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1. Utilizing Group Model Building to Identify Barriers and Facilitators of Hypertension Management in Primary Health Care, China

Author

Qin T, Li X, Qiao K, Bai X, Gu M, and Wang Y

Subjects
group model building, hypertension management, primary health care, causal loop diagram, system dynamics, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Tingting Qin, Xingming Li, Kun Qiao, Xinyuan Bai, Mingyu Gu, Yao Wang School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xingming Li, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China, Email xingmingli@ccmu.edu.cnPurpose: Group Model Building (GMB) is a qualitative method that refers to a participatory process. This project aims to identify barriers and facilitators of hypertension management in primary health care in China, through which, the leverage point for intervention may be found.Methods: The GMB was used to identify the factors influencing hypertension management. Graphs over time and causal loop diagram (CLD) were main tools of GMB. To propose the influencing factors, key stakeholders were invited to participate in a workshop. During the workshop, stakeholders were encouraged to plot the graphs over time of the variables about research issues and give a descriptive explanation. And based on this, a CLD was initially developed to establish a model of the interaction of factors. After the workshop, the research group further improved the CLD through repeated mutual discussions, and gave feedback to the participants. The Vensim PLE 9.0 software package was used to build CLD.Results: A total of 14 key stakeholders were invited to participate in the workshop. Finally, 26 influencing factors were identified, which were divided into three dimensions, including the institutional, the community health workers (CHWs), and the patient level. And 5 reinforcing loops and 4 balancing loops were formed in the CLD. Promoting the building of the Medical Community/Regional Medical Association, implementing the family doctor contract service (FDCS), and enhancing the motivation of CHWs may be potential leverage points for hypertension management in China.Conclusion: By using GMB, we have identified key factors in the management of hypertension in primary health care and provided comprehensive suggestions to overcome the obstacles.Keywords: group model building, hypertension management, primary health care, causal loop diagram, system dynamics

Published
2024

2. Ultrasound Triggered Tumor Metabolism Suppressor Induces Tumor Starvation for Enhanced Sonodynamic Immunotherapy of Breast Cancer

Author

Qiao K, Luo C, Huang R, Xiang J, Pan Y, Zhang S, Jiang C, Ding S, Yang H, Huang Y, and Ning S

Subjects
sonodynamic therapy, glycolysis inhibitor, black phosphorus nanosheets, starvation therapy, immune activation, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Kun Qiao,1,* Cheng Luo,2,* Rong Huang,3,4 Jingfeng Xiang,5 You Pan,3,4 Shiyuan Zhang,1 Cong Jiang,1 Shuaijie Ding,6 Huawei Yang,3,4 Yuanxi Huang,1 Shipeng Ning3,4 1Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, The Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530000, People’s Republic of China; 3Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530000, People’s Republic of China; 4Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research of Guangxi Department of Education, Nanning, 530000, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shipeng Ning; Yuanxi Huang, Email nspdoctor@163.com; rxwk@163.comIntroduction: Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) as an emerging tumor treatment gained wide attention. However, tumor vascular destruction and oxygen depletion in SDT process may lead to further hypoxia. This may lead to enhanced glycolysis, lactate accumulation, and immunosuppression.Methods: A glycolysis inhibitor (3PO) loaded and PEG modified black phosphorus nanosheets (BO) is constructed for potent starvation therapy and efficient immune activation.Results: Under ultrasound irradiation, the BO can produce ROS to destroy tumors and tumor blood vessels and lead to further hypoxia and nutrients block. Then, the released 3PO inhibits tumor glycolysis and prevents the hypoxia-induced glycolysis and lactate accumulation. Both SDT and 3PO can cut off the source of lactic acid, as well as achieve antitumor starvation therapy through the blockade of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) supply. In addition, the combination of starvation treatment and SDT further facilitates dendritic cells (DC) maturation, promotes antigen presentation by DCs, and eventually propagates the antitumor immunity and inhibition of abscopal tumor growth.Conclusion: This is the first time that combines SDT with inhibition of glycolysis, achieving admirable tumor treatment and decreasing adverse events caused by SDT process and that has caused good immune activation. Our system provides a new idea for the future design of anti-tumor nanomedicines.Keywords: sonodynamic therapy, glycolysis inhibitor, black phosphorus nanosheets, starvation therapy, immune activation

Published
2023

3. Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Sensitivity of the XLZD Rare Event Observatory

Author

XLZD Collaboration, Aalbers, J., Abe, K., Adrover, M., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Akerib, D. S., Musalhi, A. K. Al, Alder, F., Althueser, L., Amaral, D. W. P., Amarasinghe, C. S., Ames, A., Andrieu, B., Angelides, N., Angelino, E., Antunovic, B., Aprile, E., Araújo, H. M., Armstrong, J. E., Arthurs, M., Babicz, M., Bajpai, D., Baker, A., Balzer, M., Bang, J., Barberio, E., Bargemann, J. W., Barillier, E., Basharina-Freshville, A., Baudis, L., Bauer, D., Bazyk, M., Beattie, K., Beaupere, N., Bell, N. F., Bellagamba, L., Benson, T., Bhatti, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Biondi, R., Biondi, Y., Birch, H. J., Bishop, E., Bismark, A., Boehm, C., Boese, K., Bolotnikov, A., Brás, P., Braun, R., Breskin, A., Brew, C. A. J., Brommer, S., Brown, A., Bruni, G., Budnik, R., Burdin, S., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Carini, G., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Carter, M., Chauvin, A., Chawla, A., Chen, H., Cherwinka, J. J., Chin, Y. T., Chott, N. I., Chavez, A. P. Cimental, Clark, K., Colijn, A. P., Colling, D. J., Conrad, J., Converse, M. V., Coronel, R., Costanzo, D., Cottle, A., Cox, G., Cuenca-García, J. J., Curran, D., Cussans, D., D'Andrea, V., Garcia, L. C. Daniel, Darlington, I., Dave, S., David, A., Davies, G. J., Decowski, M. P., Deisting, A., Delgaudio, J., Dey, S., Di Donato, C., Di Felice, L., Di Gangi, P., Diglio, S., Ding, C., Dobson, J. E. Y., Doerenkamp, M., Drexlin, G., Druszkiewicz, E., Dunbar, C. L., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Engel, R., Eriksen, S. R., Fayer, S., Fearon, N. M., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fieldhouse, N., Fischer, H., Flaecher, H., Flehmke, T., Flierman, M., Fraser, E. D., Fruth, T. M. A., Fujikawa, K., Fulgione, W., Fuselli, C., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Gaitskell, R. J., Gallice, N., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garroum, N., Geffre, A., Genovesi, J., Ghag, C., Ghosh, S., Giacomobono, R., Gibbons, R., Girard, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Glück, F., Gokhale, S., Grandi, L., Green, J., Grigat, J., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Größle, R., Guan, H., Guida, M., Gyorgy, P., Haiston, J. J., Hall, C. R., Hall, T., Hammann, R., Hannen, V., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Hargittai, N., Hartigan-O'Connor, E., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hernandez, M., Hertel, S. A., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hiraoka, K., Hoetzsch, L., Hoferichter, M., Homenides, G. J., Hood, N. F., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Hughes, S., Hunt, D., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jacquet, E., Jakob, J., James, R. S., Joerg, F., Jones, S., Kaboth, A. C., Kahlert, F., Kamaha, A. C., Kaminaga, Y., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Keller, M., Kemp-Russell, P., Khaitan, D., Kharbanda, P., Kilminster, B., Kim, J., Kirk, R., Kleifges, M., Klute, M., Kobayashi, M., Kodroff, D., Koke, D., Kopec, A., Korolkova, E. V., Kraus, H., Kravitz, S., Kreczko, L., von Krosigk, B., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kuger, F., Kurita, N., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Lawes, C., Lee, J., Lehnert, B., Leonard, D. S., Lesko, K. T., Levinson, L., Li, A., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Liang, Z., Lin, J., Lin, Y. -T., Lindemann, S., Linden, S., Lindner, M., Lindote, A., Lippincott, W. H., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J. A. M., Lopes, M. I., Lorenzon, W., Loutit, M., Lu, C., Lucchetti, G. M., Luce, T., Luitz, S., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Maier, B., Majewski, P. A., Manalaysay, A., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Mannino, R. L., Marignetti, F., Marley, T., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Maupin, C., McCabe, C., McCarthy, M. E., McKinsey, D. N., McLaughlin, J. B., Melchiorre, A., Menéndez, J., Messina, M., Miller, E. H., Milosovic, B., Milutinovic, S., Miuchi, K., Miyata, R., Mizrachi, E., Molinario, A., Monteiro, C. M. B., Monzani, M. E., Morå, K., Moriyama, S., Morrison, E., Morteau, E., Mosbacher, Y., Mount, B. J., Müller, J., Murdy, M., Murphy, A. St. J., Murra, M., Naylor, A., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., Newstead, J. L., Nguyen, A., Ni, K., O'Hare, C., Oberlack, U., Obradovic, M., Olcina, I., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Gann, G. D. Orebi, Orpwood, J., Ostrowskiy, I., Ouahada, S., Oyulmaz, K., Paetsch, B., Palladino, K. J., Palmer, J., Pan, Y., Pandurovic, M., Pannifer, N. J., Paramesvaran, S., Patton, S. J., Pellegrini, Q., Penning, B., Pereira, G., Peres, R., Perry, E., Pershing, T., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Piepke, A., Pierre, M., Plante, G., Pollmann, T. R., Principe, L., Qi, J., Qiao, K., Qie, Y., Qin, J., Radeka, S., Radeka, V., Rajado, M., García, D. Ramírez, Ravindran, A., Razeto, A., Reichenbacher, J., Rhyne, C. A., Richards, A., Rischbieter, G. R. C., Riyat, H. S., Rosero, R., Roy, A., Rushton, T., Rynders, D., Saakyan, R., Sanchez, L., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Santone, D., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sartorelli, G., Sazzad, A. B. M. R., Scaffidi, A., Schnee, R. W., Schreiner, J., Schulte, P., Schulze, H., Eißing, Schumann, M., Schwenck, A., Schwenk, A., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Sharma, S., Shaw, S., Shen, W., Sherman, L., Shi, S., Shi, S. Y., Shimada, T., Shutt, T., Silk, J. J., Silva, C., Simgen, H., Sinev, G., Singh, R., Siniscalco, J., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Song, Z., Sorensen, P., Soria, J., Stanley, O., Steidl, M., Stenhouse, T., Stevens, A., Stifter, K., Sumner, T. J., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, W. C., Thers, D., Thümmler, T., Tiedt, D. R., Tönnies, F., Tong, Z., Toschi, F., Tovey, D. R., Tranter, J., Trask, M., Trinchero, G., Tripathi, M., Tronstad, D. R., Trotta, R., Tunnell, C. D., Urquijo, P., Usón, A., Utoyama, M., Vaitkus, A. C., Valentino, O., Valerius, K., Vecchi, S., Velan, V., Vetter, S., de Viveiros, L., Volta, G., Vorkapic, D., Wang, A., Wang, J. J., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Waters, D., Weerman, K. M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Whitis, T. J., Wild, K., Williams, M., Wilson, M., Wilson, S. T., Wittweg, C., Wolf, J., Wolfs, F. L. H., Woodford, S., Woodward, D., Worcester, M., Wright, C. J., Wu, V. H. S., üstling, S. W, Wurm, M., Xia, Q., Xing, Y., Xu, D., Xu, J., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yeh, M., Yu, B., Zavattini, G., Zha, W., Zhong, M., and Zuber, K.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The XLZD collaboration is developing a two-phase xenon time projection chamber with an active mass of 60 to 80 t capable of probing the remaining WIMP-nucleon interaction parameter space down to the so-called neutrino fog. In this work we show that, based on the performance of currently operating detectors using the same technology and a realistic reduction of radioactivity in detector materials, such an experiment will also be able to competitively search for neutrinoless double beta decay in $^{136}$Xe using a natural-abundance xenon target. XLZD can reach a 3$\sigma$ discovery potential half-life of 5.7$\times$10$^{27}$ yr (and a 90% CL exclusion of 1.3$\times$10$^{28}$ yr) with 10 years of data taking, corresponding to a Majorana mass range of 7.3-31.3 meV (4.8-20.5 meV). XLZD will thus exclude the inverted neutrino mass ordering parameter space and will start to probe the normal ordering region for most of the nuclear matrix elements commonly considered by the community., Comment: 29 pages, 7 figures

Published
2024

4. The XLZD Design Book: Towards the Next-Generation Liquid Xenon Observatory for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics

Author

XLZD Collaboration, Aalbers, J., Abe, K., Adrover, M., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Akerib, D. S., Musalhi, A. K. Al, Alder, F., Althueser, L., Amaral, D. W. P., Amarasinghe, C. S., Ames, A., Andrieu, B., Angelides, N., Angelino, E., Antunovic, B., Aprile, E., Araújo, H. M., Armstrong, J. E., Arthurs, M., Babicz, M., Bajpai, D., Baker, A., Balzer, M., Bang, J., Barberio, E., Bargemann, J. W., Barillier, E., Basharina-Freshville, A., Baudis, L., Bauer, D., Bazyk, M., Beattie, K., Beaupere, N., Bell, N. F., Bellagamba, L., Benson, T., Bhatti, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Biondi, R., Biondi, Y., Birch, H. J., Bishop, E., Bismark, A., Boehm, C., Boese, K., Bolotnikov, A., Brás, P., Braun, R., Breskin, A., Brew, C. A. J., Brommer, S., Brown, A., Bruni, G., Budnik, R., Burdin, S., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Carini, G., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Carter, M., Chauvin, A., Chawla, A., Chen, H., Cherwinka, J. J., Chin, Y. T., Chott, N. I., Chavez, A. P. Cimental, Clark, K., Colijn, A. P., Colling, D. J., Conrad, J., Converse, M. V., Coronel, R., Costanzo, D., Cottle, A., Cox, G., Cuenca-García, J. J., Curran, D., Cussans, D., D'Andrea, V., Garcia, L. C. Daniel, Darlington, I., Dave, S., David, A., Davies, G. J., Decowski, M. P., Deisting, A., Delgaudio, J., Dey, S., Di Donato, C., Di Felice, L., Di Gangi, P., Diglio, S., Ding, C., Dobson, J. E. Y., Doerenkamp, M., Drexlin, G., Druszkiewicz, E., Dunbar, C. L., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Engel, R., Eriksen, S. R., Fayer, S., Fearon, N. M., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fieldhouse, N., Fischer, H., Flaecher, H., Flehmke, T., Flierman, M., Fraser, E. D., Fruth, T. M. A., Fujikawa, K., Fulgione, W., Fuselli, C., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Gaitskell, R. J., Gallice, N., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garroum, N., Geffre, A., Genovesi, J., Ghag, C., Ghosh, S., Giacomobono, R., Gibbons, R., Girard, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Glück, F., Gokhale, S., Grandi, L., Green, J., Grigat, J., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Größle, R., Guan, H., Guida, M., Gyorgy, P., Haiston, J. J., Hall, C. R., Hall, T., Hammann, R., Hannen, V., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Hargittai, N., Hartigan-O'Connor, E., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hernandez, M., Hertel, S. A., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hiraoka, K., Hoetzsch, L., Hoferichter, M., Homenides, G. J., Hood, N. F., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Hughes, S., Hunt, D., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jacquet, E., Jakob, J., James, R. S., Joerg, F., Jones, S., Kaboth, A. C., Kahlert, F., Kamaha, A. C., Kaminaga, Y., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Keller, M., Kemp-Russell, P., Khaitan, D., Kharbanda, P., Kilminster, B., Kim, J., Kirk, R., Kleifges, M., Klute, M., Kobayashi, M., Kodroff, D., Koke, D., Kopec, A., Korolkova, E. V., Kraus, H., Kravitz, S., Kreczko, L., von Krosigk, B., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kuger, F., Kurita, N., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Lawes, C., Lee, J., Lehnert, B., Leonard, D. S., Lesko, K. T., Levinson, L., Li, A., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Liang, Z., Lin, J., Lin, Y. -T., Lindemann, S., Linden, S., Lindner, M., Lindote, A., Lippincott, W. H., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Lopes, J. A. M., Lopes, M. I., Lorenzon, W., Loutit, M., Lu, C., Lucchetti, G. M., Luce, T., Luitz, S., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Maier, B., Majewski, P. A., Manalaysay, A., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Mannino, R. L., Marignetti, F., Marley, T., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Maupin, C., McCabe, C., McCarthy, M. E., McKinsey, D. N., McLaughlin, J. B., Melchiorre, A., Menéndez, J., Messina, M., Miller, E. H., Milosovic, B., Milutinovic, S., Miuchi, K., Miyata, R., Mizrachi, E., Molinario, A., Monteiro, C. M. B., Monzani, M. E., Morå, K., Moriyama, S., Morrison, E., Morteau, E., Mosbacher, Y., Mount, B. J., Müller, J., Murdy, M., Murphy, A. St. J., Murra, M., Naylor, A., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., Newstead, J. L., Nguyen, A., Ni, K., O'Hare, C., Oberlack, U., Obradovic, M., Olcina, I., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Gann, G. D. Orebi, Orpwood, J., Ostrowskiy, I., Ouahada, S., Oyulmaz, K., Paetsch, B., Palladino, K. J., Palmer, J., Pan, Y., Pandurovic, M., Pannifer, N. J., Paramesvaran, S., Patton, S. J., Pellegrini, Q., Penning, B., Pereira, G., Peres, R., Perry, E., Pershing, T., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Piepke, A., Pierre, M., Plante, G., Pollmann, T. R., Principe, L., Qi, J., Qiao, K., Qie, Y., Qin, J., Radeka, S., Radeka, V., Rajado, M., García, D. Ramírez, Ravindran, A., Razeto, A., Reichenbacher, J., Rhyne, C. A., Richards, A., Rischbieter, G. R. C., Riyat, H. S., Rosero, R., Roy, A., Rushton, T., Rynders, D., Saakyan, R., Sanchez, L., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Santone, D., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sartorelli, G., Sazzad, A. B. M. R., Scaffidi, A., Schnee, R. W., Schreiner, J., Schulte, P., Schulze, H., Eißing, Schumann, M., Schwenck, A., Schwenk, A., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Sharma, S., Shaw, S., Shen, W., Sherman, L., Shi, S., Shi, S. Y., Shimada, T., Shutt, T., Silk, J. J., Silva, C., Simgen, H., Sinev, G., Singh, R., Siniscalco, J., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Song, Z., Sorensen, P., Soria, J., Stanley, O., Steidl, M., Stenhouse, T., Stevens, A., Stifter, K., Sumner, T. J., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, W. C., Thers, D., Thümmler, T., Tiedt, D. R., Tönnies, F., Tong, Z., Toschi, F., Tovey, D. R., Tranter, J., Trask, M., Trinchero, G., Tripathi, M., Tronstad, D. R., Trotta, R., Tunnell, C. D., Urquijo, P., Usón, A., Utoyama, M., Vaitkus, A. C., Valentino, O., Valerius, K., Vecchi, S., Velan, V., Vetter, S., de Viveiros, L., Volta, G., Vorkapic, D., Wang, A., Wang, J. J., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Waters, D., Weerman, K. M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Whitis, T. J., Wild, K., Williams, M., Wilson, M., Wilson, S. T., Wittweg, C., Wolf, J., Wolfs, F. L. H., Woodford, S., Woodward, D., Worcester, M., Wright, C. J., Wu, V. H. S., üstling, S. W, Wurm, M., Xia, Q., Xing, Y., Xu, D., Xu, J., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yeh, M., Yu, B., Zavattini, G., Zha, W., Zhong, M., and Zuber, K.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

This report describes the experimental strategy and technologies for a next-generation xenon observatory sensitive to dark matter and neutrino physics. The detector will have an active liquid xenon target mass of 60-80 tonnes and is proposed by the XENON-LUX-ZEPLIN-DARWIN (XLZD) collaboration. The design is based on the mature liquid xenon time projection chamber technology of the current-generation experiments, LZ and XENONnT. A baseline design and opportunities for further optimization of the individual detector components are discussed. The experiment envisaged here has the capability to explore parameter space for Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) dark matter down to the neutrino fog, with a 3$\sigma$ evidence potential for the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross sections as low as $3\times10^{-49}\rm cm^2$ (at 40 GeV/c$^2$ WIMP mass). The observatory is also projected to have a 3$\sigma$ observation potential of neutrinoless double-beta decay of $^{136}$Xe at a half-life of up to $5.7\times 10^{27}$ years. Additionally, it is sensitive to astrophysical neutrinos from the atmosphere, sun, and galactic supernovae., Comment: 32 pages, 14 figures

Published
2024

5. Model-independent searches of new physics in DARWIN with a semi-supervised deep learning pipeline

Author

Aalbers, J., Abe, K., Adrover, M., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Althueser, L., Amaral, D. W. P., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Martin, D. Antón, Antunovic, B., Aprile, E., Babicz, M., Bajpai, D., Balzer, M., Barberio, E., Baudis, L., Bazyk, M., Bell, N. F., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Biondi, Y., Bismark, A., Boehm, C., Boese, K., Braun, R., Breskin, A., Brommer, S., Brown, A., Bruni, G., Budnik, R., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Chauvin, A., Chavez, A. P. Cimental, Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., D'Andrea, V., Garcia, L. C. Daniel, Decowski, M. P., Deisting, A., Di Donato, C., Di Gangi, P., Diglio, S., Doerenkamp, M., Drexlin, G., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Engel, R., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fischer, H., Flehmke, T., Flierman, M., Fujikawa, K., Fulgione, W., Fuselli, C., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garroum, N., Giacomobono, R., Girard, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Glück, F., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Größle, R., Guan, H., Guida, M., Gyorgy, P., Hammann, R., Hannen, V., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Hargittai, N., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hiraoka, K., Hoetzsch, L., Hoferichter, M., Hood, N. F., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., James, R. S., Joerg, F., Kahlert, F., Kaminaga, Y., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Keller, M., Kharbanda, P., Kilminster, B., Kleifges, M., Klute, M., Kobayashi, M., Koke, D., Kopec, A., von Krosigk, B., Kuger, F., LaCascio, L., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, A., Li, S., Liang, S., Liang, Z., Lin, Y. -T., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Lucchetti, G. M., Luce, T., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Maier, B., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Melchiorre, A., Menéndez, J., Messina, M., Milosovic, B., Milutinovic, S., Miuchi, K., Miyata, R., Molinario, A., Monteiro, C. M. B., Morå, K., Moriyama, S., Morteau, E., Mosbacher, Y., Müller, J., Murra, M., Newstead, J. L., Ni, K., O'Hare, C., Oberlack, U., Obradovic, M., Ostrowskiy, I., Ouahada, S., Paetsch, B., Pan, Y., Pandurovic, M., Pellegrini, Q., Peres, R., Piastra, F., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Plante, G., Pollmann, T. R., Principe, L., Qi, J., Qiao, K., Qin, J., Rajado, M., García, D. Ramírez, Ravindran, A., Razeto, A., Sanchez, L., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Sartorelli, G., Scaffidi, A., Schreiner, J., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Schwenck, A., Schwenk, A., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Sharma, S., Shen, W., Shi, S. Y., Shimada, T., Simgen, H., Singh, R., Solmaz, M., Stanley, O., Steidl, M., Stevens, A., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Thers, D., Thümmler, T., Tönnies, F., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Trotta, R., Tunnell, C. D., Urquijo, P., Utoyama, M., Valerius, K., Vecchi, S., Vetter, S., Volta, G., Vorkapic, D., Wang, W., Weerman, K. M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wilson, M., Wittweg, C., Wolf, J., Wu, V. H. S., Wüstling, S., Wurm, M., Xing, Y., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhong, M., and Zuber, K.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present a novel deep learning pipeline to perform a model-independent, likelihood-free search for anomalous (i.e., non-background) events in the proposed next generation multi-ton scale liquid Xenon-based direct detection experiment, DARWIN. We train an anomaly detector comprising a variational autoencoder and a classifier on extensive, high-dimensional simulated detector response data and construct a one-dimensional anomaly score optimised to reject the background only hypothesis in the presence of an excess of non-background-like events. We benchmark the procedure with a sensitivity study that determines its power to reject the background-only hypothesis in the presence of an injected WIMP dark matter signal, outperforming the classical, likelihood-based background rejection test. We show that our neural networks learn relevant energy features of the events from low-level, high-dimensional detector outputs, without the need to compress this data into lower-dimensional observables, thus reducing computational effort and information loss. For the future, our approach lays the foundation for an efficient end-to-end pipeline that eliminates the need for many of the corrections and cuts that are traditionally part of the analysis chain, with the potential of achieving higher accuracy and significant reduction of analysis time., Comment: 10 Figures, 3 Tables, 23 Pages (incl. references)

Published
2024

6. The Safety and Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Serratus Anterior Plane Block (SAPB) Combined with Dexmedetomidine for Patients Undergoing Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS): A Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

Li X, Liu Y, Zhao J, Xiang Z, Ren C, and Qiao K

Subjects
serratus anterior plane block, dexmedetomidine, video-assisted thoracic surgery, ultrasound, preemptive analgesia, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Xiang Li,1,* Yanchao Liu,2,* Jing Zhao,2 Zhixiong Xiang,1 Chunguang Ren,2 Kekun Qiao1 1Department of Anesthesiology, The First People’s Hospital of Tianmen, Tianmen, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Kekun Qiao Email hbqiaokekun@163.comBackground: Although video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) can significantly reduce postoperative pain, the incidence is as high as 30– 50%. The purpose of this study was to explore the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) combined with dexmedetomidine (Dex) for patients undergoing VATS.Methods: Eighty patients were randomized into two groups (20 mL 0.5% ropivacaine plus 0.5 μg/kg or 1 μg/kg Dex). Primary outcome was the visual analog scale of pain while coughing (VASc) score at 24 h after surgery. Secondary outcomes included hemodynamics, sufentanil consumption, number of patients needing rescue analgesia, time to first rescue analgesic, total dose of rescue analgesic, satisfaction scores of patients and surgeons, time of chest tube removal, length of hospital stay, adverse effects, the prevalence of chronic pain and quality of life.Results: Compared with D1 group, visual analog scale of pain at rest (VASr) was significantly lower during the first 24 h after surgery, while VASc was significantly lower during the first 48 h after surgery (P< 0.05). Mean arterial pressure was significantly decreased from T2 to T8, and heart rate was significantly decreased from T2 to T7 in the D2 group (P< 0.05). Consumption of sevoflurane, remifentanil, DEX and the recovery time were significantly reduced in the D2 group (P < 0.05). Consumption of sufentanil 8– 72 h after surgery was significantly lower in the D2 group (P< 0.05). Additionally, the number of patients who required rescue analgesia, the time to the first dose of rescue analgesia, and the total dose of rescue analgesia was significantly lower in the D2 group (P< 0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study show that 1 μg/kg DEX is a beneficial adjuvant to ropivacaine for single-injection SAPB in VATS patients while stable hemodynamics were maintained.Keywords: serratus anterior plane block, dexmedetomidine, video-assisted thoracic surgery, ultrasound, preemptive analgesia

Published
2020

7. Association of IFNL3 rs12979860 polymorphism with HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility in a Chinese population

Author

Hou W, Qiao K, Huo Z, Du Y, Wang C, and Syn WK

Subjects
ifnl3, rs12979860, polymorphism, hcv, hcc, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Wei Hou,1,2 Kunyan Qiao,1 Zhixiao Huo,1 Yanan Du,3 Cindy Wang,2 Wing-Kin Syn2,4 1Tianjin Second People’s Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Hepatology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 2Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 4Section of Gastroenterology, Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USACorrespondence: Wei HouDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Strom Thurmond Building, 30 Courtenay Drive, Charleston, SC 29425, USAEmail houweicn@163.comWing-Kin SynSection of Gastroenterology, Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 109 Bee Street, Charleston, SC 29401, USAEmail synw@musc.eduBackground: The association between interferon lambda-3 (IFNL3，also known as interleukin 28B, IL28B) rs12979860 polymorphism and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been investigated in recent studies with inconclusive and inconsistent results. IFNL3 rs12979860 polymorphism has been shown a marked differential distribution with regional and ethnic variation. Whether this single nucleotide polymorphism influences susceptibility to hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related HCC remains elusive.Methods: In this case–control study, a total of 157 Chinese Han patients with chronic HCV infection were enrolled, including 62 HCV-related HCC patients and 95 chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients without HCC, and the genetic polymorphism of IFNL3 rs12979860 was genotyped via a DNA microarray-based assay. The logistic regression analysis was employed to determine the correlation between the genetic polymorphism and risk of HCV-related HCC.Results: A higher proportion of CT/TT genotype and T allele was observed in HCC patients compared to the CHC group. Under the genetic model of allele frequency, the T allele was associated with elevated risk of HCV-related HCC in the Chinese population compared to C allele after an adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, HCV infection duration, and HCV genotypes (P=0.046). In the subgroup analysis stratified by HCV genotype, subjects with CHC genotype 1b infection carrying rs12979860 T allele and CT+TT genotype had higher susceptibility to HCC than those with C allele and CC genotype (P=0.020, P=0.037, respectively).Conclusion: IFNL3 rs12979860 polymorphism with T allele could be a factor that increases the risk of HCV-related HCC in the Chinese population, especially those subjects with CHC genotype 1b infection.Keywords: IFNL3, rs12979860, polymorphism, HCV, HCC

Published
2019

8. ADVANCEMENTS IN CLOSED AND AUTOMATED CD34+ HEMATOPOIETIC STEM AND PROGENITOR CELL MANUFACTURING UTILIZING THE MILTENYI CLINIMACS PRODIGY SYSTEM: ENABLING COST-EFFECTIVE NEXT-GENERATION THERAPIES

Author

Coisman, B., primary, Goldner, K., additional, McCuaig, B., additional, Zhang, M., additional, Bai, T., additional, Jamieson, J., additional, Lucini, C., additional, Ye, L., additional, Goff, N., additional, Kim, J., additional, Qiao, K., additional, Olins, J., additional, Decker, J., additional, Shay, A., additional, Kaur, G., additional, Talukdar, A., additional, and Kopesky, P., additional

Published
2024
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9. Frequency stabilization of adiabatic temperature change in Fe50Rh50 alloy in a cyclic magnetic field of 1.2 T.

Author

Gamzatov, A. G., Igoshev, P. A., Aliev, A. M., Qiao, K., Hu, F., Wang, J., and Shen, B.

Subjects
MAGNETIC field effects, PHASE transitions, ADIABATIC temperature, MAGNETIC alloys, VALUES (Ethics)
Abstract

We present the results of direct measurements of the adiabatic temperature change (ΔTad) for the Fe50Rh50 alloy in a cyclic magnetic field (CMF) of 1.2 T. It is shown that increasing the frequency of the CMF from 1 to 30 Hz is accompanied by a shift of the position of temperature dependence ΔTad(T) maximum, Tmax, toward low temperatures. With an increase in the CMF frequency from 1 to 5 Hz, the ΔTmax value decreases by ∼12%. A further increase in frequency leads to stabilization of the effect. In the vicinity of the antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase transition point TC = 370 K, ΔTad exhibits unconventional frequency behavior: while at T well above TC, the value of ΔTad monotonously decreases as frequency increases, at T = 370.4 K; an interval of frequency-independent ΔTad up to 10 Hz is observed, and at 368 K < T < TC, the maximum of ΔTad(f) dependence is found in the interval 1 < f < 10 Hz. Such behavior in the future can be applied in magnetic cooling technology due to large values of ΔTad and the frequency stability of the effect in alternating fields. The specific cooling power reaches giant values of ∼22 W/g at 20 Hz, which is comparable to the values under the same conditions for Gd −21.6 W/g. The unconventional behavior of ΔTad in the CMF is discussed in the context of the role of secondary phase localization, which leads to an enhanced internal local magnetic field and dynamic effects of ΔTad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Coupling SPP with LSPR for Enhanced Field Confinement: A Simulation Study

Author

Xia, M, Zhang, P, Qiao, K, Bai, Y, and Xie, YH

Subjects
Physical Chemistry, Engineering, Chemical Sciences, Technology
Abstract

By using finite-difference time-domain simulation, we investigate the enhancement of local electrical field by combining localized surface plasmon (LSP) of Au nanopyramid array and surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) focused by Au nanorings. We report on the systematic investigation of structural variables that could affect the coupling efficiency between SPPs and LSP to obtain optimal design. The study aims at finding the quasi-quantitative relation between several key-variables of the pyramid-ring combination and the overall surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) enhancement at the center of the structure. We consider the following factors that could affect the interaction between SPPs and LSP: ring radius, number of rings, pyramid spacing, number of pyramids, and the relative position of ring center and pyramid array center. By adjusting these structural variables, high electric field enhancement of up to 140× and large volume of hot spots can be achieved. We also investigate the incorporation of the LSP-SPP hybrid structure onto the facet of optical fiber for SERS-based detection.

Published
2016

12. Structure and Vertical Modes in Finite 2D Plasma Crystals

Author

Qiao, K. and Hyde, T. W.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

In this research, formation of finite two-dimensional (2D) plasma crystals was numerically simulated. The structure was investigated for systems with various Debye length and it was found there is a transition from a complete hexagonal structure to a structure with concentric rings on the outer edge and hexagonal lattice in the interior as the Debye length increases. The vertical as well as horizontal oscillation modes thermally excited in the 2D dust coulomb clusters were investigated. The horizontal mode spectra is shown to agree with published results while the vertical mode spectra obtained from numerical simulation and analytical method agree with one another. The frequency of the vertical modes is shown to have a maximum corresponding to the whole system acting as a solid plane. For low frequency modes, the largest amplitude particle motion is concentrated in a few inner rings with the outer rings remaining almost motionless in contrast to the horizontal modes for which the strongest motion of the particles is concentrated in the inner rings at high frequencies.

Published
2007

13. Structural Phases of Bounded Three-Dimensional Screened Coulomb Clusters (Finite Yukawa System)

Author

Qiao, K., Benesh, M., and Hyde, T. W.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The formation of three-dimensional (3D) dust clusters within a complex plasma modeled as a spatially confined Yukawa system is simulated using the box_tree code. Similar to unscreened Coulomb clusters, the occurrence of concentric shells with characteristic occupation numbers was observed. Both the occupation numbers and radii were found to depend on the Debye length. Ground and low energy meta-stable states of the shielded 3D Coulomb clusters were determined for 4

Published
2006
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14. Numerical Study of Structural Phase Transitions in a Vertically Confined Plasma Crystal

Author

Qiao, K. and Hyde, T. W.

Subjects
Physics - Atomic and Molecular Clusters
Abstract

Dusty plasmas consists of an ionized gas containing small (usually negatively charged) particles. Dusty plasmas are of interest in both astrophysics and space physics as well as in research in plasma processing and nanofabrication. In this work, the formation of plasma crystals confined in an external one-dimensional parabolic potential well is simulated for a normal experimental environment employing a computer code called BOX_TREE. Such crystals are layered systems, with each layer a two dimensional lattice composed of grain particles. The number of layers is dependent upon the external potential parameter. For constant layer number, the intralayer structure transits from a square lattice to a hexagonal (triangular) lattice as the confining potential decreases. For hexagonal lattices, both hcp and fcc characteristics were found but hcp structures dominate. The relative thickness of the system was also examined. The results were compared with previous experimental and theoretical results and found to agree.

Published
2005
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15. Vertical modes of two-dimensional dust coulomb clusters in complex plasmas

Author

Qiao, K. and Hyde, T. W.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The vertical as well as horizontal oscillation modes in a thermally excited two-dimensional (2D) dust coulomb cluster were investigated for particle numbers between and using both a box_tree simulation and an analytical method. The horizontal mode spectra is shown to agree with published results while the vertical mode spectra obtained from the box_tree simulation and the analytical method are shown to agree with one another. The maximum frequency of the vertical modes is shown to be the vertical oscillation frequency of the whole system acting as a solid plane and the frequency is shown to decrease as the mode number l decreases. The oscillation patterns of the vertical modes are also investigated. For clusters with large numbers of particles, the high frequency modes are shown to have oscillation patterns similar in shape to Bessel-Fourier functions with various index m and n. For specified values of n, modes with higher m (except for) have lower frequencies and for specified m, modes with higher n have lower frequencies. For low frequency modes, the largest amplitude particle motion is concentrated in a few inner rings with the outer rings remaining almost motionless. This is in contrast to the horizontal modes where the strongest motion of the particles is concentrated in the inner rings at high frequency. For clusters with small numbers of particles (), these modes where the strongest vertical motion is concentrated in the inner rings does not exist resulting in oscillation magnitudes for all the modes appearing in the shape of Bessel-Fourier functions.

Published
2005

16. Dynamics of a Dust Crystal with Two Different Size Dust Species

Author

Matthews, L. S., Qiao, K., and Hyde, T. W.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

A self-consistent three-dimensional model for a complex (dusty) plasma is used to study the effects of multiple-sized dust grains in a dust crystal. In addition to the interparticle forces, which interact through a Yukawa potential, the model includes the effects of gravity, the variation of the sheath potential above the powered electrode, and a radial confining potential. Simulations studied various ratios of a mix of 6.5- and 8.9-micron monodisperse particles and compared their correlation functions, electric potential energy of the crystal formations, and the dispersion relations for in-plane and out-of-plane dust lattice wave (DLW) modes for two different sheath thicknesses. In the 7 mm sheath, the particles formed two layers in the vertical direction by size, and acted as a two-layer crystal with weak correlation between the layers. In the 3 mm sheath, the particles formed an essentially monolayer crystal; however the crystal dynamics showed some characteristics of a bilayer crystal.

Published
2005
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17. Structural phase transitions and out-of-plane dust lattice instabilities in vertically confined plasma crystals

Author

Qiao, K. and Hyde, T. W.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - General Physics
Abstract

The formation of plasma crystals confined in an external one-dimensional parabolic potential well is simulated for a normal experimental environment employing a computer code called BOXITREE. Under appropriate conditions, crystals were found to form layered systems. The system's structural phase transitions, including transitions between crystals with differing numbers of layers and the same number of layers but different intralayer structures, were investigated and found to agree with previous theoretical and experimental research results. One- to two-layer transitions were examined in detail and shown to start at the point where the out-of-plane lattice instability appears. The resulting three layer system caused by this instability was observed at the center of the system. Finally, growth rates for this out-of-plane lattice instability were obtained using the BOXITREE simulation with these results shown to agree with those obtained from analytical theory., Comment: 18 pages

Published
2005
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19. Dispersion Relations for Thermally Excited Waves in Plasma Crystals

Author

Qiao, K. and Hyde, T. W.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

Thermally excited waves in a Plasma crystal were numerically simulated using a Box_Tree code. The code is a Barnes_Hut tree code proven effective in modeling systems composed of large numbers of particles. Interaction between individual particles was assumed to conform to a Yukawa potential. Particle charge, mass, density, Debye length and output data intervals are all adjustable parameters in the code. Employing a Fourier transform on the output data, dispersion relations for both longitudinal and transverse wave modes were determined. These were compared with the dispersion relations obtained from experiment as well as a theory based on a harmonic approximation to the potential. They were found to agree over a range of 0.9

Published
2003
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20. Numerical Simulations and Analysis of Thermally Excited Waves in Plasma Crystals

Author

Qiao, K. and Hyde, T. W.

Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

A numerical model for a 2D-monolayer plasma crystal was established using the Box_tree code. Box_tree is a Barnes_Hut tree code which has proven effective in modeling systems composed of large numbers of particles. Thermally excited waves in this plasma crystal were numerically simulated and dispersion relations for both the longitudinal and transverse wave modes were found. These were compared with the dispersion relations extrapolated from experiment as well as a theory based on harmonic approximation. The results were found to agree with theoretical dispersion relations under different wave propagation directions with different particle charges and over a range of 0.9

Published
2003
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21. Optimization of the Ultrasonic-assisted Extraction Process of Polysaccharides from the Peels of Wild Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia Linn. Var. Abbreviata Ser.) and a Preliminary Study on Their Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Activities

Author

Qiao KANG, Yue SUN, Mengyao LIU, Baolong ZHAO, Hehe LI, Bowen WANG, Dongrui ZHAO, Baoguo SUN, and Jinyuan SUN

Subjects
wild bitter melon, polysaccharide, response surface test, antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract

This study intends to explore the extraction process, physical and chemical properties, antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of polysaccharides from wild bitter melon (WBM). Using the peel of fresh WBM fruit as raw material, based on the single factor experimental results, the liquid-to-material ratio, ultrasonic time and ultrasonic power in the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) process were optimized by Box-Behnken response surface. Two polysaccharide components of WBP50 and WBP75 were obtained through UAE of the optimal conditions and gradient alcohol precipitation, and their physical and chemical properties, in vitro antioxidant and hypoglycemic abilities were evaluated. The results showed that: under the conditions of liquid-to-material ratio of 16 mL/g, ultrasonic time of 16 min, and ultrasonic power of 312 W, the actual yield of crude WBM polysaccharide (WBP) was 8.33%±0.13%. The total sugar, protein, total phenols, total flavonoids, and uronic acid contents of WBP50 and WBP75 were 76.73%/73.38%, 4.78%/0.35%, 0.36%/0.25%, 2.06%/0.86% and 72.85%/49.58%, respectively. The average molecular weights were 27.59 kDa and 23.20 kDa, respectively. WBPs were mainly composed of galacturonic acid, galactose, rhamnose, arabinose, and glucose. The DPPH, ABTS+ and hydroxyl radicals scavenging abilities of WBP50 and WBP75 were 11.28/11.40 μg Trolox/mg, 40.87/44.42 μg Trolox/mg, and 52.47/99.89 U/mg, respectively. Regarding hypoglycemic ability, both WBPs had certain α-amylase inhibitory ability and strong α-glucosidase inhibitory ability. The α-glucosidase inhibition rate of WBP50 and WBP75 reached 93.34%±1.11% and 79.04%±0.76% at a concentration of 750 μg/mL. The UAE of WBP has the advantages of time saving, convenience, high efficiency and low energy consumption, and the extracted WBPs have natural antioxidant and hypoglycemic functional activities. This study lays the foundation for future structural analysis and functional mechanism research of WBPs and provides theoretical references for developing hypoglycemic products and high-value utilization of WBPs.

Published
2024
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22. CircMAPK1 induces cell pyroptosis in sepsis-induced lung injury by mediating KDM2B mRNA decay to epigenetically regulate WNK1

Author

Min Li, Hanjing Lu, Chujun Ruan, Qiao Ke, Longhui Hu, Zhao Li, and Xiaoran Liu

Subjects
CircMAPK1, Macrophage pyroptosis, Sepsis, KDM2B, WNK1, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950, Biochemistry, QD415-436
Abstract

Abstract Background Macrophage pyroptosis is a pivotal inflammatory mechanism in sepsis-induced lung injury, however, the underlying mechanisms remain inadequately elucidated. Methods Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)/adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-stimulated macrophages and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced mouse model for sepsis were established. The levels of key molecules were examined by qRT-PCR, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and ELISA assay. The subcellular localization of circMAPK1 was detected by RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Cell viability, LDH release and caspase-1 activity were monitored by CCK-8, LDH assays, and flow cytometry. The bindings between KDM2B/H3K36me2 and WNK1 promoter was detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay and luciferase assay, and associations among circMAPK1, UPF1 and KDM2B mRNA were assessed by RNA pull-down or RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. The pathological injury of lung tissues was evaluated by lung wet/dry weight ratio and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results CircMAPK1 was elevated in patients with septic lung injury. Knockdown of circMAPK1 protected against LPS/ATP-impaired cell viability and macrophage pyroptosis via WNK1/NLRP3 axis. Mechanistically, loss of circMAPK1 enhanced the association between KDM2B and WNK1 promoter to promote the demethylation of WNK1 and increase its expression. CircMAPK1 facilitated KDM2B mRNA decay by recruiting UPF1. Functional experiments showed that silencing of KDM2B or WNK1 counteracted circMAPK1 knockdown-suppressed macrophage pyroptosis. In addition, silencing of circMAPK1 alleviated CLP-induced lung injury in mice via KDM2B/WNK1/NLRP3 axis. Conclusion CircMAPK1 exacerbates sepsis-induced lung injury by destabilizing KDM2B mRNA to suppress WNK1 expression, thus facilitating NLRP3-driven macrophage pyroptosis.

Published
2024
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23. Safety and efficacy of interventional embolization in cirrhotic patients with refractory hepatic encephalopathy associated with spontaneous portosystemic shunts

Author

Qiao Ke, Jian He, Linsheng Cai, Xiaojuan Lei, Xinhui Huang, Ling Li, Jingfeng Liu, and Wuhua Guo

Subjects
Cirrhosis, Hepatic encephalopathy, Spontaneous portosystemic shunts, Interventional embolization, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of interventional embolization in cirrhotic patients with refractory hepatic encephalopathy (HE) associated with large spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSS). Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was employed to minimize potential bias. A total of 123 patients were included in this study (34 in the embolization group and 89 in the control group). In the unadjusted cohort, the embolization group demonstrated significantly better liver function, a larger total area of SPSS, and a higher percentage of patients with serum ammonia levels > 60 µmol/L and the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (all P 0.05). Patients in the embolization group exhibited significantly longer HE-free survival compared to the control group in both the unadjusted and IPTW cohorts (both P 60 μmol/L, hepatopetal flow within the portal trunk, the presence of solitary SPSS, a baseline HE grade of II, and the absence of HCC at baseline showed statistically significant benefit from embolization treatment (all P 0.05). Hence, interventional embolization appears to be a safe and effective treatment modality for cirrhotic patients with refractory HE associated with large SPSS. However, the benefits of embolization were discernible only in a specific subset of patients.

Published
2024
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24. External validation of the modified CTP score based on ammonia to predict survival in patients with cirrhosis after TIPS placement

Author

Binlin Da, Wei Wu, Wuhua Guo, Kai Xiong, Chao Chen, Qiao Ke, Moran Zhang, Taishun Li, Jiangqiang Xiao, Lei Wang, Ming Zhang, Feng Zhang, and Yuzheng Zhuge

Subjects
Cirrhosis, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, Survival, Prediction model, Risk stratification, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract This study aimed to perform the first external validation of the modified Child-Turcotte-Pugh score based on plasma ammonia (aCTP) and compare it with other risk scoring systems to predict survival in patients with cirrhosis after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement. We retrospectively reviewed 473 patients from three cohorts between January 2016 and June 2022 and compared the aCTP score with the Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score, albumin-bilirubin (ALBI), model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) and sodium MELD (MELD-Na) in predicting transplant-free survival by the concordance index (C-index), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis (DCA) curve. The median follow-up time was 29 months, during which a total of 62 (20.74%) patients died or underwent liver transplantation. The survival curves for the three aCTP grades differed significantly. Patients with aCTP grade C had a shorter expected lifespan than patients with aCTP grades A and B (P

Published
2024
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27. Integrating anoikis and ErbB signaling insights with machine learning and single-cell analysis for predicting prognosis and immune-targeted therapy outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma

Author

Huipeng Fang, Xingte Chen, Yaqi Zhong, Shiji Wu, Qiao Ke, Qizhen Huang, Lei Wang, and Kun Zhang

Subjects
hepatocellular carcinoma, anoikis, ErbB signaling, prognostic model, single cell analysis, machine learning, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a significant global health challenge due to its poor prognosis and limited therapeutic modalities. Anoikis and ErbB signaling pathways are pivotal in cancer cell proliferation and metastasis, but their relevance in HCC remains insufficiently explored.MethodsThis study evaluates the prognostic significance of anoikis and ErbB signaling pathways in HCC by utilizing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), three additional independent validation cohorts, and an in-house cohort. Advanced bioinformatics analyses and 167 machine learning models based on leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) were used to predict HCC prognosis and assess outcomes of immune-targeted therapies. Additionally, key biological processes of the anoikis and ErbB signaling pathways in HCC were further investigated.ResultsThe single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed a strong correlation between upregulated ErbB signaling in high anoikis-expressing tumors and poor clinical outcomes. The development of the Anoikis-ErbB Related Signature (AERS) using the LASSO + RSF model demonstrated robust predictive capabilities, as validated across multiple patient cohorts, and proved effective in predicting responses to immune-targeted therapies. Further investigation highlighted activated NOTCH signaling pathways and decreased macrophage infiltration was associated with resistance to sorafenib and immune checkpoint inhibitors, as evidenced by bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).ConclusionAERS provides a novel tool for clinical prognosis and paves the way for immune-targeted therapeutic approaches, underscoring the potential of integrated molecular profiling in enhancing treatment strategies for HCC.

Published
2024
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28. Immune-targeted therapy with transarterial chemo(embolization) for unresectable HCC: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Huipeng Fang, Qiao Ke, Shiji Wu, Qiang Tu, and Lei Wang

Subjects
transarterial chemo(embolization), unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, targeted agents, immunotherapy, systematic review, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

BackgroundTransarterial chemo(embolization) is preferred for treating unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC); however, because of emerging immune-targeted therapies, its efficacy is at stake. This systematic review pioneers to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of transarterial chemo(embolization) combined with immune-targeted therapy for uHCC patients.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies comparing immune-targeted therapy with or without transarterial chemo(embolization) until 31 May 2024. The complete response (CR) rate, objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR) were considered to be the primary outcomes calculated for the clinical outcomes of transarterial chemo(embolization) combined with immune-targeted therapy, along with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The incidence of treatment-related severe adverse events was set as the major measure for the safety outcome.ResultsSixteen studies, encompassing 1,789 patients receiving transarterial chemo(embolization) plus immune-targeted therapy and 1,215 patients receiving immune-targeted therapy alone, were considered eligible. The combination of transarterial chemo(embolization) and immune-targeted therapy demonstrated enhanced outcomes in CR (OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.35–3.31), ORR (OR = 2.78, 95% CI = 2.15–3.61), DCR (OR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.72–3.52), PFS (HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.50–0.70), and OS (HR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.44–0.59), albeit accompanied by a surge in ALT (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.28–3.68) and AST (OR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.42–3.65). The advantages of additional transarterial chemo(embolization) to immune-targeted therapy were also verified in subgroups of first-line treatment, intervention techniques, with or without extrahepatic metastasis, Child–Pugh grade A or B, and with or without tumor thrombus.ConclusionThe combination of transarterial chemo(embolization) and immune-targeted therapy seems to bolster local control and long-term efficacy in uHCC, albeit at the expense of hepatic complications.Systematic review registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier 474669.

Published
2024
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29. Characterization of the key aroma compounds in a novel Qingke baijiu of Tibet by GC-MS, GC×GC-MS and GC-O-MS

Author

Yahui Zhao, Pengfei Liao, Lu Chen, Yuhong Zhang, Xuliang Wang, Qiao Kang, Xi Chen, Yue Sun, Yulong Jin, Jiajun Yu, Hehe Li, Ning Zhang, Baoguo Sun, and Jinyuan Sun

Subjects
Qingke baijiu, Light-aroma baijiu, Aroma active compounds, Quantitative analysis, GC-O, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract

As a local specialty of Tibet, Qingke baijiu (QB) is made from highland barley, and is referred to as the manufacturing process of light-aroma baijiu. Using highland barley in the Qu-making and the high-temperature stacking process of sauce-aroma baijiu results in a novel Qingke baijiu (NQB). This study analyzed two kinds of NQBs by GC-MS, GC×GC-MS, and GC-O-MS, and compared them with QB, light-aroma, strong-aroma, and sauce-aroma baijiu. A total of 346 volatile compounds and 60 aroma-active compounds were detected in NQB. There were 14 compounds with FD≥27 and OAVs ≥1. Although NQB and QB shared 39 volatile compounds, NQB has more than three times the overall concentration of volatile compounds than QB. In contrast to QB, NQB exhibited a richer flavor profile and a more intense fruity, floral, and acidic aroma. Meanwhile, the distilled grains and sorghum aroma were comparatively diminished.

Published
2024
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34. Anatomic versus non-anatomic resection for early-stage intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a propensity score matching and stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis

Author

Qiao Ke, Lei Wang, Ziguo Lin, Hongzhi Liu, Jianying Lou, Shuguo Zheng, Xinyu Bi, Jianming Wang, Wei Guo, Fuyu Li, Jian Wang, Yamin Zheng, Jingdong Li, Shi Cheng, Weiping Zhou, Jingfeng Liu, and Yongyi Zeng

Subjects
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, Anatomic resection, Overall survival, Disease-free survival, Propensity score matching, Inverse probability of treatment weighting, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background Radical resection is still the most cost-effectiveness curative strategy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), but it remains controversial on the survival benefit of anatomic resection (AR). In this study, we sought to compare the oncologic outcomes between AR versus non-AR (NAR) as the primary treatment for early-stage ICC patients. Methods Data of ICC patients who underwent hepatectomy and staged at AJCC I were retrospectively collected from 12 hepatobiliary centers in China between Dec 2012 and Dec 2015. Propensity score matching (PSM) and stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis were performed to minimize the effect of potential confounders, and the perioperative and long-term outcomes between AR and NAR groups were compared. Results Two hundred seventy-eight ICC patients staged at AJCC I were eligible for this study, including 126 patients receiving AR and 152 patients receiving NAR. Compared to the NAR group, the AR group experienced more intraoperative blood loss before and after PSM or stabilized IPTW (all P > 0.05); AR group also experienced more intraoperative transfusion after stabilized IPTW (P > 0.05). In terms of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), no significant differences were observed between the two groups before and after PSM or stabilized IPTW (all P > 0.05). Multivariable Cox regression analyses found that AR was not an independent prognostic factor for either DFS or OS (all P > 0.05). Further analysis also showed that the survival benefit of AR was not found in any subgroup stratified by Child–Pugh grade (A or B), cirrhosis (presence or absence), tumor diameter (≤ 5 cm or > 5 cm) and pathological type (mass-forming or non-mass-forming) with all P > 0.05. Conclusion Surgical approach does not influence the prognosis of patients with stage I primary ICC, and NAR might be acceptable and oncological safety.

Published
2023
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35. Arctic Oceanic Carbon Cycle: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms, Regulations, and Models

Author

Xudong Ye, Baiyu Zhang, Justin Dawson, Christabel D. Amon, Chisom Ezechukwu, Ezinne Igwegbe, Qiao Kang, Xing Song, and Bing Chen

Subjects
oceanic carbon cycle, arctic ocean, mechanism, regulation, modelling, Hydraulic engineering, TC1-978, Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes, TD201-500
Abstract

Understanding the oceanic carbon cycle, particularly in the Arctic regions, is crucial for addressing climate change. However, significant research gaps persist, especially regarding climate effects on the oceanic carbon cycle in these regions. This review systematically explores Arctic-related research, focusing on mechanisms, regulatory frameworks, and modelling approaches in the oceanic carbon cycle, carbon sink, climate change impact, and maritime shipping. The findings highlight the Arctic’s limited observer presence and high operational costs, hindering the data availability and studies on carbon-cycle changes. This underscores the need to integrate real-time Arctic Ocean monitoring data. Carbon sink research urgently requires direct methods to measure anthropogenic carbon uptake and address uncertainties in air–ocean carbon fluxes due to sea ice melting. Unlike terrestrial carbon cycling research, carbon-cycle studies in the oceans, which are essential for absorbing anthropogenic emissions, receive insufficient attention, especially in the Arctic regions. Numerous policies often fall short in achieving effective mitigation, frequently depending on voluntary or market-based approaches. Analyzing carbon-cycle and sink models has uncovered limitations, primarily due to their global perspective, hampering in-depth assessments of climate change effects on the Arctic regions. To pave the way for future research, enhancing Arctic Ocean climate data availability is recommended, as well as fostering international cooperation in carbon-cycle research, enforcing carbon policies, and improving regional modelling in the Arctic Ocean.

Published
2024
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36. Clinical guidelines on perioperative management strategies for enhanced recovery after lung surgery

Author

Gao, S., Barello, Serena, Chen, L., Chen, C., Che, G., Cai, K., Crisci, R., D'Andrilli, A., Droghetti, A., Fu, X., Ferrari, P. A., Fernando, H. C., Ge, D., Graffigna, Guendalina, Huang, Y., Hu, J., Jiao, W., Jiang, G., Li, X., Li, H., Li, S., Liu, L., Ma, H., Ma, D., Martinez, G., Maurizi, G., Phan, K., Qiao, K., Refai, M., Rendina, E. A., Shao, G., Shen, J., Tian, H., Voltolini, L., Vannucci, J., Vanni, C., Wu, Q., Xu, S., Yu, F., Zhao, S., Zhang, P., Zhang, L., Zhi, X., Zhu, C., Ng, C., Sihoe, A. D. L., Ho, A. M. H., Barello S. (ORCID:0000-0002-8514-2563), Graffigna G. (ORCID:0000-0003-4378-7467), Gao, S., Barello, Serena, Chen, L., Chen, C., Che, G., Cai, K., Crisci, R., D'Andrilli, A., Droghetti, A., Fu, X., Ferrari, P. A., Fernando, H. C., Ge, D., Graffigna, Guendalina, Huang, Y., Hu, J., Jiao, W., Jiang, G., Li, X., Li, H., Li, S., Liu, L., Ma, H., Ma, D., Martinez, G., Maurizi, G., Phan, K., Qiao, K., Refai, M., Rendina, E. A., Shao, G., Shen, J., Tian, H., Voltolini, L., Vannucci, J., Vanni, C., Wu, Q., Xu, S., Yu, F., Zhao, S., Zhang, P., Zhang, L., Zhi, X., Zhu, C., Ng, C., Sihoe, A. D. L., Ho, A. M. H., Barello S. (ORCID:0000-0002-8514-2563), and Graffigna G. (ORCID:0000-0003-4378-7467)

Abstract

not available

Published
2019

37. Interventional embolisation for patients with cirrhosis and recurrent or persistent hepatic encephalopathy related to spontaneous portosystemic shunts: protocol for a prospective, non-randomised controlled study

Author

Ling Li, Jian He, Ting Lin, Xinhui Huang, Qiao Ke, Xiaojuan Lei, Xiadi Weng, and Wu-Hua Guo

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Introduction The presence of spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSS) has been identified to be associated with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in patients with cirrhosis. Nevertheless, the role of interventional embolisation in managing such patients remains poorly defined. Consequently, this prospective controlled study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of interventional embolisation as a therapeutic approach for patients with cirrhosis and recurrent or persistent HE related to SPSS.Methods and analysis Cirrhotic patients diagnosed with recurrent or persistent HE associated with SPSS will be recruited for this study, and assigned to either the interventional embolisation group or the standard medical treatment group. The efficacy endpoints encompass the evaluation of postoperative alleviation of HE symptoms and the incidence of overt HE recurrence during the follow-up period, as well as the duration and frequency of hospitalisations for HE, alterations in liver function and volume, and overall survival. The safety endpoints encompass both immediate and long-term postoperative complications.Ethics and dissemination This study will be conducted in strict adherence to the principles of good clinical practice and the guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for the trial has been obtained from the Ethics Committee of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University (2023_013_02). Written informed consent will be obtained from all the participants by the treating physician for each patient prior to their enrolment. The documented informed consent forms will be retained as part of the clinical trial records for future reference. The study findings will be disseminated through publication in peer-reviewed journals and will be presented at international conferences.Trial registration number ChiCTR2300072189.

Published
2024
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38. Herbal formulas for detoxification and dredging collaterals in treating carotid atherosclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Leyi Zhang, Xing Huang, Yonghong Gao, Xiangyu Li, Qiao Kong, Ying Chen, Jingling Chang, Genming Zhang, and Yan Ma

Subjects
carotid atherosclerosis, herbal formulas, detoxification and dredging collaterals, systematic review, meta-analysis, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Chinese medicine detoxification and dredging collaterals in treating carotid atherosclerosis (CAS).Methods: A systematic and comprehensive search of nine relevant domestic and international databases were conducted from their inception until June 2022. The methodological quality of the included trials was evaluated, and the efficacy and safety were comprehensively analyzed. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria to the randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the research quality evaluation and data extraction were conducted, followed by a meta-analysis of the selected articles. The Cochrane’s Bias risk assessment was utilized to evaluate the quality of the evidence.Results: Of the 2,660 studies initially retrieved, 14 studies were included, involving a total of 1,518 patients. The results of the meta-analysis indicated that the clinical efficacy of the Detoxification and Collateral Dredging method in the treatment of CAS was superior to that of western medicine treatment alone, and the difference was statistically significant [RR = 1.23, 95% CI (1.13, 1.34)] Furthermore, carotid intima-media thickness [Mean Difference (MD) = −0.10, 95% CI (−0.13, −0.08)] and Crouse plaque score [MD = −0.54, 95% CI (−0.75, −0.32)] were significantly lower in the Detoxification and Collateral Dredging group compared to the pure western medicine treatment group. The difference was statistically significant. In addition, serum total cholesterol [MD = −0.70, 95% CI (−0.85, −0.55)] and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [MD = −0.70, 95% CI (−0.85, −0.55)] were lower in the Detoxification and Collateral Dredging group than in the Western medicine group, with all differences being statistically significant. Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was higher in the Detoxification and Collateral Dredging group compared to the pure western medicine group, and the difference was statistically significant [MD = 0.17, 95% CI (0.11, 0.23)].Conclusion: The use of Chinese medicine Detoxification and Collateral Dredging approach in the treatment of CAS may offer benefits in improving carotid atherosclerotic plaque and reducing blood lipid levels, with a safety profile superior to that of western medicine treatment alone.

Published
2023
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40. The outcomes of endoscopic orbital decompression combined with fat decompression for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy

Author

Yunyan Ye, Feng Hu, Yuanfei Ji, Ruijun Wang, Kexuan Zhu, and Qiao Kong

Subjects
Graves, Exophthalmos, Elevated IOP, Decompression, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Abstract Purpose To present the clinical features of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) with different CT types, and to report the outcomes of endoscopic orbital decompression combined with fat decompression (EOD-FD). Patients and methods Thirty-four patients with TAO who underwent EOD-FD between December 2020 and March 2022 in the Ophthalmology Department of Li Huili Hospital Affiliated with Ningbo University, were included in this retrospective interventional case series. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the results of computerized tomography (CT) scans: muscle expansion type and fat hyperplasia type. Results Thirty-four TAO patients (55 eyes) were included in this study, and the mean age was 38.62 years (range 22–60 years). The average eye protrusion (EP) reduced from preoperative 23.20 mm to postoperative 19.66 mm (p

Published
2023
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41. Wine, beer and Chinese Baijiu in relation to cardiovascular health: the impact of moderate drinking

Author

Qiao Kang, Jinyuan Sun, Bowen Wang, and Baoguo Sun

Subjects
Alcohol, Cardiovascular disease, Distilled spirits, Wine, Beer, Chines Baijiu, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract

Excessive alcohol consumption (≥15 drinks per week) causes chronic diseases and multiple other health conditions. Nevertheless, alcohol beverages have been used as a vital medicine ingredient in various cultures since ancient times. A wealth of epidemiological and experimental research has shown that light-moderate alcohol consumption, regardless of beverage type, is associated with reducing cardiovascular incidence and mortality rate. Due to the disparities in raw materials, fermentation techniques, production environment, etc., alcoholic beverages tend to possess different non-ethanol component profiles, thus resulting in varying degrees of health effects. Furthermore, bioactive compounds in alcohol are continuously discovered as well as the mechanisms underlying their cardioprotective contributions at a molecular level. This article elucidates the epidemiology of moderate alcohol consumption and various cardiovascular conditions, along with the limitations and controversies of current studies. In addition, protective effects and putative mechanisms of both ethanol and non-ethanol components of wine, beer, and Chinese Baijiu, the three most representative alcoholic beverages worldwide, are to be evaluated within the context of a rational drinking pattern.

Published
2023
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42. NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING AND EXPERIMENTAL MYOLOGY

Author

Luo, S., primary, Xue, M., additional, Sun, J., additional, Qiao, K., additional, Song, J., additional, Cai, s., additional, Zhu, W., additional, Zhou, L., additional, Xi, J., additional, Lu, J., additional, Ni, X., additional, Dou, T., additional, and Zhao, C., additional

Published
2018
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48. GA-BHTR: an improved genetic algorithm for partner selection in virtual manufacturing.

Author

Tao, F., Qiao, K., Zhang, L., Li, Z., and Nee, A.Y.C.

Subjects
ELECTRICAL engineering, BUSINESS partnerships, COMMUNICATION & technology, ALGORITHM research, MANUFACTURING industries, MATHEMATICAL optimization
Abstract

An evolutionary genetic algorithm maintained using the binary heap and transitive reduction (GA-BHTR) method for addressing the partner selection problem (PSP) in a virtual enterprise is proposed. In order to reduce the time complexity of PSP, an algorithm for simplifying the directed acyclic graph that represents the precedence relationship among the subprojects in PSP is first designed. Different from the traditional regular GA, in order to avoid solutions from converging to a constant value early during evolution, multiple communities are used instead of a single community in GA-BHTR. The method and algorithms to distribute the individuals to the multiple communities while maximising the differences among the different communities are proposed. The concept of the catastrophe is introduced in the proposed GA-BHTR in order to avoid the solutions from converging to a local best solution too early after several generations of evolution. In order to maintain the capacity of the community (i.e. the number of individuals existing in a community) at a constant value while enhancing the diversity of the proposed GA-BHTR, an algorithm using the binary heap to maintain the data is designed. Simulation and experiments are conducted to test the effectiveness and performance of the proposed GA-BHTR for addressing PSP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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49. Directed Network Comparison Using Motifs

Author

Chenwei Xie, Qiao Ke, Haoyu Chen, Chuang Liu, and Xiu-Xiu Zhan

Subjects
network comparison, motifs, Jensen–Shannon divergence, directed networks, Science, Astrophysics, QB460-466, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Analyzing and characterizing the differences between networks is a fundamental and challenging problem in network science. Most previous network comparison methods that rely on topological properties have been restricted to measuring differences between two undirected networks. However, many networks, such as biological networks, social networks, and transportation networks, exhibit inherent directionality and higher-order attributes that should not be ignored when comparing networks. Therefore, we propose a motif-based directed network comparison method that captures local, global, and higher-order differences between two directed networks. Specifically, we first construct a motif distribution vector for each node, which captures the information of a node’s involvement in different directed motifs. Then, the dissimilarity between two directed networks is defined on the basis of a matrix, which is composed of the motif distribution vector of every node and the Jensen–Shannon divergence. The performance of our method is evaluated via the comparison of six real directed networks with their null models, as well as their perturbed networks based on edge perturbation. Our method is superior to the state-of-the-art baselines and is robust with different parameter settings.

Published
2024
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50. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolates from HIV-infected patients in Guangxi, China

Author

Qiao K, Qian Gao, Lan L, Rushu Lan, Liu F, Ou J, and Chongguang Yang

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, China, Tuberculosis, Adolescent, Genotype, Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous, HIV Infections, Drug resistance, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Young Adult, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Cause of death, Aged, 80 and over, biology, Transmission (medicine), business.industry, virus diseases, Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, bacterial infections and mycoses, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Variable number tandem repeat, Infectious Diseases, Tandem Repeat Sequences, Female, business
Abstract

Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected persons. The prevalence of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in HIV-infected patients in China is unknown. Objective To estimate the prevalence of M. tuberculosis and NTM in HIV-infected patients in Guangxi Province, determine their drug resistance profiles, and evaluate the genotype patterns of M. tuberculosis strains. Design Samples were collected from two HIV designated hospitals in Guangxi Province between 2005 and 2008. HIV-infected patients who were culture-positive for mycobacteria were included. Drug susceptibility testing was performed for mycobacterial isolates. NTM species was identified by sequencing, and M. tuberculosis isolates were genotyped using the variable number of tandem repeats method. Results M. tuberculosis and NTM were identified in respectively 117 (53%) and 102 (47%) HIV-infected patients. Drug resistance was found in 27% and multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) in 11% of the patients with TB. Previous treatment for TB was significantly associated with MDR-TB. Twenty (17%) TB patients belonged to eight VNTR-defined clusters. Conclusion The high frequency of NTM among HIV-infected patients raises concerns about accurate species identification before the determination of appropriate treatment. The potential for TB transmission exists among HIV-infected patients. Intensified screening and effective treatment of TB-HIV co-infected patients is urgently needed.

Published
2011

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