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1. Recent Innovations in Footwear Sensors: Role of Smart Footwear in Healthcare -- A Survey

Author

R., Pradyumna G., Hegde, Roopa B., B., Bommegowda K., Bhat, Anil Kumar, Naik, Ganesh R., and Pujari, Amit N.

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract

Smart shoes have ushered in a new era of personalised health monitoring and assistive technology. The shoe leverages technologies such as Bluetooth for data collection and wireless transmission and incorporates features such as GPS tracking, obstacle detection, and fitness tracking. This article provides an overview of the current state of smart shoe technology, highlighting the integration of advanced sensors for health monitoring, energy harvesting, assistive features for the visually impaired, and deep learning for data analysis. The study discusses the potential of smart footwear in medical applications, particularly for patients with diabetes, and the ongoing research in this field. Current footwear challenges are also discussed, including complex construction, poor fit, comfort, and high cost.

Published
2024

7. Recent Innovations in Footwear and the Role of Smart Footwear in Healthcare—A Survey.

Author

Rukmini, Pradyumna G., Hegde, Roopa B., Basavarajappa, Bommegowda K., Bhat, Anil Kumar, Pujari, Amit N., Gargiulo, Gaetano D., Gunawardana, Upul, Jan, Tony, and Naik, Ganesh R.

Subjects
DEEP learning, ASSISTIVE technology, DIABETIC foot, FOOTWEAR, FOOT orthoses, SHOE design, PRESSURE sensors, ENERGY harvesting
Abstract

Smart shoes have ushered in a new era of personalised health monitoring and assistive technologies. Smart shoes leverage technologies such as Bluetooth for data collection and wireless transmission, and incorporate features such as GPS tracking, obstacle detection, and fitness tracking. As the 2010s unfolded, the smart shoe landscape diversified and advanced rapidly, driven by sensor technology enhancements and smartphones' ubiquity. Shoes have begun incorporating accelerometers, gyroscopes, and pressure sensors, significantly improving the accuracy of data collection and enabling functionalities such as gait analysis. The healthcare sector has recognised the potential of smart shoes, leading to innovations such as shoes designed to monitor diabetic foot ulcers, track rehabilitation progress, and detect falls among older people, thus expanding their application beyond fitness into medical monitoring. This article provides an overview of the current state of smart shoe technology, highlighting the integration of advanced sensors for health monitoring, energy harvesting, assistive features for the visually impaired, and deep learning for data analysis. This study discusses the potential of smart footwear in medical applications, particularly for patients with diabetes, and the ongoing research in this field. Current footwear challenges are also discussed, including complex construction, poor fit, comfort, and high cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. Development and evaluation of vibration apparatus and method for neuromuscular stimulation

Author

Pujari, Amit Narahar

Subjects
616.7, Vibration, Muscle contraction
Abstract

Vibration stimulation has been used as a tool to relieve muscle pain and spasm in physical therapy for many years. However recently, vibration, mainly Whole Body Vibration (WBV), has been increasingly studied and used as an exercise intervention in sports and rehabilitation. Although the physiological mechanisms which guide the body's response to this exercise modality are relatively poorly understood, evidence indicates that vibration can enhance muscle strength, power, and flexibility as well as increase bone mineral density in the general population. Evidence also suggests that the neuromuscular response to vibration stimulation depends on muscle length, stretch level (contraction) along with the vibration characteristics. One way to alter muscle length and contraction levels while receiving vibration is to superimpose the stimulation on graded isometric contraction. However, current WBV device designs cannot facilitate the delivery of vibration stimulation superimposed on graded isometric voluntary contraction. The aim of this PhD project was twofold, firstly to develop and evaluate a prototype WBV device which enables the delivery of vibration stimulation that can be superimposed on graded isometric contraction and secondly, to assess the neuromuscular responses to vibration superimposed on graded isometric contractions in lower limbs using this device. Due to the novelty of the device design and the method of the delivery, this study initially investigated the effects of different vibration frequencies and amplitudes combined with various effort levels on neuromuscular responses in lower limbs. The results of this study confirm that isometric contraction superimposed on vibration stimulation induce enhanced neuromuscular activity in the lower limbs. The results also confirm that although the neuromuscular responses to vibration depend on multiple factors the main determinants seem to be the vibration frequency, amplitude and muscle contraction /forc The results also confirm that although the neuromuscular responses to vibration depend on multiple factors the main determinants seem to be the vibration frequency, amplitude and muscle contraction /force level. Another limitation of most existing vibration devices is that they are not capable of delivering frequency of the vibration independent of amplitude and vice versa. Further, the evidence suggests that vibration amplitude can play an important role in neuromuscular response to vibration, especially when superimposed with graded contraction/force levels. To address the above limitation, the second aim of this PhD project was to develop and evaluate a prototype miniature upper limb vibration device capable of delivering precise and independent vibration frequency and amplitude stimulation. The miniature upper limb vibration (ULV) device with piezo actuators developed for this thesis, enables precise vibration stimulation to be delivered in a seated position with graded voluntary contraction superimposed. The neuromuscular responses to vibration superimposed on graded isometric contractions in upper limbs were also assessed by investigating the fatiguing effects of superimposed vibration stimulation using this newly developed device. This study is the first to investigate and compare the fatiguing effects of superimposed vibration stimulation pre and postvibration exercise in upper limbs. The results of this study confirm that isometric contraction superimposed on vibration stimulation lead to increased fatigue levels and neuromuscular activity in upper limbs. The results also indicate that post-vibration treatment the muscles display enhanced force generation capability associated with lower fatigue levels. In summary, two (WBV and ULV) novel vibration exercise devices were successfully developed and evaluated for this thesis. The results of the studies on these devices confirm that vibration stimulation superimposed on graded isometric contraction can induce higher neuromuscular activity compared to isometric contraction alone in both upper and lower limbs. However the effects of vibration frequency, amplitude and contraction/force levels seem to differ between the upper and lower limbs.

Published
2016

17. Evaluating the effects of age on the long-term functional outcomes following anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty

Author

Li, Troy, primary, Duey, Akiro H., additional, White, Christopher A., additional, Pujari, Amit, additional, Patel, Akshar V., additional, Zaidat, Bashar, additional, Williams, Christine S., additional, Williams, Alexis, additional, Cirino, Carl M., additional, Shukla, Dave, additional, Parsons, Bradford O., additional, Flatow, Evan L., additional, and Cagle, Paul J., additional

Published
2023
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28. Overhead arm support reduces radiation exposure during complex endovascular aortic repair.

Author

Pujari, Amit, Ahmad, Myra, Sweet, Matthew P., and Zettervall, Sara L.

Abstract

Complex endovascular aortic surgery has been associated with increased fluoroscopic radiation exposure. The radiation dosage necessary for visualization is dependent on the amount of tissue penetration required. Elevation of a patient's arms above their head during endovascular surgery could improve visualization by removing the arms from the field of view. Furthermore, it might reduce the radiation dose required. In the present study, we sought to determine the effect of arm elevation on radiation exposure during endovascular treatment of thoracoabdominal aneurysms. All patients enrolled in a single-institution, physician-sponsored investigational device exemption study for endovascular treatment of thoracoabdominal aneurysms (fenestrated/branched endovascular aortic repair [F/BEVAR]) from 2012 to 2022 were assessed. The first 30 patients treated were excluded to account for the learning curve required with treatment. Patients treated after December 2020 were positioned with their arms elevated above their head using an overhead arm support (OAS). These patients were compared with those who had undergone F/BEVAR before the practice change. The radiation dose, fluoroscopy time, and contrast volume used were compared. A subgroup analysis was performed to assess the effect for patients with brachial access. A total of 145 patients were included in the present study, of whom 43 (30%) had undergone F/BEVAR with their arms supported overhead. No differences were identified in age, body mass index, aneurysm size, or prior aortic intervention between the groups with and without the use of the OAS. A history of dissection (23% vs 7.8%; P =.01) was more frequent for the patients treated with their arms elevated. Arm elevation was associated with a significant reduction in the mean radiation exposure (2261 vs 3100 mGy; P =.01). No differences were observed in the fluoroscopy time or contrast volume used between the two groups. In addition, no patient experienced palsy of the brachial plexus. Of the 145 patients, 55 (38%) had required brachial arterial access, limiting their ability to elevate both arms. In the subgroup analysis, the patients without brachial access continued to show a significant reduction in radiation exposure with arm elevation (2159 vs 3179 mGy; P <.01). Elevation of a patient's arms above their head using an OAS during F/BEVAR offered a low-cost, simple strategy that resulted in a 30% reduction in radiation exposure without added complications. This technique improved visualization and reduced radiation exposure for patients and physicians and should be included in abdominal aortic and visceral procedures work to improve patient and surgeon safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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29. Reply to Morone, G.; Giansanti, D. Comment on “Anwer et al. Rehabilitation of Upper Limb Motor Impairment in Stroke: A Narrative Review on the Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Economic Statistics of Stroke and State of the Art Therapies. Healthcare 2022, 10, 190”

Author

Anwer, Saba, primary, Waris, Asim, additional, Gilani, Syed Omer, additional, Iqbal, Javaid, additional, Shaikh, Nusratnaaz, additional, Pujari, Amit N., additional, and Niazi, Imran Khan, additional

Published
2022
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32. Does intrathecal nicardipine for cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid hemorrhage correlate with reduced delayed cerebral ischemia? A retrospective propensity score–based analysis

Author

Sadan, Ofer, primary, Waddel, Hannah, additional, Moore, Reneé, additional, Feng, Chen, additional, Mei, Yajun, additional, Pearce, David, additional, Kraft, Jacqueline, additional, Pimentel, Cederic, additional, Mathew, Subin, additional, Akbik, Feras, additional, Ameli, Pouya, additional, Taylor, Alexis, additional, Danyluk, Lisa, additional, Martin, Kathleen S., additional, Garner, Krista, additional, Kolenda, Jennifer, additional, Pujari, Amit, additional, Asbury, William, additional, Jaja, Blessing N. R., additional, Macdonald, R. Loch, additional, Cawley, C. Michael, additional, Barrow, Daniel L., additional, and Samuels, Owen, additional

Published
2022
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34. Acute gastrointestinal emergencies requiring surgery in children

Author

Pujari Amit, Methi R, and Khare Nishant

Subjects
Abdominal emergencies, aetiology, children, Pediatrics, RJ1-570, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Background: Although abdominal pain is common in the paediatric age group, problems of misdiagnosis and serious consequences are more particular in an emergency setting. This study examined the aetiologies of acute abdominal emergencies in children. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 100 children below the age of 12 years presenting with acute abdominal emergencies (gastrointestinal) requiring operative interventions. All patients were operated on an emergency basis and the intraoperative findings were correlated with the clinical findings. Results: Acute abdominal emergencies in the paediatric age group were heterogenous, with a myriad of aetiological factors. Overall, 73% of patients were greater than 3 years of age. Early neonatal period formed the second most common group (12%). Acute appendicitis was the most common cause except in the infancy period where congenital abnormalities predominated. Conclusion: The correct diagnosis of acute abdomen in children requires attention to clinical details and a high degree of suspicion. Early surgical intervention in doubtful cases may be necessary to solve diagnostic problems.

Published
2008

41. Intrathecal Nicardipine for Cerebral Vasospasm Post Subarachnoid Hemorrhage – a Retrospective Analysis and Propensity-Based Comparison

Author

Sadan, Ofer, primary, Waddel, Hannah, additional, Moore, Reneé, additional, Feng, Chen, additional, Mei, Yajun, additional, Pearce, David, additional, Kraft, Jacqueline, additional, Pimentel, Cederic, additional, Mathew, Subin, additional, Akbik, Feras, additional, Ameli, Pouya, additional, Taylor, Alexis, additional, Danyluk, Lisa, additional, Martin, Kathleen S., additional, Garner, Krista, additional, Kolenda, Jennifer, additional, Pujari, Amit, additional, Asbury, William, additional, Jaja, Blessing, additional, Macdonald, R. Loch, additional, Cawley, C. Michael, additional, Barrow, Daniel L., additional, and Samuels, Owen, additional

Published
2020
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46. Abstract 65: Intrathecal Nicardipine for Cerebral Vasospasm Post Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - A Single Center Experience

Author

Sadan, Ofer, primary, Feng, Chen, additional, Pearce, David T, additional, Kraft, Jacqueline, additional, Pimentel, Cederic, additional, Mathew, Subin, additional, Akbik, Feras, additional, Ameli, Pouya A, additional, Taylor, Alexis M, additional, Danyluk, Lisa, additional, Martin, Kathleen S, additional, Garner, Krista, additional, Kolenda, Jennifer, additional, Pujari, Amit, additional, Mei, Yajun, additional, Asbury, William, additional, and Samuels, Owen B, additional

Published
2020
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47. 754: TREATING CEREBRAL VASOSPASM WITH INTRATHECAL NICARDIPINE IN SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE PATIENTS

Author

Sadan, Ofer, primary, Feng, Chen, additional, Pearce, David, additional, Kraft, Jacqueline, additional, Pimentel, Cedric, additional, Mathew, Subin, additional, Akbik, Feras, additional, Ameli, Pouya, additional, Danyluk, Lisa, additional, Martin, Kathleen, additional, Garner, Krista, additional, Kolenda, Jennifer, additional, Pujari, Amit, additional, Mei, Yajun, additional, Asbury, William, additional, and Samuels, Owen, additional

Published
2020
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49. Figures 14 to 25, Normalised mean EMGrms values for the Biceps, Triceps and the Forearm from Fatiguing effects of indirect vibration stimulation in upper limb muscles: pre, post and during isometric contractions superimposed on upper limb vibration

Author

Pujari, Amit N., Neilson, Richard D., and Cardinale, Marco

Abstract

Figures 14-17: Normalised mean EMGrms values for the Biceps for the five consecutive sections of the fatigue effort during the progression of each of the successive four fatiguing exercise efforts performed, under control and vibration condition. Effort 1- CFC1 vs VCF1 (Figure 14), Effort 2- CFC2 vs VCF2 (Figure 15), Effort 3- CFC3 vs VCF3 (Figure 16), and Effort 4- CFC4 vs VCF4 (Figure 17). Figures 18-21: Normalised mean EMGrms values for the Triceps for the five consecutive sections of the fatigue effort during the progression of each of the successive four fatiguing exercise efforts performed, under control and vibration condition. Effort 1- CFC1 vs VCF1 (Figure 18), Effort 2- CFC2 vs VCF2 (Figure 19), Effort 3- CFC3 vs VCF3 (Figure 20), and Effort 4- CFC4 vs VCF4 (Figure 21). Figures 22-25: Normalised mean EMGrms values for the Forearm for the five consecutive sections of the fatigue effort during the progression of each of the successive four fatiguing exercise efforts performed, under control and vibration condition. Effort 1- CFC1 vs VCF1 (Figure 22), Effort 2- CFC2 vs VCF2 (Figure 23), Effort 3- CFC3 vs VCF3 (Figure 24), and Effort 4- CFC4 vs VCF4 (Figure 25).

Published
2019
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