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Abstract: A protein‐sized (ca. 4.2×4.2×3.6 nm3) non‐biologically derived molecule {Nb288O768(OH)48(CO3)12} (Nb288) containing up to 288 niobium atoms has been obtained, which is by far the largest and the highest nuclearity polyoxoniobate (PONb). Particularly, in terms of metal nuclearity number, Nb288 is the second largest cluster so far reported in classic polyoxometalate chemistry (V, Mo, W, Nb, and Ta). Nb288 can be described as a giant windmill‐like cluster aggregate of six nanoscale high‐nuclearity PONb units {Nb47O128(OH)6(CO3)2} (Nb47) joined together by six additional Nb ions. Interestingly, the 47‐nuclearity Nb47 units generated in situ can be isolated and bridged by copper complexes to form an inorganic–organic hybrid three‐dimensional PONb framework, which exhibits effective catalytic activity for hydrolyzing nerve agent simulant of dimethyl methylphosphonate. The unique Nb47 cluster also provides a new type of topology to very limited family of Nb‐O clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series containing the highest nuclearity polyoxoniobate (PONb) nanoclusters, ranging from dimers to tetramers, has been obtained. They include one 114-nuclear {Li8⊂Nb114O316}, one 81-nuclear {Li3K⊂Nb81O225}, and one 52-nuclear {H4Nb52O150}. The Nb nuclearity of these PONbs is remarkably larger than those of all known high-nuclearity PONbs (≤32). Furthermore, the introduction of 3d Cu2+ ions can lead to the generation of extended inorganic-organic hybrid frameworks built from novel, high-nuclearity, nanoscale heterometallic PONb building blocks {H3Cu3Nb78O222} or {H3Cu4(en)Nb78O222}. These building blocks also contain the largest number of Nb centers of any heterometallic PONbs reported to date. The synthesis of new-type PONbs has long been a challenging subject in PONb chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series containing the highest nuclearity polyoxoniobate (PONb) nanoclusters, ranging from dimers to tetramers, has been obtained. They include one 114-nuclear {Li8⊂Nb114O316}, one 81-nuclear {Li3K⊂Nb81O225}, and one 52-nuclear {H4Nb52O150}. The Nb nuclearity of these PONbs is remarkably larger than those of all known high-nuclearity PONbs (≤32). Furthermore, the introduction of 3d Cu2+ ions can lead to the generation of extended inorganic-organic hybrid frameworks built from novel, high-nuclearity, nanoscale heterometallic PONb building blocks {H3Cu3Nb78O222} or {H3Cu4(en)Nb78O222}. These building blocks also contain the largest number of Nb centers of any heterometallic PONbs reported to date. The synthesis of new-type PONbs has long been a challenging subject in PONb chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over recent years, the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei higher education has entered an actively promoting rationally deepening period by the Government. As a tool or strategy to be triggered, it has gradually obtained the basis for legitimate status. However, for the function and orientation, the geographical scope and the administrative wall, there still lacks a scientific and reasonable distribution owing to quality variation and overall level. Our research suggests that this integration progress (1) should observe the systematicity and scientificality of the relevant policies and mechanisms in terms of governmental promotion and scientific organization: (2) push forward substantial sharing and effective uses of high quality education resources in terms of cross-regional configurations; and (3) strengthen the overall reform and systematic promotion of the integrity course modality, credit structure and other related matters by reconstructing essential higher education elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series containing the highest nuclearity polyoxoniobate (PONb) nanoclusters, ranging from dimers to tetramers, has been obtained. They include one 114-nuclear {Li8⊂Nb114O316}, one 81-nuclear {Li3K⊂Nb81O225}, and one 52-nuclear {H4Nb52O150}. The Nb nuclearity of these PONbs is remarkably larger than those of all known high-nuclearity PONbs (≤32). Furthermore, the introduction of 3d Cu2+ ions can lead to the generation of extended inorganic-organic hybrid frameworks built from novel, high-nuclearity, nanoscale heterometallic PONb building blocks {H3Cu3Nb78O222} or {H3Cu4(en)Nb78O222}. These building blocks also contain the largest number of Nb centers of any heterometallic PONbs reported to date. The synthesis of new-type PONbs has long been a challenging subject in PONb chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series containing the highest nuclearity polyoxoniobate (PONb) nanoclusters, ranging from dimers to tetramers, has been obtained. They include one 114-nuclear {Li8⊂Nb114O316}, one 81-nuclear {Li3K⊂Nb81O225}, and one 52-nuclear {H4Nb52O150}. The Nb nuclearity of these PONbs is remarkably larger than those of all known high-nuclearity PONbs (≤32). Furthermore, the introduction of 3d Cu2+ ions can lead to the generation of extended inorganic-organic hybrid frameworks built from novel, high-nuclearity, nanoscale heterometallic PONb building blocks {H3Cu3Nb78O222} or {H3Cu4(en)Nb78O222}. These building blocks also contain the largest number of Nb centers of any heterometallic PONbs reported to date. The synthesis of new-type PONbs has long been a challenging subject in PONb chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the collected urban motor vehicle activity ownership and traffic flow of highways, combined with the mileage and source profiles of VOCs, using the emission factor method, we established high-resolution emission inventories from 2016 to 2019 for urban and 2016-based highway motor vehicles, respectively, in Henan Province, China. The results showed that gasoline vehicles, particularly minibuses and ordinary motorcycles, were the main contributors of CO, VOCs, and NH 3 , whereas heavy-duty and light-duty diesel trucks emitted SO 2 , NO x , and PM. Vehicles with China 1, China 3, and China 4 emission standards contributed significantly to pollutant emissions in the fleet. The temporal variation in traffic flow was consistent with the changes in freight and passenger traffic, with higher coefficients of variation for highways from August to October and the lowest in November. The weekly and daily changes in urban trunk roads showed distinct weekend effects and clear double-peak features, respectively. High-value emission areas were concentrated in urban centers with dense transport networks and high traffic volumes and on roads radiating outward from urban areas. The Lianhuo Expressway and the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macau Expressway were high-emission roads. Light-duty gasoline vehicles made the largest contribution to the ozone formation potential (OFP) of VOCs from motor vehicles. Five species, such as ethylene and propylene, contributed significantly to VOC emissions and OFP. The average annual growth rate of vehicle ownership from 2016 to 2019 was 5.7%. Compared with 2016, VOC emissions increased by 2.8% in 2019, whereas emissions of other pollutants showed decreasing trends of different degrees, with decreases of 76.3%, 51.7%, 50.3%, 43.1%, 16.7%, and 5.9% for SO 2 , PM 2.5 , PM 10 , NH 3 , CO, and NO x , respectively. The emission reduction percentage of each pollutant in 2019 under the control policies relative to the baseline scenario ranged from 15.6% to 82.4%.

Objective: To study the changes in metabolic markers and clinical outcome after treatment with different drug regimens in children with bipolar affective disorder., Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 220 children with bipolar affective disorder who attended the hospital from January 2017 to January 2020. According to the treatment method, 112 children treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs alone were enrolled as the control group, and 108 children treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs combined with mood stabilizer were enrolled as the study group. The two groups were compared in terms of baseline data, changes in related metabolic markers[fasting insulin (FIN), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)] after treatment, incidence rate of metabolic syndrome, and clinical outcome., Results: There were no significant differences in the baseline data including age, sex, and course of disease between the two groups ( P > 0.05). The study group had a significantly higher overall response than the control group (92.6% vs 82.1%, P < 0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in the levels of FIN and HbAlc between the two groups ( P > 0.05). After treatment, the control group had a significant increase in the level of FIN and a significantly higher level of FIN than the study group ( P < 0.05). The study group showed no significant change in the level of FIN after treatment ( P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of HbAlc between the two groups before and after treatment ( P > 0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in the levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C between the two groups ( P > 0.05), and after treatment, the control group had significant increases in TC and TG and significantly higher levels of TC and TG than the study group ( P < 0.05). The study group showed no significant changes in TC and TG after treatment ( P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the levels of HDL-C and LDL-C between the two groups before and after treatment ( P > 0.05). The study group had a significantly lower incidence rate of metabolic syndrome than the control group (2.8% vs 9.8%, P < 0.05)., Conclusions: Atypical antipsychotic drugs combined with mood stabilizer in the treatment of bipolar disorder in children have little effect on the level of metabolic markers, and the curative effect is significant.

The spatio-temporal characteristics of ozone (O 3 ) pollution in the Henan Province in 2017 and its relationship with particulate matter, precursors, and meteorological factors were studied using the data obtained from the air quality monitoring station and national baseline ground climate station. Results showed that the annual mean O 3 concentration of a maximum daily 8-h average (MDA8) was 108 μg·m -3 in the Henan Province with the trend of summer > spring > autumn > winter. Different levels of O 3 were observed in various cities. The number of days exceeding the standard was up to 88 days in Anyang, while the lowest was found in Xinyang with 17 days. The most severe of O 3 pollution occurred during late spring and early summer. During this period, the average monthly concentration of O 3 MDA8 was above 140 μg·m -3 , and peaked in June. The qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that the monthly average concentration of O 3 MDA8 was negatively correlated with particulate matter, and the O 3 hourly concentration was also negatively correlated with CO and NO 2 . The O 3 MDA8 concentration and meteorological factors (sunshine duration, temperature, rainfall, visibility, humidity, and wind speed) had different correlations during different seasons and various cities.

This study uses the national ambient air quality station data of Anyang City from 2014 to 2017 to analyze the characteristics and variation rules of ozone (O 3 ) in different functional zones (urban, suburban, and industrial), and also studies meteorological influencing factors and potential source distributions of O 3 pollution. The results showed that the O 3 concentration in Anyang increased significantly between 2014 and 2017, whereby pollution started to advance from 2015 and the earliest occurrence of an O 3 pollution episode was in April 2017. The 90 th percentile and average concentrations of O 3 in the industrial zone increased at faster rates (average annual growth of 16.0 μg·m -3 and 13.0 μg·m -3 , respectively) than of those in the urban and suburban zones. The O 3 concentrations at the suburban site showed the fastest increase of all zones at the 5 th percentile (average annual growth of 13.2 μg·m -3 ). The monthly variation in O 3 concentrations in Anyang showed an "M" pattern that varied spatially depending on the zone. Temperature played a leading role in O 3 concentrations; air temperatures >23℃, relative humidity <58%, and a wind speed of 5 m·s -1 in a south-southwesterly direction were closely related to the occurrence of high O 3 concentrations. Potential sources of O 3 in different seasons were significantly different, and mainly distributed in southern Hebei, northern Hubei, and northern Shenyang in summer. The first heavy O 3 pollution day in the studied period was in May 2017, at which time the highest O 3 concentration was found in the industrial zone (up to 405 μg·m -3 ). This heavy O 3 pollution episode was related to the continuous high temperature that was caused by the transfer of a dry, hot air mass in western China.

A series containing the highest nuclearity polyoxoniobate (PONb) nanoclusters, ranging from dimers to tetramers, has been obtained. They include one 114-nuclear {Li 8 ⊂Nb 114 O 316 }, one 81-nuclear {Li 3 K⊂Nb 81 O 225 }, and one 52-nuclear {H 4 Nb 52 O 150 }. The Nb nuclearity of these PONbs is remarkably larger than those of all known high-nuclearity PONbs (≤32). Furthermore, the introduction of 3d Cu 2+ ions can lead to the generation of extended inorganic-organic hybrid frameworks built from novel, high-nuclearity, nanoscale heterometallic PONb building blocks {H 3 Cu 3 Nb 78 O 222 } or {H 3 Cu 4 (en)Nb 78 O 222 }. These building blocks also contain the largest number of Nb centers of any heterometallic PONbs reported to date. The synthesis of new-type PONbs has long been a challenging subject in PONb chemistry., (© 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)

Pollution levels of perfluorochemicals in eggs purchased from the markets in Beijing had been investigated. The egg samples of chicken and duck were collected from the 59 stalls of 14 main eggs wholesale markets in Beijing, respectively. Systematic analyses were made for seventeen kinds of perfluorochemicals (11 perfluorinated carboxylates (PFCAs), 3 perfluorinated sulfonates (PFSAs), perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA), 2-perfluorooctylethanoic acid (FOEA) and 2H-perfluoro-2-decenoic acid (FOUEA) by a high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The results showed that there was a certain perfluorochemical contamination in all egg samples. Nine kinds of perfluorochemicals were detected in chicken eggs, perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) and perfluorooctanoate acid (PFOA) are dominant, and their average concentrations were 0.105, 0.073 and 0.069 ng x g(-1), respectively. Ten kinds of perfluorochemicals were detected in the duck eggs, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and PFOA are dominant, and their average concentrations were 0.378 and 0.296 ng x g(-1), respectively. Perfluoropentanoic acid ( PFPeA), perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTA), perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) and 2-perfluorooctylethanoic acid (FOEA) were not detected in all samples. The total concentration of PFCs in the duck eggs was 3.4 times of that in the chicken eggs. A strong positive correlation (r = 0.954) was not only observed between of PFNA and PFHpA in chicken eggs, but also found between perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) in duck eggs (r = 0.915). The results of health-based risk assessment showed that there was little immediate risk of exposure to PFOS and PFOA via the consumption of chicken eggs and duck eggs purchased from the markets in Beijing.