongi, Yoichi Asaoka, N. Cannady, T. Hams, G. Castellini, Shohei Yanagita, Satoshi Nakahira, S. Okuno, Shoji Torii, J. E. Suh, N. Mori, Kenji Yoshida, Holger Motz, K. Hibino, Y. Uchihori, M. Ichimura, Norita Kawanaka, M. H. Israel, G. Collazuol, Maria Grazia Bagliesi, F. Palma, Teimuraz Lomtadze, G. A. de Nolfo, Y. Akaike, K. Ebisawa, L. Pacini, Katsuaki Asano, S. Bonechi, A. V. Penacchioni, O. Adriani, S. B. Ricciarini, Michael Cherry, Kunihito Ioka, R. Sparvoli, T. Tamura, Masaki Mori, K. Kasahara, Manami Sasaki, H. Murakami, T. Sakamoto, P. Papini, N. Hasebe, E. Vannuccini, Kazuoki Munakata, Jun Kataoka, Jun Nishimura, V. Di Felice, Kazunori Kohri, Masahiro Takayanagi, Kazutaka Yamaoka, H. Tomida, A. Bruno, Masato Takita, Chihiro Kato, S. Ozawa, P. Spillantini, W. Ishizaki, Alberto Messineo, C. Checchia, Toshio Terasawa, P. S. Marrocchesi, John Mitchell, John F. Krizmanic, A. Sulaj, I. Takahashi, A. Shiomi, H. Fuke, Paolo Brogi, and S. Miyake
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, CALET, Cosmic ray, Electron, Calorimetry, 01 natural sciences, Power law, International Space Station, law.invention, SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS, ENERGY, COMPONENT, Telescope, Nuclear physics, Cosmic ray measurement, law, 0103 physical sciences, Cosmic Ray Proton Spectrum, 010306 general physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Spectral index, Spectrometer, Settore FIS/04, Space stations, Cosmic Ray Proton Spectrum, CALET Experiment, International Space Station, Spectrum analysis, CALET Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nucleon
Abstract: 著者人数: CALET Collaboration 100名 (所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS): 海老沢, 研; 福家, 英之; 森, 国城; 西村, 純; 高柳, 昌弘; 冨田, 洋; 上野, 史郎), Number of authors: 100 (Affiliation. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS): Ebisawa, Ken; Fuke, Hideyuki; Mori, Kunishiro; Nishimura, Jun; Takayanagi, Masahiro; Tomida, Hiroshi; Ueno, Shiro), 資料番号: SA1190040000
Published: 2019

33. Multiple Coulomb scattering method to reconstruct low-energy gamma–ray direction in the GAMMA-400 space-based gamma–ray telescope

Author: M. D. Kheymits, R. Sparvoli, Yu. T. Yurkin, S. I. Suchkov, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Picozza, Alexey Leonov, V. G. Zverev, A. E. Egorov, E.A. Dzhivelikyan, N. P. Topchiev, O. D. Dalkarov, A. M. Galper, and A. V. Bakaldin
Subjects: Physics, Atmospheric Science, Range (particle radiation), Elliptic orbit, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Settore FIS/04, Gamma ray, Aerospace Engineering, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Curvature, 01 natural sciences, Projection (linear algebra), Computational physics, law.invention, Telescope, Geophysics, Space and Planetary Science, law, 0103 physical sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Angular resolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: The GAMMA-400 currently developing space-based gamma-ray telescope is designed to measure the gamma-ray fluxes in the energy range from ∼20 MeV to several TeV in the highly elliptic orbit (without shadowing the telescope by the Earth) continuously for a long time. The physical characteristics of the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope, especially the angular and energy resolutions (at 100-GeV gamma rays they are ∼0.01° and ∼1%, respectively), allow us to consider this space-based experiment as the next step in the development of extraterrestrial high-energy gamma-ray astronomy. In this paper, a method to improve the reconstruction accuracy of incident angle for low-energy gamma rays in the GAMMA-400 space-based gamma-ray telescope is presented. The special analysis of topology of pair-conversion events in thin layers of converter was performed. Applying the energy dependence of multiple Coulomb scattering for pair components, it is possible to estimate the energies for each particle, and to use these energies as weight in the angle reconstruction procedure. To identify the unique track in each projection the imaginary curvature method is applied. It allows us to obtain significantly better angular resolution in comparison with other methods applied in current space-based experiments. When using this method for 50-MeV gamma rays the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope angular resolution is about 4°.
Published: 2019

34. Secondary positrons and electrons in near-Earth space in the PAMELA experiment

Author: A. G. Mayorov, Alfonso Monaco, S. Y. Krutkov, D. Campana, Alexey Leonov, Matteo Martucci, M. Merge, Marco Casolino, Sergey Koldobskiy, Yu. T. Yurkin, G. C. Barbarino, M. Bongi, N. Zampa, V. Bonvicini, P. Picozza, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, L. Marcelli, Andrea Vacchi, E. Mocchiutti, V. Di Felice, A. Bruno, A. A. Kvashnin, M. F. Runtso, S. A. Voronov, Sergey Koldashov, M. Simon, Mirko Boezio, Riccardo Munini, A. V. Karelin, Yuri Stozhkov, V. V. Malakhov, O. Adriani, W. Menn, G. A. Bazilevskaya, G. Osteria, P. Spillantini, S. Bottai, G. Castellini, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, E. A. Bogomolov, Marco Ricci, A. N. Kvashnin, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, G. I. Vasilyev, Nicola Mori, C. De Santis, V. V. Mikhailov, R. Sparvoli, Per Carlson, F. Cafagna, Mikhailov, V. V., Adriani, O., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Barbarino, G. C., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Bongi, M., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Galper, A. M., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Casolino, M., Campana, D., Karelin, A. V., Carlson, P., Castellini, G., Cafagna, F., Kvashnin, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S. A., Krutkov, S. Y., Leonov, A. A., Mayorov, A. G., Malakhov, V. V., Martucci, M., Marcelli, L., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Picozza, P., Pearce, M., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Runtso, M. F., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., and Yurkin, Y. T.
Subjects: Settore FIS/01, Physics, PAMELA detector, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Physics and Astronomy, Magnetosphere, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Electron, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Atmosphere, Physics and Astronomy (all), symbols.namesake, Atmosphere of Earth, Positron, law, Van Allen radiation belt, Physics::Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, Cosmology, Earth (planet), Earth atmosphere, Orbits, Positrons, Radiation belts Different mechanisms, Electron flux, Magnetic spectrometers, Near-earth spaces, Secondary particles, Trapped particle, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 010306 general physics
Abstract: Fluxes of electrons and positrons with energies above ~100 MeV in the near-Earth space are measured with the PAMELA magnetic spectrometer aboard the Resurs DK-1 satellite launched on June 15, 2006, into a quasipolar orbit with an altitude of 350–600 km and an inclination of 70°. Calculating the trajectories of detected electrons and positrons in the magnetosphere of the Earth allows us to determine their origin and isolate particles produced during interaction between cosmic rays and the residual atmosphere. Spatial distributions of albedo, quasitrapped, and trapped (in the radiation belt) positrons and electrons are presented. The ratio of positron and electron fluxes suggests that the fluxes of trapped particles of the radiation belt and quasitrapped secondary particles have different mechanisms of formation.
Published: 2017

35. Evidence of energy and charge sign dependence of the recovery time for the December 2006 Forbush event measured by the PAMELA experiment

Author: D. Campana, Ian G. Richardson, Sergey Koldashov, Marco Casolino, Yu. T. Yurkin, A. V. Karelin, S. Y. Krutkov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, S. A. Voronov, G. Castellini, Steven Stochaj, V. Di Felice, P. Papini, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, E. Vannuccini, Marco Ricci, Riccardo Munini, M. Bongi, A. G. Mayorov, Alexey Leonov, A. N. Kvashnin, P. Picozza, G. Osteria, Alfonso Monaco, R. Sparvoli, P. Spillantini, G. I. Vasilyev, O. Adriani, W. Menn, James M. Ryan, M. Merge, V. Bonvicini, Mirko Boezio, E. Mocchiutti, M. S. Potgieter, Y. I. Stozhkov, Nicola Mori, V. V. Mikhailov, L. Marcelli, Roberto Bellotti, C. De Santis, P. Carlson, A. M. Galper, A. Bruno, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, E. C. Christian, Matteo Martucci, N. Zampa, G. A. de Nolfo, G. A. Bazilevskaya, F. Cafagna, Andrea Vacchi, S. Bottai, V. V. Malakhov, M. Simon, Munini, R., Boezio, M., Bruno, A., Christian, E. C., Nolfo, G. A. D., Felice, V. D., Martucci, M., Merge, M., Richardson, I. G., Ryan, J. M., Stochaj, S., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Santis, C. D., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Potgieter, M. S.
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, cosmic rays, Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs), Sun: heliosphere, Sun: particle emission, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Physics - Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, cosmic ray, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Settore FIS/04, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Event (particle physics), Sign (mathematics)
Abstract: New results on the short-term galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) intensity variation (Forbish decrease) in 2006 December measured by the PAMELA instrument are presented. Forbush decreases are sudden suppressions of the GCR intensities, which are associated with the passage of interplanetary transients such as shocks and interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). Most of the past measurements of this phenomenon were carried out with groundbased detectors such as neutron monitors or muon telescopes. These techniques allow only the indirect detection of the overall GCR intensity over an integrated energy range. For the first time, thanks to the unique features of the PAMELA magnetic spectrometer, the Forbush decrease, commencing on 2006 December 14 and following a CME at the Sun on 2006 December 13, was studied in a wide rigidity range (0.4-20 GV) and for different species of GCRs detected directly in space. The daily averaged GCR proton intensity was used to investigate the rigidity dependence of the amplitude and the recovery time of the Forbush decrease. Additionally, for the first time, the temporal variations in the helium and electron intensities during a Forbush decrease were studied. Interestingly, the temporal evolutions of the helium and proton intensities during the Forbush decrease were found to be in good agreement, while the low rigidity electrons (
Published: 2018
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36. Search for GeV Gamma-Ray Counterparts of Gravitational Wave Events by CALET

Author: Emanuele Berti, Toshio Terasawa, R. Sparvoli, L. Pacini, J. Kataoka, T. Sakamoto, A. V. Penacchioni, A. M. Messineo, T. G. Guzik, O. Adriani, S. Miyake, Kunihito Ioka, A. A. Moiseev, G. Collazuol, K. Sakai, Satoshi Nakahira, I. Takahashi, S. B. Ricciarini, F. Stolzi, Y. Tsunesada, T. Lomtadze, Gabriele Bigongiari, K. Ebisawa, John Mitchell, W. R. Binns, A. Yoshida, Katsuaki Asano, Yoichi Asaoka, Seiya Ueno, P. Spillantini, J. E. Suh, Norita Kawanaka, Y. Shimizu, Holger Motz, Y. Akaike, P. Papini, J. F. Krizmanic, Michael Cherry, Y. Kawakubo, J. F. Ormes, K. Hibino, Masaki Mori, M. Bongi, S. Yanagita, F. Palma, M. Takayanagi, Ryuho Kataoka, H. Murakami, S. Bonechi, S. Ozawa, E. Vannuccini, Maria Grazia Bagliesi, N. Cannady, A. Shiomi, K. Kasahara, V. Di Felice, N. Hasebe, M. Sasaki, G. A. de Nolfo, K. Mori, C. Checchia, T. Hams, T. Tamura, J. H. Buckley, Masato Takita, J. Nishimura, Paolo Maestro, W. Ishizaki, Chihiro Kato, Shoji Torii, Brian Rauch, Kazunori Kohri, M. Hareyama, M. H. Israel, Kazuoki Munakata, Kenji Yoshida, Y. Katayose, Kazutaka Yamaoka, J. P. Wefel, H. Tomida, Henric Krawczynski, M. Ichimura, G. Castellini, A. Sulaj, N. Tateyama, P. S. Marrocchesi, H. Fuke, Paolo Brogi, S. Okuno, N. Mori, and Y. Uchihori
Subjects: Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Electron, Astrophysics, NEUTRON-STAR MERGERS, 01 natural sciences, gamma rays: general, gravitational waves, methods: observational, Luminosity, GW170817, 0103 physical sciences, GW151226, BURSTS, Sensitivity (control systems), 010306 general physics, SIGNATURES, BLACK-HOLE MERGERS, EMISSION, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, gamma rays: general, gravitational waves, methods: observational, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Settore FIS/04, Gamma ray, Order (ring theory), Astronomy and Astrophysics, LIGO, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: 著者人数: 91名(所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS): 海老沢, 研; 福家, 英之; 森, 国城; 西村, 純; 高柳, 昌弘; 冨田, 洋; 上野, 史郎), Number of authors: 91(Affiliation. Institute of Space and Atronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS): Ebisawa, Ken; Fuke, Hideyuki; Mori, Kunishiro; Nishimura, Jun; Takayanagi, Masahiro; Tomida, Hiroshi; Ueno, Shiro), Accepted: 2018-07-03, 資料番号: SA1180102000
Published: 2018

37. Characteristics and Performance of the CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) Calorimeter for Gamma-Ray Observations

Author: Ryuho Kataoka, J. E. Suh, Holger Motz, Shoji Torii, F. Satoh, Chihiro Kato, Paolo Maestro, R. Sparvoli, S. Ozawa, Y. Uchihori, T. G. Guzik, T. Sakamoto, J. H. Buckley, M. H. Israel, Y. Shimizu, S. Bonechi, M. Tanaka, L. Pacini, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Norita Kawanaka, M. Bongi, P. S. Marrocchesi, H. Tomida, K. Sakai, F. Palma, P. Spillantini, M. Ichimura, H. Fuke, Paolo Brogi, T. Hams, Brian Rauch, Y. Akaike, Teimuraz Lomtadze, Y. Tsunesada, Gabriele Bigongiari, Eugenio Berti, A. Yoshida, Makoto Hareyama, Katsuaki Asano, K. Kasahara, N. Hasebe, S. B. Ricciarini, Henric Krawczynski, A. V. Penacchioni, A. Sulaj, N. Tateyama, O. Adriani, K. Mori, Kunihito Ioka, H. Murakami, P. Papini, G. Castellini, J. F. Ormes, E. Vannuccini, Kazunori Kohri, Shohei Yanagita, J. Nishimura, V. Di Felice, Toshio Terasawa, Y. Katayose, A. A. Moiseev, S. Miyake, M. Sasaki, Yoichi Asaoka, J. P. Wefel, Shinji Ueno, F. Stolzi, Satoshi Nakahira, Masahiro Takayanagi, W. R. Binns, John Mitchell, N. Cannady, K. Hibino, A. Shiomi, S. Okuno, Y. Kawakubo, Maria Grazia Bagliesi, I. Takahashi, K. Ebisawa, Jun Kataoka, A. M. Messineo, J. F. Krizmanic, Michael Cherry, Masaki Mori, G. Collazuol, G. A. de Nolfo, T. Tamura, W. Ishizaki, C. Checchia, Masato Takita, Kazuoki Munakata, Nicola Mori, and Kenji Yoshida
Subjects: Physics, Settore FIS/01, Calorimeter (particle physics), instrumentation: detectors, Gamma ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, FERMI-LAT OBSERVATIONS, Electron, PULSAR, gamma rays: general, gamma-rays: general, FRAMEWORK, 01 natural sciences, methods: data analysis, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Telescope, OPERATIONS, Space and Planetary Science, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: 著者人数: 93名(所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS): 海老沢, 研; 福家, 英之; 森, 国城; 西村, 純; 高柳, 昌弘; 冨田, 洋; 上野, 史郎), Number of authors: 93(Affiliation. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS): Ebisawa, Ken; Fuke, Hideyuki; Mori, Kunishiro; Nishimura, Jun; Takayanagi, Masahiro; Tomida, Hiroshi; Ueno, Shiro), Accepted: 2018-07-26, 資料番号: SA1180103000
Published: 2018

38. Proton Fluxes Measured by the PAMELA Experiment from the Minimum to the Maximum Solar Activity for Solar Cycle 24

Author: Yu. T. Yurkin, V. Di Felice, M. S. Potgieter, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, V. Bonvicini, P. Spillantini, Y. I. Stozhkov, A. N. Kvashnin, Riccardo Munini, L. Marcelli, Andrea Vacchi, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, A. Bruno, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, R. Sparvoli, O. Adriani, A. G. Mayorov, S. Y. Krutkov, V. V. Mikhailov, W. Menn, V. V. Malakhov, M. Simon, Sergey Koldobskiy, A. A. Leonov, M. Bongi, G. C. Barbarino, Marco Ricci, N. Zampa, N. Marcelli, Alfonso Monaco, G. A. Bazilevskaya, P. Picozza, A. V. Karelin, S. A. Voronov, Jan-Louis Raath, Mirko Boezio, M. Merge, Matteo Martucci, S. Bottai, E. Mocchiutti, G. Osteria, F. Cafagna, G. Castellini, Per Carlson, C. De Santis, G. I. Vasilyev, Nicola Mori, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Sergey Koldashov, D. Campana, Marco Casolino, Martucci, M., Munini, R., Boezio, M., Felice, V. D., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Santis, C. D., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Marcelli, N., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Potgieter, M. S., and Raath, J. L.
Subjects: Astroparticle physics, Physics, astroparticle physics, cosmic rays, Sun: heliosphere, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Proton, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Settore FIS/04, astroparticle physic, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Solar cycle 24, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Space Physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, cosmic ray, Intensity (heat transfer), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Precise measurements of the time-dependent intensity of the low-energy (
Published: 2018
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39. Trapped Positrons and Electrons in the Inner Radiation Belt According to Data of the PAMELA Experiment

Author: Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, Sergey Koldashov, Mirko Boezio, Per Carlson, Alfonso Monaco, Massimo Bongi, S. Y. Krutkov, M. F. Runtso, F. Cafagna, Roberto Bellotti, Riccardo Munini, Yu. V. Mikhailova, G. A. Bazilevskaya, A. M. Galper, Yu. T. Yurkin, S. A. Voronov, M. Merge, G. I. Vasilyev, A. G. Mayorov, V. Bonvicini, R. Sparvoli, P. Papini, E. A. Bogomolov, Mark Pearce, D. Campana, A. A. Kvashnin, C. De Santis, O. Adriani, E. Mocchiutti, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, M. Simon, V. Di Felice, Matteo Martucci, G. Zampa, W. Menn, A. Bruno, V. V. Mikhailov, E. Vannuccini, B. Panico, S. Bottai, V. V. Malakhov, G. Osteria, N. Zampa, G. Castellini, Yuri Stozhkov, Nicola Mori, Alexey Leonov, P. Picozza, Marco Casolino, M. Ricci, A. V. Karelin, A. N. Kvashnin, P. Spillantini, S. B. Ricciarini, Mikhailov, V. V., Adriani, O., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Barbarino, G. C., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Bongi, M., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Galper, A. M., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Casolino, M., Campana, D., Karelin, A. V., Carlson, P., Castellini, G., Cafagna, F., Kvashnin, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S. A., Krutkov, S. Y., Leonov, A. A., Mayorov, A. G., Malakhov, V. V., Martucci, M., Marcelli, L., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mikhailova, Y. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Picozza, P., Pearce, M., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Runtso, M. F., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., and Yurkin, Y. T.
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Elliptic orbit, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Magnetosphere, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, symbols.namesake, Atomic and Molecular Physics, 0103 physical sciences, INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, SPECTROMETER, 010306 general physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Physics, Settore FIS/01, Range (particle radiation), Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, DARK MATTER, COSMIC RAYS, Earth's magnetic field, Van Allen radiation belt, Physics::Space Physics, symbols, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Satellite, and Optics
Abstract: Measurements of secondary-electron and secondary-positron fluxes below the geomagnetic cutoff in near-Earth space were performed by means of the PAMELA magnetic spectrometer installed on board the Resurs-DK1 satellite launched on June 15, 2006, in an elliptical orbit of inclination 70A degrees and altitude 350 to 600 km. This spectrometer permits measuring the fluxes of electrons and positrons over a wide energy range, as well as determining their spatial distributions to a precision of about 2A degrees. A calculation of particle trajectories in the geomagnetic field makes it possible to separate electrons and positrons originating from cosmic-ray interactions in the Earth's magnetosphere. The spatial distributions of quasitrapped, trapped, and short-lived albedo positrons and electrons of energy above 70 MeV in the radiation belt were analyzed. The ratio of the electron-to-positron fluxes and the energy spectra of the electrons and positrons in question are indicative of different productionmechanisms for stably trapped and quasitrapped secondary particles.
Published: 2018

40. On-orbit operations and offline data processing of CALET onboard the ISS

Author: N. Mori, Y. Uchihori, F. Stolzi, Y. Shimizu, J. F. Ormes, M. Bongi, S. Ozawa, K. Hibino, A. V. Penacchioni, O. Adriani, Kunihito Ioka, S. Yanagita, Brian Rauch, M. Ichimura, R. Sparvoli, Henric Krawczynski, Y. Katayose, K. Kasahara, N. Hasebe, Seiya Ueno, K. Sakai, T. Sakamoto, P. Spillantini, J. P. Wefel, G. Collazuol, G. A. de Nolfo, Paolo Maestro, M. Takayanagi, Norita Kawanaka, F. Palma, T. G. Guzik, A. Javaid, T. Lomtadze, Y. Tsunesada, Gabriele Bigongiari, A. Yoshida, T. Hams, K. Mori, P. Papini, J. Nishimura, Kenji Yoshida, T. Tamura, Shoji Torii, J. H. Buckley, Holger Motz, Toshio Terasawa, H. Murakami, A. A. Moiseev, Masato Takita, M. H. Israel, S. Bonechi, V. Di Felice, Kazutaka Yamaoka, J. Kataoka, W. R. Binns, Y. Akaike, C. Checchia, M. Hareyama, Kazuoki Munakata, G. Castellini, H. Tomida, N. Tateyama, Satoshi Nakahira, E. Vannuccini, Maria Grazia Bagliesi, W. Ishizaki, K. Ebisawa, T. Yuda, S. Miyake, John Mitchell, J. F. Krizmanic, Michael Cherry, A. Shiomi, Masaki Mori, K. Mizutani, Yoichi Asaoka, M. Sasaki, I. Takahashi, S. B. Ricciarini, A. M. Messineo, H. Fuke, Paolo Brogi, S. Okuno, Katsuaki Asano, Ryuho Kataoka, N. Cannady, Shuichi Kuramata, Chihiro Kato, P. S. Marrocchesi, Y. Kawakubo, and L. Pacini
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, CALET, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Data acquisition, law, 0103 physical sciences, International Space Station, Direct measurement, Geomagnetic latitude, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Settore FIS/01, Calorimeter, Ground support equipment, International space station, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Earth's magnetic field, Cosmic-ray electrons, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: 著者人数: 91名（所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS): 海老沢, 研; 福家, 英之; 森, 國城; 西村, 純; 高柳, 昌弘; 上野, 史郎), Accepted: 2018-02-26, 資料番号: SA1170331000
Published: 2018

41. Time dependence of the helium flux measured by PAMELA

Author: Matteo Martucci, M. Simon, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, Alexey Leonov, D. Campana, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, S. Y. Krutkov, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, A. G. Mayorov, R. Sparvoli, Marco Casolino, A. N. Kvashnin, Riccardo Munini, O. Adriani, E. Mocchiutti, F. Cafagna, W. Menn, Nicola Mori, S. A. Voronov, Yu. T. Yurkin, G. Castellini, Massimo Bongi, E. A. Bogomolov, P. Picozza, G. I. Vasilyev, P. Spillantini, C. De Santis, V. V. Malakhov, Maria Teresa Ricci, S. V. Koldashov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, M. Merge, V. Bonvicini, A. Bruno, Y. I. Stozhkov, André Monaco, A. V. Karelin, G. Osteria, N. Zampa, Mirko Boezio, and G. A. Bazilevskaya
Subjects: Physics, Proton, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Phase (waves), Flux, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Solar cycle, chemistry, QUIET, Physics::Space Physics, Heliosphere, Helium
Abstract: The last solar cycle has presented a peculiarly long quiet phase with consequent minimum modulation conditions for cosmic rays. The proton and electron spectra were measured from July 2006 to December 2009 by PAMELA experiment, providing fundamental information about the transport and modulation of cosmic rays inside the heliosphere. These studies allow to obtain a more complete description of the cosmic radiation. In this picture the time dependence of the helium spectrum become very important to constrain parameters of the actual solar modulation model. The crucial point for this analysis is the selection of a dataset of helium events which ensure high statistics with a very low contamination. In this paper the definition of the selection criteria for helium events with data taken from July 2006 to June 2014 by PAMELA experiment is reported.
Published: 2017

42. Search for a positron anisotropy with PAMELA experiment

Author: Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, A. V. Karelin, E. Vannuccini, D. Campana, P. Spillantini, G. Osteria, Marco Casolino, V. Di Felice, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, Riccardo Munini, N. De Simone, R. Sparvoli, E. Mocchiutti, Alfonso Monaco, Maria Teresa Ricci, F. Cafagna, Matteo Martucci, V. Bonvicini, Nicola Mori, O. Adriani, Y. I. Stozhkov, M. Merge, S. V. Koldashov, Y. T. Yurkin, V. V. Malakhov, S. Y. Krutkov, W. Menn, L. Marcelli, V. V. Mikhailov, A. M. Galper, A. Vacchi, S. Bottai, N. Zampa, M. Simon, G. A. Bazilevskaya, A. G. Mayorov, Valerio Formato, A. Bruno, A. A. Leonov, Valentina Scotti, Roberto Bellotti, M. Bongi, P. Picozza, A. N. Kvashnin, Mirko Boezio, S. A. Voronov, Ritabrata Sarkar, G. I. Vasilyev, E. A. Bogomolov, Per Carlson, Ugo Giaccari, G. Castellini, F. Palma, C. De Santis, and C. De Donato
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Positron, Earth's magnetic field, Pulsar, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Isotropy, Physics::Accelerator Physics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Electron, Anisotropy, General Environmental Science
Abstract: The PAMELA experiment has been collecting data since 2006; its results indicate a rise in the positron fraction with respect to the sum of electrons and positrons in the cosmic-ray (CR) spectrum above 10 GeV. This excess can be due to additional sources, as SNRs or pulsars, which can lead to an anisotropy in the local CR positron, detectable from current experiments. We report on the analysis on spatial distributions of positron events collected by PAMELA, taking into account also the geomagnetic field effects. No significant deviation from the isotropy has been observed.
Published: 2015

43. Force-field parameterization of the galactic cosmic ray spectrum: Validation for Forbush decreases

Author: R. Carbone, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, S. Y. Krutkov, V. Formato, A. V. Karelin, S. A. Voronov, G. A. Kovaltsov, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, E. A. Bogomolov, Laura Rossetto, V. Bonvicini, Yu. T. Yurkin, Y. I. Stozhkov, V. G. Zverev, P. Picozza, G. Osteria, P. Spillantini, Nicola Mori, M. Simon, N. De Simone, E. Mocchiutti, L. Marcelli, Alfonso Monaco, A. Vacchi, V. Di Felice, R. Sparvoli, M. Merge, A. Bruno, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Marco Ricci, G. I. Vasilyev, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, C. De Santis, A. N. Kvashnin, Riccardo Munini, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Per Carlson, V. V. Malakhov, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, Ilya Usoskin, V. V. Mikhailov, C. De Donato, F. Cafagna, Matteo Martucci, Sergey Koldashov, A. G. Mayorov, G. Castellini, Valentina Scotti, Alexey Leonov, F. Palma, Mirko Boezio, D. Campana, Ritabrata Sarkar, Marco Casolino, O. Adriani, S. Bottai, W. Menn, M. Bongi, C. Pizzolotto, G., Usoskin, G. A., Kovaltsov, O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, C., De Donato, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, V., Formato, A. M., Galper, A. V., Karelin, S. V., Koldashov, S. A., Koldobskiy, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, A. A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Mayorov, W., Menn, M., Mergè, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Munini, Riccardo, G., Osteria, F., Palma, B., Panico, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, L., Rossetto, R., Sarkar, V., Scotti, V. M., Simon, Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, P., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, V. G., Zverev, Usoskin, I. G., Kovaltsov, G. A., Adriani, O., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergé, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Rossetto, L., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zverev, V. G.
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Aerospace Engineering, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Cosmic rays, Forbush decrease, Heliosphere, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Geophysics, Energy spectrum, Settore FIS/01, Physics, Spectrum (functional analysis), Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Force field parameterization, Geophysics, Physics::Space Physics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Parametrization
Abstract: A useful parametrization of the energy spectrum of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) near Earth is offered by the so-called force-field model which describes the shape of the entire spectrum with a single parameter, the modulation potential. While the usefulness of the force-field approximation has been confirmed for regular periods of solar modulation, it was not tested explicitly for disturbed periods, when \GCR\ are locally modulated by strong interplanetary transients. Here we use direct measurements of protons and α -particles performed by the \PAMELA\ space-borne instrument during December 2006, including a major Forbush decrease, in order to directly test the validity of the force-field parameterization. We conclude that (1) The force-field parametrization works very well in describing the energy spectra of protons and α -particles directly measured by \PAMELA\ outside the Earths atmosphere; (2) The energy spectrum of \GCR\ can be well parameterized by the force-field model also during a strong Forbush decrease; (3) The estimate of the \GCR\ modulation parameter, obtained using data from the world-wide neutron monitor network, is in good agreement with the spectra directly measured by \PAMELA\ during the studied interval. This result is obtained on the basis of a single event analysis, more events need to be analyzed.
Published: 2015

44. Splash and Re-entrant Albedo Fluxes Measured in the PAMELA Experiment

Author: A. V. Karelin, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, F. Palma, R. Carbone, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, Valerio Formato, A. G. Mayorov, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, M.A. Mayorova, Alfonso Monaco, V. DiFelice, Alexey Leonov, Roberto Bellotti, O. Adriani, V. Bonvicini, Mirko Boezio, C. DeDonato, C. DeSantis, W. Menn, A. M. Galper, N. Zampa, Ritabrata Sarkar, G. Osteria, M. Merge, A. N. Kvashnin, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, M. Simon, Yu. T. Yurkin, Matteo Martucci, N. DeSimone, Nicola Mori, M. Bongi, Marco Ricci, V. V. Malakhov, S. Bottai, A.I. Moiseeva, G. Castellini, Riccardo Munini, G. A. Bazilevskaya, A.A. Kvashnin, C. Pizzolotto, Valentina Scotti, R. Sparvoli, E. Mocchiutti, Yuri Stozhkov, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, A. Bruno, Per Carlson, F. Cafagna, V. V. Mikhailov, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, P. Spillantini, Sergey Koldashov, P. Picozza, V. G. Zverev, D. Campana, Marco Casolino, Mayorov, A. G., Moiseeva, A. I., Adriani, O., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Dedonato, C., Desantis, C., Desimone, N., Difelice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Kvashnin, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorova, M. A., Menn, W., Merge’, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zverev, V. G.
Subjects: Physics, Splash, Calorimeter (particle physics), Spectrometer, Aperture, Settore FIS/04, Detector, Astrophysics, Albedo, Physics and Astronomy(all), splash albedo, Latitude, Physics and Astronomy (all), Earth's magnetic field, PAMELA, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract: This work devoted to the description of the method for splash albedo protons identification in the satellite-born experiment PAMELA. In contrast to the reentrant albedo particles, which enter into the main aperture of the instrument, the direct albedo particles enter from the opposite direction, so they pass a few detectors, including calorimeter, before being register by the magnetic spectrometer. The developed method take into account the influence of these detectors on the selection of events and measurements of their characteristics. To test this method the energy spectrum of reentrant albedo protons in various regions of the near-Earth space reconstructed; it is in a good agreement with the classical measurements in the main aperture. Therefore, this method can be useful to obtain a new physical data about fluxes of splash albedo protons in the PAMELA experiment, which, unlike the reentrant albedo, can be study even at high geomagnetic latitudes.
Published: 2015
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45. Deuteron spectrum measurements under radiation belt with PAMELA instrument

Author: V. G. Zverev, Yu. T. Yurkin, V. Bonvicini, Y. I. Stozhkov, R. Carbone, Sergey Koldobskiy, V. Di Felice, G. C. Barbarino, O. Adriani, W. Menn, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Matteo Martucci, S. A. Voronov, M. Simon, Riccardo Munini, L. Marcelli, P. Papini, Piero Spillantini, E. A. Bogomolov, A. Vacchi, A. Bruno, Laura Rossetto, Alfonso Monaco, V. V. Malakhov, A. G. Mayorov, M. Merge, Per Carlson, G. Castellini, A. A. Kvashnin, S. Y. Krutkov, N. De Simone, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Sergey Koldashov, R. Sparvoli, E. Mocchiutti, Alexey Leonov, P. Picozza, Marco Ricci, S. Bottai, F. Cafagna, C. Pizzolotto, I. A. Danilchenko, Ritabrata Sarkar, D. Campana, V. V. Mikhailov, E. Vannuccini, G. I. Vasilyev, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Marco Casolino, Valerio Formato, G. Osteria, Nicola Mori, C. De Santis, C. De Donato, Valentina Scotti, F. Palma, Mirko Boezio, A. V. Karelin, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, A. N. Kvashnin, Massimo Bongi, Koldobskiy, S. A., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Danilchenko, I. A., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergè, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Rossetto, L., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zverev, V. G.
Subjects: Albedo, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, Cosmic ray, Radiation, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Nuclear physics, symbols.namesake, law, Deuteron, PAMELA experiment, Radiation belt, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Settore FIS/01, Physics, Range (particle radiation), PAMELA detector, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Van Allen radiation belt, symbols, Satellite, Nucleon
Abstract: In this work the results of data analysis of the deuteron albedo radiation obtained in the PAMELA experiment are presented. PAMELA is an international space experiment carried out on board of the satellite Resurs DK-1. The high precision detectors allow to register and identify cosmic ray particles in a wide energy range. The albedo deuteron spectrum in the energy range 70 - 600 MeV/nucleon has been measured. © 2015 Elsevier B.V..
Published: 2016

46. The large-scale anisotropy with the PAMELA calorimeter

Author: Y. T. Yurkin, N. De Simone, Valentina Scotti, P. Spillantini, M. Simon, V. V. Malakhov, S. Bottai, A. V. Karelin, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, V. Di Felice, Riccardo Munini, W. Menn, A. Bruno, Per Carlson, F. Palma, R. Sparvoli, G. Zampa, E. Mocchiutti, Beatrice Panico, G. Osteria, S. Y. Krutkov, M. Merge, D. Campana, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, A. M. Galper, Mirko Boezio, V. Bonvicini, Y. I. Stozhkov, P. Picozza, Maria Teresa Ricci, Roberto Bellotti, Marco Casolino, F. Cafagna, S. V. Koldashov, M. Bongi, A. N. Kvashnin, André Monaco, A. A. Leonov, O. Adriani, R. Carbone, V. V. Mikhailov, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, Matteo Martucci, A. G. Mayorov, C. De Santis, C. De Donato, G. Castellini, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, Nicola Mori, Ritabrata Sarkar, G. I. Vasilyev, and Valerio Formato
Subjects: Physics, Scale (ratio), Calorimeter (particle physics), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Phase (waves), Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Physics::Geophysics, Nuclear physics, Dipole, Amplitude, Equatorial coordinate system, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Anisotropy, General Environmental Science
Abstract: The large-scale anisotropy (or the so-called star-diurnal wave) has been studied using the calorimeter of the space-born experiment PAMELA. The cosmic ray anisotropy has been obtained for the Southern and Northern hemispheres simultaneously in the equatorial coordinate system for the time period 2006–2014. The dipole amplitude and phase have been measured for energies 1–20 TeV n-1.
Published: 2015

47. Measurements of electron and positron fluxes below the geomagnetic cutoff by the PAMELA magnetic spectrometer

Author: Sergey Koldashov, S. Bottai, E. Mocchiutti, G. A. Bazilevskaya, M. Simon, Yu. T. Yurkin, A. Bruno, Y. I. Stozhkov, Paolo Papini, P. Spillantini, G. Castellini, M. Merge, A. N. Kvashnin, Alexey Leonov, F. Cafagna, N. Zampa, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, V. Di Felice, D. Campana, E. Vannuccini, R. Sparvoli, S. Y. Krutkov, Giovanni Bonvicini, V. V. Mikhailov, Marco Casolino, V. V. Malakhov, André Monaco, P. Carlson, P. Picozza, Maria Teresa Ricci, O. Adriani, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, Mirko Boezio, C. De Donato, Matteo Martucci, C. De Santis, A. G. Mayorov, Riccardo Munini, G. I. Vasilyev, Nicola Mori, Yu. V. Mikhailova, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, Massimo Bongi, A. V. Karelin, and G. Osteria
Subjects: Physics, Rigidity (electromagnetism), Earth's magnetic field, Positron, Spectrometer, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Electron, Trapping, Astrophysics, Secondary electrons, South Atlantic Anomaly
Abstract: We present a measurements of electron and positron fluxes below the geomagnetic cutoff rigidity in wide energy range from ~50 MeV to several GeVs by the PAMELA magnetic spectrometer. The instrument was launched on June 15th 2006 on-board the Resurs-DK satellite on low orbit with 70 degrees inclination and altitude between 350 and 600 km. Features of spatial distributions of secondary electrons and positrons in the near Earth space, including the South Atlantic Anomaly, were investigated in terms of lifetime and geographical origin. The separation in stably trapped , long lifetime quasi-trapped, and short lifetime albedo components was performed on base of back tracing procedure in geomagnetic field. A significant difference in relative abundance of positrons with respect to electrons is seen for the stable trapped and the quasi-trapped populations what pointing out on different trapping mechanism of those populations.
Published: 2017

48. Ten years of positron and electron solar modulation measured by the PAMELA experiment

Author: Riccardo Munini, Mirko Boezio, Marius Potgieter, Valeria Di Felice, Oscar Adriani, G. C. Barbarino, G. A. Bazilevskaya, R. Bellotti, E. A. Bogomolov, Massimo Bongi, Giovanni Bonvicini, S. Bottai, A. Bruno, Francesco Cafagna, D. Campana, Marco Casolino, Guido Castellini, C. de Santis, A. M. Galper, A. V. Karelin, S. V. Koldashov, S. Y. Krutkov, A. N. Kvashnin, A. Leonov, V. Malakhov, L. Marcelli, M. Martucci, A.G Mayorov, W. Menn, M. Merge', V. V. Mikhailov, E. Mocchiutti, A. Monaco, N. Mori, G. Osteria, Beatrice Panico, P. Papini, Mark Pearce, P. Picozza, Marco Ricci, Sergio B. Ricciarini, M. Simon, R. Sparvoli, P. Spillantini, Y. I. Stozhkov, A. Vacchi, E. Vannuccini, G. Vasilyev, S. A. Voronov, Y. T. Yurkin, G. Zampa, N. Zampa, M. S. Potgieter, and J. L. Raath
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Positron, Modulation, Electron
Abstract: The satellite-borne PAMELA experiment was launched on the 15th June 2006 from the Baikonur cosmodrome. Till January 2016 PAMELA has detected the charged component of cosmic-rays (CRs) over a wide e ...
Published: 2017

49. Short-term variation in the galactic cosmic ray intensity measured with the PAMELA experiment

Author: Riccardo Munini, Alessandro Bruno, Christian Eric, Georgia A. De Nolfo, Martucci Matteo, Merge Matteo, Ryan James, Stochaj Steve, di Felice Valeria, Boezio Mirko, Potgieter Marius, Valeria Di Felice, Mirko Boezio, Oscar Adriani, G. C. Barbarino, G. A. Bazilevskaya, R. Bellotti, E. A. Bogomolov, Massimo Bongi, Giovanni Bonvicini, S. Bottai, A. Bruno, Francesco Cafagna, D. Campana, Marco Casolino, Guido Castellini, C. De Santis, A. M. Galper, A. V. Karelin, S. V. Koldashov, S. Y. Krutkov, A. N. Kvashnin, A. Leonov, V. Malakhov, L. Marcelli, M. Martucci, A.G Mayorov, W. Menn, Mirko Merge', V. V. Mikhailov, E. Mocchiutti, A. Monaco, N. Mori, G. Osteria, Beatrice Panico, P. Papini, Mark Pearce, P. Picozza, Marco Ricci, Sergio B. Ricciarini, M. Simon, R. Sparvoli, P. Spillantini, Y. I. Stozhkov, A. Vacchi, E. Vannuccini, G. Vasilyev, S. A. Voronov, Y. T. Yurkin, G. Zampa, N. Zampa, M. S. Potgieter, E. C. Christian, I. Richardson, J.M Ryan, and S. Stochaj
Subjects: Physics, Solar wind, Neutron monitor, Amplitude, Physics::Space Physics, Coronal mass ejection, Forbush decrease, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Heliospheric current sheet, Heliosphere
Abstract: New results on the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) short-term intensity variation associated with Forbush decrease and co-rotating interaction regions (CIRs) measured by the PAMELA instrument between November 2006 and March 2007 are presented. Most of the past measurements on Forbush decrease events were carried out with neutron monitor detector. This tecnique allows only indirect detection of the overall GCR intensity over an integrated energy range. For the first time, thanks to the unique features of the PAMELA magnetic spectrometer, the Forbush decrease associated with the December 13th coronal mass ejection (CME) was studied in a wide rigidity range (0.4-20 GV) and for different species of GCRs detected directly in space. Using GCR protons, the amplitude and the recovery time of the Forbush decrease were studied for ten rigidity interval with a temporal resolution of one day. For comparison the helium and the electron intensity over time were also studied. The temporal evolution of the helium and proton intensity was found in good agreement while the electrons show, on average, a faster recovery time. This was interpreted as a charge-sign dependence introduced by drift motion experienced by the low rigidity (
Published: 2017

50. The Front-End and Slow Control boards for the Wide Field of View Cherenkov Telescopes of LHAASO

Author: R. Sparvoli, M. Da Rocha Rolo, Giuseppe Di Sciascio, Angelo Rivetti, S. Vernetto, F. Palma, Carlo Vigorito, P. Vallania, F. Rotondo, G. Masciantonio, G. Dellacasa, Andrea Chiavassa, and P. Cipollone
Subjects: Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Photoelectric effect, law.invention, Telescope, Air shower, Cardinal point, Observatory, law, Wide dynamic range, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: The LHAASO (Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory) experiment is currently under installation at high altitude (4410 m a.s.l., 600 g/cm$^2$) in the Daocheng site, Sichuan province, P.R. China, with the aim of studying with unprecedented sensitivity the spectrum, the composition and the anisotropy of cosmic rays in the energy range between 10$^{12}$ and 10$^{18}$ eV, as well as to act simultaneously as a wide aperture (about 2 sr), continuously operating gamma-ray telescope in the energy range between 10$^{11}$ and 10$^{15}$ eV. One of the main detectors of LHAASO is constituted by an array of 18 wide field of view (16$^{\circ}\times$16$^{\circ}$) Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). Unlike the usual IACTs dedicated mainly to gamma-ray astronomy, these telescopes will be devoted to the study of the energy spectrum and elemental composition of the cosmic rays around the "knee" of the all-particle primary spectrum (at about 3$\cdot$10$^{15}$ eV). The focal plane of these telescopes being made of SiPMs, dedicated Front-End (FE) and Slow Control (SLC) boards must be designed with the needed amplification and bandwidth features to achieve the required wide dynamic range of 10-32,000 photoelectrons. In this paper, the electronic scheme and the components selection of these boards are presented and discussed.
Published: 2017

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