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Purpose: Marginal bone resorption (MBR) around dental implants may sometimes be a self-limiting condition due to balancing immunologic reactions against utilized materials rather than a progressive bacterial infection. Contrary to previous assumptions from ligature-induced experimental peri-implantitis studies, a recent 8-week experiment by the present authors showed that marginal ligatures trigger an inflammatory immune response, resulting in bone resorption around implants in the absence of plaque. The present study aimed to investigate whether this inflammatory/immunologic reaction attenuates or progresses toward implant failure after a longer healing time (12 weeks). Materials and Methods: Sterile silk ligatures were placed around the top of titanium (Ti) implants and compressed against the femoral cortical bone plate of six rabbits. A nonligated implant was used as a control. After 12 weeks of submerged healing, ground sections of implants and surrounding tissues were investigated with light microscopy. The marginal soft tissues were also analyzed using selected quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) markers. Results: Histologically, the ligatures were outlined by immune cells, including multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs), with adjacent fibrous encapsulation and resorbed peripheral bone that contrasted from the osseointegrated nonligated control implants. The difference in expression of qPCR markers was not significant, but > two-fold upregulation of markers CDIIb, IL1β, ARG1, NCF1, and CD4 and > twofold downregulation of CD8 indicated a mild, focal inflammatory/immune response against the ligatures compared to controls, with upregulation of M1 and M2 macrophages, neutrophils, and helper T-cells as well as downregulation of killer T cells. Further, the bone formation markers OC and ALPL were > two-fold downregulated (consistent with the lack of osseointegration of the ligatures) compared to control implants. Conclusions: Marginal silk ligatures trigger an inflammatory/immune response and aseptic bone resorption around implants. Compared to the previous 8-week study, the inflammatory reaction against the silk appears to attenuate with time, with only a mild persisting inflammation that may block osseointegration; instead, a fibrous tissue encapsulation-type reaction is maintained. This may explain why traditional ligature experiments have required regular exchange of ligatures for the bone resorption to progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the work, a real-space energy decomposition analysis method, called DM-EDA(RS), is introduced based on our recently developed DM-EDA method [Zhang et al., J. Chem. Phys. 160, 174101 (2024)]. The EDA terms in DM-EDA(RS), including electrostatic, exchange, repulsion, polarization, and correlation, are expressed as the summations of grid-based energy density in real-space. This method is able to interpret intermolecular interactions in a unified qualitative and quantitative way. DM-EDA(RS) results provide not only comprehensive explanations for intermolecular interactions but also insights for sub-region interactions involving different functional groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The expansion of research methods in library and information studies (LIS) has not been followed by an expedited development of rigorous standards for innovative research evaluation. This article focuses on the lack of clear guidance for evaluating hermeneutic phenomenological studies and proposes to address the situation by introducing the 12 principles of evaluation. These principles can help authors implement quality control in the design and writing of hermeneutic phenomenological reports and help peer reviewers, trained in quantitative and mixed methods, evaluate qualitative studies on their own merit, with a set of unique and appropriate criteria, rather than with the standards suited for quantitative inquiry. The 12 principles are advocated as a means of fostering scientific empathy toward phenomenologists and toward the methodology itself. Scientific empathy is positioned as a way of bridging gaps in knowledge and understanding and nurturing a more collaborative spirit that supports the diversity of research methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We numerically investigated the aggregation dynamics and resulting network structures of colloidal gels using the slippery diffusion-limited cluster aggregation (DLCA) model. In this model, bonds are irreversibly formed upon the particle contacts, but the angles among them are not fixed, unlike the conventional DLCA. This allows clusters to be deformed in the process of aggregation. By characterizing the aggregation dynamics and using a reduced network scheme, our simulation revealed two distinct branching structure formation routes depending on the particle volume fraction ϕ. In lower volume fraction systems (ϕ ≤ 8%), the deformations of small-size clusters proceed prior to the percolation. When the Maxwell criterion is satisfied and the clusters become mechanically stable, the formation of the branching structure is nearly completed. After forming the branching structures, they aggregate and form a larger percolating network. Then, the aggregation proceeds through the elongation and straightening of the chain parts of the network. In higher volume fraction systems (ϕ > 8%), on the other hand, the clusters percolate, and a fine and homogeneous branching structure is formed at the early stage of the aggregation. In the aging stage, it collapses into a denser and more heterogeneous structure and becomes more stable. Our quantitative analyses of the branching structure will shed light on a new strategy for describing the network formation and elasticity of colloidal gels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of water electrolysis catalysts that accelerate the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a crucial challenge. Ni-based oxides are promising OER catalysts; however, quantitative studies of Ni-based oxides remain unexplored. In this study, we quantitatively evaluated the OER activity of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 as a thin-film electrode catalyst. The LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 thin film fabricated using a sputtering method exhibited a current density of 6.6 and ∼2.6 mAcm−2 for geometric and estimated areas, respectively, at 1.78 V vs. a reversible hydrogen electrode. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated the presence of Ni3+ in the as-grown and post-OER LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 thin films. These results suggest that Ni3+ plays a key role in the OER of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time series biomechanical data inform our understanding of normal gait mechanics and pathomechanics. This study examines the utility of different quantitative methods to distinguish vertical ground reaction forces (VGRFs) from experimentally distinct gait strategies. The goals of this study are to compare measures of VGRF data—using the shape factor method and a Fourier series-based analysis—to (1) describe how these methods reflect and distinguish gait patterns and (2) determine which Fourier series coefficients discriminate normal walking, with a relatively stiff-legged gait, from compliant walking, using deep knee flexion and limited vertical oscillation. This study includes a reanalysis of previously presented VGRF data. We applied the shape factor method and fit 3- to 8-term Fourier series to zero-padded VGRF data. We compared VGRF renderings using Euclidean L2 distances and correlations stratified by gait strategy. Euclidean L2 distances improved with additional harmonics, with limited improvement after the seventh term. Euclidean L2 distances were greater in shape factor versus Fourier series renderings. In the 8 harmonic model, amplitudes of 9 Fourier coefficients—which contribute to VGRF features including peak and local minimum amplitudes and limb loading rates—were different between normal and compliant walking. The results suggest that Fourier series-based methods distinguish between gait strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Altering baseball pitching mechanics affects both performance and the risk of injury. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships of shoulder external over internal rotation ratio (SEIR) and other shoulder rotational properties during physical exam and biomechanics of pitching for 177 collegiate baseball pitchers. The shoulder range of motion was quantitatively measured using a custom-made wireless device. Pitching motion data were collected at 240 Hz, and a custom program was created to calculate the throwing arm motion and loading during baseball pitching. Linear regression and analysis of variance tests were performed to investigate the relationships between the shoulder physical exam outcomes and throwing arm biomechanics. SEIR had significant correlations with shoulder horizontal adduction angle at foot contact, maximum shoulder external rotation angle, maximum shoulder linear velocity, and elbow angle at ball release. SEIR groups had significant differences in shoulder proximal force, adduction torque, internal rotation torque, and horizontal adduction torque, and in elbow medial force and varus torque. Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit and total rotational motion deficit had no relationships with throwing arm motions or joint loadings. Shoulder health should be monitored to improve understanding of pitching mechanics in collegiate baseball pitchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past 50 years, consumer researchers have presented extensive evidence that consumer preference can be swayed by the decision context, particularly the configuration of the choice set. Importantly, behavioral research on context effects has inspired prominent quantitative research on multialternative decision-making published in leading psychology, management, economics, and general interest journals. While both streams of research seem to agree that context effects are an important research area, there has been relatively limited interaction, communication, and collaboration between the two research camps. In this article, we seek to initiate an active dialogue between the two sides. We begin by providing a critical overview of the two literatures on context effects, discussing both their strengths and weaknesses, as well as disparities and complementarities. Here, we place particular emphasis on deepening consumer researchers' understanding of context effects by drawing on prominent quantitative research published in non-marketing journals over the last decades. Importantly, we provide a roadmap for the future that can inspire further research and potential collaborations between the two camps, overcoming silos in knowledge creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the immediate and delayed effects of kinesiotape (KT) on postural control and patient-reported outcome measures under challenging conditions in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. Methods: Thirty-two anterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed patients for whom 6 months had passed since their operation were randomly assigned to either the KT (n = 16, aged 21.8 [5.5] y) or the placebo KT (n = 16, aged 24.0 [5.1] y) groups. Initially, both groups stood barefoot on a force platform while performing postural tasks in 4 randomized conditions (eyes open, eyes closed, cognitive task, and foam). Before the experiment, patients would bring the 4 conditions, which were written on folded papers, one by one, and in this way, the order of conditions for the examiners was determined. The patients' evaluations were conducted immediately and 48 hours after KT application. Postural control measures, with area and displacement of the center of pressure (CoP) in anterior--posterior and medial--lateral directions, and mean total velocity displacement of CoP (MVELO CoP) served as dependent variables. In addition, the International Knee Documentation Committee score was measured pretreatment and 48 hours posttreatment. Results: Significant group-by-time interactions were observed for displacement of COP in medial--lateral direction (P = .002) and MVELO CoP (P = .034). MVELO CoP significantly decreased (mean difference = 0.60, P = .009) immediately after KT application compared with preapplication measures. In the placebo group, a statistically significant decrease in MVELO CoP (mean difference = 0.869, P = .001) was observed at 48 hours post-KT compared with preapplication values. International Knee Documentation Committee scores significantly improved at 48 hours post-KT application in both groups (P < .05). Conclusions: Though observed at different time points, both KT (immediately after the intervention) and placebo KT (48 h after the intervention) were found to improve postural control measures. It appears that the changes in postural control may be more related to proprioceptive enhancement due to KT rather than the specific KT pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This case series aimed to assess the efficacy of a novel horizontal ridge augmentation modality using histology. Combinations of "sticky bone" and tenting screws without autologous bone were used as augmentative materials. Method and materials: Five individuals presenting healed, atrophic, partially edentulous sites that required horizontal bone augmentation before implant placement were enrolled. Patients underwent the same augmentation type and 5 months of postoperative reentry procedures. The first surgery served as implant site development, whereas the biopsy and corresponding implant placement were performed during reentry. The bone was qualitatively analyzed using histology and histomorphometry and quantitatively evaluated using CBCT. Results: Four individuals healed uneventfully. Early wound dehiscence occurred in one case. Histology showed favorable bone substitute incorporation into the newly formed bone and intimate contact between de novo bone and graft material in most cases. Histomorphometry revealed an average of 48 ± 28% newly formed bone, 19 ± 13% graft material, and 33 ± 26% soft tissue components. The CBCTbased mean alveolar ridge horizontal increase was 3.9 ± 0.6 mm at 5 months postoperatively. Conclusions: The described augmentation method appears suitable for implant site development resulting in favorable bone quality according to histology. However, clinicians must accommodate 1 to 2 mm of resorption in augmentative material width at the buccal aspect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The formation of biomolecular condensates in vivo is increasingly recognized to underlie a multitude of crucial cellular functions. Furthermore, the evolution of highly dynamic protein condensates into progressively less reversible assemblies is thought to be involved in a variety of disorders, from cancer over neurodegeneration to rare genetic disorders. There is an increasing need for efficient experimental methods to characterize the thermodynamics of condensate formation and that can be used in screening campaigns to identify and rationally design condensate modifying compounds. Theoretical advances in the field are also identifying the key parameters that need to be measured in order to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the underlying interactions and driving forces. Here, we review recent progress in the development of efficient and quantitative experimental methods to study the driving forces behind and the temporal evolution of biomolecular condensates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the potential of the Gamified Metaverse as a platform for promoting library services. The study compares the effectiveness of a traditional library program with a Metaverse- based library program in terms of knowledge acquisition and library anxiety. The research also examines students' perceptions of implementing gamification within the context of the Gamified Metaverse platform. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, including pre- and post-test analysis, statistical analysis, and qualitative data collection. The results indicate that both the traditional and Metaverse-based library programs effectively increased the participants' knowledge, with no significant difference between the two approaches. However, the Metaverse-based program was found to be less effective in facilitating interaction with librarians and reducing library anxiety. Additionally, students expressed positive perceptions of implementing gamification in the Gamified Metaverse platform, finding it engaging and motivating. These findings contribute to the understanding of the effect of the Metaverse as a tool for promoting library services and enhancing knowledge acquisition. However, it is not as effective in reducing library anxiety, particularly in terms of interaction with librarians and staff. It should be noted that the platform may have limitations such as high costs and potential side effects of virtual reality, making it more suitable as an additional tool for promoting library services, taking into account its feasibility and potential benefits for specific student populations and larger libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the possible antimicrobial activity of glycine air polishing by comparing peri-implant microbiota before and after treatment. Materials and Methods: A total of 15 patients who received implant-supported full-arch fixed rehabilitations were included. After prosthesis removal (T0), Plaque Index (PI), probing depth (PD), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded. In each hemiarch, the implant with the highest PD score was selected for microbiologic sample collection from the peri-implant sulcus (T0). All patients received two different hygienic protocols (randomly administered, one per each hemiarch): glycine air-polishing (G) and cleansing with cotton pellets soaked in saline (C). At 7 days (T1) and 3 months (T2) after the intervention, PI and BOP were recorded, and new microbiologic samples were taken. Traditional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative PCR real-time were employed for microbiologic analysis to investigate how the presence of different bacterial species varied according to the hygienic treatment performed. Results: Treatment G provided a significantly higher PI score reduction around implants compared to treatment C (P = .015). No statistical difference was found in the microbial population around G and C implant sites, with Tannerella forsythia being the most commonly detected bacterial species in both G and C groups. No statistical differences were found between the antimicrobial activity of treatments C and G. Conclusions: Glycine powder air polishing is a valid method for professional hygienic care of implants and was more effective in PI reduction compared to the control treatment. However, its antimicrobial efficacy cannot be confirmed by the outcomes of the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solid-state reactions proceeding from an initial microstructure enable the synthesis of complex materials in a wide variety of applications. However, despite the importance of such reactions in materials' processing, the connection between an initial, reactant microstructure and the ensuing transformation kinetics has been relatively little studied. In this work, we employ computer simulation of a reaction–diffusion model and a quantitative analysis of the associated kinetic equations to examine the propagation and interaction of evolving fronts in a prototypical system transforming via a solid-state reaction. It is found that the interaction between fronts dictates transformation kinetics. We then use our results to describe the kinetics of phase formation in the Co–Ti–O system, which contains the entropy-stabilized line compound cobalt dititanate, CoTi 2 O 5. This system is of particular interest as it has been shown that the solid-state synthesis may be exploited to produce single-crystal cobalt dititanate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A muscle's architecture, defined as the geometric arrangement of its fibers with respect to its mechanical line of action, impacts its abilities to produce force and shorten or lengthen under load. Ultrasound and other noninvasive imaging methods have contributed significantly to our understanding of these structure–function relationships. The goal of this work was to develop a MATLAB toolbox for tracking and mathematically representing muscle architecture at the fascicle scale, based on brightness-mode ultrasound imaging data. The MuscleUS_Toolbox allows user-performed segmentation of a region of interest and automated modeling of local fascicle orientation; calculation of streamlines between aponeuroses of origin and insertion; and quantification of fascicle length, pennation angle, and curvature. A method is described for optimizing the fascicle orientation modeling process, and the capabilities of the toolbox for quantifying and visualizing fascicle architecture are illustrated in the human tibialis anterior muscle. The toolbox is freely available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and acceptability of a staff-delivered physical exercise program embedded into the daily lives of older adults living in nursing homes. A randomized controlled pilot feasibility study was carried out, which included quantitative, qualitative, and economic assessments at baseline, 12 weeks, and 12 months. Two nursing homes (one intervention and one control) took part. The exercise program was carried out on 3 days per week for 12 weeks and consisted of a program of Morning Movement (walking and sit-to-stand exercises) and Activity Bursts. The results confirm that the intervention and study processes are largely acceptable and feasible to implement in the nursing home setting. Potential short-term improvements in physical mobility and quality of life were noticed as positive mean changes and supported by qualitative assessment. Future randomized controlled trials should consider using the 6-meter walk test and refining nursing home and participant eligibility criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To compare the standard 360-degree CBCT acquisition protocol to the low dose 180-degree CBCT protocol for implant planning. Materials and Methods: Two groups of patients, each consisting of 35 patients, were included in the study. The first group was imaged with the conventional 360-degree CBCT protocol, and the second group was imaged with the low dose 180-degree CBCT protocol. The primary outcome of this study was the number of scans that needed to be repeated due to poor image quality. In addition, six secondary parameters were evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively. Results: The results showed that there was no need to repeat any of the CBCT scans that were obtained in either group, which showed that 360-degree and 180-degree protocols had comparable image quality. As for the secondary parameters, the results showed that the evaluators were able to evaluate the six chosen parameters in a comparable manner. Conclusions: The 180-degree low dose CBCT scan is a viable option for dental implant treatment planning in the posterior mandible as it provides comparable and adequate information regarding accuracy of measurements, identification of critical structures, evaluation of bone quality, and any pathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To use histomorphometric analysis to evaluate bone reconstruction in rabbit calvaria with autogenous bone, anorganic bovine bone, undecalcified human tooth bone (UdTB), and decalcified human tooth bone (dTB) grafts. Materials and Methods: Extracted human teeth were crushed, and tooth bone with and without decalcification was prepared. Bony defects were made in 10 rabbit calvaria and allocated to one of the following four groups: group 1, in which UdTB was grafted; group 2, in which dTB was grafted; group 3, in which anorganic bovine bone was grafted; group 4, in which autogenous bone was grafted. The rabbits were sacrificed at 2 or 8 weeks postoperatively, and histomorphometric comparison was performed. Results: Histologically, new bone formation was observed at the defect margin and around all graft materials. The dTB group revealed significantly greater new bone areas at 2 and 8 weeks compared to the UdTB group and the anorganic bovine bone group (P < .05). The dTB group revealed no significant difference in the new bone area at 2 weeks but revealed significantly less new bone area at 8 weeks compared to the autogenous bone group (P < .05). The dTB group also revealed significantly less graft material area compared to the anorganic bovine bone group at 8 weeks (P < .05). The autogenous bone group revealed significantly less graft material area and significantly greater bone marrow area compared to other groups at 8 weeks (P < .05). Conclusions: Grafting with dTB resulted in better bone regeneration than UdTB and anorganic bovine bone grafting at 8 weeks and addresses the potential disadvantages of autogenous bone grafting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Alveolar ridge split (ARS) is ridge augmentation to mitigate ridge width loss that typically follows tooth extraction. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of ARS on alveolar ridge horizontal dimensional changes and the survival rates of implants placed into the same sites. Materials and Methods: An electronic and manual search was conducted for English articles published up to January 1, 2021. The PICO (problem, intervention, comparison, outcome) model for quantitative studies was established to address the following two focused questions: (1) What are the effects of the ARS technique on increasing alveolar width and implant survival?; and (2) what are the factors that influence the efficacy of the ARS technique? The outcome measures in this systematic review and meta-analysis were mean alveolar ridge gain—horizontal (buccolingual) in millimeters from baseline (initial presentation) to final assessment (minimum of 12 weeks after ARS), implant survival rate, and patient-reported complication rate. The risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBINS-I assessment tool for non-randomized interventional studies. Weighted means were calculated, and pooled effects and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were depicted on forest plots. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plot and Rosenthal Statistics. A sensitivity analysis was undertaken to assess the primary outcome. Results: Overall, 35 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. The mean alveolar ridge gain for ARS was 3.06 mm (95% CI: 3.01 to 3.12 mm). A mean gain of 2.99 mm (95% CI: 2.93 to 3.04 mm) was found after sensitivity analysis, excluding one article with a high risk of bias. There were no significant differences in ridge width in the group with bone graft (mean difference [95% CI] of 2.97 mm [2.91 to 3.03 mm]) and in the group without bone graft (mean difference [95% CI] of 3.06 mm [2.92 to 3.20 mm]). The ARS technique demonstrated a 98.17% implant survival rate in 4,446 implants, 4,103 of which were placed at the time of ARS with a 97.72% implant survival rate, and 343 placed in a delayed approach with a 99.14% implant survival rate. The risk of bias was low in 14.2%, low to moderate in 68.5%, moderate in 11.4%, and severe/moderate in 5.7% of the included studies. Conclusions: ARS shows a high implant survival rate in narrow alveolar ridges, adequate horizontal alveolar ridge dimensional gain regardless of adding grafting material, and minimal patient-reported complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On crowdfunding platforms, the success of campaigns relies on the ability of projects to attract backers. While backers' motivations have been examined, the dynamics existing among the distinct profiles of backers remain underexplored. Combining quantitative and qualitative methods, this research offers a typology of backers' profiles and shows how these profiles contribute to the success of a crowdfunding campaign. Informed by the sociological theory of cooperation, these results explain how backers with different profiles influence each other's decisions to support crowdfunding campaigns. We provide guidelines to project leaders and platforms to attract backers with the best profiles at the best moment to optimise the campaign's success strategy. We also help crowdfunding platform managers build their crowd of backers and optimise their number of funded projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum-chemistry methods in the time domain with Gaussian basis sets are increasingly used to compute high-harmonic generation (HHG) spectra of atomic and molecular systems. The quality of these approaches is limited by the accuracy of Gaussian basis sets to describe continuum energy states. In the literature, optimal-continuum Gaussian basis sets have been proposed: Kaufmann et al. [J. Phys. B: At., Mol. Opt. Phys. 22, 2223 (1989)], Woźniak et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 154, 094111 (2021)], Nestmann and Peyerimhoff [J. Phys. B: At., Mol. Opt. Phys. 23, L773 (1990)], Faure et al. [Comput. Phys. Commun. 144, 224 (2002)], and Krause et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 140, 174113 (2014)]. In this work, we have compared the performances of these basis sets to simulate HHG spectra of H atom at different laser intensities. We have also investigated different strategies to balance basis sets with these continuum functions, together with the role of angular momentum. To quantify the performance of the different basis sets, we introduce local and global HHG descriptors. Comparisons with the grid and exact calculations are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Standard thermoreflectance-based measurements have been routinely taken on thin metal transducer (Au or Al) deposited samples. This is based on the fundamental hypothesis that the reflectance change (ΔR/R) of the metal surface is directly and linearly related to the temperature change (ΔT), within a wide but finite temperature range (Trange). The quantitative study on Trange has been ignored for a long time, which would possibly cause severe measurement issues and impede the possible new applications that the thermoreflectance measurements are taken on new metals or even directly on non-metals. Here, we present an approach that combines multiple probe wavelengths' nanosecond transient thermoreflectance technique with a transient temperature rise model to study the linear relation. This method enables fast and accurate determination of the Trange and the proportional coefficient (commonly called the thermoreflectance coefficient, Cth). We studied the commonly used metal transducers (Au and Al) and found that Au illuminated at 532 nm has a considerably larger Trange (from room T to at least 225 °C), with respect to Al illuminated at 785 nm (room T to 150 °C). The linear relationships of uncommon Ni and Ti metals are valid from room temperature to ∼115 °C, illuminated at 785 and 660 nm, respectively. Non-linearity was observed for Al, Ni, and Ti metals when the temperature was elevated above the quantified Trange. This method enables a facile and reliable platform to characterize thermoreflectance properties and better understand the mechanism of thermoreflectance linear relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media has changed how sport organizations and individuals in the sport industry communicate and conduct business. The increase in the number, complexity, and capabilities of platforms provides ample opportunities and data for researchers to employ quantitative research methods. In this article, we provide an overview of the state of scholarship by conducting a scoping review of sport social media research published between 2010 and 2022 with a focus on articles based on quantitative data. We then critically discuss four areas that present opportunities for improvement—scope, theory, data collection, and data analysis. Based on these four areas, we introduce the social media research framework to guide future social media research in sport. Within the social media research framework, we outline three focal areas of research—people, spaces, and technologies—and suggest examining these areas simultaneously, rather than in isolation, as well as their intersections in the sport industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this investigation was to quantify professional rugby union player activity profiles after the most intense (peak) passages of matches. Movement data were collected from 30 elite and 30 subelite professional rugby union athletes across respective competitive seasons. Accelerometer-derived PlayerLoad and global navigation satellite system–derived measures of mean speed and metabolic power were analyzed using a rolling-average method to identify the most intense 5- to 600-second passages (ie, worst-case scenarios) within matches. Player activity profiles immediately post their peak 5- to 600-second match intensity were identified using 5 epoch duration-matched intervals. Mean speed, metabolic power, and PlayerLoad declined sharply (∼29%–86%) after the most intense 5 to 600 seconds of matches. Following the most intense periods of rugby matches, exercise intensity declined below the average match-half intensity 81% of the time and seldom returned to or exceeded it, likely due to a host of individual physical and physiological characteristics, transient and/or accumulative fatigue, contextual factors, and pacing strategies. Typically, player exercise intensities after the most intense passages of matches were similar between match halves, positional groups, and levels of rugby competition. Accurate identification of the peak exercise intensities of matches and movement thereafter using novel methodologies has improved the limited understanding of professional rugby union player activity profiles following the worst-case scenarios of matches. Findings of the present study may inform match-representative training prescription, monitoring, and tactical match decisions (eg, substitutions and positional changes). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the level of English proficiency as predictor of academic performance of Grade 1 learners in East Maitum District. This study employed quantitative research design utilizing descriptive survey. The respondents of this study were the 194 Grade 1 learners from the 6 different elementary schools in East Maitum District. The following conclusions were established and formulated based on the results of the study: First, the level of English proficiency of learners was high in terms of spelling skills and writing skills, while moderately high in terms of grammar skills. Second, the majority of the learners obtained a very satisfactory academic performance. Lastly, the domains that predict the academic performance of Grade 1 learners were the spelling and writing skills. Nevertheless, English proficiency enabled learners to comprehend and effectively engage with course materials, participate in class discussions, and produce written assignments with clarity and precision, thus fostering success in their academic endeavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to collect data on the status of Bachelor of Science in Criminology graduates over the past ten years through a descriptive study by using a validated survey questionnaire. The respondents of this were the 252 graduates. Total enumeration was utilized in getting the desired sample of the population. The research was conducted at Lebak, Sultan Kudarat precisely at Notre Dame of Salaman College, Inc. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions were formulated: Majority of the graduates were male and in terms of age, civil status, majority were married and were 23 y.o. and below. In connection with the highest educational attainment, majority were criminology graduates. For their present employment status and initial monthly income gross, majority were regular and earned P25, 000 and above. Majority had human relation skills. The most graduates who passed the Criminologist Licensure Examination was in 2019 out of all the years from 2010 to 2020. According to their current job status, the largest percentage of employed graduates was from 2019. Only 5 of those who proceeded to advanced studies. From 2010 to 2020, the number of graduates working in their field of choice were employed as criminologists; the highest number of these graduates working in their field were those who graduated in 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on the impact of community extension activities in higher education is limited despite its accessibility. This quantitative research aimed to assess the impact of the "Munting Paaralan, Panghabang Buhay na Karunungan" extension project for the Bachelor of Elementary Education at Nueva Vizcaya State University-Bambang Campus. Its goal was to determine how the 93 respondents from a rural elementary school in Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya, responded to the three-year extension project regarding its relevance and timeliness. The respondents viewed the extension project as very relevant and timely. There is no significant difference in the levels of assessment of the students and teachers and the levels of assessment in the three-year implementation. The information suggests maintaining relevant and timely extension activities to enhance Philippine education standards and address gaps left by the pandemic and lockdown. These programs may be directed towards teachers and students to reinforce and improve performance on national and international assessments. Additionally, funding for reading materials and initiatives that benefit students and teachers may be provided by the Department of Education. While respondent interviews were used in this study to corroborate the quantitative results, qualitative design may be used in future research to further elucidate the extension initiatives' significance. Action research may also be carried out to evaluate the efficacy of the materials and intervention activities used alongside the extension project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ti 3 SiC 2 MAX phase ceramic has effectively enhanced the oxidation resistance of C/SiC composites. However, there is still a need for a numerical ablation model that can analyze the ablative behavior of 2D C/SiC composites. To address this, an efficient, phenomenological multi-scale ablation model, including the thermal property theoretical model, oxidation, decomposition, and sublimation ablation models, is established for revealing the effect of Ti 3 SiC 2 on the ablation resistance of the 2D C/SiC composite. The ablative behavior is evaluated using the continuous-wave laser with different laser power densities as the heat source and used as a basis for numerical model verification. The results show that the Ti 3 SiC 2 MAX phase ceramic can improve the ablation resistance of the 2D C/SiC composite under different laser power densities. The ablation roughness is reconstructed through the mesoscopic geometry structure and maximum/minimum ablation depth. The numerical model can analyze the effect of the mesoscopic geometry structure parameters on the ablation behavior. The model can provide a predicting method for the quantitative ablative calculation of 2D C/SiC and matrix-modified composites. • An efficient, phenomenological multi-scale ablation model is established. • The ablation resistance mechanism of Ti 3 SiC 2 MAX phase ceramic for the 2D C/SiC composite is revealing. • The mesoscale ablation roughness of 2D C/SiC composites is reconstruction. • The effect of mesoscopic geometry structure parameters on the ablation behavior is analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incidence of postpartum depression (PPD) among Chinese women surpasses the global average, and this disparity is closely associated with the level of social support they receive. Using Sensitive Interaction Systems Theory and Family Communication Patterns Theory as guiding frameworks, we conducted a content analysis of 705 posts gathered from the hashtag #PPD (chanhou yiyu) on Zhihu, a popular Chinese social media platform. Our findings reveal that postpartum women primarily seek social support from their husbands and mothers-in-law through indirect nonverbal and direct verbal communication strategies. They tend to receive more problem-focused support than emotion-focused solace. Moreover, the use of direct verbal communication strategies promotes potential support providers' problem-solving behaviors, while the use of indirect nonverbal strategies elicits their avoidance behaviors. In addition, the conversation-oriented family communication pattern strengthens the positive association between direct verbal communication and support-providing behaviors, whereas the conformity-oriented family communication pattern weakens this relationship. This study contributes to the applicability of the abovementioned theories in the Chinese context and provides insights for future interventions aimed at addressing PPD among women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem of imprecise reputation evaluation caused by too much subjective and qualitative evaluation of the traditional reputation evaluation model in data transactions, An Evaluation Entity-Based Reputation Evaluation model (EEBRE) is proposed. In order to realize multi-dimensional reputation evaluation, the structure of the evaluation entity is proposed to dynamically obtain the reputation data of the trading parties; a reputation evaluation assembly method combining objective indicators and feedback rating indicators is proposed, which replaces the qualitative scoring of data set quality indicators with quantitative scoring, introduces the static individual information indicators as well as transaction context attribute indicators, such as transaction amount, time, etc., and retains the qualitative evaluation of the feedback ratings to provide an interactive experience feedback pathway for the data requesting party. The experimental results show that the EEBRE model proposed in this paper can safely and effectively evaluate the seller's reputation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

1D NOESY with presaturation (NOESY-presat) is the most popular water suppression method. When D2O solutions of L-phenylalanine or L-valine were measured using NOESY, the absolute concentration biases increased with longer mixing and evolution times, reaching a maximum of 54% with respect to the preparation values. At mixing and evolution times of 0 ms and 0 µs, respectively, the absolute concentration biases were reduced to less than 3%. The remaining biases were caused by the off-resonance effect, which was prevented by setting the frequency offset to an intermediate value between the analyte and internal standard 3-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propanesulfonic acid-d6 (DSS-d6) signals. Nevertheless, NOESY-presat gave maximum absolute biases of 26% and 11% for glycine and maleic acid concentrations, respectively, in three H2O/D2O (90/10 vol%) solutions. The proposed NOESY-dual-presat method reduced the absolute biases to below 4%. However, water suppression was insufficient but was improved by setting the frequency offset to the same as the presaturation offset with the H2O signal, although the absolute biases rose to 5 to 13%. Quantitative analyses using NOESY-presat and NOESY-dual-presat require careful consideration of the off-resonance effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The effect of dynamic capabilities on operational excellence and the moderating effect of environmental dynamism on the relationship between operational excellence and dynamic capabilities in the apparel industry in Sri Lanka were investigated while developing new psychometric scales to assess operational excellence and dynamic capacities constructs. Design/methodology/approach: We followed the exploratory sequential research design with a mixed-method research approach, aligning with the pragmatic research philosophy. Thus, both qualitative and quantitative research methods were followed. Findings: Dynamic capabilities positively affect operational excellence, and environmental dynamism moderates the relationship between operational excellence and dynamic capabilities in the apparel industry in Sri Lanka such that when a higher environmental dynamism exists, a weaker positive relationship exists between dynamic capabilities and operational excellence. The two main dimensions of the operational excellence construct are continuous improvement of sustainable operational performance and sustainable competitive advantages. It empirically confirmed that sensing, seizing and reconfiguring capabilities are the three main dimensions of the dynamic capabilities construct. Research limitations/implications: This study was limited to the apparel industry in Sri Lanka. This research phenomenon should be explored in other industrial sectors worldwide to generalize the findings. The practitioners in the apparel sector may improve the organizational dynamic capabilities to achieve operational excellence and keep a strong positive relationship between dynamic capabilities and operational excellence in a highly dynamic environment if they address out-of-family situations with out-of-the-box thinking. Originality/value: We generated two new empirical findings: (1) dynamic capabilities positively affect operational excellence, and (2) environmental dynamism moderates the relationship between dynamic capabilities and operational excellence. Also, we introduced validated new scales for assessing operational excellence and dynamic capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Palliative and end-of-life care (EoLC) education is available to all community and hospital healthcare staff in one NHS trust in the north-east of England. It is also available to care home and domiciliary care staff within the geographical area of the trust. Aims: This service evaluation assessed the effect of current in-house education on staff confidence levels in delivering palliative and EoLC. It also examined staff perceptions of how attendance at these courses impacted on the palliative and EoLC patients receive across the locality. Method: A mixed-methods approach was undertaken. Anonymous data were collected via surveys (n=238) sent out in March 2023 covering educational courses that were delivered from 1 January to 31 December 2022 with a 13% response rate. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were explored using Braun and Clarke's (2012) six-stage approach to thematic analysis. A second staff member was asked to review the data to increase the trustworthiness of the study. Findings: Staff confidence levels in delivering palliative and EoLC increased by 19% (somewhat confident) and 23% (extremely confident) following attendance at trust education. Staff perceived that those patients received better palliative and EoLC as a result their attendance at these courses. The qualitative data identified five main themes: symptom control, psychological support, holistic care, patient advocacy, and advance care planning. Limitations of the study included the low survey response rate and lack of exploration of patient/carer perceptions directly. Conclusion: Palliative and EoLC education can increase staff confidence levels in care delivery and, as perceived by staff, results in better care for patients receiving palliative and EoLC. These findings provide evidence for the trust to consider making palliative and EoLC training mandatory, which could also be considered more widely regionally and nationally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to shed light on the key role of digital repertoire in shaping participation forms, challenging internet as a flexible, dynamic, and pervasive platform that transcends reality in terms of sense and relationship construction processes. The research design traces the narration and performance patterns in the last decade of the No Tav movement case study. The work examines the concept of innovation as both an evolving repertoire and a set of users’ practices. The empirical analysis is conducted through digital content analysis using quantitative textual analysis techniques. The research questions aim to understand how activists produce and share knowledge, what mobilization patterns emerge and are enabled by digital media, and how organizational assumptions change due to the digital turn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT In this study, the attachment and resilience levels of 60‐ to 72‐month‐old Turkish girls and boys were examined in terms of certain demographic characteristics, and the predictive role of attachment on resilience was investigated while controlling for these characteristics. The study was structured as a descriptive study within the scope of quantitative research methods of the survey model. Participants consisted of 361 children and 73 teachers. We collected the data for the study administering the Incomplete Stories with Doll Family Scale to each child for approximately 20 min by the researcher and having teachers complete the Preschool Period Resilience Scale. Independent samples t‐tests, one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple regression analysis were applied. In the study, the least observed attachment style in children was negative, followed by secure, with avoidance the most prevalent. While the child's gender, parental education level and socio‐economic status explained 14% of resilience, it was determined that the attachment variable explained 57.9% of the variance in resilience when common independent variables were controlled. The results of the study highlight the significance of the impact of attachment styles on the resilience of young children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We show a quantitative analysis of the perturbed electric field of a 3D anisotropic conductive rod geometry embedded in homogeneous background, which is an extension of the work in 2D case. The solution to the perturbed problem is presented by layer potential techniques, and dedicated asymptotic analysis is employed for characterization of the density function. The asymptotic result shows that near the high curvature boundary of the rod, the electric field is much strong, compared with other parts adjacent to the rod. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Though feminist economics encourages methodological plurality, quantitative methods and econometrics have overtaken the discipline in recent years. Many feminist economists have demonstrated reasons to be concerned about the increasing foothold of quantitative methods, and others have provided thoughtful criticisms of specific quantitative measurements. However, few have made distinctions between mainstream econometrics and feminist econometrics, and a succinct set of resources for those trying to do feminist quantitative research is difficult to find. Drawing upon insights from feminist economics, queer methods, and intersectional approaches, this article sets forth practical guidelines for feminists using econometric methods. Namely, it considers issues of data cleaning, replicability, survey weighting, comparison groups, non-binary measures of gender, intersectionality, causality claims, identification problems, atheoretical index composition, and measuring “difference.” It raises questions for contemporary feminist economists to consider as we grapple with the methodological identity of our field.HIGHLIGHTSGender diagnostic estimation can be used to endogenously measure gender.Separate model approaches and CARTs are useful in intersectional work.Econometric models can be structured so they are “studying up.”Oaxaca–Blinder and PCA methods raise some feminist concerns.Cohen’s D and the Index of Similarity can be used to test gender differences.Gender diagnostic estimation can be used to endogenously measure gender.Separate model approaches and CARTs are useful in intersectional work.Econometric models can be structured so they are “studying up.”Oaxaca–Blinder and PCA methods raise some feminist concerns.Cohen’s D and the Index of Similarity can be used to test gender differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study attempts to investigate the relationships between the host motivations for micro-entrepreneurship, positive emotions, and behavioral intentions of Turkish people toward the meal-sharing economy. Drawing on a quantitative research method, 204 self-administered questionnaires were conducted in Istanbul. Structural equation modeling was used to analyzed the data. The results showed that whereas social interaction and independence directly and positively influence developing positive emotions, gratification of host and source of cultural capital has no significant impact on positive emotions. The findings also confirmed positive relationship between, positive emotions, gratification of host, social interaction and source of cultural capital and support intention. Independency has no significant effect on support intention to support meal sharing. Moreover, this study provides useful theoretical and practical implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In today's interconnected world, fostering a culture of constructive dissent within organizations is more important than ever. Our study sheds light on how social capital—our networks and relationships—affects employees' ability to express dissent. This study aims to empirically examine whether organizational socialization has a mediating effect on the relationship between social capital and organizational dissent. Methods: We utilized surveys to collect data from participants. Quantitative data was collected from 240 employees within the textile in Türkiye. We used structural equation modeling through SmartPLS to test four hypotheses. Results: According to the results of the SEM, social capital positively affects organizational dissent. Similarly, social capital positively affects organizational socialization. The mediation level of organizational socialization is at the level of partial mediation on the relationship between social capital and organizational dissent. Based on the results, organizational socialization positively affects organizational dissent. Discussion: We contribute to the literature by extending social capital research by illustrating that employees' social relationships lead to organizational socialization and organizational dissent behavior at work. The results suggest that the ability of employees to show dissent behavior is conditioned by their social capital and mediated by organizational socialization. This research is particularly relevant in sectors with hierarchical structures, where encouraging voice and participation can lead to significant advancements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transformational leadership is characterized by leaders who inspire and motivate their followers to achieve higher levels of performance and commitment. The study utilized a sample of 185 teachers and 19 administrators from various schools within Mawab District and collected data through surveys measuring transformational leadership behaviors, work performance measures, and affective commitment levels. Results from the study revealed a negative relationship between transformational leadership and both work performance and affective commitment. Specifically, employees who perceived their leaders to exhibit transformational leadership behaviors reported lower levels of work performance and affective commitment. This unexpected finding suggests that the traditional positive association between transformational leadership and employee outcomes may not hold true in all organizational contexts or for all employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fertility punishment is a powerful interpretation of the low birth rate in contemporary China, but it is not consistent with the fact that the proportion of second children has been increasing year by year for some time. From the perspective of Bandura's "Self-efficacy", based on the post-80 s and post-90 s youth samples in the Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents 2021, this paper explores the quantitative relationship between the number of children and individual self-efficacy. The data indicates that: (1) Fertility is closely linked to self-efficacy, with young people who have two children exhibiting higher self-efficacy; (2) The quantitative relationship between the number of children and self-efficacy varies based on parental roles—men/fathers show almost no change in self-efficacy when moving from having no children to one child, but demonstrate a significant increase in self-efficacy when they have two children. In contrast, women/mothers experience the lowest self-efficacy when having one child, which only shows a significant improvement when they have two children. These findings provide a new perspective for theoretically explaining the current fertility situation and expand the application of self-efficacy. In terms of policy efforts, it is necessary to provide support for women's one-child fertility, and to increase the publicity of the view of more children and more efficacy to resist the potential energy of low fertility that arises from the view of more children and more burdens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visual scoring of interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis (SSc-ILD) from CT scans is laborious, subjective and time-consuming. This study aims to develop a deep learning framework to automate SSc-ILD scoring. The automated framework is a cascade of two neural networks. The first network selects the craniocaudal positions of the five scoring levels. Subsequently, for each level, the second network estimates the ratio of three patterns to the total lung area: the total extent of disease (TOT), ground glass (GG) and reticulation (RET). To overcome the score imbalance in the second network, we propose a method to augment the training dataset with synthetic data. To explain the network's output, a heat map method is introduced to highlight the candidate interstitial lung disease regions. The explainability of heat maps was evaluated by two human experts and a quantitative method that uses the heat map to produce the score. The results show that our framework achieved a κ of 0.66, 0.58, and 0.65, for the TOT, GG and RET scoring, respectively. Both experts agreed with the heat maps in 91%, 90% and 80% of cases, respectively. Therefore, it is feasible to develop a framework for automated SSc-ILD scoring, which performs competitively with human experts and provides high-quality explanations using heat maps. Confirming the model's generalizability is needed in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development issued by the United Nations is an important foundation for countries to achieve common economic, social and environmental development. Important progress has been made in the evaluation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Hainan Island; nevertheless, there is still a lack of understanding around the trade-offs and synergies between the SDGs. Studying the trade-offs and synergies between Hainan Island's sustainable development goals is of great significance for the coordinated development of these goals and the promotion of the construction of free trade ports. Therefore, based on the United Nations Sustainable Development Assessment System and the existing SDG indicator system on Hainan Island, this paper identifies and quantifies the trade-offs and synergies within and between SDGs and targets on the county scale. Based on the different impacts of different spatial, dimensional and geographical directions, the results show the following: (1) Hainan Province made good progress on multiple SDGs between 2010 and 2021. (2) The most significant synergies between SDGs exist between SDG1 (No Poverty) and SDG10 (Reduce Inequalities), while the most significant trade-offs exist between SDG2 (Zero Hunger) and SDG4 (Quality Education). (3) Obvious spatial characteristics in trade-offs and synergies exist, with the highest level of synergy being in the Haikou and Sanya Economic Circles and their surrounding areas, and in the central region of Hainan Island which has a higher level of trade-offs. (4) The synergistic effect between the SDG targets and indicators in Hainan is much greater than the trade-off effect: the four aspects of people's livelihood improvement, economic development, resource utilization and environmental quality all show synergistic effects in different regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]