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2,440 results on '"Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]"'

1. Optimisation du bruit de fond et de la réponse des détecteurs sphériques à gaz pour la recherche de matière noire légère

Author: Brossard, Alexis, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Department of physics, engineering physics and astronomy, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Université Paris-Saclay, Queen's university (Kingston, Canada), Gilles Gerbier, Ioannis Giomataris, and STAR, ABES
Subjects: Matière noire, Background, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Gas detector, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Dark matter, Spherical proportional counter, Compteur proportionnelle sphérique, Détecteur gazeux, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], [PHYS.ASTR.IM] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Bruit de fond
Abstract: The spherical proportional counters have been used by the NEWS-G collaboration since 2013 for dark matter search with the SEDINE detector installed at the Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane. This first detector allowed for establishing a new limit on the WIMP-nucleon cross section for WIMPs of mass less than 0.6 GeV/c². Since then, the collaboration has been working on the development of a new detector. This thesis focuses on two improved aspects of the second detector. The study of the background observed by SEDINE led to the conclusion that it is dominated by the presence of Pb²¹⁰ decay chain on the surfaces and in the materials making up the detector and its shielding. This allowed for the selection of materials and manufacturing methods to reduce the background noise of the next detector. The second development concerns the detector anode. Placed in the center of the sphere, the anode ensures the formation of the signal. The latest developments show the ability of this component to ensure the detection of single electrons while being stable and with good resolution. This study made it possible to develop a new generation of detector which will be installed at SNOLAB in 2020., Les compteurs proportionnels sphériques sont utilisés pour la recherche de matière noire par la collaboration NEWS-G depuis 2013 avec le détecteur SEDINE installé au Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane. Ce premier détecteur a permis d'établir une nouvelle limite de la section efficace d'interaction WIMP-nucléon pour des WIMPs de masse inférieur à 0.6 GeV/c². Depuis, la collaboration travail à la mise au point d'un nouveau détecteur. Cette thèse se concentre sur deux aspects améliorés pour le second détecteur. L'étude du bruit de fond observé par SEDINE a permis de conclure que celui-ci est dominé par le présence de la chaine de désintégration du Pb²¹⁰ sur les surfaces et dans le matériaux composant le détecteur et son blindage. Ceci a permis de sélectionner des matériaux et des procédés de fabrication permettant de réduire le bruit de fond du prochain détecteur. Le second développement concerne l'anode du détecteur. Placée au centre de la sphère, l'anode assure la formation du signal. Les derniers développements montrent la capacité de ce composant à assurer la détection d'électrons uniques en étant stable et avec une bonne résolution.
Published: 2020

2. Functional characterisation of the type 1 von Willebrand disease candidate VWF gene variants: P.M771I, p.L881R and p.P1413L

Author: Berber E., Ozbil M., Brown C., Baslar Z., Caglayan S.H., Lillicrap D., İstanbul Arel Üniversitesi, Berber, E., Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul, Turkey, Moleküler Biyoloji Ve Genetik Bölümü, Istanbul Arel Üniversitesi, Tepekent Büyükçekmece, Istanbul, 34357, Turkey, Ozbil, M., Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul, Turkey, Brown, C., Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada, Baslar, Z., Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey, Caglayan, S.H., Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bo?aziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey, and Lillicrap, D., Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
Subjects: ComputingMilieux_MANAGEMENTOFCOMPUTINGANDINFORMATIONSYSTEMS, ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION, VWF gene, Type 1 VWD, Von Willebrand disease, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, VWF, Weibel-Palade bodies, InformationSystems_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: PubMed ID: 27483487, Background. Abnormalities in the biosynthetic pathway or increased clearance of plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF) are likely to contribute to decreased plasma VWF levels in inherited type 1 von Willebrand disease (VWD). Recent studies demonstrated that 65% of type 1 VWD patients have candidate VWF mutations, the majority of which are missense variants. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of three VWF missense mutations (p.M771I, p.L881R and p.P1413L) located in different functional domains of VWF, reported as candidate mutations in type 1 VWD patients in the course of the MCMDM-1VWD study. Materials and methods. The focus of these studies was on the intracellular biosynthetic processing and localisation of VWF in a heterologous cell system. Molecular dynamic simulation for p.M771I and p.P1413L was also performed to analyse the conformational effects of the changes. Results. As determined by immunofluorescence antibody staining and confocal microscopy of HEK293 cells, the intracellular localisation of recombinant VWF with the p.M771I variation was impaired. Transient transfection studies and phorbol myristate acetate stimulation in COS-7 cells revealed significant intracellular retention. In addition, major loss of VWF multimers was observed for only the p.M771I mutation. Molecular dynamic simulations on p.M771I mutant VWF revealed distinct structural rearrangements including a large deviation in the E' domain, and significant loss of ?-sheet secondary structure. Discussion. The pathogenic effects of candidate VWF gene mutations were explored in this study. In vitro expression studies in heterologous cell systems revealed impaired secretion of VWF and a dominant negative effect on the processing of the wild-type protein for only the p.M771I mutation and none of the mutations affected the regulated secretion. © 2017 SIMTI Servizi Srl., N. 2011-9 107S320, This study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Project N. 107S320) and Turkish Society of Haematology (Project N. 2011-9).
Published: 2017

3. Safeguarding nutrients from coral reefs under climate change

Author: Camille Mellin, Christina C. Hicks, Damien A. Fordham, Christopher D. Golden, Marian Kjellevold, M. Aaron MacNeil, Eva Maire, Sangeeta Mangubhai, David Mouillot, Kirsty L. Nash, Johnstone O. Omukoto, James P. W. Robinson, Rick D. Stuart-Smith, Jessica Zamborain-Mason, Graham J. Edgar, Nicholas A. J. Graham, Australian Institute of Marine Science [Townsville] (AIMS Townsville), Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), University of Adelaide, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Dalhousie University [Halifax], Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), University of Alabama [Tuscaloosa] (UA), and Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]
Subjects: Ecology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: International audience; The sustainability of coral reef fisheries is jeopardized by complex and interacting socio-ecological stressors that undermine their contribution to food and nutrition security. Climate change has emerged as one of the key stressors threatening coral reefs and their fish-associated services. How fish nutrient concentrations respond to warming oceans remains unclear but these responses are probably affected by both direct (metabolism and trophodynamics) and indirect (habitat and species range shifts) effects. Climate-driven coral habitat loss can cause changes in fish abundance and biomass, revealing potential winners and losers among major fisheries targets that can be predicted using ecological indicators and biological traits. A critical next step is to extend research focused on the quantity of available food (fish biomass) to also consider its nutritional quality, which is relevant to progress in the fields of food security and malnutrition. Biological traits are robust predictors of fish nutrient content and thus potentially indicate how climate-driven changes are expected to impact nutrient availability within future food webs on coral reefs. Here, we outline future research priorities and an anticipatory framework towards sustainable reef fisheries contributing to nutrition-sensitive food systems in a warming ocean.
Published: 2022

4. Adaptive Immunity in Genitourinary Cancers

Author: Madhuri Koti, Trinity Bivalacqua, Peter C. Black, Toni Cathomen, Matthew D. Galsky, James L. Gulley, Molly A. Ingersoll, Ashish M. Kamat, Wassim Kassouf, D. Robert Siemens, Jianjun Gao, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], University of Pennsylvania, University of British Columbia [Vancouver], University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Inflammation et immunité des muqueuses - Mucosal Inflammation and Immunity, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center [Houston], McGill University Health Center [Montreal] (MUHC), and This work was supported by funding from the Cancer Research Society to Madhuri Koti.
Subjects: Prostate cancer, Oncology, Tumor immune microenvironment, Urology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bladder cancer, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Surgery, Kidney cancer, Immune checkpoint inhibitor, Tertiary lymphoid structure, Genitourinary cancers
Abstract: International audience; ContextWhile urothelial and renal cell cancers have exhibited modest responses to novel immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed death ligand 1 and its receptor, response rates in patients with prostate cancer have remained poor. The factors underlying suboptimal outcomes observed in patients treated with novel immunotherapies are still to be resolved.ObjectiveTo review the literature and describe the key adaptive immune physiological events associated with cancer progression and therapeutic response in genitourinary (GU) cancers.Evidence acquisitionWe performed a nonsystematic, collaborative narrative review to highlight recent advancements leading to the current state of knowledge on the critical mediators of antitumor adaptive immunity to GU cancers. Further, we discuss the findings on the pre- and post-treatment immunological events that either are unique to each of the three cancer types or exhibit overlapping clinical associations.Evidence synthesisAging-associated immune function decline is a major factor underlying poor outcomes observed in patients treated with both conventional and novel immunotherapies. Other cancer immunobiological aspects associated with suboptimal responses in GU cancers include the overall tumor mutational burden, mutations in specific tumor suppressor/DNA damage repair genes (KDM6A, PTEN, STAG2, TP53, ATM, and BRCA2), and abundance of multiple functional states of adaptive immune cells and their spatiotemporal localization within the tumor immune microenvironment. Understanding these mechanisms may potentially lead to the development of prognostic and predictive biomarkers such as immune cell infiltration profiles and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) that associate with variable clinical outcomes depending on the nature of the novel immunotherapeutic approach. Implementation of newer immune-monitoring technologies and improved preclinical modeling systems will augment our understanding of the host and tumor intrinsic factors contributing to the variability of responses to immunotherapies.ConclusionsDespite the tremendous progress made in the understanding of dynamic and static adaptive immune elements within the tumor immune landscape, several knowledge gaps remain. A comprehensive knowledge thus gained will lead to precision immunotherapy, improved drug sequencing, and a therapeutic response.Patient summaryWe performed a collaborative review by a diverse group of experts in the field to examine our understanding of the events and crosstalk between cancer cells and the patient’s immune system that are associated with responses to novel immunotherapies. An evolving understanding of tumor-intrinsic and host-related immune alterations, both before and after therapy, will aid in the discovery of promising markers of responses to immunotherapy as well as the development of unique therapeutic approaches for the management of genitourinary cancers.
Published: 2023

5. Hippocampal Cannabinoid 1 Receptors Are Modulated Following Cocaine Self-administration in Male Rats

Author: David De Sa Nogueira, Romain Bourdy, Rafael Alcala-Vida, Dominique Filliol, Virginie Andry, Yannick Goumon, Jean Zwiller, Pascal Romieu, Karine Merienne, Mary C. Olmstead, Katia Befort, Laboratoire de neurosciences cognitives et adaptatives (LNCA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey [New Brunswick] (RU), Rutgers University System (Rutgers), Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], and Goumon, Yannick
Subjects: Male, Neuroscience (miscellaneous), Self Administration, Hippocampus, Nucleus Accumbens, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, HPC: hippocampus, Cocaine, Animals, Receptors, Cannabinoid, reward, Cannabinoids, GPCR: G protein coupled receptor, VTA: ventral tegmental area, [SCCO] Cognitive science, cannabinoid, Rats, NAc: nucleus accumbens, nervous system, Neurology, epigenetic Amy: amygdala, gene expression, Cocaine-SA: cocaine self-administration, addiction, DS: dorsal striatum, PFC: prefrontal cortex
Abstract: International audience; Cocaine addiction is a complex pathology inducing long-term neuroplastic changes that, in turn, contribute to maladaptive behaviors. This behavioral dysregulation is associated with transcriptional reprogramming in brain reward circuitry, although the mechanisms underlying this modulation remain poorly understood. The endogenous cannabinoid system may play a role in this process in that cannabinoid mechanisms modulate drug reward and contribute to cocaine-induced neural adaptations. In this study, we investigated whether cocaine self-administration induces long-term adaptations, including transcriptional modifications and associated epigenetic processes. We first examined endocannabinoid gene expression in reward-related brain regions of the rat following self-administered (0.33 mg/kg intravenous, FR1, 10 days) cocaine injections. Interestingly, we found increased Cnr1 expression in several structures, including prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, dorsal striatum, hippocampus, habenula, amygdala, lateral hypothalamus, ventral tegmental area, and rostromedial tegmental nucleus, with most pronounced effects in the hippocampus. Endocannabinoid levels, measured by mass spectrometry, were also altered in this structure. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by qPCR in the hippocampus revealed that two activating histone marks, H3K4Me3 and H3K27Ac, were enriched at specific endocannabinoid genes following cocaine intake. Targeting CB1 receptors using chromosome conformation capture, we highlighted spatial chromatin re-organization in the hippocampus, as well as in the nucleus accumbens, suggesting that destabilization of the chromatin may contribute to neuronal responses to cocaine. Overall, our results highlight a key role for the hippocampus in cocaine-induced plasticity and broaden the understanding of neuronal alterations associated with endocannabinoid signaling. The latter suggests that epigenetic modifications contribute to maladaptive behaviors associated with chronic drug use.
Published: 2022

6. Physical Layer Metrics Estimation for CSMA/CA Networks Using a Markov Modeling and Source Enumeration

Author: Mohamed Rabie Oularbi, Abdeldjalil Aissa-El-Bey, Sebastien Houcke, Saeed Gazor, Département Signal et Communications ( SC ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering - Faculty od Engineering and Applied Science (Queen's university - Kingston, Canada) ( ECE ), Lab-STICC_TB_CACS_COM, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance ( Lab-STICC ), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Département Signal et Communications (SC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering - Faculty od Engineering and Applied Science (Queen's university - Kingston, Canada) (ECE), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), and Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Vertical handover, Computer science, Real-time computing, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Markov model, IEEE 802.11, Vertical Handover, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Markov chain, Wireless network, Quality of service, WiFi, Physical layer, Cognitive Radio, Markov Chains, Cognitive radio, Handover, Control and Systems Engineering, Signal Processing, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Software, Carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance, Decoding methods, Active networking, Communication channel
Abstract: International audience; The existence of multiple wireless networks with different radio access technologies and protocols makes the radio environment heterogeneous. In order to provide the best Quality of Service available from the active networks, and satisfy the concept of always best connected, one can take advantage of this heterogeneity by developing multi-mode terminals able to smartly switch from one interface to another. This switching process, known as \textit{Vertical HandOver} (VHO), requires some relevant metrics to be measured by the terminal in order to decide whether to trigger a VHO or not. Using multiple antennas, we propose to track the number of active sources and employ the results in CSMA/CA networks for VHO. The proposed algorithm is developed using a Markov chain model for sources enumeration at any given time. We also use a three state Markov model for CSMA/CA networks and show how this algorithm can be applied to recursively obtain two informative metrics about the channel state, namely, the channel occupancy rate and the collision rate. Numerical simulations confirm that the proposed algorithm performs well for practical SNR values. The proposed algorithm relies on a physical layer sensing and requires no connection to the access point, no synchronization, no signal demodulation and no frame decoding. This particularity ensures a seamless handover with a time/energy economy.
Published: 2014

7. Growing shrinking cities

Author: Maxwell Hartt, Beatriz Fernandez, École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), Géographie-cités (GC (UMR_8504)), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]
Subjects: CRIA, [SHS.ARCHI]Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management, pro-growth policy, ACL, 05 social sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 0507 social and economic geography, 1. No poverty, regional disparities, General Social Sciences, 021107 urban & regional planning, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 02 engineering and technology, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, demographic change, Demographic change, Political science, Shrinking cities, 11. Sustainability, Development economics, shrinking cities, 050703 geography, General Environmental Science
Abstract: International audience; Shrinking cities have been touted as an opportunity to rethink unsustainable growth-centric policies, but to what extenthave they abdicated from the pro-growth urban agenda? We explore one of the most overtly growth-oriented ‘solutions’to urban shrinkage: housing construction. Our nationwide analysis of Spanish cities illustrates the widespread emergenceof shrinking cities following the Great Recession and the disconnect between population and housing dynamics. Ourfindings highlight the continued demographic decline of Spanish shrinking cities despite considerable spatial growth.This depiction of growing shrinking cities expands conceptualizations of urban shrinkage and advances discussionsregarding the growth imperative in planning cultures.
Published: 2021

8. Ultraviolet-induced fluorescence of poly(methyl methacrylate) compared to 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl-1,3-butadiene down to 4 K

Author: E. Ellingwood, H. Benmansour, Q. Hars, J. Hucker, V. Pereymak, J.M. Corning, P. Perrin, G.R. Araujo, P.C.F. Di Stefano, M. Kuźniak, T.R. Pollmann, M. Hamel, M.G. Boulay, B. Cai, D. Gallacher, A. Kemp, J. Mason, P. Skensved, M. Stringer, Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Technische Universität München = Technical University of Munich (TUM), Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center (AstroCENT), Carleton University, Laboratoire Capteurs et Architectures Electroniques (LCAE), Département Métrologie Instrumentation & Information (DM2I), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, and European Project: 952480,DarkWave
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Poly(methyl methacrylate), Acrylic, 3-butadiene, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 4-tetraphenyl-1, spectrum analysis, Fluorescence, radioactivity, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], ionizing radiation, Wavelength shifter, Instrumentation, liquid scintillator, nuclear instrumentation, Light yield
Abstract: Several particle-physics experiments use poly(methyl methacrylate) (a.k.a. PMMA or acrylic) vessels to contain liquid scintillators. Superluminal charged particles emitted from radioactive impurities in or near the acrylic can emit Cherenkov radiation in the ultraviolet (UV) spectra range. If acrylic fluoresces in the visible range due to this UV light, it could be a source of background in experiments where the main signal is visible scintillation light, or UV scintillation light that is absorbed and re-emitted at visible wavelengths by a wavelength shifter. Some of these experiments operate at low temperature. The fluorescence of these materials could change with temperature so we have studied the fluorescence of the acrylic used in the DEAP-3600 experiment down to a temperature of 4 K, and compared it to the common wavelength shifter 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl-1,3-butadiene (TPB). The light yield and wavelength spectra of these materials were characterized by exciting the sample with 285 nm UV light which acted as a proxy for Cherenkov light in the detector. Spectral measurements indicate at least part of the fluorescence of the acrylic is due to additives. Time-resolved measurements show the light yields of our acrylic sample, TPB sample, and the relative light between both samples, all increase when cooling down. At room temperature, the light yield of our acrylic sample relative to the TPB sample is 0.3 %, while it reaches 0.5 % at 4 K. The main fluorescence time constant of the acrylic is less than a few nanoseconds., Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures
Published: 2022

9. Exploiting the pilot pattern orthogonality of ofdma signals for the estimation of base stations number of antennas

Author: Saeed Gazor, Sebastien Houcke, Abdeldjalil Aissa-El-Bey, Mohamed Rabie Oularbi, Département Signal et Communications (SC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering - Faculty od Engineering and Applied Science (Queen's university - Kingston, Canada) (ECE), Lab-STICC_TB_CACS_COM, Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Télécom Bretagne (devenu IMT Atlantique), Ex-Bibliothèque, Département Signal et Communications ( SC ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance ( Lab-STICC ), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering - Faculty od Engineering and Applied Science (Queen's university - Kingston, Canada) ( ECE ), and Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM )
Subjects: Computer science, Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, Cognitive radio, 02 engineering and technology, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY, 01 natural sciences, Base station, Orthogonality, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Computer Science::Information Theory, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Sequence, Signal processing, business.industry, 010401 analytical chemistry, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 0104 chemical sciences, Identification (information), Antenna (radio), Telecommunications, business, Algorithm, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: In a recent work [1, 2], we proposed a GLR (Generalized Likelihood Ratio) test dedicated to the identification of OFDM systems. In the present paper, we show that the proposed technique can be extended for the estimation of the number of antennas used by a base station. This extension is made possible thanks to the orthogonality property that exhibits the pilot pattern associated to the different antennas. Thanks to a multi-hypothesis testing we show that the number of transmitting antennas is estimated using only one antenna at the receiver and without any knowledge of the pilot sequence.
Published: 2013

10. GLR test for OFDM system identification using pilot tones pattern

Author: Abdeldjalil Aissa-El-Bey, Mohamed Rabie Oularbi, Saeed Gazor, Sebastien Houcke, Département Signal et Communications (SC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering - Faculty od Engineering and Applied Science (Queen's university - Kingston, Canada) (ECE), Lab-STICC_TB_CACS_COM, Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Département Signal et Communications ( SC ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance ( Lab-STICC ), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering - Faculty od Engineering and Applied Science (Queen's university - Kingston, Canada) ( ECE ), and Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM )
Subjects: Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, Cognitive radio, Quality of service, 05 social sciences, Real-time computing, System identification, 050801 communication & media studies, 020206 networking & telecommunications, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, 02 engineering and technology, Cognitive network, WiMAX, Computer Science Applications, Base station, 0508 media and communications, Signal Processing, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, OFDM, Communication channel, Active networking
Abstract: International audience; In the context of cognitive network architecture, an opportunistic cognitive receiver must identify the present active networks. In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm for the identification of OFDM networks exploiting the pilot patterns used in these standards which are prescribed uniquely by their underlying standards. These pilots are inserted for the channel estimation and synchronization between the base stations and their users. The proposed Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) not only allows a cognitive observer to detect the active networks by analyzing the observed signals but also performs channel estimation, time-frequency synchronization as well as estimation of the noise variance. These informations are of a great interest for Quality of Service estimation in the purpose of an association with the base station. The proposed solution is applicable to the existing standards (e.g., LTE, WiMAX, WiFi), doesn’t require any signaling overhead to be embedded on the pilot tones, is computationally inexpensive and only requires to know the pilot patterns. An other GLRT is proposed as a pre-detector which ignores the pilot information and allows to reduce the computational cost of the system for the cases where a large number of patterns/systems are to be tested.
Published: 2013

11. Enumeration of base station antennas in a cognitive receiver by exploiting pilot patterns

Author: Saeed Gazor, Sebastien Houcke, Abdeldjalil Aissa-El-Bey, M-R Oularbi, Département Signal et Communications ( SC ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance ( Lab-STICC ), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering - Faculty od Engineering and Applied Science (Queen's university - Kingston, Canada) ( ECE ), Lab-STICC_TB_CACS_COM, Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -ENSTA Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Département Signal et Communications (SC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering - Faculty od Engineering and Applied Science (Queen's university - Kingston, Canada) (ECE), and Université de Brest (UBO)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM)
Subjects: Computer science, Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, Cognitive radio, Radio receiver, 02 engineering and technology, Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, law.invention, Base station, law, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Computer Science::Information Theory, OFDM, Directional antenna, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Computer Science Applications, Modeling and Simulation, Noise (video), Antenna (radio), Telecommunications, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Communication channel
Abstract: International audience; This letter deals with the identification of the number of transmitting antennas at a base station. This estimation is achieved by exploiting the orthogonality between the pilot patterns from each transmitting antenna. This orthogonality allows us to use multi-hypothesis testing in order to enumerate the number of transmitting antennas using only one antenna at the receiver. As a side product, the proposed algorithm allows us to estimate the channel gains from all transmitting antennas and the noise variance.
Published: 2013

12. The endocannabinoid system is modulated in reward and homeostatic brain regions following diet-induced obesity in rats: a cluster analysis approach

Author: Mary C. Olmstead, Alexandra Hertz, Romain Bourdy, Yannick Goumon, Katia Befort, Dominique Filliol, Virginie Andry, Jorge E. Mendoza, Laboratoire de neurosciences cognitives et adaptatives (LNCA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Goumon, Yannick, and Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cannabinoid receptor, Dopamine, Medicine (miscellaneous), 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Nucleus accumbens, Biology, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 03 medical and health sciences, Eating, 0302 clinical medicine, Reward, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Cluster Analysis, Obesity, Rats, Wistar, 2. Zero hunger, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, Leptin receptor, Mass spectrometry, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Diet-induced obesity, Brain, [SCCO] Cognitive science, Original Contribution, Endocannabinoid system, 3. Good health, Diet, Rats, Ventral tegmental area, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Brain stimulation reward, Ghrelin, Gene expression, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, medicine.drug, Endocannabinoids
Abstract: Objectives Increased availability of high-calorie palatable food in most countries has resulted in overconsumption of these foods, suggesting that excessive eating is driven by pleasure, rather than metabolic need. The behavior contributes to the rise in eating disorders, obesity, and associated pathologies like diabetes, cardiac disease, and cancers. The mesocorticolimbic dopamine and homeostatic circuits are interconnected and play a central role in palatable food intake. The endocannabinoid system is expressed in these circuits and represents a potent regulator of feeding, but the impact of an obesogenic diet on its expression is not fully known. Methods Food intake and body weight were recorded in male Wistar rats over a 6-week free-choice regimen of high fat and sugar; transcriptional regulations of the endocannabinoid system were examined post-mortem in brain reward regions (prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, ventral tegmental area, and arcuate nucleus). K-means cluster analysis was used to classify animals based on individual sensitivity to obesity and palatable food intake. Endocannabinoid levels were quantified in the prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens. Gene expression in dopamine and homeostatic systems, including ghrelin and leptin receptors, and classical homeostatic peptides, were also investigated. Results The free-choice high-fat -and sugar diet induced hyperphagia and obesity in rats. Cluster analysis revealed that the propensity to develop obesity and excessive palatable food intake was differently associated with dopamine and endocannabinoid system gene expression in reward and homeostatic brain regions. CB2 receptor mRNA was increased in the nucleus accumbens of high sugar consumers, whereas CB1 receptor mRNA was decreased in obesity prone rats. Conclusions Transcriptional data are consistent with observations of altered dopamine function in rodents that have access to an obesogenic diet and point to cannabinoid receptors as GPCR targets involved in neuroplasticity mechanisms associated with maladaptive intake of palatable food. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00394-021-02613-0.
Published: 2021

13. Effects on Amorphous Silicon Photovoltaic Performance from High-temperature Annealing Pulses in Photovoltaic Thermal Hybrid Devices

Author: Joshua M. Pearce, M. Pathak, S. J. Harrison, Queen's Applied Sustainability Laboratory, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]-Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]-Michigan Tech Open Sustainability Laboratory, and Michigan Technological University (MTU)-Michigan Technological University (MTU)
Subjects: Amorphous silicon, PVT, Materials science, Annealing (metallurgy), 020209 energy, Photovoltaic thermal hybrid, a-Si:H, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, amorphous silicon, 7. Clean energy, Annealing, photovoltaic, chemistry.chemical_compound, a-Si, Thermal, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Staebler-Wronski Effect, Solar thermal collector, degradation, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, PV/T, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Photovoltaic system, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Solar energy, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, solar cell, Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Hydrogenated amorphous silicon, Hybrid system, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Optoelectronics, annealing, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; There is a renewed interest in photovoltaic solar thermal (PVT) hybrid systems, which harvest solar energy for heat and electricity. Typically, a main focus of a PVT system is to cool the photovoltaic (PV) cells to improve the electrical performance, however, this causes the thermal component to under-perform compared to a solar thermal collector. The low temperature coefficients of amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) allow for the PV cells to be operated at higher temperatures and are a potential candidate for a more symbiotic PVT system. The fundamental challenge of a-Si:H PV is light-induced degradation known as the Staebler-Wronski effect (SWE). Fortunately, SWE is reversible and the a-Si:H PV efficiency can be returned to its initial state if the cell is annealed. Thus an opportunity exists to deposit a-Si:H directly on the solar thermal absorber plate where the cells could reach the high temperatures required for annealing. In this study, this opportunity is explored experimentally. First a-Si:H PV cells were annealed for 1 hour at 100\degreeC on a 12 hour cycle and for the remaining time the cells were degraded at 50\degreeC in order to simulate stagnation of a PVT system for 1 hour once a day. It was found that, when comparing the cells after stabilization at normal 50\degreeC degradation, this annealing sequence resulted in a 10.6% energy gain when compared to a cell that was only degraded at 50\degreeC.
Published: 2012
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14. Identification de systèmes OFDM à partir de la signature des pilotes

Author: Mohamed Rabie Oularbi, Saeed Gazor, Sébastien Houcke, Abdeldjalil Aissa El Bey, Département Signal et Communications (SC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering - Faculty od Engineering and Applied Science (Queen's university - Kingston, Canada) (ECE), Lab-STICC_TB_CACS_COM, Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (UMR 3192) (Lab-STICC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Signal et Communications ( SC ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering - Faculty od Engineering and Applied Science (Queen's university - Kingston, Canada) ( ECE ), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (UMR 3192) ( Lab-STICC ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Télécom Bretagne, Bibliothèque
Subjects: [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: National audience; Cet article traite la problématique de l'identification de systèmes basés sur une couche physique OFDM. Dans une récente publication nous avons proposé un test GLR exploitant seulement la position des pilotes. Dans le présent document, nous proposons d'exploiter la corrélation souvent introduite entre paires de pilotes afin d'améliorer les performances de notre détecteur. Les résultats de simulations montrent que l'algorithme proposé est plus performant que notre première approche ainsi que les techniques existantes dans la littérature. Bien plus qu'une détection de système, l'algorithme que nous proposons effectue aussi une estimation de canal et de la puissance du bruit et ce moyennant un faible coût de calcul.
Published: 2011

15. OFDM system identification using pilot tone signature

Author: Mohamed Rabie Oularbi, Saeed Gazor, Sebastien Houcke, Abdeldjalii Aissa-El-Bey, Télécom Bretagne, Bibliothèque, Département Signal et Communications (SC), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Bretagne-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (UMR 3192) (Lab-STICC), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering - Faculty od Engineering and Applied Science (Queen's university - Kingston, Canada) (ECE), Lab-STICC_TB_CACS_COM, Université de Brest (UBO)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques (IBNM), Département Signal et Communications ( SC ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (UMR 3192) ( Lab-STICC ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM ), Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering - Faculty od Engineering and Applied Science (Queen's university - Kingston, Canada) ( ECE ), and Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Université de Bretagne Sud ( UBS ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Brestois du Numérique et des Mathématiques ( IBNM )
Subjects: Pilot signal, Computational complexity theory, Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, Computer science, Speech recognition, Detector, System identification, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Likelihood-ratio test, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Redundancy (engineering), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Detection theory, Algorithm, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; This paper deals with the challenge of OFDM system identification. In a recent paper, we developed a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test approach that exploits only the pilot positions to detect the presence of a given system. In this paper, we propose to exploit the redundancy often induced between the pilot symbols as a side information to improve the detector performance. Computer simulations show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the first proposed method and the existing techniques in the literature. More than system detection, the proposed algorithm performs channel estimation as well as estimation of the noise variance and is computationally inexpensive.
Published: 2011

16. Biological trade-offs underpin coral reef ecosystem functioning

Author: Nina M. D. Schiettekatte, Simon J. Brandl, Jordan M. Casey, Nicholas A. J. Graham, Diego R. Barneche, Deron E. Burkepile, Jacob E. Allgeier, Jesús E. Arias-Gonzaléz, Graham J. Edgar, Carlos E. L. Ferreira, Sergio R. Floeter, Alan M. Friedlander, Alison L. Green, Michel Kulbicki, Yves Letourneur, Osmar J. Luiz, Alexandre Mercière, Fabien Morat, Katrina S. Munsterman, Enrico L. Rezende, Fabian A. Rodríguez‐Zaragoza, Rick D. Stuart-Smith, Laurent Vigliola, Sébastien Villéger, Valeriano Parravicini, Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), Marine Science Institute [Santa Barbara] (MSI), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Universidade Federal Fluminense [Rio de Janeiro] (UFF), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina = Federal University of Santa Catarina [Florianópolis] (UFSC), University of Hawaii, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Ouest]), Ecologie marine tropicale des océans Pacifique et Indien (ENTROPIE [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Ifremer - Nouvelle-Calédonie, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC), Charles Darwin University [Australia], Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditérranéens (CEFREM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology [Santa Barbara] (EEMB), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC), Universidad de Guadalajara, MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and ANR-17-CE32-0006,REEFLUX,Flux d'énergie au sein des récifs coralliens: une perspective basée sur les vertébrés(2017)
Subjects: [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Ecology, Coral Reefs, Climate Change, Animals, Biodiversity, Biomass, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecosystem, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography
Abstract: International audience; Human impact increasingly alters global ecosystems, often reducing biodiversity and disrupting the provision of essential ecosystem services to humanity. Therefore, preserving ecosystem functioning is a critical challenge of the twenty-first century. Coral reefs are declining worldwide due to the pervasive effects of climate change and intensive fishing, and although research on coral reef ecosystem functioning has gained momentum, most studies rely on simplified proxies, such as fish biomass. This lack of quantitative assessments of multiple process-based ecosystem functions hinders local and regional conservation efforts. Here we combine global coral reef fish community surveys and bioenergetic models to quantify five key ecosystem functions mediated by coral reef fishes. We show that functions exhibit critical trade-offs driven by varying community structures, such that no community can maximize all functions. Furthermore, functions are locally dominated by few species, but the identity of dominant species substantially varies at the global scale. In fact, half of the 1,110 species in our dataset are functionally dominant in at least one location. Our results reinforce the need for a nuanced, locally tailored approach to coral reef conservation that considers multiple ecological functions beyond the effect of standing stock biomass.
Published: 2022

17. Impacts of dissolved phosphorus and soil-mineral-fluid interactions on CO2 removal through enhanced weathering of wollastonite in soils

Author: Wood, Cameron, Harrison, Anna L., Power, Ian M., Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Trent University
Subjects: Mineral-soil interactions, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Geochemistry and Petrology, 550 Earth sciences & geology, Environmental Chemistry, Enhanced rock weathering, CO2 removal, Wollastonite, [SDU.STU.AG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology, Pollution, Negative emissions technologies
Abstract: International audience; The weathering of silicate minerals removes carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere over geologic timescales and is also investigated as an engineered strategy to mitigate climate change on decadal timescales. “Enhanced rock weathering” (ERW) is a carbon dioxide removal strategy that involves spreading of pulverized, highly reactive silicate rock at the Earth's surface such as within agricultural and natural soils. The rate and efficacy of ERW in agricultural soils to remove CO2 is difficult to quantify owing to the complex geochemical environment including biological-mineral-fluid-atmosphere interactions and human interventions that occur. Column experiments containing wollastonite [CaSiO3] and soils were conducted to investigate the geochemical processes that remove CO2 during ERW, and to determine the potential impact of P-bearing fertilizers on CO2 removal. Columns containing wollastonite, soil, or 8:1 soil-wollastonite mixtures were irrigated with de-ionized water or a 1 × 10−4 M K3PO4 solution. Analysis of column effluent concentrations indicated that P was rapidly removed from solution and retained within the columns, with little difference in weathering rate between columns irrigated with water and those receiving the K3PO4 solution. Bulk wollastonite weathering rates were significantly enhanced in the presence of soils compared to columns with wollastonite alone. Cation concentrations in effluent from columns with soil-wollastonite mixtures were strongly impacted by adsorption to soil surfaces, complicating efforts to estimate CO2 capture. Based on wollastonite weathering rates estimated by Si release, a maximum of 255 kg CO2 t−1 amendment yr−1 was captured in the soil-wollastonite mixture columns. The majority of CO2 stored in the soil-bearing columns was most likely soil-generated rather than removed directly from the atmosphere. The results of this study indicate that adsorption to soils may limit the ability of P to enhance wollastonite weathering, that silicate weathering behaviour within soils differs substantially from that of pure mineral phases, and that CO2 budgets must be carefully constrained to assess the source of stored CO2. Moreover, leachate concentrations of cations and HCO3− may not serve as accurate indicators of the extent of silicate weathering, at least over the short term, due to the numerous processes that control their concentrations in soils, such as sorption to soil components.
Published: 2023

18. The role of peripheral muscle fatigability on exercise intolerance in COPD

Author: Samuel Verges, Mathieu Marillier, Anne-Catherine Bernard, J. Alberto Neder, Hypoxie et PhysioPathologie (HP2), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], and SALAS, Danielle
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Exercise limitation, neuromuscular fatigue, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pulmonary disease, Exercise intolerance, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, 030212 general & internal medicine, skeletal muscle, Muscle, Skeletal, Exercise, Peripheral muscle, COPD, Exercise Tolerance, business.industry, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Skeletal muscle, medicine.disease, Exercise Therapy, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.anatomical_structure, 030228 respiratory system, Neuromuscular fatigue, Muscle dysfunction, Cardiology, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: International audience; Introduction: Exercise limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is multi-factorial; however, growing evidence indicates that muscle dysfunction may contribute in some patients.Areas covered: This work outlines current evidence for and against increased peripheral muscle fatigability in COPD through a comprehensive review of relevant literature available on PubMed/MEDLINE until May 2020. The authors first discuss key methodological issues relative to muscle fatigue assessment by non-volitional techniques, particularly magnetic stimulation. The authors then provide a detailed discussion of critical studies to have objectively measured skeletal muscle fatigue in individuals with COPD.Expert opinion: Current evidence indicates that localized (knee extension) and cycling exercise are associated with increased quadriceps fatigability in most COPD patients. Increased fatigability, however, has not been consistently found in response to walking, likely reflecting the tendency of 'central' respiratory constraints to overshadow potential functional impairments in the appendicular muscles in this form of exercise. Thus, addressing skeletal muscle abnormalities may be critical to translate improvements in lung mechanics (e.g., due to bronchodilator therapy) into better exercise tolerance. The positive effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on muscle fatigability are particularly encouraging and suggest a role for these measurements to test the efficacy of emerging adjunct training strategies focused on the peripheral muscles.
Published: 2020

19. DNA Methylation in Ensifer Species during Free-Living Growth and during Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiosis with Medicago spp

Author: Alessio Mengoni, Nicole Shapiro, Matthew J. Blow, Peter Mergaert, Tanja Woyke, Quentin Nicoud, Emanuele G. Biondi, Benoit Alunni, Janis H.T. Cheng, Lisa Cangioli, George C. diCenzo, Bulgarelli, Davide, Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), DOE Joint Genome Institute [Walnut Creek], Department of Energy / Joint Genome Institute (DOE), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Laboratoire de chimie bactérienne (LCB), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), ANR-11-EQPX-0029,MORPHOSCOPE 2,Imagerie et reconstruction multiéchelles de la morphogenèse. (Plateforme d'innovation technologique et méthodologique pour l'imagerie in vivo et la reconstruction des dynamiques multiéchelles de la morphogenèse)(2011), ANR-11-IDEX-0003,IPS,Idex Paris-Saclay(2011), ANR-17-CE20-0011,SymbiontCellCyc,Rôle du cycle cellulaire bactérien dans la fixation symbiotique d'azote chez les Légumineuses(2017), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), I2BC - Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell [Gif-sur-Yvette] (I2BC), and Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Subjects: symbiotic nitrogen fixation, Methyltransferase, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Cell, Biology, rhizobia, Biochemistry, Microbiology, DNA sequencing, 03 medical and health sciences, Underpinning research, CcrM, medicine, Genetics, Endoreduplication, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Replicon, Aetiology, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, DNA methylation, 030306 microbiology, Human Genome, fungi, Cell cycle regulation, Rhizobia, Symbiotic nitrogen fixation, food and beverages, Methylation, Cell cycle, Computer Science Applications, medicine.anatomical_structure, Modeling and Simulation, Infection, cell cycle regulation, Research Article
Abstract: Methylation of specific DNA sequences is ubiquitous in bacteria and has known roles in immunity and regulation of cellular processes, such as the cell cycle. Here, we explored DNA methylation in bacteria of the genus Ensifer, including its potential role in regulating terminal differentiation during nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with legumes. Using single-molecule real-time sequencing, six genome-wide methylated motifs were identified across four Ensifer strains, five of which were strain-specific. Only the GANTC motif, recognized by the cell cycle-regulated CcrM methyltransferase, was methylated in all strains. In actively dividing cell cultures, methylation of GANTC motifs increased progressively from the ori to ter regions in each replicon, in agreement with a cell cycle-dependent regulation of CcrM. In contrast, there was near full genome-wide GANTC methylation in the early stage of symbiotic differentiation. This was followed by a moderate decrease in the overall extent of methylation and a progressive decrease in chromosomal GANTC methylation from the ori to ter regions in later stages of differentiation. Based on these observations, we suggest that CcrM activity is dysregulated and constitutive during terminal differentiation, which we hypothesize is a driving factor for endoreduplication of terminally differentiated bacteroids. IMPORTANCE Nitrogen fixation by rhizobia in symbiosis with legumes is economically and ecologically important. The symbiosis can involve a complex bacterial transformation—terminal differentiation—that includes major shifts in the transcriptome and cell cycle. Epigenetic regulation is an important regulatory mechanism in diverse bacteria; however, the roles of DNA methylation in rhizobia and symbiotic nitrogen fixation have been poorly investigated. We show that aside from cell cycle regulation, DNA methyltransferases are unlikely to have conserved roles in the biology of bacteria of the genus Ensifer. However, we present evidence consistent with an interpretation that the cell cycle methyltransferase CcrM is dysregulated during symbiosis, which we hypothesize may be a key factor driving the cell cycle switch in terminal differentiation required for effective symbioses.
Published: 2022

20. AAV-mediated neuronal expression of an scFv antibody selective for Aβ oligomers protects synapses and rescues memory in Alzheimer models

Author: Maria Clara Selles, Juliana T.S. Fortuna, Magali C. Cercato, Luis Eduardo Santos, Luciana Domett, Andre L.B. Bitencourt, Mariane Favero Carraro, Amanda S. Souza, Helena Janickova, Caroline Vieira Azevedo, Henrique Correia Campos, Jorge M. de Souza, Soniza Alves-Leon, Vania F. Prado, Marco A.M. Prado, Alberto L. Epstein, Anna Salvetti, Beatriz Monteiro Longo, Ottavio Arancio, William L. Klein, Adriano Sebollela, Fernanda G. De Felice, Diana A. Jerusalinsky, Sergio T. Ferreira, New York University School of Medicine (NYU Grossman School of Medicine), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), University of Western Ontario (UWO), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho [Rio de Janeiro] (HUCFF / UFRJ), Handicap neuromusculaire : Physiopathologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologies appliquées (END-ICAP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Columbia University [New York], Northwestern University [Evanston], Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], 16/820,269, Northwestern University, NU, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, IRSC: PJT 159781, PJT 162431, Alzheimer Society, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP: 2014/25681-3, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, FAPERJ, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Neurociência Translacional, INCT-INNT, International Society for Neurochemistry, ISN, S.T.F. and F.G.D.F. were supported by grants from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq/Brazil), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ/Brazil), and National Institute of Translational Neuroscience (Brazil). S.T.F. and D.A.J. were jointly supported by a binational research grant from CNPq/CONICET. A. Sebollela was supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) grant 2014/25681-3 . M.A.M.P. and V.F.P. received support from the Alzheimer’s Society of Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR, PJT 162431 and PJT 159781 ). A.L.B.B. received a predoctoral fellowship from CNPq. M.C.S. received predoctoral fellowships from CNPq and FAPERJ and travel grants from the International Society for Neurochemistry , Company of Biologists , and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior . We thank Drs. Moses Chao and Mauricio M. Oliveira for critical reading of the manuscript and discussions., S.T.F. and F.G.D.F. were supported by grants from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq/Brazil), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ/Brazil), and National Institute of Translational Neuroscience (Brazil). S.T.F. and D.A.J. were jointly supported by a binational research grant from CNPq/CONICET. A. Sebollela was supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) grant 2014/25681-3. M.A.M.P. and V.F.P. received support from the Alzheimer's Society of Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR, PJT 162431 and PJT 159781). A.L.B.B. received a predoctoral fellowship from CNPq. M.C.S. received predoctoral fellowships from CNPq and FAPERJ and travel grants from the International Society for Neurochemistry, Company of Biologists, and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior. We thank Drs. Moses Chao and Mauricio M. Oliveira for critical reading of the manuscript and discussions. M.C.S. D.A.J. and S.T.F. designed the study. A. Sebollela, W.L.K. and S.T.F. developed the recombinant NUsc1 scFv. D.A.J. A.L.E. A. Salvetti, and S.T.F. conceived constructs and vector development. M.C.S. J.T.S.F. M.C.C. L.E.S. L.D. A.L.B.B. M.F.C. A.S.S. H.J. C.V.A. and H.C.C. performed research. M.C.S. J.T.S.F. M.C.C. L.E.S. L.D. A.L.B.B. O.A. F.G.D.F. and S.T.F analyzed data. J.M.S. S.A.L. V.F.P. M.A.M.P. A.L.E. A. Salvetti, A. Sebollela, and W.L.K. contributed reagents, materials, and analysis tools. M.C.S. J.T.S.F. L.E.S. A.L.E. A. Salvetti, A. Sebollela, B.M.L, O.A. W.L.K. F.G.D.F. D.A.J. and S.T.F. analyzed and discussed the results. M.C.S. W.L.K. and S.T.F. wrote the manuscript with contributions from other authors. A patent application covering the use of AAV-NUsc1 in Alzheimer's disease has been filed with the USPTO (16/820,269, and pending) by Northwestern University with S.T.F. W.L.K. D.A.J. A. Sebollela, and M.C.S. as named inventors.
Subjects: memory, NUsc1, Pharmacology, AβOs, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Drug Discovery, Genetics, Molecular Medicine, AAV, Alzheimer's disease, immuno-gene therapy, Molecular Biology, scFv
Abstract: International audience; The accumulation of soluble oligomers of the amyloid-β peptide (AβOs) in the brain has been implicated in synapse failure and memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease. Here, we initially show that treatment with NUsc1, a single-chain variable-fragment antibody (scFv) that selectively targets a subpopulation of AβOs and shows minimal reactivity to Aβ monomers and fibrils, prevents the inhibition of long-term potentiation in hippocampal slices and memory impairment induced by AβOs in mice. As a therapeutic approach for intracerebral antibody delivery, we developed an adeno-associated virus vector to drive neuronal expression of NUsc1 (AAV-NUsc1) within the brain. Transduction by AAV-NUsc1 induced NUsc1 expression and secretion in adult human brain slices and inhibited AβO binding to neurons and AβO-induced loss of dendritic spines in primary rat hippocampal cultures. Treatment of mice with AAV-NUsc1 prevented memory impairment induced by AβOs and, remarkably, reversed memory deficits in aged APPswe/PS1ΔE9 Alzheimer's disease model mice. These results support the feasibility of immunotherapy using viral vector-mediated gene delivery of NUsc1 or other AβO-specific single-chain antibodies as a potential therapeutic approach in Alzheimer's disease.
Published: 2022

21. Surgical data science – from concepts toward clinical translation

Author: Hubertus Feussner, Swaroop Vedula, Ozanan R. Meireles, Nicolas Padoy, Carla M. Pugh, Russell H. Taylor, Duygu Sarikaya, Bernard Gibaud, Jan Goedeke, Pietro Mascagni, Pierre Jannin, Hirenkumar Nakawala, Toby Collins, Beat P. Müller-Stich, Teodor P. Grantcharov, Stamatia Giannarou, Ines Gockel, Gregory D. Hager, Dogu Teber, Doreen Heckmann-Nötzel, Justin W. Collins, Matthias Eisenmann, Lena Maier-Hein, Sinan Onogur, Anand Malpani, Frank Ückert, Hani J. Marcus, Germain Forestier, Luc Joyeux, Daniel R. Leff, Keno März, Daniel A. Hashimoto, Johannes Fallert, Thomas Neumuth, Minu D. Tizabi, Tobias Roß, Makoto Hashizume, Lars Mündermann, Kevin Cleary, Raphael Sznitman, Kyle Lam, Nassir Navab, Alexander Seitel, Martin Wagner, Amin Madani, Stefanie Speidel, Ron Kikinis, Adrian Park, Danail Stoyanov, Gabor Fichtinger, Hannes Kenngott, German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Heidelberg University, Gazi University, Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche Contre les Cancers de l'Appareil Digestif-European Institute of Telesurgery (IRCAD/EITS), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), La société Karl STORZ, Technische Universität München = Technical University of Munich (TUM), Imperial College London, Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), L'Institut hospitalo-universitaire de Strasbourg (IHU Strasbourg), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-l'Institut de Recherche contre les Cancers de l'Appareil Digestif (IRCAD)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-La Fédération des Crédits Mutuels Centre Est (FCMCE)-L'Association pour la Recherche contre le Cancer (ARC)-La société Karl STORZ, Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], Stanford University School of Medicine [CA, USA], University College of London [London] (UCL), Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Washington DC, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Institut de Recherche en Informatique Mathématiques Automatique Signal - IRIMAS - UR 7499 (IRIMAS), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA)), Monash university, University of Toronto, Kyushu University, Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), University of Bern, Universität Leipzig, University Hospital Leipzig, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Baylor University, University Health Network, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square [London], Universität Karlsruhe (TH), University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), National Center for Tumor Diseases [Dresden] (NCT), Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden)-German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ)-Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) starting grant COMBIOSCOPY under the New Horizon Framework Programme grant agreement [ERC-2015-StG-637960], the Helmholtz Imaging Platform (HIP), a platform of the Helmholtz Incubator on Information and Data Science, the NCT Heidelberg, BPI France (project CONDOR), the Johns Hopkins Science of Learning Institute Research Grant, the National Institutes of Health [NIDCR R01 DE025265, P41 EB015902, P41 EB015898, R01 CA235589], the Surgical Oncology Program of the National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, KARL STORZ SE & Co. KG, the Royal Society (UF140290) and NIHR Imperial BRC (Biomedical Research Centre), the ERC - H2020 Autonomous Robotic Surgery (ARS) grant agreement [ERC-2016-ADG-742671], the Surgical Metrics Project - American College of Surgeons (National Society Contract), the Quantified Physician - 7-SIGMA Simulation Systems, Minnesota, MN (Industry Contract), the Tourniquet Master Training - DOD SBIR Phase IIb - Continuation Award [W81XWH-13-C-0021], the Ontology for Human Motion and Psychomotor Performance - Stanford University Media-X, Motion Analysis for Microvascular Anastomosis - University of Wisconsin (Academic Contract), the Precision Learning Initiative - American Medical Association (National Society Grant), Quantifying the Metrics of Surgical Mastery: An Exploration in Data Science (NIH) [R01DK123445], the Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional and Surgical Sciences (WEISS) [203145Z/16/Z], Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) [EP/P027938/1, EP/R004080/1, EP/P012841/1], the Royal Academy of Engineering Chair in Emerging Technologies, the St. Michael’s Hospital, the University of Toronto, the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Area from MEXT, Japan, the National Cancer Data Ecosystem, contract number 19X037Q under Task Order HHSN26100071 from NCI, the project ProteCT [BMBF 16SV8568], the German Research Foundation (DFG, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) as part of Germany’s Excellence Strategy - EXC 2050/1 - Project ID 390696704 - Cluster of Excellence 'Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop' (CeTI), the Canada Research Chair in Computer Integrated Surgery, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the ANR with grants ANR-16-CE33-0009 (project DeepSurg), ANR-10-IAHU-02 (IHU Strasbourg) and ANR-20-CHIA-0029-01 (Chair AI4ORSafety), and the Federal Ministry of Economics and Energy (BMWi) and the German Aerospace Center (DLR) within the OP 4.1 project [BMWI 01MT17001C]., ANR-16-CE33-0009,DeepSurg,Apprentissage Profond à partir de Vidéos Chirurgicales Multi-vues et Multimodales pour Faciliter la Gestion du Bloc Opératoire(2016), ANR-10-IAHU-0002,MIX-Surg,Institut de Chirurgie Mini-Invasive guidée par l'Image(2010), ANR-20-CHIA-0029,AI4ORSafety,Evaluation automatique des vues endoscopiques pour la validation des points de contrôle au bloc opératoire(2020), European Project: 637960,H2020,ERC-2014-STG,COMBIOSCOPY(2015), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Kyushu University [Fukuoka], Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Institute of Neurology - UCL/Queen Square [London, UK] (IN-UCL-QS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Center for Tumor Diseases - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg, Allemagne] (NCT / DKFZ), and Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Artificial intelligence, Surgical data science, Computer science, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV), media_common.quotation_subject, Aucun, Delphi method, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Health Informatics, [SDV.MHEP.CHI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Surgery, Field (computer science), Machine Learning (cs.LG), [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, Machine Learning, 03 medical and health sciences, Computer Science - Computers and Society, 0302 clinical medicine, Computers and Society (cs.CY), Health care, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Quality (business), 030304 developmental biology, media_common, 0303 health sciences, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, Clinical translation, Image and Video Processing (eess.IV), Data Science, Deep learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer aided surgery, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Data science, 3. Good health, Current practice, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Data analysis, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, business, Data Annotation
Abstract: Recent developments in data science in general and machine learning in particular have transformed the way experts envision the future of surgery. Surgical Data Science (SDS) is a new research field that aims to improve the quality of interventional healthcare through the capture, organization, analysis and modeling of data. While an increasing number of data-driven approaches and clinical applications have been studied in the fields of radiological and clinical data science, translational success stories are still lacking in surgery. In this publication, we shed light on the underlying reasons and provide a roadmap for future advances in the field. Based on an international workshop involving leading researchers in the field of SDS, we review current practice, key achievements and initiatives as well as available standards and tools for a number of topics relevant to the field, namely (1) infrastructure for data acquisition, storage and access in the presence of regulatory constraints, (2) data annotation and sharing and (3) data analytics. We further complement this technical perspective with (4) a review of currently available SDS products and the translational progress from academia and (5) a roadmap for faster clinical translation and exploitation of the full potential of SDS, based on an international multi-round Delphi process.
Published: 2022

22. The Exercising Brain: An Overlooked Factor Limiting the Tolerance to Physical Exertion in Major Cardiorespiratory Diseases?

Author: Mathieu Marillier, Mathieu Gruet, Anne-Catherine Bernard, Samuel Verges, J. Alberto Neder, Hypoxie et PhysioPathologie (HP2), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Impact de l'Activité Physique sur la Santé (IAPS), Université de Toulon (UTLN), and GRUET, MATHIEU
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], hypoxia, brain, respiratory disorders, Human Neuroscience, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, Review, Behavioral Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Mental health, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Neurology, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], exercise tolerance, muscle fatigue, oxygen, Biological Psychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract: “Exercise starts and ends in the brain”: this was the title of a review article authored by Dr. Bengt Kayser back in 2003. In this piece of work, the author highlights that pioneer studies have primarily focused on the cardiorespiratory-muscle axis to set the human limits to whole-body exercise tolerance. In some circumstances, however, exercise cessation may not be solely attributable to these players: the central nervous system is thought to hold a relevant role as the ultimate site of exercise termination. In fact, there has been a growing interest relative to the “brain” response to exercise in chronic cardiorespiratory diseases, and its potential implication in limiting the tolerance to physical exertion in patients. To reach these overarching goals, non-invasive techniques, such as near-infrared spectroscopy and transcranial magnetic stimulation, have been successfully applied to get insights into the underlying mechanisms of exercise limitation in clinical populations. This review provides an up-to-date outline of the rationale for the “brain” as the organ limiting the tolerance to physical exertion in patients with cardiorespiratory diseases. We first outline some key methodological aspects of neuromuscular function and cerebral hemodynamics assessment in response to different exercise paradigms. We then review the most prominent studies, which explored the influence of major cardiorespiratory diseases on these outcomes. After a balanced summary of existing evidence, we finalize by detailing the rationale for investigating the “brain” contribution to exercise limitation in hitherto unexplored cardiorespiratory diseases, an endeavor that might lead to innovative lines of applied physiological research.
Published: 2022

23. Introduction to the Minitrack on Addressing Diversity in Digitalization

Author: Janina Sundermeier, Yolande E. Chan, Hannes Rothe, Freie Universität Berlin, ICN Business School, Centre Européen de Recherche en Economie Financière et Gestion des Entreprises (CEREFIGE), Université de Lorraine (UL), and Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]
Subjects: Geography, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Environmental resource management, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Diversity (politics), media_common, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

24. Ruling out pulmonary embolism across different healthcare settings: A systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis

Author: Geert-Jan Geersing, Toshihiko Takada, Frederikus A. Klok, Harry R. Büller, D. Mark Courtney, Yonathan Freund, Javier Galipienzo, Gregoire Le Gal, Waleed Ghanima, Jeffrey A. Kline, Menno V. Huisman, Karel G. M. Moons, Arnaud Perrier, Sameer Parpia, Helia Robert-Ebadi, Marc Righini, Pierre-Marie Roy, Maarten van Smeden, Milou A. M. Stals, Philip S. Wells, Kerstin de Wit, Noémie Kraaijpoel, Nick van Es, Vascular Medicine, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, Graduate School, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Fukushima Medical University (FMU), Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Amsterdam UMC - Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU), MD Anderson Cancer Center [Madrid, Spain], University of Ottawa [Ottawa], University of Oslo (UiO), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, McMaster University [Hamilton, Ontario], MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], and Frisdal, Angèle
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Data Interpretation, Statistical, Medicine, Humans, General Medicine, Pulmonary Embolism, Delivery of Health Care
Abstract: Background The challenging clinical dilemma of detecting pulmonary embolism (PE) in suspected patients is encountered in a variety of healthcare settings. We hypothesized that the optimal diagnostic approach to detect these patients in terms of safety and efficiency depends on underlying PE prevalence, case mix, and physician experience, overall reflected by the type of setting where patients are initially assessed. The objective of this study was to assess the capability of ruling out PE by available diagnostic strategies across all possible settings. Methods and findings We performed a literature search (MEDLINE) followed by an individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis (MA; 23 studies), including patients from self-referral emergency care (n = 12,612), primary healthcare clinics (n = 3,174), referred secondary care (n = 17,052), and hospitalized or nursing home patients (n = 2,410). Multilevel logistic regression was performed to evaluate diagnostic performance of the Wells and revised Geneva rules, both using fixed and adapted D-dimer thresholds to age or pretest probability (PTP), for the YEARS algorithm and for the Pulmonary Embolism Rule-out Criteria (PERC). All strategies were tested separately in each healthcare setting. Following studies done in this field, the primary diagnostic metrices estimated from the models were the “failure rate” of each strategy—i.e., the proportion of missed PE among patients categorized as “PE excluded” and “efficiency”—defined as the proportion of patients categorized as “PE excluded” among all patients. In self-referral emergency care, the PERC algorithm excludes PE in 21% of suspected patients at a failure rate of 1.12% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74 to 1.70), whereas this increases to 6.01% (4.09 to 8.75) in referred patients to secondary care at an efficiency of 10%. In patients from primary healthcare and those referred to secondary care, strategies adjusting D-dimer to PTP are the most efficient (range: 43% to 62%) at a failure rate ranging between 0.25% and 3.06%, with higher failure rates observed in patients referred to secondary care. For this latter setting, strategies adjusting D-dimer to age are associated with a lower failure rate ranging between 0.65% and 0.81%, yet are also less efficient (range: 33% and 35%). For all strategies, failure rates are highest in hospitalized or nursing home patients, ranging between 1.68% and 5.13%, at an efficiency ranging between 15% and 30%. The main limitation of the primary analyses was that the diagnostic performance of each strategy was compared in different sets of studies since the availability of items used in each diagnostic strategy differed across included studies; however, sensitivity analyses suggested that the findings were robust. Conclusions The capability of safely and efficiently ruling out PE of available diagnostic strategies differs for different healthcare settings. The findings of this IPD MA help in determining the optimum diagnostic strategies for ruling out PE per healthcare setting, balancing the trade-off between failure rate and efficiency of each strategy.
Published: 2022

25. Canadian permafrost stores large pools of ammonium and optically distinct dissolved organic matter

Author: Scott F. Lamoureux, Casper T. Christiansen, Julien Fouché, Melissa J. Lafrenière, Paul Grogan, Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management [Copenhagen] (IGN), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), This research was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Discovery Frontiers ADAPT program, the ArcticNet Network of Centres of Excellence, and NSERC Discovery grants to, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], and University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)
Subjects: Cryospheric science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Science, General Physics and Astronomy, 010501 environmental sciences, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, Permafrost, 01 natural sciences, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Carbon cycle, Dissolved organic carbon, chemical composition, Organic matter, lcsh:Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, watershed, chemistry.chemical_classification, Multidisciplinary, Soil organic matter, General Chemistry, 15. Life on land, dissolved organic matter, dissolved organic carbon, Active layer, ammonium, chemistry, Arctic, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, Soil water, Environmental science, lcsh:Q, permafrost
Abstract: Permafrost degradation may lead to mobilization of carbon and nutrients and enhance microbial processing rates of previously frozen organic matter. Although the pool size and chemical composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) are fundamental determinants of the carbon cycle in Arctic watersheds, its source within the seasonally thawing active layer and the underlying permafrost remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we used 25 soil cores that extended down into the permafrost from nine sites across Arctic Canada to quantify dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen stocks, and to characterize DOM optical properties. Organic permafrost stores 5–7 times more DOC and ammonium than the active layer and mineral permafrost. Furthermore, the permafrost layers contain substantial low molecular weight DOM with low aromaticity suggesting high biodegradability. We conclude that soil organic matter stoichiometry and cryogenic processes determine permafrost DOM chemistry, and that thawing will mobilize large amounts of labile DOC and ammonium into Arctic watersheds., Arctic warming leads to permafrost thaw and release of previously frozen organic matter and nutrients, but characterization of these pools is lacking. Here the authors use soil cores across Northern Canada to investigate dissolved organic matter and nitrogen stored in permafrost soils.
Published: 2020

26. Are the 'critical' inspiratory constraints actually decisive to limit exercise tolerance in COPD?

Author: Mathieu Marillier, Ricardo Gass, Danilo C. Berton, Anne-Catherine Bernard, J. Alberto Neder, Denis E. O'Donnell, Samuel Verges, Hypoxie et PhysioPathologie (HP2), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, and SALAS, Danielle
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], MEDLINE, lcsh:Medicine, macromolecular substances, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Limit (mathematics), Intensive care medicine, COPD, business.industry, Original Research Letters, lcsh:R, respiratory system, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030228 respiratory system, Key (cryptography), business, Bit (key)
Abstract: Exercise intolerance is characteristically multi-factorial in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [1]. At least in symptomatic patients with moderate-to-severe airflow limitation, higher operating lung volumes assume a relevant role in decreasing patients’ tolerance to sustain “prolonged” exercise. As a consequence of the dynamic increase in the end-expiratory lung volume, tidal volume (VT) occurs close to total lung capacity (TLC), thereby reducing the room for further lung–chest wall expansion. The combination of low dynamic lung compliance and a severely reduced inspiratory reserve volume causes a mismatch between a growing respiratory neural drive and the resulting lung–chest wall displacement [2]. It has been postulated that such critical inspiratory constraints (CIC) lead to a plateau in VT, and a concomitant increase in dyspnoea as a function of ventilation (V′E) [3]. Accordingly, patients change their perception of the uncomfortable respiratory sensations from “laboured breathing” to “insufficient inspiration”, prompting early exercise termination [4]., The concept of critical inspiratory constraints is key to the modern understanding of exercise pathophysiology in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD https://bit.ly/2A6bCxD
Published: 2020

27. Deletion of mu opioid receptors reduces palatable solution intake in a mouse model of binge eating

Author: Gaëlle Awad, Laurie-Anne Roeckel, Dominique Massotte, Mary C. Olmstead, Katia Befort, Laboratoire de neurosciences cognitives et adaptatives (LNCA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Department of Psychology, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], and Queen's University [Kingston]
Subjects: Male, Sucrose, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Receptors, Opioid, mu, Biology, Limited access, Eating, Food Preferences, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Saccharin, 0302 clinical medicine, motivation, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Bulimia, BED, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, reward, Mice, Knockout, Pharmacology, Binge eating, Body Weight, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Feeding Behavior, Mu opioid receptor, 030227 psychiatry, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, Psychiatry and Mental health, Endocrinology, chemistry, Knockout mouse, Home cage, Female, Brain stimulation reward, medicine.symptom, μ-opioid receptor, Energy Intake, Binge-Eating Disorder, feeding, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Binge eating in humans is driven by hedonic properties of food, suggesting that brain reward systems may contribute to this behaviour. We examined the role of mu opioid receptors (MOP) in binge eating by examining sweet solution intake in mice with genetic deletion of the MOP. Wildtype (WT) and MOP knockout (KO) mice had 4 hr access to food in the home cage combined with limited (4 hr) access to sucrose (17.1% w/v) or saccharin (.09% w/v), or continuous (24 hr) access to sucrose. Only limited access groups exhibited binge intake, measured as increased solution consumption during the first hour. KO mice consumed less solution and food during the first hour as well as less food each day compared to WT mice. Limited access groups consumed more food and gained more weight than continuous access groups, and the effect was magnified in saccharin-consuming mice. Indeed, the increased food consumption in animals given limited access to saccharin was so excessive that caloric intake of this group was significantly higher than either of the sucrose groups (limited or continuous access). Within this group, females consumed more food per bodyweight than males, highlighting important sex differences in feeding behaviours under restricted access schedules.
Published: 2020

28. De novo and inherited variants in ZNF292 underlie a neurodevelopmental disorder with features of autism spectrum disorder

Author: Jonathan A. Bernstein, Leah J. Rowe, Kimberly Foss, Samin A. Sajan, Kun Xia, Juliane Hoyer, Anita E. Beck, Shayna Svihovec, Vincent Gatinois, Lance H. Rodan, Roksana Sasanfar, Christiane Zweier, Alban Ziegler, Sonal Mahida, Kristin G. Monaghan, Charlotte W. Ockeloen, André Reis, Milen Velinov, Janson White, Evan E. Eichler, Nasim Vasli, Jennifer Friedman, Constance Smith-Hicks, Gilles Morin, Rachel Westman, Sandra Yang, Joshua Scheck, Christian Thiel, John B. Vincent, Deborah A. Nickerson, Michelle E. Ernst, Jacqueline Harris, Natasha Zeid, Bernt Popp, Francesca Mattioli, Zehra Agha, Ellen van Binsbergen, Julian A. Martinez-Agosto, Karen W. Gripp, Gwenaël Le Guyader, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Lori-Anne Schillaci, Jennefer N. Kohler, Kimberly A. Aldinger, Laurence J. Walsh, Jessica X. Chong, David Geneviève, Rami Abou Jamra, Amy Yang, Cigdem I. Akman, Sha Tang, Ricardo Harripaul, Rick Person, Marleen Simon, Hui Guo, Muhammad Ayub, Laura S. Farach, Patricia Blanchet, Austin Larson, Marie Vincent, Luis Rohena, Michael J. Bamshad, Raheel Qamar, Gregory M. Enns, Joshua Rotenberg, Katelyn Payne, William J. Sunderland, Anne C.-H. Tsai, Annika M. Dries, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Dominique Bonneau, Ghayda M. Mirzaa, Bénédicte Gérard, Elise Schaefer, Amélie Piton, Patricia G Wheeler, Division of Medical Genetics [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Détoxication et réparation tissulaire, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Center for Integrative Brain Research [Seattle, WA, USA], University of Washington [Seattle]-Seattle Children's Research Institute, Central South University [Changsha], Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Center for Integrative Brain Research, Ambry Genetics [Aliso Viejo, CA, USA], China Agricultural University (CAU), Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée (BNMI), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Kennedy Krieger Institute [Baltimore], Institute of Human Genetics [Erlangen, Allemagne], Universität Leipzig, Yale University [New Haven], Oregon Health and Science University [Portland] (OHSU), McGovern Medical School [Houston, Texas], Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indiana University System, Indiana University [South Bend], The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University [New York], Service de génétique médicale, CHU Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], CHU Strasbourg, Cellules Souches, Plasticité Cellulaire, Médecine Régénératrice et Immunothérapies (IRMB), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), University Medical Center [Utrecht], Stanford University School of Medicine [CA, USA], Memorial Hermann Heart and Vascular Institute [Houston, TX, USA], University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF), Department of Pediatrics [Univ California San Diego] (UC San Diego), School of Medicine [Univ California San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Colorado Anschutz [Aurora], Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry [Bern], University of Bern, Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), Signal Processing Lab [Boise - Idaho], Boise State University, University Hospitals Case Medical Center (CLEVELAND - UHCMC), University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandres, Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Department of Psychology [University North Carolina Wilmington], University of North Carolina [Wilmington] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC)-University of North Carolina System (UNC), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Service d'hématologie et immunologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Unité de génétique médicale et oncogénétique [CHU Amiens Picardie], CHU Amiens-Picardie, Institut d'histoire du temps présent (IHTP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Massachusetts Medical School [Worcester] (UMASS), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Department of Molecular Genetics [Toronto], University of Toronto, GeneDx [Gaithersburg, MD, USA], Department of Genome Sciences [Seattle] (GS), Department of Pediatrics [Stanford], Stanford Medicine, Stanford University-Stanford University, Stanford School of Medicine [Stanford], Stanford University, University of California (UC), COMSATS Institute of Information Technology [Islamabad] (CIIT), Boston Children's Hospital, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Department of Psychiatry, Seattle University [Seattle], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Department of Pediatrics [san Diego], UC San Diego School of Medicine, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and University of California
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Proband, Male, Adolescent, Autism Spectrum Disorder, autism spectrum disorders, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neuroimaging, 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Neurodevelopmental disorder, ZNF292, Intellectual disability, mental disorders, Exome Sequencing, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Child, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Genetics, Zinc finger, next generation sequencing, Genetic heterogeneity, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, medicine.disease, Phenotype, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Child, Preschool, next-generation sequencing, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, Carrier Proteins, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Rare cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 9]
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 218267.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) PURPOSE: Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are genetically heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. We sought to delineate the clinical, molecular, and neuroimaging spectrum of a novel neurodevelopmental disorder caused by variants in the zinc finger protein 292 gene (ZNF292). METHODS: We ascertained a cohort of 28 families with ID due to putatively pathogenic ZNF292 variants that were identified via targeted and exome sequencing. Available data were analyzed to characterize the canonical phenotype and examine genotype-phenotype relationships. RESULTS: Probands presented with ID as well as a spectrum of neurodevelopmental features including ASD, among others. All ZNF292 variants were de novo, except in one family with dominant inheritance. ZNF292 encodes a highly conserved zinc finger protein that acts as a transcription factor and is highly expressed in the developing human brain supporting its critical role in neurodevelopment. CONCLUSION: De novo and dominantly inherited variants in ZNF292 are associated with a range of neurodevelopmental features including ID and ASD. The clinical spectrum is broad, and most individuals present with mild to moderate ID with or without other syndromic features. Our results suggest that variants in ZNF292 are likely a recurrent cause of a neurodevelopmental disorder manifesting as ID with or without ASD.
Published: 2019

29. CKD

Author: Toralf Melsom, Marco van Londen, Hans Pottel, Bjørn Odvar Eriksen, Pierre Delanaye, Elke Schaeffner, François Gaillard, Gunnar Nordin, Maarten W. Taal, Arend Bökenkamp, Runolfur Palsson, Christine A. White, Markus van der Giet, Giovanni Gambaro, Kitty J. Jager, Richard J. Glassock, Olivier Moranne, Christophe Mariat, Laurence Dubourg, Andrew D. Rule, Anders Grubb, Olafur S. Indridason, Jan A.J.G. van den Brand, Anders Christensson, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Skane University Hospital [Malmo], Lund University [Lund], Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), The Arctic University of Norway (UiT), Service Néphrologie et transplantation rénale Adultes [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), University of Verona (UNIVR), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], David Geffen School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California, Landspitali National University Hospital of Iceland, University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), CHU Saint-Etienne, Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Aide à la Décision pour une Médecine Personnalisé - Laboratoire de Biostatistique, Epidémiologie et Recherche Clinique - EA 2415 (AIDMP), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), University of Iceland [Reykjavik], Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Mayo Clinic [Rochester], Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Medical Informatics, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Global Health, and APH - Quality of Care
Subjects: CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY, 030232 urology & nephrology, Renal function, Urine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, urologic and male genital diseases, [SDV.MHEP.UN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Urology and Nephrology, GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Up Front Matters, Risk of mortality, medicine, Elderly people, Humans, Renal Insufficiency, Healthy aging, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Chronic, ESTIMATED GFR, Adverse effect, ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY, Kidney, glomerular filtration rate, business.industry, urogenital system, Age Factors, STAGE RENAL-DISEASE, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Prognosis, ELDERLY POPULATION, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, REFERENCE VALUES, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Nephrology, COLLABORATIVE METAANALYSIS, Renal disorders Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 11], business, HIGHER ALBUMINURIA, epidemiology and outcomes, chronic kidney disease, Kidney disease
Abstract: Item does not contain fulltext Current criteria for the diagnosis of CKD in adults include persistent signs of kidney damage, such as increased urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio or a GFR below the threshold of 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) This threshold has important caveats because it does not separate kidney disease from kidney aging, and therefore does not hold for all ages. In an extensive review of the literature, we found that GFR declines with healthy aging without any overt signs of compensation (such as elevated single-nephron GFR) or kidney damage. Older living kidney donors, who are carefully selected based on good health, have a lower predonation GFR compared with younger donors. Furthermore, the results from the large meta-analyses conducted by the CKD Prognosis Consortium and from numerous other studies indicate that the GFR threshold above which the risk of mortality is increased is not consistent across all ages. Among younger persons, mortality is increased at GFR
Published: 2019

30. Portrait of a Family of Highly Stabilizing and Selective Guanine Quadruplex Platinum(II)‐Based Binders

Author: Caitlin E. Miron, Anne Petitjean, Jean-Louis Mergny, Mickey Chen, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences (LOB), École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (IECB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Mergny, Jean-Louis
Subjects: Guanine, Dna duplex, [SDV.BBM.BS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], [SDV.BBM.BP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics, chemistry.chemical_element, platinum chemistry, Ligands, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Catalysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Pyridine, Derivatization, Platinum, Enhanced selectivity, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], 010405 organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, selectivity, heterocyclic synthesis, DNA, General Chemistry, stacking interactions, G-quadruplexes, Combinatorial chemistry, 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, [SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics, chemistry, Nucleic acid
Abstract: International audience; The long-standing history of platinum coordination complexes in nucleic acid recognition attests to the unique suitability of such species for therapeutic applications. Here, we report the synthetic exploration and development of a family of di-imine ligands, and their platinum(II) complexes, elaborated on a 3-(2-pyridyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine platform which, in its unsubstituted form, has recently been shown to display exceptional capabilities for guanine quadruplex (G4) targeting. The identification of facile, high-yielding synthetic methods for the derivatization of this platform for the incorporation of additional sites of interactions with guanine quadruplex loops and grooves, along with the optimization of platinum(II) complexation methods, are discussed. Gratifyingly, preliminary biophysical screening of this novel family of binders validates all but one family members as robust G4 binders and highlights enhanced selectivity for quadruplex versus duplex DNA compared to the parent compound. These results bear promise for practical developments based on this platform.
Published: 2021

31. Non‐Covalent Polymer Surface Modification of Cellulose Nanocrystals Using Block Copolymers

Author: Torres-Rocha, Olga Lidia, Campbell, Sophie, Woodcock, Nicole, Pinaud, Julien, Lacroix-Desmazes, Patrick, Champagne, Pascale, Cunningham, Michael, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Queen's University, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Polymers and Plastics, nitroxide me-diated polymerization, General Chemical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, block copolymers, graft modification, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, 0210 nano-technology, cellulose nanocrystals, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) possess desirable mechanical and opticalproperties that make them a candidate in the development of the nextgeneration of polymer-based composites. However, CNC also have a criticalissue associated with their use: their hydrophilicity and incompatibility withhydrophobic polymers. CNC surface properties must be modified for them tobe successfully implemented by the industrial sector. Grafting (co)polymerschains on the CNC surface can provide compatibility to CNC withhydrophobic matrices and expand their potential range of applications. In thiscommunication preliminary results of a simple method to functionalize CNCsurface are reported using block copolymers, where a cationic block anchorsvia complexation to the anionically charged CNC surface and the other blockacts as a stabilizing block, providing dispersibility in various solvents. This is amuch simpler and less expensive method than current routes based oncovalent modification. The block copolymers poly(polyethylene glycolmethacrylate)-b-poly(N-butyl-N′-vinyl imidazolium bromide)(PPEGMA-b-PBuVIm) and poly(styrene)-b-PBuVIm (PS-b-PBuVIm) are firstsynthesized via nitroxide-mediated polymerization and then non-covalentlyadsorbed on the CNC surface. The functionalization has been confirmed viaFT-IR and TGA. The dispersion of polymer-modified CNC materials in organicsolvents is evaluated via dynamic light scattering. Modified CNC yieldedstable dispersions in organic solvents.
Published: 2021

32. The JCMT BISTRO Survey: Evidence for Pinched Magnetic Fields in Quiescent Filaments of NGC 1333

Author: Doi, Yasuo, Tomisaka, Kohji, Hasegawa, Tetsuo, Coudé, Simon, Arzoumanian, Doris, Bastien, Pierre, Matsumura, Masafumi, Tahani, Mehrnoosh, Sadavoy, Sarah, Hull, Charles L. H., Johnstone, Doug, Di Francesco, James, Shimajiri, Yoshito, Furuya, Ray S., Kwon, Jungmi, Tamura, Motohide, Ward-Thompson, Derek, Le Gouellec, Valentin J. M., Hoang, Thiem, Kirchschlager, Florian, Hwang, Jihye, Eswaraiah, Chakali, Koch, Patrick M., Whitworth, Anthony P., Pattle, Kate, Kwon, Woojin, Kang, Jihyun, Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro, Bourke, Tyler L., Tang, Xindi, Fanciullo, Lapo, Lee, Chang Won, Liu, Hong-Li, Lyo, A-Ran, Qiu, Keping, Lai, Shih-Ping, Department of Earth Science and Astronomy, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ), NASA Ames Research Center Cooperative for Research in Earth Science in Technology (ARC-CREST), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Institut de Recherche sur les Exoplanètes (iREX), Kagawa University [Japan], National Research Council of Canada (NRC), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics, Conseil National de Recherches Canada (CNRC), Tokushima University, Jeremiah Horrocks Institute for Mathematics, Physics and Astronomy [Preston], University of Central Lancashire [Preston] (UCLAN), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI), University College of London [London] (UCL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA), Academia Sinica, School of Physics and Astronomy [Cardiff], Cardiff University, Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Nagoya City University [Nagoya, Japan], Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics (JBCA), University of Manchester [Manchester], Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Yunnan Agricultural University, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics [Nanjing] (NUAA), and National Tsing Hua University [Hsinchu] (NTHU)
Subjects: interstellar medium, Interstellar filaments (842), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, F500, Submillimeter astronomy (1647), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, submillimeter astronomy, Interstellar magnetic fields (845), Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, star formation, interstellar magnetic fields, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), interstellar filaments, Polarimetry (1278), Star formation (1569), Interstellar medium (847), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, polarimetry
Abstract: We investigate the internal 3D magnetic structure of dense interstellar filaments within NGC 1333 using polarization data at $850 \mu\mathrm{m}$ from the $B$-fields In STar-forming Region Observations survey at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. Theoretical models predict that the magnetic field lines in a filament will tend to be dragged radially inward (i.e., pinched) toward the central axis due to the filament's self-gravity. We study the cross-sectional profiles of the total intensity ($I$) and polarized intensity (PI) of dust emission in four segments of filaments unaffected by local star formation that are expected to retain a pristine magnetic field structure. We find that the filaments' FWHM in PI are not the same as those in $I$, with two segments being appreciably narrower in PI (FWHM ratio $\simeq 0.7-0.8$) and one segment being wider (FWHM ratio $\simeq 1.3$). The filament profiles of the polarization fraction ($P$) do not show a minimum at the spine of the filament, which is not in line with an anticorrelation between $P$ and $I$ normally seen in molecular clouds and protostellar cores. Dust grain alignment variation with density cannot reproduce the observed $P$ distribution. We demonstrate numerically that the $I$ and PI cross-sectional profiles of filaments in magnetohydrostatic equilibrium will have differing relative widths depending on the viewing angle. The observed variations of FWHM ratios in NGC 1333 are therefore consistent with models of pinched magnetic field structures inside filaments, and especially if they are magnetically near-critical or supercritical., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJL
Published: 2021

33. 'Le Tombeau de Fleurie, pour Niré': The poetic celebration of the death of Marie de Clèves (1574)

Author: Rouget, François and Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]
Subjects: [SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature, Ronsard, Marie de Clèves, Passerat, tombeau poétique, Desportes, [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Henri III
Abstract: International audience; The passing of Marie de Clèves shook the royal court because Henri III venerated her like a nearly divine figure. Solicited or reacting spontaneously, poets composed a plethora of verses to celebrate the tragic passion of Niré (Henri) and Fleurie (Marie). This study recalls the circumstances surrounding Marie’s death, analyzes the discursive motifs and patterns displayed by the corpus, and examines the strategy poets used to organize their texts according to a poetics of the collection.; Le décès de Marie de Clèves eut un retentissement à la Cour car Henri III lui vouait un culte quasi divin. Sollicités ou réagissant spontanément, les poètes composèrent de nombreux vers pour célébrer la passion tragique de Niré (Henri) et de Fleurie (Marie). Cette étude rappelle les circonstances entourant la mort de Marie, analyse les motifs et schèmes discursifs présentés dans le corpus, et étudie la stratégie par laquelle les poètes ont disposé leurs textes selon une poétique du recueil.
Published: 2021

34. Overlapping Phenotypes Associated With CYP24A1, SLC34A1, and SLC34A3 Mutations: A Cohort Study of Patients With Hypersensitivity to Vitamin D

Author: Arnaud Molin, Sandrine Lemoine, Martin Kaufmann, Pierre Breton, Marie Nowoczyn, Céline Ballandonne, Nadia Coudray, Hervé Mittre, Nicolas Richard, Amélie Ryckwaert, Alinoe Lavillaureix, Glenville Jones, Justine Bacchetta, Marie-Laure Kottler, Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Biologie, génétique et thérapies ostéoarticulaires et respiratoires (BIOTARGEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Œstrogènes, reproduction, cancer (OeReCa), Service de néphrologie, Groupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France (Service de néphrologie, Groupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Service de biochimie [CHU Caen], Département de Pédiatrie [Rennes] = Paediatrics [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de génétique clinique [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, Filières Maladies Rares ORKID et ERK-Net, Service de néphrologie rhumatologie dermatologie pédiatriques, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Bron, France, parent, INSERM1033, CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, and HUE, Erika
Subjects: Male, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 030232 urology & nephrology, vitamin D, medicine.disease_cause, Endocrinology, 0302 clinical medicine, Genotype, hypersensitivity to vitamin D, Medicine, Hypercalciuria, Child, Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase, Original Research, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Female, Nephrocalcinosis, Hypophosphatemia, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type IIc, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type IIa, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, SLC34A1 gene, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, CYP24A1, Internal medicine, Vitamin D and neurology, Humans, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Autosomal Recessive Infantile Hypercalcemia, business.industry, phosphate wasting diseases, Infant, Newborn, Infant, RC648-665, medicine.disease, CYP24A1- hydroxylase, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, SLC34A3 gene, Hypercalcemia, business, calcitriol induced hypercalcemia
Abstract: Mutations in CYP24A1 (vitamin D 24-hydroxylase) and SLC34A1 (renal phosphate transporter NPT2a) cause autosomal recessive Infantile Hypercalcemia type 1 and 2, illustrating links between vitamin D and phosphate metabolism. Patients may present with hypercalciuria and alternate between chronic phases with normal serum calcium but inappropriately high 1,25-(OH)2D and appropriately low PTH, and acute phases with hypercalcemia with suppressed PTH. Mutations in SLC34A3 and SLC9A3R1 have been associated with phosphate wasting without hypercalcemia. The aims of this study were to evaluate the frequency of mutations in these genes in patients with a medical history suggestive of CYP24A1 mutation to search for a specific pattern. Using next generation sequencing, we screened for mutations in 185 patients with PTH levels < 20 pg/mL, hypercalcemia and/or hypercalciuria, and relatives. Twenty-eight (15%) patients harbored biallelic mutations in CYP24A1 (25) and SLC34A3 (3), mostly associated with renal disease (lithiasis, nephrocalcinosis) (86%). Hypophosphatemia was found in 7 patients with biallelic mutations in CYP24A1 and a normal phosphatemia was reported in 2 patients with biallelic mutations in SLC34A3. Rare variations in SLC34A1 and SLC34A3 were mostly of uncertain significance. Fifteen patients (8%) carried only one heterozygous mutation. Heterozygous relatives carrying SLC34A1 or SLC34A3 variation may present with biochemical changes in mineral metabolism. Two patients’ genotype may suggest digenism (heterozygous variations in different genes). No variation was found in SLC9A3R1. As no specific pattern can be found, patients with medical history suggestive of CYP24A1 mutation should benefit from SLC34A1 and SLC34A3 analysis.
Published: 2021

35. The impact of social isolation and changes in work patterns on ongoing thought during the first COVID-19 lockdown in the United Kingdom

Author: Will H. Strawson, Elizabeth Jefferies, Jonathan Smallwood, Brontë Mckeown, Cade McCall, Léa M. Martinon, Leigh M. Riby, Giulia L. Poerio, Department of Psychology [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], University of Essex, University of Sussex, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale et Cognitive (LAPSCO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], and Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]
Subjects: Adult, Male, Social Cognition, Experience sampling method, Adolescent, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Social Sciences, B100, Affect (psychology), 050105 experimental psychology, thoughts, Developmental psychology, lockdown, Thinking, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, A900, 0302 clinical medicine, Social cognition, Pandemic, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Young adult, Social isolation, Problem Solving, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Multidisciplinary, SARS-CoV-2, 05 social sciences, COVID-19, Middle Aged, United Kingdom, C800, experience sampling, Affect, Social Isolation, Work (electrical), [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Isolation (psychology), Female, medicine.symptom, Psychology, isolation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; The COVID-19 pandemic led to lockdowns in countries across the world, changing the lives of billions of people. The United Kingdom’s first national lockdown, for example, restricted people’s ability to socialize and work. The current study examined how changes to socializing and working during this lockdown impacted ongoing thought patterns in daily life. We compared the prevalence of thought patterns between two independent real-world, experience-sampling cohorts, collected before and during lockdown. In both samples, young (18 to 35 y) and older (55+ y) participants completed experience-sampling measures five times daily for 7 d. Dimension reduction was applied to these data to identify common “patterns of thought.” Linear mixed modeling compared the prevalence of each thought pattern 1) before and during lockdown, 2) in different age groups, and 3) across different social and activity contexts. During lockdown, when people were alone, social thinking was reduced, but on the rare occasions when social interactions were possible, we observed a greater increase in social thinking than prelockdown. Furthermore, lockdown was associated with a reduction in future-directed problem solving, but this thought pattern was reinstated when individuals engaged in work. Therefore, our study suggests that the lockdown led to significant changes in ongoing thought patterns in daily life and that these changes were associated with changes to our daily routine that occurred during lockdown.
Published: 2021

36. Structural and geochemical ore-forming processes in deformed gold deposits: towards a multi-scale and -method approach

Author: Fabrice Barou, Rémi Bosc, Yoram Teitler, Christophe Morlot, Julien Perret, Aurélien Eglinger, Alexandre Voinot, Julien Feneyrol, Diego Seira, Anne-Sylvie André-Mayer, GeoRessources, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Arethuse Geology SARL, Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Géosciences Montpellier, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and This work is part of Julien Perret’s PhD project which benefited of a CIFRE funding, reference CIFRE N°2017/1737, attributed by the French National Research and Technology Agency (ANRT).
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry, Forming processes, Geology, Ocean Engineering, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, [SDU.STU.AG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology
Abstract: Integrating structural control on mineralization and geochemical ore-forming processes is crucial when studying deformed ore deposits. Yet structural and geochemical data are rarely acquired at the same scale: structural control on mineralization is typically investigated from the district to the deposit and macroscopic scales whereas geochemical ore processes are described at the microscopic scale. The deciphering of a deformation–mineralization history valid at every scale thus remains challenging. This study proposes a multiscale approach that enables the reconciliation of structural and geochemical information collected at every scale, applied to the example of the Galat Sufar South gold deposit, Nubian shield, NE Sudan. It gathers field and laboratory information by coupling a classical petrological–structural study with high-resolution X-ray computed tomography, electron back-scattered diffraction and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry on mineralized sulfide mineral assemblages. This approach demonstrates that there is a linear control on mineralization expressed from the district to microscopic scales at the Galat Sufar South gold deposit. We highlight the relationships between Atmur–Delgo suturing tectonics, microdeformation of sulfide minerals, syn-pyrite recrystallization metal remobilization, gold liberation and ore upgrading. Our contribution therefore represents another step forward in a holistic field-to-laboratory approach for the study of any other sulfide-bearing, structurally controlled ore deposit type.
Published: 2021

37. Stability of vacancy and interstitial dislocation loops in α -zirconium: atomistic calculations and continuum modelling

Author: Mark R. Daymond, Zhongwen Yao, Laurent Karim Béland, Céline Varvenne, Peyman Saidi, Cong Dai, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL), Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINaM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Materials science, Annealing (metallurgy), Continuum (design consultancy), Stacking, Ab initio, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Molecular dynamics, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Vacancy defect, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Zirconium, Atomistic calculations, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Dislocation loops, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Line tension models, Dislocation, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: We combine atomistic calculations and continuum laws to model irradiation-induced vacancy and interstitial dislocation loops in α -zirconium. A comprehensive set of Burgers vectors/stacking sequences in the prismatic and basal planes, of sizes accessible to experiments, are studied by Molecular Statics (MS) simulations. Their formation energies and structural details are determined using two different interatomic potentials for α -Zr, considering dislocation loops in hexagonal and circular shapes. Molecular Dynamics annealing of dislocation loops then validates the envisioned potential energy landscape. Finally, the continuum modelling hybridly calibrated on MS results and ab initio data indicate that the coexistence of vacancy and interstitial 〈 a 〉 loops is supported by stability arguments. We also establish the limitations of such an approach for quantitative predictions.
Published: 2021

38. Epidemic Models for COVID-19 during the First Wave from February to May 2020: a Methodological Review

Author: Garin, Marie, Limnios, Myrto, Nicolaï, Alice, Bargiotas, Ioannis, Boulant, Olivier, Chick, Stephen, Dib, Amir, Evgeniou, Theodoros, Fekom, Mathilde, Kalogeratos, Argyris, Labourdette, Christophe, Ovchinnikov, Anton, Porcher, Raphaël, Pouchol, Camille, Vayatis, Nicolas, CB - Centre Borelli - UMR 9010 (CB), Service de Santé des Armées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut Européen d'administration des Affaires (INSEAD), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche Epidémiologie et Statistiques (CRESS UMR 1153) (CRESS UMR 1153), Mathématiques Appliquées Paris 5 (MAP5 - UMR 8145), and Institut National des Sciences Mathématiques et de leurs Interactions (INSMI)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)
Subjects: Epidemiological Modeling, [STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, COVID-19 Coronavirus
Abstract: We review epidemiological models for the propagation of the COVID-19 pandemic during the early months of the outbreak: from February to May 2020. The aim is to propose a methodological review that highlights the following characteristics: (i) the epidemic propagation models, (ii) the modeling of intervention strategies, (iii) the models and estimation procedures of the epidemic parameters and (iv) the characteristics of the data used. We finally selected 80 articles from open access databases based on criteria such as the theoretical background, the reproducibility, the incorporation of interventions strategies, etc. It mainly resulted to phenomenological, compartmental and individual-level models. A digital companion including an online sheet, a Kibana interface and a markdown document is proposed. Finally, this work provides an opportunity to witness how the scientific community reacted to this unique situation.
Published: 2021

39. Binge sucrose-induced neuroadaptations: A focus on the endocannabinoid system

Author: Katia Befort, Gaëlle Awad, David De Sa Nogueira, Dominique Filliol, Mary C. Olmstead, Romain Bourdy, Virginie Andry, Yannick Goumon, Laboratoire de neurosciences cognitives et adaptatives (LNCA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Rutgers University System (Rutgers), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], and univOAK, Archive ouverte
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Sucrose, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Addiction, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Nucleus accumbens, Eating, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Reward, Rimonabant, Binge eating disorder, Binge-eating disorder, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Cannabinoid, General Psychology, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, Binge eating, business.industry, Feeding Behavior, medicine.disease, Endocannabinoid system, Conditioned place preference, Rats, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Endocrinology, Quality of Life, Brain stimulation reward, Gene expression, medicine.symptom, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Binge-Eating Disorder, Endocannabinoids, medicine.drug
Abstract: Binge eating, the defining feature of binge eating disorder (BED), is associated with a number of adverse health outcomes as well as a reduced quality of life. Animals, like humans, selectively binge on highly palatable food suggesting that the behaviour is driven by hedonic, rather than metabolic, signals. Given the links to both reward processing and food intake, this study examined the contribution of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) to binge-like eating in rats. Separate groups were given intermittent (12 h) or continuous (24 h) access to 10% sucrose and food over 28 days, with only the 12 h access group displaying excessive sucrose intake within a discrete period of time (i.e., binge eating). Importantly, this group also exhibited alterations in ECS transcripts and endocannabinoid levels in brain reward regions, including an increase in cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) mRNA in the nucleus accumbens as well as changes in endocannabinoid levels in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. We then tested whether different doses (1 and 3 mg/kg) of a CB1R antagonist, Rimonabant, modify binge-like intake or the development of a conditioned place preference (CPP) to sucrose. CB1R blockade reduced binge-like intake of sucrose and blocked a sucrose CPP, but only in rats that had undergone 28 days of sucrose consumption. These findings indicate that sucrose bingeing alters the ECS in reward-related areas, modifications that exacerbate the effect of CB1R blockade on sucrose reward. Overall, our results broaden the understanding of neural alterations associated with bingeing eating and demonstrate an important role for CB1R mechanisms in reward processing. In addition, these findings have implications for understanding substance abuse, which is also characterized by excessive and maladaptive intake, pointing towards addictive-like properties of palatable food.
Published: 2021

40. GoldVariants, a resource for sharing rare genetic variants detected in bleeding, thrombotic, and platelet disorders: Communication from the ISTH SSC Subcommittee on Genomics in Thrombosis and Hemostasis

Author: Juliana Perez Botero, Keith Gomez, Maha Othman, Willem H. Ouwehand, Kate Downes, Kathleen Freson, Marie-Christine Morel-Kopp, David-Alexandre Trégouët, Neil V. Morgan, José María Bastida, Shannon Brooks, Harald Schulze, Loredana Bury, José Rivera, Eva Leinoe, Karyn Megy, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Cambridge University Hospitals - NHS (CUH), Royal North Shore Hospital (RNSH), The University of Sydney, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca [Salamanca, Spain] (IBSAL/CIC), Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Medical College of Wisconsin [Milwaukee] (MCW), Universidad de Murcia, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven)
Subjects: Platelets, Platelet disorder, Hemorrhage, Genomics, Computational biology, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Resource (project management), blood, MANAGEMENT, Humans, Medicine, genes, thrombosis, 030304 developmental biology, Hemostasis, 0303 health sciences, Science & Technology, business.industry, Communication, Genetic variants, Thrombosis, Hematology, Pathogenicity, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Blood, Genes, Peripheral Vascular Disease, Mutation, platelets, Cardiovascular System & Cardiology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Blood Platelet Disorders, hemorrhage, mutation, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract: The implementation of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies in research and diagnostic laboratories has linked many new genes to rare bleeding, thrombotic, and platelet disorders (BTPD), and revealed multiple genetic variants linked to those disorders, many of them being of uncertain pathogenicity when considering the accepted evidence (variant consequence, frequency in control datasets, number of reported patients, prediction models, and functional assays). The sequencing effort has also resulted in resources for gathering disease-causing variants associated with specific genes, but for BTPD, such well-curated databases exist only for a few genes. On the other hand, submissions by individuals or diagnostic laboratories to the variant database ClinVar are hampered by the lack of a submission process tailored to capture the specific features of hemostatic diseases. As we move toward the implementation of HTS in the diagnosis of BTPD, the Scientific and Standardization Committee for Genetics in Thrombosis and Haemostasis has developed and tested a REDCap-based interface, aimed at the community, to submit curated genetic variants for diagnostic-grade BTPD genes. Here, we describe the use of the interface and the initial submission of 821 variants from 30 different centers covering 14 countries. This open-access variant resource will be shared with the community to improve variant classification and regular bulk data transfer to ClinVar. ispartof: JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS vol:19 issue:10 pages:2612-2617 ispartof: location:England status: published
Published: 2021

41. Neural Network Potential Energy Surfaces for Small Molecules and Reactions

Author: Tucker Carrington, Sergei Manzhos, Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Quebec], Department of Chemistry, Queen's University Kingston, and Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]
Subjects: Quantum dynamics, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Statistical physics, Limit (mathematics), Representation (mathematics), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Energy, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, Observable, General Chemistry, Function (mathematics), Invariant (physics), Molecules, Potential energy, 0104 chemical sciences, Reaction dynamics, Quantum Theory, Neural Networks, Computer, Group theory, Layers, Algorithms, Neural networks
Abstract: We review progress in neural network (NN) based methods for the construction of interatomic potentials from discrete samples (such as ab initio energies) for applications in classical and quantum dynamics including reaction dynamics and computational spectroscopy. The main focus is on methods for building molecular potential energy surfaces (PES) in internal coordinates that explicitly include all many-body contributions, even though some of the methods we review limit the degree of coupling, due either to a desire to limit computational cost or to limited data. Explicit and direct treatment of all many-body contributions is only practical for sufficiently small molecules, which are therefore our primary focus. This includes small molecules on surfaces. We consider direct, single NN PES fitting as well as more complex methods which impose structure (such as a multi-body representation) on the PES function, either through the architecture of one NN or by using multiple NNs. We show how NNs are effective in building representations with low-dimensional functions, including dimensionality reduction. We consider NN based approaches to build PESs in the sums-of-product form important for quantum dynamics, ways to treat symmetry, and issues related to sampling data distributions and the relation between PES errors and errors in observables. We highlight combinations of NNs with other ideas such as permutationally invariant polynomials or sums of environment-dependent atomic contributions which have recently emerged as powerful tools for building highly accurate PESs for relatively large molecular and reactive systems.
Published: 2021

42. Role of secondary minerals in the acid generating potential of weathered mine tailings: Crystal-chemistry characterization and closed mine site management involvement

Author: Hassan Bouzahzah, James J. Dynes, Mustapha Abdelmoula, Mostafa Benzaazoua, Abdellatif Elghali, Heather E. Jamieson, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University [Marocco] (UM6P), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour les Matériaux et l'Environnement (LCPME), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Canadian Light Source, University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), and Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Environmental Engineering, Mineral, Gypsum, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Sulfide, Weathering, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, Acid mine drainage, 01 natural sciences, Pollution, Tailings, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, engineering, Environmental Chemistry, Carbonate, Waste Management and Disposal, Dissolution, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Mine tailings exposed to water and oxygen generate acid mine drainage (AMD) when the neutralizing minerals are insufficient to buffer the acid produced by sulfide oxidation. Mineral reactivity, such as sulfide oxidation and carbonate dissolution, leads to several changes within mine tailings in terms of their physical, mineralogical, and geochemical properties, which may lead to the release of metal(oid)s (e.g., As, Cu, Zn, Fe, S) into the environment. Fresh and oxidized tailings were sampled at two vertical profiles in a tailings storage facility (TSF). The TSF contains tailings from gold ore processing at a mine that has been closed for more than 25 years. Oxidized tailings have formed by in-situ oxidation of fresh tailings over more than 20 years. The collected samples were analyzed for: i) chemical composition by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and total S/C; and ii) mineralogical composition by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mineral Liberation Analyzer (MLA), Mossbauer spectroscopy, and Fe L-edge X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES). Mineralogically, the fresh tailings included more than 22 wt% carbonates and more than 10 wt% sulfides. In contrast, the oxidized tailings were composed mainly of secondary minerals such as iron oxy-hydroxides and gypsum. Geochemically, the fresh tailings exhibited a circumneutral behavior during weathering cell experiments and contaminants such as As were negligibly released (
Published: 2021

43. Disease Behaviour During the Peri-Diagnostic Period in Patients with Suspected Interstitial Lung Disease: The STARLINER Study

Author: Onofre Moran-Mendoza, Monica Bengus, Stéphane Jouneau, Catharina C. Moor, Elisabeth Bendstrup, Klaus-Uwe Kirchgaessler, Syed Anees, Carlo Vancheri, Michael Henry, Frank Gilberg, Marlies S. Wijsenbeek, Mirela Mirt, Alessandro G. Fois, Claudia Valenzuela, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Aarhus University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Cork University Hospital, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], University of Windsor [Ca], F. Hoffmann-La Roche [Basel], Università degli studi di Catania = University of Catania (Unict), Ltd.Hoffmann-La Roche, Pulmonary Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Università degli Studi di Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS), and Università degli studi di Catania [Catania]
Subjects: Lung Diseases, Spirometry, 030213 general clinical medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Vital capacity, Home spirometry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Vital Capacity, Disease behaviour, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Interstitial lung disease, 03 medical and health sciences, FEV1/FVC ratio, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Clinical endpoint, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Original Research, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Peri-diagnostic period, General Medicine, Middle Aged, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Rheumatology, 3. Good health, respiratory tract diseases, Quartile, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Interstitial, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, business
Abstract: Introduction Disease behaviour may guide diagnosis and treatment decisions in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). STARLINER aimed to characterise disease behaviour in patients with suspected ILD during the peri-diagnostic period using real-time home-based assessments. Methods STARLINER (NCT03261037) was an international, multicentre study. Patients ≥ 50 years old with suspected ILD were followed throughout the peri-diagnostic period, consisting of a pre-diagnostic period (from enrolment to diagnosis) and a post-diagnostic period (from diagnosis to treatment initiation). Study length was variable (≤ 18 months). The primary endpoint was time-adjusted semi-annual forced vital capacity (FVC) change measured during the peri-diagnostic period using daily home spirometry in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Secondary outcomes included changes in FVC (home spirometry) in patients with non-IPF ILD, changes in FVC (site spirometry), changes in physical functional capacity measured by daily home accelerometry and site 6-min walk distance (6MWD), and changes in patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in IPF or non-IPF ILD. Results Of the 178 patients enrolled in the study, 68 patients were diagnosed with IPF, 62 patients were diagnosed with non-IPF ILD, 9 patients received a non-ILD diagnosis and 39 patients did not receive a diagnosis. Technical and analytical issues led to problems in applying the prespecified linear regression model to analyse the home FVC data. Time-adjusted median (quartile [Q]1, Q3) semi-annual FVC change during the peri-diagnostic period measured using home and site spirometry, respectively, was – 147.7 (– 723.8, 376.2) ml and – 149.0 (– 314.6, 163.9) ml for IPF and 19.1 (– 194.9, 519.0) ml and – 23.4 (– 117.9, 133.5) ml in non-IPF ILD. A greater decline in steps per day was observed for IPF versus non-IPF ILD, whereas an increase in 6MWD was observed for patients with IPF versus a decline in 6MWD for patients with non-IPF ILD. No clear patterns of disease behaviour were observed for IPF versus non-IPF ILD for PROs. Conclusions Despite home spirometry being feasible for most patients and centres, technical and analytical challenges in the home-based assessments prevented firm conclusions regarding disease behaviour. This highlights that further optimisation of the technology and analysis methods is required before widespread implementation. Trial Registration NCT03261037. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12325-021-01790-y.
Published: 2021

44. Climates of trust, innovation, and research use in fostering evidence-informed practice in French schools

Author: Gaussel, Marie, MacGregor, Stephen, Brown, Chris, Piedfer-Quêney, Lucile, Institut français de l'Education (IFÉ), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Durham University, Conseil national de l'évaluation du système scolaire (Cnesco), Ministère de l'éducation nationale, de la jeunesse et des sports, and École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)
Subjects: [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education
Abstract: International audience; In France as elsewhere, various arguments suggest that evidence-informed practice (EIP) in education may positively impact student outcomes. However, while these arguments are beginning to mature in countries such as England, uptake of EIP theories in the French context is still nascent. The study presented in this paper seeks to address this knowledge gap. Findings suggest that French school staff generally believe that research evidence could inform educational practices as well as school organization at large. A trusting environment was positively associated with positive perceptions of EIP, but it is relatively less important than a school climate that encourages and supports research use. An interesting challenge for school leaders is how to establish cultures of research use and of innovation.
Published: 2021

45. The default mode network in cognition: a topographical perspective

Author: Robert Leech, Elizabeth Jefferies, Jonathan Smallwood, Danilo Bzdok, Daniel S. Margulies, Boris C. Bernhardt, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], McConnell Brain Imaging Centre (MNI), Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], King‘s College London, Montreal Institute for Learning Algorithms [Montréal] (MILA), Centre de Recherches Mathématiques [Montréal] (CRM), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université de Montréal (UdeM), Department of Psychology [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], and Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center (UMR 8002), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and Université de Paris, Paris, France
Subjects: Sensory system, Cognitive neuroscience, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognition, Cortex (anatomy), Motor system, medicine, Humans, Set (psychology), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Default mode network, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Brain Mapping, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, General Neuroscience, Perspective (graphical), Brain, Default Mode Network, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, medicine.anatomical_structure, Psychology, Neuroscience, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: The default mode network (DMN) is a set of widely distributed brain regions in the parietal, temporal and frontal cortex. These regions often show reductions in activity during attention-demanding tasks but increase their activity across multiple forms of complex cognition, many of which are linked to memory or abstract thought. Within the cortex, the DMN has been shown to be located in regions furthest away from those contributing to sensory and motor systems. Here, we consider how our knowledge of the topographic characteristics of the DMN can be leveraged to better understand how this network contributes to cognition and behaviour. Regions of the default mode network (DMN) are distributed across the brain and show patterns of activity that have linked them to various different functional domains. In this Perspective, Smallwood and colleagues consider how an examination of the topographic characteristics of the DMN can shed light on its contribution to cognition.
Published: 2021

46. Important questions to progress science and sustainable management of anguillid eels

Author: Claude Belpaire, Gaël Simon, Robert Schabetsberger, Kazuki Yokouchi, Elisabeth Faliex, John M. Casselman, Håkan Westerberg, Hendrik Dörner, David Righton, Martin Castonguay, Alan Walker, Elsa Amilhat, Niklas Sjöberg, Michael J. Miller, Matthew Gollock, Kieran McCarthy, Adam T. Piper, Céline Hanzen, Nobuto Fukuda, Eric Feunteun, Don Jellyman, Kristen Steele, Kenzo Kaifu, Thomas C. Pratt, Reinhold Hanel, Estibaliz Diaz, Katsumi Tsukamoto, Kim Aarestrup, Hiromi Shiraishi, Pierre Sasal, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science [Lowestoft] (CEFAS), University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), Zoological Society of London - ZSL (UNITED KINGDOM), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les Environnements Méditérranéens (CEFREM), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Pêches et Oceans Canada, AZTI - Tecnalia, European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency (FRA), Thünen Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal [Durban, Afrique du Sud] (UKZN), National Institute of Water and Atmosphere [Hamilton] (NIWA), Chuo University (Chuo University), National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Centre de recherches insulaires et observatoire de l'environnement (CRIOBE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Salzburg, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), University College of London [London] (UCL), Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL (LabEX CORAIL), Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut d'écologie et environnement-Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC)-Université de la Polynésie Française (UPF)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Maurice -Lamontagne, Ministère des Pêches et des Océans, Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology, and University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Lifecycle, Human life, Ecology (disciplines), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Climate change, global management, Conservation, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Global management, SDG 13 - Climate Action, Carrying capacity, 14. Life underwater, impacts, Population status, Environmental planning, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, conservation, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, lifecycle, Adaptive management, Habitat, Sustainable management, Impacts, Fish and Aquacultural Science, 040102 fisheries, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
Abstract: International audience; Anguillid eels are found globally in fresh, transitional and saline waters and have played an important role in human life for centuries. The population status of several species is now of significant concern. The threats to populations include direct exploitation at different life stages, blockages to migratory routes by dams and other structures, changes in river basin management that impact habitat carrying capacity and suitability, pollution, climate change, diseases and parasites. While much has been done to understand eel biology and ecology, a major challenge is to identify the key research and management questions so that effective and targeted studies can be designed to inform conservation, management and policy. We gathered 30 experts in the field of eel biology and management to review the current state of knowledge for anguillid eel species and to identify the main topics for research. The identified research topics fell into three themes: (a) Lifecycle and Biology; (b) Impacts and (c) Management. Although tropical anguillid eels are by far the least well understood, significant knowledge gaps exist for all species. Considerable progress has been made in the last 20 years, but the status of many species remains of great concern, particularly for northern temperate species. Without improved engagement and coordination at the regional, national and international level, the situation is unlikely to improve. Further, adaptive management mechanisms to respond to developments in science, policy and our knowledge of potential threats are required to ensure the future of these important and enigmatic species.
Published: 2021

47. A localized Erdős-Kac theorem

Author: Anup B Dixit, M. Ram Murty, Institute of Mathematical Sciences [Chennai] (IMSc), and Queen's University [Kingston, Canada]
Subjects: Statistics::Theory, Erdős-Kac theorem, Distribution (number theory), central limit theorem, Function (mathematics), prime divisors, Binary logarithm, Prime (order theory), Combinatorics, Mathematics::Probability, 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 11N25, 11N64, 11K65, 60F05, Erdős–Kac theorem, [MATH]Mathematics [math], Random variable, Mathematics, Central limit theorem
Abstract: Let ω_y (n) be the number of distinct prime divisors of n not exceeding y. If y_n is an increasing function of n such that log y_n = o(log n), we study the distribution of ω_{y_n} (n) and establish an analog of the Erdős-Kac theorem for this function. En route, we also prove a variant central limit theorem for random variables, which are not necessarily independent, but are well approximated by independent random variables.
Published: 2021

48. State Complexity of Suffix Distance

Author: Kai Salomaa, Timothy Ng, David Rappaport, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Giovanni Pighizzini, Cezar Câmpeanu, TC 1, and WG 1.2
Subjects: Compressed suffix array, Discrete mathematics, Generalized suffix tree, Computer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing), 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Longest common substring problem, Combinatorics, Deterministic finite automaton, Regular language, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Computer Science (miscellaneous), Edit distance, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Suffix, FM-index, Computer Science::Formal Languages and Automata Theory, Mathematics
Abstract: The neighbourhood of a regular language with respect to the prefix, suffix and subword distance is always regular and a tight bound for the state complexity of prefix distance neighbourhoods is known. We give upper bounds for the state complexity of the neighbourhood of radius [Formula: see text] of an [Formula: see text]-state deterministic finite automaton language with respect to the suffix distance and the subword distance, respectively. For restricted values of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] we give a matching lower bound for the state complexity of suffix distance neighbourhoods.
Published: 2019

49. Novel Approach to Estimate Osteoarthritis Progression: Use of the Reliable Change Index in the Evaluation of Joint Space Loss

Author: Parsons, Camille M., Judge, Andrew, Leyland, Kirsten, Bruyere, Olivier, Dop, Florence Petit, Chapurlat, Roland, Reginster, Jean-yves, Edwards, Mark H., Dennison, Elaine M., Cooper, Cyrus, Inskip, Hazel, Reginster, J. -y., Christiansen, C., Delmas, P., Genant, H., Zacher, J., Bellamy, N., Speirs, C., Breart, G., Meyer, O., Gensburger, D., Arlot, M., Roux, J. -P., Deroisy, R., Sambrook, P., Leeb, B., Verbruggen, A., Bensen, W. G., Hala, T., Holm−bentzen, M., Valter, I., Chevalier, X., Swoboda, B., Adami, S., Kloppenburg, M., Grazuleviciute, E., Badurski, J., Branco, J., Nasonov, E., Navarro, F., Spector, T., Barnsley, L., Hall, S., Jones, G., Klestov, A., March, L., Nash, P., Romas, E., Will, R., Erlacher, L., Leeb, F. B., Resch, H., Rainer, F., Zamani, O., Appelboom, T., Devogelaer, J. P., Kvasz, A., Raeman, F., Beaulieu, A. D., Brown, J., Cividino, A. A., Morin, F., Olszynski, W. P., Raynauld, J. P., Thorne, J. C., Pavelka, K., Alexandersen, P., Hoeck, H. C., Holm-Bentzen, M., Lundqvist, P., Aim, L., Audouy, P., Beaunier, P., Benhamou, C. L., Berenbaum, F., Chabaud, E., Cohen-Solal, M., Delbecq, D., Euller-Ziegler, L., Fardellone, Patrice, Hilliquin, P., Jacquety, E., Jude, N., Lechevalier, D., Mouchet, J. C., Richette, P., Sainte Lorette, E., Schaeverbeke, T., Sebbah, A., Vignot, E., Brabant, T., Burm-Ester, G. R., Grifka, J., Mueller, P. E. M., Bianchi, G., Grassi, W., Di Matteo, L., Modena, V., Di Munno, O., Orto-Lani, S., Punzi, L., Zangari, M., Roorda, L. D., van Riel, P. L. C. M., Czerwinski, E., Gorecki, A., Tlustochowicz, W., da Silva, J. Canas, Gomes, J. A. Melo, Miranda, L. M., Radulescu, F., Alexeeva, L. I., Orlov-Morozov, A. V., Pikhlak, E. G., Pilyaev, V. G., Shostak, N. A., Shmidt, E. I., Zagorodniy, N. V., Rodriguez, L. Arboleya, Ruiz, P. Benito, Carmona, E. Chamizo, Estevez, E. Collantes, Herrero-Beaumont, G., Mola, E. Martin, Moreno, A., Hernandez, A. Naranjo, Sarabia, F. Navarro, Padrino, J. M., Palacios, C., Serna, A. Rodriguez, Ivorra, J. A. Roman, Torrijos, A., Abdulhakim, E., Arden, N., Birrell, F., Donnachie, H., Fraser, W., Keen, R., Sarmiento, R., Stone, M. D., Grp, Sekoia Study, Department of public health, Université de Liège, Service de Rhumatologie et Pathologie Osseuse [Lyon], Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Physiopathologie, diagnostic et traitements des maladies osseuses / Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Treatments of Bone Diseases (LYOS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), World Health Organization (WHO), World Health Organization, University of Southampton, University of Bristol [Bristol], Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK (BIHR), Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management [Copenhagen] (IGN), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Department of Computer Science [Auckland], University of Auckland [Auckland], Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), University of Antwerp (UA), Arkema (Arkema), Hutchinson SA, Chair of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Universiteit Leiden, CEDOC - Department of Rheumatology, Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS), Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA)-Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA)-NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS), Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA)-Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA), CHLO/Hospital Egas Moniz, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Radio and Space Plasma Physics Group [Leicester] (RSPP), University of Leicester, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Greenwich, Johns Hopkins University (JHU), University of Queensland [Brisbane], Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Intergroupe Francophone de Cancérologie Thoracique [Paris] (IFCT), Intergroupe Francophone de Cancérologie thoracique, Institute of Rheumatology, University Prague, Oskar Klein Centre [Stockholm], Stockholm University, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Biologie de l'Os et du Cartilage : Régulations et Ciblages Thérapeutiques (BIOSCAR (UMR_S_1132 / U1132)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Service de rhumatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice)-Hôpital l'Archet, Département de Rhumatologie, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Mécanismes physiopathologiques et conséquences des calcifications vasculaires - UR UPJV 7517 (MP3CV), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, Centre Hospitalier Sud Francilien, Laboratoire d'Electronique, d'Informatique et d'Image [EA 7508] (Le2i), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Aquitaine’s Care and Research organisation for inflammatory and Immune-Mediated diseases [CHU Bordeaux] (FHU ACRONIM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux [Bordeaux] (CRCTB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Department of Bone and Joint Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Departamento de Construcción y Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Ambientales, University of Oxford, The University of Sydney, IUMEA, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), the SEKOIA management team, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust [Bradford, Royaume-Uni], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford [Oxford], APH - Aging & Later Life, and Rehabilitation medicine
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Knee Joint, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Radiography, Osteoarthritis, Thiophenes, Placebo, Severity of Illness Index, Article, law.invention, Healthcare improvement science Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 18], Rheumatology, Randomized controlled trial, Strontium ranelate, law, Internal medicine, Severity of illness, Medicine, Humans, skin and connective tissue diseases, Aged, Bone Density Conservation Agents, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, Osteoarthritis, Knee, medicine.disease, Multicenter study, Physical therapy, Disease Progression, Female, sense organs, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 202254.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) OBJECTIVE: Osteoarthritis-related changes in joint space measurements over time are small and sensitive to measurement error. The Reliable Change Index (RCI) determines whether the magnitude of change observed in an individual can be attributed to true change. This study aimed to examine the RCI as a novel approach to estimating osteoarthritis progression. METHODS: Data were from 167 men and 392 women with knee osteoarthritis (diagnosed using the American College of Rheumatology criteria) randomized to the placebo arm of the 3-year Strontium Ranelate Efficacy in Knee Osteoarthritis trial (SEKOIA) and assessed annually. The RCI was used to determine whether the magnitude of change in joint space width (JSW) on radiographs between study years was likely to be true or due to measurement error. RESULTS: Between consecutive years, 57-69% of participants had an apparent decrease (change
Published: 2019

50. Organotin-bridged ionic liquid as a solvent-free, leaching-resistive catalyst for ring opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone

Author: Redouane Beniazza, Abdelkrim El Kadib, Didier Le Cerf, Asmaa Bouyahya, Géraldine Gouhier, Pascal Thebault, Sébastien Balieu, Mustapha Raihane, Mohammed Lahcini, Chimie Organique et Bioorganique : Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA), University of Bristol [Bristol], Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemistry, Queen's University [Kingston, Canada], Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces (PBS), Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers (IC2MP), and Université de Poitiers-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Dispersity, chemistry.chemical_element, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Polymer, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Ring-opening polymerization, Catalysis, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, Ionic liquid, Polymer chemistry, Materials Chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, Bifunctional, Tin, Caprolactone
Abstract: International audience; A new synthetic route towards a bifunctional ionic liquid-bridged organotrichlorotin derivative has been developed. This newly isolated compound acts as an efficient, solvent-free catalyst in the ROP of ε-caprolactone to provide polymers with controlled molecular weights and narrow dispersity (Đ < 1.2). Owing to its easy removal from the medium, ICP-AES analyses showed a lower level of the residual tin catalyst in the resulting polymer compared to the contamination observed in poly(ε-caprolactone) prepared using a commercial catalyst (3 ppm versus 360 ppm). No toxicity was revealed during antibacterial studies on Staphylococcus epidermidis performed on poly(ε-caprolactone) or on a tin supported catalyst, thereby validating the suitability of this route toward manufacturing biologically-relevant materials.
Published: 2019

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