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La agricultura ecológica, biológica u orgánica se define como el sistema de explotación agrícola que prescinde de la utilización de sustancias químicas de síntesis (fertilizantes, plaguicidas y aditivos), garantizando la obtención de alimentos con todas sus propiedades naturales y preservando el medio ambiente al limitar la contaminación del aire, suelo y agua, además de incrementar la actividad biológica del suelo. A pesar del clima de inestabilidad política instalado desde las pasadas elecciones, en España existe un compromiso de contribuir al crecimiento y desarrollo de un sector en auge a través de medidas públicas de apoyo al mismo. Desde un punto de vista económico, se atisban previsiones de crecimiento en base a un sólido crecimiento trimestral del PIB y a una favorable evolución de los indicadores de producción, demanda y empleo. A nivel social, la preocupación por la salud supone la razón principal tanto para iniciarse en el consumo de productos ecológicos como para continuar con el mismo. Tecnológicamente, el sector está recibiendo ayudas destinadas a I+D+i con el objetivo de mejorar las técnicas existentes, desarrollar nuevas, industrializar las producciones e incrementar la capacitación del personal. Por último, España reúne las condiciones necesarias para el desarrollo de este tipo de agricultura por su favorable climatología.

Editorial: Corrupción y burocracia: Enemigos de la rehabilitación antes y después de un terremoto

The metropolitan area of San Juan in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico has the highest concentration of vehicles per mile of paved road in the world. In order to improve the public transit system and decrease automobile dependency, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico decided to embark on a major infrastructure project, which consisted on the design and construction of a heavy rail train to serve the Metropolitan Area of San Juan. The first phase of the project consisted of a 10.69 mile segment with 16 stations. This paper uses a five dimensional project management (5DPM) model and develops a complexity map to identify the sources of complexity in the project. The 5DPM model includes the following dimensions: cost, schedule, technical, context and finance. The results indicate that the major source of complexity in this project was the technical dimension which was complex due to variable site conditions and the owner’s the lack of experience managing a project of this magnitude. Due to its scope and significance, the Urban Train project (Tren Urbano) provided an opportunity to train a group of young professionals who would later assume leadership positions in public projects in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. A structured professional development program was created in a partnership between the University of Puerto Rico (UPR) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The professional development program consisted of 6 key elements: (1) MIT short course in public transportation in Boston, (2) UPR Winter short course on the Urban Train and Transportation in Puerto Rico, (3) Student research project, (4) Professional Practicum (summer work internship) (5) Site visit to an operating transit system, and (6) Possible employment opportunities with contractor or consultant. The paper concludes that including a professional development component in the project benefited the students and faculty who were involved. It also concludes that the professional development program contributed to managing complexity in the technical dimension for future projects and in the context dimension for this project by increasing public support to the project through marketing and dissemination efforts. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge by increasing our understanding on how to manage complexity in large transit projects and how to develop and implement a professional development program that contributes to project success.

Orientador: Alberto Cliquet Junior Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e Computação Resumo: A Estimulação Elétrica Neuromuscular (EE"NM) é uma ferramenta importante na pesquisa da reabilitação de movimentos perdidos em indivíduos portadores de lesão medular. A restauração da locomoção em paraplégicos e tetraplégicos é hoje a sua principal aplicação Para que a EENM possa ser utilizada de modo prático nesta restauração, entretanto, é necessário que o sistema de controle de estimulação seja capaz de lidar com condições adversas do ambiente, como terrenos irregulares, inclinações, degraus e obstáculos No presente trabalho, apresenta-se uma metodologia para a conversão de qualquer tarefa motora específica usada por indivíduos normais para lidar com uma destas condições em um algoritmo de controle para EENM. O trabalho apresenta esta metodologia, passo a passo, aplicada à produção de uma seqüência de estímulos que permite ao lesado medular superar pequenos obstáculos. Simulações comprovando a validade do método são discutidas, e experimentação clinica é apresentada. Neste trabalho, mostra-se ainda que a conversão da tarefa motora em questão feita sob análise cinemática apresenta melhores resultados que aquela referente a atividade muscular Abstract: Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) is an important tool for research in the rehabilitation of lost movements in spinal patients. Its main application today is the restoration of locomotion in paraplegics and tetraplegias. However, for NMES to be used outside the laboratory setup, the stimulation controller needs to be able to cope with challenging environmental conditions, like uneven terrains, inclinations, steps, and obstacles. In this work, a methodology to allow conversion of any specific motor task used for coping with one of these enviromemal conditions to a control algorithm for NMES is presented. This methodology is shown, step by step, applied to the design of a stimulation sequence that allows the overcoming of small obstacles by the spinal patient. Simulations proving the method feasibility are discussed, and clinical trials are presented. In this work, it is also shown that the motor task conversion using the kinematic approach has better results than that of muscle activity view Doutorado Engenharia Biomédica Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica

Historia del ballet "Romeo y Julieta"

Sign.: [ ]2, A-I2, K4