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Knowing international market is a basis for segmentation and making right and timely marketing decisions regarding wine export. In this piece, we have analized the international wine market, and determined changes in international turnover, with largest importers and exporters for the period of 2001 - 2011. The average wine export in the world was 8,4 tons, with a growth tendency of 5,0% per year. Converted in money, the average export amounted to 22 billion US Dollars, which makes wine one of the most valuable of all agricultural products. The largest exporter is Italy with 1,8 million tons (21% of the whole world's turnover). Italy's wine export is increasinf at the rate of 4,14% per year. Large exporters are also France, Spain, Australia and Chile, which all amount to two thirds (68%) of the world's wine export. Besides France, whose export is decreasing, all of the abovementioned countries have increased their wine export to the international market. World's import is growing a bit slower than the export. It is a sign of a relative stagnation of demand, on the international market. The largest wine importer in the world is Germany with 1,3 million tons (17% of the world's import). Large importers are also the UK, USA, Russia and France, which take up more than half of the world's wine import (58%). All of the abovemnetioned countries have increased tendency of wine import. Within the next period, we can expect stagnation of international turnover, due to the world's economic crisis. Current world's trend is consummation of light, muscat, aromatic white wines, and when it comes to red wine - customers prefer fresh, aromatic, fruit wine. We are expecting to see the growth of rose and organic wine (made out of organic grape).

Chapter from: AGRI-FOOD SECTOR IN SERBIA: STATE AND CHALLENGES

Foreign trade of agro-industrial products and the liberalization of trade exhibits in addition a number of benefits and risks of aggravating circumstances. For food producers in Serbia the process of trade liberalization is a tough competition. This implies the necessity of raising the technological level of production, productivity, efficiency and application of marketing management. Increased competition in the domestic market should contribute to increasing the quality and supply of goods. It is realistic to expect a decline in product prices, which in perspective could be a problem to domestic producers, reducing their income. However, this process allows consumers a wider choice of cheaper goods. The subject of this paper is the foreign trade of agro-industrial products of the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Macedonia within the framework of the CEFTA agreement signed in accordance with the agreement on free trade. It contributes to the Western Balkan to become economically integrated area for goods and services. It also should be a distinctive destination for foreign investment. The aim of the research is considering possibilities of improving and expanding foreign trade of agro-industrial products of the Republic of Serbia, as well as the reduction of imports from the Republic of Macedonia. The task is, among other things, to quantify the change in order to gain insight on the movement and actual trends, as well as to determine the mutual interdependence of the factors that influenced the dominant tendencies manifested.

Main goal of paper is to observe expressed trends and structure of foreign trade exchange of Republic of Serbia with agricultural - food products. In paper was analyzed foreign trade exchange within following sectors according Standard International Trade Classification (SITC): sector 0- food and live animals, sector 1- beverages and tobacco, part of sector 2- raw materials, except fuel and sector 4- animal and plant oils and fats. Within the sectors, in detail was analyzed foreign trade exchange per products' sections, according the before mentioned classification In foreign trade exchange with agricultural - food products Republic of Serbia achieved average annual surplus of around 286 million USD. In observed period, surplus was gained in trade with products from sector food and live animals, and sector animal and plant fats and oils, while in trade with products from other sectors was gained deficit. .

Viticulture and wine production are important industries in most of the countries who have signed CEFTA agreement. The countries of this region have favorable environmental conditions for a high production of grapes and wine. The subject and purpose of the research is to understand the trends of production, export and import in the countries of CEFTA region. Source of data is FAO database (Food and Agriculture Organization - FAO), for the time period 2000-2009. Average wine production in the given region is 610 million liters with a tendency of slight decrease at an average annual rate of 2.81%. Average wine export for countries of this group is the 243.5 million liters, with a tendency of slight decrease at a rate of 1.74%. Export price of wine is 0.9 dollars per liter, which indicates that lower quality categories of wine (table wine) are mainly being exported. The most important exporter is Moldova with the participation of 63% of total exports from the region. Import of wine is 50 million liters with a trend of significant growth at an average rate of 12.44% per year. The largest importer is the Republic of Serbia with a share of 46.7% of the region. Countries in the region are achieving a positive trade balance of wine, averagely over 190 million liters. It is necessary to increase the production of wine with changes in the structure with regard to quality. .

The basic aim of researches is to perceive demonstrated trends, structure and regional destination of export of vegetable and processed vegetable from the Republic of Serbia. Fresh and processed vegetable - frozen, dried (dehydrated) and canned vegetable are being analyzed in this paper. Authors gives suggestions that must increase vegetable export. Export of vegetable and processed vegetable realized growth tendency. In export the most participation has fresh vegetable (26,2%), then frozen vegetable (25,2%), canned vegetable (23,1%) and dried vegetable (21,2%). Absence of marketing concept of economic entity, absence of national institution assistance and agrarian protectionism of developed countries are restrictive factor of export promotion from the Republic of Serbia. Osnovni cilj istraživanja jeste da sagleda ispoljene trendove, strukturu i regionalnu destinaciju izvoza povrća i prerađevina od povrća iz Republike Srbije. Analiza je rađena za sveže i prerađeno povrće - smrznuto, sušeno (dehidrirano) i konzervisano (sterilizovano i pasterizovano) povrće. Autori, takođe, daju i predloge koji treba da doprinesu povećanju izvoza. Izvoz povrća i prerađevina ostvaruje tendenciju rasta. U strukturi izvoza najveće učešće ima sveže povrće (26,2%), sledi smrznuto (25,2%), konzervisano (23,1%) i sušeno povrće (21,2%) i ostalo povrće (4,3%). Odsustvo marketing koncepta privrednih subjekata, značajnija pomoć države i agrarni protekcionizam razvijenih zemalja predstavljaju limitirajući činilac unapređenja izvoza povrća iz naše zemlje.

Osnovni cilj istraživanja jeste da se izgradi brend koji će organski proizvod pojedinog proizvođača da razlikuje od proizvoda drugih proizvođača, stavljajući akcenat na njegovu prepoznatljivost, diferenciranost i lakšu identifikaciju kao i na učvršćivanje veza i razvijanje partnerskih odnosa sa potrošačima. Brend je postao izuzetno značajan deo marketinga uz pomoć kojeg se kreira vrednost za potrošače na tržištu i otuda i potreba da se njime upravlja. Pored navedenog, cilj istraživanja jeste da istraži stavove i mišljenja ispitanika o organskim poljoprivredno-prehrambenim proizvodima i njihovim brendovima. Za dobijanje podataka o stavovima i mišljenjima ispitanika primenjen je metod ispitivanja pomoću anketnog upitnika. Tržište organskih poljoprivredno-prehrambenih proizvoda je u ekspanziji u svetu i potrošači pokazuju značajnu rastuću lojalnost. Sa razvojem tržišta ovih proizvoda i u cilju boljeg nastupa na tržištu proizvođačima nameće se potreba kreiranja i razvoja brenda koji će omogućiti lojalnost potrošača, sigurniji i bolji plasman i veći profit. Organska poljoprivredno-prehrambena proizvodnja ima trend rasta i sve značajniju ulogu u razvoju sektora poljoprivredne i prehrambene industrije u Republici Srbiji. Organska poljoprivreda jeste delatnost kroz koju Srbija može i treba da stvori svoj proizvod, odnosno kasnije brend koji će biti konkurentan i prepoznatljiv na svetskom tržištu sa pozitivnim imidžom kod potrošača. Potrebno je da proizvođači razvijaju brend kako bi uspešno nastupili kako na domaćem tako i na međunarodnom tržištu. Prilikom brendiranja organskih poljoprivredno-prehrambenih proizvoda i njihovom plasiranju na tržištu neophodno je poznavati potrošače, njihove specifičnosti, navike i ponašanje kako bi se ostvario tržišni uspeh. Organski poljoprivredno-prehrambeni proizvodi ne ispunjavaju samo svoju funkcionalnu vrednost odnosno za ishranu, oni govore o njihovim proizvođačima ali i potrošačima, njihovom načinu života, kulturnim karakteristikama, verovanjima i vrednostima. Potrošači postaju ekološki svesniji,više je izražena briga za zdravlje. U Republici Srbiji povećava se interesovanje za organske poljoprivredno-prehrambene proizvode. Briga za zdravlje u velikoj meri determiniše odluku o izdvajanju više sredstava za kupovinu i konzumiranje organske hrane. Cena i visina dohotka ispitanika predstavljaju osnovne limitirajuće činioce tražnje organskih poljoprivrednoprehrambenih proizvoda. Niska kupovna moć stanovništva otežava potrošačima da ionako visoke izdatke za ishranu uvećaju kupovinom skupljih organskih proizvoda. Koncept brenda sve više dobija na značaju zbog prednosti koje donosi, kako za organskog proizvođača kojima omogućava sigurniji plasman i veće premijske cene, tako i potrošačima kojima olakšava izbor, skraćuje vreme kupovine i pruža veću sigurnost u kvalitet organskih proizvoda. Proizvođači organske hrane treba da marketinškim aktivnostima od robne marke naprave brend čime će imati konkurentsku prednost na tržištu. Na taj način stvara se lojalnost potrošača i povećava prodaja a samim tim ostvaruju se i bolji finansijski rezultati. Vrednost brenda organskih poljoprivredno-prehrambenih proizvoda usko je povezana sa lojalnošću potrošača organskih proizvoda. Lojalnost potrošača pretpostavka je stabilnog nivoa proizvodnje i prodaje organskih poljoprivredno-prehrambenih proizvoda. Brendiranje u užem smislu uključuje odluke povezane sa izborom elemenata identiteta tj. stvaranje imena, logoa, dizajna. U širem smislu obuhvata čitav niz strategija i postupaka kojima se definišu zajednički i specifični elementi i njihovo uklapanje u postojeći portfolio organskog proizvoda sa ciljem da se brend izdvoji ne samo vizuelno već i u svesti potrošača. Snaga brenda zasniva se na imidžu brenda i locirana je u svesti potrošača. Imidž brenda organskih poljoprivredno-prehrambenih proizvoda je način na koji je brend percipiran od strane potrošača. Postojanje jakih, povoljno ocenjenih asocijacija koje su jedinstvene za brend i impliciranje superiornosti preko brenda su kritične a često puta i odlučujuće za uspeh brenda. Kreiranjem pozitivnog imidža brendova organskih proizvoda proizvođači stvaraju pozitivnu sliku ili percepciju kod potrošača što vodi njihovom favorizovanju u procesu kupovine i potrošnje., The main objective of this study is to build a brand that will differentiate organic products of an individual producer from products of other producers, with an emphasis on their recognizability, differentiation and easy identification, as well as on establishing and maintaining strong relations and partnership with consumers. Brand has become an extremely significant segment of marketing which contributes to creating value for consumers in the market; hence the need to be managed. Besides this, research goal is to explore the respondents′ attitudes and opinions about organic agricultural-foodstuff products and their brands. The research method used to obtain the data on the respondents′attitudes and opinions was a questionnaire. The market for organic agricultural products is expanding worldwide and the consumers of organic products are showing significant increasing loyalty. With the development of the market for organic products and in order to improve performance on the market by producers of organic agricultural products, there arises the need to create and develop a brand that will enable consumer loyalty, a safer and better placement, as well as bigger profits. The organic agricultural-food production is on the rise and is getting a more significant role in the development of agricultural and food industry in the Republic of Serbia. Organic farming is the activity through which Serbia can and should create its own product, i.e. brand that will be competitive and recognizable in the world market, having a positive image among consumers. It is necessary for producers to develop the brand in order to have a successful appearance both on the domestic and international market. When branding and marketing organic agricultural-food products, it isnecessary to be familiar with consumers, their specific characteristics, habits and behavior, all in order to achieve success in the market. Not only do organic agricultural-food products have their functional, i.e. nutritional value, they also say much about their producers, but also about their consumers, their lifestyle, cultural characteristics, beliefs and values. Consumers are becoming more and more environmentally aware, whereas health concerns are more expressed. Interest in organic agricultural-foodstuff products in the Republic of Serbia is increasing. The decision on the allocation of more funds for purchase and consumption of organic food is largely determined by health concerns. The price of organic food and the respondents′ level of income are the main limiting factors affecting the demand for organic agricultural-foodstuff products. Due to low purchasing power of the population, it is difficult for consumers to increase already high food expenditures by purchasing organic products, which are even more expensive. The concept of brand is gaining importance because of the benefits it brings, both for organic farmers whom it provides secure product marketing and higher premium rates, and for consumers whom it provides easier selection, shortens the purchase time and secures greater confidence in the quality of organic products. Organic farmers should use marketing activities to transform their trademark into a brand, which will provide them with a competitive advantage in the market. In this way, consumer loyalty is created and sales increase, leading to better financial results. The brand equity of organic agricultural products is closely linked to loyalty of the consumers of organic agricultural products. Consumer loyalty is essential for he stable level of production and sale of organic agricultural products. In narrow sense, branding includes decisions related to the selection of identity elements, i.e. creating the name, logo, design. In a broader sense, it includes a whole range of policies and procedures used to define common and specific components and their integration into the existing portfolio of an organic product in order to make the brand distinctive, not only visually, but also in the consumers’ minds. The strength of a brand lies in its image and resides in the consumers′ consciousness. The image enjoyed by a brand of organic food products is the manner in which the brand is perceived by consumers. Having powerful, favourably evaluated associations uniquely identifiable with the brand and subtle implications of its superiority are of the essence and very often decisive for the brand′s success. The creation of a positive image for a brand of organic food products instils a positive impression or perception in consumers resulting in preference for these products, both for the purpose of purchasing and consumption.