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The article "1955: inventory and examination of dissidences" by Luis Fernández Cifuentes analyzes the anti-Franco dissidences in Spain before 1956. The author examines the genesis of these dissidences and their connection with university youth, the figure of the intellectual teacher, and the reception of existentialism. The text criticizes the lack of information and assessments in the book "Antifranco Dissidence in Spanish Culture" by Fernández Cifuentes, mentioning the absence of mentions of exile and magazines such as Ínsula, Sur, and Cuadernos del Congreso por la Libertad de la Cultura. It also points out the lack of inclusion of figures like Luis Martín-Santos and the relationship between the youth of '56 and Ortega, as well as the lack of references to the aesthetics of "bajorrealismo" and literary awards such as the Café Gijón and the Sésamo for short novels. In general, the lack of thoroughness in the historical analysis of the phenomenon of anti-Franco dissidence is criticized. [Extracted from the article]

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia often treated concomitantly with other cardiac interventions through the Cox–Maze procedure. This highly invasive intervention is still linked to a long-term recurrence rate of approximately 35% in permanent AF patients. The aim of this study is to preoperatively predict long-term AF recurrence post-surgery through the analysis of atrial activity (AA) organization from non-invasive electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings. A dataset comprising ECGs from 53 patients with permanent AF who had undergone Cox–Maze concomitant surgery was analyzed. The AA was extracted from the lead V1 of these recordings and then characterized using novel predictors, such as the mean and standard deviation of the relative wavelet energy ( R W E m and R W E s ) across different scales, and an entropy-based metric that computes the stationary wavelet entropy variability ( S W E n V ). The individual predictors exhibited limited predictive capabilities to anticipate the outcome of the procedure, with the S W E n V yielding a classification accuracy (Acc) of 68.07%. However, the assessment of the R W E s for the seventh scale ( R W E s 7 ), which encompassed frequencies associated with the AA, stood out as the most promising individual predictor, with sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) values of 80.83% and 67.09%, respectively, and an Acc of almost 75%. Diverse multivariate decision tree-based models were constructed for prediction, giving priority to simplicity in the interpretation of the forecasting methodology. In fact, the combination of the S W E n V and R W E s 7 consistently outperformed the individual predictors and excelled in predicting post-surgery outcomes one year after the Cox–Maze procedure, with Se, Sp, and Acc values of approximately 80%, thus surpassing the results of previous studies based on anatomical predictors associated with atrial function or clinical data. These findings emphasize the crucial role of preoperative patient-specific ECG signal analysis in tailoring post-surgical care, enhancing clinical decision making, and improving long-term clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Simple Summary: The use of diets with optimal levels of amino acids in animal production will cause the animal's productive traits to be better, to have less contamination, etc. This work compares two diets: Diet MMM, with an amino acid level according to the current recommendations (M = medium levels of lysine, methionine, and threonine, respectively), and Diet MHL, with higher levels of lysine (H), medium levels of methionine, and lower levels of threonine, which improved protein utilization in a previous experiment. This work analyzes the effects of this novel combination on performance, digestibility, and retention. Finally, it is concluded that this new combination, which reduced the excretion of urea, improves the growth rate, the feed conversion ratio, and the retention of the main nutrients in fast-growing rabbits. The main aim of this work was to evaluate a novel combination of the first limiting amino acids (lysine, methionine, and threonine) in fast-growing rabbits (combination MHL, shown to minimise levels of plasmatic urea nitrogen in previous research, medium level of lysine, high level of methionine, and low level of threonine) and compare it with current recommendations (combination MMM, medium level of all amino acids). A total of 165 weaned rabbits (28 d old) from a paternal line selected for growth rate were used in the growth trial. The effect of the diet on apparent fecal digestibility, as well as the apparent and true ileal digestibility, were studied. Nutrient retention was also determined. Although no differences in digestibility between diets were observed, animals fed with Diet MHL improved the global average daily gain (+2.3 g/d; p = 0.0482) and feed conversion ratio (−0.10; p = 0.0229). Animals fed with Diet MMM reduced the protein-to-energy ratio retained (p = 0.0086). In conclusion, Diet MHL promoted an improvement in growth traits in a paternal line. Consequently, we propose its levels of 6.4, 5.4, and 5.0 g/kg DM of true ileal digestible lysine, methionine, and threonine, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The training system in clinical psychology in Spain is a process that will test the adaptability of trainees to the limit, especially if they do not have adequate supervision and institutional support. Aware of this issue, the present paper aims to normalize the complexity of training as a clinical psychologist in Spain, placing special emphasis on the first steps as a trainee in the Spanish National Health System and on the personal challenges involved. Moreover, it seeks to increase sensitivity and awareness about the importance of establishing measures that enable trainees to survive clinical psychology. Therefore, the state of the art on the topic of self-care within the field of clinical psychology and psychotherapy is discussed from the perspective that better trained specialists will improve the National Health System and mental health care for the most vulnerable people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dissociation is a complex phenomenon which is present in a wide variety of psychiatric disorders and also in the general population. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between childhood and adolescent traumas and development of dissociative phenomena in a nonclinical population, emphasizing the potentially mediating role of rumination, intrusive thoughts and negative affect in a population with no psychiatric pathology in adulthood. The sample was comprised of 337 participants from the general population (58.8% women) with a mean age of 33.10 years (SD: 14.08). They completed the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ), the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS), the White Bear Suppression Scale (WBSI), the Dissociative Experience Scale, 2d ver. Rev. (DES‐II) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS‐21). The results supported the starting hypotheses showing a positive correlation between childhood and adolescent trauma and dissociation, and between childhood and adolescent trauma and rumination, intrusive thoughts and negative affect, and mediation of these variables between childhood and adolescent trauma and dissociative states. The relationship between trauma in early ages and dissociation in adulthood is complex. Although the design used in this study was cross‐sectional, the results are compatible with the starting hypothesis that rumination, intrusive thoughts and negative affect mediate this relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: There were not long-term studies in the literature reviewed on how machine milking parameters (pulsation rate, pulsation ratio and system vacuum) affect milk production, milk composition, animal welfare and udder health throughout the lactation of Murciano-Granadina goats. After previous experiments developed in short term by this research group, the aim of the present experiments was to test during one entire lactation duration the best combination of system vacuum and pulsation parameters using two types of milking parlours, one with low-line pipes and the other with mid-line pipes to obtain optimal values of milking duration, milk yield, animal welfare and udder health. The results confirmed that the optimal parameters to milk Murciano-Granadina goats are different in mid-line milking parlours and in low-line milking parlours. The milking parameters must be correctly programmed to achieve optimal milking efficiency and milk quality values, enhancing the animals' sanitary status and farm profitability. The conclusions of this project have established work guidelines for small ruminants' farmers and technicians to improve milk quantity, milk quality and animal welfare. Recent short-term studies on Murciano-Granadina goats have established that the optimal parameters to set up the milking machines are different according to the milk pipes height. Two groups of 52 fresh goats each were employed in 2 different experiments to confirm during an entire lactation period the best combinations of system vacuum pulsation rate and pulsator ratio in low-line and mid-line milking parlours. The experiment performed in the low-line milking parlour included one group milked with 40 KPa vacuum system level, 90 puls/min pulsation rate and 60/40 pulsation and a second group milked with 38 KPa vacuum system level, 90 puls/min pulsation rate and 60/40 pulsation ratio. The experiment carried out in mid-line included one group milked with 40 KPa vacuum system level, 90 puls/min pulsation rate and 60/40 pulsation ratio and a second group milked with 40 KPa vacuum system level, 120 puls/min pulsation rate and 60/40 pulsation ratio. Variables studied included milking efficiency, milk composition, cortisol, SCC and intramammary infections, teat-end oedema after milking and vacuum dynamics during milking. Considering the results of an entire lactation period, it was confirmed that when milking in mid-line, the combination of 40 KPa system vacuum, 90 cycles/min pulsation rate and 60/40 pulsator ratio showed optimal results of the above-mentioned variables. On the other hand, the use of 40 KPa in a low-line system increased the milk cortisol values (0.34 ± 0.1 vs. 0.44 ± 0.1 ng/mL) without any other advantage. Thus, the recommendation is to use a combination of 38 KPa system vacuum, 90 cycles/min pulsation rate and 60/40 pulsator ratio to enhance animal welfare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgound: In the workup of follicular lymphoma (FL), bone marrow biopsy (BMB) assessment is a key component of FLIPI and FLIPI2, the most widely used outcome scores. During the previous decade, several studies explored the role of FDG‐PET/CT for detecting nodal and extranodal disease, with only one large study comparing both techniques. Methods: The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and the prognostic impact of both procedures in a retrospective cohort of 299 FL patients with both tests performed at diagnosis. In order to avoid a collinearity bias, FLIPI2 was deconstructed in its founding parameters, and the bone marrow involvement (BMI) parameter separately included as: a positive BMB, a positive PET/CT, the combined "PET/CT and BMB positive" or "PET/CT or BMB positive". These variables were also confronted independently with the POD24 in 233 patients treated with intensive regimens. Results: In the total cohort, bone marrow was involved in 124 and 60 patients by BMB and PET/CT, respectively. In terms of overall survival, age > 60 y.o. and the combined "PET/CT or BMB positive" achieved statistical independence as a prognostic factor. In patients treated with an intensive regimen, only the combined "PET/CT or BMB positive" added prognostic value for a shorter overall survival, when confronted with the POD24. Conclusion: Our results show that in FL both BMB and PET/CT should be considered at diagnosis, as their combined assessment provides independent prognostic value in the context of the most widely use clinical scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ideas of reference (IR) – self-attributions about what happens in the social environment are a frequent phenomenon present in a wide variety of people with mental health disorders as well as in the nonclinical population. The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between traumatic childhood experiences, IR and dissociative states in the nonclinical population, emphasizing the potential mediating role of dissociation between traumatic experiences and IR. The sample was comprised of 337 participants from the general population (58.8% women) with a mean age of 33.20 years (SD = 14.08). They filled in the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ), the Dissociative Experiences Scale-II (DES-II) and the Referential thinking Scale (REF). The results supported the original hypotheses and showed that the participants with higher frequency of IR reported more childhood traumatic (χ2 (2) = 64.33, p <.001, f =.39, 1- β =.99) and dissociative experiences (χ2 (2) = 50,414, p <.001, f =.38, 1- β =.99), and that dissociative states (β =.12, p <.05; 95%CI [.07,.19]; c´ =.26, p <.001), specifically absorption (β =.09, p <.05; 95% CI [.03,.15]; c´ =.26, p <.001), mediated between traumatic childhood experiences and referential thinking. It was concluded that the relationship between traumatic experiences and IR is complex and may be mediated by variables such as dissociation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The olive industry involves environmental problems of special relevance, such as the generation of residual brines after the pickling process. Moreover, in the pitting and filling operations of the olives, fatty residues are generated that end up being washed away in the wastewater of these industries. The novelty of this work is based on the extraction of high value-added compounds from residues resulting from the industrialization process of olives, whose content in fatty acids, phenolic compounds and other substances could make them susceptible to being considered as a raw material of interest for the development or enrichment of other foods. The results obtained determined that the physico-chemical and functional characteristics of the oil and the brine, generated as by-products in the olive industry, indicated their potential as raw materials. For this reason, new formulations of the filling of olives (anchovy, red pepper, and lemon flavour) were developed, using the residual oil as a by-product, which showed greater global acceptability by consumers compared to a commercial stuffing made with sodium alginate. In addition, wastewater was used as a brine by-product to pickle three types of vegetables: carrot, cauliflower, and onion. All pickled vegetables showed the highest phenolic content and a higher overall liking, the differences being significant with respect to commercial reference. In conclusion, the results obtained could allow for the conversion of a by-product into a co-product, partially solving an environmental problem, and providing added value to the final product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alginate hydrogels can be used to develop a three-dimensional environment in which various cell types can be grown. Cross-linking the alginate chains using reversible ionic bonds opens up great possibilities for the encapsulation and subsequent release of cells or drugs. However, alginate also has a drawback in that its structure is not very stable in a culture medium with cellular activity. This work explored the stability of alginate microspheres functionalised by grafting specific biomolecules onto their surface to form microgels in which biomimetic microspheres surrounded the cells in the culture, reproducing the natural microenvironment. A study was made of the stability of the microgel in different typical culture media and the formation of polyelectrolyte multilayers containing polylysine and heparin. Multiple myeloma cell proliferation in the culture was tested in a bioreactor under gentle agitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catheter ablation (CA) is a commonly used treatment for persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). Since its medium/long-term success rate remains limited, preoperative prediction of its outcome is gaining clinical interest to optimally select candidates for the procedure. Among predictors based on the surface electrocardiogram, the dominant frequency (DF) and harmonic exponential decay (γ) of the fibrillatory waves (f-waves) have reported promising but clinically insufficient results. Hence, the main goal of this work was to conduct a broader analysis of the f-wave harmonic spectral structure to improve CA outcome prediction through several entropy-based measures computed on different frequency bands. On a database of 151 persistent AF patients under radio-frequency CA and a follow-up of 9 months, the newly introduced parameters discriminated between patients who relapsed to AF and those who maintained SR at about 70%, which was statistically superior to the DF and approximately similar to γ. They also provided complementary information to γ through different combinations in multivariate models based on lineal discriminant analysis and report classification performance improvement of about 5%. These results suggest that the presence of larger harmonics and a proportionally smaller DF peak is associated with a decreased probability of AF recurrence after CA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humans spend the majority of their time indoors, where they are potentially exposed to hazardous pollutants. Within this context, over the past few years, there has been an upsurge of low-cost sensors (LCS) for the measurement of indoor air pollutants, motivated both by recent technological advances and by increased awareness of indoor air quality (IAQ) and its potential negative health impacts. Although not meeting the performance requirements for reference regulatory-equivalent monitoring indoors, LCS can provide informative measurements, offering an opportunity for high-resolution monitoring, emission source identification, exposure mitigation and managing IAQ and energy efficiency, among others. This article discusses the strengths and limitations that LCS offer for applications in the field of IAQ monitoring; it provides an overview of existing sensor technologies and gives recommendations for different indoor applications, considering their performance in the complex indoor environment and discussing future trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We sought to determine, using advanced echocardiography, the prevalence and type of cardiovascular sequelae after COVID19 infection with marked elevation of cardiovascular biomarkers (CVB), and their prognostic implications. All patients admitted from March 1st to May 25th, 2020 to a tertiary referral hospital were included. Those with cardiovascular diseases or dead during admission were excluded. Patients with hs-TnI > 45 ng/L, NT-proBNP>300 pg/mL, and D-dimer >8000 ng/mL were matched with COVID controls (three biomarkers within the normal range) based on intensive care requirements and age, and separately analyzed. From 2025 patients, 80 patients with significantly elevated CVB and 29 controls were finally included. No differences in baseline characteristics were observed among groups, but elevated CVB patients were sicker. Follow-up echocardiograms showed no differences among groups regarding LVEF and only slight differences between groups within the normal range. Hs-TnI patients had lower myocardial work and longitudinal strain. The presence of an abnormal echocardiogram was more frequent in the elevated CVB group compared to controls (23.8 vs 10.3%, P = 0.123) but mainly associated with mild abnormalities in deformation parameters. Management did not change in any case and no major cardiovascular events except deep vein thrombosis occurred after a median follow-up of 7 months. Minimal abnormalities in cardiac structure and function are observed in COVID19 survivors without previous cardiovascular diseases who presented a significant CVB rise at admission, with no impact on patient management or short-term prognosis. These results do not support a routine screening program after discharge in this population. [Display omitted] • Previously healthy COVID19 survivors have a low prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities. • Abnormalities are only borderline and mainly in myocardial deformation parameters. • Male patients, with hsTnI >45 ng/l or admitted to ICU have more abnormal findings. • Abnormalities correlate with excellent prognosis and no change in management. • Our data do not support routine echocardiographic screening of COVID19 survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective evidence-based actions to reduce indoor air pollution must be derived from data obtained using accurate means for assessment of the critical air pollutants and for the identification of their sources. This is of paramount importance to provide robust evidence for establishing effective policies or preventive measures. Nevertheless, designing a reliable sampling plan for assessing concentration of inorganic pollutant in the indoor air requires expertise in conducting rigorous sampling campaigns and proper knowledge on the existing standards and methodologies for assessing concentration of the target substances. Therefore, this review focuses on the relevant information and recommendations that should be considered when designing a sampling plan to collect complementary data on the indoor environment under study, to properly define the criteria for establishing the details for the work and to ensure the quality of the assessments. In particular, comprehensive information on the most commonly used methodologies for the determination of a list of critical inorganic pollutants for indoor air quality monitoring has been compiled. Thus, inorganic gaseous pollutants such as CO2, CO, O3, NO2, NO, NH3, SO2, H2O2, H2S, HNO3 and HNCO are included in the present review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Few years ago we presented an approximation to the state of the question in the area of Teaching Language and Literature (Aguilar, 2016 and Aguilar, 2017), on data related to the 2014-2015 academic year, with the intention of making some of them visible problematic aspects for, from their knowledge and debate, to be able to offer viable alternatives for their resolution and transformation. We emphasize that this debate must take into account the reality of the area of knowledge, its link with the initial training of teachers, and its own concept of specific didactics that, necessarily, must be projected in the research and in the practices that are generated. After five years, in a neoliberal and dehumanizing context of knowledge, in which the public university has undergone a great transformation, the problems evidenced in the DLL area in the 2014-2015 academic year remain unresolved, some have worsened and, in In the 2019-2020 academic year, new problems have appeared. Knowing them is the first condition to be able to transform them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We evaluated the effect of supplementation of a wheat bran (WB) diet with fresh carrots (FC) or wet brewer's grains (WBG) on the growth performance and chemical composition of Tenebrio molitor larvae. Additionally, a digestibility trial was performed to determine the nutritional value of the raw materials used. The control diet was based on WB-only. Two other diets were formulated in which WB was supplemented with FC (FC diet) or with WBG (WBG diet). The experiment was conducted in trays (12 per treatment) and lasted 90 d. Larval weight, feed intake, and excreted feces were controlled in each tray the experiment. The digestibility trial was performed from 48 to 62 d post-hatch. Results showed digestibility coefficients of ashes, crude protein, and gross energy were significantly higher in FC diet compared with the other diets. Consequently, both digestible energy (DE) and digestible protein (DP) contents of FC were also significantly higher than those obtained for WB and WBG diets (on av. +1.12 megajoule [MJ] DE and +9.15 g DP per kg dry matter [DM]; P < 0.003). Mealworms fed FC diet showed significantly higher final weight and average daily gain than those fed the WBG diet (+12.4%), being higher in WBG than in WB diet (+3.5%). Dietary treatment did not affect DM, ashes, ether extract, and crude protein content of mealworms obtained. Some dietary effects on amino acid and fatty acid composition were observed. This study provides novel data and a unique experimental approach to assess the nutritional value of raw materials in mealworms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ambulatory assessment brings together a set of methods that make it possible to evaluate, through mobile devices, and at multiple moments in time, the behavior of people in their natural environment and daily context. It allows a more precise, dynamic, contextual, and ideographic evaluation than the classical approaches, opening new horizons with clear implications for psychological intervention. The main goal of this paper is to provide an introduction to ambulatory assessment. First, a conceptual delimitation is made and the issues to be solved are discussed, as well as their possible benefits. Second, aspects related to the methodology are exposed, addressing the designs, data types, and a general evaluation protocol. Third, some of the main limitations are discussed, and the most relevant applications are presented. Finally, some recommendations for the application of this type of methodology are discussed, and some challenges and future perspectives are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The desert truffle Terfezia claveryi is one of the few mycorrhizal fungi currently in cultivation in semiarid and arid areas. Agroclimatic parameters seem to affect its annual yield, but there is no information on the influence of biotic factors. In this study, fungal diversity was analysed by high‐throughput sequencing of the ITS2 rDNA region from soil and root samples to compare productive and non‐productive mycorrhizal plants in a 4‐years old plantation (Murcia, Spain). The fungal metaprofile was dominated by Ascomycota phylum. Desert truffle productivity was driven by different patterns of fungal species composition in soil (species replacement) and root (species richness differences). Moreover, positive associations for ectomycorrhizal and negative for arbuscular mycorrhizal guilds were found in productive roots, and positive associations for fungal parasite‐plant pathogen guild in non‐productive ones. Soil samples were dominated by pathotroph and saprotroph trophic modes, showing positive associations for Aureobasidium pullulans and Alternaria sp. in productive areas, and positive associations for Fusarium sp. and Mortierella sp. were found in non‐productive soils. Finally, some significant OTUs were identified and associated to ascocarp producing patches, which could serve as predictive and location markers of desert truffle production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale: Palatable food and drugs of abuse activate common neurobiological pathways and numerous studies suggest that fat consumption increases vulnerability to drug abuse. In addition, preclinical reports show that palatable food may relieve craving for drugs, showing that an ad libitum access to a high-fat diet (HFD) can reduce cocaine-induced reinstatement. Objective: The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a limited and intermittent exposure to HFD administered during the extinction and reinstatement processes of a cocaine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). Methods: Male and female mice underwent the 10 mg/kg cocaine CPP. From post-conditioning onwards, animals were divided into four groups: SD (standard diet); HFD-MWF with 2-h access to the HFD on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays; HFD-24h, with 1-h access every day; and HFD-Ext with 1-h access to the HFD before each extinction session. Results: Our results showed that all HFD administrations blocked reinstatement in males, while only the HFD-MWF was able to inhibit reinstatement in females. In addition, HFD-Ext males needed fewer sessions to extinguish the preference, which suggests that administration of fat before being exposed to the environmental cues is effective to extinguish drug-related memories. HFD did not affect Oprμ gene expression but increased CB1r gene expression in the striatum in HFD-Ext males. Conclusions: These results support that palatable food could act as an alternative reward to cocaine, accelerating extinction and blocking reinstatement, these effects being sex specific. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: asymptomatic nodules; cold abscesses; neonatal infection EN asymptomatic nodules cold abscesses neonatal infection 458 460 3 07/11/22 20220501 NES 220501 CASE PRESENTATION An 11-day-old boy presented with a 3-day history of multiple nodules in the inguinal and axillary folds. Therefore, omphalitis could be a predictive sign of MNSCA in healthy newborns with fold nodules. On examination, two firm yellowish nodules with peripheral erythema were noted in the left inguinal fold (Figure 1), along with a similar-appearing nodule above the right axilla (Figure 2). [Extracted from the article]

Founded in 1993 by Richard Knowles, Journal of Transport Geography (JTRG) has become one of the most prestigious scientific journals in transport geography on an international scale. In this article, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the journal's 27 years of existence is carried out. The Scopus database is used to obtain bibliometric data. Next, a statistical analysis is performed with the support of the VOSviewer software. The results allow evaluating the global scope of the journal, the most relevant articles, as well as the most productive authors, countries and institutions. The most developed lines of research, based on the analysis of keywords, show that travel behaviour, urban transport, accessibility and transport planning are priority topics. With this, it is observed how transport geography has gone through a particularly prolific period in the last twenty years that has managed to strengthen ties with other disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The laser performance and crystalline micro-structural properties of near-infrared step-index channel waveguides fabricated inside Neodymium doped YAG laser ceramics by means of three-dimensional sub-picosecond pulse laser direct writing are reported. Fluorescence micro-mapping of the waveguide cross-sections reveals that an essential crystal lattice re-distribution has been induced after short pulse irradiation. Such lattice re-distribution is evidenced at the waveguide core corresponding to the laser written refractive index increased volume. The waveguides core surroundings also present diverse changes including slight lattice disorder and bi-axial strain fields. The step-index waveguide laser performance is compared with previous laser fabricated waveguides with a stress-optic guiding mechanism in absence of laser induced lattice re-distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high-affinity K+ transporter HAK5 from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) is essential for K+ acquisition and plant growth at low micromolar K+ concentrations. Despite its functional relevance in plant nutrition, information about functional domains of HAK5 is scarce. Its activity is enhanced by phosphorylation via the AtCIPK23/AtCBL1-9 complex. Based on the recently published three-dimensionalstructure of the bacterial ortholog KimA from Bacillus subtilis, we have modeled AtHAK5 and, by a mutational approach, identified residues G67, Y70, G71, D72, D201, and E312 as essential for transporter function. According to the structural model, residues D72, D201, and E312 may bind K+, whereas residues G67, Y70, and G71 may shape the selective filter for K+, which resembles that of K+shaker-like channels. In addition, we show that phosphorylation of residue S35 by AtCIPK23 is required for reaching maximal transport activity. Serial deletions of the AtHAK5 C-terminus disclosed the presence of an autoinhibitory domain located between residues 571 and 633 together with an AtCIPK23-dependent activation domain downstream of position 633. Presumably, autoinhibition of AtHAK5 is counteracted by phosphorylation of S35 by AtCIPK23. Our results provide a molecular model for K+ transport and describe CIPK-CBL-mediated regulation of plant HAK transporters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis of socio-spatial inequalities has been an outstanding line of research in the field of social sciences. However, the issue of unequal territorial projection of social policies within cities has received less academic attention. This article analyses, from a comparative perspective, the spatial distribution patterns of the households that received Individualized Economic Benefits (IEBs) in two municipalities of the Valencian Community (Spain): Bétera and Torrent. For this, different techniques of spatial point pattern analysis and Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) are implemented. The results show that IEBs beneficiary households are more concentrated in the most vulnerable urban areas. The social and demographic drivers of these distribution patterns present some differences between municipalities and could exert a greater aggregate influence in the municipality with the largest population size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The backpropagation (BP) algorithm is a gradient-based algorithm used for training a feedforward neural network (FNN). Despite the fact that BP is still used today when FNNs are trained, it has some disadvantages, including the following: (i) it fails when non-differentiable functions are addressed, (ii) it can become trapped in local minima, and (iii) it has slow convergence. In order to solve some of these problems, metaheuristic algorithms have been used to train FNN. Although they have good exploration skills, they are not as good as gradient-based algorithms at exploitation tasks. The main contribution of this article lies in its application of novel memetic approaches based on the Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) and Chaotic Gravitational Search Algorithm (CGSA) algorithms, called respectively Memetic Gravitational Search Algorithm (MGSA) and Memetic Chaotic Gravitational Search Algorithm (MCGSA), to train FNNs in three classical benchmark problems: the XOR problem, the approximation of a continuous function, and classification tasks. The results show that both approaches constitute suitable alternatives for training FNNs, even improving on the performance of other state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms such as ParticleSwarm Optimization (PSO), the Genetic Algorithm (GA), the Adaptive Differential Evolution algorithm with Repaired crossover rate (Rcr-JADE), and the Covariance matrix learning and Bimodal distribution parameter setting Differential Evolution (COBIDE) algorithm. Swarm optimization, the genetic algorithm, the adaptive differential evolution algorithm with repaired crossover rate, and the covariance matrix learning and bimodal distribution parameter setting differential evolution algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protein kinases constitute essential regulatory components in the majority of cellular processes in eukaryotic cells. The C BL- I NTERACTING P ROTEIN K INASE (CIPK) family of plant protein kinases functions in calcium (Ca2+)-related signaling pathways and is therefore involved in the response to a wide variety of signals in plants. By covalently linking phosphate groups to their target proteins, CIPKs regulate the activity of downstream targets, their localization, their stability and their ability to interact with other proteins. In Arabidopsis, the CIPK23 kinase has emerged as a major hub driving root responses to diverse environmental stresses, including drought, salinity and nutrient imbalances, such as potassium, nitrate and iron deficiencies, as well as ammonium, magnesium and non-iron metal toxicities. This review will chiefly report on the prominent roles of CIPK23 in the regulation of plant nutrient transporters and on the underlying molecular mechanisms. We will also discuss the different scenarios explaining how a single promiscuous kinase, such as CIPK23, may convey specific responses to a myriad of signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The success of machine-learning methods is spreading their use to many different fields. This paper analyses one of these methods, the Kernel Logistic Regression (KLR), from the point of view of Random Utility Model (RUM) and proposes the use of the KLR to specify the utilities in RUM, freeing the modeler from the need to postulate a functional relation between the features. A Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted to empirically compare KLR with the Multinomial Logit (MNL) method, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and the Random Forests (RF). We have shown that, using simulated data, KLR is the only method that achieves maximum accuracy and leads to an unbiased willingness-to-pay estimator for non-linear phenomena. In a real travel mode choice problem, RF achieved the highest predictive accuracy, followed by KLR. However, KLR allows for the calculation of indicators such as the value of time, which is of great importance in the context of transportation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dark web, often linked with illegal activities, can be monitored with different solutions. However, these tools are typically purpose-specific and designed for unique use cases. In this study, we propose a flexible and scalable framework that facilitates the easy integration of new workflows for dark web analysis. The design is based on the control, logic and operations layers, supplemented by a tools module, logs management, asynchronous message-based communication and a database. The implementation maps the features into a microservice approach, utilizing the open-source technologies Docker Swarm, Kafka, ELK Stack (Elastic Search, Logstash and Kibana), and PostgreSQL. A workflow to scrape web elements of Tor onion services is deployed and validated, demonstrating considerable framework performance despite the time-consuming task of navigating the dark web. Over 16 h, the framework collected over half million onion domains (84,371 unique ones) and made 78,555 accesses to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The density-peak clustering algorithm, which we refer to as DPC, is a novel and efficient density-based clustering approach. The method has the advantage of allowing non-convex clusters, and clusters of variable size and density, to be grouped together, but it also has some limitations, such as the visual location of centers and the parameter tuning. This paper describes an optimization-based methodology for automatic parameter/center selection applicable both to the DPC and to other algorithms derived from it. The objective function is an internal/external cluster validity index, and the decisions are the parameterization of the algorithm and the choice of centers. The internal validation measures lead to an automatic parameter-tuning process, and the external validation measures lead to the so-called optimal rules, which are a tool to bound the performance of a given algorithm from above on the set of parameterizations. A numerical experiment with real data was performed for the DPC and for the fuzzy weighted k-nearest neighbor (FKNN-DPC) which validates the automatic parameter-tuning methodology and demonstrates its efficiency compared to the state of the art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of the Working-class houses in Spain was taking shape during decades due to different socio-economical causes. The promulgation of the 1st 'Casas Baratas' Act in 1911 was the first response of the State as an awareness of this serious social problem, but in the meanwhile, different solutions for the Workingclass dwelling were proposed by a variety of agents (private companies, building societies, public administration, etc.). This paper collects some significant projects in the area of Cartagena and contrasts their graphic proposals, from the simplest works to the outstanding solution provided by the project of the first Spanish competition of social housing in the twentieth century, approaching the construction of two Working-class quarters in Cartagena. Finally, some most common aspects and features of this kind of representation for housing production are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the reliability and accuracy of the relationships between migration and employment status when estimated using a linked data set. The analysis will be carried out using a new source, the Labour and Geographical Mobility Statistics, which is provided by the Spanish Statistical Office. This statistic is constructed by an exact matching procedure, linking the Labour Force Survey with the Official Population Register. The findings reveal that in order to accurately study geographic labour mobility, timing and geographical coherence between the two data sets must exist. If this is not the case, causality relations between the labour market and geographical mobility cannot be properly analysed. Although our analysis refers to the microdata quality and internal coherence of this new Spanish statistic, our conclusion can be extended to any linked data set for studying geographic labour mobility, including the population censuses mainly based on administrative data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predicted increases in atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) coupled with increased temperatures and drought are expected to strongly influence the development of most of the plant species in the world, especially in areas with high risk of desertification like the Mediterranean basin. Helianthemum almeriense is an ecologically important Mediterranean shrub with an added interest because it serves as the host for the Terfezia claveryi mycorrhizal fungus, which is a desert truffle with increasingly commercial interest. Although both plant and fungi are known to be well adapted to dry conditions, it is still uncertain how the increase in atmospheric CO2 will influence them. In this article we have addressed the physiological responses of H. almeriense × T. claveryi mycorrhizal plants to increases in atmospheric CO2 coupled with drought and high vapor pressure deficit. This work reports one of the few estimations of mesophyll conductance in a drought deciduous Mediterranean shrub and evaluates its role in photosynthesis limitation. High atmospheric CO2 concentrations help desert truffle mycorrhizal plants to cope with the adverse effects of progressive drought during Mediterranean springs by improving carbon net assimilation, intrinsic water use efficiency and dispersal of the species through increased flowering events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mycobacterium caprae, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, causes tuberculosis in humans and animals, but the incidence in humans is very low worldwide. Direct contact with animals and with unpasteurized dairy products is the most frequent source of contagion. Cutaneous tuberculosis supposes a diagnostic challenge due to its variety of clinical manifestations and the difficulty in demonstrating resistant acid‐alcohol bacilli in histological samples. In cases of high suspicion, the initiation of antituberculosis treatment should be considered empirically. Combined therapeutic regimens are necessary to prevent long‐term resistance and complications, although the duration of treatment has not been fully established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The entry into force in July 2005 of the gay marriage legislation and the possibility of adoption by a gay marriage, meant the consolidation of Spain as a great European destination for the LGBT tourism segment (Lesbians, Gays, Transsexuals and Bisexuals). Thus, places like Barcelona, Sitges, Chueca, Maspalomas, playa de El Inglés, Benidorm, Torremolinos or Ibiza, have become one of the destinations most highly valued by LGBT tourists, contributing in the overtourism processes that are taking place in these destinations. This article analyzes the main LGBT destinations in Spain, indicating those emerging destinations for this type of tourist and making special mention of the particular relationship between LGBT tourism and the island of Mallorca, which has been analyzed qualitatively following semi-structured interviews. The results relate the need for a complete job in relation to the promotion and development of LGBT tourism, overcoming a purely economic vision of it that is promoted in the normalization of sexual and gender diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high-affinity K+ transporter HAK5 is the major contributor to root K+ uptake from dilute solutions in K+-starved Arabidopsis plants. Its functionality is tightly regulated and its activity is enhanced under K+ starvation by the transcriptional induction of the AtHAK5 gene, and by the activation of the transporter via the AtCBL1–AtCIPK23 complex. In the present study, the 26 members of the Arabidopsis CIPK protein kinase family were screened in yeast for their capacity to activate HAK5-mediated K+ uptake. Among them, AtCIPK1 was the most efficient activator of AtHAK5. In addition, AtCIPK9, previously reported to participate in K+ homeostasis, also activated the transporter. In roots, the genes encoding AtCIPK1 and AtCIPK9 were induced by K+ deprivation and atcipk1 and atcipk9 Arabidopsis KO mutants showed a reduced AtHAK5-mediated Rb+ uptake. Activation of AtHAK5 by AtCIPK1 did not occur under hyperosmotic stress conditions, where AtCIPK1 function has been shown to be required to maintain plant growth. Taken together, our data contribute to the identification of the complex regulatory networks that control the high-affinity K+ transporter AtHAK5 and root K+ uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we analyse the Soca Chapel in Canelones (Uruguay), which was built in 1960. This was the first religious building designed by Antonio Bonet Castellana (1913-89) and the only one he completed. Using data stored in the architect's archive, we have re-drawn the entire work, reconstructing the chapel's ritual path and including as active elements both the adjoining pavilion and the outer walls to create new graphical documentation that provides previously unpublished information. We also discuss another chapel that appears in the Soca files held in the architect's archive. The analysis presented in this paper will provide additional data for anyone interested in better understanding this architectural work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To review the available scientific literature about the effects of nutritional status on the multiple sclerosis disease. Methods: A systematic review of the scientific literature in the Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases through November 2016. Search equation: ("Multiple Sclerosis"[Mesh] OR "Multiple Sclerosis"[Title/Abstract] OR "Disseminated Sclerosis"[Title/Abstract] OR "Multiple Sclerosis Acute Fulminating"[Title/Abstract]) AND ("Nutritional Status"[Mesh] OR "Nutritional Status"[Title/Abstract] OR "Nutrition Status"[Title/Abstract]). The quality of the selected articles was discussed using the STROBE questionnaire. The search was completed through experts inquiry and additional review of the bibliographic references included in the selected papers. The concordance between authors (Kappa index) had to be higher than 80% for inclusion in this review. Results: Of the 160 references recovered, after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 29 articles were selected for review. Concordance between evaluators was 100.00%. The most studies established vitamin D levels. Others focused their research on finding out which nutrient deficits might be related to the multiple sclerosis development. Conclusions: Vitamin D may influence multiple sclerosis improvement. Sunlight and physical activity would be important factors, with nutritional status, in the course of this disease. It is necessary to produce new specific works that will delve into the subject to find out more about the relationship between nutritional status and multiple sclerosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The right parietal cortex has been widely associated with a spatial orienting network. Its damage frequently produces the Neglect syndrome consisting in deficits in spatial attention to the left hemifield. Neglect has also been related to temporal deficits (such as the estimation of the duration of a stimulus or the discrimination of two stimuli that occur at the same spatial location but at different time intervals). Such attentional deficits have been much less studied in the temporal as compared to the spatial domain. The current research focused on the study of temporal attention processes in patients with Neglect syndrome, specifically, on temporal preparation. We recruited 10 patients with Neglect syndrome, 10 patients without Neglect syndrome, as well as 11 healthy individuals. Each participant completed an experimental task which measures three main temporal preparation effects described in the literature: Temporal orienting and Foreperiod effects (both related to control mechanisms and prefrontal areas) and Sequential effects (automatic in nature and related to parietal and subcortical structures). The results showed a deficit in the sequential effects only in those patients who suffered from Neglect syndrome. The results suggest a causal relation between Neglect syndrome and the automatic mechanisms of temporal preparation. Since our sample of Neglect patients had suffered lesions mainly in the parietal cortex, the results are discussed taking into account the role of the parietal lobe in the processing of time and the models explaining sequential effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on reading habits indicate that, from the second of the ESO, there is a drop in reading. The reason is that from the educational system a literary education has not been achieved that encourages them, from pleasure, to continue reading. A part of this same student will be the one that will later become a student of the Master-a degree. The need for a DLIJ that attends to the evidence provided by the investigation is very important to know the state of the matter and to be able to move forward, that is, we must attend to the results of the investigations that in the last fourteen years indicate us, in the context of the Spanish university, which when they enter the University are not expert readers. Equally important is to implement a children's and juvenile literature that includes those theories and practices that produce transformation in the student body, favoring literary education in their training as teachers. The children's and juvenile literatura subject can become the literary identity transformation lever of the student body, built, as Duszynski (2016) points out from his own reading and reading history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work focuses on the analysis of nuclear reactions that can occur in a cyclotron for the generation of radionuclides compliant with the restrictions necessary for medical use in a PET. These radionuclides ought to meet some features, such as being positron emitters and having a half-life as short as possible, considering the times of processing and administration of the radiopharmaceutical. The radionuclides studied, 61Cu, 64Cu and 68Ga, meet these conditions. A commercial cyclotron has been modelled with an energy of 18 MeV for protons. Several simulations have been carried out with the model, using different materials as a target. The model validation has been done comparing results with experimental data from the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the founding members of CHERNE gradually retire, the memory of the early steps of the network should not be lost. CHERNE ('Cooperation for Higher Education on Radiological and Nuclear Engineering') is the product of a specific Erasmus activity possible in the early 2000s: the intensive programmes (IP). The first step was a collaboration of three partners (Czech Technical University CTU, Institut Supérieur Industriel de Bruxelles ISIB, Universitat Politècnica de València UPV) organising in 2002 the 3-year IP 'PAN: Practical Approach to Nuclear techniques', soon integrating two other partners (Aachen University of Applied Science AcUAS, XIOS Hogeschool Limburg). A second IP 'SPERANSA: Stimulating Practical Expertise in RAdiation and Nuclear SAfety' was first organised without Erasmus support in 2005. A workshop was held in 2005 at UPV, including colleagues from other universities. Its main goal was to put in contact professors and researchers from European Institutions in order to share experiences in education and research in Radiation Protection and Nuclear Engineering. The creation of an informal group of universities to develop activities for the benefit of students was discussed. With the addition of Università degli Studi di Bologna (UniBo) to the initial group, the CHERNE network was created. It attracted rapidly more members (6 adhesions in 2006). CHERNE was conceived as a non-formal wide-scope open network, easily integrating new members, offering affordable activities to the students and mostly relying on Erasmus subsidies. The main goal was still the organisation of Erasmus IP's based on practical activities, benefitting of the access to big experimental facilities offered by several partners, like reactors, accelerators, or a radiochemical laboratory. SPERANSA was organised from 2006 to 2008, 'JUNCSS: JÜlich Nuclear Chemistry Summer School' from 2007 to 2011 and 'RAPIX-NOCOS: Radiation protection in non-conventional sectors' in 2007 and 2008 without Erasmus support. The annual workshops triggered exchanges between partners and attracted more institutions. The first workshops saw intense discussions about the network organisation and the types of activities that could be organised. A kind of maturity was reached from 2008. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The segmentation of multivariate temporal series has been studied in a wide range of applications. This study investigates a challenging segmentation problem on traffic engineering, namely, identification of time-of-day breakpoints for pre-fixed traffic signal timing plans. A large number of urban centres have traffic control strategies based on time-of-day intervals. We propose a bilevel optimization model to address simultaneously the segmentation problems and the traffic control problems over these time intervals. Efficient memetic algorithms have been developed for the bilevel model based on the hybridization of the particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithms or simulated annealing with the Nelder–Mead method. Numerically the effectiveness of the algorithms using real and synthetic data sets is demonstrated. We address the problem of automatically estimating the number of time-of-day segments that can be reliably discovered. We adapt the Bayesian Information Criterion, the PETE algorithm and a novel oriented-problem approach. The experiments show that this last method gives interpretable results about the number of reliably necessary segments from the traffic-engineering perspective. The experimental results show that the proposed methodology provides an automatic method to determine the time-of-day segments and timing plans simultaneously. • A bilevel model for simultaneously determining TODs and traffic signal optimization. • Memetic algorithms based on PSO, SA, GA and Nelder Mead are proposed for bilevel model. • A set of computational tests on synthetic and real data sets. • A novel oriented-problem approach to determine optimal number of TODs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To review the available scientific literature about the effects of nutritional status on the multiple sclerosis disease.Methods: A systematic review of the scientific literature in the Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases through November 2016. Search equation: ("Multiple Sclerosis"[Mesh] OR "Multiple Sclerosis"[Title/Abstract] OR "Disseminated Sclerosis"[Title/Abstract] OR "Multiple Sclerosis Acute Fulminating"[Title/Abstract]) AND ("Nutritional Status"[Mesh] OR "Nutritional Status"[Title/Abstract] OR "Nutrition Status"[Title/Abstract]). The quality of the selected articles was discussed using the STROBE questionnaire. The search was completed through experts inquiry and additional review of the bibliographic references included in the selected papers. The concordance between authors (Kappa index) had to be higher than 80% for inclusion in this review.Results: Of the 160 references recovered, after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 29 articles were selected for review. Concordance between evaluators was 100.00%. The most studies established vitamin D levels. Others focused their research on finding out which nutrient deficits might be related to the multiple sclerosis development.Conclusions: Vitamin D may influence multiple sclerosis improvement. Sunlight and physical activity would be important factors, with nutritional status, in the course of this disease. It is necessary to produce new specific works that will delve into the subject to find out more about the relationship between nutritional status and multiple sclerosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report on the fabrication and microspectroscopy imaging of femtosecond laser written double-filament based Nd3+:MgO:LiNbO3 optical waveguides. The waveguiding high refractive-index regions are identified by blueshifts of the Nd3+ ion fluorescence lines with no deterioration in the fluorescence efficiency, whereas filamentary low-index regions are identified by both a Nd3+ line redshift and a fluorescence efficiency reduction. The lattice structural micromodifications at the origin of both waveguide formation and Nd3+ fluorescence changes have been investigated by means of confocal micro-Raman experiments. We have found that the direct laser written filaments are mainly constituted by a large density of defects, together with a marked axial compression perpendicular to the filaments (along the optical c-axis). Conversely, the high-index waveguiding regions are characterized by a pronounced anisotropic dilatation of the LiNbO3 lattice xy-planes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report on femtosecond laser modification of Nd:SBN crystals. Basic properties such as the ablation threshold have been obtained from the analysis of the ablation depths at different laser fluences. The induced micromodifications have been investigated by optical microscopy as well as by microphotoluminescence and micro-Raman experiments. We have found that in the vicinity of the ablated volume material amorphization can be induced along different directions. Furthermore, we have found that this material amorphization is accompanied by a strong inhibition of the Nd3+ luminescence. The analysis of the spatial extension of the luminescence inhibition as a function of the laser fluence has been used to elucidate the origin of the femtosecond laser induced material amorphization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]