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Objectives We adapted previously developed decision rules from the New England Bladder Cancer Study (NEBCS) to assign occupational exposure to straight, soluble, and synthetic metalworking fluids (MWFs) to participants of the Spanish Bladder Cancer Study (SBCS). Methods The SBCS and NEBCS are case–control studies that used the same lifetime occupational history and job module questionnaires. We adapted published decision rules from the NEBCS that linked questionnaire responses to estimates of the probability ( Results To assign MWF exposure, we applied decision rules that incorporated participant’s responses and job group patterns for 99% of the jobs and conducted expert review of the remaining 1% (145) jobs. Overall, 14% of the jobs were assessed as having ≥5% probability of exposure to at least one of the three MWFs. Probability of exposure of ≥50% to soluble, straight, and synthetic MWFs was identified in 2.5, 1.7, and 0.5% of the jobs, respectively. To assign mineral oil from non-machining sources, we used module responses for 49% of jobs, a job-exposure matrix for 41% of jobs, and expert review for the remaining 10%. We identified 24% of jobs as possibly exposed to mineral oil from non-machining sources. Conclusions We demonstrated that we could adapt existing decision rules to assess exposure in a new population by deriving population-specific job group patterns.

Background The French National Cancer Institute recommends the use of survivorship care plans (SCP) for all cancer survivors. Developing useful SCP's requires understanding of what survivors and their providers need and how SCP's can be implemented in practice. We conducted a study to assess the delivery of SCP comprehensive binders for breast cancer women (BCW) and their general practitioners (GP) in a Cancer center from January 2019. Methods SCP binders, containing a full range of information on topics related to post-cancer care to survivor-specific information and referrals, were given to BCW during a post-treatment dedicated consultation. Then a letter, containing the treatment summary and 5-year follow-up schedule, was sent to their GPs. Comprehensive binder delivery assessment was carried out using item checkbox, and anonymous open-answered, self-reported questionnaires were sent by email to BCW and their GPs. Results The questionnaire response rates were 81.3% for BCW (n = 109/134) and 48.6% for their GPs (n = 52/107). Most BCW (85%) reported that SCP binders provided useful and comprehensive information. However, some of them (18%) felt abandoned and anonymous during the post-treatment follow-up. Most GPs found SCP letters from our anti-cancer center physicians to be useful for their patients, 38% of them had used this information to assure transition of care with other care providers. In addition, GPs were unanimous to express their feeling that this SCP could improve the long-term surveillance of BCW. There was a high concordance between BCW survivors’ and PCP’ answers, especially regarding SCPs as a communication bridge between GPs and BCW survivors. Response results concerning use of the binders: to talk about them: 59% for BCW vs. 51% for GPs, and to show them: 35% for BCW vs. 31% for GPs. Conclusion The opinions of BCW survivors’ and PCP’ opinions about the use of SCP's by our Cancer Center seems to be favourable. It is essential to implement and develop SCP's as a key tool in long-term surveillance and support for cancer patient survivors and they are a useful instrument for care providers in communication and transition.

Background: Red blood cell transfusion (RBCT) is a therapeutic procedure with important and undesirable secondary effects. Inappropriate overuse of RBCT is significant, and a significant percentage of physicians prescribe RBCT unnecessarily. Patient involvement in treatment decision-making is poor worldwide. Shared (with the patient) transfusion decision-making (TrDM) can temper a “quick finger on the trigger” of blood transfusion (BT). The objective of this study was to determine patients’ preferences surrounding their involvement in the TrDM process as well as physicians’ willingness to involve the patient in TrDM. The study also determined the role of patient age, gender, ethnicity, and schooling years in the TrDM process. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a variety of departments, with 123 patients over 18 years old, who received a BT for the first time. The patients completed an anonymous questionnaire which included demographic characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, and schooling years) and 2 questions linked to potential willingness to participate in the decision to transfuse. Results: The questionnaire response rate was 100%. The data showed that 60% of patients (especially younger patients), independent of ethnicity, preferred a passive role in TrDM and 40% preferred to share the decision. Conclusions: The majority of patients, especially younger patients, prefer a passive role in TrDM, possibly due to insufficient information about the need for BT and its significance. We feel that active involvement on the part of the patient can provoke a more judicious thought process about the real need of BT on the part of the physician and have a positive influence on patient blood management.

Highlights • Converting the ESTRO gyn teaching course to an online version did not affect participant numbers. • Participant satisfaction and engagement remained high despite less direct contact time with faculty. • The number of participants submitting contouring and dose planning homework was higher than for live courses. • Viewing of pre-course lecture content was variable which may reflect self-perceived learning needs based on different levels of experience., Introduction In 2020, the ESTRO course on image-guided radiotherapy and chemotherapy in gynaecological cancer was converted into an online version due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper describes the change process and evaluates the impact on participants compared with previous live courses. Methods and materials The 2019 live course contained 41 h of educational content, comprising 33 h of synchronous activities (lectures, interactive activities, videos) and 8 h of homework (contouring, dose planning). For the online course, the lectures were provided as pre-course material (11 mandatory, 22 optional). Contouring/dose planning homework was unchanged. The synchronous sessions were reconfigured as six 2-hour webinars (total educational content ~38 h). Participant numbers/characteristics, engagement and satisfaction for six live courses and the online course were compared. Results Participant numbers for the online and live courses were similar (90 vs. mean 96). There were more participants from outside Europe (28% vs. mean 18%) and more non-doctors (47% vs. mean 33%). Proportion of participants responding to the pre-course questionnaire was similar (77% vs. mean 78%) but post-course questionnaire response was lower (62% vs. mean 92%). 43% participants viewed ≥75% of mandatory lectures before the webinars. 86% viewed the optional lectures. Submissions of contouring and dose planning homework was higher (contouring 77%–90% vs. 56%–69%, dose planning 74%–89% vs. 29%–57%). 96% (47/49) participants rated the online course as Excellent (43%) or Good (53%). Overall satisfaction was similar (4.4 vs. mean 4.6). Conclusion Participant satisfaction and engagement with the online course remained high despite less contact time with faculty.

This research is a research development (Research and Development) that aims to determine the feasibility of LKPD Mathematics products as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors of using LKPD. This study uses the Borg and Gall development model. The instruments used were tests, interviews, and questionnaires. There are 3 types of questionnaires used, namely expert validation questionnaires, student response questionnaires, and teacher response questionnaires. The results of the validation that have been carried out by the three validators obtained an overall average value of 4.16 with valid criteria. The LKPD trials were carried out by the Delikan learning steps (listen, see, and do). The average score of the students' questionnaire response was 4.58 with very good criteria. The teacher response questionnaire to the mathematics LKPD obtained a result of 4.2 with a good category. The use of LKPD received a very good response from students because the use of calculators was something new, but some students did not understand the concept of multiplication and long division so they needed guidance from the teacher. LKPD Mathematics of the circumference and area of a flat shape using a calculator with Delikan learning in Class IV SD UMP is said to be feasible and can be used as an alternative teaching material to improve skills in calculating the circumference and area of a flat shape using a calculator calculating tool. Keywords : calculato r; delikan learning ; mathematic ; student worksheet activity ( LKPD ) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/mtk/v 9 i2.pp 85-99

The purpose of the development of this mathematics module is to produce products in the form of mathematical modules based on Search, Solve, Create, and Share (SSCS) material that is valid and practical. The type of research that is used is research and development (R&D). The model that is used is the R&D model developed by Sugiyono who has been modified. The stages which are used in this development research only stage 1 through 7. The instruments which are used were expert validation questionnaire and questionnaire response of students. Based on the results of expert validation obtained the results of the validation of material expert 78,84% (decent categories), linguists expert 85% (category of very feasible) and design expert 83,6% (a very feasible category), so that the overall percentage of the validator obtained a total percentage of 82,48% (very feasible category). The results of the small group trial were obtained from the response of students of the mathematics module was 84% (a very practical category). Based on the results, it can be concluded that the SSCS-based mathematics module material for students’ questions in SMA Negeri 1 Metro is very feasible and very practical to be used as a source of learning mathematics, especially circle material.

The research aims to 1) develop an e-learning evaluation media based on the Excel to WhatsApp application. 2) Testing the feasibility of evaluation media developed by experts. 3) Testing the feasibility of the media based on the responses of class X students in basic banking subjects at SMK N 1 Probolinggo. This development refers to the 4D model by Thiagarajan which includes the stages of define, design, develop, and disseminate. The results of the review and expert validation in this study indicate that the feasibility of the media, the feasibility of evaluation, and the feasibility of the material get an average of 88% with the criteria of "very feasible" where the data is processed qualitatively with a Likert scale. The results of the questionnaire response of students obtained an average of 94% with the criteria "very feasible" where the data was processed quantitatively with the Guttman scale. Therefore, this Excel to WhatsApp based evaluation media is suitable for use as a support for learning activities.

Objetivo: Investigar a presença de IgG e IgM anti-Toxoplasma gondii no soro de estudantes de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, campus do Pontal. Métodos: Estudo transversal de prevalência, com coleta de dados realizada entre junho de 2017 e fevereiro de 2018. Foram utilizadas as técnicas de Imunofluorescência Indireta e Ensaio Imunoenzimático (ELISA) e aplicados questionário semiestruturado para avaliação dos conhecimentos prévios sobre a toxoplasmose. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 128 alunos com faixa etária de 18 a 41 anos, sendo 83 (64,4%) do sexo feminino e 45 (35,6%) do sexo masculino. Foram colhidas amostras de sangue de 106 participantes e 13 (12,3%) apresentaram anticorpos anti-T. gondii. Destes, 3 (2,8%) afirmaram consumir leite bovino não pasteurizado, 3 (2,8%) carne crua ou mal passada e 1 (0,94%) vegetais crus ou não higienizados. Não foi observada associação estatisticamente significativa entre positividade (IgM anti-T. gondii e/ou IgG anti-T. gondii) e as variáveis analisadas no questionário.Conclusão: Neste trabalho foi possível verificar a presença de anticorpos IgM e IgG anti-T. gondii em universitários. Não se observou uma associação entre soropositividade e o hábito alimentar. Entretanto, a análise das respostas obtidas no questionário mostrou comportamento de risco por parte destes indivíduos, principalmente ao que se refere ao contato frequente com cães e gatos, muitas vezes recolhidos na rua.

This development research aims to analyze the level of validity, effectiveness, and practicality of the RME-based learning modules as well as how the modules can improve the mathematical literacy skills of grade XI students. Modules are teaching materials that can help students in the learning process. The ability of mathematical literacy is the ability to apply mathematics to mathematical problems in everyday life. In this study, researchers used the RME approach where an approach that connects mathematics in everyday life problems. So that the availability of this module can help students improve their mathematical literacy skills. RME-based modules are said to be feasible to use if they meet three criteria, namely valid, practical, and effective. In the results of the research analysis, 1) the module was declared very valid after a revision with a large percentage of 93.00%, 2) with an average student questionnaire response results 88.67 in the limited test and 77.67 in the field test so that the module was declared practical, then 3) completeness of student learning (CSL) of 98.00 in the limited test with effective criteria and 90.00 in the field test with effective criteria. In addition, the Personalized Gain Test is used to find out how effective RME-based learning modules can improve students' mathematical literacy skills. 4) The results of the analysis of the Gain test stated 0.80 with high information. This means that RME-based learning modules are truly said to be effective in increasing students' mathematical literacy ability.

The research conducted is a development research that adapts to the model by Plomp development model (2010) which consists of 3 phases, they are the preliminary research phase, the prototyping phase, and the assessment phase. The purpose of this study is to find out how the process of developing learning devices and how the results of the development of mathematics learning tools in junior high school level that apply guided discovery models for circle that meets valid, practical, and effective criteria. In this study, researcher uses several instruments such us Learning Implementation Plan s,, Student Worksheets, and Assessment Sheets; observation instrument sheet of the implementation of learning; students’ questionnaire response instruments and the instrument of validation sheet. The results of this study is junior high school mathematics’s learning tools on the circle material using the guided discovery model. This learning tool has been validated by experts and received positive responses from both teachers and students when applied in class. So, the mathematics learning device withguided discovery models on this circle material has fulfilled valid, practical, and effective criteria.

Objective Analyze return to sports and related factors after primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods Observational descriptive study. 173 patients operated by the same surgeon and standardized technique (patellar autograft) who answered a questionnaire at least 12 months post procedure were included. Questionnaire included Subjective IKDC, Tegner activity level (Pre and Postoperative) and questions elaborated by the group. Results Mean age was 30.8 years, 85% were men, 73% practiced soccer and median postoperative IKDC was 71. Follow up until questionnaire response was 28 months. Males had a better return to sports than females (70% vs 48%, p = 0.037). Tegner pre-injury level was 5 vs 4.3 postoperative, (p Conclusions We found 67% return to sports and 57% to the preinjury level. Positive return to sports factors were male sex, absence of chondral injury and better functional outcome. Psychological factors such as fear of injury is frequent in patients who don't achieve previous levels of activity.

The practice of plant anatomy using a light microscope indicates the immeasurable diversity of students' intelligence in making observations, such as logical-mathematical intelligence, visual-spatial intelligence, bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, and naturalistic intelligence. The population of this study were 35 prospective biology education teacher candidates, a sample selected using Purposiv Sampling, citing the limited number of samples. This study uses a questionnaire response instrument to determine the response of multiple intelligence profile of the initial conditions of plant anatomy practicum and blended learning digital microscope needs profile. All instruments are in the valid and reliable categories. Data analysis of the relationship between multiple intelligence profiles on the initial conditions of plant anatomy practicum to the needs of a blended learning-based digital microscope was analyzed quantitatively by Pearson's bivariate correlation test. Compound intelligence profile at the initial conditions of plant anatomy practicum has a low criterion, the profile of students' needs for blended learning digital microscope has high criteria, and there is a significant relationship between the profile of compound intelligence at the initial condition of plant anatomy practicum towards the needs of a blended learning-based digital microscope.

Background: Longitudinal studies are crucial for identifying potential risk factors for infection with, and consequences of, COVID-19, but relationships can be biased if they are associated with invitation and response to data collection. We describe factors relating to questionnaire invitation and response in COVID-19 questionnaire data collection in a multigenerational birth cohort (the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, ALSPAC). Methods: We analysed online questionnaires completed between the beginning of the pandemic and easing of the first UK lockdown by participants with valid email addresses who had not actively disengaged from the study. We assessed associations of pre-pandemic sociodemographic, behavioural, anthropometric and health-related factors with: i) being sent a questionnaire; ii) returning a questionnaire; and iii) item response (for specific questions). Analyses were conducted in three cohorts: the index children born in the early 1990s (now young adults; 41 variables assessed), their mothers (35 variables) and the mothers’ partners (27 variables). Results: Of 14,849 young adults, 41% were sent a questionnaire, of whom 57% returned one. Item response was >95%. In this cohort, 78% of factors were associated with being sent a questionnaire, 56% with returning one, and, as an example of item response, 20% with keyworker status response. For instance, children from mothers educated to degree-level had greater odds of being sent a questionnaire (OR=5.59; 95% CI=4.87-6.41), returning one (OR=1.60; 95% CI=1.31-1.95), and responding to items (e.g., keyworker status OR=1.65; 95% CI=0.88-3.04), relative to children from mothers with fewer qualifications. Invitation and response rates and associations were similar in all cohorts. Conclusions: These results highlight the importance of considering potential biases due to non-response when using longitudinal studies in COVID-19 research and interpreting results. We recommend researchers report response rates and factors associated with invitation and response in all COVID-19 observational research studies, which can inform sensitivity analyses.

This development research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of Learning Resources Learning Cycle models through stages in the four D (4D) development research model proposed by Thiagrajan (1974). The type of research used is descriptive research. The research was carried out at junior high school level (SMP) precisely in Makassar VII grade VIII. The research instrument used was a learning cycle activity observation sheet and a student questionnaire response to Learning Resources. Based on the results of the effectiveness test with parametric statistical analysis between differences in class learning outcomes taught by Learning Sources the learning cycle model shows positive results compared to classes that are not taught using learning resources or conventionally, which is shown by the average corrected learning outcomes in the experimental class of 76 , 84 is higher than the class taught conventionally which is 69.82, and obtained a positive response of students by 95.83%. So from the results of the study concluded that the application of Learning Resources leaning cycle models of students provide a positive response to its application. Keywords: Learning resources, learning cycle.

Learning devices are tools or components used in the learning process needed to support the learning process. the purpose of this study is to develop learning tools based on the accelerated learning approach. The implementation of this research was carried out on the third grade students of SDN 003Tasik Juang. This research is a research development. Product trials are carried out in two stages, namely with trial 1 (limited test) and trial 2 (limited deployment). The results of the study showed that, learning tools developed using the accelerated learning approach were declared valid and feasible to be used by obtaining a percentage of 83.5% the category was very valid. Learning tools developed using the accelerated learning approach are declared practical based on the results of the observation sheet of the implementation of the learning process with an average value of 87.5 very good categories as well as from student questionnaire response data with an average value of 88.5 with very good categories. The learning tools developed are effective based on the acquisition of learning outcomes that are above the minimum completeness criteria with classical completeness of 84.9%. Based on these results it can be concluded that the development of learning tools based on a valid, practical, and effective accelerated learning approach was developed in students of class III SDN 003 Tasik Juang

The lack of use of teaching materials that are able to construct learners to understand mathematics learning in schools causes the achievement of students' mathematical skills are still in the low category. This study aims to develop a valid, practical and effective LKPD based on RME with maritime context. This research is a type of Research and Development (R&D) research with a limited ADDIE development model, they are Analysis, Design, Development (ADD) stage. Data in the study were collected by the test and questionnaire methods. The research instruments used were expert validation sheets, student questionnaire response sheets, and test sheets. Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis to measure the validity of LKPD, Rasch modeling to measure the practicality of LKPD, and compare individual and classical minimum completeness criteria from students' post-test results to measure the effectiveness of LKPD. The results showed that LKPD based on RME fulfilled valid criteria with the dominance of the assessment in the good category, practical criteria with the dominant response of students in the practical category, and effective with a percentage of completeness of 87%.

Various pesticides are widely used in households to control animals and pests. Pesticides consist of chemicals known to be harmful to health, so their use must be regulated in a certain way to avoid acute and chronic toxicity to humans. The purpose of this activity is to conduct a survey regarding the knowledge and behavior of a community in Nagari Panasahan, Painan, regarding the use of pesticides and their impact on health and to conduct education on how to properly use pesticides. Assessment of participant knowledge and behavior regarding pesticide use was carried out using a questionnaire with 28 questions. A total of 35 participants took part in the educational program. The questionnaire response analysis showed that most of the participants were housewives, had a primary-secondary education, had limited income, used more than one type of pesticide to control nuisance animals, and had limited knowledge about the chronic toxicity pesticides and about how to protect health. Environmental health experts provide educational materials on pesticides, their effects on health and prevention efforts, followed by interactive discussions. Further evaluation is needed to determine whether the program is successful in modifying pesticide use in this community.

This research is conducted to determine how music affects the video game experience. Effect of music in video game is considered important in building emotion and scene in video game but always considered below graphics and gameplay importance, moreover they are rarely a scientific approach to prove how music of video game affect its player. This research uses qualitative approach using experimental method; and quantitative approach to further prove the correlation. The experiment uses three games with four music variation, each consisting of 30 participants. The game we used are agar.io, Dots, Typing Challenge. Result of the experiment shows that music is able affects gaming performance is positively depending on genre of video game. Questionnaire response from every participant indicate that music has a strong correlation to video game experience and gamer’s performance. Music affect significantly performance in Games that design to be fast paced and quick reaction; but not really shown in slow paced and tactical approached games. Further study needs to be conducted to see how the video game music affecting player combined with other elements of video game.

The purpose of this study is to produce a product in the form of science teaching materials that can improve the scientific literacy of students. This research is included in research and development of education which is a method for producing certain products and testing the effectiveness of these products. The product developed was validated by experts consisting of 3 people. Learning tools that are validated are syllabus, lesson plans, and scientific literacy instruments. The results of the study show that the learning device in the form of syllabus shows an average of 3.9 (78%) in the appropriate category, the Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) shows an average of 3.9 (78%) in the feasible category, and the items show the average value is 4.1 (82%) in the feasible category. Thus, inquiry-based science teaching materials developed in appropriate categories can be applied in learning. The results of the questionnaire response analysis of students showed that students' responses were very good for teaching materials because 77.8% of students were fluent that guided inquiry-based teaching material was interesting. In a large-scale trial, the N-gain value obtained in the experimental class was 70.74 with high criteria. Keywords: Science Teaching Materials; Guided Inquiry; Science Literacy

This study aims to determine the response of teachers and students to physics learning with a guided inquiry learning model combined with an advanced organizer. This research was conducted in three senior high schools in Mataram. This research is a pre-experimental study. The subjects of this study were 3 physics teachers and 60 students in Mataram. The data obtained in this study are teacher and student’ questionnaire response data. The results of the study showed that both the response of students and the response to learning with guided inquiry learning models combined with advanced organizers included in the excellent category.

The background of this research is the limited of learning device as a means of supporting learning referring to 2013 curriculum. This research aims to develop syllabus, Learning Implementation Plan (LIP) and Student Learning Worksheet (SLW) with experiential learning model on the subject of cubes and beams for 8th grade students of junior high school. The research used Research and Develomant (R&D) with the ADDIE procedure; analyze, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Due to time constraints, this research is only done until the development stage. This research instrument used are sheet of learning device validation, questionnaire response of learnears, and evaluation of learning outcomes. Syllabus, LIP and SLW validated two times by three validators and revised according to the suggestion from the validator. The valid LIP was then limited tested with the subject of nine students of 8th grade in SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Pekanbaru. Based on the analysis result of the validation data, it can be concluded that syllabus and LIP are considered very valid and SLW is valid with average rating for syllabus is 3.44, LIP is 3.34 and SLW is 3.13. In the second validation, it can be concluded that the syllabus, LIP and SLW are considered very valid with the average rating for the syllabus is 3.75, for the LIP is 3.65 and for SLW is 3.47. Based on the analysis results of the questionnaire response of learners to SLW in the limited trial is 95.5% with very practical category and the average of the result of student’s evaluation is 84.8. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion concluded that the syllabus, LIP, and SLW with experiential learning model on the subject of cubes and beams for 8th grade students of Junior High School have fulfilled the validity and practical requirements to used by 8th grade students of Junior High School.

BackgroundStudy results can be badly affected by non-response. One way to potentially reduce non-response is by sending potential study participants advance communication. During the update of a systematic review examining the effect of pre-notification on response rates, a number of study authors needed to be contacted for further information.ObjectivesTo conduct an RCT to investigate the effect of pre-notification, nested within the request for further information for a systematic review.MethodsStudy authors included in the systematic review, whose studies were at unclear risk of bias, and who were contactable, were randomly sent or not set a pre-notification email prior to being sent the request for further information email.ResultsAt the end of follow up, 14/33 (42.4%) authors in the pre-notification condition had returned responses to the questionnaire, and 18/42 (42.9%). There was not evidence of a difference between these groups.ConclusionsThis study’s results do not support the hypothesis that pre-notification does increase response from participants.

Iraqi construction industry is not away from high number of injuries and fatalities, to control this problem, Mobile Application Technologies (MATS), might offer a promising solution. Improved risk management will increase the productivity of the construction companies which might resulted in enhancing Iraqi national economy. This research addressed the most current used MATS in managing OSH in the construction projects, and highlighted the most benefits and limitations of using these technologies in the field of Iraqi construction projects. This aim achieved by conducting a comprehensive study of the related literature, by analysing a questionnaire response of 98 construction project managers, who are working in a small and medium sized company, BIM and WSDS were identified as the most current used MATS in the Iraqi construction projects, But with a low rate of occurrence about 25%. ’Eliminate hazard during the design phase’ and ’Help visualize hazard’ are the most two benefits of MATS with a rate of occurrence about 75%. However, ’Extra costs associated with technology’, ’Little or no government regulations for use’ are the most two limited factors of using MATS in OSH management in the Iraqi construction projects. In this research the suggestion for the future research has introduced.

BackgroundChest radiography is not routinely recommended before elective endoscopies. A high incidence of perioperative chest radiography requests was observed at our institution. This study aims to investigate factors influencing preoperative chest radiography request for patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopies.MethodsThis cross-sectional clinical study recruited 264 participants from different medical specialties who were responsible for preoperative endoscopic chest x-ray (CXR) ordering including anesthesiologists, surgeons and gastroenterologists. They completed questionnaires exploring their general knowledge and attitudes about preoperative chest radiography. Demographic characteristic of the participants affecting the knowledge on preoperative chest radiography was determined. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) was constructed from validated conceptual framework to find causal relationships between hypothesized factors and intention for preoperative endoscopic chest radiography request. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software version 18.0 and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) version 18.0.ResultsThe questionnaire response rate was 53.79%. Baseline general knowledge on preoperative chest radiography of the participants was comparable. The SEM results showed unsupported relationship between hypothesized factors and the intention for preprocedural GI endoscopic CXR request (p < 0.1).ConclusionsGeneral knowledge of medical personnel on tuberculosis needs improvement. To rectify the unnecessary chest radiography request before elective GI endoscopic procedures, awareness of the patients’ health conditions, adherence to the hospital’s policy and realizing of possible patient-related mishaps are not the determinants for preprocedural endoscopic chest radiography request. Future works are required to explore other alternative factors involved for reducing chest radiography requests which are not indicated.

Aim To identify glove usage within UK and Ireland dental hospitals as well as the use of latex- and non-latex-containing dental equipment.Method A self-completed questionnaire was disseminated to 16 dental hospitals in the summer of 2017. The survey concerned their current use of latex and non-latex gloves and dental equipment. In addition, information was sought regarding any problems associated with non-latex and latex gloves.Results The questionnaire response rate was 13/16 (81%), of which 100% reported the use of non-latex examination gloves. The majority were using nitrile gloves. Twelve of the 13 dental hospitals would use examination gloves for simple extractions and 11 would use sterile gloves for minor oral surgery. In ten hospitals (77%), the sterile gloves were always non-latex, and again, the majority were nitrile. Latex-containing dental equipment including orthodontic bands, prophylactic polishing cups and dental dam was still being used within some dental hospitals, but to a much lesser extent than non-latex.Conclusion All dental hospitals were using latex-free examination gloves and were showing a move towards latex-free dental equipment. This usage is comparable to what has been seen in general dental practice and follows the trend towards latex-free dentistry.

Objectives The objective of this study was to assess whether timing of short messaging service (SMS) reminders improved postal questionnaire return rates from participants in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Study Design and Setting A Study Within A Trial (SWAT) embedded in a multicenter RCT evaluating three treatments for the frozen shoulder. Participants who provided a mobile telephone number were randomized to either prenotification SMS on the day of the questionnaire mail-out or postnotification SMS 4 days after questionnaire mail-out for the 3-month follow-up. The primary outcome was the proportion of participants who returned a valid questionnaire. A systematic review was undertaken to identify other embedded trials to perform a meta-analysis. Results Of the 269 participants, 122/135 (90.4%) returned a valid questionnaire in the prenotification arm and 119/134 (88.8%) in the postnotification arm (difference of −1.6%; 95% CI of difference: −8.9%, 5.7%). There was no difference in time to response (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.80 to 1.34) or need for additional reminders (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.43 to 1.17). Meta-analysis of two RCTs showed no difference in response rates between prenotification and postnotification reminders (OR = 0.78 95% CI: 0.42 to 1.45). Conclusion Timing of SMS reminders did not improve response rates and time to response or affect the need for additional reminders.

Objectives To evaluate the current routine use of latex gloves and latex containing dental dam in UK general dental practice. Methods A questionnaire was disseminated to 89 general dental practitioners (GDPs) in June 2017. The survey concerned their current, routine use of latex gloves and latex-containing dental dam in general dental practice. In addition, monthly sales figures of gloves classified by material, were obtained from a UK dental supply company, for 2015–2017. Results The questionnaire response rate was 84 (94%), of whom 90% reported using non-latex (non-sterile examination) gloves for their routine dentistry. The majority were using nitrile gloves. All GDPs surveyed would use examination gloves for routine extractions, and 76% would use examination gloves for surgical extractions. The majority (75%) reported using non-latex dental dam. Sales of nitrile gloves were significantly higher than for latex gloves, with a continuing trend in the reduction in volume of sales of latex gloves. Conclusion The majority of GDP's now routinely use non-latex containing gloves and dental dam in their clinical dentistry. Nitrile gloves are predominantly used. Examination gloves are used for straightforward extractions, with many practitioners also using them for minor oral surgery. Sales of latex containing gloves are continuing to decrease. Clinical significance The routine use of latex-containing products in UK dental practice is low and likely to reduce further, with on-going benefit for the dental practitioner, latex allergic patients and prevalence of latex allergy in the general population., Dentistry; Evidence based medicine; Materials safety; Immune response; Dental surgery; Dental materials; Oral medicine; Latex, Gloves, Allergy, Nitrile, Dental dam.

This study aims to produce free fall practicum tools by utilizing phototransistor sensors to record the travel time of objects that fall from the starting point to the end point. Dealing with free falling equipment (GJB), equipment in schools is generally still very simple that is using a stopwatch. This type of research is a research and development using 4-d model (define, design, develop and disseminate), which is limited to the stage of development to practicalization activities. Data were collected through validation and responses toward administered questionnaires. Data analysis were conducted by analyzing validation sheet and quantitative response questionnaire by finding percentage of each item on the validation sheet. Then the data validation results are analyzed by descriptive technique to describe the quality of the developed product. The result of calibration of free fall practicum by using phototransistor sensor at 40 cm, 50 cm, and 70 cm distance obtained the average travel time of each object is 0.28 s, 0.32 s, and 0.37 s. These results indicate that the practicum tool has been calibrated. Validation of practicum tool is 72,39% and validation of questionnaire response of practican is 75%, indicating tool categorized valid. Furthermore, this tool is tested in class X.MIA and XI.MIA MAN 3 Payakumbuh which consisted 23 students in the science laboratory of MAN 3 Payakumbuh with the questionnaire response practicality are 87.75% and 84.41% respectively which are categorized very practical.

Response-order effects refer to differences in participant responding based on the order of questionnaire response options. Theory predicts primacy effects (options presented earlier are more frequently endorsed). We predicted primacy effects for unipolar scales related to alcohol. Undergraduates (N = 791) completed questionnaires on drinking motives, personality, and alcohol problems. Participants were randomly assigned to ascending (lowest-to-highest) or descending (highest-to-lowest) response-order conditions. Pre-registered analyses found primacy effects for sensation-seeking and enhancement motives. There was no moderation by sex, ethnicity, or age. Experimental condition had no impact on concurrent validity. Exploratory analyses found that undergraduates selected “Strongly Agree” more often in the descending condition and primacy effects for alcohol problems. Overall, we found evidence for small primacy effects in undergraduate students.

Nutraceutical Aloe vera gel scaffolds, such as acemannan, promote soft tissue organization in biomedical applications and polymeric matrix. Aloe vera hydrogels can induce a much-controlled release of active ingredients and be used as bio-functional scaffolds in a biodegradable form. The before or after questionnaire response for locomotive syndrome was administered: Nutraceutical supplement composed of enzyme-hydrolyzed natural eggshell membrane and curcumin, with Aloe vera juice (AVJ) scaffolds, showed the possible improvement of joint comfort and flexibility. The efficacy for pain and stiffness associated with arthralgia of the knee and hip was evaluated based on locomotive syndrome risk test. Furthermore, w-3polyunsaturated fatty acids (EPA and DHA) and L-Arginine with AVJ revealed a possible dietary efficacy for Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients at stage 3. Prophylactic possible efficacies of AVJ as bio-functional scaffolds are fully expected for increasing collagen synthesis in knee and/or hip joint healing and for mitigation of risk factors of PD patients with diabetes.

Data de Submissão: 1-11-2017 Data de Aceitação: 20-12-2017 A investigação aqui apresentada teve como objetivo caracterizar a implementação de Sistemas Aumentativos e Alternativos de Comunicação (SAACs) junto dos indivíduos com Multideficiência integrados nas Unidades de Apoio Especializado (UAEs) de Portugal Continental, durante o ano letivo 2015-2016. Pretendeu-se ainda efetuar uma determinação qualitativa da frequência de ‘Boas Práticas’ inerentes ao uso de SAACs nessas mesmas UAEs e durante o mesmo período. Foi elaborado um questionário eletrónico destinado a um representante – docente em Educação Especial – de cada uma das 353 UAEs de Portugal Continental. A taxa de resposta foi de apenas 15% da amostra considerada para estudo. Os dados obtidos mostram que, durante o ano letivo 2015-2016, algumas UAEs não dispunham de SAACs para garantir a comunicação efetiva dos indivíduos com Multideficiência impossibilitados de falar. Os dados apontam ainda para lacunas ao nível da implementação de ‘Boas Práticas’ inerentes ao uso de SAACs, impondo-se a necessidade de investigação futura. Best Practices in the provision of Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems for students with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities in specialized education units in mainland Portugal: an unfulfilled need? The present study aimed at a characterization of the implementation of Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems (AACSs) for individuals with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities in Portuguese UAEs (“Unidades de Apoio Especializado para a Educação de Alunos com Multideficiência e Surdocegueira Congénita”), in the school year of 2015/2016. Also, it aimed at assessing the frequency of ‘Best Practices’ in the provision of AACs in these same UAEs. An electronic questionnaire has been created aimed at being filled by one special education teacher per UAE (total of UAEs: N=353). The questionnaire response rate was low: 15% of the sample here considered for analysis. Obtained data showed that, in the school year of 2015-2016, some UAEs, did not had AACSs available for individuals with PIMD, who could not use speech, to communicate effectively. Also, data pointed to some failures in the implementation of the Best Practices in the provision of AACSs, thus calling for additional research. Multiple Disabilities in Portuguese UAEs , Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems (AACSs),Best Practices, Saber & Educar, n. 23 (2017): Contornos da EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA na perspetiva da lei e das respostas educativas

Background: Postal questionnaires are frequently used in randomised controlled trials to collect outcome data on participants; however, poor response can introduce bias, affect generalisability and validity, and reduce statistical power. The objective of this study was to assess whether a pen and/or social incentive text cover letter sent with a postal follow-up questionnaire increased response rates in a trial. Method: A two-by-two factorial randomised controlled trial was embedded within the OTIS host trial. Participants due their 12-month (final) follow-up questionnaire were randomised to be sent: a pen; a social incentive text cover letter; both; or neither. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of participants in each group who returned the questionnaire. Secondary outcomes were: time to return, completeness of the questionnaire, necessity of a reminder letter, and the cost effectiveness. Results: The overall 12-month questionnaire response rate was 721 out of 755 (95.5%). Neither the pen nor social incentive cover letter had a statistically significant effect on response rate: pen 95.2% vs. no pen 95.8%, adjusted OR 0.90 (95% CI 0.45 to 1.80; p=0.77); social incentive cover letter 95.2% vs. no social incentive cover letter 95.8%, adjusted OR 0.84 (95% CI 0.42 to 1.69, p=0.63). No statistically significant differences were observed between either of the intervention groups on time to response, need for a reminder or completeness. Therefore, neither intervention was cost-effective. Conclusions: We found no evidence of a difference in response rates associated with the inclusion of a pen and/or social incentive cover letter with the final follow-up postal questionnaire of the host trial. However, when these results are combined with previous SWATs, the meta-analysis evidence remains that including a pen increases response rates. The social incentive cover letter warrants further investigation to determine effectiveness. Trial registration: ISRCTN22202133 (21st June 2020).

One of the important skills to be mastered in the era of globalization is the critical thinking skills. This research is to determine the average increase of critical thinking skills of learners before and after implementing inquiry learning combined STS, and to know learner response about inquiry learning combined STS. This research was a “pre-experimental design” by design “the group pretest posttest design”. Samples were taken from the students of class VII SMPN 3 Peterongan. Data Collection was done by testing: pretest, posttest and questionnaire response of learners. Pretest and posttest data were analyzed by using paired t-test statistic. Questionnaire response of learners data were analyzed by using a percentage formula. The results of paired t test were 0.00 which was less than 0.05. The conclusion was there are differences in the results of critical thinking skills before and after implementation of inquiry-based teaching materials combined STS. Based on the results of the questionnaire response of learners found that learners gave positive response to the inquiry learning process combined STS.

Objectives Cohort studies must collect data from their participants as economically as possible, while maintaining response rates. This randomized controlled trial investigated whether offering a choice of online or paper questionnaires resulted in improved response rates compared with offering online first. Study Design and Setting Eligible participants were young people in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) study (born April 1, 1991, to December 31, 1992, in the Avon area). After exclusions, 8,795 participants were randomized. The “online first” group were invited to complete the questionnaire online. The “choice” group were also sent a paper questionnaire and offered a choice of completion method. The trial was embedded within routine data collection. The main outcome measure was the number of questionnaires returned. Data on costs were also collected. Results Those in the “online first” arm of the trial were less likely to return a questionnaire [adjusted odds ratio: 0.90; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82, 0.99]. The “choice” arm was more expensive (mean difference per participant £0.71; 95% CI: £0.65, £0.76). It cost an extra £47 to have one extra person to complete the questionnaire in the “choice” arm. Conclusion Offering a choice of completion methods (paper or online) for questionnaires in ALSPAC increased response rates but was more expensive than offering online first.

This study aims at finding out the necessity of teachers’ training to put into practice the LT(Communicative Language Teaching) based English textbooks (English for Today series i.e. EFT) in Bangladesh at school and college levels where Grammar-Translation-Literature based curriculum had been followed for decades. Using a mixed methods approach, I conducted the study by engaging the teacher participants in the questionnaire response, interviewing them, observing their classes and consulting different official reports and research findings. The study revealed that majority of our English teachers are not trained up at all to use these CLT textbooks though they feel that training might definitely skill them well and make them efficient enough to handle the newly designed EFT textbooks more effectively. It further revealed that even trained up teachers cannot create a truly communicative environment in the classroom as the existing testing system encourages students to memorize answers to some probable questions rather than engage them in communicative activities. This paper ends with some recommendations to overcome this existing hopeless situation.IIUC Studies Vol.12 December 2015: 09-26

The study aims at analyzing and describing characteristics of the students’ meta cognition process in completing calculus about function limit application to determine maximum and minimum scores through awareness, evaluation, and regulation as the components. The study involves 23 students of mathematic education department having took differential calculus as the subject. The data of the research were work result, think aloud recording, observation sheet, questionnaire response, and interview manuscript. The group work result were categorized into highly, medium, and low capable subjects. The data collected were then analyzed using comparative method of Glaser and Strauss. Based on the data analysis, it was found that characteristics of the students’ meta cognition process were categorized into highly, medium, and low capable subjects with awareness, evaluation, and regulation indicators the process of which occurred completely, respectively, completely irrespectively, and irrespectively

OBJECTIVES A questionnaire study demonstrated that some adult patients who were diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were in fact having an abdominal wall pain syndrome, such as anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether a pediatric version of this questionnaire was useful in diagnosing abdominal wall pain syndromes in children with chronic abdominal pain (CAP). METHODS An 18-item questionnaire was tested in 3 groups of children with CAP: group 1, children who underwent surgery for ACNES (n = 42); group 2, children who were found to have ACNES after an outpatient analysis (n = 57); and group 3, children diagnosed with IBS (n = 53). Qualities including internal consistency (Cronbach α), cut-off points and a ROC-curve were calculated using standard statistical analysis. RESULTS Questionnaire response rates in the three populations of CAP children ranged from 69% to 92%. When comparing ACNES and IBS groups, 17 of 18 questions were discriminative (P

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as opiniões dos alunos do curso de Engenharia de Transportes da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus de Várzea Grande, quanto a uma técnica de decisão multicriterial utilizada por um docente em duas disciplinas do respectivo curso. Para isto, foi elaborado um questionário eletrônico com 9 perguntas fechadas. Posteriormente, o questionário foi enviado para 23 alunos que cursaram as disciplinas de Economia em Transportes e Pesquisa Operacional em Transportes que foram as disciplinas onde a respectiva técnica foi abordada. A taxa de resposta do questionário foi de 56,52%, visto que 13 alunos responderam o questionário. A partir dos resultados obtidos, foi possível verificar que se configuraram como pontos fortes, as seguintes ações: i) apresentação digital utilizada pelo professor; ii) procedimento adotado para sanar as dúvidas dos alunos; e, iii) resolução de exemplo em planilha eletrônica em laboratório. Além disso, foi possível identificar algumas estratégias que podem ser utilizadas com os alunos para facilitar a compreensão do método Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), sendo elas: i) disponibilizar aos alunos de forma antecipada materiais sobre o método e promover a discussão dos mesmos; e, ii) elaborar um roteiro para o desenvolvimento da atividade individual proposta pelo docente como avaliação do aprendizado. Desse modo, pode-se concluir que a forma como a técnica de decisão multicriterial foi abordada foi bem avaliada conforme as opiniões dos alunos que cursaram as duas disciplinas.

OBJECTIVES To assess whether short message service (SMS) text messages sent as prenotification or postnotification reminders improve questionnaire response rates in randomized controlled trial (RCT) follow-up. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Three "trials within a trial" assessed text message notifications sent before or after receipt of a follow-up questionnaire within an RCT for patients with depression. Consenting patients (n = 523) were randomized to receive a prenotification or no notification at 3 months, prenotification or postnotification at 6 months, and a postnotification or no notification at 12-month follow-up. Unadjusted and adjusted questionnaire return rates and time to return were compared. RESULTS The two trials comparing prenotification or postnotification with no notification at 3- and 9-month follow-up found no evidence of an effect on questionnaire response rates (3-month response rate: 82.9% vs. 84.7% (difference 1.79%, 95% confidence interval [CI] -4.53% to 8.11%, P = 0.58); 9-month response rate: 77.1% vs. 78.5% (difference = -1.44%, 95% CI -8.56% to 5.67%, P = 0.69). For the trial at 6-month follow-up, there was a statistically significant difference in response rates for postnotification (83.2%) compared with prenotification (75.2%), (difference 7.95%, 95% CI 1.00% to 14.91%, P = 0.02). CONCLUSION SMS as a prenotification device seems ineffective. For postnotification, the evidence is unclear.

This study aims: 1) to find out the increase in student learning outcomes; and 2) to find out students' responses after applying BoneLab learning media in class VIII at MTs. Nahdlatul Mujahidin NW Jempong. The research method uses Classroom Action Research (CAR), which consists of 2 cycles, each cycle containing the stages of preparation, implementation, observation, and reflection. The research instruments consisted of: 1) teacher observation sheet activity; 2) student observation sheet activity; 3) learning achievement test sheets; and 4) student questionnaire response sheets. The data analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive analysis with percentages. The results of the study stated that, the activities of teachers in the first cycle carried out "very well" with an average percentage of 86.48%. Whereas in the second cycle, it performed "very well" with an average percentage of 89.60%, an increase of 3.12%. Activities of students in the first cycle, the average percentage obtained was 89.30% with the category "very good". While in cycle II, the average percentage obtained was 91.5% with the category of "very good", an increase of 2.2%. The percentage of the number of students experiencing mastery learning outcomes of students in the first cycle was 46%, and in the second cycle was 66%. The percentage of students' responses to learning is 82.8%.