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Capitalism, in its incessant search for profit, tends to permanently generate crises. Historically, the state has been a determining actor to act with a view to recovering capital accumulation. From the crisis that began in the mid-1960s, the state, mainly through public debt, gained centrality in strategies to combat the crisis. The answers commonly fall on the retraction of investments in social policies. In Brazil, submission to neoliberal policy since the 1990s has resulted in fiscal adjustment that required a series of counterreforms in social policies, especially social security. The qualitative documentary-based research undertaken found that the dispute over public funds in Brazil has meant an expanded process of allocating resources to public debt to the detriment of investment in health, education, social assistance, and social security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Capitalism, in its incessant search for profit, tends to permanently generate crises. Historically, the state has been a determining actor to act with a view to recovering capital accumulation. From the crisis that began in the mid-1960s, the state, mainly through public debt, gained centrality in strategies to combat the crisis. The answers commonly fall on the retraction of investments in social policies. In Brazil, submission to neoliberal policy since the 1990s has resulted in fiscal adjustment that required a series of counterreforms in social policies, especially social security. The qualitative documentary-based research undertaken found that the dispute over public funds in Brazil has meant an expanded process of allocating resources to public debt to the detriment of investment in health, education, social assistance, and social security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sacral historical monuments are primarily places of prayer, but also objects performing numerous other functions. These are public goods, including cultural goods that build national identity. Their preservation in the right condition is important not only for the owner, but also for the public authorities, whose duty is to preserve them for future generations. The study concerns the financing of sacral monuments in Poland. Its aim is to indicate the legitimacy of financing the revalorization of sacral monuments from public funds, the solutions applied in this area in Poland, and the sources and amount of support provided to the owners of these objects in the years 2017–2022. In it, the authors: (1) refer to such concepts as: public good, cultural good and cultural heritage, (2) define—based on Polish regulations—the concept of a sacral monument and indicate the multiplicity of functions that these objects perform, (3) present the number and types of sacral monuments in Poland, taking into account their location, (4) identify available sources of public funds for the revalorization of sacral monuments in Poland. The analyses carried out show that in Poland, every year, public funds play an important role in the revalorization of sacral historical monuments. In real terms, its volume remained at a similar level over the period considered. The methods used in the development are as follows: critical analysis of the literature and legal acts and selected methods of descriptive statistics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the trajectory of the privatization of public services and urban infrastructures in Brazil, discussing the meanings, continuities, and changes in this process through the dissemination of concession contracts and public-private partnerships (PPP). The hypothesis put forward is that the spread of concessions is a product of sophisticated real estate-financial operations, defined as a social construction through political, economic, and institutional interventions, enabling attractive returns to private investors and impacting social relations of production and the characteristics of the resulting infrastructures (segments, sizes, and geographies). These operations place real estate rents at the center of discussions regarding the privatization of infrastructures. The dominance of distinct expropriation mechanisms over the studied period gives rise to particular sociospatial forms of provision for urban infrastructures and services, alternating between large development projects supported by substantial state subsidies (2012-2014) and the generalization of processes of enclosure of public properties through intensified subordination to more rent-seeking logics (2018-2020). The results illuminate that the privatization and financialization of urban infrastructures in Brazil are characterized by the permanent centrality of the State in transferring public funds in conjunction with the production of new forms of ownership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the types of archival material created by public legal entities in the field of culture. In addition to the records typical of all such creators, a variety of material unique to them is created or collected in libraries, galleries, theatres, cultural institutions, the Republic of Slovenia Public Fund for Cultural Activities, and museums. The legislation that determines the work of the listed creators, their division, and the management organisation in which certain types of material are created are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes current trends in the world of capital, which is in crisis and decay especially since 2008, with the COVID-19 pandemic and its recent developments. It also considers the impacts of these processes on thinking about projects for Brazil, after the results of the 2022 elections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Considering the significant impact, but vulnerable position occupied by the smallholder farmers within the Indonesian palm oil industry, ensuring their access to a reliable source of finance is crucial to ensure the sustainability of palm oil in Indonesia. Public funds are one of the resources that can be used to provide this kind of financial support for palm smallholders. Therefore, it is important to ensure accessibility of smallholder's farmers to public funds. However, the government has not been able to effectively leverage available public financing tools and programs in ways that generate meaningful impact to address productivity and environmental sustainability challenges. This study identifies major gaps in available public financing tools through certain common palm oil industry cases, followed by a deep analysis on the implications of the gap over institutional public financing strategies and major beneficiaries, particularly to address smallholder farmers. To address these challenges, this study also tries to propose three actionable solutions such as better enforcement of land certification and use permit, maximizing ISPO as an industry sustainability standard, and developing a more consistent smallholders typology that can refocus public financing strategies effectively to achieve Indonesia's sustainable palm oil industry goals in the long run. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims to analyze the effects of fiscal policy on tax waivers in the formation of the public fund of the State of Piauí in the 2015-2018 quadrennium. For that, it carried out a documentary research on the websites of the Piauí State Finance Department and the Piauí State Planning Department. The data were extracted from the State General Balance Sheets, Budget Guidelines Laws and the annexes of the Annual Budget Laws for that period, in addition to information required by the Ombudsman of SEFAZ-PI, and TCE-PI and the General Ombudsman of the State of Piauí (OGE -PI), based on the Access to Information Act (LAI). It is concluded that in 04 years there was an amount of more than R$ 2 billion in waivers, reducing the amount of revenue and the possibility of autonomously financing public policies, especially social policies of the State of Piauí.

This paper proposes to discuss the public fund and the projects that dispute the expenses, the funding and the directions of Brazil's mental health policy, with focus on the analysis of federal government's budget. It consists of a bibliographic and documental review that utilizes secondary data, obtained from official federal government websites and researches on the social security budget, analyzed with the critic dialectic method. It is observed that the public funding is tensed by distinct interests, and it is no different on the mental health policy. From 2001 and on, the financing of the community based psychosocial attention services is made broader and the SUS healthcare model is strengthened, based on the anti-asylum Psychiatric Reform. However, since 2005, interests from corporate, religious and medical entities groups, among others, have gained strength on the political agenda and on the dispute for the public fund, putting in risk the historical conquers of the mental health, alcohol, and other drug's policy in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Ciência e Movimento: RBCM is the property of Revista Brasileira de Ciencia e Movimento and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Economic Administrative & Legal Sciences is the property of Arab Journal of Sciences & Research Publishing (AJSRP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Physical Education Institute / Shanghai Tiyu Xueyuan Xuebao is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Shanghai University of Sport and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article aims to analyze the budgetary execution of public funds resources specifically destined for actions to combat Covid-19, within the scope of the state of public calamity that Brazil is experiencing, problematizing the policy of fiscal austerity, in particular, the effects EC 95 in public spending. To this end, it carried out a survey of budgetary execution in the SIGA Brasil system of the Federal Senate and budgetary data made available on the Covid Panel by the Independent Fiscal Institute. The results of the analysis demonstrate that austerity policies have been causing a devastating effect on Brazilian social spending, imploding the structure of resources linked to social policies defined in the 1988 Constitution. The execution of budgetary actions related to the new corona virus is below what is necessary, especially in public health policy. The public fund that prioritizes the payment of interest on public debt has proved insufficient to face the challenges and effects of the worsening social inequalities, unemployment and hunger that plagues the country in times of pandemic in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It aims to explain the process of formulation and management of social policies set in the state functions, demonstrating the importance of public fund dispute in the execution of planning. From literature research, seeks the particularities of dependent capitalism and the mechanisms that shape the class struggle in this context. Also, highlights the historical relationship between planning and Brazilian administrative order, which combines elements of bureaucracy with paternalism, both appropriated by capital in its expansion period in the country. Then treats the theoretical perspectives and concepts about management and planning as a contradictory process. Therefore, the work situates the public fund and the budget as key elements for the reproduction of capital in ever- -increasing scale, but also for the reproduction of labor and execution of social policies.

Copyright of Revista Debates is the property of Revista Debates and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The creation of SUS (the Brazilian Unified Healthcare System) occurs during the rise of neoliberalism as the political hegemony arising in Brazil in the 1990s. Responding to the crisis of capital in search of a return to profit rates, this period brought profound modifications to the Brazilian state and to social policies, which are increasingly put at the service of capital, even if, in the long run, they maintain their role of guaranteeing the reproduction of the working class and social cohesion. This historical relationship between public and private in the Brazilian healthcare sector, interceded by the roles of the state and of public funding in its regulation and financing, respectively, will then gain new formats and new determinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reformed pension system in the Republic of North Macedonia has created an interest based on three poles: legal, financial and social. Therefore, the paper aims to provide not only overview of the North Macedonian pension legislative, the model of financing of the reformed pension system but also to take into account the social character of the pension system. Following the basic European values and the interception of the EC recommendations that were underline in the last 10 years for North Macedonia, the country remains moderately prepared in this area. The rapidly increased expenditure on pensions and the efforts to improve the legal, institutional and social framework on the North Macedonian pension system became new burden for the Public Pension Fund. Therefore, the sustainability and the efficiency of the contemporary pension system is under question mark. This paper will explore the major challenges and opportunities that were foster by the new pension reforms from the reconstructed pension system. The one-pillared based system (Pay As You Go system-- based on principle of generation solidarity,) has become system based on three pillars (fully funded mandatory pension insurance and fully funded voluntary pension insurance). Regarding the legal and financial aspects of the reformed pension system, there will be three areas of research emphasis: delayed transfer of funds from the state pension insurance fund to private funds, the procedures for supervising voluntary pension insurance schemes and the limits on investing in non-domestic securities. These three aspects resulted in a breach of the legislation on the management of deposits in Republic of North Macedonia, and they were not in line with the acquis under Financial Services Chapter that consists mostly of legal arrangements concerning with capital markets, insurance (including individual pension systems) and banking sectors. This is why they found their place in the annual reports (for 2015, 2016 and 2018) of the European Commission on the Republic of North Macedonia in negative connotation. Analysis of the legislation, as well as comparing the legislation with EU recommendation, is expected to answer the question if our country is complying with the recommendations. The paper will be based on a legal, comparative, analytical and synthetic method that will provide a multidisciplinary approach in acquiring knowledge and in delivering results that will be of relevance to all involved stakeholders (future pensioners, pension funds, central and decentralized government). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]