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6. Correction to: Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation of a Remote Monitoring Programme Including Lifestyle Education Software in Type 2 Diabetes: Results of the Educ@dom Study

Author

Mounié, Michael, Costa, Nadège, Gourdy, Pierre, Latorre, Christelle, Schirr-Bonnans, Solène, Lagarrigue, Jean-Marc, Roussel, Henri, Martini, Jacques, Buisson, Jean-Christophe, Chauchard, Marie-Christine, Delaunay, Jacqueline, Taoui, Soumia, Poncet, Marie-France, Cosma, Valeria, Lablanche, Sandrine, Coustols-Valat, Magali, Chaillous, Lucie, Thivolet, Charles, Sanz, Caroline, Penfornis, Alfred, Lepage, Benoît, Colineaux, Hélène, Hanaire, Hélène, Molinier, Laurent, Turnin, Marie-Christine, Benhamou, P. Y., Rodier, M., Ayon, F., Puel-Olivier, F., Fontaine, S., Perron, M., Arrivié, J., Cousty-Pech, F., Rouby, C., Lafon, F., and Moura, I.

Published
2022
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8. Homeobox transcription factor HbxA influences expression of over one thousand genes in the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans

Author

Northern Illinois University, Pandit, Sandesh S. [0000-0002-3292-2654], Zheng, Jinfang [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5966-7713], Yin, Yanbin [0000-0001-7667-881X], Lorber, Sophie [0000-0003-0231-6394], Puel, Olivier [0000-0003-1946-5310], Espeso, Eduardo A. [0000-0002-5873-6059], Calvo, A. M. [0000-0003-4641-5175], Pandit, Sandesh S., Zheng, Jinfang, Yin, Yanbin, Lorber, Sophie, Puel, Olivier, Dhingra, S., Espeso, Eduardo A., Calvo, Ana M., Northern Illinois University, Pandit, Sandesh S. [0000-0002-3292-2654], Zheng, Jinfang [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5966-7713], Yin, Yanbin [0000-0001-7667-881X], Lorber, Sophie [0000-0003-0231-6394], Puel, Olivier [0000-0003-1946-5310], Espeso, Eduardo A. [0000-0002-5873-6059], Calvo, A. M. [0000-0003-4641-5175], Pandit, Sandesh S., Zheng, Jinfang, Yin, Yanbin, Lorber, Sophie, Puel, Olivier, Dhingra, S., Espeso, Eduardo A., and Calvo, Ana M.

Abstract

In fungi, conserved homeobox-domain proteins are transcriptional regulators governing development. In Aspergillus species, several homeobox-domain transcription factor genes have been identified, among them, hbxA/hbx1. For instance, in the opportunistic human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus, hbxA is involved in conidial production and germination, as well as virulence and secondary metabolism, including production of fumigaclavines, fumiquinazolines, and chaetominine. In the agriculturally important fungus Aspergillus flavus, disruption of hbx1 results in fluffy aconidial colonies unable to produce sclerotia. hbx1 also regulates production of aflatoxins, cyclopiazonic acid and aflatrem. Furthermore, transcriptome studies revealed that hbx1 has a broad effect on the A. flavus genome, including numerous genes involved in secondary metabolism. These studies underline the importance of the HbxA/Hbx1 regulator, not only in developmental processes but also in the biosynthesis of a broad number of fungal natural products, including potential medical drugs and mycotoxins. To gain further insight into the regulatory scope of HbxA in Aspergilli, we studied its role in the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Our present study of the A. nidulans hbxA-dependent transcriptome revealed that more than one thousand genes are differentially expressed when this regulator was not transcribed at wild-type levels, among them numerous transcription factors, including those involved in development as well as in secondary metabolism regulation. Furthermore, our metabolomics analyses revealed that production of several secondary metabolites, some of them associated with A. nidulans hbxA-dependent gene clusters, was also altered in deletion and overexpression hbxA strains compared to the wild type, including synthesis of nidulanins A, B and D, versicolorin A, sterigmatocystin, austinol, dehydroaustinol, and three unknown novel compounds.

Published
2023

15. Inhibition of Aflatoxin B1 Synthesis in Aspergillus flavus by Mate (Ilex paraguariensis), Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Extracts: Relation with Extract Antioxidant Capacity and Fungal Oxidative Stress Response Modulation

Author

Al Khoury, Anthony, primary, El Khoury, André, additional, Rocher, Ophélie, additional, Hindieh, Pamela, additional, Puel, Olivier, additional, Maroun, Richard G., additional, Atoui, Ali, additional, and Bailly, Jean-Denis, additional

Published
2022
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21. Tissular Genomic Responses to Oral FB1 Exposure in Pigs

Author

Dopavogui, Léonie, primary, Polizzi, Arnaud, additional, Fougerat, Anne, additional, Gourbeyre, Pascal, additional, Terciolo, Chloé, additional, Klement, Wendy, additional, Pinton, Philippe, additional, Laffite, Joëlle, additional, Cossalter, Anne-Marie, additional, Bailly, Jean-Denis, additional, Puel, Olivier, additional, Lippi, Yannick, additional, Naylies, Claire, additional, Guillou, Hervé, additional, Oswald, Isabelle P., additional, and Loiseau, Nicolas, additional

Published
2022
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23. Mycotoxines majeures et émergentes dans les filières cidre et vin : observatoire, lutte biologique au champ et devenir au cours des procédés

Author

Coarer, Morvan, Puel, Olivier, Lorber, Sophie, Guichard, H., Lemaguet, Jean, Corroyer, Nathalie, Camponovo, A., Boiry, Séverine, Sabaty, M., Maguet, Le, Caboulet, Denis, Solanet, D., Institut Français de la Vigne et du Vin (IFV), Biosynthèse & Toxicité des Mycotoxines (ToxAlim-BioToMyc), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Insitut Français des Productions Cidricoles (IFPC), Comité Interprofessionnel du Vin de Champagne (CIVC), Chambre Régionale d'Agriculture de Normandie, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies d'Aix-Marseille (ex-IBEB) (BIAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Microbiologie Environnementale et Moléculaire (MEM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), and Casdar

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, deoxypatulinic acid, marquage, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ochratoxin A, antagonist, patuline, acide désoxypatulinique Ochratoxin A, antagoniste, acide désoxypatulinique, Ochratoxine A, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, patulin, ascladiol, labeling
Abstract

Ce volume regroupe les textes issus du programme Casdar "Innovation et Partenariat" et "Recherche technologique" de 2015. Il a été réalisé sous l’égide du GIS Relance Agronomique. Ce volume regroupe les textes issus du programme Casdar "Innovation et Partenariat" et "Recherche technologique" de 2015. Il a été réalisé sous l’égide du GIS Relance Agronomique.; 3500 samples of fungal flora were studied for their diversity and their potential to antagonizemycotoxinogenic flora. 45 were characterized with respect to their ability to inhibit in vitro the growth ofPenicillium expansum and Aspergillus carbonarius as well as the production of patulin and ochratoxin A.The most promising strains were tested as antagonists in organic and conventional vineyards andorchards as well as in production with varying degrees of success. Following this program, the ciderindustry has a patulin labeling method with 13C. The cytotoxicity tests carried out on ascladiol anddeoxypatulinic acid showed their absence of toxicity. Finally, the two sectors have screening methods toquickly set up additional experiments in the event of natural contamination linked to changes in climateand practices.; 3500 échantillons de flores fongiques ont été étudiés d’après leur diversité et leur potentiel antagonistevis-à-vis des flores mycotoxinogènes. 45 ont été caractérisées vis à vis leur capacité à inhiber in vitro lacroissance de Penicillium expansum et d’Aspergillus carbonarius ainsi que la production de patuline etd’ochratoxine A. Les souches les plus prometteuses ont été testées comme antagonistes au vignoble etau verger bio et conventionnel ainsi qu’en élaboration avec différents degrés de réussite. La filière cidredispose, à la suite de ce programme, d’une méthode de marquage de la patuline au 13C. Les tests decytotoxicité menés sur l’ascladiol et l’acide desoxypatulinique ont montré leur absence de toxicité. Enfin,les deux filières disposent de méthodes de criblage pour mettre rapidement en œuvre desexpérimentations complémentaires en cas de contamination naturelle liée aux évolutions du climat etdes pratiques.

Published
2021

25. Molecular cloning and functional characterization of two CYP619 cytochrome P450s involved in biosynthesis of patulin in Aspergillus clavatus

Author

Artigot, Marie Pierre, Loiseau, Nicolas, Laffitte, Joelle, Mas-Reguieg, Lina, Tadrist, Souria, Oswald, P. Isabelle, and Puel, Olivier

Subjects
Cloning -- Usage, Aspergillus -- Physiological aspects, Aspergillus -- Genetic aspects, Aspergillus -- Research, Microbial metabolism -- Research, Mycotoxins -- Physiological aspects, Mycotoxins -- Genetic aspects, Mycotoxins -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Patulin is an acetate-derived tetraketide mycotoxin produced by several fungal species, especially Aspergillus, Penicillium and Byssochlamys species. The health risks due to patulin consumption by humans have led many countries to regulate it in human food. Previous studies have shown the involvement of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in the hydroxylation of two precursors of patulin, m-cresol and m-hydroxybenzylalcohol. In the present study, two cytochrome P450 genes were identified in the genome sequence of Aspergillus clavatus, a patulin-producing species. Both mRNAs were strongly co-expressed during patulin production. CYP61902, encoded by the first gene, consists of 529 aa, while the second cytochrome, GYP61903, consists of 524 aa. The coding sequences were used to perform the heterologous expression of functional enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The bioconversion assays showed that CYP61903 catalysed the hydroxylation of m-cresol to yield m-hydroxybenzyl alcohol. CYP61902 catalysed the hydroxylation of m-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and m-cresol to gentisyl alcohol and 2,5-dihydroxytoluene (toluquinol), respectively. Except for the last compound, all enzyme products are known precursors of patulin. Taken together, these data strongly suggest the involvement of CYP61902 and CYP61903 in the biosynthesis of patulin. CYP61902 and CYP61903 are located near to two other genes involved in patulin biosynthesis, namely the 6-methylsalicylic acid synthase (6msas) and isoepoxydon dehydrogenase (idh) genes. The current data associated with an analysis of the sequence of A. clavatus suggest the presence of a cluster of 15 genes involved in patulin biosynthesis.

Published
2009

26. The brlA Gene Deletion Reveals That Patulin Biosynthesis Is Not Related to Conidiation in Penicillium expansum

Author

Zetina-Serrano, Chrystian, Rocher, Ophélie, Naylies, Claire, Lippi, Yannick, Oswald, Isabelle P., Lorber, Sophie, Puel, Olivier, Biosynthèse & Toxicité des Mycotoxines (ToxAlim-BioToMyc), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Transcriptomic impact of Xenobiotics (E23 TRiX), Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), ANR-17-CE21-0008,PATRISK,REDUCTION DU RISQUE PATULINE GRACE A UNE GESTION INTEGREE ET DURABLE DE LA PRODUCTION DE POMME ET DE PRODUITS DERIVES(2017), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)

Subjects
animal structures, Genes, Fungal, Article, Indole Alkaloids, Fungal Proteins, lcsh:Chemistry, synnemata, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Penicillium expansum, lcsh:QH301-705.5, patulin, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, secondary metabolism, brlA, communesins, chaetoglobosins, fungi, Penicillium, food and beverages, conidiogenesis, metabolomics, Biosynthetic Pathways, Up-Regulation, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, Fruit, Malus, Multigene Family, Metabolome, Transcriptome, microarray, Gene Deletion
Abstract

Dissemination and survival of ascomycetes is through asexual spores. The brlA gene encodes a C2H2-type zinc-finger transcription factor, which is essential for asexual development. Penicillium expansum causes blue mold disease and is the main source of patulin, a mycotoxin that contaminates apple-based food. A P. expansum Pe&Delta, brlA deficient strain was generated by homologous recombination. In vivo, suppression of brlA completely blocked the development of conidiophores that takes place after the formation of coremia/synnemata, a required step for the perforation of the apple epicarp. Metabolome analysis displayed that patulin production was enhanced by brlA suppression, explaining a higher in vivo aggressiveness compared to the wild type (WT) strain. No patulin was detected in the synnemata, suggesting that patulin biosynthesis stopped when the fungus exited the apple. In vitro transcriptome analysis of Pe&Delta, brlA unveiled an up-regulated biosynthetic gene cluster (PEXP_073960-PEXP_074060) that shares high similarity with the chaetoglobosin gene cluster of Chaetomium globosum. Metabolome analysis of Pe&Delta, brlA confirmed these observations by unveiling a greater diversity of chaetoglobosin derivatives. We observed that chaetoglobosins A and C were found only in the synnemata, located outside of the apple, whereas other chaetoglobosins were detected in apple flesh, suggesting a spatial-temporal organization of the chaetoglobosin biosynthesis pathway.

Published
2020

27. Diversity within Aspergillus niger Clade and Description of a New Species: Aspergillus vinaceus sp. nov

Author

da Silva, Josué J., Iamanaka , Beatriz T., Ferranti, Larissa S., Massi, Fernanda P., Taniwaki, Marta H., Puel, Olivier, Lorber, Sophie, Frisvad, Jens C., Fungaro, Maria Helena P., da Silva, Josué J., Iamanaka , Beatriz T., Ferranti, Larissa S., Massi, Fernanda P., Taniwaki, Marta H., Puel, Olivier, Lorber, Sophie, Frisvad, Jens C., and Fungaro, Maria Helena P.

Abstract

Diversity of species within Aspergillus niger clade, currently represented by A. niger sensu stricto and A. welwitshiae, was investigated combining three-locus gene sequences, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA, secondary metabolites profile and morphology. Firstly, approximately 700 accessions belonging to this clade were investigated using calmodulin gene sequences. Based on these sequences, eight haplotypes were clearly identified as A. niger (n = 247) and 17 as A. welwitschiae (n = 403). However, calmodulin sequences did not provide definitive species identities for six haplotypes. To elucidate the taxonomic position of these haplotypes, two other loci, part of the beta-tubulin gene and part of the RNA polymerase II gene, were sequenced and used to perform an analysis of Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition. This analysis enabled the recognition of two new phylogenetic species. One of the new phylogenetic species showed morphological and chemical distinguishable features in comparison to the known species A. welwitschiae and A. niger. This species is illustrated and described as Aspergillus vinaceus sp. nov. In contrast to A. niger and A. welwitschiae, A. vinaceus strains produced asperazine, but none of them were found to produce ochratoxin A and/or fumonisins. Sclerotium production on laboratory media, which does not occur in strains of A. niger and A. welwitschiae, and strictly sclerotium-associated secondary metabolites (14-Epi-hydroxy-10,23-dihydro-24,25-dehydroaflavinine; 10,23-Dihydro-24,25-dehydroaflavinine; 10,23-Dihydro-24,25-dehydro-21-oxo-aflavinine) were found in A. vinaceus. The strain type of A. vinaceus sp. nov. is ITAL 47,456 (T) (=IBT 35556).

Published
2020

32. Versicolorin A, a precursor in aflatoxins biosynthesis, is a food contaminant toxic for human intestinal cells

Author

Gauthier, Thierry, primary, Duarte-Hospital, Carolina, additional, Vignard, Julien, additional, Boutet-Robinet, Elisa, additional, Sulyok, Michael, additional, Snini, Selma P., additional, Alassane-Kpembi, Imourana, additional, Lippi, Yannick, additional, Puel, Sylvie, additional, Oswald, Isabelle P., additional, and Puel, Olivier, additional

Published
2020
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33. Application of MALDI-TOF MS to species complex differentiation and strain typing of food related fungi: Case studies with Aspergillus section Flavi species and Penicillium roqueforti isolates

Author

Quéro, Laura, primary, Courault, Priscillia, additional, Cellière, Beatrice, additional, Lorber, Sophie, additional, Jany, Jean-Luc, additional, Puel, Olivier, additional, Girard, Victoria, additional, Vasseur, Valérie, additional, Nodet, Patrice, additional, and Mounier, Jérôme, additional

Published
2020
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34. Aflatoxin Biosynthesis and Genetic Regulation: A Review

Author

Caceres, Isaura, primary, Al Khoury, Anthony, additional, El Khoury, Rhoda, additional, Lorber, Sophie, additional, P. Oswald, Isabelle, additional, El Khoury, André, additional, Atoui, Ali, additional, Puel, Olivier, additional, and Bailly, Jean-Denis, additional

Published
2020
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38. Impact of veA on the development, aggressiveness, dissemination and secondary metabolism of Penicillium expansum

Author

El Hajj Assaf, Christelle, Snini, Selma, Tadrist, Souria, Bally, Sylviane, Naylies, Claire, Oswald, Isabelle P., Lorber, Sophie, Puel, Olivier, Flanders Research Institute for agriculture, fisheries and food - ILVO (BELGIUM), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Research Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Transcriptomic impact of Xenobiotics (E23 TRiX), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Biosynthèse & Toxicité des Mycotoxines (ToxAlim-BioToMyc), CASDAR AAP RT 2015 under Grant 1508 and by French National Research Agency under Grant ANR-17-CE21-0008 PATRISK, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
Patulin, Apples, Penicilium expansum, food and beverages, Pathogenicity, Biologie cellulaire, Original Articles, Secondary metabolism, veA, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Citrinin
Abstract

International audience; Penicillium expansum, the causal agent of blue mould disease, produces the mycotoxins patulin and citrinin amongst other secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolism is associated with fungal development, which responds to numerous biotic and abiotic external triggers. The global transcription factor VeA plays a key role in the coordination of secondary metabolism and differentiation processes in many fungal species. The specific role of VeA in P. expansum remains unknown. A null mutant PeΔveA strain and a complemented PeΔveA:veA strain were generated in P. expansum and their pathogenicity on apples was studied. Like the wild‐type and the complemented strains, the null mutant PeΔveA strain was still able to sporulate and to colonize apples, but at a lower rate. However, it could not form coremia either in vitro or in vivo, thus limiting its dissemination from natural substrates. The impact of veA on the expression of genes encoding proteins involved in the production of patulin, citrinin and other secondary metabolites was evaluated. The disruption of veA drastically reduced the production of patulin and citrinin on synthetic media, associated with a marked down‐regulation of all genes involved in the biosynthesis of the two mycotoxins. Moreover, the null mutant PeΔveA strain was unable to produce patulin on apples. The analysis of gene expression revealed a global impact on secondary metabolism, as 15 of 35 backbone genes showed differential regulation on two different media. These findings support the hypothesis that VeA contributes to the pathogenicity of P. expansum and modulates its secondary metabolism.

Published
2018

39. Additional file 1: of Genome sequence of an aflatoxigenic pathogen of Argentinian peanut, Aspergillus arachidicola

Author

Geromy Moore, Mack, Brian, Beltz, Shannon, and Puel, Olivier

Abstract

Figure S1. Comparison of aflatoxin and CPA gene clusters for A. arachidicola and several aflatoxin B + G species’ type strains. The schematic diagram (A) shows the orientation and relative sizes (bp) of genes in the aflatoxin gene cluster of A. arachidicola (CBS 117610; red), A. parasiticus (SU-1; green), A. nomius (NRRL 13137; blue) and A. bombycis (NRRL 26010; purple). Panel B shows the orientation and relative sizes (bp) of genes in the CPA gene cluster of A. arachidicola (CBS 117610; red), A. nomius (NRRL 13137; blue) and A. bombycis (NRRL 26010; purple). The A. parasiticus type strain did not contain a cluster of CPA genes. Panel C shows the orientation and distance (bp) separating the aflatoxin and CPA gene clusters in A. arachidicola (CBS 117610; red). The respective gene clusters and their distances, in A. nomius and A. bombycis, were not found to share the same contig; therefore, they could not be determined. (PDF 587 kb)

Published
2018
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40. Streptomyces roseolus, a promising biocontrol agent against Aspergillus flavus, the main aflatoxin B₁ producer

Author

Caceres, Isaura, Snini, Selma P., Puel, Olivier, and Mathieu, Florence

Subjects
Aspergillus flavus, Streptomyces roseolus, aflatoxin B1, biocontrol, fungal morphology, gene expression, food and beverages
Abstract

Crop contamination by aflatoxin B₁ is a current problem in tropical and subtropical regions. In the future, this contamination risk may be expanded to European countries due to climate change. The development of alternative strategies to prevent mycotoxin contamination that further contribute to the substitution of phytopharmaceutical products are thus needed. For this, a promising method resides in the use of biocontrol agents. Several actinobacteria strains have demonstrated to effectively reduce the aflatoxin B₁ concentration. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of action by which these biological agents reduce the mycotoxin concentration has not been determined. The aim of the present study was to test the potential use of Streptomyces roseolus as a biocontrol agent against aflatoxin B₁ contamination. Co-cultures with Aspergillus flavus were conducted, and the molecular fungal response was investigated through analyzing the q-PCR expression of 65 genes encoding relevant fungal functions. Moreover, kojic and cyclopiazonic acid concentrations, as well as morphological fungal changes were also analyzed. The results demonstrated that reduced concentrations of aflatoxin B₁ and kojic acid were respectively correlated with the down-regulation of the aflatoxin B₁ gene cluster and kojR gene expression. Moreover, a fungal hypersporulated phenotype and a general over-expression of genes involved in fungal development were observed in the co-culture condition.

Published
2018

46. Verruculogen associated with Aspergillus fumigatus hyphae and conidia modifies the electrophysiological properties of human nasal epithelial cells

Author

Cordonnier Catherine, Coste André, Rivollet Danièle, Delaforge Marcel, Loiseau Nicolas, Puel Olivier, Khoufache Khaled, Escudier Estelle, Botterel Françoise, and Bretagne Stéphane

Subjects
Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Abstract Background The role of Aspergillus fumigatus mycotoxins in the colonization of the respiratory tract by conidia has not been studied extensively, even though patients at risk from invasive aspergillosis frequently exhibit respiratory epithelium damage. In a previous study, we found that filtrates of A. fumigatus cultures can specifically alter the electrophysiological properties of human nasal epithelial cells (HNEC) compared to those of non pathogenic moulds. Results We fractionated the organic phase of filtrate from 3-day old A. fumigatus cultures using high-performance liquid chromatography. The different fractions were tested for their ability to modify the electrophysiological properties of HNEC in an in vitro primary culture model. The fraction collected between 20 and 30 min mimicked the effects of the whole filtrate, i.e. decrease of transepithelial resistance and increase of potential differences, and contained secondary metabolites such as helvolic acid, fumagillin, and verruculogen. Only verruculogen (10-8 M) had effects similar to the whole filtrate. We verified that verruculogen was produced by a collection of 67 human, animal, plant and environmental A. fumigatus isolates. Using MS-MS analysis, we found that verruculogen was associated with both mycelium and conidia extracts. Conclusion Verruculogen is a secondary metabolite that modifies the electrophysiological properties of HNEC. The role of these modifications in the colonization and invasion of the respiratory epithelium by A. fumigatus on first contact with the epithelium remains to be determined.

Published
2007
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47. Chemical repertoire and biosynthetic machinery of the Aspergillus flavus secondary metabolome: A review.

Author

Uka, Valdet, Cary, Jeffrey W., Lebar, Matthew D., Puel, Olivier, De Saeger, Sarah, and Diana Di Mavungu, José

Subjects
AFLATOXINS, ASPERGILLUS flavus, METABOLITES, METABOLOMICS, FILAMENTOUS fungi, FOOD security, FOOD safety
Abstract

Filamentous fungi represent a rich source of extrolites, including secondary metabolites (SMs) comprising a great variety of astonishing structures and interesting bioactivities. State‐of‐the‐art techniques in genome mining, genetic manipulation, and secondary metabolomics have enabled the scientific community to better elucidate and more deeply appreciate the genetic and biosynthetic chemical arsenal of these microorganisms. Aspergillus flavus is best known as a contaminant of food and feed commodities and a producer of the carcinogenic family of SMs, aflatoxins. This fungus produces many SMs including polyketides, ribosomal and nonribosomal peptides, terpenoids, and other hybrid molecules. This review will discuss the chemical diversity, biosynthetic pathways, and biological/ecological role of A. flavus SMs, as well as their significance concerning food safety and security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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50. Aspergillus korhogoensis, a novel aflatoxin producing species from the Côte d'Ivoire

Author

Carvajal-Campos, Amaranta, Manizan, Ama Lethicia, Tadrist, Souria, Akaki, Koffi David, Koffi-Nevry, Rose, Moore, Geromy G., Fapohunda, Stephen O., Bailly, Sylviane, Montet, Didier, Oswald, Isabelle, Lorber, Sophie, Brabet, Catherine, Puel, Olivier, Carvajal-Campos, Amaranta, Manizan, Ama Lethicia, Tadrist, Souria, Akaki, Koffi David, Koffi-Nevry, Rose, Moore, Geromy G., Fapohunda, Stephen O., Bailly, Sylviane, Montet, Didier, Oswald, Isabelle, Lorber, Sophie, Brabet, Catherine, and Puel, Olivier

Abstract

Several strains of a new aflatoxigenic species of Aspergillus, A. korhogoensis, were isolated in the course of a screening study involving species from section Flavi found contaminating peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) and peanut paste in the Côte d'Ivoire. Based on examination of four isolates, this new species is described using a polyphasic approach. A concatenated alignment comprised of nine genes (ITS, benA, cmdA, mcm7, amdS, rpb1, preB, ppgA, and preA) was subjected to phylogenetic analysis, and resulted in all four strains being inferred as a distinct clade. Characterization of mating type for each strain revealed A. korhogoensis as a heterothallic species, since three isolates exhibited a singular MAT1-1 locus and one isolate exhibited a singular MAT1-2 locus. Morphological and physiological characterizations were also performed based on their growth on various types of media. Their respective extrolite profiles were characterized using LC/HRMS, and showed that this new species is capable of producing B- and G-aflatoxins, aspergillic acid, cyclopiazonic acid, aflavarins, and asparasones, as well as other metabolites. Altogether, our results confirm the monophyly of A. korhogoensis, and strengthen its position in the A. flavus clade, as the sister taxon of A. parvisclerotigenus.

Published
2017

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