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1. Adipose Tissue Macrophages

Author

Röszer, Tamás, Kubiak, Jacek Z., Series Editor, Kloc, Malgorzata, Series Editor, Richter, Dietmar, Series Editor, Tiedge, Henri, Series Editor, and Halasa, Marta, editor

Published
2024
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14. Adipose Tissue Macrophages of the Human Fetus.

Author

Radványi, Ádám, Gyurina, Katalin, Rácz, Emese, Kovács, Ilona, Méhes, Gábor, and Röszer, Tamás

Subjects
ADIPOSE tissues, FETAL tissues, CHILDHOOD obesity, INSULIN resistance, AUTOMATED teller machines
Abstract

Prenatal adipose tissue development affects body composition and growth trajectory in early infancy, therefore it is a key determinant of adiposity in childhood. Childhood overweight and obesity increase the probability of being obese as an adult. After birth and in adulthood, adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) are relevant constituents of the fat depots, and they are necessary for physiological adipose tissue development and fat metabolism. In obesity, however, ATMs may induce chronic inflammation leading to insulin resistance, pancreatic beta cell damage and self-immunity. Despite being relevant regulators of adipose tissue development and functioning, it is unknown whether ATMs are present in the fetal adipose tissue, therefore it is elusive whether they may affect the prenatal establishment of fat depots. Here we studied the distribution of ATMs in the human fetus between gestational weeks 17 and 38 and labeled ATMs in the early postnatal life. We found that CD45+/CD14+/CD68+ ATMs infiltrated the fetal adipose tissue from the 17th week of gestation and remained persistent throughout the second and third trimesters. ATMs were phagocytic in the neonate and expressed interleukin-6, along with other pro-inflammatory gene products. These findings show that ATMs colonize the adipose tissue early in gestation, raising the possibility that intrauterine ATM–adipocyte communication may exist, eventually allowing ATMs to affect prenatal adipose tissue development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. STAT6 mediates the effect of ethanol on neuroinflammatory response in TBI

Author

olde Heuvel, Florian, Holl, Sarah, Chandrasekar, Akila, Li, Zhenghui, Wang, Yibin, Rehman, Rida, Förstner, Philip, Sinske, Daniela, Palmer, Annette, Wiesner, Diana, Ludolph, Albert, Huber-Lang, Markus, Relja, Borna, Wirth, Thomas, Röszer, Tamás, Baumann, Bernd, Boeckers, Tobias, Knöll, Bernd, and Roselli, Francesco

Published
2019
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17. MicroRNA Profile of Mouse Adipocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.

Author

Röszer, Tamás

Subjects
*NON-coding RNA, *ADIPOSE tissues, *GENE expression, *GENE regulatory networks, *EXTRACELLULAR vesicles
Abstract

The post-transcriptional control of gene expression is a complex and evolving field in adipocyte biology, with the premise that the delivery of microRNA (miRNA) species to the obese adipose tissue may facilitate weight loss. Cells shed extracellular vesicles (EVs) that may deliver miRNAs as intercellular messengers. However, we know little about the miRNA profile of EVs secreted by adipocytes during postnatal development. Here, we defined the miRNA cargo of EVs secreted by mouse adipocytes in two distinct phases of development: on postnatal day 6, when adipocytes are lipolytic and thermogenic, and on postnatal day 56, when adipocytes have active lipogenesis. EVs were collected from cell culture supernatants, and their miRNA profile was defined by small RNA sequencing. The most abundant miRNA of mouse adipocyte-derived EVs was mmu-miR-148a-3p. Adipocyte EVs on postnatal day 6 were hallmarked with mmu-miR-98-5p, and some miRNAs were specific to this developmental stage, such as mmu-miR-466i-5p and 12 novel miRNAs. Adipocytes on postnatal day 56 secreted mmu-miR-365-3p, and 16 miRNAs were specific to this developmental stage. The miRNA cargo of adipocyte EVs targeted gene networks of cell proliferation, insulin signaling, interferon response, thermogenesis, and lipogenesis. We provided here a database of miRNAs secreted by developing mouse adipocytes, which may be a tool for further studies on the regulation of gene networks that control mouse adipocyte development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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32. Co-Evolution of Breast Milk Lipid Signaling and Thermogenic Adipose Tissue

Author

Röszer, Tamás and Whitfield, Phil

Subjects
obesity, Pediatric Obesity, Offspring, breastfeeding, beige adipose tissue, Adipose tissue, Physiology, Breast feeding, Review, Breast milk, Biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry, Homeothermy, Animals, Humans, ddc:610, Obesity, Molecular Biology, Fettgewebe, Milk, Human, Lipidstoffwechsel, Lipid metabolism, Thermogenesis, Adipose tissue, Beige, Lipid signaling, Stillen, QR1-502, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, neonate care, Fettsucht, Metabolic control analysis, Heat generation, Female, DDC 610 / Medicine & health, metabolism
Abstract

Breastfeeding is a unique and defining behavior of mammals and has a fundamental role in nourishing offspring by supplying a lipid-rich product that is utilized to generate heat and metabolic fuel. Heat generation from lipids is a feature of newborn mammals and is mediated by the uncoupling of mitochondrial respiration in specific fat depots. Breastfeeding and thermogenic adipose tissue have a shared evolutionary history: both have evolved in the course of homeothermy evolution; breastfeeding mammals are termed “thermolipials”, meaning “animals with warm fat”. Beyond its heat-producing capacity, thermogenic adipose tissue is also necessary for proper lipid metabolism and determines adiposity in offspring. Recent advances have demonstrated that lipid metabolism in infants is orchestrated by breast milk lipid signals, which establish mother-to-child signaling and control metabolic development in the infant. Breastfeeding rates are declining worldwide, and are paralleled by an alarming increase in childhood obesity, which at least in part may have its roots in the impaired metabolic control by breast milk lipid signals., publishedVersion

Published
2021

36. Adipose tissue immunometabolism and apoptotic cell clearance

Author

Röszer, Tamás and Szondy, Zsuzsa

Subjects
QH301-705.5, Adipose tissue macrophages, immunometabolism, Adipose tissue, Inflammation, Apoptosis, Review, macrophage, M2 macrophage, Apoptotic cell clearance, Immune system, DDC 570 / Life sciences, Phagocytosis, ddc:570, medicine, Animals, Humans, Macrophage, Obesity, Biology (General), Efferocytosis, efferocytosis, Chemistry, Macrophages, meta-inflammation, General Medicine, M2 Macrophage, Cell biology, Adipose Tissue, Fettsucht, Phagozytose, medicine.symptom, Signal Transduction
Abstract

The safe removal of apoptotic debris by macrophages—often referred to as efferocytosis—is crucial for maintaining tissue integrity and preventing self-immunity or tissue damaging inflammation. Macrophages clear tissues of hazardous materials from dying cells and ultimately adopt a pro-resolving activation state. However, adipocyte apoptosis is an inflammation-generating process, and the removal of apoptotic adipocytes by so-called adipose tissue macrophages triggers a sequence of events that lead to meta-inflammation and obesity-associated metabolic diseases. Signals that allow apoptotic cells to control macrophage immune functions are complex and involve metabolites released by the apoptotic cells and also metabolites produced by the macrophages during the digestion of apoptotic cell contents. This review provides a concise summary of the adipocyte-derived metabolites that potentially control adipose tissue macrophage immune functions and, hence, may induce or alleviate adipose tissue inflammation., publishedVersion

Published
2021
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41. Breast milk alkylglycerols sustain beige adipocytes through adipose tissue macrophages

Author

Yu, Haidong, primary, Dilbaz, Sedat, additional, Coßmann, Jonas, additional, Hoang, Anh Cuong, additional, Diedrich, Victoria, additional, Herwig, Annika, additional, Harauma, Akiko, additional, Hoshi, Yukino, additional, Moriguchi, Toru, additional, Landgraf, Kathrin, additional, Körner, Antje, additional, Lucas, Christina, additional, Brodesser, Susanne, additional, Balogh, Lajos, additional, Thuróczy, Julianna, additional, Karemore, Gopal, additional, Kuefner, Michael Scott, additional, Park, Edwards A., additional, Rapp, Christine, additional, Travers, Jeffrey Bryant, additional, and Röszer, Tamás, additional

Published
2019
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42. Breast milk alkylglycerols sustain beige adipocytes through adipose tissue macrophages

Author

Yu, Haidong, Dilbaz, Sedat, Coßmann, Jonas, Hoang, Anh Cuong, Diedrich, Victoria, Herwig, Annika, Harauma, Akiko, Hoshi, Yukino, Moriguchi, Toru, Landgraf, Kathrin, Körner, Antje, Lucas, Christina, Brodesser, Susanne, Balogh, Lajos, Thuróczy, Julianna, Karemore, Gopal, Kuefner, Michael Scott, Park, Edwards A, Rapp, Christine, Travers, Jeffrey Bryant, Röszer, Tamás, Yu, Haidong, Dilbaz, Sedat, Coßmann, Jonas, Hoang, Anh Cuong, Diedrich, Victoria, Herwig, Annika, Harauma, Akiko, Hoshi, Yukino, Moriguchi, Toru, Landgraf, Kathrin, Körner, Antje, Lucas, Christina, Brodesser, Susanne, Balogh, Lajos, Thuróczy, Julianna, Karemore, Gopal, Kuefner, Michael Scott, Park, Edwards A, Rapp, Christine, Travers, Jeffrey Bryant, and Röszer, Tamás

Abstract

Prevalence of obesity among infants and children below 5 years of age is rising dramatically, and early childhood obesity is a forerunner of obesity and obesity-associated diseases in adulthood. Childhood obesity is hence one of the most serious public health challenges today. Here, we have identified a mother-to-child lipid signaling that protects from obesity. We have found that breast milk-specific lipid species, so-called alkylglycerol-type (AKG-type) ether lipids, which are absent from infant formula and adult-type diets, maintain beige adipose tissue (BeAT) in the infant and impede the transformation of BeAT into lipid-storing white adipose tissue (WAT). Breast milk AKGs are metabolized by adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) to platelet-activating factor (PAF), which ultimately activates IL-6/STAT3 signaling in adipocytes and triggers BeAT development in the infant. Accordingly, lack of AKG intake in infancy leads to a premature loss of BeAT and increases fat accumulation. AKG signaling is specific for infants and is inactivated in adulthood. However, in obese adipose tissue, ATMs regain their ability to metabolize AKGs, which reduces obesity. In summary, AKGs are specific lipid signals of breast milk that are essential for healthy adipose tissue development.

Published
2019

44. Neuropeptide FF increases M2 activation and self-renewal of adipose tissue macrophages

Author

Waqas, Syed F. Hassnain, primary, Hoang, Anh Cuong, additional, Lin, Ya-Tin, additional, Ampem, Grace, additional, Azegrouz, Hind, additional, Balogh, Lajos, additional, Thuróczy, Julianna, additional, Chen, Jin-Chung, additional, Gerling, Ivan C., additional, Nam, Sorim, additional, Lim, Jong-Seok, additional, Martinez-Ibañez, Juncal, additional, Real, José T., additional, Paschke, Stephan, additional, Quillet, Raphaëlle, additional, Ayachi, Safia, additional, Simonin, Frédéric, additional, Schneider, E. Marion, additional, Brinkman, Jacqueline A., additional, Lamming, Dudley W., additional, Seroogy, Christine M., additional, and Röszer, Tamás, additional

Published
2017
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46. Adipose tissue macrophages in non-rodent mammals: a comparative study

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Research Laboratory of Electronics, Azegrouz, Hind, Ampem, Grace, Bacsadi, Árpád, Balogh, Lajos, Schmidt, Susanne, Thuróczy, Julianna, Röszer, Tamás, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Research Laboratory of Electronics, Azegrouz, Hind, Ampem, Grace, Bacsadi, Árpád, Balogh, Lajos, Schmidt, Susanne, Thuróczy, Julianna, and Röszer, Tamás

Abstract

The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue in rodents and primates contains mesenchymal stem cells and immune cells. SVF cells have complex metabolic, immune and endocrine functions with biomedical impact. However, in other mammals, the amount of data on SVF stem cells is negligible and whether the SVF hosts immune cells is unknown. In this study, we show that the SVF is rich in immune cells, with a dominance of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) in cattle (Bos primigenius taurus), domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus), domestic sheep (Ovis aries), domestic cat (Felis catus) and domestic dog (Canis familiaris). ATMs of these species are granulated lysosome-rich cells with lamellipodial protrusions and express the lysosome markers acid phosphatase 5 (ACP-5) and Mac-3/Lamp-2. Using ACP-5 and Mac-3/Lamp-2 as markers, we additionally detected ATMs in other species, such as the domestic horse (Equus ferus caballus), wild boar (Sus scrofa) and red fox (Vulpes vulpes). Feline and canine ATMs also express the murine macrophage marker F4/80 antigen. In the lean condition, the alternative macrophage activation marker CD206 is expressed by feline and canine ATMs and arginase-1 by feline ATMs. Obesity is associated with interleukin-6 and interferon gamma expression and with overt tyrosine nitration in both feline and canine ATMs. This resembles the obesity-induced phenotype switch of murine and human ATMs. Thus, we show, for the first time, that the presence of ATMs is a general trait of mammals. The interaction between the adipose cells and SVF immune cells might be evolutionarily conserved among mammals., University of Ulm

Published
2016

48. Adipose tissue macrophages develop from bone marrow–independent progenitors in Xenopus laevisand mouse

Author

Hassnain Waqas, Syed F., Noble, Anna, Hoang, Anh C., Ampem, Grace, Popp, Manuela, Strauß, Sarah, Guille, Matthew, and Röszer, Tamás

Abstract

ATMs develop from early myeloid progenitors, allowing monocyte-independent ATM replenishment. ATMs have a metabolic impact in mammals as they contribute to metabolically harmful AT inflammation. The control of the ATM number may have therapeutic potential; however, information on ATM ontogeny is scarce. Whereas it is thought that ATMs develop from circulating monocytes, various tissue-resident M?s are capable of self-renewal and develop from BM-independent progenitors without a monocyte intermediate. Here, we show that amphibian AT contains self-renewing ATMs that populate the AT before the establishment of BM hematopoiesis. XenopusATMs develop from progenitors of aVBI. In the mouse, a significant amount of ATM develops from the yolk sac, the mammalian equivalent of aVBI. In summary, this study provides evidence for a prenatal origin of ATMs and shows that the study of amphibian ATMs can enhance the understanding of the role of the prenatal environment in ATM development.

Published
2017
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