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This study aimed to describe the landscape of Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)-related adverse events (AEs) in a predominantly Chinese cohort. We searched electronic datasets including PubMed, Web of Science and Embase to identify and recruit relevant trials up to September 2, 2019. Clinical trials focusing on ICIs in Chinese patients or a predominantly Chinese population were included. Incidences of treatment-related AEs (TRAEs) and immune-related AEs (irAEs) were pooled and compared. In total, we recruited 13 trials consisting of 1063 patients, with 922 (86.7%) receiving ICI monotherapy and 141 (13.3%) receiving combination of ICI with chemotherapy or anti-angiogenesis. The pooled incidence of any grade TRAEs, grade 1-2, grade 3-5 TRAEs, any grade irAEs, grade 1-2 irAEs and grade 3-5 irAEs in all 1063 patients were 84.1%, 63.3%, 20.9%, 43.3%, 40.0% and 3.0%, respectively. Moreover, 4.3% (44/1018) of patients experienced treatment discontinuation and only 8 (0.8%) patients experienced treatment-related death. Compared to ICI monotherapy, combination significantly increased grade 3-5 TRAEs (46.1% vs. 17.0%, P < 0.001) and grade 3-5 irAEs (7.1% vs. 2.0%, P = 0.015). By comparing the toxicity profiles between different ICIs, we found some drug-specific AEs such as reactive capillary haemangiomas for camrelizumab (58.6%), hyperglycemia for toripalimab (55.6%) and pyrexia for tislelizumab (54.3%). Additionally, nivolumab has the lowest incidence of any grade (64.1%) and grade 3-5 (11.8%) TRAEs. ICI-related AEs were generally mild and tolerable for a predominantly Chinese cohort. However, we should pay attention to the combination of ICI with chemotherapy as it could increase grade 3-5 TRAEs and irAEs.

Competing inhomogeneous orders are a central feature of correlated electron materials, including the high-temperature superconductors. The two-dimensional Hubbard model serves as the canonical microscopic physical model for such systems. Multiple orders have been proposed in the underdoped part of the phase diagram, which corresponds to a regime of maximum numerical difficulty. By combining the latest numerical methods in exhaustive simulations, we uncover the ordering in the underdoped ground state. We find a stripe order that has a highly compressible wavelength on an energy scale of a few kelvin, with wavelength fluctuations coupled to pairing order. The favored filled stripe order is different from that seen in real materials. Our results demonstrate the power of modern numerical methods to solve microscopic models, even in challenging settings., (Copyright © 2017 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.)

Using the tensor renormalization group method based on the higher-order singular value decomposition, we have studied the thermodynamic properties of the continuous XY model on the square lattice. The temperature dependence of the free energy, the internal energy, and the specific heat agree with the Monte Carlo calculations. From the field dependence of the magnetic susceptibility, we find the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition temperature to be 0.8921(19), consistent with the Monte Carlo as well as the high temperature series expansion results. At the transition temperature, the critical exponent δ is estimated as 14.5, close to the analytic value by Kosterlitz.

We evaluate the thermodynamic properties of the 4-state antiferromagnetic Potts model on the Union-Jack lattice using tensor-based numerical methods. We present strong evidence for a previously unknown, "entropy-driven," finite-temperature phase transition to a partially ordered state. From the thermodynamics of Potts models on the diced and centered diced lattices, we propose that finite-temperature transitions and partially ordered states are ubiquitous on irregular lattices.

We develop a novel quantum transfer matrix method to study thermodynamic properties of one-dimensional (1D) disordered electronic systems. It is shown that the partition function can be expressed as a product of 2 × 2 local transfer matrices. We demonstrate this method by applying it to the 1D disordered Anderson model. Thermodynamic quantities of this model are calculated and discussed.