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Background: Uremic Encephalopathy (UE) is a neurological complication associated with acute or chronic renal failure. Imaging findings of UE may present involvement of the basal ganglia, cortical or subcortical regions, and white matter. We report a rare case of UE caused by neurogenic bladder with isolated brainstem involvement revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Immediate therapy resulted in full recovery of neurological signs and changes on MRI.Case Presentation: A 14-year-old Han Chinese woman with a history of chronic renal failure caused by neurogenic bladder. On admission, she was unconscious and her pupils presented different sizes, while her vital signs were normal. MRI showed high signal in the dorsal pontine base and in the mid brain on fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) imaging and on T2-weighted imaging while the signal was normal on diffusion-weighted images (DWI). Blood analysis revealed renal failure and acidosis. After urinary retention treatment and acidosis correction, the patient soon recovered. Follow-up MRI 2 months after the discharge revealed complete resolution of UE in the brainstem.Conclusion: We reported a rare case of a patient with UE that had unusual imaging manifestations for whom timely diagnosis and treatment assured recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the sealing ability of three different lengths of root canal fillings after post space and two different obturation techniques by using a glucose leakage test, and provide theoretical basis for clinical selection of best collocation of root canal filling methods and residual root canal filling materials., Methods: One hundred and thirty-two extracted single-root teeth were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups(n=20 each), positive(n=6)and negative controls(n=6). After root canal preparation, different treatments were performed in different groups. Group A: lateral compaction and 4 mm length of root canal fillings after post space. Group B: lateral compaction and 6 mm length of root canal fillings after post space. Group C: lateral compaction and 8 mm length of root canal fillings after post space. Group D: warm gutta vertical compaction and 4 mm length of root canal fillings after post space. Group E: warm gutta vertical compaction and 6 mm length of root canal fillings after post space. Group F: warm gutta vertical compaction and 8 mm length of root canal fillings after post space. Group G: random root canal filling. Group H: no root canal filling. A glucose leakage model was used for quantitative evaluation of the coronal to apical microleakage. SPSS 19.0 software package was used for statistical analysis., Results: Lateral compaction showed significantly more leakage than warm gutta vertical compaction at all observation times, regardless of the length of the root canal fillings. The shorter the length of root canal fillings after post space, the worse the effect of the apical sealing for the same filling method. There was significant difference between 4 mm and 6 mm (P<0.05), but no significant difference between 8 mm and 6 mm (P>0.05)., Conclusions: Warm vertical compaction shows a better sealing result than cold lateral compaction of gutta-percha. The shorter the length of root canal fillings after post space, the worse the effect of the apical sealing. 6 mm may be the proper residual root filling material length after post space preparation.