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Yi Zhou,1 Qiwen Huo,1 Shaoying Du,1 Xiaoyang Shi,1 Qisong Shi,2 Shanshan Cui,3 Cuina Feng,4 Xiaojing Du,1 Yan Wang1 1School of Nursing, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of General Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yan WangSchool of Nursing, Hebei University, 342 Yuhuadong Road, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 3125075605, Email chjanwy@163.comPurpose: Medication non-adherence is a major public health issue. Recent evidence suggests that depression, inadequate social support, and lower levels of self-efficacy are associated with poor medication adherence. However, the mechanism underlying the association among depression, social support, self-efficacy and medication adherence is unclear. This study aims to examine the mediating role of social support and self-efficacy between depression and medication adherence in older patients with coronary heart disease.Patients and Methods: Data were collected from 238 hospitalized older patients with coronary heart disease. Depression, social support, self-efficacy, and medication adherence were assessed using structured questionnaires. A serial multiple mediation model was tested using the PROCESS macro for SPSS.Results: A total of 238 older patients with CHD with a mean age of 70.5 years were involved in this cross-sectional study. Depression was negatively correlated with medication adherence in older patients with coronary heart disease. Social support and self-efficacy were positively associated with medication adherence, and fully mediated the relationship between depression and medication adherence. Three mediation paths were included in the model: (a) social support, (b) chain combination of social support and self-efficacy, and (c) self-efficacy.Conclusion: Social support and self-efficacy explain the association of depression and medication adherence in older CHD patients and may be the keys target for enhanced intervention to improve medication adherence in older CHD patients with depression.Keywords: coronary heart disease, depression, medication adherence, self-efficacy, social support

The development of flexible materials with higher piezoelectric properties and electrostrictive response is of great significance in many applications such as wearable functional devices, flexible sensors, and actuators. In this study, we report an efficient fabrication strategy to construct a highly sensitive (0.72 kPa

Electroactive dielectric polymer gel (DPG) as a class of electronic type electroactive polymers has important applications in soft robot, wearable electronics, and biomedical fields due to their lower driving voltage, degree of various actuation freedoms, and high actuation strain. The DPG materials are often composed of solid and liquid phases which are made by polymer network and high dielectric constant of solvent (or plasticizer). Accordingly, the electromechanical coupling mechanisms of DPGs are more complex and are different with other electronic electroactive polymers. In addition, the DPGs have many advantages for soft actuators such as lower driving voltage, larger actuation strain, and various actuation freedoms. As far as we know, the concept and progress of DPGs have not been systematically reported so far. In this review, we completely reviewed recent progresses of electroactive DPG materials, electromechanical coupling mechanisms, and applications of DPG actuators, etc. This review can provide more understanding, current challenges, and future trends of electroactive DPGs and their applications in soft actuators.

In the actual industrial production processes, various faults occur at different frequencies and the resulting fault data may be class imbalanced. This means machine learning-driven fault diagnosis methods have to learn from imbalanced data, and accordingly lead to lower diagnostic accuracy or even directly errors in identifying minority class. To solve this problem, we present a novel Minority-class Sensitive Fault Diagnosis approach (MSFD), which can reduce the imbalance of data and enhance the sensitivity of our diagnostic model to minority-class samples. Specifically, we first design a new generative oversampling method by combining Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network (WGAN) with Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) to balance the whole dataset and improve the distribution of the minority-class samples. WGAN is adopted to learn the distribution of minority-class samples and generate some minority-class samples as a supplement to the original dataset, while SMOTE is applied to the resulting dataset to further enhance the diversity of synthetic samples for weakening the influence from WGAN’s mode collapse. In addition, a deep forest or multi-Grained Cascade Forest (GcForest) based minority-class aware fault classification model is developed. First, during multi-grained scanning processes, we score the forests and select the corresponding forests with higher scores to generate feature representations for accelerating model convergence. Second, weights are introduced for different forests in cascade levels to further improve the overall performance of our fault diagnostic model. A series of experiments are conducted to testify the effectiveness of our proposed method, and the experimental results show that our approach can synthesize new minority-class samples with higher qualities and improve the diagnosis performance for minority-class samples as well as its overall classification accuracy. Meanwhile, in case of extremely imbalanced datasets, the proposed approach still maintains a relatively high recognition rate for minority-class samples.

The series of acenaphthylene-1-[2,6-bis(bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl)-4-methylphenylimino]-2-arylimine derivatives and their dichloronickel complexes were synthesized and fully characterized as well as the single-crystal X-ray diffraction of representative nickel complexes, revealing a distorted tetrahedral geometry. Upon activation with either MAO or Et2AlCl, all nickel complexes showed high activities in ethylene polymerization; moreover, their catalytic systems showed better thermal stabilities on being manipulated at 80 °C as the industrial operating temperature.

A series of 1-(2-benzhydrylnaphthylimino)-2-phenyliminoacenaphthylene derivatives (L1–L5) was synthesized, characterized, and then reacted with (DME)NiBr2 to form the corresponding [1-(2-benzhydrylnaphthylimino)-2-phenyliminoacenaphthyl]nickel bromides (C1–C5). All nickel complexes were fully characterized by their FT-IR spectra and elemental analysis. The molecular structures of the representative complexes C1 and C4 were also determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. On activation with either methylaluminoxane (MAO) or diethylaluminum chloride (Et2AlCl), all title nickel complexes showed high activities toward ethylene polymerization; the resulting polyethylenes showed molecular weights higher than those obtained by using the nickel analogues bearing (2-benzhydrylnaphthylimino)pyridines and also had branches lower than those obtained by using other diiminoacenaphthylnickel analogues. Therefore, the modification of ligands could affect the catalytic behavior of their nickel complexes in order to ta...

A series of 2-(2-benzhydrylnaphthyliminomethyl)pyridine derivatives (L1-L3) was prepared and used to synthesize the corresponding bis-ligated nickel(II) halide complexes (Ni1-Ni6) in good yield. The molecular structures of representative complexes, namely the bromide Ni3 and the chloride complex Ni6, were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction, and revealed a distorted octahedral geometry at nickel. Upon activation with either methylaluminoxane (MAO) or modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO), all nickel complex pre-catalysts exhibited high activities (up to 2.02 × 10(7) g(PE) mol(-1)(Ni) h(-1)) towards ethylene polymerization, producing branched polyethylene of low molecular weight and narrow polydispersity. The influence of the reaction parameters and the nature of the ligands on the catalytic behavior of the title nickel complexes were investigated.

In this study, luminescent electrospun nanofibers based on polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)/Eu-PEG were prepared through the materials processing technique of electrospinning as an innovative type of phase change materials (PCMs). Eu-PEG phase-change luminescent material was prepared by coordinating rare earth Eu 3+ ions with the carboxylate groups of a PEG modified by two terephthalic acid groups. The morphology and thermal properties of the composite fibers were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The average diameter of PVP/Eu-PEG composite fibers measured from SEM images increased gradually with increasing PEG molecular weight. The fluorescence spectra of the prepared fibers were investigated. The results show that the PVP/Eu-PEG material has both good phase change properties and excellent luminescent properties.

A series of nickel halides bearing 2,4-di-t-butyl-6-(quinolin-8-yliminomethyl) phenolate ligands was synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Molecular structures of C1 (R = H, X = Br) and C2 (R = H, X = Cl) were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic studies, and revealed a distorted square planar geometry at nickel. Upon activation with diethylaluminum chloride (Et2AlCl), all nickel pre-catalysts displayed good catalytic activity [up to 9.3 × 105 g mol−1 (Ni) h−1] for ethylene oligomerization with major dimerization. In the presence of methylaluminoxane (MAO), the nickel complex C1 was capable of ethylene polymerization under 3 MPa, and produced polyethylene products with narrow polydispersity (1.16–1.73) and molecular weights in the range of 2.6–4.95 kg/mol.

A series of 2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-phenols and their nickel complexes have been synthesized and characterized by elemental and spectroscopic analysis. The molecular structures of ligand L4 and complex C5 were confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed that complex C5 has a six-coordinated distorted octahedral geometry. Upon activation with Et2AlCl, these nickel(II) complexes showed good activity for ethylene oligomerization. When PPh3 was added as an auxiliary ligand to the catalytic system, an increased activity as high as 1.60 × 107 g mol−1 (Ni) h−1 was observed. The ligand environment and reaction conditions remarkably affected the catalytic behavior of these nickel complexes.

Various nickel complexes bearing [N,0], [P,N] ligands as well as the supported nickel complexes were prepared and showed moderate to high catalytic activities for vinyl polymerization of norbornene. The formed polynorbornenes (PNBs) are soluble for measuring both the molecular weights and the molecular weight distributions. Comparing the results in homogeneous catalysis, the PNBs produced by supported catalysts possessed higher molecular weights and slightly broader molecular weight distributions. The reactor fouling generally happens in homogeneous catalytic systems, while spherical polymer particle morphology could be obtained without reactor fouling by using MgCl 2 -supported nickel catalysts.

A series of chromium(III) complexes ligated by tridentate ligands of 2-imino-1,10-phenanthrolines, LCrCl3 (L = 2-(2,6-(R1)2C6H3N = CR)-1,10-phen) was synthesized and characterized by elemental and spectroscopic analyses as well as single-crystal X-ray crystallography. X-ray crystallographic analysis of 2 (R = Ph, R1 = Et), 4 (R = Me, R1 = Me) and 12 (R = H, R1 = i-Pr) reveals that the geometry around the chromium atom is octahedral. Upon activation with MAO, these complexes exhibited high activities for ethylene oligomerization (up to 1.15 × 107 g mol−1 (Cr) h−1) and moderate activities for ethylene polymerization. The oligomers and polymers obtained were α-olefins, and the distribution of oligomers resembled the Schultz–Flory rule. Various reaction parameters were investigated in detail, and the results revealed that both the steric and electric effects of ligands affected the catalytic activities of their chromium complexes as well as the distribution of the products.

Rare-earth metal-organic frameworks, [Ln 2 ( pydc ) 3 (H 2 O) 9 ] n 3 n H 2 O (Ln = Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy; pydc = pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate), were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The solid-state photoluminescence measurements exhibited red light-emitting characteristic of europium (III) coordination polymer. The title compounds consist of one-dimensional dual chains, in which each metal atom is nine-coordinated with oxygen atoms.

A series of iron(II) (7a−11a) and cobalt(II) (7b−11b) 2-(1-methyl-2-benzimidazolyl)-6-(1-(arylimino)ethyl)pyridyl complexes were synthesized, as well as bidentate iron(II) and cobalt(II) complexes ligated by 2-(2-benzimidazolyl)-6-methylpyridine, 2-(carboethoxyl)-6-(2-benzimidazolyl)pyridine, and 2-(1-methyl-2-benzimidazolyl)-6-acetylpyridine. All organic compounds were fully characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis, while the metal complexes were carefully examined by IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Their molecular structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The bidentate metal complexes display a distorted-tetrahedral coordination geometry; however, 2a is an exception, with a distorted-trigonal-bipyramidal geometry due to coordination of one DMF molecule. The X-ray crystallographic studies on all of the tridentate metal complexes revealed the coordination geometry as a distorted trigonal bipyramid. Upon activation with MAO or MMAO, the iron(II)...

A series of nickel complexes ligated by 2-(2-benzimidazole)-6-methylpyridine, 2-(1-methyl-2-benzimidazole)-6-acetylpyridine, and 2-(1-methyl-2-benzimidazole)-6-(1-aryliminoethyl)pyridine was synthesized and examined by IR spectroscopic and elemental analysis. Their molecular structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. On activation with diethylaluminum chloride (Et2AlCl), all the nickel complexes exhibited good catalytic activities for ethylene oligomerization, and the nickel(II) complexes bearing 2-(1-methyl-2-benzimidazole)-6-(1-aryliminoethyl)pyridines showed good activities up to 5.87 × 105 g mol-1(Ni) h-1 atm-1. The various reaction parameters were investigated in detail, and the results revealed that both the steric and electronic effects of ligands strongly affect the catalytic activities of their nickel complexes as well as different coordination style.