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24 results on '"Qu, Xiao-Wu"'

6. Role of leukocyte beta2-integrin in PAF-induced shock and intestinal injury

Author

Sun, Xiao-Ming, Qu, Xiao-Wu, Huang, Wei, Grangler, D.Neil, Bree, Mark, and Hsueh, Wei

Subjects
Cell adhesion molecules -- Physiological aspects, Platelet activating factor -- Physiological aspects, Inflammation -- Physiological aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Leukocyte beta2-integrins, especially CD11b/CD18, have a major role in PAF-induced hypotension, leukopenia, hemoconcentration, and intestinal necrosis. One hour after receiving a low dose of PAF, rats developed hemoconcentration, mild hypotension, increased intestinal myeloperoxidase, and bowel injury after 1 hour on receiving a low dose of PAF while high doses of PAF induced irreversible shock and gross intestinal injury. Animal pretreated with monoclonal antibodies to the integrins had less injury and were prevented completely by anti-CD11b.

Published
1996

11. Fetal Growth Restriction Induced by Transient Uterine Ischemia–Reperfusion: Differential Responses in Different Mouse Strains.

Author

Qu, Xiao-Wu, Thaete, Larry G., Neerhof, Mark G., Hirsch, Emmet, and Jilling, Tamas

Subjects
*FETAL growth retardation, *ISCHEMIA, *REPERFUSION, *UTERINE artery, *MYELOPEROXIDASE, *PLACENTA, *PHYSIOLOGY
Abstract

We characterized fetal and placental growth and uterine and placental inflammation in pregnant C3H/HeOuJ and C57BL/6J mice (strains with different sensitivities to metabolic and circulatory pathologies), using different uterine ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) protocols, to establish and refine a murine model of I/R-induced fetal growth restriction (FGR). Pregnant C3H/HeOuJ mice on gestation day 15 were subjected to unilateral uterine I/R by (1) total blood flow restriction (TFR) by occlusion of the right ovarian and uterine arteries for 30 minutes, (2) partial flow restriction (PFR) by occlusion of only the right ovarian artery for 30 minutes, or (3) sham surgery. Pregnant C57BL/6J mice were treated the same, but on gestation day 14 and with TFR for only 5 minutes due to high sensitivity of C57BL/6J mice to I/R. Four days post-I/R, the animals were euthanized to determine fetal and placental weight and fetal loss and to assay placental myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. In C3H/HeOuJ mice, TFR/30 minutes induced significantly (P < .05) lower fetal and placental weights and higher placental MPO activity, compared to controls. The PFR/30 minutes produced the same effects except placental weights were not reduced. In contrast, in C57BL/6J mice, TFR for only 5 minutes was sufficient to induce FGR and increase fetal loss; while PFR/30 minutes lowered fetal but not placental weights and increased fetal loss but not placental MPO activity. In summary, we present the first published model of I/R-induced FGR in mice. We find that mice of different strains have differing sensitivities to uterine I/R, therefore differing I/R response mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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24. Platelet‐activating factor increases mucosal permeability in rat intestine viatyrosine phosphorylation of E‐cadherin

Author

Tan, Xiao‐Di, Chang, Hong, Qu, Xiao‐Wu, Caplan, Michael, Gonzalez‐Crussi, Frank, and Hsueh, Wei

Abstract

Platelet‐activating factor (PAF), an inflammatory mediator, plays an important role in mediating intestinal injury. However, it remains unclear whether PAF has a function in the intestine. The production of PAF by normal intestine and by unstimulated intestinal epithelial cell lines suggests that PAF may have a regulatory function in the normal bowel.In this study we investigated the role of PAF in modulating intestinal mucosal permeability in rats. Lumen‐to‐blood transit of FD‐4 (dextran 4400), (an index of intestinal permeability), was assessed in sham‐operated rats and rats injected with PAF (1.25 μg kg−1, i.v., a dose insufficient to induce intestinal injury).PAF‐induced villus cytoskeletal changes were examined by staining the intestine for F‐actin. The effect of PAF on tyrosine phosphorylation of the junctional protein E‐cadherin was examined by immunoprecipitation. Some rats were pretreated with AG1288 (a tyrosine kinase inhibitor) before PAF injection, and mucosal permeability change was assessed.To investigate the role of endogenous PAF upon mucosal permeability, we studied the effect of PAF antagonists on (intraluminal) glucose‐induced increase in mucosal permeability.We found that low dose PAF: (a) alters the cytoskeletal structure of intestinal epithelium, (b) causes the influx of FD4 from intestinal lumen to systemic circulation, (c) induces tyrosine phosphorylation of E‐cadherin and cadherin‐associated proteins. Glucose‐induced mucosal permeability increase is abolished by using two structurally different PAF antagonists.These results suggest that endogenous PAF modulates macromolecular movement across the intestinal mucosal barrier, probably viatyrosine phosphorylation of E‐cadherin and cytoskeletal alteration of enterocytes.

Published
2000
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