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Ptilidium ciliare is so common in the North Holarctic and hypothetically morphologically uniform that possible diversification may have been overlooked. Previous results however showed the presence of “cryptic” diversity within the species. In the present investigation we show: 1) this diversity is not cryptic, 2) the taxon we describe as P. himalayanum has at least a Sino-Himalayan range, and 3) it occupies a morphologically intermediate position between what has traditionally been treated as P. ciliare and P. pulcherrimum. Both latter taxa are only slightly diverged genetically, and sometimes morphological discrimination is challenging such that both are better treated as varieties or subspecies within a single species.

Экологическая культура и охрана окружающей среды: III Дорофеевские чтения : материалы междунар. науч.-практ. конференции, Витебск, 28-29 октября 2020 г.. - Витебск : ВГУ имени П. М. Машерова, 2020. - С. 218-220. - Библиогр.: с. 220 (2 назв.)., В результате проведения геоботанических исследований сосняков мшистых на территории ландшафтного заказника республиканского значения "Гродненская Пуща" и в его окрестностях выявлено ряд новых местопроизрастаний редких и исчезающих видов растений.

Arctic environment is very sensitive to anthropogenic pollutants, especially in terms of radionuclide contamination which persists in polar regions due to very slow biological turnover rate. The main aim of the study was to determine concentrations of 137Cs in selected cryptogamic species (bryophytes and lichens) in different areas of Svalbard archipelago in the period 1985–2017 and thus recognize the level of 137Cs contamination in Svalbard as well as to indicate the best fallout originated radionuclide bioindicators in the Arctic region. The 137Cs activity was measured in 31 samples of cryptogams (Cetraria islandica (L.) Ach., Cetrariella delisei (Bory ex Schaer.) Karnefelt & A. Thell, Flavocetraria nivalis (L.) Karnefelt & A. Thell, Ptilidium ciliare (L.) Hampe, Racomitrium lanuginosum (Hedw.) Brid., Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske, Sphaerophorus globosus (Huds.) Vain.) collected between 1985 and 2017 at six different locations in Svalbard: Adventdalen, Bellsund, Kaffioyra, Ny-Alesund, Petuniabukta, and Sorkapp Land. Analyses showed that species R. lanuginosum and C. delisei can be recommended as the best bioindicators of changes in radioactivity level in the Arctic region.

A new acorane-type sesquiterpenoid has been isolated from Finnish Barbilophozia barbata, together with one known dolabellane- and two known fusicoccane-type diterpenoids. B. hatcheri and Ptilidium ciliare afforded previously known barbatane-, daucane- and pinguisane-type sesquiterpenoids, as well as dolabellane- and fusicoccane-type diterpenoids. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analyses.

Vegetation data from permanent plots were collected in 1931, 1961 and 1991 in a south boreal forest 20 km north of Oslo in southern Norway. Major changes were found in the vegetation composition during those 60 years. The main changes were a reduction in the frequency of species and the frequency of joint occurrences of vascular species such as Andromeda polifolia, Calluna vulgaris, Cornus suecica, Eriophorum vaginatum, Maianthemum bifolium, Melampyrum pratense, Trientalis europaea, Vaccinium uliginosum and V. oxycoccus, and mosses, e.g. Dicranum fuscescens, Hylocomium splendens, Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilidium ciliare and Ptilium crista-castrensis. The observed changes were interpreted as being induced by internal processes e.g. notably a long-term change from paludified forest to mesic forest. In particular the growth of Picea abies seems to be a main driving force. The dominance of Picea abies and Vaccinium myrtillus appears to have rendered the conditions more unfavourable for other species. A doubling of the living stem biomass of P. abies during the last 67 yr shows that this old-growth forest has not yet reached a steady state. It was demonstrated that species such as Deschampsia flexuosa and Molinia caerulea did not increase in frequency in response to nitrogen deposition, as has occurred elsewhere in northern Europe. pH in the humus layer increased with 0.2 unit from 1961 to 1991. The results of this study indicate that protection from logging has initiated the reduction of species in the field layer and bottom layer. This study questions if monitoring of forest vegetation should be restricted to protected forests as is the practice in Scandinavia today. We recommend that also areas with some kind of selective cutting will be used for monitoring of forest vegetation.

The feather moss community in upland black spruce stands is dominated by Pleurozium schreberi, with small pure colonies and mixtures of ubiquitous and apparently persistent minor species. Previous studies indicated that this spatial pattern is not due to microsite conditions. This study tested the hypothesis that the minor species persist by dynamic occupation of small disturbance-type gaps. Colonization of experimental gaps (10 cm diameter, three substrate types) was tracked over 2 years to determine (i) how Pleurozium and the three minor species colonize gaps and (ii) how characteristics of the gaps affect colonization. All species colonized by encroachment of surrounding vegetative shoots. Availability of propagules, i.e., species composition of the surrounding bed, had the greatest impact, but regeneration of two species was affected by substrate: Ptilium growth was reduced on spruce needles, whereas that of Ptilidium was increased. Pleurozium schreberi displayed the most rapid growth in terms of shoot encroachment regardless of gap characteristics. By virtue of its abundant propagules and rapid growth, Pleurozium is most likely to colonize randomly located disturbance-type gaps, hence maintaining its dominance. Differentiation in regeneration characteristics does not account for the persistence of the minor species in the community. Keywords: Pleurozium schreberi, Ptilium crista-castrensis, Dicranum polysetum, Ptilidium ciliare, gap dynamics, community structure.

The small, phylogenetically isolated liverwort genus Ptilidium has been regarded as of cool-Gondwanic origin with the bipolar, terrestrial Ptilidium ciliare giving rise to the Northern Hemisphere epiphytes Ptilidium pulcherrimum and Ptilidium californicum. This hypothesis is examined using a dataset including three chloroplast DNA regions from 134 Ptilidium accessions and one accession each of its closest relatives Trichocoleopsis and Neotrichocolea. Maximum likelihood and parsimony analyses point to a close relationship between P. ciliare and P. pulcherrimum, whereas P. californicum is placed sister to the remainder of the genus, separated by a long branch. Haplotype analysis and our phylogeny indicate the presence of Southern Hemisphere haplotypes of P. ciliare in the Northern Hemisphere, and shared haplotypes of P. ciliare and P. pulcherrimum between Europe and North America. Based on our findings, we reject the Gondwana-scenario and propose recent long distance dispersal as an explanation for the bipolar disjunct range. Ptilidium ciliare is resolved as paraphyletic with P. pulcherrimum nested within it. An isolated Ptilidium lineage with the morphology of P. ciliare from the Himalaya region likely represents a hitherto unrecognized cryptic species. Ptilidium pulcherrimum splits into a Japanese clade and a clade with accessions from Europe and North America.

Jungermannia ciliaris Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1134. 1753. "Habitat in Europa passim." RCN: 8127. Lectotype (Isoviita in Acta Bot. Fenn. 89: 7. 1970): Herb. Linn. No. 1267.29 (LINN). Current name: Ptilidium ciliare (L.) Hampe (Ptilidiaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part J), pp. 599-607 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 602, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

In the feather moss community under mature upland Picea mariana in northern Ontario, four bryophyte species coexist over periods of decades. The bryophytes comprise a thick, dense carpet with more or less discrete patches of Ptilium crista-castrensis, Dicranum polysetum, and Ptilidium ciliare in a matrix of Pleurozium schreberi. A previous study showed that the four species occupy microsites which overlap in temperature, light, moisture, and litter input. We used three experiments to determine whether spatial pattern was attributable to microhabitat in existing microsites. 1) Individual shoots and 10 cm diameter colonies of the four species within one stand were transplanted reciprocally and grown for one and three years, respectively. Shoot growth was evaluated as elongation; colony growth was assessed as a ratio of final:starting biomass. 2) Colonies of Ptilidium from one stand were transplanted to three microsites in a stand from which the species was absent, and growth assessed as above. 3) A thick layer of spruce needle litter was applied to one of each pair of preweighed colonies, and growth assessed as above. All four species were cabable of surviving in all microsites currently occupied by others in their community, at least over three growing seasons. A single episode ofheavy needle deposition enhanced growth ofallfour species. This suggests that spatial pattern is not due to habitat partitioning, but does not rule out slow competitive exclusion by vigorous/invasive growers.

A pure substance has been isolated from the liverwort Ptilidium ciliare of composition C 15 H 22 O. On the basis of the correlation of its IR and PMR spectra with those of pinguisone (I), it has been assigned structure of deoxopinguisone (II). This was confirmed by comparison with synthetic deoxopinguisone prepared from authentic pinguisone isolated from Aneura pinguis .