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Prevalensi hipertensi pada orang dewasa diseluruh dunia sebesar 26,4% dan di Indonesia sebesar 9,5%. Di Provinsi Aceh sebesar 30,1% dan di Aceh Selatan sendiri sebanyak 3255 orang menderita hipertensi. Teh hijau mengandung kombinasi zat yang tidak dimiliki minuman lain diantaranya kafein, L-Theanine dan epigalokatekin galat. Ketiga zat ini saling bersinergi sehingga mampu melindungi jantung dengan membantu menurunkan tekanan darah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) terhadap tekanan pada penderita hipertensi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kabupaten Aceh Selatan. Penelitian ini bersifat Quasy Experiment dengan desain pre-post kontrol grup. Sampel berjumlah 42 orang, terbagi 21 kelompok perlakuan dan 21 kelompok tanpa perlakuan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari tahun 2017. Rata-rata penurunan tekanan darah sistolik terhadap pemberian teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) pada penderita hipertensi adalah sebesar 25,33 mmHg, sedangkan rata-rata penurunan tekanan darah diastolik terhadap pemberian teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) pada penderita hipertensi adalah sebesar 9,47 mmHg. Ada pengaruh pemberian teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) terhadap tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Labuhanhaji Kabupaten Aceh Selatan (p ≤0,05). Diharapkan teh hijau dapat dimanfaatkan atau digunakan oleh penderita hipertensi sebagai alternatif terapi herbal agar tekanan darah tetap normal dan stabil.

This paper presents a data-driven approach for COVID-19 modeling and forecasting, which can be used by public policy and decision makers to control the outbreak through Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPI). First, we apply an extended Kalman filter (EKF) to a discrete-time stochastic augmented compartmental model to estimate the time-varying effective reproduction number (R t ). We use daily confirmed cases, active cases, recovered cases, deceased cases, Case-Fatality-Rate (CFR), and infectious time as inputs for the model. Furthermore, we define a Transmission Index (TI) as a ratio between the instantaneous and the maximum value of the effective reproduction number. The value of TI indicates the "effectiveness" of the disease transmission from a contact between a susceptible and an infectious individual in the presence of current measures, such as physical distancing and lock-down, relative to a normal condition. Based on the value of TI, we forecast different scenarios to see the effect of relaxing and tightening public measures. Case studies in three countries are provided to show the practicability of our approach., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

We consider linearly coupled discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equations with gain and loss terms and with a cubic-quintic nonlinearity. The system models a parity-time (PT)-symmetric coupler composed by a chain of dimers. We study uniform states and site-centered and bond-centered spatially localized solutions and present that each solution has a symmetric and antisymmetric configuration between the arms. The symmetric solutions can become unstable due to bifurcations of asymmetric ones, that are called ghost states, because they exist only when an otherwise real propagation constant is taken to be complex valued. When a parameter is varied, the resulting bifurcation diagrams for the existence of standing localized solutions have a snaking behavior. The critical gain and loss coefficient above which the PT symmetry is broken corresponds to the condition when bifurcation diagrams of symmetric and antisymmetric states merge. Past the symmetry breaking, the system no longer has time-independent states. Nevertheless, equilibrium solutions can be analytically continued by defining a dual equation that leads to ghost states associated with growth or decay, that are also identified and examined here. We show that ghost localized states also exhibit snaking bifurcation diagrams. We analyze the width of the snaking region and provide asymptotic approximations in the limit of strong and weak coupling where good agreement is obtained.