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Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate differences between patients' clinical conditions and health-related life quality (HRLQ)before and after cardiac surgery (CS) while considering age, and to specify variables that affect changes in HRLQ after surgery. Materials and methods: The SF-36 questionnaire was used in this research for two measurements named before surgery and after surgery. Before surgery, it accounted for both the patients' initial diagnostic traits as well as any potential complications. Results: The study included 310 patients, 69% of whom were men, at the baseline examination. 101 patients (33%) who were older than 70 years old made comprised the older group, with a mean age of 66 (SD±10.8) years. After accounting for age, gender, and type of surgery, the main risk factors for possible non-improvement of HRLQ after CS were higher values of the preoperative Physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores. Conclusions: Though their preoperative HRLQ is lower than that of younger patients, older patients with increased operational risk exhibit a similar post-cardiac surgery improvement across most HRLQ areas. Higher preoperative HRLQ status was identified as the main component in the multivariate analysis that might prevent postoperative HRLQ from recovering.

Background Urinary albumin excretion has been associated to cardiovascular events and increased mortality in hypertensive patients. There is limited information among Nepalese patients about the implications of microalbuminuria (MA) in the setting of hypertension and potential cardiovascular morbidity. Objective To investigate the prevalence of microalbuminuria in patients with essential hypertension and its connection with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT). Method The study involved 80 hypertension individuals in total. All patients in the study had basic biochemical tests, routine urine evaluations, echocardiography, and carotid artery intima-media thickness measurements performed, and the data were analyzed. Result The prevalence of microalbuminuria was present in 37.5% cases of essential hypertension. The mean left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was significantly higher in patients with increased microalbuminuria as compared to patient with normal microalbuminuria. In addition, a significant positive correlation between microalbuminuria and left ventricular hypertrophy was also observed. Furthermore, mean carotid artery intima-media thickness was found to be higher in patients with microalbuminuria (p < 0.001), with 76.7% of the patients with microalbuminuria having elevated mean carotid artery intima-media thickness. The carotid artery intima-media thickness had a positive correlation with both microalbuminuria and left ventricular hypertrophy. Conclusion Microalbuminuria assessment in hypertensive patients is an important test for the evaluation of target organ damage. This study shows that microalbuminuria is common in hypertension patients, particularly those with left ventricular hypertrophy. Microalbuminuria was found to be associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and carotid artery intima-media thickness.

A development of an orchestrator that manages multiusers and shared resources is extremely useful for automaton of jobs on the multiple machines. Many companies such as UiPath, Blue Prism, Automation Anywhere, etc. have their own orchestrator, but their orchestration services have some drawbacks (i.e., huge cost of yearly subscription, lack of user defined flexibility in architecture, and third-party security issues). The manuscript contains the design and analysis of orchestrator using open-source programming language and cloud platform (i.e., Python and OpenStack). The main focus of this paper is design and development of the orchestrator with shared resources and distribute environment management system that help to manage the multiuser, multi-machine environment in an efficient way. The overall examination delights that design and development of inhouse orchestrator application using open-source assets is not only useful in terms of colossal expense slicing, but also the development of free and flexible robotic process automation applications.

Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult. and Tylophora indica (Burm. F.) Merrill shoot cultures were treated with different concentrations of yeast extract (YE; 25–200 mg/L) and salicylic acid (SA; 50–200 µM), and their effect on lupeol production was assessed. The maximum dry weight (DW) biomass was recorded when H. indicus shoots were treated with SA (50 µM) and T. indica shoots with YE (200 mg/L). Highest lupeol yield (335.40 ± 0.04 µg/g DW) was obtained in H. indicus shoots after treatment with 50 µM of SA for 3 weeks. Whereas in T. indica, maximum lupeol content (584.26 ± 8.14 µg/g DW) was recorded by giving treatment with 25 μM of SA for 6 weeks.

An experiment on effect of biochar and nitrogen on soil characteristics, growth and yield of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) was conducted at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Paklihawa, Rupandehi, from November 2019 to February 2020. The experiment was laid in Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors: nitrogen and biochar, each factor having four levels (biochar: 0 t/ha, 5 t/ha, 10 t/ha and 15 t/ha and nitrogen: 0 kg/ha, 50 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha), resulting in sixteen treatment combinations. Biochar application was found to be effective in improving soil bulk density, pH, soil organic matter and soil nitrogen and potassium content. Application of nitrogen fertilizer (200 kg/ha) and biochar (15 t/ha) alone, and in combination, showed significantly higher root dry matter (15.83 gm, 16.63 gm and 20.57 gm), biological yield (80 t/ha, 63.75 t/ha, and 95.75) and root yield (26.74 t/ha, 24.06 t/ha and 30.32 t/ha). In comparison to the sole effects of the highest dose of nitrogen fertilizer (200 kg/ha) and the highest dose of biochar (15 t/ha), their combined application showed the increased yield in radish root by 13.38% and 26.01%, respectively, indicating that the combined effect of biochar and nitrogen is more productive for the growth and yield in radish crop as compared to the sole effect of nitrogen and biochar.

Supplementary Table 1. Association of insulin-related factors with the presence of a hyperplastic polyp relative to no polyp

Background: Dysregulated insulin signaling is thought to contribute to cancer risk.Methods: To determine if insulin-related serum factors are associated with colon polyps, 126 asymptomatic men (48–65 years) were recruited at colonoscopy. Blood was collected. Odds ratios were determined using polytomous logistic regression for polyp number and type.Results: Males with serum C-peptide concentration >3.3 ng/mL were 3.8 times more likely to have an adenoma relative to no polyp than those with C-peptide ≤1.8 ng/mL. As C-peptide tertile increased, an individual was 2 times more likely to have an adenoma (P = 0.01) than no polyp. There were no associations between insulin-like growth factor or its binding proteins with polyp number or type. Males with soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) concentration >120.4 pg/mL were 0.25 times less likely to have ≥3 polyps relative to no polyps compared with males with sRAGE ≤94.5 pg/mL. For each increase in sRAGE tertile, a man was 0.5 times less likely to have ≥3 polyps than no polyps (P = 0.03). Compared with males with a serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration ≤104.7 pg/mL, males with a serum VEGF concentration >184.2 pg/mL were 3.4 times more likely to have ≥3 polyps relative to no polyps. As the VEGF tertile increased, a man was 1.9 times more likely to have ≥3 polyps than no polyps (P = 0.049).Conclusions: Serum concentrations of C-peptide, sRAGE, and VEGF may indicate which men could benefit most from colonoscopy.Impact: Identification of biomarkers could reduce medical costs through the elimination of colonoscopies on low-risk individuals. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(9); 1843–51. ©2014 AACR.

Background Patients with diabetes mellitus have a higher prevalence of atherosclerotic heart disease and a higher incidence of myocardial infarction than the general population. Definitive diagnosis and precise assessment of anatomic severity of Coronary Artery Disease requires invasive diagnostic modality like coronary angiography. Objective To study angiographic characteristics and severity involving coronary arteries in patients with acute ST segment elevation Myocardial infarction and to compare the same in diabetics and non-diabetics. Method Among 150 patients with acute coronary syndrome, 75 diabetics and 75 nondiabetics admitted in Manmohan Cardiothoracic vascular and transplant Centre were selected randomly during a period of one year formed the study group. Random Blood Sugar, Fasting Blood Sugar was done in all 150 patients, HbA1c in all diabetics. All subjects with acute ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction were taken up for coronary angiography intended for primary PCI. Result In our study, 35 (46.7%) out of 75 diabetic patients had triple or multi-vessel disease compared to 10 (13.4%) out of 75 non diabetics. Non-diabetic patients had significantly higher single vessel disease (65.3%). There was a statistically significant association of duration of DM with vessels involved. The occurrence of Triple Vessel Disease/Multivessel Disease was significantly higher in the patients with DM duration > 10 years compared to patients with DM duration < 10 years (64.7% vs. 35.3%, P < 0.001), however there was no significant difference in type of vessel involved. Similarly, a significantly higher proportion of Triple vessel disease was observed in patients with poor glycemic control (HbA1c > 8.5%). 72.2% of the patients with HbA1c > 8.5% had Triple vessel disease/Multi vessel disease, whereas patients with good glycemic control (HbA1c < 7.0%) had predominantly Single vessel disease (90.0%), with no occurrence of Triple vessel disease/Multi vessel disease Conclusion Diabetic patients presenting with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction are likely to have triple/multiple vessel disease compared to non-diabetic patients. The occurrence of Triple Vessel Disease/Multivessel Disease was significantly higher in the patients with DM duration > 10 years compared to patients with DM duration

Background: People's adherence to control measures is imperative in the fight against COVID-19. The present study was done to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among residents of Jharkhand and to assist the government in deciding further course of action during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This study was an online cross-sectional survey. The link to the questionnaire was displayed on the official website of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, National Health Mission, Jharkhand, official website of all districts under Jharkhand state administration, Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme and Information & Public Relations department. Participation of residents in the survey was extensively propagated using mass media mainly local television networks, radio channels and newspapers. Results: A total of 4683 responses were received from all districts of Jharkhand. The majority of the participants were young adults (47.5%) and the number of male participants was more than the females (81.4%). The mean correct knowledge score for participants of this study was 10.73+2.2 (maximum attainable score was 14) while the mean practice score for the participants was 4.5+0.69 (maximum attainable score was 5). The knowledge score of the participants was significantly associated with their age, education status and economic class (p

Water governance is a sensitive and contentious issue that requires multi-stakeholder participation and judicious use of technology. The new water law in Afghanistan focuses on the participation of stakeholders in water management, equitable water allocation, task division, and decision-making at the sub-basin, basin, and national levels. This paper looks at a multi-stakeholder partnership approach aligned with technological solutions designed by ICIMOD to facilitate collaboration for the purpose of addressing the key challenges and exploring opportunities for river basin management in Afghanistan. ICIMOD helped to broker a context-specific partnering approach to strengthen collaboration for water resource management by embedding the principles and frameworks of collaborating in cooperation and strategic partnership with the Partnership Brokers Association, which entails a shift from commitments to engage with stakeholders to codesigning and implementing activities based on partnering principles to achieve the goal of water resource management in Afghanistan. The paper highlights and discusses the various cases of the project that offer reflections on the participatory approach adopted and the value addition that each partner, on the basis of their strengths, brings to the partnership. The paper highlights the positive impacts that multi-stakeholder partnerships can have on overcoming the complex challenges faced in strengthening water resource management in Afghanistan.

It is shown that the phenomenon of negative temperature essentially occurs in Bose-Einstein condensate due to the realization of the upper bound energy state utilizing a combination of expulsive harmonic oscillator and optical lattice potentials. We study the existence of quantum droplets at negative temperature and droplet-to-soliton crossover in the binary Bose-Einstein condensate mixture in the presence of bi-periodic optical lattices and expulsive-BOL confinements. Based on the beyond mean field approximation, we employ the extended Gross-Pitäevskii equation and calculate the exact analytical form of wavefunction solutions for BOL, expulsive-BOL confinements. An interesting transition of quantum droplets from positive to negative temperatures and the droplet-to-soliton crossover by modulating the disorder in BOL potential are illustrated. The affirmation of such crossover is performed by exploring the profile of atomic condensate density which smoothly transits from being a flat top density in optical lattice confinement to a bright soliton for BOL trap. Further, we confirm the crossover by exploring the energy per particle and the variation in the root mean square size of the condensate with respect to the potential depth of the BOL trap. Eventually, all of this aid us to construct a phase diagram in a space between the amplitude of BOL potential depth and particle number which reveals the formation of droplet and soliton phases. In expulsive-BOL confinement, it is seen that the impact of the expulsive trap is insignificant on atomic condensate density in the droplet phase and it becomes prominent in the soliton region. Further, the variation of total energy reveals that the amplitude of the expulsive oscillator strengthens the droplet phase and leads to an increase in the negative temperature of the considered system.

Background Patients with diabetes mellitus have a higher prevalence of atherosclerotic heart disease and a higher incidence of myocardial infarction than the general population. Definitive diagnosis and precise assessment of anatomic severity of Coronary Artery Disease requires invasive diagnostic modality like coronary angiography. Objective To study angiographic characteristics and severity involving coronary arteries in patients with acute ST segment elevation Myocardial infarction and to compare the same in diabetics and non-diabetics. Method Among 150 patients with acute coronary syndrome, 75 diabetics and 75 nondiabetics admitted in Manmohan Cardiothoracic vascular and transplant Centre were selected randomly during a period of one year formed the study group. Random Blood Sugar, Fasting Blood Sugar was done in all 150 patients, HbA1c in all diabetics. All subjects with acute ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction were taken up for coronary angiography intended for primary PCI. Result In our study, 35 (46.7%) out of 75 diabetic patients had triple or multi-vessel disease compared to 10 (13.4%) out of 75 non diabetics. Non-diabetic patients had significantly higher single vessel disease (65.3%). There was a statistically significant association of duration of DM with vessels involved. The occurrence of Triple Vessel Disease/Multivessel Disease was significantly higher in the patients with DM duration10 years compared to patients with DM duration10 years (64.7% vs. 35.3%, P0.001), however there was no significant difference in type of vessel involved. Similarly, a significantly higher proportion of Triple vessel disease was observed in patients with poor glycemic control (HbA1c8.5%). 72.2% of the patients with HbA1c8.5% had Triple vessel disease/Multi vessel disease, whereas patients with good glycemic control (HbA1c7.0%) had predominantly Single vessel disease (90.0%), with no occurrence of Triple vessel disease/Multi vessel disease Conclusion Diabetic patients presenting with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction are likely to have triple/multiple vessel disease compared to non-diabetic patients. The occurrence of Triple Vessel Disease/Multivessel Disease was significantly higher in the patients with DM duration10 years compared to patients with DM duration10 years.

PurposeTo evaluate the association between lifetime personal cigarette smoking and young-onset breast cancer (YOBC; diagnosed

In

Background To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on non-COVID urological patient’s management in tertiary care urology centres. Methods This is an observational study in which data of patients visiting the urology department of all the MCGM run tertiary care hospitals were recorded for the duration of 1 April 2020 to 31 July 2020 and were compared to data of pre-COVID-19 period of similar duration. Results There was a decrease of 93.86% in indoor admissions of urology patients during the COVID-19 lockdown. Indoor admissions for stone disease, haematuria, malignancy accounted for 53.65%, 15.85%, 9.75%, respectively. Elective surgeries had the highest percentage decrease followed by emergency and semi-emergency procedures. There was a reduction of more than 80% in patients attending outpatient clinics. Stone disease and its consequences were the main reasons for visiting outdoor clinics (39%). A substantial number of patients presented with flank and abdominal pain (14.8%) and benign enlargement of the prostate (10.23%). Malignancy accounted for a very small number of patients visiting outdoor clinics (1.58%). Conclusions COVID-19 pandemic has a profound impact on patient care and education in Urology. There was more than ninety percent reduction in indoor admissions, operative procedures, and outpatient clinics attendance. Once the pandemic is controlled, there will be a large number of patients seeking consultation and management for urological conditions and we should be prepared for it. Surgical training of urology residents needs to be compensated in near future. Long-term impact on urological patient outcome remains to be defined.

Stock Market prediction is an important topic in finance and economics which has encouraged the interest of researchers over the years to develop better predictive models. The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models have been explored in literature for time series prediction. This paper presents extensive process of building stock indices predictive model using the ARIMA model. Published stock indices data obtained from National Stock Exchange (NSE) are used with stock indices price predictive model developed. At first the stationarity condition of the data series are observed by ACF and PACF plots, then checked using the statistics such as Ljung-Box-Pierce Q-statistic and Dickey-Fuller test statistic. Results obtained revealed that the ARIMA (1,1,2) model has a strong potential for short-term prediction and Adjusted ARIMA gives more accurate forecasting compare to ARIMA.

The present study was aimed to analyze the physicochemical properties of Camelina sativa L. seed oil in order to identify its utilization as a primary feedstock for biofuel production. Efforts were also made to identify and quantify the amount of α- tocopherols in Camelina seed oil and evaluated in vitro antioxidant potential of Camelina sativa seed oil and were compared with α–tocopherol standard. Physicochemical properties such as oil yield content (36.66 %), less acid value (5.39 mg KOH/g) make it a prominent feedstock for biodiesel production. Saponification value (182.66 mg KOH/g) also makes this oil useful in soap and cosmetic industries. To check in vitro antioxidant potential of Camelina seed oil H2O2, DPPH and ABTS were used as free radical inducers. Oil showed remarkable inhibition potential of trapping these free radicals. Tocopherol content was analyzed through HPTLC. Camelina sativa seed oil was found to contain 59.34 mg/100 g of tocopherol content. It is evident from this study that Camelina oil has high antioxidant potential and there is no need to add other antioxidant substances in the products formed by using Camelina sativa seed oil.

Background: The large amount of data emanated from social media platforms need scalable topic modeling in order to get current trends and themes of events discussed on such platforms. Topic modeling play crucial role in many natural language processing applications like sentiment analysis, recommendation systems, event tracking, summarization, etc. Objective: The aim of the proposed work is to adaptively extract the dynamically evolving topics over streaming data, and infer the current trends and get the notion of trend of topics over time. Because of various world level events, many uncorrelated streaming channels tend to start discussion on similar topics. We aim to find the effect of uncorrelated streaming channels on topic modeling when they tend to start discussion on similar topics. Methods: An adaptive framework for dynamic and temporal topic modeling using deep learning has been put forth in this paper. The framework approximates online latent semantic indexing constrained by regularization on streaming data using adaptive learning method. The framework is designed using deep layers of feedforward neural network. Results: This framework supports dynamic and temporal topic modeling. The proposed approach is scalable to large collection of data. We have performed exploratory data analysis and correspondence analysis on real world Twitter dataset. Results state that our approach works well to extract topic topics associated with a given hashtag. Given the query, the approach is able to extract both implicit and explicit topics associated with the terms mentioned in the query. Conclusion: The proposed approach is a suitable solution for performing topic modeling over Big Data. We are approximating the Latent Semantic Indexing model with regularization using deep learning with differentiable ℓ1 regularization, which makes the model work on streaming data adaptively at real-time. The model also supports the extraction of aspects from sentences based on interrelation of topics and thus, supports aspect modeling in aspect-based sentiment analysis.

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of different organic manures on growth, yield, and quality of radish (Raphanus sativus) at Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Rupandehi, Nepal. The experiment was laid in Randomized Complete Block Design single factorial with seven treatments and three replications. The treatments were consisted as farmyard manure (FYM) (30 tha-1), poultry manure (PM) (30 tha-1), FYM(15 tha-1) + PM (15 tha-1), FYM (15 tha-1) + vermin compost (2.5 tha-1) + phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) (10kgha-1), FYM (15 tha-1) + bone meal (5 tha-1) + PSB ( 10 kgha-1), PM (15 tha-1) + vermi compost (2.5 tha-1) + PSB (10 kgha-1), PM (15 tha-1) + bone meal (5 tha-1) + PSB (10 kgha-1). A significant variation was observed among the treatments. The poultry manures combined with bone meal and PSB significantly increased the growth and yield attributes viz., plant height (43.43 cm), number of leaves (20.9), shoot length (44.49 cm), root length (21.68 cm), root diameter (3.77 cm), root weight (211.3 gm plant-1 ), shoot weight (170.9 gm plant-1), biological yield (82.28 gm plant-1), dry root weight (46.89 gm plant-1), dry shoot weight (50.33 gm plant-1), total dry weight (97.22 gm plant-1), root yield (49.31 tha-1), shoot yield (939.87 tha-1) and biological yield (89.19 tha-1) at 70 days after sowing. The vitamin-C in radish root was recorded highest (2.87 mgml-1) with PM. However, the total soluble solid remains unchanged among the treatments. In total, the results suggested that poultry manures combined with bone meal and PSB is suitable to cultivate radish. SAARC J. Agri., 18(2): 101-114 (2020)