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Byline: K. Saeed, Z. Qadir, K. Ashraf and N. Ahmad ABSTRACT A total of 133 (65.51%) faecal samples were found positive for various helminths and most frequently strongyle infections were [...]

This systematic review compared the efficacy and tolerance of oral antipsychotics (APDs) used in the treatment of schizophrenia following the PRISMA-P© statement ( n = 21). The primary outcomes of interest were clinical response measured with symptoms' improvement, tolerance to side effects and discontinuation reasons. There was better individual patients' response to aripiprazole vs. ziprasidone and quetiapine ((CDSS p = 0.04), BPRS p = 0.02, YMRS p = 0.001) and ziprasidone vs. quetiapine (CGI p = 0.02, CDSS p = 0.02). Aripiprazole was more tolerated than risperidone, ziprasidone and quetiapine ( p < 0.05). Quetiapine was more tolerated than aripiprazole, ziprasidone and risperidone ( p < 0.05). Ziprasidone was more tolerated than quetiapine haloperidol and olanzapine ( p < 0.05). Risperidone was more tolerated than olanzapine ( p = 0.03) and haloperidol was more tolerated than olanzapine and quetiapine ( p < 0.05). Olanzapine caused less discontinuation than quetiapine; quetiapine caused less discontinuation than ziprasidone, aripiprazole and haloperidol; ziprasidone caused less discontinuation than quetiapine, aripiprazole and haloperidol; aripiprazole caused less discontinuation than quetiapine, ziprasidone and olanzapine and olanzapine caused less discontinuation than ziprasidone and haloperidol ( p < 0.05). It was concluded that individual patient clinical response, tolerance to side effects and life-threatening side effects remain the most reliable basis for selecting and continuing the use of APD.

The substitution box (S-box) plays a vital role in creating confusion during the encryption process of digital data. The quality of encryption schemes depends upon the S-box. There have been several attempts to enhance the quality of the S-box by using fractal chaotic mechanisms. However, there is still weakness in the robustness against cryptanalysis of fractal-based S-boxes. Due to their chaotic behavior, fractals are frequently employed to achieve randomness by confusion and diffusion process. A complex number-based S-box and a chaotic map diffusion are proposed to achieve high nonlinearity and low correlation. This study proposed a Mandelbrot set S-box construction based on the complex number and Chen chaotic map for resisting cryptanalytic attacks by creating diffusion in our proposed algorithm. The cryptosystem was built on the idea of substitution permutation networks (SPN). The complex nature of the proposed S-box makes it more random than other chaotic maps. The robustness of the proposed system was analyzed by different analysis properties of the S-box, such as nonlinearity, strict avalanche criterion, Bit independent criterion, and differential and linear probability. Moreover, to check the strength of the proposed S-box against differential and brute force attacks, we performed image encryption with the proposed S-box. The security analysis was performed, including statistical attack analysis and NIST analysis. The analysis results show that the proposed system achieves high-security standards than existing schemes., Competing Interests: The authors declare there are no competing interests., (©2022 Aslam et al.)

The emergence of multiple variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) highlights the importance of possible animal-to-human (zoonotic) and human-to-animal (zooanthroponotic) transmission and potential spread within animal species. A range of animal species have been verified for SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility, either in vitro or in vivo. However, the molecular bases of such a broad host spectrum for the SARS-CoV-2 remains elusive. Here, we structurally and genetically analysed the interaction between the spike protein, with a particular focus on receptor binding domains (RBDs), of SARS-CoV-2 and its receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for all conceivably susceptible groups of animals to gauge the structural bases of the SARS-CoV-2 host spectrum. We describe our findings in the context of existing animal infection-based models to provide a foundation on the possible virus persistence in animals and their implications in the future eradication of COVID-19.

Load forecasting plays a crucial role in the world of smart grids. It governs many aspects of the smart grid and smart meter, such as demand response, asset management, investment, and future direction. This paper proposes time-series forecasting for short-term load prediction to unveil the load forecast benefits through different statistical and mathematical models, such as artificial neural networks, auto-regression, and ARIMA. It targets the problem of excessive computational load when dealing with time-series data. It also presents a business case that is used to analyze different clusters to find underlying factors of load consumption and predict the behavior of customers based on different parameters. On evaluating the accuracy of the prediction models, it is observed that ARIMA models with the (P, D, Q) values as (1, 1, 1) were most accurate compared to other values.

As HER2 is a client protein of the molecular chaperone Hsp90, targeting Hsp90 may be beneficial in HER2-positive breast cancer. In this study, the activity of the Hsp90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922 was assessed in HER2 overexpressing breast cancer cell lines, including two cell line models of acquired trastuzumab-resistance. The seven HER2-positive breast cancer cell lines tested showed significant sensitivity to NVP-AUY922 in vitro, with IC 50 values between 6 and 17 nM. Combining NVP-AUY922 with chemotherapy did not improve response. NVP-AUY922 in combination with trastuzumab, significantly enhanced growth inhibition in three of the seven cell lines tested. In conclusion, our data shows that NVP-AUY922 displays potent anti-cancer activity in HER2-positive and trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer cells, and supports further testing of NVP-AUY922 in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer.