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Arlina Nurhapsari,1,2 Risya Cilmiaty,3 Adi Prayitno,3 Bambang Purwanto,4 Soetrisno Soetrisno5 1Doctoral Degree of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia; 2Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Islam Sultan Agung University, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia; 3Department of Oral Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia; 4Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia; 5Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Central Java, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Arlina Nurhapsari, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Islam Sultan Agung University, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, 50112, Indonesia, Email arlina@unissula.ac.idPurpose: Acute dental pulp inflammation necessitates early treatment to alleviate inflammation and pain. In the inflammatory phase, a substance is required to lower the inflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen species that play a crucial role in that phase. Asiatic acid is a natural triterpene obtained from the Centella asiatica plant with a high antioxidant value. This study examined the effect of Asiatic acid’s antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive properties on dental pulp inflammation.Methods: The research is an experimental laboratory, with a post-test only with a control group design. The study utilised 40 male Wistar rats weighing 200– 250 grams and aged 8– 10 weeks. Rats were divided into five groups (control, eugenol, Asiatic Acid 0.5%; 1%; 2% group). Dental pulp inflammation was created in the maxillary incisor after six hours of administration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The dental pulp treatment then continued with the administration of eugenol and three different Asiatic acid concentrations (0.5%, 1% and 2%). In the next 72 hours, the teeth were biopsied, and the dental pulp was analysed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the level of MDA, SOD, TNF-α, beta-endorphins and CGRP. Histopathological examination and the Rat Grimace Scale were utilised to determine the level of inflammation and pain, respectively.Results: The effect of Asiatic Acid on MDA, TNF-α, and CGRP levels decreased significantly compared to the control group (p=< 0.001). On the SOD and beta-endorphin levels, Asiatic acid treatment resulted in a considerable rise (p =< 0.001).Conclusion: Due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive characteristics, Asiatic acid can reduce inflammation and pain in acute pulp inflammation due to its ability to decrease MDA, TNFα, and CGRP levels while raising SOD and beta-endorphin levels.Keywords: pulp inflammation, Asiatic acid, MDA, TNF-α, SOD, beta endorphins, CGRP

Endra Yustin Ellistasari,1 Harijono Kariosentono,2 Bambang Purwanto,3 Brian Wasita,4 Risya Cilmiaty Arief Riswiyant,5 Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari,6 Soetrisno Soetrisno7 1Doctoral Program of Medical Sciences Department, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia; 2Dermatology and Venereology Department, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia; 3Internal Medicine Department, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia; 4Anatomical Pathology Department, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia; 5Dentistry Department, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia; 6Public Health Department, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia; 7Obstetric and Gynecology Department, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Endra Yustin Ellistasari, Dermatology and Venereology Department, Dr Moewardi General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine Sebelas Maret University, Jl Kol Sutarto 132 Jebres, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia, Tel +62 271634634, Email endra_yustin@yahoo.comPurpose: This is an in-vitro experimental study to analyze the effect of Exo-HUVEC on endothelial cell (CD31), cell proliferation, matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) and collagen type 1 on irradiated fibroblast with UVB as photo-aging model.Patients and Methods: Fibroblast cultures were divided into 5 groups, namely without UVB exposure, UVB exposure 600mJ/cm2 for 80 seconds as photo-aging model, and UVB exposure +Exo-HUVEC exposure 0.1%, 0.5% and 1%. The endothelial cell was stained with a CD31 marker, MMP-1 were examined with ELISA, cell proliferation is detected using an MTT assay; meanwhile, collagen type 1 deposition and endothelial cell were measured using flowcytometry.Results: This study found positive endothelial cell marker CD31. Significant difference was found in cell proliferation, MMP-1 and collagen type 1 level between the control group with UVB irradiation and the treatment group with Exo-HUVEC (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Exo-HUVEC significantly increases cell proliferation and collagen type 1 level, while decrease MMP-1 levels on irradiated fibroblast; therefore, Exo-HUVEC ameliorate the photo-aging of skin fibroblast.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: photo-aging, Exo-HUVEC, endothelial cell, cell proliferation, MMP-1, collagen type 1

This study was conducted to analyze milk production and morphometrics derived from digital images of Friesian and Holstein cows in smallholder farms located in Pondok Rangon, Lembang, and Cibungbulang Bogor in different lactation periods. The morphometric parameters measured in this study included body length, height, chest girth, and body weight. The findings indicated that Holstein cows exhibited greater body length, height, chest girth, and body weight compared to Friesian cows across all farms. Milk production in Friesian cows remained relatively stable from lactation periods one to three. Additionally, body length, height, chest girth, and body weight were found to influence the milk production of both Friesian and Holstein cows. Cows with longer body lengths, greater heights, higher body weights, and wider chest girths tended to produce more milk. Chest girth and weight emerged as the primary factors influencing milk production in Friesian and Holstein cows, while height, body length, and lactation period also played significant roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Banjir pada lapangan sepakbola Desa Selaganggeng, Kecamatan Mrebet, Kabupaten Purbalingga terjadi karena sistem drainase yang ada tidak baik. Air hujan yang jatuh di area lapangan tidak dapat segera diresapkan ke dalam tanah atau dialirkan ke saluran pembuang. Namun hal ini dapat diatasi dengan cara membuat sistem drainase bawah permukaan berupa pipa-pipa lateral di bawah tanah yang terhubung dengan saluran pembuang. Analisis hidrologi dilakukan untuk mendapatkan debit hujan sebagai dasar untuk merencanakan dimensi pipa dan jarak antar pipa terpasang. Hasil analisis hidrologi didapatkan bahwa debit hujan dengan kala ulang 5, 10, 15, dan 20 tahun berturut-turut adalah sebesar 4,432 x 10-2 m3/detik, 5,694 x 10-2 m3/detik, 6,289 x 10-2 m3/detik, dan 6,947 x 10-2 m3/detik. Banjir tidak terjadi jika pipa dipasang pada kedalaman 0,4 m dengan diameter Ø 4 inci dan jarak antar pipa adalah 3,30 m serta perlu pergantian lapisan tanah lapangan dengan yang lebih porus.

The objectives of this research were to predict the ADMET, docking, and investigate the cytotoxicity activity of 4-nitrobenzoyl-3-allylthiourea (BATU-11) on MCF7 and MCF7/HER2 cells. The docking was carried out through the interaction of ligands into the binding site of EGFR and HER2, to predict their affinity for this target with PBD codes: 1M17 and 3PP0. The docking simulation resulted in Rerank Score on EGFR and HER2 of -90.6421 kcal/mol and - 91.0365 kcal/mol, respectively. The cytotoxicity activity of the BATU-11 on cell lines MCF7 and MCF7/HER2 was determined by MTT assay. The BATU-11 had a higher antiproliferative effect on MCF7/HER2 cells than on MCF7 cells, with IC50 values of 85 uM and 225 uM, respectively. In the meanwhile, the CC50 value is 1097 uM. The result of the in silico study are in line with the in vitro results, as well as good ADMET prediction results from the BATU-11. Based on this study, 4-nitrobenzoyl-3-allylthiourea is potential as a breast cancer drug candidate with EGFR/HER2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractSmart Agroforestry (SAF) is believed to be one of the alternative solutions in implementing sustainable forest management to achieve the community welfare. SAF provides agricultural and silvicultural knowledge and practices that aims not only for recovering the environmental attributes but also for increasing farmers resilience. However, the benefits of agroforestry related to soil fertility in optimizing the land productivity and governing the community livelihood are often overlooked and have not been well discussed. This review aims to describe how smart agroforestry practices in various regions in Indonesia and several other countries have significantly contributed to maintaining soil fertility and increasing crop production while assuring profitable benefits for the community. This review paper focuses on discussing the role of SAF in sustaining soil fertility and community livelihood in tropical and non-tropical regions. The review article was based on a synoptic review approach to SAF and Soil Fertility-related relevant publications and nationwide experiences. The review compiled and analyzed information from national and international research papers in various online scientific journals, conference proceedings and relevant books, to gain a comprehensive understanding of the topic being discussed. The study utilized a qualitative approach and drew upon primary and secondary sources based on a systematic review. Agroforestry has a significant role in recycling soil nutrients from the materials in the surrounding environment. SAF influences soil fertility physically, chemically and biologically. SAF practices in both wet and dry lands can contribute significantly to the community’s income. This review unveils the latent potential and the role of SAF in sustaining soil fertility that supports the community's livelihood and can serve as impetus for future research.

AbstractGerunggang (Cratoxylum arborescens (Vahl) Blume) is a tree native to Indonesian peatlands that has great potential as an alternative fiber-producing species for the pulp and paper industry because it is adaptable and does not have the potential to disrupt local ecosystems. The species also contains important anti-cancer compounds for the pharmaceutical industry. These industries require large quantities of raw materials to meet their needs, which cannot be met by the supply of conventional plant seedlings. Tissue culture is one of the propagation biotechnologies that can be used as an alternative to provide more efficient germplasm. In this study, we developed a protocol for gerunggang propagation using tissue culture technique. The results showed that the combination of 1 mg/l 6-benzylamino purine (BAP) and 0.5 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) in Murashige & Skoog media provided the fastest bud break time (2 weeks before the first subculture), with the highest shoot initiation (3.0 ± 0.2 cm), and after 4 weeks of incubation, the highest auxiliary shoot elongation (7.4 ± 0.1 cm). The significant effect of this hormone concentration also increases the nodule multiplication coefficient (NMC), which is 7.5. In vitro root response on the same propagation medium showed good growth with an average root length of 4.8 ± 0.2 cm. Acclimatization of plantlets was successful under ex vitro conditions and resulted in good growth after 2 and 3 months in the greenhouse. The advantage of applying the tissue culture method to gerunggang is that it can produce about seven times more seedlings from one explant in about 4 weeks. These results will be very useful for further research in the field and require a more intensive and comprehensive study.

This study investigates the use of the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission's (TRMM) rainfall data for predicting water flows and flood events in three catchments on the island of Java, Indonesia, namely, Ciliwung, Citarum and Bengawan Solo. The Shetran model was used for rainfall-runoff simulations, with rainfall input obtained from measured rain gauges (hourly and daily) and TRMM (3-hourly and daily). The daily Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) values for the model calibration period were 0.75, 0.70 and 0.85 using rain gauge data and 0.44, 0.44 and 0.75 using the TRMM rainfall data. For the validation period, the NSE values were 0.71, 0.62 and 0.89 using rain gauge data and 0.26, 0.61 and 0.58 for the TRMM data. The Critical Success Index for predicting flooding events was improved using rain gauge data compared to using TRMM data. The results demonstrate that rain gauge data are systematically superior to TRMM rainfall data when used for simulating discharges and predicting flooding events. These findings suggest that rain gauge data are preferred for flood early warning systems in tropical rainfall regimes and that if TRMM or similar satellite rainfall data are used, the evaluated flood risks should be treated with extreme caution. HIGHLIGHTS This study investigates the quality of the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission's (TRMM) rainfall data using the Shetran hydrological model.; Two rainfall products (observed rainfall and TRMM rainfall) have been used to find out which one has the greatest potential to predict flooding.; The observed rainfall measurement data produce a better simulation discharge than the one using TRMM rainfall data.;