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Hepatitis A virus (HAV) live-attenuated vaccine H2 strain has been approved for clinical use for decades with ideal safety profiles in nonhuman primate models and humans. Recently, type I interferon (IFN) receptor-deficient mice were shown to be susceptible to HAV infection. Herein, we sought to determine the infection and replication dynamics of the H2 in Ifnar

This paper deals with theN-policyM/M/1 queueing system with working vacations. Once the system becomes empty, the server begins a working vacation and works at a lower service rate. The server resumes regular service when there areNor more customers in the system. By solving the balance equations, the stationary probability distribution and the mean queue length under observable and unobservable cases are obtained. Based on the reward-cost structure and the theory of Markov process, the social welfare function is constructed. Finally, the impact of several parameters and information levels on the mean queue length and social welfare is illustratedvianumerical examples, comparison work shows that queues with working vacations(WV) andN-policy have advantage in controlling the queue length and improving the social welfare.

A bidentate ligand, 1-{4-[4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phenoxy]phenyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole (TPPT), has been designed and synthesized. By using TPPT as a building block for self-assembly with Cd(NO3 )2 ⋅4 H2 O and CdCl2 ⋅10.5 H2 O, novel 1D double-chain {[Cd(TPPT)(NO3 )2 ]⋅3 H2 O}n (1) and 2D (4,4) layer [Cd(TPPT)Cl2 (H2 O)]n (2) have been constructed. When 1 was employed as a precursor and exposed to DMF or N,N'-dimethylacetamide (DMAC), the crystals of 1 dissolved and reassembled into two types of brown block-shaped crystals of 1D double chains: {[Cd(TPPT)2 (NO3 )2 ]⋅DMF}n (1 a) and {[Cd(TPPT)2 (NO3 )2 ]⋅DMAC}n (1 b). The anion-exchange reactions of complex 2 have also been investigated. After gently stirring crystals of 2 in CHCl3 /C2 H5 OH/H2 O containing NaBr, NaI⋅2 H2 O, or NaOAc⋅3 H2 O, the crystals retained their crystalline appearances. A remarkable single crystal to single crystal transformation was observed and 1D double chains of {[Cd(TPPT)Br2 ]⋅C2 H5 OH}n (2 a) and {[Cd(TPPT)2 I2 ]⋅CHCl3 }n (2 b), and 1D single chains of [Cd(TPPT)(H2 O)2 (CH3 COO)2 ]n (2 c), can be obtained. Luminescent properties indicate that 1 shows excellent selectivity for Ca(2+) and cyano complexes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a luminescent probe for Ca(2+) based on triazole derivatives.

To investigate the role and potential mechanism of CXCR4 in promoting targeted homing of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with ultrasound-exposed microbubbles (UM) pretreatment.Third generation BMSCs were divided into four groups control group, ultrasound (US) group, UM group and ultrasound-exposed microbubbles plus catalase group. RT-PCR and western blot were performed to determine the levels of CXCR4 mRNA transcription and protein expression, respectively. Third generation BMSCs were labeled with Fluo-α/AM and divided into three groups: control group, US group and UM group, and fluorescence intensities in the cells were observed immediately, 5 min and 15 min after intervention under fluorescence microscope. The calcium iron levels in the cells were analyzed. BMSCs were divided into five group: group A without calcium in the medium, group B, group C, group D and group E containing calcium chloride with concentration of l mol, 2 mol, 4 mol, anti-calcium-sensing receptor antibody, respectively. RT-PCR and western blot were performed to determine the levels of CXCR4 mRNA transcription and proteins expression of the third generation BMSCs of each group, respectively.The levels of CXCR4 mRNA transcription and protein expression between US group and control group had no statistically significant difference (P 0.05) shown by RT-PCR and western blot; the transcription level in the UM group was significantly higher than that in US group and control group (P 0.05); and in the ultrasound-exposed microbubbles plus catalase group, the transcription level was much lower than that in UM group. Fluorescence intensify in the cells of US group had no significant difference compared with that in the cells of the control group (P 0.05), which in the cells of UM group was significantly higher than that in the cells of both US group and control group (P 0.05). Compared to group A, expressions of CXCR4 of group B to D were significantly increased in concentration-dependent manner showed by RT-PCR and western blot (P 0.05). Compared to group C, expressions of CXCR4 of group E were significantly decreased (P 0.05).UM can promote the influx of calcium in BMSCs and increase mRNA transcription and protein expression of CXCR4. The latter may partly be caused by influx of calcium.

The 2-fold interpenetrated 3D framework 1 can be solvent-induced to noninterpenetrated framework 1' in a reversible single crystal-single crystal transformation fashion. In addition, 1' represents the first catalyst based on triazole to catalyze the aerobic homocoupling of various substituted arylboronic acids.

Coal gangue as road engineering material can sovle the problems of energy saving and environmental protection.Experimental datas of grain size distribution,crushing value,slake durability index,expansivity,liquid limit index,plastic limit index and water absorption showed that its own characteristics are in line with the requirements of road engineering materials. There are successful cases of application of coal gangue in road constructions both here and abroad. Principal component analysis is used to identify four major factors of coal gangue applications in road construction.Put forward 5 urgent problems to be solved and give a few corresponding suggestions.

We generalize the concept of locality in vertex algebras to the formal EndM -valued distributions. In 2-dimensional case, we construct a family of local sets. We also give a necessary and sufficient condition for pairs of formal EndM -valued distributions to be local.

Bashania fargesii as one of the main staple food bamboos for giant panda in Tsinling Mountains has been protected by the Chinese government. 15 microsatellite primers were developed in B. fargesii and B. aristata for studying phylogenetic relationships, population clonal structure and genetic diversity. All of these loci showed polymorphisms, and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 20 from two populations. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.310 to 0.981 and from 0.323 to 0.905, respectively. The polymorphic information content ranged from 0.322 to 0.901. These primers will useful to study the phylogenetic relationships, population clonal structure and genetic diversity of B. fargesii and B. aristata.

In order to simplify the analysis and calculation of multi-span simply supported girder bridge, the seismic frequency response function equation of longitudinal vibration for single-span simply supported girder bridge is established, based on the Fourier transform of the motion equations of multi-degree-of-freedom system. The calculation method of the seismic frequency response for the vertical moment and displacement of multi-span simply supported beam bridge is proposed according to the transfer matrix principle. Taking a bridge of Qinghai-Tibet Railway as an example, the maximum displacement and moment are solved. The result shows that: the displacement of the control section of the side spans is smaller than that of the middle of the bridge, while the moment is opposite. The corresponding Fourier amplitude spectrums under the pulse loads are given finally.

The interaction between Rdlβ5 GABA receptors of house fly before and after mutation and AVM was considered as the reason that AVM cause the insect death and investigated with Sybylx1.1 software. The docking results showed that the hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction played an important role among the complexes of Rdlβ5 GABA receptor and avermectin. Hydrogen bond of 2.217 Å formed between B/Ser58 of GABA receptor and atom O42 of avermectin before mutation, 1.953 Å hydrogen bond formed between A/Gln6 of GABA receptor and hydroxyl (C7) of avermectin after mutation. In addition, our results indicated that the binding free energy (ΔE) of AVM and GABA receptors increased 3.59 kcal mol−1 after mutation, which was consistent with the experimental phenomenon of the insecticidal resistance to AVM.

Glioblastoma multiforme, the most common and aggressive form of primary brain tumor, presents a dismal prognosis. MicroRNAs play a critical role in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer; however, the potential biological role of miRNAs in glioblastoma multiforme remains largely unknown. In our study, we found that microRNA-96 is upregulated in glioma tissues than in normal human brains. Transfection of microRNA-96 mimics into glioma cells significantly decreases apoptosis by suppressing PDCD4, a well-known tumor suppressor that is involved in apoptosis. In contrast, knockdown of microRNA-96 enhanced apoptosis. In vivo, microRNA-96 overexpression inhibits the apoptosis and increases tumor growth. These data suggest that microRNA-96 is a potential molecular target for glioma treatment.

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprints were used to reveal genotypic diversity of dwarf bamboo (Bashania fangiana) clonal populations with two different genet ages (≤30 years versus >70 years) at Wolong National Natural Reserve, Sichuan province, China. We generated AFLP fingerprints for 96 leaf samples, collected at 30 m intervals in the two populations, using ten selective primer pairs. A total of 92 genotypes were identified from the both populations. The mean proportion of distinguishable genotypes (G/N) was 0.9583 (0.9375 to 0.9792) and Simpson's index of diversity (D) was 0.9982 (0.9973 to 0.9991). So, two B. fangiana populations were multiclonal and highly diverse. The largest single clone may occur over a distance of about 30 m. Our results demonstrated that the genotypic diversity and genet density of B. fangiana clonal population did not change significantly (47 versus 45) with genet aging and low partitioned genetic differentiation was between the two populations (Gst = 0.0571). The analysis of molecular variance consistently showed that a large proportion of the genetic variation (87.79%) existed among the individuals within populations, whereas only 12.21% were found among populations. In addition, the high level of genotypic diversity in the two populations implies that the further works were needed to investigate the reasons for the poor seed set in B. fangiana after flowering.