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1. Shape evolution in even-mass $^{98-104}$Zr isotopes via lifetime measurements using the $\gamma\gamma$-coincidence technique

Author: Pasqualato, G., Ansari, S., Heines, J. S., Modamio, V., Görgen, A., Korten, W., Ljungvall, J., Clément, E., Dudouet, J., Lemasson, A., Rodríguez, T. R., Allmond, J. M., Arici, T., Beckmann, K. S., Bruce, A. M., Doherty, D., Esmaylzadeh, A., Gamba, E. R., Gerhard, L., Gerl, J., Georgiev, G., Ivanova, D. P., Jolie, J., Kim, Y. -H., Knafla, L., Korichi, A., Koseoglou, P., Labiche, M., Lalkovski, S., Lauritsen, T., Li, H. -J., Pedersen, L. G., Pietri, S., Ralet, D., Regis, J. M., Rudigier, M., Saha, S., Sahin, E., Siem, S., Singh, P., öderström, P. -A., Theisen, C., Tornyi, T., Vandebrouck, M., Witt, W., Zielińska, M., Barrientos, D., Bednarczyk, P., Benzoni, G., Boston, A. J., Boston, H. C., Bracco, A., Cederwall, B, Ciemala, M., de France, G., Domingo-Pardo, C., Eberth, J., Gadea, A., González, V., Gottardo, A., Harkness-Brennan, L. J., Hess, H., Judson, D. S., Jungclaus, A., Lenzi, S. M., Leoni, S., Menegazzo, R., Mengoni, D., Michelagnoli, C., Napoli, D. R., Nyberg, J., Podolyak, Zs., Pullia, A., Recchia, F., Reiter, P., Rezynkina, K., Salsac, M. D., Sanchis, E., Şenyiğit, M., Siciliano, M., Simpson, J., Sohler, D., Stezowski, O., Valiente-Dobón, J. J., and Verney, D.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The Zirconium (Z = 40) isotopic chain has attracted interest for more than four decades. The abrupt lowering of the energy of the first $2^+$ state and the increase in the transition strength B(E2; $2_1^\rightarrow 0_1^+$ going from $^{98}$Zr to $^{100}$Zr has been the first example of "quantum phase transition" in nuclear shapes, which has few equivalents in the nuclear chart. Although a multitude of experiments have been performed to measure nuclear properties related to nuclear shapes and collectivity in the region, none of the measured lifetimes were obtained using the Recoil Distance Doppler Shift method in the $\gamma\gamma$-coincidence mode where a gate on the direct feeding transition of the state of interest allows a strict control of systematical errors. This work reports the results of lifetime measurements for the first yrast excited states in $^{98-104}$Zr carried out to extract reduced transition probabilities. The new lifetime values in $\gamma\gamma$-coincidence and $\gamma$-single mode are compared with the results of former experiments. Recent predictions of the Interacting Boson Model with Configuration Mixing, the Symmetry Conserving Configuration Mixing model based on the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approach and the Monte Carlo Shell Model are presented and compared with the experimental data.
Published: 2024
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2. The muon beam monitor for the FAMU experiment: design, simulation, test and operation

Author: Rossini, R., Baldazzi, G., Banfi, S., Baruzzo, M., Benocci, R., Bertoni, R., Bonesini, M., Carsi, S., Cirrincione, D., Clemenza, M., Colace, L., de Bari, A., de Vecchi, C., Fasci, E., Gaigher, R., Gianfrani, L., Hillier, A. D., Ishida, K., King, P. J. C., Lord, J. S., Mazza, R., Menegolli, A., Mocchiutti, E., Monzani, S., Moretti, L., Petroselli, C., Pizzolotto, C., Prata, M. C., Pullia, M., Quintieri, L., Ramponi, R., Rossella, M., Sbrizzi, A., Toci, G., Tortora, L., Vallazza, E. S., Yokoyama, K., and Vacchi, A.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: FAMU is an INFN-led muonic atom physics experiment based at the RIKEN-RAL muon facility at the ISIS Neutron and Muon Source (United Kingdom). The aim of FAMU is to measure the hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen to determine the value of the proton Zemach radius with accuracy better than 1%.The experiment has a scintillating-fibre hodoscope for beam monitoring and data normalisation. In order to carry out muon flux estimation, low-rate measurements were performed to extract the single-muon average deposited charge. Then, detector simulation in Geant4 and FLUKA allowed a thorough understanding of the single-muon response function, crucial for determining the muon flux. This work presents the design features of the FAMU beam monitor, along with the simulation and absolute calibration measurements in order to enable flux determination and enable data normalisation.
Published: 2024
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3. Probing exotic cross-shell interactions at N=28 with single-neutron transfer on 47K

Author: Paxman, C. J., Matta, A., Catford, W. N., Lotay, G., Assié, M., Clément, E., Lemasson, A., Ramos, D., Orr, N. A., Galtarossa, F., Girard-Alcindor, V., Dudouet, J., Achouri, N. L., Ackermann, D., Barrientos, D., Beaumel, D., Bednarczyk, P., Benzoni, G., Bracco, A., Canete, L., Cederwall, B., Ciemala, M., Delahaye, P., Doherty, D. T., Domingo-Pardo, C., Fernández-Domínguez, B., Fernández, D., Flavigny, F., Fougères, C., de France, G., Franchoo, S., Gadea, A., Gibelin, J., González, V., Gottardo, A., Goyal, N., Hammache, F., Harkness-Brennan, L. J., Harrouz, D. S., Jacquot, B., Judson, D. S., Jungclaus, A., Kaşkaş, A., Korten, W., Labiche, M., Lalanne, L., Lenain, C., Leoni, S., Ljungvall, J., Lois-Fuentes, J., Lokotko, T., Lopez-Martens, A., Maj, A., Marqués, F. M., Martel, I., Menegazzo, R., Mengoni, D., Million, B., Nyberg, J., Pérez-Vidal, R. M., Plagnol, L., Podolyák, Zs., Pullia, A., Quintana, B., Regueira-Castro, D., Reiter, P., Rejmund, M., Rezynkina, K., Sanchis, E., Şenyiğit, M., de Séréville, N., Siciliano, M., Sohler, D., Stezowski, O., Thomas, J. -C., Utepov, A., Valiente-Dobón, J. J., Verney, D., and Zielińska, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present the first measurement of the $^{47}$K($d,p\gamma$)$^{48}$K transfer reaction, performed in inverse kinematics using a reaccelerated beam of $^{47}$K. The level scheme of $^{48}$K has been greatly extended with nine new bound excited states identified and spectroscopic factors deduced. Detailed comparisons with SDPF-U and SDPF-MU shell-model calculations reveal a number of discrepancies with these results, and a preference for SDPF-MU is found. Intriguingly, an apparent systematic overestimation of spectroscopic factors and a poor reproduction of the energies for 1$^-$ states suggests that the mixing between the $\pi s^{\,\,\,1}_{1/2} d^{\,\,\,4}_{3/2}$ and $\pi s^{\,\,\,2}_{1/2} d^{\,\,\,3}_{3/2}$ proton configurations in $^{48}$K is not correctly described using current interactions, challenging our descriptions of light $N=28$ nuclei., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Published: 2024

4. Searches for new physics below twice the electron mass with GERDA

Author: GERDA Collaboration, Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G. R., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Calgaro, S., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Chiu, P. -J., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Marshall, G., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sailer, S., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütz, A-K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Sullivan, S., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A search for full energy depositions from bosonic keV-scale dark matter candidates of masses between 65 keV and 1021 keV has been performed with data collected during Phase II of the GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment. Our analysis includes direct dark matter absorption as well as dark Compton scattering. With a total exposure of 105.5 kg yr, no evidence for a signal above the background has been observed. The resulting exclusion limits deduced with either Bayesian or Frequentist statistics are the most stringent direct constraints in the major part of the 140-1021 keV mass range. As an example, at a mass of 150 keV the dimensionless coupling of dark photons and axion-like particles to electrons has been constrained to $\alpha$'/$\alpha$ < 8.7x10$^{-24}$ and g$_{ae}$ < 3.3x10$^{-12}$ at 90% credible interval (CI), respectively. Additionally, a search for peak-like signals from beyond the Standard Model decays of nucleons and electrons is performed. We find for the inclusive decay of a single neutron in $^{76}$Ge a lower lifetime limit of $\tau_n$ > 1.5x10$^{24}$ yr and for a proton $\tau_p$ > 1.3x10$^{24}$ yr at 90% CI. For the electron decay e$^-\rightarrow\nu_e\gamma$ a lower limit of $\tau_e$ > 5.4x10$^{25}$ yr at 90% CI has been determined., Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures, 7 tables
Published: 2024

5. High-precision spectroscopy of $^{20}$O benchmarking ab-initio calculations in light nuclei

Author: Zanon, I., Clément, E., Goasduff, A., Menéndez, J., Miyagi, T., Assié, M., Ciemała, M., Flavigny, F., Lemasson, A., Matta, A., Ramos, D., Rejmund, M., Achouri, L., Ackermann, D., Barrientos, D., Beaumel, D., Benzoni, G., Boston, A. J., Boston, H. C., Bottoni, S., Bracco, A., Brugnara, D., de France, G., de Sereville, N., Delaunay, F., Desesquelles, P., Didierjean, F., Domingo-Prato, C., Dudouet, J., Eberth, J., Fernández, D., Fougères, C., Gadea, A., Galtarossa, F., Girard-Alcindor, V., Gonzales, V., Gottardo, A., Hammache, F., Harkness-Brennan, L. J., Hess, H., Judson, D. S, Jungclaus, A., Kaşkaş, A., Kim, Y. H., Kuşoğlu, A., Labiche, M., Leblond, S., Lenain, C., Lenzi, S. M., Leoni, S., Li, H., Ljungvall, J., Lois-Fuentes, J., Lopez-Martens, A., Maj, A., Menegazzo, R., Mengoni, D., Michelagnoli, C., Million, B., Napoli, D. R., Nyberg, J., Pasqualato, G., Podolyak, Zs., Pullia, A., Quintana, B., Recchia, F., Regueira-Castro, D., Reiter, P., Rezynkina, K., Rojo, J. S., Salsac, M. D., Sanchis, E., Şenyiğit, M., Siciliano, M., Sohler, D., Stezowski, O., Theisen, Ch., Utepov, A., Valiente-Dobón, J. J., Verney, D., and Zielinska, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: The excited states of unstable $^{20}$O were investigated via $\gamma$-ray spectroscopy following the $^{19}$O$(d,p)^{20}$O reaction at 8 $A$MeV. By exploiting the Doppler Shift Attenuation Method, the lifetime of the 2$^+_2$ and 3$^+_1$ states were firmly established. From the $\gamma$-ray branching and E2/M1 mixing ratios for transitions deexciting the 2$^+_2$ and 3$^+_1$ states, the B(E2) and B(M1) were determined. Various chiral effective field theory Hamiltonians, describing the nuclear properties beyond ground states, along with a standard USDB interaction, were compared with the experimentally obtained data. Such a comparison for a large set of $\gamma$-ray transition probabilities with the valence space in medium similarity renormalization group ab-initio calculations was performed for the first time in a nucleus far from stability. It was shown that the ab-initio approaches using chiral EFT forces are challenged by detailed high-precision spectroscopic properties of nuclei. The reduced transition probabilities were found to be a very constraining test of the performance of the ab-initio models., Comment: Supplemental Material available
Published: 2024
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6. Investigating the Proton Structure: The FAMU experiment

Author: Vacchi, A., Adamczak, A., Bakalov, D., Baldazzi, G., Baruzzo, M., Benocci, R., Bertoni, R., Bonesini, M., Cabrera, H., Carsi, S., Cirrincione, D., Chignoli, F., Clemenza, M., Colace, L., Danailov, M., Danev, P., de Bari, A., De Vecchi, C., De Vincenzi, M., Fasci, E., Gadedjisso-Tossou, K. S., Gianfrani, L., Hillier, A. D., Ishida, K., King, P. J. C., Maggi, V., Mazza, R., Menegolli, A., Mocchiutti, E., Moretti, L., Morgante, G., Niemela, J., Petroselli, C., Pizzolotto, C., Pullia, A., Ramponi, R., Roman, H. E., Rossella, M., Rossini, R., Sarkar, R., Sbrizzi, A., Stoilov, M., Stoychev, L., Suarez-Vargas, J. J., Toci, G., Tortora, L., Vallazza, E., Xiao, C., and Yokoyama, K.
Subjects: Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract: The article gives the motivations for the measurement of the hyperfine splitting (hfs) in the ground state of muonic hydrogen to explore the properties of the proton at low momentum transfer. It summarizes these proposed measurement methods and finally describes the FAMU experiment in more detail.
Published: 2024
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7. Status of the detector setup for the FAMU experiment at RIKEN-RAL for a precision measurement of the Zemach radius of the proton in muonic hydrogen

Author: Rossini, R., Adamczak, A., Bakalov, D., Baldazzi, G., Banfi, S., Baruzzo, M., Benocci, R., Bertoni, R., Bonesini, M., Bonvicini, V., Cabrera, H., Carsi, S., Cirrincione, D., Clemenza, M., Colace, L., Danailov, M. B., Danev, P., de Bari, A., de Vecchi, C., Fasci, E., Gadedjisso-Tossou, K. S., Gaigher, R., Gianfrani, L., Hillier, A. D., Ishida, K., King, P. J. C., Maggi, V., Menegolli, A., Mocchiutti, E., Moretti, L., Morgante, G., Niemela, J., Petroselli, C., Pirri, A., Pizzolotto, C., Prata, M. C., Pullia, A., Pullia, M., Ramponi, R., Rossella, M., Sarkar, R., Sbrizzi, A., Stoilov, M., Suarez-Vargas, J. J., Toci, G., Tortora, L., Vallazza, E. S., Yokoyama, K., and Vacchi, A.
Subjects: Physics - Atomic Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The FAMU experiment at RIKEN-RAL is a muonic atom experiment with the aim to determine the Zemach radius of the proton by measuring the 1s hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen. The activity of the FAMU Collaboration in the years 2015-2023 enabled the final optimisation of the detector-target setup as well as the gas working condition in terms of temperature, pressure and gas mixture composition. The experiment has started its data taking in July 2023. The status of the detector setup for the 2023 experimental runs, for the beam characterisation and muonic X-ray detection in the 100-200 keV energy range, is presented and discussed., Comment: Submitted to JINST
Published: 2023
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8. Gantries for carbon ions

Author: Pullia, M. G., Felcini, E., Benedetto, E., Dassa, L., De Matteis, E., Donetti, M., Frisella, G., Karppinen, M., Kurfurst, C., Mariotto, S., Mereghetti, A., Mirandola, A., Pella, A., Perini, D., Piacentini, L., Pivi, M. T. F., Prioli, M., Ratkus, A., Rossi, L., Sabbatini, L., Savazzi, S., Stock, M., Torims, T., Uberti, S., Valente, R., Vannozzi, A., and Vretenar, M.
Published: 2024
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9. Characterisation of a low-momentum high-rate muon beam monitor for the FAMU experiment at the CNAO-XPR beam facility

Author: Rossini, Riccardo, Benocci, Roberto, Bertoni, Roberto, Bonesini, Maurizio, Carsi, Stefano, Clemenza, Massimiliano, de Bari, Antonio, Donetti, Marco, de Vecchi, Carlo, Menegolli, Alessandro, Mereghetti, Alessio, Mocchiutti, Emiliano, Petroselli, Christian, Prata, Marco Cesare, Pullia, Marco, Raselli, Gian Luca, Rossella, Massimo, Savazzi, Simone, Tortora, Ludovico, and Vallazza, Erik Silvio
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The FAMU experiment aims at an indirect measurement of the Zemach radius of the proton. The measurement is carried out on muonic hydrogen atoms produced through the low-momentum (50-60 MeV/c) muon beam a the RIKEN-RAL negative muon facility. The particle flux plays an important role in this measurement, as it is proportional to the number of muonic hydrogen atoms produced, which is the target of the FAMU experimental method. The beam monitor calibration technique and results, presented here, are meant to extract a reliable estimation of the muon flux during the FAMU data taking. These measurements were carried out at the CNAO synchrotron in Pavia, Italy, using proton beams and supported by Monte Carlo simulation of the detector in Geant4., Comment: Submitted to JINST
Published: 2023
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10. An improved limit on the neutrinoless double-electron capture of $^{36}$Ar with GERDA

Author: GERDA Collaboration, Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G. R., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brudanin, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Kneißl, R., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Korošec, M., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A-K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment operated enriched high-purity germanium detectors in a liquid argon cryostat, which contains 0.33% of $^{36}$Ar, a candidate isotope for the two-neutrino double-electron capture (2$\nu$ECEC) and therefore for the neutrinoless double-electron capture (0$\nu$ECEC). If detected, this process would give evidence of lepton number violation and the Majorana nature of neutrinos. In the radiative 0$\nu$ECEC of $^{36}$Ar, a monochromatic photon is emitted with an energy of 429.88 keV, which may be detected by the GERDA germanium detectors. We searched for the $^{36}$Ar 0$\nu$ECEC with GERDA data, with a total live time of 4.34 yr (3.08 yr accumulated during GERDA Phase II and 1.26 yr during GERDA Phase I). No signal was found and a 90% C.L. lower limit on the half-life of this process was established T$_{1/2}$ > 1.5x10$^{22}$ yr, Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Published: 2023

11. Searches for new physics below twice the electron mass with GERDA

Author: Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Calgaro, S., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Chiu, P.-J., Comellato, T., D’Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Marco, N. Di, Doroshkevich, E., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Marshall, G., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sailer, S., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütz, A-K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Sullivan, S., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., Sturm, K. von, Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Published: 2024
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12. First experimental verification of prompt gamma imaging with carbon ion irradiation

Author: Aicha Bourkadi Idrissi, Giacomo Borghi, Anita Caracciolo, Christian Riboldi, Marco Carminati, Marco Donetti, Marco Pullia, Simone Savazzi, Franco Camera, and Carlo Fiorini
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Prompt Gamma Imaging (PGI) is a promising technique for range verification in Particle Therapy. This technique was already tested in clinical environment with a knife-edge-collimator camera for proton treatments but remains relatively unexplored for Carbon Ion Radiation Therapy (CIRT). Previous FLUKA simulations suggested that PG profile shifts could be detected in CIRT with a precision of $$\sim$$ 4 mm ( $$2 \sigma$$ ) for a particle statistic equal to $$5 \cdot 10^{7}$$ C-ions using a 10 × 10 cm2 camera. An experimental campaign was carried out at CNAO (Pavia, Italy) to verify these results, using a knife-edge-collimator camera prototype based on a 5 × 5 cm2 pixelated LYSO crystal. PG profiles were measured irradiating a plastic phantom with a C-ion pencil beam at clinical energies and intensities, also moving the detector to extend the FOV to 13 × 5 cm2. The prototype detected Bragg-peak shifts with $$\sim$$ 4 mm precision for a statistic of $$\sim 4 \cdot 10^{8}$$ C-ions ( $$3 \cdot 10^{8}$$ for the extended FOV), slightly larger than expected. Nevertheless, the detector demonstrated significant potential for verifying the precision in dose delivery following a treatment fraction, which remains fundamental in the clinical environment. For the first time to our knowledge, range verification based on PGI was applied to a C-ion beam at clinical energy and intensities.
Published: 2024
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13. Final Results of GERDA on the Two-Neutrino Double-$\beta$ Decay Half-Life of $^{76}$Ge

Author: GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G. R., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Calgaro, S., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Chiu, P. -J., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hackenmüller, S., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lehnert, B., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sailer, S., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A. -K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Sullivan, S., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present the measurement of the two-neutrino double-$\beta$ decay rate of $^{76}$Ge performed with the GERDA Phase II experiment. With a subset of the entire GERDA exposure, 11.8 kg$\cdot$yr, the half-life of the process has been determined: $T^{2\nu}_{1/2} = (2.022 \pm 0.018_{stat} \pm 0.038_{sys})\times10^{21}$ yr. This is the most precise determination of the $^{76}$Ge two-neutrino double-$\beta$ decay half-life and one of the most precise measurements of a double-$\beta$ decay process. The relevant nuclear matrix element can be extracted: $M^{2\nu}_{\text{eff}} = (0.101\pm0.001).$, Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2023
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14. Search for tri-nucleon decays of $^{76}$Ge in GERDA

Author: GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Calgaro, S., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Chiu, P. -J., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sailer, S., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A-K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Sullivan, S., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We search for tri-nucleon decays of $^{76}$Ge in the dataset from the GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment. Decays that populate excited levels of the daughter nucleus above the threshold for particle emission lead to disintegration and are not considered. The ppp-, ppn-, and pnn-decays lead to $^{73}$Cu, $^{73}$Zn, and $^{73}$Ga nuclei, respectively. These nuclei are unstable and eventually proceed by the beta decay of $^{73}$Ga to $^{73}$Ge (stable). We search for the $^{73}$Ga decay exploiting the fact that it dominantly populates the 66.7 keV $^{73m}$Ga state with half-life of 0.5 s. The nnn-decays of $^{76}$Ge that proceed via $^{73m}$Ge are also included in our analysis. We find no signal candidate and place a limit on the sum of the decay widths of the inclusive tri-nucleon decays that corresponds to a lower lifetime limit of 1.2x10$^{26}$ yr (90% credible interval). This result improves previous limits for tri-nucleon decays by one to three orders of magnitude., Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables
Published: 2023
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15. First experimental verification of prompt gamma imaging with carbon ion irradiation

Author: Idrissi, Aicha Bourkadi, Borghi, Giacomo, Caracciolo, Anita, Riboldi, Christian, Carminati, Marco, Donetti, Marco, Pullia, Marco, Savazzi, Simone, Camera, Franco, and Fiorini, Carlo
Published: 2024
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16. Crystal channeling investigations at medical synchrotron regimes

Author: Rossi, Roberto, Andreazza, Attilio, Bauce, Matteo, Carbone, Antonio, D’Auria, Saverio, Garattini, Marco, Hall, Geoff, Lari, Tommaso, Mereghetti, Alessio, Pesaresi, Mark, Pullia, Marco, Valente, Paolo, Variola, Alessandro, Zanzottera, Riccardo, and Scandale, Walter
Published: 2024
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17. Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay

Author: Adams, C., Alfonso, K., Andreoiu, C., Angelico, E., Arnquist, I. J., Asaadi, J. A. A., Avignone, F. T., Axani, S. N., Barabash, A. S., Barbeau, P. S., Baudis, L., Bellini, F., Beretta, M., Bhatta, T., Biancacci, V., Biassoni, M., Bossio, E., Breur, P. A., Brodsky, J. P., Brofferio, C., Brown, E., Brugnera, R., Brunner, T., Burlac, N., Caden, E., Calgaro, S., Cao, G. F., Cao, L., Capelli, C., Cardani, L., Fernandez, R. Castillo, Cattadori, C. M., Chana, B., Chernyak, D., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Church, E., Cirigliano, V., Collister, R., Comellato, T., Dalmasson, J., D'Andrea, V., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., Decowski, M. P., Demarteau, M., Peixoto, S. De Meireles, Detwiler, J. A., DeVoe, R. G., Di Domizio, S., Di Marco, N., di Vacri, M. L., Dolinski, M. J., Efremenko, Yu., Elbeltagi, M., Elliott, S. R., Engel, J., Fabris, L., Fairbank, W. M., Farine, J., Febbraro, M., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fields, D. E., Formaggio, J. A., Foust, B. T., Franke, B., Fu, Y., Fujikawa, B. K., Gallacher, D., Gallina, G., Garfagnini, A., Gingras, C., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gold, M., Gornea, R., Grant, C., Gratta, G., Green, M. P., Grinyer, G. F., Gruszko, J., Guan, Y., Guinn, I. S., Guiseppe, V. E., Gutierrez, T. D., Hansen, E. V., Hardy, C. A., Hauptman, J., Heffner, M., Heeger, K. M., Henning, R., Hergert, H., Aguilar, D. Hervas, Hodak, R., Holt, J. D., Hoppe, E. W., Horoi, M., Huang, H. Z., Inoue, K., Jamil, A., Jochum, J., Jones, B. J. P., Kaizer, J., Karapetrov, G., Kharusi, S. Al, Kidd, M. F., Kishimoto, Y., Klein, J. R., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kontul, I., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Krucken, R., Kumar, K. S., Lang, K., Leach, K. G., Lenardo, B. G., Leonhardt, A., Li, A., Li, G., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lindsay, R., Lippi, I., Liu, J., Macko, M., MacLellan, R., Macolino, C., Majidi, S., Mamedov, F., Masbou, J., Massarczyk, R., Mastbaum, A. T., Mayer, D., Mazumdar, A., Mei, D. M., Mei, Y., Meijer, S. J., Mereghetti, E., Mertens, S., Mistry, K., Mitsui, T., Moore, D. C., Morella, M., Nattress, J. T., Neuberger, M., Ngwadla, X. E., Nones, C., Novosad, V., Nygren, D. R., Ondze, J. C. Nzobadila, O'Donnell, T., Gann, G. D. Orebi, Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Ouellet, J. L., Overman, C., Pagani, L., Palusova, V., Para, A., Pavan, M., Perna, A., Pertoldi, L., Pettus, W., Piepke, A., Piseri, P., Pocar, A., Povinec, P., Psihas, F., Pullia, A., Radford, D. C., Ramonnye, G. J, Rasiwala, H., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Richardson, G., Rielage, K., Rogers, L., Rowson, P. C., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Sada, C., Salamanna, G., Salamida, F., Saldanha, R., Salvat, D. J., Sangiorgio, S., Schaper, D. C., Schoenert, S., Schwarz, M., Schwartz, S. E., Shitov, Y., Simkovic, F., Singh, V., Slavickova, M., Sousa, A. C., Spadoni, F. L., Speller, D. H., Stekl, I., Sumathi, R. R., Surukuchi, P. T., Tayloe, R., Tornow, W., Torres, J. A., Totev, T. I., Triambak, S., Tyuka, O. A., Vasilyev, S. I., Velazquez, M., Viel, S., Vogl, C., von Strum, K., Wang, Q., Waters, D., Watkins, S. L., Watts, M., Wei, W. -Z., Welliver, B., Wen, Liangjian, Wichoski, U., Wilde, S., Wilkerson, J. F., Winslow, L., Wiseman, C., Wu, X., Xu, W., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yu, C. H., Zeman, J., Zennamo, J., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: This White Paper, prepared for the Fundamental Symmetries, Neutrons, and Neutrinos Town Meeting related to the 2023 Nuclear Physics Long Range Plan, makes the case for double beta decay as a critical component of the future nuclear physics program. The major experimental collaborations and many theorists have endorsed this white paper., Comment: white paper submitted for the Fundamental Symmetries, Neutrons, and Neutrinos Town Meeting in support of the US Nuclear Physics Long Range Planning Process
Published: 2022

18. Search for $^{22}$Na in novae supported by a novel method for measuring femtosecond nuclear lifetimes

Author: Fougères, C., Santos, F. de Oliveira, José, J., Michelagnoli, C., Clément, E., Kim, Y. H., Lemasson, A., Guimaraes, V., Barrientos, D., Bemmerer, D., Benzoni, G., Boston, A. J., Bottger, R., Boulay, F., Bracco, A., Celikovic, I., Cederwall, B., Ciemala, M., Delafosse, C., Domingo-Pardo, C., Dudouet, J., Eberth, J., Fulop, Z., Gonzalez, V., Goupil, J., Hess, H., Jungclaus, A., Kaskas, A., Korichi, A., Lenzi, S. M., Leoni, S., Li, H., Ljungvall, J., Lopez-Martens, A., Menegazzo, R., Mengoni, D., Million, B., Mrazek, J., Napoli, D. R., Navin, A., Nyberg, J., Podolyak, Zs., Pullia, A., Quintana, B., Ralet, D., Redon, N., Reiter, P., Rezynkina, K., Saillant, F., Salsac, M. D., Sanchez-Benitez, A. M., Sanchis, E., Senyigit, M., Siciliano, M., Smirnova, N. A., Sohler, D., Stanoiu, M., Theisen, Ch., Valiente-Dobon, J. J., Ujic, P., and Zielinska, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: Classical novae are thermonuclear explosions in stellar binary systems, and important sources of $^{26}$Al and $^{22}$Na. While gamma rays from the decay of the former radioisotope have been observed throughout the Galaxy, $^{22}$Na remains untraceable. The half-life of $^{22}$Na (2.6 yr) would allow the observation of its 1.275 MeV gamma-ray line from a cosmic source. However, the prediction of such an observation requires good knowledge of the nuclear reactions involved in the production and destruction of this nucleus. The $^{22}$Na($p,\gamma$)$^{23}$Mg reaction remains the only source of large uncertainty about the amount of $^{22}$Na ejected. Its rate is dominated by a single resonance on the short-lived state at 7785.0(7) keV in $^{23}$Mg. In the present work, a combined analysis of particle-particle correlations and velocity-difference profiles is proposed to measure femtosecond nuclear lifetimes. The application of this novel method to the study of the $^{23}$Mg states, combining magnetic and highly-segmented tracking gamma-ray spectrometers, places strong limits on the amount of $^{22}$Na produced in novae, explains its non-observation to date in gamma rays (flux < 2.5x$10^{-4}$ ph/(cm$^2$s)), and constrains its detectability with future space-borne observatories., Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Published: 2022
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19. Liquid argon light collection and veto modeling in GERDA Phase II

Author: GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G. R., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Calgaro, S., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Chiu, P-J., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lehnert, B., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sailer, S., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A-K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Sullivan, S., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wegmann, A., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The ability to detect liquid argon scintillation light from within a densely packed high-purity germanium detector array allowed the GERDA experiment to reach an exceptionally low background rate in the search for neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{76}$Ge. Proper modeling of the light propagation throughout the experimental setup, from any origin in the liquid argon volume to its eventual detection by the novel light read-out system, provides insight into the rejection capability and is a necessary ingredient to obtain robust background predictions. In this paper, we present a model of the GERDA liquid argon veto, as obtained by Monte Carlo simulations and constrained by calibration data, and highlight its application for background decomposition.
Published: 2022
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20. Search for exotic physics in double-$\beta$ decays with GERDA Phase II

Author: The GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sailer, S., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A. -K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A search for Beyond the Standard Model double-$\beta$ decay modes of $^{76}$Ge has been performed with data collected during the Phase II of the GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment, located at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN (Italy). Improved limits on the decays involving Majorons have been obtained, compared to previous experiments with $^{76}$Ge, with half-life values on the order of 10$^{23}$ yr. For the first time with $^{76}$Ge, limits on Lorentz invariance violation effects in double-$\beta$ decay have been obtained. The isotropic coefficient $\mathring{a}_\text{of}^{(3)}$, which embeds Lorentz violation in double-$\beta$ decay, has been constrained at the order of $10^{-6}$ GeV. We also set the first experimental limits on the search for light exotic fermions in double-$\beta$ decay, including sterile neutrinos.
Published: 2022

21. A novel detector for 4D tracking in particle therapy

Author: Data, E.M., Milian, F. Mas, Abujami, M., Bersani, D., Cerello, P., Donetti, M., Mazinani, M. Fadavi, Ferrero, V., Fiorina, E., Garbolino, S., Hosseini, M. Amin, Olivares, D.M. Montalvan, Pennazio, F., Pullia, M., Ranjbar, S., Werner, J.F., Wheadon, R.J., Vignati, A., Cirio, R., Sacchi, R., and Giordanengo, S.
Published: 2024
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22. The FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation of the magnetic spectrometer of the FOOT experiment

Author: Dong, Y., Valle, S.M., Battistoni, G., Mattei, I., Finck, C., Patera, V., Alexandrov, A., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Argirò, S., Barbanera, M., Bartosik, N., Bisogni, M.G., Boccia, V., Cavanna, F., Cerello, P., Ciarrocchi, E., De Gregorio, A., De Lellis, G., Di Crescenzo, A., Di Ruzza, B., Donetti, M., Durante, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Fiorina, E., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Franciosini, G., Galati, G., Galli, L., Ionica, M., Iuliano, A., Kanxheri, K., Kraan, A.C., La Tessa, C., Lauria, A., Lopez Torres, E., Magi, M., Manna, A., Marafini, M., Massa, M., Massimi, C., Mengarelli, A., Mereghetti, A., Minniti, T., Moggi, A., Montesi, M.C., Morone, M.C., Morrocchi, M., Pastrone, N., Peverini, F., Pennazio, F., Pisanti, C., Placidi, P., Pullia, M., Ramello, L., Reidel, C., Ridolfi, R., Sabatini, L., Salvi, L., Sanelli, C., Sarti, A., Sato, O., Savazzi, S., Scavarda, L., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Servoli, L., Silvestre, G., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Tioukov, V., Tomassini, S., Tommasino, F., Toppi, M., Trigilio, A., Traini, G., Ubaldi, G., Valetti, A., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., Zarrella, R., Zoccoli, A., and Muraro, S.
Published: 2025
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23. Pulse shape analysis in GERDA Phase II

Author: The GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Araujo, G., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bellotti, E., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brudanin, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hiller, R., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirsch, A., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lazzaro, A., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Panas, K., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A. -K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wagner, V., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) collaboration searched for neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay in $^{76}$Ge using isotopically enriched high purity germanium detectors at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso of INFN. After Phase I (2011-2013), the experiment benefited from several upgrades, including an additional active veto based on LAr instrumentation and a significant increase of mass by point-contact germanium detectors that improved the half-life sensitivity of Phase II (2015-2019) by an order of magnitude. At the core of the background mitigation strategy, the analysis of the time profile of individual pulses provides a powerful topological discrimination of signal-like and background-like events. Data from regular $^{228}$Th calibrations and physics data were both considered in the evaluation of the pulse shape discrimination performance. In this work, we describe the various methods applied to the data collected in GERDA Phase II corresponding to an exposure of 103.7 kg$\cdot$yr. These methods suppress the background by a factor of about 5 in the region of interest around Q$_{\beta\beta}$ = 2039 keV, while preserving (81$\pm$3)% of the signal. In addition, an exhaustive list of parameters is provided which were used in the final data analysis.
Published: 2022
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24. Size-Sorted Superheated Nanodroplets for Dosimetry and Range Verification of Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy

Author: Yosra Toumia, Marco Pullia, Fabio Domenici, Alessio Mereghetti, Simone Savazzi, Michele Ferrarini, Angelica Facoetti, and Gaio Paradossi
Subjects: nanodroplets, ultrasound imaging, carbon-ions radiotherapy, dosimetry, range verification, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Nanodroplets have demonstrated potential for the range detection of hadron radiotherapies. Our formulation uses superheated perfluorobutane (C4F10) stabilized by a poly(vinyl-alcohol) shell. High-LET (linear energy transfer) particles vaporize the nanodroplets into echogenic microbubbles. Tailored ultrasound imaging translates the generated echo-contrast into a dose distribution map, enabling beam range retrieval. This work evaluates the response of size-sorted nanodroplets to carbon-ion radiation. We studied how thesize of nanodroplets affects their sensitivity at various beam-doses and energies, as a function of concentration and shell cross-linking. First, we show the physicochemical characterization of size-isolated nanodroplets by differential centrifugation. Then, we report on the irradiations of the nanodroplet samples in tissue-mimicking phantoms. We compared the response of large (≈900 nm) and small (≈400 nm) nanodroplets to different carbon-ions energies and evaluated their dose linearity and concentration detection thresholds by ultrasound imaging. Additionally, we verified the beam range detection accuracy for the nanodroplets samples. All nanodroplets exhibited sensitivity to carbon-ions with high range verification precision. However, smaller nanodroplets required a higher concentration sensitivity threshold. The vaporization yield depends on the carbon-ions energy and dose, which are both related to particle count/spot. These findings confirm the potential of nanodroplets for range detection, with performance depending on nanodroplets’ properties and beam parameters.
Published: 2024
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25. Vaginal Mucosal Melanoma Cell Activation in Response to Photon or Carbon Ion Irradiation

Author: Charalampopoulou, Alexandra, Barcellini, Amelia, Bistika, Margarita, Ivaldi, Giovanni Battista, Lillo, Sara, Magro, Giuseppe, Orlandi, Ester, Pullia, Marco Giuseppe, Ronchi, Sara, De Fatis, Paola Tabarelli, and Facoetti, Angelica
Published: 2024
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26. Narrow resonances in the continuum of the unbound nucleus $^{15}$F

Author: Girard-Alcindor, V., Mercenne, A., Stefan, I., Santos, F. de Oliveira, Michel, N., Płoszajczak, M., Assié, M., Lemasson, A., Clément, E., Flavigny, F., Matta, A., Ramos, D., Rejmund, M., Dudouet, J., Ackermann, D., Adsley, P., Assunção, M., Bastin, B., Beaumel, D., Benzoni, G., Borcea, R., Boston, A. J., Cáceres, L., Cederwall, B., Celikovic, I., Chudoba, V., Ciemala, M., Collado, J., Crespi, F. C. L., D'Agata, G., De France, G., Delaunay, F., Diget, C., Domingo-Pardo, C., Eberth, J., Fougères, C., Franchoo, S., Galtarossa, F., Georgiadou, A., Gibelin, J., Giraud, S., González, V., Goyal, N., Gottardo, A., Goupil, J., Grévy, S., Guimaraes, V., Hammache, F., Harkness-Brennan, L. J., Hess, H., Oliver, D. S. Judson, Kamalou, O., Kameneyero, A., Kiener, J., Korten, W., Koyama, S., Labiche, M., Lalanne, L., Lapoux, V., Leblond, S., Lefevre, A., Lenain, C., Leoni, S., Li, H., Lopez-Martens, A., Maj, A., Matea, I., Menegazzo, R., Mengoni, D., Meyer, A., Million, B., Monteagudo, B., Morfouace, P., Mrazek, J., Niikura, M., Piot, J., Podolyak, Zs., Portail, C., Pullia, A., Quintana, B., Recchia, F., Reiter, P., Rezynkina, K., Roger, T., Rojo, J. S., Rotaru, F., Salsac, M. D., Benítez, A. M. Sánchez, Sanchis, E., Şenyigit, M., de Séréville, N., Siciliano, M., Simpson, J., Sohler, D., Sorlin, O., Stanoiu, M., Stodel, C., Suzuki, D., Theisen, C., Thomas, J. C., Ujic, P., Valiente-Dobón, J. J., and Zielińska, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: The structure of the unbound $^{15}$F nucleus is investigated using the inverse kinematics resonant scattering of a radioactive $^{14}$O beam impinging on a CH$_2$ target. The analysis of $^{1}$H($^{14}$O,p)$^{14}$O and $^{1}$H($^{14}$O,2p)$^{13}$N reactions allowed the confirmation of the previously observed narrow $1/2^{-}$ resonance, near the two-proton decay threshold, and the identification of two new narrow 5/2$^{-}$ and 3/2$^{-}$ resonances. The newly observed levels decay by 1p emission to the ground of $^{14}$O, and by sequential 2p emission to the ground state (g.s.) of $^{13}$N via the $1^-$ resonance of $^{14}$O. Gamow shell model (GSM) analysis of the experimental data suggests that the wave functions of the 5/2$^{-}$ and 3/2$^{-}$ resonances may be collectivized by the continuum coupling to nearby 2p- and 1p- decay channels. The observed excitation function $^{1}$H($^{14}$O,p)$^{14}$O and resonance spectrum in $^{15}$F are well reproduced in the unified framework of the GSM., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2021

27. Evidence for enhanced neutron-proton correlations from the level structure of the $N=Z+1$ nucleus $^{87}_{43}$Tc$^{\ }_{44}$

Author: Liu, X., Cederwall, B., Qi, C., Wyss, R. A., Aktas, Ö., Ertoprak, A., Zhang, W., Clément, E., de France, G., Ralet, D., Gadea, A., Goasduff, A., Jaworski, G., Kuti, I., Nyakó, B. M., Nyberg, J., Palacz, M., Wadsworth, R., Valiente-Dobón, J. J., Al-Azri, H., Nyberg, A. Ataç, Bäck, T., de Angelis, G., Doncel, M., Dudouet, J., Gottardo, A., Jurado, M., Ljungvall, J., Mengoni, D., Napoli, D. R., Petrache, C. M., Sohler, D., Timár, J., Barrientos, D., Bednarczyk, P., Benzoni, G., Birkenbach, B., Boston, A. J., Boston, H. C., Burrows, I., Charles, L., Ciemala, M., Crespi, F. C. L., Cullen, D. M., Désesquelles, P., Domingo-Pardo, C., Eberth, J., Erduran, N., Ertürk, S., González, V., Goupil, J., Hess, H., Huyuk, T., Jungclaus, A., Korten, W., Lemasson, A., Leoni, S., Maj, A., Menegazzo, R., Million, B., Perez-Vidal, R. M., Podolyàk, Zs., Pullia, A., Recchia, F., Reiter, P., Saillant, F., Salsac, M. D., Sanchis, E., Simpson, J., Stezowski, O., Theisen, C., and Zielińska, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: The low-lying excited states in the neutron-deficient $N=Z+1$ nucleus $^{87}_{43}$Tc$^{\ }_{44}$ have been studied via the fusion-evaporation reaction $^{54}$Fe($^{36}$Ar, $2n1p$)$^{87}$Tc at the Grand Acc\'el\'erateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), France. The AGATA spectrometer was used in conjunction with the auxiliary NEDA, Neutron Wall, and DIAMANT detector arrays to measure coincident prompt $\gamma$-rays, neutrons, and charged particles emitted in the reaction. A level scheme of $^{87}$Tc from the (9/2$^{+}_{g.s.}$) state to the (33/2$^{+}_{1}$) state was established based on 6 mutually coincident $\gamma$-ray transitions. The constructed level structure exhibits a rotational behavior with a sharp backbending at $\hbar\omega\approx 0.50$ MeV. A decrease in alignment frequency and increase in alignment sharpness in the odd-mass isotonic chains around $N=44$ is proposed as an effect of the enhanced isoscalar neutron-proton interactions in odd-mass nuclei when approaching the $N=Z$ line.
Published: 2021

28. Monitoring of carbon ion therapeutic beams with thin silicon sensors

Author: Montalvan Olivares, D.M., Marti Villarreal, O.A., Abujami, M., Bersani, D., Camperi, A., Centis Vignali, M., Cirio, R., Data, E., Deut, U., Donetti, M., Ferrero, M., Ferrero, V., Ferro, A., Hosseini, M. Amin, Milian, F. Mas, Mazinani, F., Medina, E., Paternoster, G., Pullia, M., Ranjbar, S., Sola, V., Vignati, A., Sacchi, R., and Giordanengo, S.
Published: 2024
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29. Search for 22Na in novae supported by a novel method for measuring femtosecond nuclear lifetimes

Author: Fougères, Chloé, de Oliveira Santos, François, José, Jordi, Michelagnoli, Caterina, Clément, Emmanuel, Kim, Yung Hee, Lemasson, Antoine, Guimarães, Valdir, Barrientos, Diego, Bemmerer, Daniel, Benzoni, Giovanna, Boston, Andrew J., Böttger, Roman, Boulay, Florent, Bracco, Angela, Čeliković, Igor, Cederwall, Bo, Ciemala, Michał, Delafosse, Clément, Domingo-Pardo, César, Dudouet, Jérémie, Eberth, Jürgen, Fülöp, Zsolt, González, Vicente, Gottardo, Andrea, Goupil, Johan, Hess, Herbert, Jungclaus, Andrea, Kaşkaş, Ayşe, Korichi, Amel, Lenzi, Silvia M., Leoni, Silvia, Li, Hongjie, Ljungvall, Joa, Lopez-Martens, Araceli, Menegazzo, Roberto, Mengoni, Daniele, Million, Benedicte, Mrázek, Jaromír, Napoli, Daniel R., Navin, Alahari, Nyberg, Johan, Podolyák, Zsolt, Pullia, Alberto, Quintana, Begoña, Ralet, Damien, Redon, Nadine, Reiter, Peter, Rezynkina, Kseniia, Saillant, Frédéric, Salsac, Marie-Delphine, Sánchez-Benítez, Angel M., Sanchis, Enrique, Şenyiğit, Menekşe, Siciliano, Marco, Smirnova, Nadezda A., Sohler, Dorottya, Stanoiu, Mihai, Theisen, Christophe, Valiente-Dobón, Jose J., Ujić, Predrag, and Zielińska, Magdalena
Published: 2023
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30. LEGEND-1000 Preconceptual Design Report

Author: LEGEND Collaboration, Abgrall, N., Abt, I., Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Andreoiu, C., Araujo, G. R., Avignone III, F. T., Bae, W., Bakalyarov, A., Balata, M., Bantel, M., Barabanov, I., Barabash, A. S., Barbeau, P. S., Barton, C. J., Barton, P. J., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bernieri, E., Bezrukov, L., Bhimani, K. H., Biancacci, V., Blalock, E., Bolozdynya, A., Borden, S., Bos, B., Bossio, E., Boston, A., Bothe, V., Bouabid, R., Boyd, S., Brugnera, R., Burlac, N., Busch, M., Caldwell, A., Caldwell, T. S., Carney, R., Cattadori, C., Chan, Y. -D., Chernogorov, A., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Clark, M., Cohen, T., Combs, D., Comellato, T., Cooper, R. J., Costa, I. A., D'Andrea, V., Detwiler, J. A., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Dobson, J., Drobizhev, A., Durand, M. R., Edzards, F., Efremenko, Yu., Elliott, S. R., Engelhardt, A., Fajt, L., Faud, N., Febbraro, M. T., Ferella, F., Fields, D. E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Fox, H., Franchi, J., Gala, R., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Geraci, A., Gilbert, C., Gold, M., Gooch, C., Gradwohl, K. P., Green, M. P., Grinyer, G. F., Grobov, A., Gruszko, J., Guinn, I., Guiseppe, V. E., Gurentsov, V., Gurov, Y., Gusev, K., Hacket, B., Hagemann, F., Hakenmüeller, J., Haranczyk, M., Hauertmann, L., Haufe, C. R., Hayward, C., Heffron, B., Henkes, F., Henning, R., Aguilar, D. Hervas, Hinton, J., Hodak, R., Hoffmann, H., Hofmann, W., Hostiuc, A., Huang, J., Hult, M., Mirza, M. Ibrahim, Jochum, J., Jones, R., Judson, D., Junker, M., Kaizer, J., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kidd, M., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kim, I., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kontul, I., Kool, K., Kormos, L. L., Kornoukhov, V. N., Korosec, M., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., López-Castaño, J. M., Lang, K., Laubenstein, M., León, E., Lehnert, B., Leonhardt, A., Li, A., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Liu, X., Liu, J., Loomba, D., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lusardi, N., Müller, Y., Macko, M., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Mamedov, F., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Martin, R. D., Martin, E. L., Massarczyk, R., Mei, D., Meijer, S. J., Mertens, S., Misiaszek, M., Mondragon, E., Morella, M., Morgan, B., Mroz, T., Muenstermann, D., Nave, C. J., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Oli, T. K., Gann, G. Orebi, Othman, G., Palušova, V., Panth, R., Papp, L., Paudel, L. S., Pelczar, K., Perez, J. Perez, Pertoldi, L., Pettus, W., Piseri, P., Poon, A. W. P., Povinec, P., Pullia, A., Radford, D. C., Ramachers, Y. A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Reine, A. L., Riboldi, S., Rielage, K., Rozov, S., Rukhadze, E., Rumyantseva, N., Runge, J., Ruof, N. W., Saakyan, R., Sailer, S., Salamanna, G., Salamida, F., Salvat, D. J., Sandukovsky, V., Schönert, S., Schültz, A., Schütt, M., Schaper, D. C., Schreiner, J., Schulz, O., Schuster, M., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shafiee, M., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shitov, Y., Simgen, H., Simkovic, F., Skorokhvatov, M., Slavickova, M., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Solomon, J. A., Song, G., Starosta, K., Stekl, I., Stommel, M., Stukov, D., Sumathi, R. R., Sweigart, D. A., Szczepaniec, K., Taffarello, L., Tagnani, D., Tayloe, R., Tedeschi, D., Turqueti, M., Varner, R. L., Vasilyev, S., Veresnikova, A., Vetter, K., Vignoli, C., Vogl, C., von Sturm, K., Waters, D., Waters, J. C., Wei, W., Wiesinger, C., Wilkerson, J. F., Willers, M., Wiseman, C., Wojcik, M., Wu, V. H. -S., Xu, W., Yakushev, E., Ye, T., Yu, C. -H., Yumatov, V., Zaretski, N., Zeman, J., Zhitnikov, I., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A. -K., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We propose the construction of LEGEND-1000, the ton-scale Large Enriched Germanium Experiment for Neutrinoless $\beta \beta$ Decay. This international experiment is designed to answer one of the highest priority questions in fundamental physics. It consists of 1000 kg of Ge detectors enriched to more than 90% in the $^{76}$Ge isotope operated in a liquid argon active shield at a deep underground laboratory. By combining the lowest background levels with the best energy resolution in the field, LEGEND-1000 will perform a quasi-background-free search and can make an unambiguous discovery of neutrinoless double-beta decay with just a handful of counts at the decay $Q$ value. The experiment is designed to probe this decay with a 99.7%-CL discovery sensitivity in the $^{76}$Ge half-life of $1.3\times10^{28}$ years, corresponding to an effective Majorana mass upper limit in the range of 9-21 meV, to cover the inverted-ordering neutrino mass scale with 10 yr of live time.
Published: 2021

31. Search for 22Na in novae supported by a novel method for measuring femtosecond nuclear lifetimes

Author: Chloé Fougères, François de Oliveira Santos, Jordi José, Caterina Michelagnoli, Emmanuel Clément, Yung Hee Kim, Antoine Lemasson, Valdir Guimarães, Diego Barrientos, Daniel Bemmerer, Giovanna Benzoni, Andrew J. Boston, Roman Böttger, Florent Boulay, Angela Bracco, Igor Čeliković, Bo Cederwall, Michał Ciemala, Clément Delafosse, César Domingo-Pardo, Jérémie Dudouet, Jürgen Eberth, Zsolt Fülöp, Vicente González, Andrea Gottardo, Johan Goupil, Herbert Hess, Andrea Jungclaus, Ayşe Kaşkaş, Amel Korichi, Silvia M. Lenzi, Silvia Leoni, Hongjie Li, Joa Ljungvall, Araceli Lopez-Martens, Roberto Menegazzo, Daniele Mengoni, Benedicte Million, Jaromír Mrázek, Daniel R. Napoli, Alahari Navin, Johan Nyberg, Zsolt Podolyák, Alberto Pullia, Begoña Quintana, Damien Ralet, Nadine Redon, Peter Reiter, Kseniia Rezynkina, Frédéric Saillant, Marie-Delphine Salsac, Angel M. Sánchez-Benítez, Enrique Sanchis, Menekşe Şenyiğit, Marco Siciliano, Nadezda A. Smirnova, Dorottya Sohler, Mihai Stanoiu, Christophe Theisen, Jose J. Valiente-Dobón, Predrag Ujić, and Magdalena Zielińska
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Abstract Classical novae are thermonuclear explosions in stellar binary systems, and important sources of 26Al and 22Na. While γ rays from the decay of the former radioisotope have been observed throughout the Galaxy, 22Na remains untraceable. Its half-life (2.6 yr) would allow the observation of its 1.275 MeV γ-ray line from a cosmic source. However, the prediction of such an observation requires good knowledge of its nucleosynthesis. The 22Na(p, γ)23Mg reaction remains the only source of large uncertainty about the amount of 22Na ejected. Its rate is dominated by a single resonance on the short-lived state at 7785.0(7) keV in 23Mg. Here, we propose a combined analysis of particle-particle correlations and velocity-difference profiles to measure femtosecond nuclear lifetimes. The application of this method to the study of the 23Mg states, places strong limits on the amount of 22Na produced in novae and constrains its detectability with future space-borne observatories.
Published: 2023
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32. Search for tri-nucleon decays of $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge in GERDA

Author: M. Agostini, A. Alexander, G. Araujo, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Balata, I. Barabanov, L. Baudis, C. Bauer, S. Belogurov, A. Bettini, L. Bezrukov, V. Biancacci, E. Bossio, V. Bothe, R. Brugnera, A. Caldwell, S. Calgaro, C. Cattadori, A. Chernogorov, P.-J. Chiu, T. Comellato, V. D’Andrea, E. V. Demidova, A. Di Giacinto, N. Di Marco, E. Doroshkevich, F. Fischer, M. Fomina, A. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, C. Gooch, P. Grabmayr, V. Gurentsov, K. Gusev, J. Hakenmüller, S. Hemmer, W. Hofmann, M. Hult, L. V. Inzhechik, J. Janicskó Csáthy, J. Jochum, M. Junker, V. Kazalov, Y. Kermaïdic, H. Khushbakht, T. Kihm, K. Kilgus, I. V. Kirpichnikov, A. Klimenko, K. T. Knöpfle, O. Kochetov, V. N. Kornoukhov, P. Krause, V. V. Kuzminov, M. Laubenstein, M. Lindner, I. Lippi, A. Lubashevskiy, B. Lubsandorzhiev, G. Lutter, C. Macolino, B. Majorovits, W. Maneschg, L. Manzanillas, G. Marshall, M. Misiaszek, M. Morella, Y. Müller, I. Nemchenok, M. Neuberger, L. Pandola, K. Pelczar, L. Pertoldi, P. Piseri, A. Pullia, L. Rauscher, M. Redchuk, S. Riboldi, N. Rumyantseva, C. Sada, S. Sailer, F. Salamida, S. Schönert, J. Schreiner, M. Schütt, A.-K. Schütz, O. Schulz, M. Schwarz, B. Schwingenheuer, O. Selivanenko, E. Shevchik, M. Shirchenko, L. Shtembari, H. Simgen, A. Smolnikov, D. Stukov, S. Sullivan, A. A. Vasenko, A. Veresnikova, C. Vignoli, K. von Sturm, T. Wester, C. Wiesinger, M. Wojcik, E. Yanovich, B. Zatschler, I. Zhitnikov, S. V. Zhukov, D. Zinatulina, A. Zschocke, A. J. Zsigmond, K. Zuber, G. Zuzel, and GERDA collaboration
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We search for tri-nucleon decays of $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge in the dataset from the GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment. Decays that populate excited levels of the daughter nucleus above the threshold for particle emission lead to disintegration and are not considered. The ppp-, ppn-, and pnn-decays lead to $$^{73}$$ 73 Cu, $$^{73}$$ 73 Zn, and $$^{73}$$ 73 Ga nuclei, respectively. These nuclei are unstable and eventually proceed by the beta decay of $$^{73}$$ 73 Ga to $$^{73}$$ 73 Ge (stable). We search for the $$^{73}$$ 73 Ga decay exploiting the fact that it dominantly populates the 66.7 keV $$^{73m}$$ 73 m Ga state with half-life of 0.5 s. The nnn-decays of $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge that proceed via $$^{73m}$$ 73 m Ge are also included in our analysis. We find no signal candidate and place a limit on the sum of the decay widths of the inclusive tri-nucleon decays that corresponds to a lower lifetime limit of 1.2 $$\times $$ × 10 $$^{26}$$ 26 yr (90% credible interval). This result improves previous limits for tri-nucleon decays by one to three orders of magnitude.
Published: 2023
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33. Measurement of the muon transfer rate from muonic hydrogen to oxygen in the range 70-336 K

Author: Pizzolotto, C., Sbrizzi, A., Adamczak, A., Bakalov, D., Baldazzi, G., Baruzzo, M., Benocci, R., Bertoni, R., Bonesini, M., Cabrera, H., Cirrincione, D., Clemenza, M., Colace, L., Danailov, M., Danev, P., de Bari, A., De Vecchio, C., De Vincenzi, M., Fasci, E., Fuschino, F., Gadedjisso-Tossou, K. S., Gianfrani, L., Ishida, K., Labanti, C., Maggi, V., Mazza, R., Menegolli, A., Mocchiutti, E., Monzani, S., Moretti, L., Morgante, G., Niemela, J., Pullia, A., Ramponi, R., Rignanese, L. P., Rossella, M., Stoilov, M., Stoychev, L., Suarez-Vargas, J. J., Tortora, L., Vallazza, E., and Vacchi, A.
Subjects: Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract: The first measurement of the temperature dependence of the muon transfer rate from muonic hydrogen to oxygen was performed by the FAMU collaboration in 2016. The results provide evidence that the transfer rate rises with the temperature in the range 104-300 K. This paper presents the results of the experiment done in 2018 to extend the measurements towards lower (70 K) and higher (336 K) temperatures. The 2018 results confirm the temperature dependence of the muon transfer rate observed in 2016 and sets firm ground for comparison with the theoretical predictions.
Published: 2021
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34. Characterization of inverted coaxial $^{76}$Ge detectors in GERDA for future double-$\beta$ decay experiments

Author: GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Araujo, G. R., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bellotti, E., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brudanin, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Kneißl, R., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Moseev, P., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A. -K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay of $^{76}$Ge is searched for with germanium detectors where source and detector of the decay are identical. For the success of future experiments it is important to increase the mass of the detectors. We report here on the characterization and testing of five prototype detectors manufactured in inverted coaxial (IC) geometry from material enriched to 88% in $^{76}$Ge. IC detectors combine the large mass of the traditional semi-coaxial Ge detectors with the superior resolution and pulse shape discrimination power of point contact detectors which exhibited so far much lower mass. Their performance has been found to be satisfactory both when operated in vacuum cryostat and bare in liquid argon within the GERDA setup. The measured resolutions at the Q-value for double-$\beta$ decay of $^{76}$Ge (Q$_{\beta\beta}$ = 2039 keV) are about 2.1 keV full width at half maximum in vacuum cryostat. After 18 months of operation within the ultra-low background environment of the GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment and an accumulated exposure of 8.5 kg$\cdot$yr, the background index after analysis cuts is measured to be $4.9^{+7.3}_{-3.4}\times 10^{-4}$ counts /(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$yr) around Q$_{\beta\beta}$. This work confirms the feasibility of IC detectors for the next-generation experiment LEGEND., Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures, submitted to EPJC
Published: 2021
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35. Calibration of the GERDA experiment

Author: GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Araujo, G. R., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bellotti, E., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brudanin, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hiller, R., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Kneißl, R., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Moseev, P., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A. -K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) collaboration searched for neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay in $^{76}$Ge with an array of about 40 high-purity isotopically-enriched germanium detectors. The experimental signature of the decay is a monoenergetic signal at Q$_{\beta\beta}$ = 2039.061(7)keV in the measured summed energy spectrum of the two emitted electrons. Both the energy reconstruction and resolution of the germanium detectors are crucial to separate a potential signal from various backgrounds, such as neutrino-accompanied double-$\beta$ decays allowed by the Standard Model. The energy resolution and stability were determined and monitored as a function of time using data from regular $^{228}$Th calibrations. In this work, we describe the calibration process and associated data analysis of the full GERDA dataset, tailored to preserve the excellent resolution of the individual germanium detectors when combining data over several years., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2021
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36. Rotatorlike gantry optics

Author: M. Pavlovič, M. T. F. Pivi, I. Strašík, V. Rizzoglio, M. G. Pullia, L. Adler, G. Guidoboni, C. Maderböck, D. Prokopovich, and G. Kowarik
Subjects: Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Rotating gantries are commonly used in ion-therapy facilities to assist and support optimizing the dose distribution delivered to the patient. They are installed at the end of the beamlines and rotated mechanically in the treatment room. In synchrotron-based facilities, the gantries must be able to transport slowly extracted beams with essentially different emittance patterns in the two transverse planes. Such beams will be referred to as the asymmetric beams. A special device called rotator has been proposed as a possible solution. The worldwide first beamline with the rotator has been recently commissioned. The original rotator concept uses an “external” rotator that is a part (a module) of the beamline the gantry is connected to. In this paper, a novel gantry ion-optical concept integrating the rotator optics into the gantry optics is introduced. The first-order gantry transfer matrix satisfies the so-called sigma-matching ion-optical constraints, and—at the same time—it possesses the format of a rotator transfer matrix. The rotator-matching and the sigma-matching principles are combined in the gantry transfer matrix, which means that the sigma-matching gantry acts simultaneously as a rotator without the need for an extra rotator device. In addition, scattering in the gantry nozzle is used to balance the asymmetric beam emittances in the two transverse planes without an additional scattering foil. In this way, the presented ion-optical concept combines all three known matching techniques—the sigma matching, the rotator matching, and the scattering-foil matching—within the gantry beam transport system. Such a beam transport system provides the best matching result and full angular independence of the beam parameters at the gantry isocenter. It also makes it possible to optimize the beam parameters not only at the gantry isocenter but also at the beam monitors located in the gantry nozzle without increasing the number of gantry quadrupoles. There are two possible versions of such gantry optics: the point-to-point and the parallel-to-point optics. They both are presented in this paper. Theoretical calculations are supported by beam transport simulations performed with the winagile code. Feasibility of the newly proposed ion-optical concept is demonstrated on the MedAustron proton gantry. However, it can be applied to any rotating gantry at any ion-therapy facility. The presented design is the first rotatorlike gantry ion-optical concept worldwide.
Published: 2024
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37. Impaired Metacognitive Differentiation, High Difficulty in Controlling Impulses and Non-acceptance of Emotions are Associated With the Severity of Gambling Disorder

Author: Aloi, Matteo, Riccelli, Claudia, Piterà, Francesco, Notaro, Mariarita, Curcio, Vittoria, Pullia, Luigi, Sorrentino, Carla, Audino, Maria Giulia, Carcione, Antonino, Segura-Garcia, Cristina, and De Fazio, Pasquale
Published: 2023
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38. Search for dark photons from Higgs boson decays via ZH production with a photon plus missing transverse momentum signature from pp collisions at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Author: The ATLAS collaboration, G. Aad, B. Abbott, D. C. Abbott, K. Abeling, S. H. Abidi, A. Aboulhorma, H. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, Y. Abulaiti, A. C. Abusleme Hoffman, B. S. Acharya, C. Adam Bourdarios, L. Adamczyk, L. Adamek, S. V. Addepalli, J. Adelman, A. Adiguzel, S. Adorni, T. Adye, A. A. Affolder, Y. Afik, M. N. Agaras, J. Agarwala, A. Aggarwal, C. Agheorghiesei, J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra, A. Ahmad, F. Ahmadov, W. S. Ahmed, S. Ahuja, X. Ai, G. Aielli, M. Ait Tamlihat, B. Aitbenchikh, I. Aizenberg, M. Akbiyik, T. P. A. Åkesson, A. V. Akimov, K. Al Khoury, G. L. Alberghi, J. Albert, P. Albicocco, S. Alderweireldt, M. Aleksa, I. N. Aleksandrov, C. Alexa, T. Alexopoulos, A. Alfonsi, F. Alfonsi, M. Alhroob, B. Ali, S. Ali, M. Aliev, G. Alimonti, W. Alkakhi, C. Allaire, B. M. M. Allbrooke, C. A. Allendes Flores, P. P. Allport, A. Aloisio, F. Alonso, C. Alpigiani, M. Alvarez Estevez, A. Alvarez Fernandez, M. G. Alviggi, M. Aly, Y. Amaral Coutinho, A. Ambler, C. Amelung, M. Amerl, C. G. Ames, D. Amidei, S. P. Amor Dos Santos, K. R. Amos, V. Ananiev, C. Anastopoulos, T. Andeen, J. K. Anders, S. Y. Andrean, A. Andreazza, S. Angelidakis, A. Angerami, A. V. Anisenkov, A. Annovi, C. Antel, M. T. Anthony, E. Antipov, M. Antonelli, D. J. A. Antrim, F. Anulli, M. Aoki, T. Aoki, J. A. Aparisi Pozo, M. A. Aparo, L. Aperio Bella, C. Appelt, N. Aranzabal, V. Araujo Ferraz, C. Arcangeletti, A. T. H. Arce, E. Arena, J-F. Arguin, S. Argyropoulos, J.-H. Arling, A. J. Armbruster, O. Arnaez, H. Arnold, Z. P. Arrubarrena Tame, G. Artoni, H. Asada, K. Asai, S. Asai, N. A. Asbah, J. Assahsah, K. Assamagan, R. Astalos, R. J. Atkin, M. Atkinson, N. B. Atlay, H. Atmani, P. A. Atmasiddha, K. Augsten, S. Auricchio, A. D. Auriol, V. A. Austrup, G. Avner, G. Avolio, K. Axiotis, G. Azuelos, D. Babal, H. Bachacou, K. Bachas, A. Bachiu, F. Backman, A. Badea, P. Bagnaia, M. Bahmani, A. J. Bailey, V. R. Bailey, J. T. Baines, C. Bakalis, O. K. Baker, P. J. Bakker, E. Bakos, D. Bakshi Gupta, S. Balaji, R. Balasubramanian, E. M. Baldin, P. Balek, E. Ballabene, F. Balli, L. M. Baltes, W. K. Balunas, J. Balz, E. Banas, M. Bandieramonte, A. Bandyopadhyay, S. Bansal, L. Barak, E. L. Barberio, D. Barberis, M. Barbero, G. Barbour, K. N. Barends, T. Barillari, M-S. Barisits, T. Barklow, R. M. Barnett, P. Baron, D. A. Baron Moreno, A. Baroncelli, G. Barone, A. J. Barr, L. Barranco Navarro, F. Barreiro, J. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, U. Barron, M. G. Barros Teixeira, S. Barsov, F. Bartels, R. Bartoldus, A. E. Barton, P. Bartos, A. Basalaev, A. Basan, M. Baselga, I. Bashta, A. Bassalat, M. J. Basso, C. R. Basson, R. L. Bates, S. Batlamous, J. R. Batley, B. Batool, M. Battaglia, D. Battulga, M. Bauce, P. Bauer, J. B. Beacham, T. Beau, P. H. Beauchemin, F. Becherer, P. Bechtle, H. P. Beck, K. Becker, A. J. Beddall, V. A. Bednyakov, C. P. Bee, L. J. Beemster, T. A. Beermann, M. Begalli, M. Begel, A. Behera, J. K. Behr, C. Beirao Da Cruz E Silva, J. F. Beirer, F. Beisiegel, M. Belfkir, G. Bella, L. Bellagamba, A. Bellerive, P. Bellos, K. Beloborodov, K. Belotskiy, N. L. Belyaev, D. Benchekroun, F. Bendebba, Y. Benhammou, D. P. Benjamin, M. Benoit, J. R. Bensinger, S. Bentvelsen, L. Beresford, M. Beretta, E. Bergeaas Kuutmann, N. Berger, B. Bergmann, J. Beringer, S. Berlendis, G. Bernardi, C. Bernius, F. U. Bernlochner, T. Berry, P. Berta, A. Berthold, I. A. Bertram, S. Bethke, A. Betti, A. J. Bevan, M. Bhamjee, S. Bhatta, D. S. Bhattacharya, P. Bhattarai, V. S. Bhopatkar, R. Bi, R. M. Bianchi, O. Biebel, R. Bielski, M. Biglietti, T. R. V. Billoud, M. Bindi, A. Bingul, C. Bini, A. Biondini, C. J. Birch-sykes, G. A. Bird, M. Birman, M. Biros, T. Bisanz, E. Bisceglie, D. Biswas, A. Bitadze, K. Bjørke, I. Bloch, C. Blocker, A. Blue, U. Blumenschein, J. Blumenthal, G. J. Bobbink, V. S. Bobrovnikov, M. Boehler, D. Bogavac, A. G. Bogdanchikov, C. Bohm, V. Boisvert, P. Bokan, T. Bold, M. Bomben, M. Bona, M. Boonekamp, C. D. Booth, A. G. Borbély, H. M. Borecka-Bielska, L. S. Borgna, G. Borissov, D. Bortoletto, D. Boscherini, M. Bosman, J. D. Bossio Sola, K. Bouaouda, N. Bouchhar, J. Boudreau, E. V. Bouhova-Thacker, D. Boumediene, R. Bouquet, A. Boveia, J. Boyd, D. Boye, I. R. Boyko, J. Bracinik, N. Brahimi, G. Brandt, O. Brandt, F. Braren, B. Brau, J. E. Brau, K. Brendlinger, R. Brener, L. Brenner, R. Brenner, S. Bressler, D. Britton, D. Britzger, I. Brock, G. Brooijmans, W. K. Brooks, E. Brost, L. M. Brown, T. L. Bruckler, P. A. Bruckman de Renstrom, B. Brüers, D. Bruncko, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, M. Bruschi, N. Bruscino, T. Buanes, Q. Buat, P. Buchholz, A. G. Buckley, I. A. Budagov, M. K. Bugge, O. Bulekov, B. A. Bullard, S. Burdin, C. D. Burgard, A. M. Burger, B. Burghgrave, J. T. P. Burr, C. D. Burton, J. C. Burzynski, E. L. Busch, V. Büscher, P. J. Bussey, J. M. Butler, C. M. Buttar, J. M. Butterworth, W. Buttinger, C. J. Buxo Vazquez, A. R. Buzykaev, G. Cabras, S. Cabrera Urbán, D. Caforio, H. Cai, Y. Cai, V. M. M. Cairo, O. Cakir, N. Calace, P. Calafiura, G. Calderini, P. Calfayan, G. Callea, L. P. Caloba, D. Calvet, S. Calvet, T. P. Calvet, M. Calvetti, R. Camacho Toro, S. Camarda, D. Camarero Munoz, P. Camarri, M. T. Camerlingo, D. Cameron, C. Camincher, M. Campanelli, A. Camplani, V. Canale, A. Canesse, M. Cano Bret, J. Cantero, Y. Cao, F. Capocasa, M. Capua, A. Carbone, R. Cardarelli, J. C. J. Cardenas, F. Cardillo, T. Carli, G. Carlino, J. I. Carlotto, B. T. Carlson, E. M. Carlson, L. Carminati, M. Carnesale, S. Caron, E. Carquin, S. Carrá, G. Carratta, F. Carrio Argos, J. W. S. Carter, T. M. Carter, M. P. Casado, A. F. Casha, E. G. Castiglia, F. L. Castillo, L. Castillo Garcia, V. Castillo Gimenez, N. F. Castro, A. Catinaccio, J. R. Catmore, V. Cavaliere, N. Cavalli, V. Cavasinni, E. Celebi, F. Celli, M. S. Centonze, K. Cerny, A. S. Cerqueira, A. Cerri, L. Cerrito, F. Cerutti, A. Cervelli, G. Cesarini, S. A. Cetin, Z. Chadi, D. Chakraborty, M. Chala, J. Chan, W. Y. Chan, J. D. Chapman, B. Chargeishvili, D. G. Charlton, T. P. Charman, M. Chatterjee, S. Chekanov, S. V. Chekulaev, G. A. Chelkov, A. Chen, B. Chen, H. Chen, J. Chen, S. Chen, S. J. Chen, X. Chen, Y. Chen, C. L. Cheng, H. C. Cheng, S. Cheong, A. Cheplakov, E. Cheremushkina, E. Cherepanova, R. Cherkaoui El Moursli, E. Cheu, K. Cheung, L. Chevalier, V. Chiarella, G. Chiarelli, N. Chiedde, G. Chiodini, A. S. Chisholm, A. Chitan, M. Chitishvili, Y. H. Chiu, M. V. Chizhov, K. Choi, A. R. Chomont, Y. Chou, E. Y. S. Chow, T. Chowdhury, L. D. Christopher, K. L. Chu, M. C. Chu, X. Chu, J. Chudoba, J. J. Chwastowski, D. Cieri, K. M. Ciesla, V. Cindro, A. Ciocio, F. Cirotto, Z. H. Citron, M. Citterio, D. A. Ciubotaru, B. M. Ciungu, A. Clark, P. J. Clark, J. M. Clavijo Columbie, S. E. Clawson, C. Clement, J. Clercx, L. Clissa, Y. Coadou, M. Cobal, A. Coccaro, R. F. Coelho Barrue, R. Coelho Lopes De Sa, S. Coelli, H. Cohen, A. E. C. Coimbra, B. Cole, J. Collot, P. Conde Muiño, M. P. Connell, S. H. Connell, I. A. Connelly, E. I. Conroy, F. Conventi, H. G. Cooke, A. M. Cooper-Sarkar, F. Cormier, L. D. Corpe, M. Corradi, E. E. Corrigan, F. Corriveau, A. Cortes-Gonzalez, M. J. Costa, F. Costanza, D. Costanzo, B. M. Cote, G. Cowan, J. W. Cowley, K. Cranmer, S. Crépé-Renaudin, F. Crescioli, M. Cristinziani, M. Cristoforetti, V. Croft, G. Crosetti, A. Cueto, T. Cuhadar Donszelmann, H. Cui, Z. Cui, W. R. Cunningham, F. Curcio, P. Czodrowski, M. M. Czurylo, M. J. Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa, J. V. Da Fonseca Pinto, C. Da Via, W. Dabrowski, T. Dado, S. Dahbi, T. Dai, C. Dallapiccola, M. Dam, G. D’amen, V. D’Amico, J. Damp, J. R. Dandoy, M. F. Daneri, M. Danninger, V. Dao, G. Darbo, S. Darmora, S. J. Das, S. D’Auria, C. David, T. Davidek, D. R. Davis, B. Davis-Purcell, I. Dawson, K. De, R. De Asmundis, M. De Beurs, N. De Biase, S. De Castro, N. De Groot, P. de Jong, H. De la Torre, A. De Maria, A. De Salvo, U. De Sanctis, A. De Santo, J. B. De Vivie De Regie, D. V. Dedovich, J. Degens, A. M. Deiana, F. Del Corso, J. Del Peso, F. Del Rio, F. Deliot, C. M. Delitzsch, M. Della Pietra, D. Della Volpe, A. Dell’Acqua, L. Dell’Asta, M. Delmastro, P. A. Delsart, S. Demers, M. Demichev, S. P. Denisov, L. D’Eramo, D. Derendarz, F. Derue, P. Dervan, K. Desch, K. Dette, C. Deutsch, F. A. Di Bello, A. Di Ciaccio, L. Di Ciaccio, A. Di Domenico, C. Di Donato, A. Di Girolamo, G. Di Gregorio, A. Di Luca, B. Di Micco, R. Di Nardo, C. Diaconu, F. A. Dias, T. Dias Do Vale, M. A. Diaz, F. G. Diaz Capriles, M. Didenko, E. B. Diehl, L. Diehl, S. Díez Cornell, C. Diez Pardos, C. Dimitriadi, A. Dimitrievska, J. Dingfelder, I-M. Dinu, S. J. Dittmeier, F. Dittus, F. Djama, T. Djobava, J. I. Djuvsland, C. Doglioni, J. Dolejsi, Z. Dolezal, M. Donadelli, B. Dong, J. Donini, A. D’Onofrio, M. D’Onofrio, J. Dopke, A. Doria, M. T. Dova, A. T. Doyle, M. A. Draguet, E. Drechsler, E. Dreyer, I. Drivas-koulouris, A. S. Drobac, M. Drozdova, D. Du, T. A. du Pree, F. Dubinin, M. Dubovsky, E. Duchovni, G. Duckeck, O. A. Ducu, D. Duda, A. Dudarev, E. R. Duden, M. D’uffizi, L. Duflot, M. Dührssen, C. Dülsen, A. E. Dumitriu, M. Dunford, S. Dungs, K. Dunne, A. Duperrin, H. Duran Yildiz, M. Düren, A. Durglishvili, B. L. Dwyer, G. I. Dyckes, M. Dyndal, S. Dysch, B. S. Dziedzic, Z. O. Earnshaw, B. Eckerova, S. Eggebrecht, M. G. Eggleston, E. Egidio Purcino De Souza, L. F. Ehrke, G. Eigen, K. Einsweiler, T. Ekelof, P. A. Ekman, Y. El Ghazali, H. El Jarrari, A. El Moussaouy, V. Ellajosyula, M. Ellert, F. Ellinghaus, A. A. Elliot, N. Ellis, J. Elmsheuser, M. Elsing, D. Emeliyanov, A. Emerman, Y. Enari, I. Ene, S. Epari, J. Erdmann, P. A. Erland, M. Errenst, M. Escalier, C. Escobar, E. Etzion, G. Evans, H. Evans, M. O. Evans, A. Ezhilov, S. Ezzarqtouni, F. Fabbri, L. Fabbri, G. Facini, V. Fadeyev, R. M. Fakhrutdinov, S. Falciano, L. F. Falda Ulhoa Coelho, P. J. Falke, S. Falke, J. Faltova, Y. Fan, Y. Fang, G. Fanourakis, M. Fanti, M. Faraj, Z. Farazpay, A. Farbin, A. Farilla, T. Farooque, S. M. Farrington, F. Fassi, D. Fassouliotis, M. Faucci Giannelli, W. J. Fawcett, L. Fayard, P. Federic, P. Federicova, O. L. Fedin, G. Fedotov, M. Feickert, L. Feligioni, A. Fell, D. E. Fellers, C. Feng, M. Feng, Z. Feng, M. J. Fenton, A. B. Fenyuk, L. Ferencz, R. A. M. Ferguson, S. I. Fernandez Luengo, J. Ferrando, A. Ferrari, P. Ferrari, R. Ferrari, D. Ferrere, C. Ferretti, F. Fiedler, A. Filipčič, E. K. Filmer, F. Filthaut, M. C. N. Fiolhais, L. Fiorini, F. Fischer, W. C. Fisher, T. Fitschen, I. Fleck, P. Fleischmann, T. Flick, L. Flores, M. Flores, L. R. Flores Castillo, F. M. Follega, N. Fomin, J. H. Foo, B. C. Forland, A. Formica, A. C. Forti, E. Fortin, A. W. Fortman, M. G. Foti, L. Fountas, D. Fournier, H. Fox, P. Francavilla, S. Francescato, S. Franchellucci, M. Franchini, S. Franchino, D. Francis, L. Franco, L. Franconi, M. Franklin, G. Frattari, A. C. Freegard, P. M. Freeman, W. S. Freund, N. Fritzsche, A. Froch, D. Froidevaux, J. A. Frost, Y. Fu, M. Fujimoto, E. Fullana Torregrosa, J. Fuster, A. Gabrielli, P. Gadow, G. 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Staroba, P. Starovoitov, S. Stärz, R. Staszewski, G. Stavropoulos, J. Steentoft, P. Steinberg, A. L. Steinhebel, B. Stelzer, H. J. Stelzer, O. Stelzer-Chilton, H. Stenzel, T. J. Stevenson, G. A. Stewart, M. C. Stockton, G. Stoicea, M. Stolarski, S. Stonjek, A. Straessner, J. Strandberg, S. Strandberg, M. Strauss, T. Strebler, P. Strizenec, R. Ströhmer, D. M. Strom, L. R. Strom, R. Stroynowski, A. Strubig, S. A. Stucci, B. Stugu, J. Stupak, N. A. Styles, D. Su, S. Su, W. Su, X. Su, K. Sugizaki, V. V. Sulin, M. J. Sullivan, D. M. S. Sultan, L. Sultanaliyeva, S. Sultansoy, T. Sumida, S. Sun, O. Sunneborn Gudnadottir, M. R. Sutton, M. Svatos, M. Swiatlowski, T. Swirski, I. Sykora, M. Sykora, T. Sykora, D. Ta, K. Tackmann, A. Taffard, R. Tafirout, J. S. Tafoya Vargas, R. H. M. Taibah, R. Takashima, K. Takeda, E. P. Takeva, Y. Takubo, M. Talby, A. A. Talyshev, K. C. Tam, N. M. Tamir, A. Tanaka, J. Tanaka, R. Tanaka, M. Tanasini, J. Tang, D. Tantucci, Z. Tao, S. Tapia Araya, S. Tapprogge, A. Tarek Abouelfadl Mohamed, S. Tarem, K. Tariq, G. Tarna, G. F. Tartarelli, P. Tas, M. Tasevsky, E. Tassi, A. C. Tate, G. Tateno, Y. Tayalati, G. N. Taylor, W. Taylor, H. Teagle, A. S. Tee, R. Teixeira De Lima, P. Teixeira-Dias, J. J. Teoh, K. Terashi, J. Terron, S. Terzo, M. Testa, R. J. Teuscher, A. Thaler, O. Theiner, N. Themistokleous, T. Theveneaux-Pelzer, O. Thielmann, D. W. Thomas, J. P. Thomas, E. A. Thompson, P. D. Thompson, E. Thomson, E. J. Thorpe, Y. Tian, V. Tikhomirov, Yu. A. Tikhonov, S. Timoshenko, E. X. L. Ting, P. Tipton, S. Tisserant, S. H. Tlou, A. Tnourji, K. Todome, S. Todorova-Nova, S. Todt, M. Togawa, J. Tojo, S. Tokár, K. Tokushuku, O. Toldaiev, R. Tombs, M. Tomoto, L. Tompkins, K. W. Topolnicki, P. Tornambe, E. Torrence, H. Torres, E. Torró Pastor, M. Toscani, C. Tosciri, M. Tost, D. R. Tovey, A. Traeet, I. S. Trandafir, T. Trefzger, A. Tricoli, I. M. Trigger, S. Trincaz-Duvoid, D. A. Trischuk, B. Trocmé, C. Troncon, L. Truong, M. Trzebinski, A. Trzupek, F. Tsai, M. Tsai, A. Tsiamis, P. V. Tsiareshka, S. Tsigaridas, A. Tsirigotis, V. Tsiskaridze, E. G. Tskhadadze, M. Tsopoulou, Y. Tsujikawa, I. I. Tsukerman, V. Tsulaia, S. Tsuno, O. Tsur, D. Tsybychev, Y. Tu, A. Tudorache, V. Tudorache, A. N. Tuna, S. Turchikhin, I. Turk Cakir, R. Turra, T. Turtuvshin, P. M. Tuts, S. Tzamarias, P. Tzanis, E. Tzovara, K. Uchida, F. Ukegawa, P. A. Ulloa Poblete, E. N. Umaka, G. Unal, M. Unal, A. Undrus, G. Unel, J. Urban, P. Urquijo, G. Usai, R. Ushioda, M. Usman, Z. Uysal, L. Vacavant, V. Vacek, B. Vachon, K. O. H. Vadla, T. Vafeiadis, A. Vaitkus, C. Valderanis, E. Valdes Santurio, M. Valente, S. Valentinetti, A. Valero, A. Vallier, J. A. Valls Ferrer, D. R. Van Arneman, T. R. Van Daalen, P. Van Gemmeren, M. Van Rijnbach, S. Van Stroud, I. Van Vulpen, M. Vanadia, W. Vandelli, M. Vandenbroucke, E. R. Vandewall, D. Vannicola, L. Vannoli, R. Vari, E. W. Varnes, C. Varni, T. Varol, D. Varouchas, L. Varriale, K. E. Varvell, M. E. Vasile, L. Vaslin, G. A. Vasquez, F. Vazeille, T. Vazquez Schroeder, J. Veatch, V. Vecchio, M. J. Veen, I. Veliscek, L. M. Veloce, F. Veloso, S. Veneziano, A. Ventura, A. Verbytskyi, M. Verducci, C. Vergis, M. Verissimo De Araujo, W. Verkerke, J. C. Vermeulen, C. Vernieri, P. J. Verschuuren, M. Vessella, M. C. Vetterli, A. Vgenopoulos, N. Viaux Maira, T. Vickey, O. E. Vickey Boeriu, G. H. A. Viehhauser, L. Vigani, M. Vigl, M. Villa, M. Villaplana Perez, E. M. Villhauer, E. Vilucchi, M. G. Vincter, G. S. Virdee, A. Vishwakarma, C. Vittori, I. Vivarelli, V. Vladimirov, E. Voevodina, F. Vogel, P. Vokac, J. Von Ahnen, E. Von Toerne, B. Vormwald, V. Vorobel, K. Vorobev, M. Vos, K. Voss, J. H. Vossebeld, M. Vozak, L. Vozdecky, N. Vranjes, M. Vranjes Milosavljevic, M. Vreeswijk, R. Vuillermet, O. Vujinovic, I. Vukotic, S. Wada, C. Wagner, J. M. Wagner, W. Wagner, S. Wahdan, H. Wahlberg, R. Wakasa, M. Wakida, V. M. Walbrecht, J. Walder, R. Walker, W. Walkowiak, A. M. Wang, A. Z. Wang, C. Wang, H. Wang, J. Wang, R.-J. Wang, R. Wang, S. M. Wang, S. Wang, T. Wang, W. T. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, R. J. Ward, N. Warrack, A. T. Watson, H. Watson, M. F. Watson, G. Watts, B. M. Waugh, A. F. Webb, C. Weber, H. A. Weber, M. S. Weber, S. M. Weber, C. Wei, Y. Wei, A. R. Weidberg, E. J. Weik, J. Weingarten, M. Weirich, C. Weiser, C. J. Wells, T. Wenaus, B. Wendland, T. Wengler, N. S. Wenke, N. Wermes, M. Wessels, K. Whalen, A. M. Wharton, A. S. White, A. White, M. J. White, D. Whiteson, L. Wickremasinghe, W. Wiedenmann, C. Wiel, M. Wielers, C. Wiglesworth, L. A. M. Wiik-Fuchs, D. J. Wilbern, H. G. Wilkens, D. M. Williams, H. H. Williams, S. Williams, S. Willocq, P. J. Windischhofer, F. Winklmeier, B. T. Winter, J. K. Winter, M. Wittgen, M. Wobisch, R. Wölker, J. Wollrath, M. W. Wolter, H. Wolters, V. W. S. Wong, A. F. Wongel, S. D. Worm, B. K. Wosiek, K. W. Woźniak, K. Wraight, J. Wu, M. Wu, S. L. Wu, X. Wu, Y. Wu, Z. Wu, J. Wuerzinger, T. R. Wyatt, B. M. Wynne, S. Xella, L. Xia, M. Xia, J. Xiang, X. Xiao, M. Xie, X. Xie, S. Xin, J. Xiong, I. Xiotidis, D. Xu, H. Xu, L. Xu, R. Xu, T. Xu, W. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, B. Yabsley, S. Yacoob, N. Yamaguchi, Y. Yamaguchi, H. Yamauchi, T. Yamazaki, Y. Yamazaki, J. Yan, S. Yan, Z. Yan, H. J. Yang, H. T. Yang, S. Yang, T. Yang, X. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Yang, W-M. Yao, Y. C. Yap, H. Ye, J. Ye, S. Ye, X. Ye, Y. Yeh, I. Yeletskikh, B. K. Yeo, M. R. Yexley, P. Yin, K. Yorita, S. Younas, C. J. S. Young, C. Young, Y. Yu, M. Yuan, R. Yuan, L. Yue, X. Yue, M. Zaazoua, B. Zabinski, E. Zaid, T. Zakareishvili, N. Zakharchuk, S. Zambito, J. A. Zamora Saa, J. Zang, D. Zanzi, O. Zaplatilek, S. V. Zeißner, C. Zeitnitz, J. C. Zeng, D. T. Zenger, O. Zenin, T. Ženiš, S. Zenz, S. Zerradi, D. Zerwas, M. Zhai, B. Zhang, D. F. Zhang, J. Zhang, K. Zhang, L. Zhang, P. Zhang, R. Zhang, S. Zhang, T. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. Zhang, H. Zhao, P. Zhao, T. Zhao, Y. Zhao, Z. Zhao, A. Zhemchugov, X. Zheng, Z. Zheng, D. Zhong, B. Zhou, C. Zhou, H. Zhou, N. Zhou, Y. Zhou, C. G. Zhu, C. Zhu, H. L. Zhu, J. Zhu, Y. Zhu, X. Zhuang, K. Zhukov, V. Zhulanov, N. I. Zimine, J. Zinsser, M. Ziolkowski, L. Živković, A. Zoccoli, K. Zoch, T. G. Zorbas, O. Zormpa, W. Zou, and L. Zwalinski
Subjects: Hadron-Hadron Scattering, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract This paper describes a search for dark photons (γ d ) in proton-proton collisions at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The dark photons are searched for in the decay of Higgs bosons (H → γγ d ) produced through the ZH production mode. The transverse mass of the system, made of the photon and the missing transverse momentum from the non-interacting γ d , presents a distinctive signature as it peaks near the Higgs boson mass. The results presented use the total Run-2 integrated luminosity of 139 fb −1 recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The dominant reducible background processes are estimated using data-driven techniques. A Boosted Decision Tree technique is adopted to enhance the sensitivity of the search. As no excess is observed with respect to the Standard Model prediction, an observed (expected) upper limit on the branching ratio BR(H → γγ d ) of 2.28% ( 2.82 − 0.84 + 1.33 % $$ {2.82}_{-0.84}^{+1.33}\% $$ ) is set at 95% CL for massless γ d . For massive dark photons up to 40 GeV, the observed (expected) upper limits on BR(H → γγ d ) at 95% confidence level is found within the [2.19,2.52]% ([2.71,3.11]%) range.
Published: 2023
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39. Charge identification of fragments produced in 16O beam interactions at 200 MeV/n and 400 MeV/n on C and C2H4 targets

Author: G. Galati, V. Boccia, A. Alexandrov, B. Alpat, G. Ambrosi, S. Argirò, M. Barbanera, N. Bartosik, G. Battistoni, M. G. Bisogni, G. Bruni, F. Cavanna, P. Cerello, E. Ciarrocchi, S. Colombi, A. De Gregorio, G. De Lellis, A. Di Crescenzo, B. Di Ruzza, M. Donetti, Y. Dong, M. Durante, R. Faccini, V. Ferrero, C. Finck, E. Fiorina, M. Francesconi, M. Franchini, G. Franciosini, L. Galli, M. Ionica, A. Iuliano, K. Kanxheri, A. C. Kraan, C. La Tessa, A. Lauria, E. Lopez Torres, M. Magi, A. Manna, M. Marafini, M. Massa, C. Massimi, I. Mattei, A. Mengarelli, A. Mereghetti, T. Minniti, A. Moggi, M. C. Morone, M. Morrocchi, S. Muraro, N. Pastrone, V. Patera, F. Pennazio, F. Peverini, P. Placidi, M. Pullia, L. Ramello, C. Reidel, R. Ridolfi, L. Salvi, C. Sanelli, A. Sarti, O. Sato, S. Savazzi, L. Scavarda, A. Schiavi, C. Schuy, E. Scifoni, A. Sciubba, L. Servoli, G. Silvestre, M. Sitta, R. Spighi, E. Spiriti, V. Tioukov, S. Tomassini, F. Tommasino, M. Toppi, G. Traini, A. Trigilio, G. Ubaldi, A. Valetti, M. Vanstalle, M. Villa, U. Weber, R. Zarrella, A. Zoccoli, and M. C. Montesi
Subjects: particle therapy, fragmentation, cross sections, nuclear emulsion detector, protons RBE, charge measurement, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Introduction: Charged Particle Therapy plays a key role in the treatment of deep-seated tumours, because of the advantageous energy deposition culminating in the Bragg peak. However, knowledge of the dose delivered in the entrance channel is limited by the lack of data on the beam and fragmentation of the target.Methods: The FOOT experiment has been designed to measure the cross sections of the nuclear fragmentation of projectile and target with two different detectors: an electronic setup for the identification of Z ≥ 3 fragments and a nuclear emulsion spectrometer for Z ≤ 3 fragments. In this paper, we analyze the data taken by exposing four nuclear emulsion spectrometers, with C and C2H4 targets, to 200 MeV/n and 400 MeV/n oxygen beams at GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung (Darmstadt, Germany), and we report the charge identification of produced fragments based on the controlled fading induced on nuclear emulsion films.Results: The goal of identifying fragments as heavy as lithium has been achieved.Discussion: The results will contribute to a better understanding of the nuclear fragmentation process in charged particle therapy and have implications for refining treatment planning in the presence of deep-seated tumors.
Published: 2024
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40. 40 Gbps Readout interface STARE for the AGATA Project

Author: Karkour, N., Alaphilippe, V., Collado, J., Dosme, N., Gibelin, L., Gonzalez, V., Grave, X., Jacob, J., Lafay, X., Legay, E., Linget, D., Pullia, A., Quenez, M., Sidler, D., Tessier, N., and Vinther-Jorgensen, G.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The Advanced GAmma Tracking Array (AGATA) multi detector spectrometer will provide precise information for the study of the properties of the exotic nuclear matter (very unbalanced proton (Z) and neutron (N) numbers) along proton- and neutron- drip lines and of super-heavy nuclei. This is done using the latest technology of particle accelerators. The AGATA spectrometer consists of 180 high purity Germanium detectors. Each detector is segmented into 38 segments. The very harsh project requirements are to measure gamma ray energies with very high resolution (< 1x 10 -3) at a high detector counting rate (50 Kevents / sec / crystal). This results in a very high data transfer rate per crystal (5 to 8 Gbps). The 38 segments are sampled @ 100 MHz with 14 bits of resolution. The samples are continuously transferred to the CAP module which reduces the data rate from 64 Gbps to 5 Gbps. The CAP module also adds continuous monitoring data which results in total outgoing data rate of 10 Gbps. The STARE module is designed to fit between the CAP module and the computer farm. It will package the data from the CAP module and transmit it to the server farm using a 10 Gbps UDP connection with a delivery insurance mechanism implemented to ensure that all data is transferred.
Published: 2020
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41. The FragmentatiOn Of Target Experiment (FOOT) and its DAQ system

Author: Biondi, Silvia, Alexandrov, Andrey, Alpat, Behcet, Ambrosi, Giovanni, Argirò, Stefano, Diaz, Rau Arteche, Bartosik, Nazarm, Battistoni, Giuseppe, Belcari, Nicola, Bellinzona, Elettra, Bisogni, Maria Giuseppina, Bruni, Graziano, Carra, Pietro, Cerello, Piergiorgio, Ciarrocchi, Esther, Clozza, Alberto, Colombi, Sofia, De Lellis, Giovanni, Del Guerra, Alberto, De Simoni, Micol, Di Crescenzo, Antonia, Di Ruzza, Benedetto, Donetti, Marco, Dong, Yunsheng, Durante, Marco, Ferrero, Veronica, Fiandrini, Emanuele, Finck, Christian, Fiorina, Elisa, Fischetti, Marta, Francesconi, Marco, Franchini, Matteo, Franciosini, Gaia, Galati, Giuliana, Galli, Luca, Gentile, Valerio, Giraudo, Giuseppe, Hetzel, Ronja, Iarocci, Enzo, Ionica, Maria, Kanxheri, Keida, Kraan, Aafke Christine, La Tessa, Chiara, Laurenza, Martina, Lauria, Adele, Torres, Ernesto Lopez, Marafini, Michela, Massimi, Cristian, Mattei, Ilaria, Mengarelli, Alberto, Moggi, Andrea, Montesi, Maria Cristina, Morone, Maria Cristina, Morrocchi, Matteo, Muraro, Silvia, Narici, Livio, Pastore, Alessandra, Pastrone, Nadia, Patera, Vincenzo, Pennazio, Francesco, Placidi, Pisana, Pullia, Marco, Raffaelli, Fabrizio, Ramello, Luciano, Ridolfi, Riccardo, Rosso, Valeria, Sanelli, Claudio, Sarti, Alessio, Sartorelli, Gabriella, Sato, Osamu, Savazzi, Simone, Scavarda, Lorenzo, Schiavi, Angelo, Schuy, Christoph, Scifoni, Emanuele, Sciubba, Adalberto, Sécher, Alexandre, Selvi, Marco, Servoli, Leonello, Silvestre, Gianluigi, Sitta, Mario, Spiriti, Eleuterio, Sportelli, Giancarlo, Stahl, Achim, Tomassini, Sandro, Tommasino, Francesco, Toppi, Marco, Traini, Giacomo, Valeri, Tioukov, Valle, Serena Marta, Vanstalle, Marie, Weber, Ulrich, Zoccoli, Antonio, Spighi, Roberto, and Villa, Mauro
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The FragmentatiOn Of Target (FOOT) experiment aims to provide precise nuclear cross-section measurements for two different fields: hadrontherapy and radio-protection in space. The main reason is the important role the nuclear fragmentation process plays in both fields, where the health risks caused by radiation are very similar and mainly attributable to the fragmentation process. The FOOT experiment has been developed in such a way that the experimental setup is easily movable and fits the space limitations of the experimental and treatment rooms available in hadrontherapy treatment centers, where most of the data takings are carried out. The Trigger and Data Acquisition system needs to follow the same criteria and it should work in different laboratories and in different conditions. It has been designed to acquire the largest sample size with high accuracy in a controlled and online-monitored environment. The data collected are processed in real-time for quality assessment and are available to the DAQ crew and detector experts during data taking.
Published: 2020

42. Final Results of GERDA on the Search for Neutrinoless Double-$\beta$ Decay

Author: GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Araujo, G. R., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bellotti, E., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Borowicz, D., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brudanin, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hiller, R., Hofmann, W., Huang, J., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Kneißl, R., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lazzaro, A., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Moseev, P., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Panas, K., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A. -K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment searched for the lepton-number-violating neutrinoless double-$\beta$ ($0\nu\beta\beta$) decay of $^{76}$Ge, whose discovery would have far-reaching implications in cosmology and particle physics. By operating bare germanium diodes, enriched in $^{76}$Ge, in an active liquid argon shield, GERDA achieved an unprecedently low background index of $5.2\times10^{-4}$ counts/(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$yr) in the signal region and met the design goal to collect an exposure of 100 kg$\cdot$yr in a background-free regime. When combined with the result of Phase I, no signal is observed after 127.2 kg$\cdot$yr of total exposure. A limit on the half-life of $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay in $^{76}$Ge is set at $T_{1/2}>1.8\times10^{26}$ yr at 90% C.L., which coincides with the sensitivity assuming no signal., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters
Published: 2020
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43. The first search for bosonic super-WIMPs with masses up to 1 MeV/c$^2$ with GERDA

Author: GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bellotti, E., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Borowicz, D., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brudanin, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Egorov, V., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hiller, R., Hofmann, W., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Kneißl, R., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lazzaro, A., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Moseev, P., Nemchenok, I., Panas, K., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Rauscher, L., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A-K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., and Zuzel, K. Zuber G.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present the first search for bosonic super-WIMPs as keV-scale dark matter candidates performed with the GERDA experiment. GERDA is a neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment which operates high-purity germanium detectors enriched in $^{76}$Ge in an ultra-low background environment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of INFN in Italy. Searches were performed for pseudoscalar and vector particles in the mass region from 60 keV/c$^2$ to 1 MeV/c$^2$. No evidence for a dark matter signal was observed, and the most stringent constraints on the couplings of super-WIMPs with masses above 120 keV/c$^2$ have been set. As an example, at a mass of 150 keV/c$^2$ the most stringent direct limits on the dimensionless couplings of axion-like particles and dark photons to electrons of $g_{ae} < 3 \cdot 10^{-12}$ and ${\alpha'}/{\alpha} < 6.5 \cdot 10^{-24}$ at 90% credible interval, respectively, were obtained., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters, added list of authors, updated ref. [21]
Published: 2020
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44. Beam test characterisation of a Plastic Scintillator Prototype for the space-based cosmic ray experiment HERD

Author: Cattaneo, P. W., Pullia, M., Prata, M. C., Rappoldi, A., and Rossella, M.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detector (HERD) facility is planned to go onboard China's Space Station, planned to be operational starting in around 2025 for about 10 years. The main scientific objectives of HERD are the search for signals of dark matter annihilation products, precise cosmic electron/positron spectrum and measurements of anisotropy up to 10 TeV, precise cosmic ray spectrum and composition measurements up to the knee energy (1 PeV), and high energy $\gamma$-ray monitoring and survey. HERD consists of a 3D cubic crystals calorimeter (CALO) surrounded by microstrip silicon trackers (STKs) and scintillating fiber trackers (FIT) and by a Plastic Scintillator Detector (PSD) for $\gamma$-ray veto and ion charge measurement. A PSD prototype consisting of a scintillator tile readout by two arrays of SiPMs on opposite sides has been tested with proton and C ion beam at the CNAO (Centro Nazionale Adroterapia Oncologica) in Pavia, (Italy). Preliminary results on charge resolution are presented.
Published: 2020
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45. Testing ab initio nuclear structure in neutron-rich nuclei: lifetime measurements of second 2+ states in 16C and 20O

Author: Ciemala, M., Ziliani, S., Crespi, F. C. L., Leoni, S., Fornal, B., Maj, A., Bednarczyk, P., Benzoni, G., Bracco, A., Boiano, C., Bottoni, S., Brambilla, S., Bast, M., Beckers, M., Braunroth, T., Camera, F., Cieplicka-Orynczak, N., Clement, E., Coelli, S., Dorvaux, O., Erturk, S., de France, G., Fransen, C., Goldkuhle, A., Grebosz, J., Harakeh, M. N., Iskra, L. W., Jacquot, B., Karpov, A., Kicinska-Habior, M., Kim, Y., Kmiecik, M., Lemasson, A., Lenzi, S. M., Lewitowicz, M., Li, H., Matea, I., Mazurek, K., Michelagnoli, C., Matejska-Minda, M., Million, B., Muller-Gatermann, C., Nanal, V., Napiorkowski, P., Napoli, D. R., Palit, R., Rejmund, M., Schmitt, Ch., Stanoiu, M., Stefan, I., Vardaci, E., Wasilewska, B., Wieland, O., Zieblinski, M., Zielinska, M., Atac, A., Barrientos, D., Birkenbach, B., Boston, A. J., Cederwall, B., Charles, L., Collado, J., Cullen, D. M., Desesquelles, P., Domingo-Pardo, C., Dudouet, J., Eberth, J., Gonzalez, V., Goupil, J., Harkness-Brennan, L. J., Hess, H., Judson, D. S., Jungclaus, A., Korten, W., Labiche, M., Lefevre, A., Menegazzo, R., Mengoni, D., Nyberg, J., Perez-Vidal, R. M., Podolyak, Zs., Pullia, A., Recchia, F., Reiter, P., Saillant, F., Salsac, M. D., Sanchis, E., Stezowski, O., Theisen, Ch., Valiente-Dobon, J. J., Holt, J. D., Menendez, J., Schwenk, A., and Simonis, J.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: To test the predictive power of ab initio nuclear structure theory, the lifetime of the second 2+ state in neutron-rich 20O, tau(2+_2 ) = 150(+80-30) fs, and an estimate for the lifetime of the second 2+ state in 16C have been obtained, for the first time. The results were achieved via a novel Monte Carlo technique that allowed us to measure nuclear state lifetimes in the tens-to-hundreds femtoseconds range, by analyzing the Doppler-shifted gamma-transition line shapes of products of low-energy transfer and deep-inelastic processes in the reaction 18O (7.0 MeV/u) + 181Ta. The requested sensitivity could only be reached owing to the excellent performances of the AGATA gamma-tracking array, coupled to the PARIS scintillator array and to the VAMOS++ magnetic spectrometer. The experimental lifetimes agree with predictions of ab initio calculations using two- and three-nucleon interactions, obtained with the valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group for 20O, and with the no-core shell model for 16C. The present measurement shows the power of electromagnetic observables, determined with high-precision gamma spectroscopy, to assess the quality of first-principles nuclear structure calculations, complementing common benchmarks based on nuclear energies. The proposed experimental approach will be essential for short lifetimes measurements in unexplored regions of the nuclear chart, including r-process nuclei, when intense ISOL-type beams become available.
Published: 2020
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46. Shape evolution in even-mass 98-104γγZr isotopes via lifetime measurements using the 98-104γγ-coincidence technique

Author: Pasqualato, G., Ansari, S., Heines, J. S., Modamio, V., Görgen, A., Korten, W., Ljungvall, J., Clément, E., Dudouet, J., Lemasson, A., Rodríguez, T. R., Allmond, J. M., Arici, T., Beckmann, K. S., Bruce, A. M., Doherty, D., Esmaylzadeh, A., Gamba, E. R., Gerhard, L., Gerl, J., Georgiev, G., Ivanova, D. P., Jolie, J., Kim, Y.-H., Knafla, L., Korichi, A., Koseoglou, P., Labiche, M., Lalkovski, S., Lauritsen, T., Li, H.-J., Pedersen, L. G., Pietri, S., Ralet, D., Regis, J. M., Rudigier, M., Saha, S., Sahin, E., Siem, S., Singh, P., Söderström, P.-A., Theisen, C., Tornyi, T., Vandebrouck, M., Witt, W., Zielińska, M., Barrientos, D., Bednarczyk, P., Benzoni, G., Boston, A. J., Boston, H. C., Bracco, A., Cederwall, B., Ciemała, M., de France, G., Domingo-Pardo, C., Eberth, J., Gadea, A., González, V., Gottardo, A., Harkness-Brennan, L. J., Hess, H., Judson, D. S., Jungclaus, A., Lenzi, S. M., Leoni, S., Menegazzo, R., Mengoni, D., Michelagnoli, C., Napoli, D. R., Nyberg, J., Podolyák, Zs., Pullia, A., Recchia, F., Reiter, P., Rezynkina, K., Salsac, M. D., Sanchis, E., Şenyiğit, M., Siciliano, M., Simpson, J., Sohler, D., Stezowski, O., Valiente-Dobón, J. J., and Verney, D.
Published: 2023
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47. Search for tri-nucleon decays of 76Ge in GERDA

Author: Agostini, M., Alexander, A., Araujo, G., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Biancacci, V., Bossio, E., Bothe, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Calgaro, S., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Chiu, P.-J., Comellato, T., D’Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Giacinto, A., Di Marco, N., Doroshkevich, E., Fischer, F., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Gooch, C., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hemmer, S., Hofmann, W., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Janicskó Csáthy, J., Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Khushbakht, H., Kihm, T., Kilgus, K., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Klimenko, A., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Manzanillas, L., Marshall, G., Misiaszek, M., Morella, M., Müller, Y., Nemchenok, I., Neuberger, M., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Rauscher, L., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sailer, S., Salamida, F., Schönert, S., Schreiner, J., Schütt, M., Schütz, A.-K., Schulz, O., Schwarz, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Shtembari, L., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stukov, D., Sullivan, S., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., Vignoli, C., von Sturm, K., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zatschler, B., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Published: 2023
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48. Liquid argon light collection and veto modeling in GERDA Phase II

Author: M. Agostini, A. Alexander, G. R. Araujo, A. M. Bakalyarov, M. Balata, I. Barabanov, L. Baudis, C. Bauer, S. Belogurov, A. Bettini, L. Bezrukov, V. Biancacci, E. Bossio, V. Bothe, R. Brugnera, A. Caldwell, S. Calgaro, C. Cattadori, A. Chernogorov, P. -J. Chiu, T. Comellato, V. D’Andrea, E. V. Demidova, A. Di Giacinto, N. Di Marco, E. Doroshkevich, F. Fischer, M. Fomina, A. Gangapshev, A. Garfagnini, C. Gooch, P. Grabmayr, V. Gurentsov, K. Gusev, J. Hakenmüller, S. Hemmer, W. Hofmann, M. Hult, L. V. Inzhechik, J. Janicskó Csáthy, J. Jochum, M. Junker, V. Kazalov, Y. Kermaïdic, H. Khushbakht, T. Kihm, K. Kilgus, I. V. Kirpichnikov, A. Klimenko, K. T. Knöpfle, O. Kochetov, V. N. Kornoukhov, P. Krause, V. V. Kuzminov, M. Laubenstein, B. Lehnert, M. Lindner, I. Lippi, A. Lubashevskiy, B. Lubsandorzhiev, G. Lutter, C. Macolino, B. Majorovits, W. Maneschg, L. Manzanillas, G. Marshall, M. Miloradovic, R. Mingazheva, M. Misiaszek, M. Morella, Y. Müller, I. Nemchenok, M. Neuberger, L. Pandola, K. Pelczar, L. Pertoldi, P. Piseri, A. Pullia, L. Rauscher, M. Redchuk, S. Riboldi, N. Rumyantseva, C. Sada, S. Sailer, F. Salamida, S. Schönert, J. Schreiner, M. Schütt, A. -K. Schütz, O. Schulz, M. Schwarz, B. Schwingenheuer, O. Selivanenko, E. Shevchik, M. Shirchenko, L. Shtembari, H. Simgen, A. Smolnikov, D. Stukov, S. Sullivan, A. A. Vasenko, A. Veresnikova, C. Vignoli, K. von Sturm, A. Wegmann, T. Wester, C. Wiesinger, M. Wojcik, E. Yanovich, B. Zatschler, I. Zhitnikov, S. V. Zhukov, D. Zinatulina, A. Zschocke, A. J. Zsigmond, K. Zuber, G. Zuzel, and Gerda collaboration
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The ability to detect liquid argon scintillation light from within a densely packed high-purity germanium detector array allowed the Gerda experiment to reach an exceptionally low background rate in the search for neutrinoless double beta decay of $${}^{76}$$ 76 Ge. Proper modeling of the light propagation throughout the experimental setup, from any origin in the liquid argon volume to its eventual detection by the novel light read-out system, provides insight into the rejection capability and is a necessary ingredient to obtain robust background predictions. In this paper, we present a model of the Gerda liquid argon veto, as obtained by Monte Carlo simulations and constrained by calibration data, and highlight its application for background decomposition.
Published: 2023
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49. Radiation measurements in the International Space Station, Columbus module, in 2020–2022 with the LIDAL detector

Author: Di Fino, L., Romoli, G., Santi Amantini, G., Boretti, V., Lunati, L., Berucci, C., Messi, R., Rizzo, A., Albicocco, P., De Donato, C., Masciantonio, G., Morone, M.C., Nobili, G., Baiocco, G., Mentana, A., Pullia, M., Tommasino, F., Carrubba, E., Bardi, A., Passerai, M., Castagnolo, D., Mascetti, G., Crisconio, M., Matthiä, D., and Narici, L.
Published: 2023
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50. Probing Majorana neutrinos with double-$\beta$ decay

Author: GERDA collaboration, Agostini, M., Bakalyarov, A. M., Balata, M., Barabanov, I., Baudis, L., Bauer, C., Bellotti, E., Belogurov, S., Bettini, A., Bezrukov, L., Borowicz, D., Brudanin, V., Brugnera, R., Caldwell, A., Cattadori, C., Chernogorov, A., Comellato, T., D'Andrea, V., Demidova, E. V., Di Marco, N., Domula, A., Doroshkevich, E., Egorov, V., Falkenstein, R., Fomina, M., Gangapshev, A., Garfagnini, A., Giordano, M., Grabmayr, P., Gurentsov, V., Gusev, K., Hakenmüller, J., Hegai, A., Heisel, M., Hemmer, S., Hiller, R., Hofmann, W., Hult, M., Inzhechik, L. V., Csáthy, J. Janicskó, Jochum, J., Junker, M., Kazalov, V., Kermaïdic, Y., Kihm, T., Kirpichnikov, I. V., Kirsch, A., Kish, A., Klimenko, A., Kneißl, R., Knöpfle, K. T., Kochetov, O., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Kuzminov, V. V., Laubenstein, M., Lazzaro, A., Lindner, M., Lippi, I., Lubashevskiy, A., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Majorovits, B., Maneschg, W., Miloradovic, M., Mingazheva, R., Misiaszek, M., Moseev, P., Nemchenok, I., Panas, K., Pandola, L., Pelczar, K., Pertoldi, L., Piseri, P., Pullia, A., Ransom, C., Riboldi, S., Rumyantseva, N., Sada, C., Sala, E., Salamida, F., Schmitt, C., Schneider, B., Schönert, S., Schütz, A. -K., Schulz, O., Schwingenheuer, B., Schwarz, M., Selivanenko, O., Shevchik, E., Shirchenko, M., Simgen, H., Smolnikov, A., Stanco, L., Stukov, D., Vanhoefer, L., Vasenko, A. A., Veresnikova, A., von Sturm, K., Wagner, V., Wegmann, A., Wester, T., Wiesinger, C., Wojcik, M., Yanovich, E., Zhitnikov, I., Zhukov, S. V., Zinatulina, D., Zschocke, A., Zsigmond, A. J., Zuber, K., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: A discovery that neutrinos are not the usual Dirac but Majorana fermions, i.e. identical to their antiparticles, would be a manifestation of new physics with profound implications for particle physics and cosmology. Majorana neutrinos would generate neutrinoless double-$\beta$ ($0\nu\beta\beta$) decay, a matter-creating process without the balancing emission of antimatter. So far, 0$\nu\beta\beta$ decay has eluded detection. The GERDA collaboration searches for the $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay of $^{76}$Ge by operating bare germanium detectors in an active liquid argon shield. With a total exposure of 82.4 kg$\cdot$yr, we observe no signal and derive a lower half-life limit of T$_{1/2}$ > 0.9$\cdot$10$^{26}$ yr (90% C.L.). Our T$_{1/2}$ sensitivity assuming no signal is 1.1$\cdot$10$^{26}$ yr. Combining the latter with those from other $0{\nu}\beta\beta$ decay searches yields a sensitivity to the effective Majorana neutrino mass of 0.07 - 0.16 eV, with corresponding sensitivities to the absolute mass scale in $\beta$ decay of 0.15 - 0.44 eV, and to the cosmological relevant sum of neutrino masses of 0.46 - 1.3 eV., Comment: Authors' main+supplementary text: 13+28 pages, 3+12 figures, 1+7 tables. Definite version to be published in Science
Published: 2019
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