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1. Azimuthal single- and double-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic lepton scattering by transversely polarized protons

Author: The HERMES Collaboration, A. Airapetian, N. Akopov, Z. Akopov, E. C. Aschenauer, W. Augustyniak, R. Avakian, A. Bacchetta, S. Belostotski, V. Bryzgalov, G. P. Capitani, E. Cisbani, G. Ciullo, M. Contalbrigo, W. Deconinck, R. De Leo, E. De Sanctis, M. Diefenthaler, P. Di Nezza, M. Düren, G. Elbakian, F. Ellinghaus, A. Fantoni, L. Felawka, G. Gavrilov, V. Gharibyan, D. Hasch, Y. Holler, A. Ivanilov, H. E. Jackson, S. Joosten, R. Kaiser, G. Karyan, E. Kinney, A. Kisselev, V. Kozlov, P. Kravchenko, L. Lagamba, L. Lapikás, I. Lehmann, P. Lenisa, W. Lorenzon, S. I. Manaenkov, B. Marianski, H. Marukyan, Y. Miyachi, A. Movsisyan, V. Muccifora, Y. Naryshkin, A. Nass, G. Nazaryan, W.-D. Nowak, L. L. Pappalardo, P. E. Reimer, A. R. Reolon, C. Riedl, K. Rith, G. Rosner, A. Rostomyan, J. Rubin, D. Ryckbosch, A. Schäfer, G. Schnell, B. Seitz, T.-A. Shibata, V. Shutov, M. Statera, A. Terkulov, M. Tytgat, Y. Van Haarlem, C. Van Hulse, D. Veretennikov, I. Vilardi, S. Yaschenko, D. Zeiler, B. Zihlmann, and P. Zupranski
Subjects: Fixed target experiments, Polarization, QCD, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract A comprehensive set of azimuthal single-spin and double-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive leptoproduction of pions, charged kaons, protons, and antiprotons from transversely polarized protons is presented. These asymmetries include the previously published HERMES results on Collins and Sivers asymmetries, the analysis of which has been extended to include protons and antiprotons and also to an extraction in a three-dimensional kinematic binning and enlarged phase space. They are complemented by corresponding results for the remaining four single-spin and four double-spin asymmetries allowed in the one-photon-exchange approximation of the semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering process for target-polarization orientation perpendicular to the direction of the incoming lepton beam. Among those results, significant non-vanishing cos (ϕ−ϕ S ) modulations provide evidence for a sizable worm-gear (II) distribution, g 1 T q x p T 2 $$ {g}_{1\mathrm{T}}^q\left(x,{\mathrm{p}}_T^2\right) $$ . Most of the other modulations are found to be consistent with zero with the notable exception of large sin (ϕ S ) modulations for charged pions and K +.
Published: 2020
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2. Measurement of the 3He spin-structure functions and of neutron (3He) spin-dependent sum rules at 0.035 ≤ Q2 ≤ 0.24 GeV2

Author: V. Sulkosky, J.T. Singh, C. Peng, J.-P. Chen, A. Deur, S. Abrahamyan, K.A. Aniol, D.S. Armstrong, T. Averett, S.L. Bailey, A. Beck, P. Bertin, F. Butaru, W. Boeglin, A. Camsonne, G.D. Cates, C.C. Chang, Seonho Choi, E. Chudakov, L. Coman, J.C. Cornejo, B. Craver, F. Cusanno, R. De Leo, C.W. de Jager, J.D. Denton, S. Dhamija, R. Feuerbach, J.M. Finn, S. Frullani, K. Fuoti, H. Gao, F. Garibaldi, O. Gayou, R. Gilman, A. Glamazdin, C. Glashausser, J. Gomez, J.-O. Hansen, D. Hayes, B. Hersman, D.W. Higinbotham, T. Holmstrom, T.B. Humensky, C.E. Hyde, H. Ibrahim, M. Iodice, X. Jiang, L.J. Kaufman, A. Kelleher, K.E. Keister, W. Kim, A. Kolarkar, N. Kolb, W. Korsch, K. Kramer, G. Kumbartzki, L. Lagamba, V. Lainé, G. Laveissiere, J.J. Lerose, D. Lhuillier, R. Lindgren, N. Liyanage, H.-J. Lu, B. Ma, D.J. Margaziotis, P. Markowitz, K. McCormick, M. Meziane, Z.-E. Meziani, R. Michaels, B. Moffit, P. Monaghan, S. Nanda, J. Niedziela, M. Niskin, R. Pandolfi, K.D. Paschke, M. Potokar, A.J.R. Puckett, V.A. Punjabi, Y. Qiang, R. Ransome, B. Reitz, R. Roché, A. Saha, A. Shabetai, S. Širca, K. Slifer, R. Snyder, P. Solvignon, R. Stringer, R. Subedi, W.A. Tobias, N. Ton, P.E. Ulmer, G.M. Urciuoli, A. Vacheret, E. Voutier, K. Wang, L. Wan, B. Wojtsekhowski, S. Woo, H. Yao, J. Yuan, X. Zhan, X. Zheng, and L. Zhu
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The spin-structure functions g1 and g2, and the spin-dependent partial cross-section σTT have been extracted from the polarized cross-sections differences, Δσ∥(ν,Q2) and Δσ⊥(ν,Q2) measured for the He3→(e→,e′)X reaction, in the E97-110 experiment at Jefferson Lab. Polarized electrons with energies from 1.147 to 4.404 GeV were scattered at angles of 6∘ and 9∘ from a longitudinally or transversely polarized 3He target. The data cover the kinematic regions of the quasi-elastic, resonance production and beyond. From the extracted spin-structure functions, the first moments Γ1‾(Q2), Γ2(Q2) and ITT(Q2) are evaluated with high precision for the neutron in the Q2 range from 0.035 to 0.24GeV2. The comparison of the data and the chiral effective field theory predictions reveals the importance of proper treatment of the Δ degree of freedom for spin observables.
Published: 2020
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3. Measurement of double-polarization asymmetries in the quasi-elastic He→3(e→,e′p) process

Author: M. Mihovilovič, G. Jin, E. Long, Y.-W. Zhang, K. Allada, B. Anderson, J.R.M. Annand, T. Averett, W. Bertozzi, W. Boeglin, P. Bradshaw, A. Camsonne, M. Canan, G.D. Cates, C. Chen, J.P. Chen, E. Chudakov, R. De Leo, X. Deng, A. Deltuva, A. Deur, C. Dutta, L. El Fassi, D. Flay, S. Frullani, F. Garibaldi, H. Gao, S. Gilad, R. Gilman, O. Glamazdin, J. Golak, S. Golge, J. Gomez, O. Hansen, D.W. Higinbotham, T. Holmstrom, J. Huang, H. Ibrahim, C.W. de Jager, E. Jensen, X. Jiang, M. Jones, H. Kamada, H. Kang, J. Katich, H.P. Khanal, A. Kievsky, P. King, W. Korsch, J. LeRose, R. Lindgren, H.-J. Lu, W. Luo, L.E. Marcucci, P. Markowitz, M. Meziane, R. Michaels, B. Moffit, P. Monaghan, N. Muangma, S. Nanda, B.E. Norum, K. Pan, D.S. Parno, E. Piasetzky, M. Posik, V. Punjabi, A.J.R. Puckett, X. Qian, Y. Qiang, X. Qui, S. Riordan, A. Saha, P.U. Sauer, B. Sawatzky, R. Schiavilla, B. Schoenrock, M. Shabestari, A. Shahinyan, S. Širca, R. Skibiński, J. St. John, R. Subedi, V. Sulkosky, W. Tireman, W.A. Tobias, K. Topolnicki, G.M. Urciuoli, M. Viviani, D. Wang, K. Wang, Y. Wang, J. Watson, B. Wojtsekhowski, H. Witała, Z. Ye, X. Zhan, Y. Zhang, X. Zheng, B. Zhao, and L. Zhu
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We report on a precise measurement of double-polarization asymmetries in electron-induced breakup of He3 proceeding to pd and ppn final states, performed in quasi-elastic kinematics at Q2=0.25(GeV/c)2 for missing momenta up to 250MeV/c. These observables represent highly sensitive tools to investigate the electromagnetic and spin structure of He3 and the relative importance of two- and three-body effects involved in the breakup reaction dynamics. The measured asymmetries cannot be satisfactorily reproduced by state-of-the-art calculations of He3 unless their three-body segment is adjusted, indicating that the spin-dependent part of the nuclear interaction governing the three-body breakup process is much smaller than previously thought. Keywords: Double-polarization asymmetry, Helium-3 nucleus, Proton knock-out
Published: 2019
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4. A glimpse of gluons through deeply virtual compton scattering on the proton

Author: M. Defurne, A. Martí Jiménez-Argüello, Z. Ahmed, H. Albataineh, K. Allada, K. A. Aniol, V. Bellini, M. Benali, W. Boeglin, P. Bertin, M. Brossard, A. Camsonne, M. Canan, S. Chandavar, C. Chen, J.-P. Chen, C. W. de Jager, R. de Leo, C. Desnault, A. Deur, L. El Fassi, R. Ent, D. Flay, M. Friend, E. Fuchey, S. Frullani, F. Garibaldi, D. Gaskell, A. Giusa, O. Glamazdin, S. Golge, J. Gomez, O. Hansen, D. Higinbotham, T. Holmstrom, T. Horn, J. Huang, M. Huang, C. E. Hyde, S. Iqbal, F. Itard, H. Kang, A. Kelleher, C. Keppel, S. Koirala, I. Korover, J. J. LeRose, R. Lindgren, E. Long, M. Magne, J. Mammei, D. J. Margaziotis, P. Markowitz, M. Mazouz, F. Meddi, D. Meekins, R. Michaels, M. Mihovilovic, C. Muñoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, N. Nuruzzaman, R. Paremuzyan, A. Puckett, V. Punjabi, Y. Qiang, A. Rakhman, M. N. H. Rashad, S. Riordan, J. Roche, G. Russo, F. Sabatié, K. Saenboonruang, A. Saha, B. Sawatzky, L. Selvy, A. Shahinyan, S. Sirca, P. Solvignon, M. L. Sperduto, R. Subedi, V. Sulkosky, C. Sutera, W. A. Tobias, G. M. Urciuoli, D. Wang, B. Wojtsekhowski, H. Yao, Z. Ye, X. Zhan, J. Zhang, B. Zhao, Z. Zhao, X. Zheng, and P. Zhu
Subjects: Science
Abstract: It remains a challenge to find the structure and the distribution of the constituents of nucleons. Here the authors use a scattering method to get information about the gluons and quarks inside a proton and separate the contribution of Bethe-Heitler from the deeply virtual Compton scattering process.
Published: 2017
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5. Ratios of helicity amplitudes for exclusive $$\rho ^0$$ ρ 0 electroproduction on transversely polarized protons

Author: A. Airapetian, N. Akopov, Z. Akopov, E. C. Aschenauer, W. Augustyniak, S. Belostotski, H. P. Blok, A. Borissov, V. Bryzgalov, G. P. Capitani, G. Ciullo, M. Contalbrigo, W. Deconinck, R. De Leo, E. De Sanctis, M. Düren, G. Elbakian, F. Ellinghaus, L. Felawka, S. Frullani, F. Garibaldi, G. Gavrilov, V. Gharibyan, S. V. Goloskokov, Y. Holler, A. Ivanilov, H. E. Jackson, S. Joosten, R. Kaiser, G. Karyan, A. Kisselev, V. Korotkov, V. Kozlov, P. Kravchenko, P. Kroll, L. Lagamba, L. Lapikás, I. Lehmann, P. Lenisa, W. Lorenzon, S. I. Manaenkov, B. Marianski, H. Marukyan, Y. Miyachi, A. Movsisyan, V. Muccifora, A. Nass, W.-D. Nowak, L. L. Pappalardo, A. Petrosyan, P. E. Reimer, A. R. Reolon, C. Riedl, K. Rith, G. Rosner, A. Rostomyan, D. Ryckbosch, Y. Salomatin, A. Schäfer, G. Schnell, B. Seitz, T.-A. Shibata, V. Shutov, M. Statera, A. Terkulov, R. Truty, A. Trzcinski, M. Tytgat, Y. Van Haarlem, C. Van Hulse, D. Veretennikov, V. Vikhrov, I. Vilardi, S. Yaschenko, B. Zihlmann, and P. Zupranski
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract Exclusive $$\rho ^0$$ ρ 0 -meson electroproduction is studied by the HERMES experiment, using the 27.6 GeV longitudinally polarized electron/positron beam of HERA and a transversely polarized hydrogen target, in the kinematic region 1.0 GeV $$^2
Published: 2017
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6. Measurement of the single-spin asymmetry Ay0 in quasi-elastic 3He↑(e,e′n) scattering at 0.4

Author: E. Long, Y.W. Zhang, M. Mihovilovič, G. Jin, V. Sulkosky, A. Kelleher, B. Anderson, D.W. Higinbotham, S. Širca, K. Allada, J.R.M. Annand, T. Averett, W. Bertozzi, W. Boeglin, P. Bradshaw, A. Camsonne, M. Canan, G.D. Cates, C. Chen, J.-P. Chen, E. Chudakov, R. De Leo, X. Deng, A. Deur, C. Dutta, L. El Fassi, D. Flay, S. Frullani, F. Garibaldi, H. Gao, S. Gilad, R. Gilman, O. Glamazdin, S. Golge, J. Gomez, J.-O. Hansen, T. Holmstrom, J. Huang, H. Ibrahim, C.W. de Jager, E. Jensen, X. Jiang, M. Jones, H. Kang, J. Katich, H.P. Khanal, P.M. King, W. Korsch, J. LeRose, R. Lindgren, H.-J. Lu, W. Luo, P. Markowitz, M. Meziane, R. Michaels, B. Moffit, P. Monaghan, N. Muangma, S. Nanda, B.E. Norum, K. Pan, D. Parno, E. Piasetzky, M. Posik, V. Punjabi, A.J.R. Puckett, X. Qian, Y. Qiang, X. Qui, S. Riordan, A. Saha, B. Sawatzky, M. Shabestari, A. Shahinyan, B. Shoenrock, J. St. John, R. Subedi, W.A. Tobias, W. Tireman, G.M. Urciuoli, D. Wang, K. Wang, Y. Wang, J. Watson, B. Wojtsekhowski, Z. Ye, X. Zhan, Y. Zhang, X. Zheng, B. Zhao, and L. Zhu
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Due to the lack of free neutron targets, studies of the structure of the neutron are typically made by scattering electrons from either 2H or 3He targets. In order to extract useful neutron information from a 3He target, one must understand how the neutron in a 3He system differs from a free neutron by taking into account nuclear effects such as final state interactions and meson exchange currents. The target single spin asymmetry Ay0 is an ideal probe of such effects, as any deviation from zero indicates effects beyond plane wave impulse approximation. New measurements of the target single spin asymmetry Ay0 at Q2 of 0.46 and 0.96 (GeV/c)2 were made at Jefferson Lab using the quasi-elastic He↑3(e,e′n) reaction. Our measured asymmetry decreases rapidly, from >20% at Q2=0.46 (GeV/c)2 to nearly zero at Q2=0.96 (GeV/c)2, demonstrating the fall-off of the reaction mechanism effects as Q2 increases. We also observed a small ϵ-dependent increase in Ay0 compared to previous measurements, particularly at moderate Q2. This indicates that upcoming high Q2 measurements from the Jefferson Lab 12 GeV program can cleanly probe neutron structure from polarized 3He using plane wave impulse approximation. Keywords: Neutron, Quasi-elastic, Polarized, 3He, Electron scattering, Single spin asymmetry
Published: 2019
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7. Electroexcitation of the Δ+(1232) at low momentum transfer

Author: A. Blomberg, D. Anez, N. Sparveris, A.J. Sarty, M. Paolone, S. Gilad, D. Higinbotham, Z. Ahmed, H. Albataineh, K. Allada, B. Anderson, K. Aniol, J. Annand, J. Arrington, T. Averett, H. Baghdasaryan, X. Bai, A. Beck, S. Beck, V. Bellini, F. Benmokhtar, W. Boeglin, C.M. Camacho, A. Camsonne, C. Chen, J.P. Chen, K. Chirapatpimol, E. Cisbani, M. Dalton, W. Deconinck, M. Defurne, R. De Leo, D. Flay, N. Fomin, M. Friend, S. Frullani, E. Fuchey, F. Garibaldi, R. Gilman, C. Gu, D. Hamilton, C. Hanretty, O. Hansen, M. Hashemi Shabestari, O. Hen, T. Holmstrom, M. Huang, S. Iqbal, N. Kalantarians, H. Kang, A. Kelleher, M. Khandaker, I. Korover, J. Leckey, J. LeRose, R. Lindgren, E. Long, J. Mammei, D.J. Margaziotis, A. Martí Jimenez-Arguello, D. Meekins, Z.E. Meziani, M. Mihovilovic, N. Muangma, B. Norum, Nuruzzaman, K. Pan, S. Phillips, E. Piasetzky, A. Polychronopoulou, I. Pomerantz, M. Posik, V. Punjabi, X. Qian, A. Rakhman, P.E. Reimer, S. Riordan, G. Ron, A. Saha, E. Schulte, L. Selvy, R. Shneor, S. Sirca, J. Sjoegren, R. Subedi, V. Sulkosky, W. Tireman, D. Wang, J. Watson, B. Wojtsekhowski, W. Yan, I. Yaron, Z. Ye, X. Zhan, J. Zhang, Y. Zhang, B. Zhao, Z. Zhao, X. Zheng, and P. Zhu
Subjects: CMR, Pion electroproduction, Nucleon deformation, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We report on new p(e,e′p)π∘ measurements at the Δ+(1232) resonance at the low momentum transfer region, where the mesonic cloud dynamics is predicted to be dominant and rapidly changing, offering a test bed for chiral effective field theory calculations. The new data explore the Q2 dependence of the resonant quadrupole amplitudes and for the first time indicate that the Electric and the Coulomb quadrupole amplitudes converge as Q2→0. The measurements of the Coulomb quadrupole amplitude have been extended to the lowest momentum transfer ever reached, and suggest that more than half of its magnitude is attributed to the mesonic cloud in this region. The new data disagree with predictions of constituent quark models and are in reasonable agreement with dynamical calculations that include pion cloud effects, chiral effective field theory and lattice calculations. The measurements indicate that improvement is required to the theoretical calculations and provide valuable input that will allow their refinements.
Published: 2016
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8. Ratios of helicity amplitudes for exclusive ρ0 electroproduction

Author: The HERMES Collaboration, A. Airapetian, N. Akopov, Z. Akopov, E. C. Aschenauer, W. Augustyniak, R. Avakian, A. Avetissian, E. Avetisyan, S. Belostotski, N. Bianchi, H. P. Blok, A. Borissov, J. Bowles, V. Bryzgalov, J. Burns, M. Capiluppi, G. P. Capitani, E. Cisbani, G. Ciullo, M. Contalbrigo, P. F. Dalpiaz, W. Deconinck, R. De Leo, L. De Nardo, E. De Sanctis, M. Diefenthaler, P. Di Nezza, M. Düren, M. Ehrenfried, G. Elbakian, F. Ellinghaus, R. Fabbri, A. Fantoni, L. Felawka, S. Frullani, D. Gabbert, G. Gapienko, V. Gapienko, F. Garibaldi, G. Gavrilov, V. Gharibyan, F. Giordano, S. Gliske, M. Golembiovskaya, C. Hadjidakis, M. Hartig, D. Hasch, G. Hill, A. Hillenbrand, M. Hoek, Y. Holler, I. Hristova, Y. Imazu, A. Ivanilov, H. E. Jackson, H. S. Jo, S. Joosten, R. Kaiser, G. Karyan, T. Keri, E. Kinney, A. Kisselev, N. Kobayashi, V. Korotkov, V. Kozlov, P. Kravchenko, V. G. Krivokhijine, L. Lagamba, R. Lamb, L. Lapikás, I. Lehmann, P. Lenisa, L. A. Linden-Levy, A. López Ruiz, W. Lorenzon, X.-G. Lu, X.-R. Lu, B.-Q. Ma, D. Mahon, N. C. R. Makins, S. I. Manaenkov, L. Manfré, Y. Mao, B. Marianski, A. Martinez de la Ossa, H. Marukyan, C. A. Miller, Y. Miyachi, A. Movsisyan, V. Muccifora, M. Murray, A. Mussgiller, E. Nappi, Y. Naryshkin, A. Nass, M. Negodaev, W.-D. Nowak, L. L. Pappalardo, R. Perez-Benito, N. Pickert, P. E. Reimer, A. R. Reolon, C. Riedl, K. Rith, G. Rosner, A. Rostomyan, J. Rubin, D. Ryckbosch, Y. Salomatin, F. Sanftl, A. Schäfer, G. Schnell, K. P. Schüler, B. Seitz, T.-A. Shibata, V. Shutov, M. Stancari, M. Statera, E. Steffens, J. J. M. Steijger, F. Stinzing, S. Taroian, A. Terkulov, A. Trzcinski, M. Tytgat, A. Vandenbroucke, Y. Van Haarlem, C. Van Hulse, D. Veretennikov, V. Vikhrov, I. Vilardi, S. Wang, S. Yaschenko, S. Yen, W. Yu, B. Zihlmann, and P. Zupranski
Subjects: Systematic Uncertainty, Amplitude Ratio, Total Uncertainty, Helicity Amplitude, ZEUS Collaboration, Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract Exclusive ρ 0-meson electroproduction is studied in the HERMES experiment, using a 27.6 GeV longitudinally polarized electron/positron beam and unpolarized hydrogen and deuterium targets in the kinematic region 0.5 GeV2
Published: 2011
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9. The Combination of N-Acetyl Cysteine, Alpha-Lipoic Acid, and Bromelain Shows High Anti-Inflammatory Properties in Novel In Vivo and In Vitro Models of Endometriosis

Author: C. Agostinis, S. Zorzet, R. De Leo, G. Zauli, F. De Seta, and R. Bulla
Subjects: Pathology, RB1-214
Abstract: To evaluate the efficacy of an association of N-acetyl cystein, alpha-lipoic acid, and bromelain (NAC/LA/Br) in the treatment of endometriosis we set up a new in vivo murine model. We explored the anti-inflammatory and proapoptotic effect of this combination on human endometriotic endothelial cells (EECs) and on endothelial cells isolated from normal uterus (UtMECs). We implanted fragments of human endometriotic cysts intraperitoneally into SCID mice to evaluate the efficacy of NAC/LA/Br treatment. UtMECs and EECs, untreated or treated with NAC/LA/Br, were activated with the proinflammatory stimulus TNF-α and their response in terms of VCAM1 expression was evaluated. The proapoptotic effect of higher doses of NAC/LA/Br on UtMECs and EECs was measured with a fluorogenic substrate for activated caspases 3 and 7. The preincubation of EECs with NAC/LA/Br prior to cell stimulation with TNF-α prevents the upregulation of the expression of the inflammatory “marker” VCAM1. Furthermore NAC/LA/Br were able to induce EEC, but not UtMEC, apoptosis. Finally, the novel mouse model allowed us to demonstrate that mice treated with NAC/LA/Br presented a lower number of cysts, smaller in size, compared to untreated mice. Our findings suggest that these dietary supplements may have potential therapeutic uses in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases like endometriosis.
Published: 2015
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10. Theory of Dynamical Systems and Transport Phenomena in Normal Metals

Author: R. De Leo, S. P. Novikov, A. Ya. Maltsev, and Ivan Dynnikov
Subjects: Physics, Solid-state physics, Dynamical systems theory, General Physics and Astronomy, Motion (geometry), Electron, 01 natural sciences, Magnetic field, Theoretical physics, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Transport phenomena, Topology (chemistry), Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: The results of recent studies in the theory of dynamical systems related to the motion of electrons on complex Fermi surfaces in normal metals are presented. The problem considered is closely related to the description of electron transport phenomena in strong magnetic fields and is therefore of great interest from the viewpoint of topology and dynamical systems theory. We will try to give a brief overview of the state of the art in this research area, as well as point out a number of interesting issues that are being actively studied at present.
Published: 2019
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11. Spectroscopy of A=9 hyperlithium with the (e,e′K+) reaction

Author: Chhanda Samanta, Tomofumi Maruta, M. Fujita, M. Kawai, A. Mkrtchyan, M. Y. Gabrielyan, Amrendra Narayan, D. Gaskell, Patrick Achenbach, A. Nunez, M. Elaasar, L. Gan, L. Ya, G. Niculescu, X. Qiu, R. A. Badui, A. Chiba, J. Bono, Seigo Kato, Kazushige Maeda, F. Garibaldi, Rolf Ent, Hiroki Kanda, R. Asaturyan, T. Horn, S. N. Nakamura, Kyo Tsukada, Pavlo Baturin, A. Ahmidouch, A. Liyanage, Osamu Hashimoto, I. Albayrak, E. J. Brash, Pete Markowitz, Masashi Kaneta, Z. Ye, N. Taniya, Bitao Hu, L. G. Tang, J. Pochodzalla, V. M. Rodriguez, V. Tadevosyan, Michael Kohl, R. De Leo, D. Doi, S. Danagoulian, Joerg Reinhold, F. R. Wesselmann, P. Carter, A. Shichijo, V. Maxwell, E. Christy, Ed V. Hungerford, A. Asaturyan, M. K. Jones, D. Kawama, Y. Han, Y. Fujii, Ashot Gasparian, Nuruzzaman, Amur Margaryan, K. Yokota, Y. Okayasu, L. Y. Zhu, L. Yuan, H. Mkrtchyan, O. Ates, T. Seva, Tomislav Petković, W. Luo, W. F. Vulcan, Miroslav Furić, Chunhui Chen, B. Sawatzky, M. I. Niculescu, D. G. Meekins, S. A. Wood, M. Veilleux, H. Khanal, T. O. Yamamoto, W. U. Boeglin, Darko Androić, A. Matsumura, Toshiyuki Gogami, S. Zhamkochyan, C. Neville, and Sho Nagao
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Physical chemistry, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, 01 natural sciences
Published: 2021
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12. Azimuthal single- and double-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic lepton scattering by transversely polarized protons

Author: P. E. Reimer, Vitaly Shutov, Wolfgang Lorenzon, G. Schnell, P. Lenisa, Ralf Kaiser, B. Seitz, V. Muccifora, P. Di Nezza, G. Nazaryan, T. A. Shibata, R.O. Avakian, P. Kravchenko, Dirk Ryckbosch, A. Rostomyan, Alessandro Bacchetta, B. Zihlmann, L. L. Pappalardo, L. Felawka, N. Akopov, G. Gavrilov, C. Riedl, W. Augustyniak, L. Lagamba, S. Yaschenko, G. Karyan, G. P. Capitani, Frank Ellinghaus, G. Ciullo, E. R. Kinney, Wouter Deconinck, H. E. Jackson, E. De Sanctis, B. Marianski, Y. Naryshkin, M. Contalbrigo, A. Airapetian, V. Gharibyan, Z. Akopov, G. Elbakian, P. Zupranski, Adel Terkulov, A. Ivanilov, R. De Leo, E. C. Aschenauer, A. Nass, S. I. Manaenkov, H. Marukyan, G. Rosner, S. Belostotski, A. Fantoni, A. Movsisyan, V. A. Kozlov, S. Joosten, D. Veretennikov, M. Diefenthaler, M. Statera, D. Zeiler, Y. Van Haarlem, A. Kisselev, Y. Holler, J. G. Rubin, Michael Tytgat, I. Lehmann, A. R. Reolon, V. Bryzgalov, E. Cisbani, C. B. Van Hulse, Y. Miyachi, D. Hasch, I. Vilardi, Michael Düren, W.-D. Nowak, L. Lapikás, Andreas Schäfer, and Klaus Rith
Subjects: dimension: 3, Nuclear Theory, HERMES, Parton, SIDIS, 01 natural sciences, PARTON, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Sivers function, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), polarized beam [p], High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), semi-inclusive reaction [deep inelastic scattering], Polarization, leptoproduction [pi], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Collins, Nuclear Experiment, Spin-½, Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, FINAL-STATE INTERACTIONS, deep inelastic scattering: semi-inclusive reaction, PIONS, lepton: beam, ddc:530, QUARK POLARIZATION, scattering [lepton], anti-p, beam [lepton], High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, modulation, DESY HERA Stor, Fixed target experiments, kinematics, 3 [dimension], QCD, FRAGMENTATION, spin: asymmetry, electron p: deep inelastic scattering, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, DRELL-YAN, transverse [polarization], p: polarized beam, Socio-culturale, FOS: Physical sciences, lepton: scattering, SIVERS ASYMMETRIES, Nuclear physics, phase space, PE2_2, Pion, PE2_1, 0103 physical sciences, polarization: transverse, DISTRIBUTIONS, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, 010306 general physics, PE2_3, pi: leptoproduction, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, ELECTROPRODUCTION, 530 Physik, Orientation (vector space), Antiproton, deep inelastic scattering [electron p], lcsh:QC770-798, High Energy Physics::Experiment, asymmetry [spin], experimental results, Lepton
Abstract: Journal of high energy physics 2020(12), 010 (2020). doi:10.1007/JHEP12(2020)010, A comprehensive set of azimuthal single-spin and double-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive leptoproduction of pions, charged kaons, protons, and antiprotons from transversely polarized protons is presented. These asymmetries include the previously published HERMES results on Collins and Sivers asymmetries, the analysis of which has been extended to include protons and antiprotons and also to an extraction in a three-dimensional kinematic binning and enlarged phase space. They are complemented by corresponding results for the remaining four single-spin and four double-spin asymmetries allowed in the one-photon-exchange approximation of the semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering process for target-polarization orientation perpendicular to the direction of the incoming lepton beam. Among those results, significant non-vanishing $\cos(\phi−\phi_S)$ modulations provide evidence for a sizable worm-gear (II) distribution, $g_{1T}(x,p_T^2)$. Most of the other modulations are found to be consistent with zero with the notable exception of large $\sin(\phi_S)$ modulations for charged pions and $K^+$., Published by SISSA, [Trieste]
Published: 2020
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13. Measurement of the 3He spin-structure functions and of neutron (3He) spin-dependent sum rules at 0.035 ≤ Q2 ≤ 0.24 GeV2

Author: Wolfgang Korsch, P.Y. Bertin, A. Shabetai, N. Kolb, Pete Markowitz, Houbing Lu, T.B. Humensky, K. Kramer, R. Roche, Z. E. Meziani, R. De Leo, Antonin Vacheret, Ronald Ransome, Jaideep Singh, R. J. Feuerbach, M. Iodice, F. Garibaldi, W. U. Boeglin, Nilanga Liyanage, L. J. Kaufman, X. Zhan, J. Yuan, J. Gomez, L. Zhu, R. Stringer, L. Wan, Seung-Tae Woo, H. F. Ibrahim, D. Hayes, L. Lagamba, J. Niedziela, Ronald Pandolfi, Douglas Higinbotham, A.J.R. Puckett, S. Dhamija, K. McCormick, S. L. Bailey, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, J. P. Chen, V. Laine, E. Chudakov, X. Zheng, S. Frullani, P. Monaghan, S. K. Nanda, B. Craver, Yujie Qiang, G. J. Kumbartzki, D. S. Armstrong, J. O. Hansen, P. E. Ulmer, N. Ton, K. E. Keister, G. Laveissière, J. M. Finn, Simon Širca, B. Ma, K. Wang, B. Hersman, R. A. Lindgren, J. J. LeRose, M. Niskin, A. Saha, A. Kelleher, Karl Slifer, V. Sulkosky, F. Cusanno, Seonho Choi, S. Abrahamyan, Ronald Gilman, A. Deur, A. V. Glamazdin, A. Camsonne, D. Lhuillier, J. C. Cornejo, P. Solvignon, R. Subedi, A. Kolarkar, A. Beck, T. Averett, C. E. Hyde, Kent Paschke, Charles Glashausser, V. A. Punjabi, W. Kim, Haiyan Gao, E. Voutier, M. Potokar, L. Coman, J. D. Denton, B. Reitz, C. C. Chang, Olivier Gayou, K. Fuoti, X. Jiang, D. J. Margaziotis, C. Peng, H. Yao, G. D. Cates, William A. Tobias, R. Snyder, G. M. Urciuoli, C. W. de Jager, K. A. Aniol, Bryan J. Moffit, T. Holmstrom, M. Meziane, F. Butaru, R. Michaels, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Jefferson Lab E97-110, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and E97-110
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, n: polarization, Electron, structure function: spin, Spin structure, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], spin: dependence, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, 0103 physical sciences, Effective field theory, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Neutron, helium: polarization, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Spin-½, Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, deuteron: structure function, cross section: difference, Resonance, Observable, perturbation theory: chiral, lcsh:QC1-999, sum rule: spin, Atomic physics, spin: asymmetry, lcsh:Physics, experimental results, Jefferson Lab
Abstract: The spin-structure functions $g_1$ and $g_2$, and the spin-dependent partial cross-section $\sigma_\mathrm{TT}$ have been extracted from the polarized cross-sections differences, $\Delta \sigma_{\parallel}\hspace{-0.06cm}\left(\nu,Q^{2}\right)$ and $\Delta \sigma_{\perp}\hspace{-0.06cm}\left(\nu,Q^{2}\right)$ measured for the $\vec{^\textrm{3}\textrm{He}}(\vec{\textrm{e}},\textrm{e}')\textrm{X}$ reaction, in the E97-110 experiment at Jefferson Lab. Polarized electrons with energies from 1.147 to 4.404 GeV were scattered at angles of 6$^{\circ}$ and 9$^{\circ}$ from a longitudinally or transversely polarized $^{3}$He target. The data cover the kinematic regions of the quasi-elastic, resonance production and beyond. From the extracted spin-structure functions, the first moments $\overline{\Gamma_1}\hspace{-0.06cm}\left(Q^{2}\right)$, $\Gamma_2\hspace{-0.06cm}\left(Q^{2}\right)$ and $I_{\mathrm{TT}}\hspace{-0.06cm}\left(Q^{2}\right)$ are evaluated with high precision for the neutron in the $Q^2$ range from 0.035 to 0.24~GeV$^{2}$. The comparison of the data and the chiral effective field theory predictions reveals the importance of proper treatment of the $\Delta$ degree of freedom for spin observables., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables. Version published in Phys. Lett. B
Published: 2020
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14. Direct measurements of the lifetime of medium-heavy hypernuclei

Author: Pavlo Baturin, Tomislav Petković, W. Luo, Masashi Kaneta, E. Christy, M. Elaasar, N. Taniya, O. Hashimoto, L. Y. Zhu, L. Gan, S. A. Wood, M. Veilleux, A. Chiba, W.U. Boeglin, T. O. Yamamoto, Franco Garibaldi, W. F. Vulcan, H. C. Fenker, A. Liyanage, D. Kawama, T. Horn, Nuruzzaman, V.M. Rodriguez, Darko Androić, A. Matsumura, Toshiyuki Gogami, S. Zhamkochyan, C. Neville, Tomofumi Maruta, Sho Nagao, M. M. Dalton, Chhanda Samanta, B. Sawatzky, A. Mkrtchyan, Satoshi Nakamura, Kyo Tsukada, J. Bono, M. Y. Gabrielyan, Kazushige Maeda, I. Albayrak, Hiroki Kanda, Y. Fujii, E. V. Hungerford, Amur Margaryan, K. Yokota, B. S. Hu, M. Kawai, E. J. Brash, L. Ya, F. R. Wesselmann, X. Chen, H. Mkrtchyan, H. Khanal, Z. Ye, R. Asaturyan, Pete Markowitz, L. G. Tang, R. De Leo, D. Doi, G. Niculescu, T. Seva, P. Achenbach, A. Asaturyan, L. Yuan, Y. Okayasu, Rolf Ent, O. Ates, Amrendra Narayan, Miroslav Furić, Chunhui Chen, D. Gaskell, Joerg Reinhold, S. Danagoulian, Michael Kohl, P. Carter, A. Shichijo, R. A. Badui, A. Ahmidouch, X. Qiu, M. K. Jones, V. Maxwell, M. I. Niculescu, J. Pochodzalla, V. Tadevosyan, A. Nunez, and Ashot Gasparian
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Fission, Hypernuclei, Lifetime, Fragment, Hyper-fragment, Weak decay, Weak interaction, Hypernucleus, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Coincident, 0103 physical sciences, Particle, 010306 general physics, Saturation (chemistry), Event (particle physics)
Abstract: The lifetime of a Λ particle embedded in a nucleus (hypernucleus) decreases from that of free Λ decay mainly due to the opening of the Λ N → N N weak decay channel. However, it is generally believed that the lifetime of a hypernucleus attains a constant value (saturation) for medium to heavy hypernuclear masses, yet this hypothesis has been difficult to verify. This paper presents a direct measurement of the lifetime of medium-heavy hypernuclei that were hyper-fragments produced by fission or break-up from heavy hypernuclei initially produced with a 2.34 GeV photon-beam incident on thin Fe, Cu, Ag, and Bi target foils. For each event, fragments were detected in coincident pairs by a low-pressure multi-wire proportional chamber system. The lifetime was extracted from decay time spectrum formed by the difference of the time zeros between the pairs. The measured lifetime from each target is actually a statistical average over a range of mass with mean about 1/2 of the target mass and appears to be a constant of about 200 ps. Although this result cannot exclude unexpected shorter or longer lifetimes for some specific hypernuclei or hypernuclear states, it shows that a systematic decrease in lifetime as hypernuclear mass increases is not a general feature for hypernuclei with mean mass up to A ≈ 130 . On the other hand, the success of this experiment and its technique shows that the time delayed fissions observed and used by all the lifetime measurements done so far on heavy hypernuclei could likely have originated from hyper-fragments lighter than the assumed masses.
Published: 2018
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15. Deeply virtual Compton scattering off the neutron

Author: M. Benali, C. Desnault, M. Mazouz, Z. Ahmed, H. Albataineh, K. Allada, K. A. Aniol, V. Bellini, W. Boeglin, P. Bertin, M. Brossard, A. Camsonne, M. Canan, S. Chandavar, C. Chen, J.-P. Chen, M. Defurne, C. W. de Jager, R. de Leo, A. Deur, L. El Fassi, R. Ent, D. Flay, M. Friend, E. Fuchey, S. Frullani, F. Garibaldi, D. Gaskell, A. Giusa, O. Glamazdin, S. Golge, J. Gomez, O. Hansen, D. Higinbotham, T. Holmstrom, T. Horn, J. Huang, M. Huang, G. M. Huber, C. E. Hyde, S. Iqbal, F. Itard, Ho. Kang, Hy. Kang, A. Kelleher, C. Keppel, S. Koirala, I. Korover, J. J. LeRose, R. Lindgren, E. Long, M. Magne, J. Mammei, D. J. Margaziotis, P. Markowitz, A. Martí Jiménez-Argüello, F. Meddi, D. Meekins, R. Michaels, M. Mihovilovic, N. Muangma, C. Muñoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, N. Nuruzzaman, R. Paremuzyan, R. Pomatsalyuk, A. Puckett, V. Punjabi, Y. Qiang, A. Rakhman, M. N. H. Rashad, S. Riordan, J. Roche, G. Russo, F. Sabatié, K. Saenboonruang, A. Saha, B. Sawatzky, L. Selvy, A. Shahinyan, S. Sirca, P. Solvignon, M. L. Sperduto, R. Subedi, V. Sulkosky, C. Sutera, W. A. Tobias, G. M. Urciuoli, D. Wang, B. Wojtsekhowski, H. Yao, Z. Ye, L. Zana, X. Zhan, J. Zhang, B. Zhao, Z. Zhao, X. Zheng, P. Zhu, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: quark: flavor, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, n: structure function, nucleon, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, 010305 fluids & plasmas, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), deeply virtual Compton scattering, 0103 physical sciences, photon: scattering, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The three-dimensional structure of nucleons (protons and neutrons) is embedded in so-called generalized parton distributions, which are accessible from deeply virtual Compton scattering. In this process, a high energy electron is scattered off a nucleon by exchanging a virtual photon. Then, a highly-energetic real photon is emitted from one of the quarks inside the nucleon, which carries information on the quark's transverse position and longitudinal momentum. By measuring the cross-section of deeply virtual Compton scattering, Compton form factors related to the generalized parton distributions can be extracted. Here, we report the observation of unpolarized deeply virtual Compton scattering off a deuterium target. From the measured photon-electroproduction cross-sections, we have extracted the cross-section of a quasi-free neutron and a coherent deuteron. Due to the approximate isospin symmetry of quantum chromodynamics, we can determine the contributions from the different quark flavours to the helicity-conserved Compton form factors by combining our measurements with previous ones probing the proton's internal structure. These results advance our understanding of the description of the nucleon structure, which is important to solve the proton spin puzzle.
Published: 2020
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16. Electroexcitation of the Δ+(1232) at low momentum transfer

Author: V. Bellini, C.M. Camacho, E. Schulte, H. Albataineh, J. W. Watson, M. Huang, M. Hashemi Shabestari, J. Sjoegren, C. Gu, Simon Širca, F. Garibaldi, I. Yaron, L. Selvy, M. Khandaker, V. A. Punjabi, T. Holmstrom, E. Fuchey, B. D. Anderson, M. Defurne, W. Tireman, D. J. Margaziotis, R. A. Lindgren, Or Hen, J. P. Chen, I. Korover, E. Piasetzky, Z. E. Meziani, A. Blomberg, H. Baghdasaryan, Olfred Hansen, K. Chirapatpimol, J. R. M. Annand, Juliette Mammei, A. Polychronopoulou, Salvatore Frullani, M. Posik, N. Muangma, X. Zhan, S. K. Phillips, John Arrington, X. Bai, J. Leckey, D. Flay, Nikos Sparveris, Ping Zhu, B. Zhao, Guy Ron, David Hamilton, W. B. Yan, A. Kelleher, X. Zheng, N. Kalantarians, R. Shneor, S. Riordan, Abdurahim Rakhman, A. Saha, Kalyan Allada, Vincent Sulkosky, Z. W. Zhao, Z. Ye, E. Long, Xin Qian, R. Subedi, D. G. Meekins, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, B. E. Norum, J. LeRose, R. De Leo, M. Mihovilovič, A. Martí Jiménez-Argüello, E. Cisbani, S. Iqbal, M. M. Dalton, W. U. Boeglin, Chunhui Chen, H. Kang, A. Camsonne, Nuruzzaman, Michael Paolone, C. Hanretty, D. Anez, N. Fomin, Shalev Gilad, K. A. Aniol, T. Averett, Wouter Deconinck, Ishay Pomerantz, Z. Ahmed, A. J. Sarty, Fatiha Benmokhtar, D. Wang, S. Beck, Ronald Gilman, Douglas Higinbotham, K. Pan, Yiyang Zhang, A. Beck, Jie Zhang, M. Friend, P. E. Reimer, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Ecole Centrale Paris, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Angular momentum, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Nuclear Theory, Constituent quark, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nucleon deformation, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Atomic, Nuclear physics, Pion, Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Coulomb, Effective field theory, Nuclear, CMR, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Mathematical Physics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Momentum transfer, Pion electroproduction, Molecular, Nuclear & Particles Physics, lcsh:QC1-999, Quantum electrodynamics, Quadrupole, Nucleon, Astronomical and Space Sciences, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: International audience; We report on new p(e,e′p)π∘p(e,e′p)π∘ measurements at the Δ+(1232)Δ+(1232) resonance at the low momentum transfer region, where the mesonic cloud dynamics is predicted to be dominant and rapidly changing, offering a test bed for chiral effective field theory calculations. The new data explore the Q2Q2 dependence of the resonant quadrupole amplitudes and for the first time indicate that the Electric and the Coulomb quadrupole amplitudes converge as Q2→0Q2→0. The measurements of the Coulomb quadrupole amplitude have been extended to the lowest momentum transfer ever reached, and suggest that more than half of its magnitude is attributed to the mesonic cloud in this region. The new data disagree with predictions of constituent quark models and are in reasonable agreement with dynamical calculations that include pion cloud effects, chiral effective field theory and lattice calculations. The measurements indicate that improvement is required to the theoretical calculations and provide valuable input that will allow their refinements.
Published: 2016
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17. Measurement of double-polarization asymmetries in the quasi-elastic Process

Author: R. A. Lindgren, C. Dutta, William A. Tobias, X. Zhan, F. Garibaldi, M. H. Shabestari, G. D. Cates, D. Flay, B. Schoenrock, Henryk Witała, Y. Zhang, X. Deng, Diana Parno, T. Holmstrom, J. P. Chen, B. Zhao, P. Monaghan, Yingxiao Wang, J. Huang, P. M. King, A. Saha, G. M. Urciuoli, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, N. Muangma, J. Gomez, Shalev Gilad, S. Golge, R. Subedi, C. W. de Jager, T. Averett, Chunhui Chen, S. Širca, A. Shahinyan, P. C. Bradshaw, X. Jiang, Xin Qian, A. Kievsky, J. St. John, P. U. Sauer, H. P. Khanal, B. Moffit, Mustafa Canan, Kalyan Allada, R. Michaels, R. Skibiński, L. El Fassi, W. U. Boeglin, A. Deltuva, A. Deur, H. Kang, B. D. Anderson, Yiyang Zhang, W. Tireman, M. Meziane, M. Posik, William Bertozzi, Z. Ye, H.-J. Lu, Wolfgang Korsch, B. E. Norum, Michele Viviani, Hiroyuki Kamada, Vincent Sulkosky, O. Glamazdin, Pete Markowitz, Olfred Hansen, J. R. M. Annand, A. Camsonne, H. F. Ibrahim, J. LeRose, W. Luo, R. De Leo, Joseph M. Katich, Kacper Topolnicki, J. W. Watson, B. Sawatzky, E. Chudakov, Haiyan Gao, L. E. Marcucci, S. Riordan, V. A. Punjabi, D. Wang, Ronald Gilman, Douglas Higinbotham, M. K. Jones, E. Jensen, Jacek Golak, K. Pan, K. Wang, X. Qui, L. Y. Zhu, S. Frullani, G. Jin, X. Zheng, S. K. Nanda, Yujie Qiang, Andrew Puckett, Rocco Schiavilla, E. Long, M. Mihovilovič, and E. Piasetzky
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Observable, Kinematics, Spin structure, Polarization (waves), Breakup, 01 natural sciences, p-process, Nuclear interaction, Nuclear physics, Reaction dynamics, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract: We report on a precise measurement of double-polarization asymmetries in electron-induced breakup of He3 proceeding to pd and ppn final states, performed in quasi-elastic kinematics at Q2=0.25(GeV/c)2 for missing momenta up to 250MeV/c. These observables represent highly sensitive tools to investigate the electromagnetic and spin structure of He3 and the relative importance of two- and three-body effects involved in the breakup reaction dynamics. The measured asymmetries cannot be satisfactorily reproduced by state-of-the-art calculations of He3 unless their three-body segment is adjusted, indicating that the spin-dependent part of the nuclear interaction governing the three-body breakup process is much smaller than previously thought.
Published: 2018

18. Intraoperative ultrasound assistance for surgical removal of lost intrauterine device

Author: Giovanni Scambia, Francesca Moro, Floriana Mascilini, R. De Leo, Anna Fagotti, and A. C. Testa
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, MEDLINE, Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Medicine, Intrauterine device, Intraoperative ultrasound, Surgery, Reproductive Medicine, Surgical removal, Medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, business, Intrauterine Device Migration
Published: 2019
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19. Rosenbluth Separation of the π0 Electroproduction Cross Section Off the Neutron

Author: N. Nuruzzaman, S. Golge, M. L. Sperduto, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, R. A. Lindgren, J. J. LeRose, C. M. Sutera, Chunhui Chen, Z. W. Zhao, Z. Ye, M. Mihovilovic, H. Albataineh, H. Yao, D. Flay, N. Muangma, V. Bellini, A. Martí Jiménez-Argüello, Yujie Qiang, A. Saha, M. Huang, Andrew Puckett, D. G. Meekins, Z. Ahmed, B. Zhao, F. Sabatié, Simon Širca, G. M. Huber, Pete Markowitz, S. Koirala, F. Garibaldi, L. El Fassi, W. U. Boeglin, C. E. Hyde, Tanja Horn, X. Zhan, D. J. Margaziotis, M. Brossard, S. Chandavar, Maxime Defurne, R. De Leo, D. Gaskell, M. Benali, C. W. de Jager, K. A. Aniol, M. Mazouz, P. Solvignon, O. Glamazdin, M. Magne, Olfred Hansen, A. Deur, Cynthia Keppel, A. Camsonne, Douglas Higinbotham, M. N. H. Rashad, A. Shahinyan, Vincent Sulkosky, V. A. Punjabi, Mustafa Canan, C. Desnault, Kalyan Allada, E. Long, J. Roche, S. Iqbal, William A. Tobias, E. Fuchey, I. Korover, A. Giusa, Abdurahim Rakhman, A. Kelleher, G.V. Russo, Ho. Kang, J. P. Chen, X. Zheng, L. Selvy, D. Wang, Juliette Mammei, L. Zana, J. Huang, G. M. Urciuoli, J. Gomez, Rolf Ent, S. Riordan, P.Y. Bertin, P. Nadel-Turonski, P. Zhu, H. Kang, Franco Meddi, M. Friend, Jie Zhang, S. Frullani, R. Paremuzyan, Kiadtisak Saenboonruang, R. Subedi, B. Sawatzky, F. Itard, T. Holmstrom, R. Michaels, and C. Munoz Camacho
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Particle physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Momentum transfer, General Physics and Astronomy, Parton, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, Recoil, 0103 physical sciences, Photon polarization, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon
Abstract: We report the first longitudinal-transverse separation of the deeply virtual exclusive π^{0} electroproduction cross section off the neutron and coherent deuteron. The corresponding four structure functions dσ_{L}/dt, dσ_{T}/dt, dσ_{LT}/dt, and dσ_{TT}/dt are extracted as a function of the momentum transfer to the recoil system at Q^{2}=1.75 GeV^{2} and x_{B}=0.36. The ed→edπ^{0} cross sections are found compatible with the small values expected from theoretical models. The en→enπ^{0} cross sections show a dominance from the response to transversely polarized photons, and are in good agreement with calculations based on the transversity generalized parton distributions of the nucleon. By combining these results with previous measurements of π^{0} electroproduction off the proton, we present a flavor decomposition of the u and d quark contributions to the cross section.
Published: 2017
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20. Extraction of the Neutron Electric Form Factor from Measurements of Inclusive Double Spin Asymmetries

Author: G. D. Cates, T. Holmstrom, Xin Qian, Haiyan Gao, M. Meziane, Simon Širca, F. Garibaldi, H. F. Ibrahim, E. Chudakov, Houbing Lu, P. M. King, A. Shahinyan, W.U. Boeglin, V. A. Punjabi, D. G. Meekins, X. Jiang, E. Long, C. Dutta, William A. Tobias, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, L. El Fassi, Vincent Sulkosky, S. Riordan, H. P. Khanal, A. Kelleher, H. Kang, A. Camsonne, R. A. Lindgren, Eric L. N. Jensen, N. Muangma, W. Tireman, Diana Parno, M. Mihovilovic, R. Subedi, D. Flay, Yingxiao Wang, W. Luo, M. H. Shabestari, B. Shoenrock, B. Sawatzky, Shalev Gilad, C. W. de Jager, Bryan J. Moffit, E. Piasetzky, X. Zhan, A. Deur, J.-O. Hansen, Z. Ye, B. E. Norum, Y. Zhang, M. Posik, R. Michaels, X. Deng, B. Zhao, J. Gomez, X. Qui, S. Golge, Arijit Saha, P. Monaghan, P. C. Bradshaw, Chunhui Chen, A. J. R. Puckett, L. Y. Zhu, Wolfgang Korsch, J. W. Watson, O. Glamazdin, J. R. M. Annand, S. Frullani, J. P. Chen, J. Huang, G. M. Urciuoli, William Bertozzi, Ronald Gilman, Pete Markowitz, J. LeRose, R. De Leo, J. John, Brian P. Anderson, Yiyang Zhang, Joseph M. Katich, Douglas Higinbotham, Matthew Jones, K. Pan, K. Wang, D. Wang, T. Averett, G. Jin, X. Zheng, Mustafa Canan, Kalyan Allada, S. K. Nanda, and Yujie Qiang
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Nuclear Theory, Electric form factor, Form factor (quantum field theory), FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Pion, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron detection, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Spin-½, media_common
Abstract: $[Background]$ Measurements of the neutron charge form factor, $G^n_E$, are challenging due to the fact that the neutron has no net charge. In addition, measurements of the neutron form factors must use nuclear targets which require accurately accounting for nuclear effects. Extracting $G^n_E$ with different targets and techniques provides an important test of our handling of these effects. $[Purpose]$ The goal of the measurement was to use an inclusive asymmetry measurement technique to extract the neutron charge form factor at a four-momentum transfer of $1~(\rm{GeV/c})^2$. This technique has very different systematic uncertainties than traditional exclusive measurements and thus serves as an independent check of whether nuclear effects have been taken into account correctly. $[Method]$ The inclusive quasi-elastic reaction $^3\overrightarrow{\rm{He}}(\overrightarrow{e},e')$ was measured at Jefferson Lab. The neutron electric form factor, $G_E^n$, was extracted at $Q^2 = 0.98~(\rm{GeV/c})^2$ from ratios of electron-polarization asymmetries measured for two orthogonal target spin orientations. This $Q^2$ is high enough that the sensitivity to $G_E^n$ is not overwhelmed by the neutron magnetic contribution, and yet low enough that explicit neutron detection is not required to suppress pion production. $[Results]$ The neutron electric form factor, $G_E^n$, was determined to be $0.0414\pm0.0077\;{(stat)}\pm0.0022\;{(syst)}$; providing the first high precision inclusive extraction of the neutron's charge form factor. $[Conclusions]$ The use of the inclusive quasi-elastic $^3\overrightarrow{\rm{He}}(\overrightarrow{e},e')$ with a four-momentum transfer near $1~(\rm{GeV/c})^2$ has been used to provide a unique measurement of $G^n_E$. This new result provides a systematically independent validation of the exclusive extraction technique results., 7 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2017

21. First measurement of unpolarized semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering cross sections from a He3 target

Author: Nilanga Liyanage, D. J. Margaziotis, T. Liu, G. D. Cates, X. Zhan, Young Do Oh, Y. Li, E. Cisbani, P. C. Bradshaw, D. McNulty, Arijit Saha, C. Dutta, J. C. Cornejo, A. Kolarkar, Simon Širca, Chunhui Chen, R. A. Lindgren, J. J. LeRose, F. Garibaldi, A. Shahinyan, P. A. M. Dolph, F. Cusanno, William A. Tobias, L. G. Tang, Abdurahim Rakhman, X. Yan, Y. Zhang, W. Kim, V. Sulkosky, A. Deur, M. Huang, Ronald Ransome, H. Ding, H. F. Ibrahim, H. Yao, R. Michaels, Mustafa Canan, Xin Qian, S. K. Phillips, Kalyan Allada, William Bertozzi, Yanxi Zhang, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, T. Averett, X. Jiang, C. Munoz Camacho, B. Zhao, L. Guo, E. Long, M. M. Dalton, Wouter Deconinck, M. Posik, L. El Fassi, S. Riordan, Wolfgang Korsch, P. E. Bosted, Haiyan Gao, Zein-Eddine Meziani, Ronald Gilman, David Hamilton, M. H. Shabestari, Pete Markowitz, Y. F. Wang, E. Chudakov, S. Frullani, X. Zong, A. Kelleher, M. Osipenko, I. Vilardi, Xiaofeng Zhu, Dipanwita Dutta, X. Deng, B. Sawatzky, Jen-Chieh Peng, G. Jin, A. J. R. Puckett, B. Moffit, Y. X. Ye, Houbing Lu, X. Zheng, S. Stepanyan, W. Chen, Fatiha Benmokhtar, R. De Leo, T. Holmstrom, L. Yuan, Vladimir Nelyubin, R. Subedi, Shalev Gilad, Diana Parno, K. Chirapatpimol, J. P. Chen, C. W. de Jager, O. Glamazdin, E. Schulte, K. A. Aniol, Olfred Hansen, J. R. M. Annand, S. K. Nanda, Yujie Qiang, S. Golge, L. Y. Zhu, J. Huang, G. M. Urciuoli, Alexandre Camsonne, Z. Ye, B. E. Norum, Y. Zhao, X. Li, Mauro Iodice, Douglas Higinbotham, M. K. Jones, K. Wang, S. Marrone, Amrendra Narayan, Joseph M. Katich, and D. Gaskell
Subjects: Quark, Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Quark model, Deep inelastic scattering, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Nuclear cross section, 010306 general physics, Nucleon
Abstract: The unpolarized semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS) differential cross sections in He3(e,e′π±)X have been measured for the first time in Jefferson Lab experiment E06-010 with a 5.9GeVe− beam on a He3 gas target. The experiment focuses on the valence quark region, covering a kinematic range 0.12
Published: 2017
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22. A method to calibrate measurement instruments to optimize the spectrometer optics for experiment E94-107 at JLab

Author: Pete Markowitz, R. De Leo, Douglas Higinbotham, Franco Garibaldi, G. M. Urciuoli, E. Cisbani, and J.J. LeRose
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Resolution (electron density), Binding energy, 01 natural sciences, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Measuring instrument, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, business, Instrumentation, Excitation
Abstract: A method to calibrate measurement instruments through the fulfillment of physical laws is described. This method is particularly well suited to determine and/or improve magnetic spectrometer optics databases as well as to establish the best resolution achievable with them. This method was applied to obtain the best resolution achievable in the excitation and binding energy spectra of several hypernuclei produced in the experiment E94-107 performed at JLab, allowing us to obtain sub-MeV resolutions.
Published: 2019
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23. Measurement of parity violation in electron–quark scattering

Author: William Bertozzi, A. V. Glamazdin, E. Long, D. S. Armstrong, D. McNulty, Arijit Saha, G. D. Cates, B. Waidyawansa, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, Amrendra Narayan, J. LeRose, R. De Leo, Jongmin Lee, S. Kowalski, J. Roche, Xin Qian, D. J. Margaziotis, J. P. Chen, D. G. Meekins, Vladimir Nelyubin, Douglas Higinbotham, L. Ye, J. Huang, C. E. Hyde, C. M. Sutera, Nuruzzaman, Shalev Gilad, B. P. Quinn, N. Muangma, S. K. Phillips, R. Holmes, E. Cisbani, L. El Fassi, M. M. Dalton, S. K. Nanda, M. Mihovilovic, Kent Paschke, Yujie Qiang, John Arrington, C. W. de Jager, K. A. Aniol, R. J. Holt, K. Rider, K. Pan, P. E. Reimer, A. Giusa, P. M. King, Franco Meddi, Vincent Sulkosky, Fatiha Benmokhtar, Kiadtisak Saenboonruang, B. Sawatzky, R. S. Beminiwattha, R. Silwal, Wouter Deconinck, Nilanga Liyanage, E. Chudakov, F. Garibaldi, Ho-Young Kang, J. O. Hansen, D. Wang, T. Holmstrom, Mustafa Canan, X. Zheng, Kalyan Allada, X. Deng, S. Frullani, Diana Parno, G.V. Russo, B. Zhao, R. Subedi, Jay Benesch, K. E. Myers, Z. Ahmed, C. M. Jen, A. Deur, D. C. Jones, S. Riordan, D. Flay, C. Dutta, R. Michaels, Young Do Oh, William A. Tobias, Abdurahim Rakhman, A. Camsonne, K. Hafidi, G. M. Urciuoli, K. Grimm, V. Bellini, G. B. Franklin, J. G. Rubin, Simon Širca, R. Suleiman, M. Friend, L. Mercado, K. S. Kumar, S. Golge, Jens Erler, A. Shahinyan, Z. E. Meziani, and Paul Souder
Subjects: Physics, Quark, Particle physics, Multidisciplinary, Scattering, Physics beyond the Standard Model, media_common.quotation_subject, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Electroweak interaction, Parity (physics), Electron, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, media_common
Abstract: Symmetry permeates nature and is fundamental to all laws of physics. One example is parity (mirror) symmetry, which implies that flipping left and right does not change the laws of physics. Laws for electromagnetism, gravity and the subatomic strong force respect parity symmetry, but the subatomic weak force does not. Historically, parity violation in electron scattering has been important in establishing (and now testing) the standard model of particle physics. One particular set of quantities accessible through measurements of parity-violating electron scattering are the effective weak couplings C2q, sensitive to the quarks' chirality preference when participating in the weak force, which have been measured directly only once in the past 40 years. Here we report a measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry in electron-quark scattering, which yields a determination of 2C2u - C2d (where u and d denote up and down quarks, respectively) with a precision increased by a factor of five relative to the earlier result. These results provide evidence with greater than 95 per cent confidence that the C2q couplings are non-zero, as predicted by the electroweak theory. They lead to constraints on new parity-violating interactions beyond the standard model, particularly those due to quark chirality. Whereas contemporary particle physics research is focused on high-energy colliders such as the Large Hadron Collider, our results provide specific chirality information on electroweak theory that is difficult to obtain at high energies. Our measurement is relatively free of ambiguity in its interpretation, and opens the door to even more precise measurements in the future.
Published: 2014
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24. High resolution hypernuclear spectroscopy at Jefferson Lab Hall A

Author: Salvatore Frullani, D. J. Millener, E. Cisbani, Pete Markowitz, P. Bydžovský, R. De Leo, G. M. Urciuoli, F. Garibaldi, J. J. LeRose, F. Cusanno, and Mauro Iodice
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Hydrogen, Resolution (electron density), Binding energy, Spectrum (functional analysis), Nuclear structure, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Cathode ray, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, Ground state, Spectroscopy
Abstract: The characteristics of the Jefferson Lab electron beam, together with those of the experimental equipment, offer a unique opportunity to study hypernuclear spectroscopy via electromagnetic induced reactions. Experiment 94-107 started a systematic study on 1p-shell targets, $^{12}C$, $^{9}Be$ and $^{16}O$. For $^{12}C$ for the first time measurable strength in the core-excited part of the spectrum between the ground state and the p state was shown in $^{12}_{\Lambda}B$ spectrum. A high-quality $^{16}_{\Lambda}N$ spectrum was produced for the first time with sub-MeV energy resolution. A very precise $\Lambda$ binding energy value for $^{16}_{\Lambda}N$, calibrated against the elementary $(e,e'K^+)$ reaction on hydrogen, has also been obtained. $^{9}_{\Lambda}Li$ spectrum shows some disagreement in strength for the second and third doublet with respect to the theory., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, HYP2012 conference
Published: 2013
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25. The AX-PET experiment: A demonstrator for an axial Positron Emission Tomograph

Author: P. Weilhammer, C. Casella, Matthieu Heller, E. Nappi, Viviana Fanti, Uygar Tuna, John E. Gillam, A. Rudge, C. Joram, Thomas Schneider, Günther Dissertori, Steinar Stapnes, Werner Lustermann, Felicitas Pauss, Magdalena Rafecas, D. Schinzel, Jacques Séguinot, Josep F. Oliver, E. Chesi, E. Bolle, R. De Leo, Ulla Ruotsalainen, and P. Solevi
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Detector, Photodetector, Image processing, Iterative reconstruction, Particle detector, Lyso, Semiconductor detector, Optics, Silicon photomultiplier, medicine, Medical physics, business, Instrumentation
Abstract: AX-PET stands for a new geometrical concept for a high resolution and high sensitivity PET scanner, based on an axial arrangement of long scintillating crystals in the tomograph, for a parallax free PET detector. Two identical AX-PET modules – consisting of matrices of LYSO crystals interleaved with WLS strips – have been built. They form the AX-PET Demonstrator, which has been extensively characterized and successfully used for the reconstruction of images of several phantoms. In this paper we report on the current status of the project, with emphasis on the most relevant results achieved both in terms of detector characterization and image reconstruction. We also discuss the recent preliminary results obtained with the digital SiPM from Philips (dSiPM), which are currently being tested as a possible alternative photodetector for AX-PET. With their very good intrinsic time resolution, dSiPM could add Time of Flight capability to the AX-PET concept.
Published: 2013
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26. A Monte-Carlo based model of the AX-PET demonstrator and its experimental validation

Author: Josep F. Oliver, P. Weilhammer, Matthieu Heller, Uygar Tuna, Steinar Stapnes, A. Rudge, Thomas Schneider, Viviana Fanti, Marta Lai, Ulla Ruotsalainen, E. Bolle, Jacques Séguinot, John E. Gillam, P. Solevi, Magdalena Rafecas, Werner Lustermann, C. Joram, R. De Leo, E. Chesi, Felicitas Pauss, C. Casella, E. Nappi, Günther Dissertori, and D. Schinzel
Subjects: Photon, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Computer science, Detector, Monte Carlo method, Wavelength shifter, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Computational science, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Positron-Emission Tomography, 0103 physical sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Sensitivity (control systems), Parallax, Monte Carlo Method, Image resolution, Simulation
Abstract: AX-PET is a novel PET detector based on axially oriented crystals and orthogonal wavelength shifter (WLS) strips, both individually read out by silicon photo-multipliers. Its design decouples sensitivity and spatial resolution, by reducing the parallax error due to the layered arrangement of the crystals. Additionally the granularity of AX-PET enhances the capability to track photons within the detector yielding a large fraction of inter-crystal scatter events. These events, if properly processed, can be included in the reconstruction stage further increasing the sensitivity. Its unique features require dedicated Monte-Carlo simulations, enabling the development of the device, interpreting data and allowing the development of reconstruction codes. At the same time the non-conventional design of AX-PET poses several challenges to the simulation and modeling tasks, mostly related to the light transport and distribution within the crystals and WLS strips, as well as the electronics readout. In this work we present a hybrid simulation tool based on an analytical model and a Monte-Carlo based description of the AX-PET demonstrator. It was extensively validated against experimental data, providing excellent agreement.
Published: 2013
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27. Rosenbluth Separation of the π^{0} Electroproduction Cross Section Off the Neutron

Author: M, Mazouz, Z, Ahmed, H, Albataineh, K, Allada, K A, Aniol, V, Bellini, M, Benali, W, Boeglin, P, Bertin, M, Brossard, A, Camsonne, M, Canan, S, Chandavar, C, Chen, J-P, Chen, M, Defurne, C W, de Jager, R, de Leo, C, Desnault, A, Deur, L, El Fassi, R, Ent, D, Flay, M, Friend, E, Fuchey, S, Frullani, F, Garibaldi, D, Gaskell, A, Giusa, O, Glamazdin, S, Golge, J, Gomez, O, Hansen, D, Higinbotham, T, Holmstrom, T, Horn, J, Huang, M, Huang, G M, Huber, C E, Hyde, S, Iqbal, F, Itard, Ho, Kang, Hy, Kang, A, Kelleher, C, Keppel, S, Koirala, I, Korover, J J, LeRose, R, Lindgren, E, Long, M, Magne, J, Mammei, D J, Margaziotis, P, Markowitz, A, Martí Jiménez-Argüello, F, Meddi, D, Meekins, R, Michaels, M, Mihovilovic, N, Muangma, C, Muñoz Camacho, P, Nadel-Turonski, N, Nuruzzaman, R, Paremuzyan, A, Puckett, V, Punjabi, Y, Qiang, A, Rakhman, M N H, Rashad, S, Riordan, J, Roche, G, Russo, F, Sabatié, K, Saenboonruang, A, Saha, B, Sawatzky, L, Selvy, A, Shahinyan, S, Sirca, P, Solvignon, M L, Sperduto, R, Subedi, V, Sulkosky, C, Sutera, W A, Tobias, G M, Urciuoli, D, Wang, B, Wojtsekhowski, H, Yao, Z, Ye, L, Zana, X, Zhan, J, Zhang, B, Zhao, Z, Zhao, X, Zheng, and P, Zhu
Abstract: We report the first longitudinal-transverse separation of the deeply virtual exclusive π^{0} electroproduction cross section off the neutron and coherent deuteron. The corresponding four structure functions dσ_{L}/dt, dσ_{T}/dt, dσ_{LT}/dt, and dσ_{TT}/dt are extracted as a function of the momentum transfer to the recoil system at Q^{2}=1.75 GeV^{2} and x_{B}=0.36. The ed→edπ^{0} cross sections are found compatible with the small values expected from theoretical models. The en→enπ^{0} cross sections show a dominance from the response to transversely polarized photons, and are in good agreement with calculations based on the transversity generalized parton distributions of the nucleon. By combining these results with previous measurements of π^{0} electroproduction off the proton, we present a flavor decomposition of the u and d quark contributions to the cross section.
Published: 2017

28. A glimpse of gluons through deeply virtual compton scattering on the proton

Author: J. Huang, S. Riordan, M. Brossard, I. Korover, N. Nuruzzaman, S. Golge, H. Al-Bataineh, P. Bertin, William A. Tobias, Abdurahim Rakhman, H. Kang, H. Yao, A. Camsonne, Franco Meddi, Yujie Qiang, M. Huang, A. Kelleher, A. Martí Jiménez-Argüello, S. Koirala, Kiadtisak Saenboonruang, D. J. Margaziotis, Andrew Puckett, T. Horn, E. Fuchey, G.V. Russo, R. Ent, Z. W. Zhao, Z. Ye, S. Chandavar, J. LeRose, R. De Leo, O. Glamazdin, Olfred Hansen, E. Long, F. Garibaldi, V. Bellini, L. Selvy, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, M. N. H. Rashad, R. A. Lindgren, Cynthia Keppel, P. Markowitz, Jian-Ping Chen, X. Zhan, M. Mihovilovic, Juliette Mammei, Arijit Saha, J. Gomez, V. A. Punjabi, S. Frullani, P. Nadel-Turonski, Alexandre Deur, K. A. Aniol, Chunhui Chen, S. Širca, D. Wang, F. Sabatié, X. Zheng, R. Paremuzyan, Ping Zhu, Mustafa Canan, Kalyan Allada, R. Michaels, D. G. Meekins, C. M. Sutera, M. L. Sperduto, M. Magne, Charles Hyde, B. Zhao, D. Flay, P. Solvignon, L. El Fassi, W. U. Boeglin, M. Defurne, M. Mazouz, Jie Zhang, B. Sawatzky, M. Benali, C. Desnault, Vincent Sulkosky, S. Iqbal, F. Itard, J. Roche, M. Friend, T. Holmstrom, D. Gaskell, Douglas Higinbotham, A. Giusa, A. Shahinyan, C. W. de Jager, C. Muñoz Camacho, Z. Ahmed, G. M. Urciuoli, R. Subedi, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers ( IRFU ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay ( IPNO ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont ( LPC ), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Photon, Proton, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Nuclear Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, Virtual particle, parton: distribution function, Biochemistry, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], p: structure function, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), [ PHYS.NEXP ] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], lcsh:Science, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, energy: high, Multidisciplinary, strong interaction, Chemistry (all), Compton scattering: form factor, photon: energy spectrum, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, confinement, +electron+p+photon%22">electron p --> electron p photon, channel cross section: measured, Quark, electron p: deep inelastic scattering, Particle physics, electron: polarized beam, Science, Strong interaction, FOS: Physical sciences, Bethe-Heitler, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, energy dependence, quark, Physics and Astronomy (all), [ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], photon: emission, deeply virtual Compton scattering, 0103 physical sciences, structure, 010306 general physics, quantum mechanics: interference, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Compton scattering, General Chemistry, gluon, sensitivity, Gluon, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Quark–gluon plasma, lcsh:Q, [ PHYS.HPHE ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], High Energy Physics::Experiment, holography, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), photon: virtual, experimental results
Abstract: The internal structure of nucleons (protons and neutrons) remains one of the greatest outstanding problems in modern nuclear physics. By scattering high-energy electrons off a proton we are able to resolve its fundamental constituents and probe their momenta and positions. Here we investigate the dynamics of quarks and gluons inside nucleons using deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS)—a highly virtual photon scatters off the proton, which subsequently radiates a photon. DVCS interferes with the Bethe-Heitler (BH) process, where the photon is emitted by the electron rather than the proton. We report herein the full determination of the BH-DVCS interference by exploiting the distinct energy dependences of the DVCS and BH amplitudes. In the regime where the scattering is expected to occur off a single quark, measurements show an intriguing sensitivity to gluons, the carriers of the strong interaction., It remains a challenge to find the structure and the distribution of the constituents of nucleons. Here the authors use a scattering method to get information about the gluons and quarks inside a proton and separate the contribution of Bethe-Heitler from the deeply virtual Compton scattering process.
Published: 2017
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29. Electroproduction of K+ Λ at JLab Hall-C

Author: P. Baturin, V. Tadevosyan, E. Christy, C. Samanta, L. Tang, T. Seva, D. Doi, L. Zhu, P. Achenbach, M. Kohl, Osamu Hashimoto, A. Mkrtchyan, S. Kato, D. Kawama, Masashi Kaneta, P. Carter, N. Taniya, A. Gasparian, A. Margaryan, K. Yokota, S. Danagoulian, M. Kawai, L. Gan, L. Ya, Tomofumi Maruta, A. Chiba, M. Gabrielyan, B. Hu, M. Jones, M. Elaasar, Ed. V. Hungerford, M. Furic, M. Veilleux, Y. Okayasu, M. I. Niculescu, R. Asaturyan, G. Niculescu, T. Petkovic, H. Mkrtchyan, Y. Fujii, R. De Leo, O. Ates, A. Narayan, C. Chen, A. Liyanage, J. Reinhold, Hiroki Kanda, F. R. Wesselmann, A. Nunez, Kazushige Maeda, X. Qiu, R. Badui, I. Albayrak, M. Dalton, B. Sawatzky, W. Luo, V. M. Rodriguez, A. Asaturyan, Satoshi Nakamura, R. Ent, W. Vulcan, V. Maxwell, S. A. Wood, A. Shichijo, Kyo Tsukada, T. Horn, F. Garibaldi, Z. Ye, P. Markowitz, J. Pochodzalla, H. Khanal, E. Brash, D. Androic, W. Boeglin, C. Neville, T. O. Yamamoto, A. Ahmidouch, A. Matsumura, Toshiyuki Gogami, Sho Nagao, S. Zhamkochyan, L. Yuan, D. Gaskell, Nuruzzaman, and J. Bono
Subjects: Mass number, Scattering cross-section, Nuclear physics, Physics, Particle physics, Proton, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: A Λ hypernuclear spectroscopic experiment, JLab E05-115 was performed at JLab Hall-C in 2009 by the (e, e′K+) reaction. Data of Λ hypernuclei with mass numbers from A = 7 to A = 52 were successfully taken, and the analyses are in progress. A polyethylene (CH2) target was used as a proton target to calibrate energy scales, and to study elementary process of the p(e, e′K+)Λ, Σ0 reaction. A preliminary differential cross section of K+ Λ electro-production at low Q2 [~0.01 (GeV/c)2] and at small kaon angles $${({\rm cos} \theta_{\rm K}^{\rm CM} \sim 0.97)}$$ is reported in the present article.
Published: 2013
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30. Spectroscopy of the neutron-rich hypernucleusHeΛ7from electron scattering

Author: Pavlo Baturin, D. Kawama, S. N. Nakamura, Tomislav Petković, S. A. Wood, M. Veilleux, W. Luo, V. Tadevosyan, C. Neville, T. O. Yamamoto, B. S. Hu, R. A. Badui, Ashot Gasparian, M. Y. Gabrielyan, E. J. Brash, M. Kawai, T. Horn, L. Ya, Michael Kohl, J. Pochodzalla, A. Shichijo, B. Sawatzky, Masashi Kaneta, F. Garibaldi, W. U. Boeglin, Nuruzzaman, Patrick Achenbach, E. Christy, I. Albayrak, L. Zhu, W. F. Vulcan, Kazushige Maeda, Rolf Ent, M. Fujita, Y. Han, J. Bono, Chhanda Samanta, Hiroki Kanda, Y. Okayasu, K. Yokota, L. G. Tang, O. Ates, Z. Ye, S. Danagoulian, A. Chiba, V. Maxwell, A. Nunez, Ed V. Hungerford, Miroslav Furić, G. Niculescu, M. Elaasar, Tomofumi Maruta, Osamu Hashimoto, A. Mkrtchyan, Chunhui Chen, N. Taniya, Seigo Kato, A. Liyanage, Kyo Tsukada, H. Khanal, A. Asaturyan, F. R. Wesselmann, R. Asaturyan, Pete Markowitz, L. Yuan, L. Gan, R. De Leo, D. Doi, H. Mkrtchyan, A. Ahmidouch, T. Seva, Y. Fujii, Amur Margaryan, Darko Androić, A. Matsumura, Toshiyuki Gogami, S. Zhamkochyan, J. Reinhold, Sho Nagao, X. Qiu, M. K. Jones, M. I. Niculescu, V. M. Rodriguez, P. Carter, Amrendra Narayan, and D. Gaskell
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Neutron emission, Binding energy, Hypernucleus, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Symmetry breaking, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Wave function, Spectroscopy, Electron scattering
Abstract: The missing mass spectroscopy of the HeΛ7 hypernucleus was performed using the Li7(e, e ′K+)HeΛ7 reaction at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Hall C. The Λ- binding energy of the ground-state (1/2+) was determined with a smaller error than that of the previous measurement, being BΛ=5.55±0.10stat.±0.11sys.MeV. The experiment also provided new insight into charge symmetry breaking in p-shell hypernuclear systems. Finally, a peak at BΛ=3.65±0.20stat. ±0.11sys.MeV was observed and assigned as a mixture of 3/2+ and 5/2+ states, confirming the "gluelike" behavior of Λ, which makes an unstable state in He6 stable against neutron emission.
Published: 2016
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31. Rosenbluth Separation of the π^{0} Electroproduction Cross Section

Author: M. Brossard, E. Long, William A. Tobias, A. Kelleher, A. Saha, D. J. Margaziotis, Pete Markowitz, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, D. G. Meekins, R. Subedi, O. Glamazdin, Chunhui Chen, S. Chandavar, C. M. Sutera, F. Sabatié, R. De Leo, Olfred Hansen, Maxime Defurne, J. P. Chen, Kiadtisak Saenboonruang, L. El Fassi, W. U. Boeglin, N. Nuruzzaman, B. Sawatzky, Abdurahim Rakhman, S. Golge, M. Magne, M. N. H. Rashad, J. Huang, G. M. Urciuoli, M. Friend, S. Koirala, A. Martí Jiménez-Argüello, S. Riordan, C. W. de Jager, K. A. Aniol, P. Nadel-Turonski, Yujie Qiang, H. Yao, R. A. Lindgren, J. J. LeRose, Andrew Puckett, A. Deur, C. E. Hyde, I. Korover, R. Michaels, Cynthia Keppel, X. Zhan, Z. W. Zhao, Z. Ye, E. Fuchey, Jie Zhang, V. A. Punjabi, P.Y. Bertin, C. Desnault, H. Albataineh, P. Zhu, M. Mazouz, Z. Ahmed, Ho. Kang, G.V. Russo, L. Selvy, R. Paremuzyan, D. Flay, X. Zheng, S. Frullani, V. Bellini, L. Zana, M. Huang, Simon Širca, G. M. Huber, F. Garibaldi, H. Kang, M. Benali, A. Camsonne, Vincent Sulkosky, Juliette Mammei, Franco Meddi, Rolf Ent, J. Roche, D. Gaskell, J. Gomez, M. L. Sperduto, A. Shahinyan, P. Solvignon, Mustafa Canan, Kalyan Allada, M. Mihovilovic, N. Muangma, S. Iqbal, D. Wang, Douglas Higinbotham, F. Itard, T. Holmstrom, C. Muñoz Camacho, B. Zhao, A. Giusa, Tanja Horn, Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Jefferson Lab Hall A
Subjects: Particle physics, longitudinal, interference, General Physics and Astronomy, parton: distribution function, Parton, hard exclusive electroproduction, mesons, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, pi: distribution amplitude, generalized parton distribution: transversity, Pion, deep inelastic scattering, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], quantum chromodynamics: perturbation theory, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, scattering amplitude, momentum transfer, Sigma, nucleon: generalized parton distribution, Scattering amplitude, transverse, Distribution (mathematics), Amplitude, pi0: electroproduction, twist, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nucleon, channel cross section: measured, Jefferson Lab, experimental results
Abstract: We present deeply virtual $\pi^0$ electroproduction cross-section measurements at $x_B$=0.36 and three different $Q^2$--values ranging from 1.5 to 2 GeV$^2$, obtained from experiment E07-007 that ran in the Hall A at Jefferson Lab. The Rosenbluth technique was used to separate the longitudinal and transverse responses. Results demonstrate that the cross section is dominated by its transverse component, and thus is far from the asymptotic limit predicted by perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics. An indication of a non-zero longitudinal contribution is provided by the interference term $\sigma_{LT}$ also measured. Results are compared with several models based on the leading twist approach of Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs). In particular, a fair agreement is obtained with models where the scattering amplitude is described by a convolution of chiral-odd (transversity) GPDs of the nucleon with the twist-3 pion distribution amplitude. Therefore, neutral pion electroproduction may offer the exciting possibility of accessing transversity GPDs through experiment., Comment: Submitted to Physical Review Letters
Published: 2016
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32. High resolution spectroscopic study ofBeΛ10

Author: L. Gan, T. Horn, X. Qiu, S. Danagoulian, Osamu Hashimoto, Chhanda Samanta, H. Khanal, F. R. Wesselmann, N. Taniya, V.M. Rodriguez, [No Value] Nuruzzaman, Kazushige Maeda, Ed V. Hungerford, W. U. Boeglin, M. Fujita, F. Garibaldi, J. Bono, Hiroki Kanda, Satoshi Nakamura, B. S. Hu, Pavlo Baturin, Patrick Achenbach, V. Maxwell, Z. Ye, E. J. Brash, Kyo Tsukada, L. Y. Zhu, Y. Fujii, Amur Margaryan, Y. Okayasu, V. Tadevosyan, S. A. Wood, A. Chiba, O. Ates, W. F. Vulcan, T. O. Yamamoto, L. Ya, Seigo Kato, P. Carter, M. Elaasar, B. Sawatzky, A. Liyanage, Masashi Kaneta, M. K. Jones, Miroslav Furić, Tomofumi Maruta, E. Christy, L. Yuan, A. Mkrtchyan, M. I. Niculescu, Chunhui Chen, D. Kawama, I. Albayrak, Amrendra Narayan, D. Gaskell, Y. Han, K. Yokota, R. Asaturyan, Pete Markowitz, A. Ahmidouch, R. De Leo, D. Doi, A. Asaturyan, H. Mkrtchyan, T. Seva, Darko Androić, A. Matsumura, Ashot Gasparian, Toshiyuki Gogami, Joerg Reinhold, A. Nunez, G. Niculescu, S. Zhamkochyan, C. Neville, L. Tang, J. Pochodzalla, Rolf Ent, Sho Nagao, M. Y. Gabrielyan, Michael Kohl, A. Shichijo, M. Veilleux, Tomislav Petković, W. Luo, R. A. Badui, and M. Kawai
Subjects: Physics, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Binding energy, Resolution (electron density), Hypernucleus, Lambda, 01 natural sciences, Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Ground state
Abstract: Spectroscopy of a Be-10(Lambda) hypernucleus was carried out at JLab Hall C using the (e, e' K+) reaction. A new magnetic spectrometer system (SPL+ HES+ HKS), specifically designed for high resolution hypernuclear spectroscopy, was used to obtain an energy spectrum with a resolution of similar to 0.78 MeV (FWHM). The well-calibrated spectrometer system of the present experiment using p(e, e' K+)Lambda, Sigma(0) reactions allowed us to determine the energy levels; and the binding energy of the ground-state peak (mixture of 1(-) and 2(-) states) was found to be B-Lambda = 8.55 +/- 0.07(stat.) +/- 0.11(sys.) MeV. The result indicates that the ground-state energy is shallower than that of an emulsion study by about 0.5 MeV which provides valuable experimental information on the charge symmetry breaking effect in the Lambda N interaction.
Published: 2016
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33. Erratum to: Spin density matrix elements in exclusive $$\omega $$ electroproduction on $$^1$$H and $$^2$$H targets at 27.5 GeV beam energy

Author: P. E. Reimer, V. A. Kozlov, P. F. Dalpiaz, T. A. Shibata, B. Marianski, V. Bryzgalov, E. De Sanctis, V. Gharibyan, D. Hasch, G. Schnell, Morgan Murray, L. Felawka, F. Garibaldi, C. Riedl, W.-D. Nowak, G. Ciullo, L. Lagamba, G. P. Capitani, S. Joosten, A. Kisselev, C. Van Hulse, Wouter Deconinck, Luciano Pappalardo, Y. Van Haarlem, H. P. Blok, Z. Akopov, Michael Tytgat, E. Cisbani, Wolfgang Lorenzon, E. Etzelmüller, D. Zeiler, Frank Ellinghaus, Ivana Hristova, J. J. M. Steijger, Riccardo Fabbri, S. Yaschenko, Michael Düren, M. Ehrenfried, S. Taroian, B. Zihlmann, Y. J. Mao, P. Zupranski, M. Statera, A. R. Reolon, E. R. Kinney, Y. Naryshkin, V. A. Korotkov, Alexander Borissov, M. Capiluppi, B. Seitz, M. Diefenthaler, A. Movsisyan, H. Marukyan, A. Nass, I. Vilardi, R. Perez-Benito, G. Elbakian, B. Q. Ma, S. I. Manaenkov, Adel Terkulov, P. Di Nezza, R. Truty, M. Contalbrigo, R. De Leo, A. Airapetian, D. Gabbert, P. Kravchenko, Klaus Rith, A. Petrosyan, M. Hartig, S. Frullani, Dirk Ryckbosch, H. E. Jackson, V. G. Krivokhijine, S. Yen, A. Ivanilov, Ralf Kaiser, M. Stahl, L. Lapikás, E. Steffens, G. Gavrilov, David Mahon, Andreas Schäfer, I. Lehmann, V. A. Gapienko, T. Keri, V. Vikhrov, K. P. Schüler, Y. Holler, N. Akopov, G. Karyan, Shan Wang, A. Rostomyan, A. Avetissian, G. Gapienko, P. Lenisa, A. Trzcinski, W. Augustyniak, and M. Stancari
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Matrix (mathematics), Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, Spin density, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences, Engineering (miscellaneous), Omega, Beam energy
Published: 2016
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34. AX-PET: A novel PET concept with G-APD readout

Author: Thomas Schneider, P. Weilhammer, John E. Gillam, Günther Dissertori, Felicitas Pauss, Josep F. Oliver, E. Bolle, Jacques Séguinot, D. Schinzel, Matthieu Heller, P. Solevi, Werner Lustermann, A. Rudge, Viviana Fanti, C. Casella, E. Nappi, Magdalena Rafecas, Uygar Tuna, R. De Leo, C. Joram, U. Ruotsalainen, Steinar Stapnes, and E. Chesi
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Physics::Medical Physics, Detector, Compton scattering, Field of view, Lyso, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, Silicon photomultiplier, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Tomography, business, Instrumentation, Image resolution
Abstract: The AX-PET collaboration has developed a novel concept for high resolution PET imaging to overcome some of the performance limitations of classical PET cameras, in particular the compromise between spatial resolution and sensitivity introduced by the parallax error. The detector consists of an arrangement of long LYSO scintillating crystals axially oriented around the field of view together with arrays of wave length shifter strips orthogonal to the crystals. This matrix allows a precise 3D measurement of the photon interaction point. This is valid both for photoelectric absorption at 511 keV and for Compton scattering down to deposited energies of about 100 keV. Crystals and WLS strips are individually read out using Geiger-mode Avalanche Photo Diodes (G-APDs). The sensitivity of such a detector can be adjusted by changing the number of layers and the resolution is defined by the crystal and strip dimensions. Two AX-PET modules were built and fully characterized in dedicated test set-ups at CERN, with point-like 22 Na sources. Their performance in terms of energy ( R energy ≈ 11.8 % (FWMH) at 511 keV) and spatial resolution was assessed ( σ axial ≈ 0.65 mm ), both individually and for the two modules in coincidence. Test campaigns at ETH Zurich and at the company AAA allowed the tomographic reconstructions of more complex phantoms validating the 3D reconstruction algorithms. The concept of the AX-PET modules will be presented together with some characterization results. We describe a count rate model which allows to optimize the planing of the tomographic scans.
Published: 2012
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35. BRCA mutational status to personalize upfront management in high-grade serous advanced ovarian cancer: A multicenter study

Author: Ettore Capoluongo, Giovanni Scambia, Pierluigi Benedetti-Panici, Ida Paris, R. De Leo, Anna Fagotti, Marco Petrillo, Claudia Marchetti, and Angela Musella
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Advanced ovarian cancer, business.industry, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 03 medical and health sciences, Serous fluid, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Multicenter study, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Internal medicine, medicine, Mutational status, business
Published: 2017
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36. High-precision measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio μpGE/GM at low Q2

Author: F. Itard, P. E. Reimer, T. Holmstrom, William Bertozzi, John Arrington, S. Choi, A. Saha, Kalyan Allada, C. Dutta, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, S. Strauch, Ronald Ransome, Xin Qian, Ishay Pomerantz, D. G. Meekins, X. Zhan, S. Riordan, R. Shneor, M. H. Shabestari, I. Vilardi, P. Solvignon, R. De Leo, W. U. Boeglin, R. Subedi, D. J. Margaziotis, R. Michaels, R. J. Holt, E. Piasetzky, J. P. Chen, M. Olson, B. Hahn, J. Glister, A. J. Sarty, E. Schulte, Simon Širca, J. Huang, Yujie Qiang, G. M. Huber, F. Garibaldi, K. Chirapatpimol, K. Hafidi, E. Chudakov, Yingxiao Wang, M. Johnson, S. May-Tal Beck, E. Cisbani, J. O. Hansen, Abdurahim Rakhman, Nikolaos Sparveris, Shalev Gilad, E. Fuchey, C. W. de Jager, Z. Ye, B. E. Norum, Y. Zhang, X. Jiang, E. Long, D. S. Armstrong, J. Reinhold, S. Frullani, D. Protopopescu, B. Moffit, A. Shahinyan, Douglas Higinbotham, R. A. Lindgren, J. J. LeRose, Guy Ron, Joseph M. Katich, B. Sawatzky, Vincent Sulkosky, P. Decowski, and Ronald Gilman
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Recoil, Proton, Hydrogen, chemistry, Charge radius, chemistry.chemical_element, Electron, Atomic physics, Polarization (waves), Exotic atom, Lamb shift
Abstract: We report a new, high-precision measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio μ p G E / G M for the four-momentum transfer squared Q 2 = 0.3 – 0.7 ( GeV / c ) 2 . The measurement was performed at Jefferson Lab (JLab) in Hall A using recoil polarimetry. With a total uncertainty of approximately 1%, the new data clearly show that the deviation of the ratio μ p G E / G M from unity observed in previous polarization measurements at high Q 2 continues down to the lowest Q 2 value of this measurement. The updated global fit that includes the new results yields an electric (magnetic) form factor roughly 2% smaller (1% larger) than the previous global fit in this Q 2 range. We obtain new extractions of the proton electric and magnetic radii, which are 〈 r E 2 〉 1 / 2 = 0.875 ± 0.010 fm and 〈 r M 2 〉 1 / 2 = 0.867 ± 0.020 fm . The charge radius is consistent with other recent extractions based on the electron–proton interaction, including the atomic hydrogen Lamb shift measurements, which suggests a missing correction in the comparison of measurements of the proton charge radius using electron probes and the recent extraction from the muonic hydrogen Lamb shift.
Published: 2011
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37. The AX-PET demonstrator—Design, construction and characterization

Author: Matthieu Heller, H. Kagan, Günther Dissertori, J. Seguinot, Francesca Nessi-Tedaldi, Josep F. Oliver, R. De Leo, Steinar Stapnes, C. Casella, P. Solevi, A. Rudge, D. Schinzel, Werner Lustermann, P. Beltrame, E. Nappi, Viviana Fanti, Dieter Renker, Franco Meddi, L. Djambazov, P. Weilhammer, E. Chesi, E. Bolle, Magdalena Rafecas, C. Joram, Neal H. Clinthorne, Thomas Schneider, Felicitas Pauss, and A. Braem
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Physics::Medical Physics, Detector, Phase (waves), STRIPS, Lyso, law.invention, Silicon photomultiplier, Data acquisition, Optics, Cardinal point, pet, axial geometry, brain, scanner, sipm, detector, geiger-mode avalanche photo diodes (g-apd), law, business, Instrumentation, Diode
Abstract: Axial PET is a novel geometrical concept for Positron Emission Tomography (PET), based on layers of long scintillating crystals axially aligned with the bore axis. The axial coordinate is obtained from arrays of wavelength shifting (WLS) plastic strips placed orthogonally to the crystals. This article describes the design, construction and performance evaluation of a demonstrator set-up which consists of two identical detector modules, used in coincidence. Each module comprises 48 LYSO crystals of 100 mm length and 156 WLS strips. Crystals and strips are readout by Geiger-mode Avalanche Photo Diodes (G-APDs). The signals from the two modules are processed by fully analog front-end electronics and recorded in coincidence by a VME-based data acquisition system. Measurements with point-like 22 Na sources, with the modules used both individually and in coincidence mode, allowed for a complete performance evaluation up to the focal plane reconstruction of point sources. The results obtained are in good agreement with expectations and proved the set-up to be ready for the next evaluation phase with PET phantoms filled with radiotracers.
Published: 2011
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38. Construction and tests of demonstrator modules for a 3-D axial PET system for brain or small animal imaging

Author: Franco Meddi, E. Bolle, Ian Johnson, Magdalena Rafecas, Günther Dissertori, Steinar Stapnes, Jacques Séguinot, K. Honscheid, E. Chesi, Werner Lustermann, G. Djambazov, C. Joram, H. Kagan, P. Pauss, D. Schinzel, Viviana Fanti, Neal H. Clinthorne, A. Rudge, Francesca Nessi-Tedaldi, Eric W. Cochran, C. Casella, R. De Leo, E. Nappi, Thomas Schneider, P. Weilhammer, S.S. Huh, P. Beltrame, Dieter Renker, A. Braem, P. Solevi, S. Smith, and Josep F. Oliver
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Resolution (electron density), Field of view, STRIPS, 3-d, axial, coordinate, pet, scintillation crystal, sipm, wave-length shifter, law.invention, Transverse plane, Optics, Silicon photomultiplier, law, Sensitivity (control systems), business, Instrumentation, Energy (signal processing), Camera module
Abstract: The design and construction of a PET camera module with high sensitivity, full 3-D spatial reconstruction and very good energy resolution is presented. The basic principle consists of an axial arrangement of long scintillation crystals around the Field Of View (FOV), providing a measurement of the transverse coordinates of the interacting 511 keV gamma ray. On top of each layer of crystals, an array of Wave-Length Shifter (WLS) strips, which collect the light leaving the crystals sideways, is positioned orthogonal to the crystal direction. The signals in the WLS strips allow a precise measurement of the z (axial) co-ordinate of the 511 keV γ-ray gamma impact. The construction of two modules used for demonstration of the concept is described. First preliminary results on spatial and energy resolution from one full module will be shown.
Published: 2011
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39. Hypernuclear Spectroscopy at JLab Hall C

Author: L. Gan, Pavlo Baturin, M. K. Jones, Yoichi Sato, W. F. Vulcan, X. Yan, P. Achenback, Y. Zhang, T. Horn, A. Chiba, I. Niculescu, S. Wells, H. C. Fenker, Y. Ye, T. Yamamoto, I. Albayrak, W. U. Boeglin, Toshio Motoba, L. G. Tang, Amur Margaryan, A. Asaturyan, Osamu Hashimoto, F. Cusanno, A. Liyanage, Brian Raue, Masashi Kaneta, L. Yuan, O. Ates, Chhanda Samanta, G. M. Uuciuoli, Hirokazu Tamura, N. Taniya, Rolf Ent, T. Walton, C. Johnston, D. Gaskell, J. Feng, Ashot Gasparian, L. Zhu, Hiroki Kanda, Miroslav Furić, Satoshi Nakamura, Pete Markowitz, J. Zhou, V. Tadevosyan, Chunhui Chen, B. Hu, C. E. Keppel, Ed V. Hungerford, K. Yokota, R. De Leo, D. Doi, Yu Fujii, F. Garibaldi, J. Pochodzala, A. Ahmidouch, Y. Fu, Hong Lu, Z. Ye, H. Mkrtchyan, W. Wang, G. Niculescu, Kazushige Maeda, T. Seva, Yi Jiang, Y. Li, S. A. Wood, J. Shen, Neven Simicevic, S. Danagoulian, Sho Nagao, X. Zhang, V.M. Rodriguez, F. R. Wesselmann, Emiko Hiyama, Michael Kohl, Darko Androić, A. Matsumura, A. Shichijo, Toshiyuki Gogami, M. E. Christy, G. R. Smith, J. Reinhold, M. Elaasar, Hiroyuki Noumi, S. Dhamija, S. Maronne, Tomislav Petković, Tomofumi Maruta, D. Kawama, A. Mkrtchyan, Seigo Kato, S. Zhou, E. Cisbani, and T. Takahashi
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Full width at half maximum, Luminosity (scattering theory), Electron spectrometer, Spectrometer, Resolution (electron density), Calibration, hypernuclear, electroproduction, kaon spectrometer, electron spectrometer, Spectroscopy, Spectral line
Abstract: Since the 1st generation experiment, E89-009, which was successfully carried out as a pilot experiment of (e,e'K+) hypernuclear spectroscopy at JLab Hall C in 2000, precision hypernuclear spectroscopy by the (e,e'K+) reactions made considerable progress. It has evolved to the 2nd generation experiment, E01-011, in which a newly constructed high resolution kaon spectrometer (HKS) was installed and the “Tilt method” was adopted in order to suppress large electromagnetic background and to run with high luminosity. Preliminary high-resolution spectra of 7 Λ He and 28 Λ Al together with that of 12 Λ B that achieved resolution better than 500 keV(FWHM) were obtained. The third generation experiment, E05-115, has completed data taking with an experimental setup combining a new splitter magnet, high resolution electron spectrometer (HES) and the HKS used in the 2nd generation experiment. The data were accumulated with targets of 7 Li, 9 Be, 10 B, 12 C and 52 Cr as well as with those of CH 2 and H 2 O for calibration. The analysis is under way with particular emphasis of determining precision absolute hypernuclear masses. In this article, hypernuclear spectroscopy program in the wide mass range at JLab Hall C that has undergone three generation is described.
Published: 2010
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40. Transverse momentum broadening of hadrons produced in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering on nuclei

Author: V. A. Korotkov, Wouter Deconinck, T. Keri, G. Elbakian, W.-D. Nowak, M. Hartig, S. Frullani, P. Di Nezza, D. Veretennikov, S. I. Manaenkov, Alessandra Fantoni, V. A. Gapienko, Cynthia Marie Hadjidakis, M. Hoek, Y. Miyachi, L. Manfré, A. Martinez de la Ossa, A. López Ruiz, P. E. Reimer, T. A. Shibata, G. Hill, A. Nass, F. Sanftl, V. Vikhrov, D. Hasch, M. Statera, Y. Van Haarlem, S. Belostotski, M. Capiluppi, V. Bryzgalov, D. Zeiler, C. Vogel, Xianguo Lu, M. Negodaev, W. Augustyniak, Ferdinando Giordano, M. Diefenthaler, H. Marukyan, H. S. Jo, B. Seitz, E. Nappi, Vitaly Shutov, H. P. Blok, A. Hillenbrand, Y. Imazu, J. Burns, David Mahon, Stephen V. Gliske, P. B. van der Nat, Morgan Murray, Wolfgang Lorenzon, Andreas Schäfer, L. Felawka, Frank Ellinghaus, Y. Salomatin, N. Akopov, E. R. Kinney, B. Marianski, E. De Sanctis, Ivana Hristova, L. Lagamba, Y. Naryshkin, J. J. M. Steijger, Michael Düren, M. Stancari, S. Yaschenko, C. Bonomo, E. Cisbani, H. E. Jackson, G. P. Capitani, R. Perez-Benito, B. Q. Ma, F. Garibaldi, P. F. Dalpiaz, R. Lamb, B. Ball, K. Rith, Z. Akopov, R. De Leo, Shan Wang, W. Yu, P. Lenisa, L. De Nardo, A. Trzcinski, Zhenyu Ye, J. Dreschler, I. Vilardi, H. Böttcher, V. Gharibyan, C. Riedl, Andreas Mussgiller, A. Rostomyan, A. R. Reolon, A. Avetissian, G. Ciullo, Arne Vandenbroucke, Riccardo Fabbri, E. Avetisyan, S. Joosten, A. Kisselev, V. Kozlov, A. Jgoun, J. G. Rubin, I. Lehmann, K. P. Schüler, Nicola Bianchi, P. Zupranski, L. A. Linden-Levy, J. Stewart, G. Rosner, A. Airapetian, F. Stinzing, G. Schnell, L. Lapikás, Valeria Muccifora, M. Contalbrigo, Hengqiang Ye, B. Zihlmann, L. L. Pappalardo, Martin Raithel, Alexander Borissov, Hasko Stenzel, Michael Tytgat, E. C. Aschenauer, S. Taroian, C. A. Miller, D. Gabbert, Ralf Kaiser, M. Ehrenfried, E. Steffens, N. C. R. Makins, N. Pickert, Dirk Ryckbosch, A. Movsisyan, Y. Holler, G. Karyan, Y. J. Mao, P. Kravchenko, X. R. Lu, C. B. Van Hulse, and A. Ivanilov
Subjects: HERMES experiment, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, DEUTERIUM, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, Virtual particle, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), TARGETS, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, HADRONIZATION, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Mass number, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, HERA, Deep inelastic scattering, Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, FRAGMENTATION, Lepton
Abstract: The first direct measurement of the dependence on target nuclear mass of the average squared transverse momentum of pi+, pi-, and K+ mesons from deep-inelastic lepton scattering is obtained as a function of several kinematic variables. The data were accumulated at the HERMES experiment at DESY, in which the HERA 27.6 GeV lepton beam was scattered off several nuclear gas targets. The average squared transverse momentum was clearly observed to increase with atomic mass number. The effect increases as a function of Q**2 and x and remains constant as a function of both the virtual photon energy nu and the fractional hadron energy z, except that it vanishes as z approaches unity., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures
Published: 2010
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41. Single-spin azimuthal asymmetry in exclusive electroproduction of π+ mesons on transversely polarized protons

Author: P. Lenisa, A. Trzcinski, S. Belostotski, Xianguo Lu, V. Bryzgalov, Wouter Deconinck, Adel Terkulov, J. J. M. Steijger, W. Augustyniak, I. Vilardi, Y. Holler, V. A. Korotkov, M. Varanda, R. Perez-Benito, M. Contalbrigo, David Mahon, Morgan Murray, J. Stewart, C. Riedl, Andreas Schäfer, Michael Tytgat, T. A. Shibata, B. Zihlmann, L. L. Pappalardo, C. B. Van Hulse, S. Taroian, D. Veretennikov, Hengqiang Ye, V. A. Gapienko, A. Ivanilov, C. Bonomo, E. Cisbani, Alexander Borissov, Hasko Stenzel, A. Airapetian, B. Seitz, E. C. Aschenauer, N. Akopov, F. Giordano, T. Keri, Vitaly Shutov, H. P. Blok, Naomi C R Makins, Y. J. Mao, P. Kravchenko, G. Elbakian, Y. Naryshkin, Wolfgang Lorenzon, M. Capiluppi, Valeria Muccifora, E. Avetisyan, S. I. Manaenkov, Dirk Ryckbosch, J. Burns, G. Ciullo, Ivana Hristova, S. Yaschenko, Frank Ellinghaus, Stephen V. Gliske, E. R. Kinney, V. Vikhrov, A. Hillenbrand, Y. Imazu, L. Felawka, P. B. van der Nat, A. Movsisyan, F. Sanftl, P. Zupranski, S. Yen, K. Rith, W.-D. Nowak, G. P. Capitani, Ralf Kaiser, M. Ehrenfried, M. Statera, J. Dreschler, D. Zeiler, L. Manfré, G. Rosner, R. Lamb, G. Hill, C. Vogel, E. De Sanctis, L. Lagamba, Eugenio Nappi, Z. Akopov, Nagao Kobayashi, F. Garibaldi, C. A. Miller, X. R. Lu, W. Yu, D. Gabbert, M. Diefenthaler, H. Marukyan, P. E. Reimer, Alessandra Fantoni, M. Hoek, H. S. Jo, A. Nass, H. E. Jackson, Shan Wang, Y. Salomatin, A. Rostomyan, A. R. Reolon, B. Q. Ma, A. Avetissian, B. Ball, R. De Leo, H. Böttcher, Andreas Mussgiller, A. López Ruiz, Y. Van Haarlem, B. Martinez de la Ossa, Michael Düren, M. Stancari, M. Hartig, S. Frullani, P. Di Nezza, Cynthia Marie Hadjidakis, Y. Miyachi, D. Hasch, K. P. Schüler, L. De Nardo, Zhenyu Ye, Nicola Bianchi, V. Gharibyan, J. G. Rubin, I. Lehmann, B. Marianski, P. F. Dalpiaz, Arne Vandenbroucke, Riccardo Fabbri, S. Joosten, A. Kisselev, L. A. Linden-Levy, G. Schnell, and L. Lapikás
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Photon, Proton, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, media_common.quotation_subject, Virtual particle, 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Photon polarization, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, media_common
Abstract: Exclusive electroproduction of π+ mesons was studied by scattering 27.6 GeV positrons or electrons off a transversely polarized hydrogen target. The single-spin azimuthal asymmetry with respect to target polarization was measured as a function of the Mandelstam variable t, the Bjorken scaling variable xB, and the virtuality Q2 of the exchanged photon. The extracted Fourier components of the asymmetry were found to be consistent with zero, except one that was found to be large and that involves interference of contributions from longitudinal and transverse virtual photons.
Published: 2010
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42. Development of a High Precision Axial 3-D PET for Brain Imaging

Author: Felicitas Pauss, A. Rudge, Neal H. Clinthorne, S.S. Huh, Steinar Stapnes, K. Honscheid, C. Casella, Ian Johnson, Dieter Renker, H. Kagan, E. Nappi, Francesca Nessi-Tedaldi, Thomas Schneider, Josep F. Oliver, Carlos Lacasta, Franco Meddi, R. De Leo, P. Solevi, A. Braem, G. Dissertori, D. Schinzel, I. Vilardi, P. Weilhammer, E. Bolle, E. Chesi, S. Smith, Eric W. Cochran, L. Djambazov, Werner Lustermann, Jacques Séguinot, C. Joram, and Magdalena Rafecas
Subjects: Physics, SIMULATION TOOLKIT, COORDINATE, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Interaction point, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, PERFORMANCE, DETECTOR, SCANNER, LENGTH, Photodetector, STRIPS, Scintillator, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Lyso, law.invention, Crystal, Optics, Hodoscope, law, business, Image resolution
Abstract: We describe a PET device based on a novel method to extract the coordinates of the interaction point of the 511keV γ rays from 100 mm long and thin LYSO (Lutetium Yttrium OxyorthoSilicate) scintillator bars, positioned axially in the tomograph. The coordinate along the hit crystal is measured by using a hodoscope of Wave Length Shifting (WLS) plastic strips mounted perpendicularly to each plane of scintillators. As photodetectors, new Geiger mode Avalanche PhotoDetectors (G-APDs) with integrated electronics are being used to detect both the hit crystal in a block (x and y coordinates) and the interaction point in the crystal (z coordinate) through the light escaping from the crystal and transmitted to the WLS strips. In this way, the γ interaction point can be determined with a spatial resolution of few cubic millimeters down to a minimum deposited energy of about 50 keV, resulting in a volumetric precision very close to the limits imposed by the physics of the positron annihilation. The method allows to increase the detection efficiency without affecting the spatial resolution by adding scintillator planes in the radial direction. A demonstrator scanner, based on two matrices of 8 × 6 LYS crystals and 312 WLS strips, slotted in between the crystals, is under construction. Preliminary results from the feasibility studies of the various components will be presented.
Published: 2009
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43. Multilayer aerogel for compact RICH detectors

Author: C. Matteuzzi, S. Dalla Torre, R. De Leo, Marta Calvi, C. Arnaboldi, T. Bellunato, E. A. Kravchenko, Eugenio Nappi, G. Pessina, I. Vilardi, D. L. Perego, S. Marrone, E. Cisbani, and L. Lagamba
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, Aerogel, Nanotechnology, Condensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Radiator (engine cooling), Optoelectronics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, business, Charged particle beam, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: This paper covers some of the latest achievements in the testing of multi–index silica aerogel. Optical bench measurements and preliminary results from a recently performed charged particle beam test are presented. This work is part of an effort aimed at assessing the potential of multilayer aerogel as a radiator for compact, proximity focused ring imaging Cherenkov detectors.
Published: 2009
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44. A test used for particle identification with the Hall A RICH detector at JLab

Author: F. Cusanno, B. Reitz, Salvatore Frullani, J. J. LeRose, Franco Garibaldi, S. Marrone, D. Di Bari, Mauro Iodice, G. M. Urciuoli, Pete Markowitz, R. De Leo, L. Lagamba, and E. Cisbani
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Pion, Detector, Reconstruction algorithm, Instrumentation, Noise (electronics), Event (particle physics), Particle identification, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: An algorithm, based on the χ 2 test, employed for particle identification by RICH detectors, is described. This algorithm is independent and complementary to the traditional algorithm based on the comparison between the average of the measured Cherenkov angles and the expected Cherenkov angles of the photons generated in the RICH by the particle to be identified. On the other hand it is much simpler and faster than a full likelihood analysis of the full event pattern. The particle rejection ratios achievable with the combined use of this algorithm and the algorithm based on the comparison between the average and the expected Cherenkov angles are very high. The algorithm also allows one to identify noise easily. The application of the algorithm is shown for the Hall A RICH detector in the E94-107 experiment at JLab. In this experiment an enormous background made up of pions and protons is 30 000 times bigger than the signal and had to be identified and rejected in order to extract the kaons from the electroproduction of hypernuclei.
Published: 2009
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45. Exclusive ρ0 electroproduction on transversely polarized protons

Author: P. Zupranski, C. A. Miller, P. Lenisa, A. Fantoni, T. A. Shibata, B. Zihlmann, L. L. Pappalardo, G. Rosner, D. Gabbert, Hengqiang Ye, A. Trzcinski, A. López Ruiz, Alexander Borissov, Hasko Stenzel, Xianguo Lu, T. Keri, G. Ciullo, W.-D. Nowak, S. Yen, M. Contalbrigo, M. Diefenthaler, E. C. Aschenauer, Ralf Kaiser, V. Muccifora, Naomi C R Makins, H. Marukyan, E. Steffens, Y. Van Haarlem, E. Avetisyan, Michael Tytgat, A. R. Reolon, A. Martinez de la Ossa, E. Cisbani, X. R. Lu, M. Ehrenfried, A. Hillenbrand, Y. Imazu, A. Airapetian, Stephen V. Gliske, F. Sanftl, S. Yaschenko, V. Vikhrov, M. Statera, C. Hadjidakis, L. Lagamba, S. Taroian, N. Akopov, Y. Salomatin, P. Di Nezza, B. Q. Ma, W. Augustyniak, D. Zeiler, M. Varanda, F. Stinzing, V. Bryzgalov, C. Vogel, Y. J. Mao, P. Kravchenko, B. Ball, Morgan Murray, L. Manfré, A. Movsisyan, M. Hartig, R. Lamb, R. De Leo, V. A. Korotkov, F. Giordano, David Mahon, J. Stewart, M. Hoek, C. B. Van Hulse, Adel Terkulov, L. Fellawka, Frank Ellinghaus, Andreas Schäfer, E. R. Kinney, R. Perez-Benito, A. Ivanilov, C. Bonomo, J. Burns, M. Capiluppi, H. Böttcher, H. E. Jackson, Y. Naryshkin, G. Elbakian, W. Yu, S. I. Manaenkov, A. Nass, J. G. Rubin, V. A. Gapienko, N. Bianchi, Andreas Mussgiller, Wouter Deconinck, G. Hill, Y. Holler, B. Seitz, I. Lehmann, K. Rith, E. Nappi, Z. Akopov, Nagao Kobayashi, P. B. van der Nat, J. Dreschler, P. E. Reimer, Shan Wang, D. Veretennikov, L. A. Linden-Levy, G. Schnell, C. Riedl, L. Lapikás, K. P. Schüler, Vitaly Shutov, P.F. Dalpiaz, A. Rostomyan, H. P. Blok, A. Avetissian, G.P. Capitani, H. S. Jo, Wolfgang Lorenzon, G. Gapienko, Ivana Hristova, E. De Sanctis, D. Hasch, S. Frullani, Dirk Ryckbosch, B. Marianski, Arne Vandenbroucke, Riccardo Fabbri, S. Joosten, A. Kisselev, J. J. M. Steijger, Michael Düren, M. Stancari, L. De Nardo, Zhenyu Ye, I. Vilardi, V. Gharibyan, Y. Miyachi, and (Astro)-Particles Physics
Subjects: 14.40.Aq, Quark, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, FOS: Physical sciences, HERMES, Parton, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Matrix (mathematics), 13.88.+e, GENERALIZED PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS, Total angular momentum quantum number, 0103 physical sciences, Proton spin crisis, ddc:530, NUCLEON, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, VIRTUAL COMPTON-SCATTERING, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 13.60.Le, 14.20.Dh, 12.38.Qk, QCD, Helicity, TARGET, Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, SDG 6 - Clean Water and Sanitation, Nucleon, VECTOR-MESON PRODUCTION
Abstract: The exclusive electroproduction of rho-0 mesons was studied with the HERMES spectrometer at the DESY laboratory by scattering 27.6 GeV positron and electron beams off a transversely polarized hydrogen target. Spin density matrix elements for this process were determined from the measured production- and decay-angle distributions of the produced rho-0 mesons. These matrix elements embody information on helicity transfer and the validity of s-channel helicity conservation in the case of a transversely polarized target. From the spin density matrix elements, the leading-twist term in the single-spin asymmetry was calculated separately for longitudinally and transversely polarized rho-0 mesons. Neglecting s-channel helicity changing matrix elements, results for the former can be compared to calculations based on generalized parton distributions, which are sensitive to the contribution of the total angular momentum of the quarks to the proton spin., 7 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2009
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46. GEANT4 studies on the propagation and detection of scintillation light in long thin YAP crystals

Author: P. Weilhammer, F. Ciocia, C. Joram, E. Nappi, I. Vilardi, A. Braem, E. Chesi, R. De Leo, Jacques Séguinot, and L. Lagamba
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scintillation, Photomultiplier, Interaction point, business.industry, Scintillator, Electromagnetic radiation, Crystal, Optics, Reflection (physics), Optoelectronics, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), business, Instrumentation
Abstract: The response to γ-rays of long thin polished or wrapped YAP:Ce scintillator bars read out at both edges by photomultipliers has been studied by means of GEANT4 simulations with the aim to investigate the capability of the charge division method to reconstruct the gamma interaction point in the crystal. The GEANT4 simulations took into account the optical properties of the scintillator like absorption, reflection, and diffusion during the passage of the light through the crystal. The simulations were able to reproduce experimental measurements of light yields in polished and wrapped YAP:Ce crystals with dimensions 3.2×3.2×100 mm 3 . Once validated, the simulations could show that a particular patterning of the crystal surface, which enhances the surface absorption, should lead to a significant improvement of the reconstruction precision of the charge division method, without compromising the energy resolution.
Published: 2009
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47. Measurement of parton distributions of strange quarks in the nucleon from charged-kaon production in deep-inelastic scattering on the deuteron

Author: A. Reischl, W. Augustyniak, R. Perez-Benito, B. Maiheu, Alessandra Fantoni, D. Veretennikov, M. Negodaev, B. Hommez, G. Ciullo, Tetsuya Hasegawa, M. Hoek, E. De Sanctis, V. A. Gapienko, W.H.A. Hesselink, B. Zihlmann, Y. Naryshkin, P. E. Reimer, A. Kisselev, J. G. Rubin, A. Brull, B. Tchuiko, M. Kopytin, Cynthia Marie Hadjidakis, Y. Miyachi, A. Nass, G. Gapienko, I. Lehmann, D. Hasch, A. López Ruiz, Z. Akopov, A. Elalaoui-Moulay, Frank Ellinghaus, C. Shearer, B. Seitz, A. Hillenbrand, Y. Imazu, E. Nappi, Y. Van Haarlem, Michael Tytgat, E. R. Kinney, Y. Holler, A. Airapetian, U. Elschenbroich, S. Taroian, P. Lenisa, David Mahon, Y. Salomatin, B. Marianski, A. Trzcinski, P. B. van der Nat, J. Burns, Shan Wang, F. Stinzing, Andreas Schäfer, H. E. Jackson, V. G. Krivokhijine, A. Funel, B. Q. Ma, J. J. M. Steijger, Michael Düren, G. van der Steenhoven, A. Osborne, M. Stancari, P. Zupranski, C. Riedl, S. E. Rock, P. Di Nezza, V. Vikhrov, L. Rubacek, R. De Leo, A. Rostomyan, K. Rith, C. B. Van Hulse, A. Borissov, A. R. Reolon, A. Avetissian, M. Capiluppi, P. Liebing, A. Ivanilov, S. Belostotski, G. Rosner, H. Böttcher, V. Bryzgalov, J. Dreschler, L. De Nardo, W. Yu, F. Garibaldi, Morgan Murray, G. Iarygin, Zhenyu Ye, E. C. Aschenauer, G. Hill, K. P. Schüler, Y. X. Ye, P.F. Dalpiaz, J. Stewart, I. Vilardi, Andreas Mussgiller, A. Andrus, M. Diefenthaler, V. Gharibyan, P. Tait, L. A. Linden-Levy, W.-D. Nowak, T. A. Shibata, E. Avetissian, M. Demey, Nicola Bianchi, R.O. Avakian, H. Marukyan, C. Bonomo, E. Cisbani, V. A. Kozlov, D. Reggiani, G. Schnell, F. Giordano, S. Joosten, J. Streit, I. M. Gregor, H. Ye, A. Jgoun, Arne Vandenbroucke, Riccardo Fabbri, L. Manfré, Stephen V. Gliske, H. Guler, M. Varanda, L. Felawka, X. R. Lu, L. Lagamba, S. Yen, G. P. Capitani, Ralf Kaiser, E. Steffens, G. Gavrilov, L. Lapikás, M. Contalbrigo, Martin Raithel, I. Sanjiev, Naomi C R Makins, M. Ehrenfried, Andrey V. Izotov, C. A. Miller, D. Gabbert, Tsutomu Kobayashi, M. Statera, S. Frullani, N. Pickert, Dirk Ryckbosch, D. Zeiler, C. Vogel, V. A. Korotkov, G. Elbakian, S. Lu, Y. J. Mao, P. Kravchenko, Adel Terkulov, T. Keri, L. L. Pappalardo, Hasko Stenzel, Wouter Deconinck, Valeria Muccifora, V. Mexner, A. Nagaitsev, N. Akopov, S. Yaschenko, Vitaly Shutov, H. P. Blok, Wolfgang Lorenzon, Ivana Hristova, R. Lamb, (Astro)-Particles Physics, Photo Conversion Materials, and Student Lab and Education
Subjects: Quark, Particle physics, Strange quark, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Parton, 01 natural sciences, NO, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 13.60.-r, 13.88.+e, 14.20.Dh, 14.65.-q, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, SDG 14 - Life Below Water, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Deep inelastic scattering, Helicity, Strange matter, Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract: The momentum and helicity density distributions of the strange quark sea in the nucleon are obtained in leading order from charged-kaon production in deep-inelastic scattering on the deuteron. The distributions are extracted from spin-averaged K+/- multiplicities, and from K+/- and inclusive double-spin asymmetries for scattering of polarized positrons by a polarized deuterium target. The shape of the momentum distribution is softer than that of the average of the ubar and dbar quarks. In the region of measurement 0.02 < x < 0.6 and Q^2 > 1.0 GeV^2, the helicity distribution is zero within experimental uncertainties., 5 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; text slightly expanded, 10 references added
Published: 2008
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48. Hypernuclear spectroscopy via () in JLab's Hall A

Author: G. M. Urciuoli, S. Frullani, Mauro Iodice, John J. Lerose, Pete Markowitz, E. Cisbani, L. Lagamba, M. Sotona, R. De Leo, R. J. Feuerbach, F. Cusanno, P. Bydžovský, Douglas Higinbotham, S. Marrone, F. Garibaldi, A. Acha, C. W. de Jager, B. Reitz, and C. C. Chang
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Spectrometer, Meson, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Hadron, Particle accelerator, Particle detector, Ring-imaging Cherenkov detector, Linear particle accelerator, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Nuclear Experiment, Spectroscopy
Abstract: Results are presented from a new experiment (E94-107) in Hall A of the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) producing B Λ 12 , N Λ 16 , and Li Λ 9 using electroproduction, ( e , e ′ K + ). In the hypernuclear missing-mass spectrum the experiment achieves very good energy resolution (670 keV FWHM) by exploiting the characteristics of the High Resolution spectrometer pair and the exceptional beam quality available at JLab. The spectrometers were used with the addition of an INFN provided pair of septum magnets to reach the desired small angles. Also, the Hall A standard complement of equipment was further augmented by the addition of a Ring Imaging Cherenkov detector (RICH) to achieve the best possible kaon identification.
Published: 2008
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49. Wavelength shifter strips and G-APD arrays for the read-out of the z-coordinate in axial PET modules

Author: D. Schinzel, Ian Johnson, P. Weilhammer, E. Nappi, A. Braem, Werner Lustermann, R. De Leo, Jacques Séguinot, E. Chesi, Dieter Renker, S. Albrecht, A. Rudge, and C. Joram
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Scintillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Physics::Medical Physics, Detector, Photodetector, STRIPS, Scintillator, Wavelength shifter, Lyso, law.invention, Optics, law, business, Instrumentation
Abstract: The measurements presented in this paper are related to the development of a PET camera based on a 3-D axial geometry with excellent 3-D spatial, timing and energy resolution. The detector modules consist of matrices of long axially oriented scintillation crystal bars, which are individually coupled to photodetectors. The axial coordinate is derived from wavelength shifting (WLS) plastic strips orthogonally interleaved between the crystal bars and readout by G-APD arrays. We report on results from measurements with two LYSO crystal bars, read with PMTs, and two WLS strips readout with G-APD devices from Hamamatsu (called MPPC). The WLS strips are positioned orthogonally underneath the LYSO bars. Yields of about 80 photoelectrons from the WLS strips for an energy deposition in the LYSO crystals equivalent to the absorption of 511 keV photons are observed. The axial coordinate in the LYSO bars is reconstructed with a precision of about 1.9 mm (FWHM) using a digital reconstruction method. The resolution of an analog coordinate reconstruction method, which uses the pulse height measurement from the WLS strips is 2.8 mm (FWHM). This resolution is still compromised by the availability of only two WLS strips and will improve with a full stack of LYSO crystals interleaved with WLS strip arrays, which is presently under development for a PET demonstrator set-up.
Published: 2008
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50. Sweat for the Discrimination of Human's Habit using NWs Gas Sensors Technology

Author: Andrea Ponzoni, E. Nunez Carmona, Dario Zappa, R. De Leo, and Veronica Sberveglieri
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, human sweat, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Odor, Chemistry, Small Sensor Sistem (S3), human habits, Early detection, NWs gas sensor, Nanotechnology, volatile molecules
Abstract: The main primordial form of our distal senses is Human olfaction, provide information and knowledge of different chemicals from remote sources in real time. Humans emit a complex array of non-volatile and volatile molecules. In this study we've applied a Small Sensors System (S3) device, based on metal oxide chemiresistors to distinguish the humans odor and to correlate humans habitude to their sweat odors. The results obtained with a cooperation of different technique strongly suggest the use of metal oxide nanostructures to develop gas sensing devices for the humans detection and the early detection of volatile biomarkers of internal disease. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Published: 2016

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