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Leakage often occurs in the tube bundle of the overhead air cooler of the single-tower low-pressure stripper for sour water. The main media in the tube bundle of air cooler are H2O, NH3, H2S, NH4HS, etc. By analyzing the tube wall temperature, liquid phase H2S concentration, liquid phase NH3 concentration, gas phase H2S partial pressure, gas phase NH3 partial pressure and flow state of gas and liquid in tube bundle, it is concluded that the main cause of corrosion is chemical corrosion of high concentration NH4HS or erosion corrosion of NH4HS crystal solids. The following measures can reduce the corrosion rate of air cooler tube bundle: increase water injection to dilute local high concentration NH4HS; upgrade material to titanium, Hastelloy C276 or Incoloy 800 to improve corrosion resistance; reduce the finned ratio of the tube bundle, partial reflux of air, and add the heating coils at the bottom of air cooler to increase the temperature of the tube wall; increase the frequency conversion and louvers of fan, set 10 mm/m gradient of tube bundle to prevent bias flow; control gas speed of the feedstock, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nandina domestica: Thunb. is a traditional Chinese herbal drug that has long been used in China and Japan for the treatment of colds, fevers, asthma, chronic bronchitis, conjunctivitis, whooping cough, pharyngeal tumors, etc. Published data have reported at least 366 constituents from N. domestica , including alkaloids, flavonoids, lignans, terpenoids, phenolic acids and their derivatives, fatty acids, and others. Of these, the isoquinoline alkaloids are considered characteristic markers for N. domestica . These alkaloids also showed the most promising bioactivities. The crude extracts or semi-purified constituents of N. domestica exhibit a variety of activities, including antitumor, dermatological, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and detoxification activities, as well as effects on respiratory system, etc. The fruit is considered poisonous when eaten raw, with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain as side effects after ingestion. Most traditional uses are supported by biological activities demonstrated in modern experimental studies, suggesting a potential medicinal value of N. domestica . However, more information is needed on its mechanisms of activity, pharmacokinetic profile of the constituents, and its safety and efficacy profile in humans., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Qian and Li.)

Gamma-synuclein (SNCG), also referred as breast cancer-specific gene 1, is the third member of a neuronal protein family synuclein. SNCG is highly expressed in human-infiltrating breast carcinomas but not expressed in normal or benign breast tissues. To evaluate the clinical relevance of SNCG expression in breast cancer progression and its correlation with clinical parameters, we analyzed SNCG expression in 79 clinical breast specimens from primary breast cancer, hyperplasia, and fibroadenoma patients by reverse transcription-PCR. The status of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and C-erBb2 was also analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Overall SNCG mRNA expression was detectable in 38.8% of breast cancers. However, 79% of stage III/IV breast cancers were positive for SNCG expression, whereas only 15% of stage I/II breast cancers were positive for SNCG expression. In contrast, the expression of SNCG was undetectable in all benign breast lesions. The expression of SNCG was strongly correlated to the stage of breast cancer (P=0.000). This study suggests that the expression of SNCG is stage specific for breast cancer. SNCG is expected to be a useful marker for breast cancer progression and a potential target for breast cancer treatment.