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Objective: The objective of this study is to comprehensively understand the psychological experience of primiparous women during breastfeeding while dealing with lactating mastitis and to establish a reliable foundation for tailored support measures. Methods: Twenty primiparous mothers from a tertiary hospital in Beijing between January and March 2023 were chosen using purposive sampling for semi-structured interviews. After conducting 20 interviews, data saturation was achieved. The Colaizzi’s seven-step analytical approach was employed to analyze, summarize, and refine the identified themes. Results: Among primiparous women afflicted by lactating mastitis, the primary themes regarding breastfeeding attitudes included three key aspects: (1) uncertainty during the initial diagnosis phase, (2) intricate emotional journey during treatment, and (3) positive psychological outlook during the recovery stage. Conclusion: Primiparous women undergoing lactating mastitis experience substantial physical and psychological strain. It is crucial for medical personnel, family caregivers, and society at large to be attuned to the emotions of these patients. Tailored support measures should be offered to enhance patients’ physical and mental well-being and facilitate disease recovery.

Zi-Jing Chu,1 Xin Yin,2 Guang-Ying Zhu,3 Shan-Shan Yu,4 Hong-Yan Li2 1Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nursing, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun,People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Mental Health Branch, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xin Yin, Department of Nursing, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 of Xinmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 0431-88783361, Email yinxin10@jlu.edu.cnObjective: The purpose of this study was to explore the real inner experience and nursing needs of adolescent patients who suffered from school bullying, and to develop a treatment plan to restore adolescent mental health.Methods: Using the maximum difference sampling method, 15 adolescent patients were interviewed by psychologists and nurses, and the interview results were analyzed by topic induction.Results: Among the 15 participants, 12 (80%) felt helpless, 13 (86.7%) had serious negative emotions, and 10 (66.7%) felt anxious about personal growth. Based on the semi-structured interviews, the psychological states of participants were summarized into three themes: Helplessness, Severe negative emotions, and Anxiety about personal growth. Under the theme of serious negative emotions, it was further divided into three sub-themes: Frustration and Distrust, Rebellion, Insecurity and depression. These themes reflected the significant impact of school bullying on the psychological status of the participants.Conclusion: The internal experience of adolescent patients with mental disorders caused by school bullying mainly includes helplessness, serious negative emotions and anxiety about personal growth. It is recommended to evaluate and diagnose patients’ existing and potential health problems individually during clinical treatment and care. On the basis of comprehensive assessment, psychological counseling should be provided and support from family and school should be sought to promote positive mental health and personal growth of adolescents.Keywords: school bullying, adolescents, psychological experience, qualitative research, nursing

Recent research has demonstrated the potential of psychedelic therapy for mental health care. However, the psychological experience underlying its therapeutic effects remains poorly understood. This paper proposes a framework that suggests psychedelics act as destabilizers, both psychologically and neurophysiologically. Drawing on the 'entropic brain' hypothesis and the 'RElaxed Beliefs Under pSychedelics' model, this paper focuses on the richness of psychological experience. Through a complex systems theory perspective, we suggest that psychedelics destabilize fixed points or attractors, breaking reinforced patterns of thinking and behaving. Our approach explains how psychedelic-induced increases in brain entropy destabilize neurophysiological set points and lead to new conceptualizations of psychedelic psychotherapy. These insights have important implications for risk mitigation and treatment optimization in psychedelic medicine, both during the peak psychedelic experience and during the subacute period of potential recovery.

Background: With the development of nursing positions and nursing disciplines in China's tertiary hospitals, the number of people applying for the master's degree in nursing is also increasing year by year. Postgraduate examinations are held during internship, so nursing students face the dual pressure of testing and internship, which brings varying degrees of negative experiences and emotional fluctuations. Objective: To explore the psychological experiences and influencing factors of undergraduate nursing students under the dual pressures of clinical nursing internships and postgraduate examination preparations. Design: Descriptive qualitative study. Method: Purposeful sampling was used to recruit 18 participants from eight tertiary hospitals in China between October and December 2023. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted, with interview recordings transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was then applied to the data. Results: Four themes were identified: negative experiences under dual pressures, coping mechanisms for negative experiences, motivational effects under dual pressures, and evaluations of significant individuals. Nursing students improved their overall abilities through internships and exam preparations, gaining a clear understanding of themselves and certain hospital roles. However, at this stage, students also experienced adverse psychological experiences for various reasons. Thus, they employed several methods to alleviate their psychological stress, aiming for a better state to face internships and exam preparations. Conclusion: Schools and hospitals should pay more attention to the needs of nursing students under dual pressures, monitoring their emotional states, and providing psychological support to enhance their stress-coping abilities. It is important to ensure the overall well-being of students while strengthening the motivational effects of internships and learning experiences.

The essay links a broader sociological and literary studies approach to the issue of old age, ageing, and ageism. On the basis of research in the field of sociology and gerontology, it outlines dominant tendencies that point to the social and individual reception of older age. The article then looks at how ageing-related processes are portrayed in Slovak poetry written by women over the age of sixty-five. The essay captures the basic thematic and motivic frameworks used by selected women poets to depict ageing and looks at how the transformations of the body are mirrored in the inner psychological experience of the lyrical subjects and focuses on the quality of such interpersonal relationships in the establishment or cultivation of which age can play an important role. The article also poses the question whether this period of life can be thought of as the so-called autumn of life, which has rather negative associations attached to it, or whether it can be, on the contrary, understood as a source of new opportunities, the so-called new spring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundThis study aimed to quantitatively assess stress, anxiety and obsessive thinking related to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and qualitatively appraise perceptions in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing cardiac rehabilitation (CR) during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe used mixed-methods design in patients referred for CR in 2 centres which delivered uninterrupted service during COVID-19 pandemic. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS), COVID-19 Stress Scale (CSS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and in-person interviews (combination of a priori questions and probing) were used to evaluate patient experience and perceptions with COVID-19 and the healthcare services during pandemic.ResultsIn total, 109 patients (mean age 59 ± 10, 20% women) were included in quantitative part and in 30 of them we conducted the in-person interviews. About a quarter of patients met HADS threshold for anxiety and depression while CAS and OCS results demonstrated extremely low possibility of coronavirus related dysfunctional thinking (3%) and anxiety (2%). The CSS indicated the most prevalent concerns were related to COVID-19 vaccines safety (60%) and fear of getting infected (60%). During interviews, patients perceived the CR as well as health care providers as safe, trustworthy and with enough support to avoid or manage COVID-19 related health risks.ConclusionsOverall, patients reported AMI affected their lives more than the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 related stress and anxiety were relatively low and mostly related to general views of infectious disease. CR was perceived safe and trustworthy in terms of primary disease and COVID-19.Lay summaryThis mixed-method study included 109 patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent cardiac rehabilitation during the COVID-19 and focused on their experience and perceptions with COVID-19 and the healthcare services during pandemic.-Patients reported acute myocardial infarction affected their lives more than the COVID-19 pandemic.-The COVID-19 related concerns were mostly related to general views of infectious disease (vaccine safety, fear of getting infected) whilst cardiac rehabilitation was perceived safe and trustworthy environment during COVID-19.

Abstract Background Clinical nurses are susceptible to compassion fatigue when exposed to various types of traumatic events in patients for extended periods of time. However, the developmental process, staging, and psychological responses distinct to each stage of compassion fatigue in nurses are not fully clarified. This study aimed to explore the processes of compassion fatigue and the psychological experiences specific to each phase of compassion fatigue among clinical nurses. Methods Charmaz’s Constructivist Grounded Theory methodology was used in this qualitative research. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 clinical nurses with varying degrees of compassion fatigue from December 2020 to January 2021. Interview data were analyzed using grounded theory processes. Results The data were categorized into five separate categories and 22 sub-categories. This study found that the process of compassion fatigue is dynamic and cumulative, which was classified into five phases: compassion experience period, compassion decrement period, compassion discomfort period, compassion distress period, and compassion fatigue period. Conclusion Clinical nurses who experience compassion fatigue may go through five stages that are stage-specific and predictable. The findings can shed light on local and global applications to better understand the problem of nurses’ compassion fatigue. The interventions for addressing compassion fatigue in clinical nurses should be stage-specific, targeted, and individualized.

PURPOSE This study explored psychological experiences in long jump competitions and examined the continuity of psychological experiences over time. METHODS A total of 28 adult long jumpers, 18 men and 10 women, were provided data through in-depth interviews. Data on psychological experiences were extraced through inductive content analysis, while continuity by period was analyzed by calculating the response frequency ratio using Excel. RESULTS First, the psychological experience in the long jump competition was categorized as fundamental, competition intelligence, emotional control, and communication capacity experience. Second, in long jump competitions, results showed that jumpers experienced mixed feelings of anxiety and pressure, self-confidence, and concentration in the first period; peer communication and analysis thinking were necessary in the second period; practical intelligence and pressure control were important in the third period; learning ability and creativity were crucial in the fourth period; learning ability and coach communication were applied in the fifth period; and fighting spirit and creativity were present in the sixth period. Third, the psychological experience of long jumpers by period, basicphysical strength was maintained; competition intelligence increased in the second and fourth periods; communication skills increased until the fifth period, and decreased after; while emotional control decreased. This reflects the contextual changes over time andthe change in competition records owing to that. CONCLUSIONS In the long jump competition, psychological experience changes by period and affects competition records. This study will contribute to further understanding of psychological continuity.

BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） is a serious global public health issue and an important risk factor for suicide attempts and completed suicide. The incidence of NSSI among adolescents in China is 27.4%. Therefore， it is critical to address NSSI and prevent its progression into more severe mental health conditions.ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the psychological experiences and needs of adolescents with NSSI behavior， so as to provide references for formulating targeted intervention strategies for this demographic.MethodsA computer search was conducted across a total of eleven databases， including Cochrane Library， Embase， PubMed， PsycINFO， Web of Science， CINAHL， Medline， CNKI， Wanfang， VIP and CBM， to gather qualitative research on the psychological experiences and needs of adolescents with NSSI behavior. The search extended from the establishment of these databases up to March， 2023. The Australian Joanna Briggs Institute （JBI） qualitative research quality evaluation tools were used to evaluate the included literature， and a Meta-synthesis method was used to integrate the results.ResultsA total of 11 studies were included， yielding 46 research findings. Similar findings were consolidated into 10 new categories， ultimately resulting in 5 synthesized outcomes， including interpersonal conflict， academic pressure and self-reflective struggles， self-injurious behaviors intertwined with inner emotions， the power of love to overcome helplessness， and adjustment and seeking positive coping strategies.ConclusionAdolescents often have experienced negative life events before NSSI behaviors， with notable conflicts in interpersonal relationships， academic pressures and family education. Following NSSI behavior， they undergo various psychological experiences， such as transient feelings of relief， dependence and guilt. In addition， they crave guidance and assistance from professionals to cope with negative emotions.［Funded by Social Psychological Service and Crisis Intervention in 2022 （number， LZXL-202213）］

Dian Eka Kusuma Wardani,1,* Andi Melantik Rompegading,1,* Hasta Handayani Idrus2,3,* 1Department of Law, Faculty of Law, Sawerigading University Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia; 2Center for Biomedical Research, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Science Center, Cibinong – Bogor, West Java, Indonesia; 3Department of Biomedical Sciences, Postgraduate School, Hasanuddin University (UNHAS), Makassar, Indonesia*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Dian Eka Kusuma Wardani, Department of Law, Faculty of Law, Sawerigading University Makassar, Kandea Road I Number 27, Bontoala District, Makassar, Indonesia, Email dianekakusumawardani@unsamakassar.ac.id

The purpose of this study was to explore the psychological experiences of emergency department staff in northeastern Sichuan when treating patients with suicide attempts and to provide a theoretical basis for developing appropriate clinical interventions and improving mental health services for suicidal patients. Sixteen emergency department staff members who met recruitment requirements at two hospitals in Nanchong, China, were interviewed using Colizzi descriptive phenomenological analysis. The interviews were in-depth and semi-structured. The qualitative analysis of this study revealed three main themes: (1) aspects of the emotional experience that may be detrimental to helping people in crisis (e.g., sympathy and regret, confusion and bewilderment, worry and stress); (2) aspects of the cognitive experience (e.g., inability to deal with patients' psychological issues and having new perspective on the medical profession); and (3) raising awareness of mental health services. Future reform efforts should consider training medical staff in suicide prevention knowledge and communication skills, using a compassion-centered approach to alleviate the suffering of patients who attempt suicide, using the Safety Screening Scale (PSS-3), providing counselors for patients, developing family-focused interventions, and involving family members in suicide risk prevention and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Doctors are the first to fight COVID-19 and their mental health is at risk. This article aimed to investigate the psychological experiences of physicians recovered from COVID-19 disease. Phenomenological method was carried out to analyze the obtained data. Participants were 16 physicians recovered from COVID-19 disease in Yazd City from January 20th to March 1st, 2020. Samples were selected via purposive sampling and the subjects participated in-depth semi-structured interviews. Twelve main themes and 48 sub-themes were extracted, including 1- Adaptive emotional reactions, 2- Adaptive cognitive reactions, 3- Adaptive behavioral reactions, 4- Adaptive communicative reactions, 5- Adaptive spiritual reactions, 6- Adaptive copings, 7- Maladaptive Emotional reactions, 8- Maladaptive Cognitive reactions, 9- Maladaptive Behavioral reactions, 10- Maladaptive Communicative reactions, 11- Maladaptive spiritual reactions, and 12- Maladaptive Copings. According to the findings, adaptive psychological reactions and maladaptive psychological reactions can affect the psychological well-being of physicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The occurrence of schizophrenia in a family member does not only affect the patient, it has an impact on the entire family sphere. In view of this reality, we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study involving a sample of 132 relatives of schizophrenic patients in Abidjan. The results of this study showed that: -In the majority of cases (87.13%), family caregivers of schizophrenic patients were members of the nuclear family. These family carers who provided most of the care, worked for more than half (57.58%) of them in the informal sector, had at 72.22% a monthly income of less than 100,000 CFA francs (152,7 euro). All of our survey participants said they receive no outside help; - In terms of degree of involvement of relatives, it appears that parents and siblings were the most involved at 78.29% in drug costs, at 73.49% in monitoring therapeutic compliance and at 61, 36% in providing assistance with the daily needs of their loved one with schizophrenia. - Among the difficulties encountered by relatives in the care of schizophrenics, those with the highest frequencies are those of stigmatization (77.78%), financial exhaustion (73.33%), the fragility of health (62.22%), difficulties related to bed and food (53.33%) and lack of time for oneself (46.67%). - The main psychological reactions recorded at the announcement of the diagnosis of schizophrenia among our respondents were: sadness (88.89%); discouragement (86.67%) and stress (77.78%). It was however noted that during the follow-up of the patients, the main attitudes recorded by our participants in the face of this situation were: reinforcement of affection (52.67%) and moral support (35.11%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Clinical nurses are susceptible to compassion fatigue when exposed to various types of traumatic events in patients for extended periods of time. However, the developmental process, staging, and psychological responses distinct to each stage of compassion fatigue in nurses are not fully clarified. This study aimed to explore the processes of compassion fatigue and the psychological experiences specific to each phase of compassion fatigue among clinical nurses. Methods: Charmaz's Constructivist Grounded Theory methodology was used in this qualitative research. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 clinical nurses with varying degrees of compassion fatigue from December 2020 to January 2021. Interview data were analyzed using grounded theory processes. Results: The data were categorized into five separate categories and 22 sub-categories. This study found that the process of compassion fatigue is dynamic and cumulative, which was classified into five phases: compassion experience period, compassion decrement period, compassion discomfort period, compassion distress period, and compassion fatigue period. Conclusion: Clinical nurses who experience compassion fatigue may go through five stages that are stage-specific and predictable. The findings can shed light on local and global applications to better understand the problem of nurses' compassion fatigue. The interventions for addressing compassion fatigue in clinical nurses should be stage-specific, targeted, and individualized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the course of developing the strategy and theoretical and methodological foundations for designing and implementing STEM education of students, in the context of the prospects for social and labor development, it is necessary to harmonize their psychological sphere and form the ability to interact productively through education in the context of the general secondary education system. In the process of interaction, according to the proposed algorithm, with certain forms, methods and means of education, consciousness is formed at a new level of development, which is due to the ability to introspect and the accumulation of multifaceted psychological experience. The result is the ability to engage in productive activities that meet the interests, capabilities and aptitudes in the context of adaptability to employers' needs. The student's perspectives are considered as a dynamic characteristic of professional self-determination and a forecast of changes in the labor market, which allows to project the success of adaptation to existing conditions and to identify the compliance of their own capabilities with the requirements of productive activity through STEM education. Modern STEM education should ensure the formation of competence levels of students who are able to analyze productive activities and solve problems, be ready for continuous learning and development in a rapidly changing technical and technological environment. It has numerous trends, as it is dynamically developing and adapting to the requirements of the modern world and rapidly changing technologies. The trends outlined in the report indicate the systemic development of STEM education as an important component of the modern educational process aimed at preparing students for life and work in the modern innovation space. The development and implementation of STEM education is based on theoretical and methodological principles that define the basic principles and approaches to its development. These theoretical and methodological foundations help to create a basis for the productive implementation of STEM education, contributing to the development of students' competence levels and preparing them for productive interaction in the modern world. At the same time, the development of educational and methodological support (EMS) for STEM education includes several key stages and requires the cooperation of various specialists in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics. Testing and evaluating the effectiveness of organizational forms, methods and means of implementing STEM education in the process of competence formation are important for ensuring the quality of education and further improving the educational process. The next stage of further research in this area is to develop the content of STEM education and requirements for student training, which should systematize the links between the purpose, means and results of the formed qualities, values and competencies and the conditions for their productive application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chunye Dai,1,&ast; Xuelu Wang,1,&ast; Chenying Xu,1 Lina Bai,1 Yuehong Li2 1Operating Room, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Nursing Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Chenying Xu, Tel +86 021-20261099, Email xuchenying@51mch.comBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic used to be a major public health emergency which affected people worldwide, and it affected individuals’ body, mood, work and lifestyle to some extent. The pregnant woman affected by the unstable hormone will be more sensitive than normal ones. Long-term depression and anxiety could feedback on their body and lead to a host of pregnancy complications. Because pregnant women who choose cesarean section are awake during the perioperative period, to ensure safety, the degree of cooperation about psychology and behavior is relatively high, so we should know the psychological state of such a group of people.Objective: This study aims to explore psychological experience and influential factors of pregnant women who decided elective caesarean section after the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a hospital in Shanghai, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected pregnant women who selected elective cesarean section as the study objects, all participants provided informed consent and completed questionnaires, including sociodemographic questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) and General Well-Being Schedule (GWBS). Software SPSS 23.0 was used to analyze and explore the influencing factors.Results: Eligible 595 questionnaires were included in the study, the mean score of GAD-7 was 4.855 ± 3.254 and 90.699 ± 13.807 of GWBS. Generalized linear regression analysis revealed several factors that were statistically significant with the two scales, including birthplace, average monthly income, number of abortion and pregnancy complication (p < 0.01).Conclusion: The COVID-19 infection status and symptoms around infection have no statistical difference in anxiety level and general well-being after they experience the COVID-19 pandemic. However, through this study, we found some influencing factors that worth further exploration. In the future, we will expand the sample size to explore the different situation of multi-center, and we hope provide psychological nursing interventions based on existing results to offer a better delivery experience.Keywords: public health emergency, cesarean section, pregnant woman, psychological experience

Abstract Aim To explore the psychological experience and coping methods of nurses exposed to workplace violence and to propose measures to prevent and control workplace violence and provide psychological assistance for health workers. Design We adopted a phenomenological qualitative design. Twelve nurses in intensive care units assisting in Wuhan who experienced workplace violence during the COVID‐19 outbreak were selected using purposeful sampling. Data were collected through semi‐structured individual telephone interviews and analysed using Colaizzi's 7‐step method. Results Analysis revealed three main categories including “Full of negative emotions”, “Facing challenges and danger” and “Coping methods”. The subjects experienced stress, fear, anger, helplessness, disappointment, sympathy and job burnout after suffering from workplace violence. The coping methods for workplace violence mainly included seeking support and help, escaping, making explanations, exercising tolerance and confronting the issue. Patient or Public Contribution No patient or public contribution since nurses' experiences were explored.

Abstract Background Since March 2022, Shanghai, China, has experienced a severe wave of SARS-CoV-2 transmission caused by the Omicron variant strain. The pandemic has severely constrained the local healthcare system. After treating critically ill COVID-19 patients, emergency nurses may experience some positive changes due to new insights or gains in their work, even if they have had traumatic experiences. This study aimed to explore the promoting factors of emergency nurses’ post-traumatic growth during the COVID-19 pandemic in Shanghai. We hoped to provide a new perspective and theoretical basis for intervening in and promoting the psychological rehabilitation of medical staff after traumatic circumstances. Methods This study employed a qualitative design based on the phenomenological approach. 18 participants from the emergency department of a third-level class-A hospital in Shanghai who participated in treating COVID-19 patients were enrolled using purposive sampling. Data collection was through in-depth and semi-structured interviews and continued until reaching data saturation. The seven-step Colaizzi process was used for data analysis. Results The investigation uncovered two themes and six subthemes. Internal factors contained self-affirmation, deliberate rumination, and cognitive restructuring, which constituted attitudes and behaviours that participants could subjectively determine. External factors included social support, transformational leadership, and role modelling, which constituted factors influenced by others or the environment. Conclusions The promoting factors of PTG of emergency nurses originated from different sources such as individuals, organizations, and society. In addition to good psychological adjustment of the individual, society, hospitals, and nursing managers should focus on establishing supportive PTG strategies. The ultimate purpose is to improve the retention rate and career growth of nurses.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to section the stages of performance development based on the track and field athletes' performance records, derive the performance development span, which was a continuum of the development stages, and extract the psychological experience of the performance development span. METHODS In this study, 56 retired track and field athletes were provided with competition records, and 10 athletes participated in in-depth interviews. With the stage of performance development partitioned using long and short-term moving averages and regression slope in PRR, a continuous of performance development span was derived. To extract psychological experiences in the performance development span, a subject analysis was conducted after an in-depth interview. RESULTS First, the track and field athletes' performance development stage calculated short and long-term moving averages in the PRR. Based on the average difference in the regression slope of the initial 20% CPR in which the long-term moving average was not calculated, it was divided into beginning, rising, peak, and decline periods. Second, the performance development span was a continuum of the stage was of performance development, and the beginning period was 0 < PRR ≤ 7, it was a time when the competition record rises sharply. The rising period was 7 < PRR ≤ 60, which was a virtuous cycle time of growth athlete. The peak period was 60 < PRR ≤ 74, which was a time when the peak record was maintained. The decline period was 74 < PRR ≤ 100, which was a time when the competition record was downward. Third, throughout the performance development span physical intelligence of track and field athletes was based on their natural physical superiority, the technical skills rises and remains at its peak and then enters a downward trend. Competitional Intelligence aims to become personalization as it matures gradually while its competition management capability and game knowledge are immature. Psychological intelligence overcomes the initial psychological atrophy to form confidence, and after experiencing psychological burden at the peak, confidence decreases. In the environmental context, the competition record rises in the early stages, continues to rise, peaks, and enters a downward trend. CONCLUSIONS Track and field athletes' performance development span was implemented as a continuum of beginning, rising, peak, and decline periods, and the psychological experience of the performance development span formed a span of physical intelligence, competitional intelligence, psychological intelligence, and environmental context.

Background　Non-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） is a serious global public health issue and an important risk factor for suicide attempts and completed suicide. The incidence of NSSI among adolescents in China is 27. 4%. Therefore， it is critical to address NSSI and prevent its progression into more severe mental health conditions. Objective　To systematically evaluate the psychological experiences and needs of adolescents with NSSI behavior， so as to provide references for formulating targeted intervention strategies for this demographic. Methods　A computer search was conducted across a total of eleven databases， including Cochrane Library， Embase， PubMed， PsycINFO， Web of Science， CINAHL， Medline， CNKI， Wanfang， VIP and CBM， to gather qualitative research on the psychological experiences and needs of adolescents with NSSI behavior. The search extended from the establishment of these databases up to March， 2023. The Australian Joanna Briggs Institute （JBI） qualitative research quality evaluation tools were used to evaluate the included literature， and a Meta-synthesis method was used to integrate the results. Results　 A total of 11 studies were included， yielding 46 research findings. Similar findings were consolidated into 10 new categories， ultimately resulting in 5 synthesized outcomes， including interpersonal conflict， academic pressure and self-reflective struggles， selfinjurious behaviors intertwined with inner emotions， the power of love to overcome helplessness， and adjustment and seeking positive coping strategies. Conclusion　Adolescents often have experienced negative life events before NSSI behaviors， with notable conflicts in interpersonal relationships， academic pressures and family education. Following NSSI behavior， they undergo various psychological experiences， such as transient feelings of relief， dependence and guilt. In addition， they crave guidance and assistance from professionals to cope with negative emotions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore the psychological experience and coping methods of nurses exposed to workplace violence and to propose measures to prevent and control workplace violence and provide psychological assistance for health workers. Design: We adopted a phenomenological qualitative design. Twelve nurses in intensive care units assisting in Wuhan who experienced workplace violence during the COVID‐19 outbreak were selected using purposeful sampling. Data were collected through semi‐structured individual telephone interviews and analysed using Colaizzi's 7‐step method. Results: Analysis revealed three main categories including "Full of negative emotions", "Facing challenges and danger" and "Coping methods". The subjects experienced stress, fear, anger, helplessness, disappointment, sympathy and job burnout after suffering from workplace violence. The coping methods for workplace violence mainly included seeking support and help, escaping, making explanations, exercising tolerance and confronting the issue. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contribution since nurses' experiences were explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Since March 2022, Shanghai, China, has experienced a severe wave of SARS-CoV-2 transmission caused by the Omicron variant strain. The pandemic has severely constrained the local healthcare system. After treating critically ill COVID-19 patients, emergency nurses may experience some positive changes due to new insights or gains in their work, even if they have had traumatic experiences. This study aimed to explore the promoting factors of emergency nurses' post-traumatic growth during the COVID-19 pandemic in Shanghai. We hoped to provide a new perspective and theoretical basis for intervening in and promoting the psychological rehabilitation of medical staff after traumatic circumstances. Methods: This study employed a qualitative design based on the phenomenological approach. 18 participants from the emergency department of a third-level class-A hospital in Shanghai who participated in treating COVID-19 patients were enrolled using purposive sampling. Data collection was through in-depth and semi-structured interviews and continued until reaching data saturation. The seven-step Colaizzi process was used for data analysis. Results: The investigation uncovered two themes and six subthemes. Internal factors contained self-affirmation, deliberate rumination, and cognitive restructuring, which constituted attitudes and behaviours that participants could subjectively determine. External factors included social support, transformational leadership, and role modelling, which constituted factors influenced by others or the environment. Conclusions: The promoting factors of PTG of emergency nurses originated from different sources such as individuals, organizations, and society. In addition to good psychological adjustment of the individual, society, hospitals, and nursing managers should focus on establishing supportive PTG strategies. The ultimate purpose is to improve the retention rate and career growth of nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Portugal has been identified as the European country with the most rapid evolution of Pediatric Palliative Care provision, where approximately 7800 children have life-limiting conditions. This is a highly complex experience not only for the children and their parental caregivers, but also for their healthy siblings and grandparents. The present descriptive-exploratory study seeks to contribute to the understanding of the psychological experience of life-limiting conditions in grandparents. A total of 19 families, consisting of 15 grandmothers and 4 grandfathers, completed a sociodemographic and clinical data sheet and a semi-structured interview was conducted in which they shared their testimony. The results of the thematic analysis highlighted an integrated view on 10 important dimensions in the grandparental experience and promoted creative responses by means of their own perspective. However, it has some limitations, such as the small sample size and the data collection procedure via telephone. The results contribute to the design of specific intervention methodologies in an ecosystemic approach and suggest further research to explore more protective factors and communication with health professionals. For psychological intervention, it is suggested considering the identification of individual and family resources that contribute to the activation of key processes in resilience and posttraumatic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the perceptions and experience of patients with sudden deafness, and provide reference for clinical interventions on sudden deafness. Methods Totally 16 patients with sudden deafness were recruited using a purposive sampling method, A face-to-face semi-structured method was adopted, and qualitative data was analyzed Colaizzis method of phenomenological analysis. Results Four themes were identified: difficulty in accepting the disease, reduced quality of life(changes in daily life, being disturbed by accompanying symptoms), uncertainty in illness(inadequate awareness of the disease, worse-than-expected treatment outcome ) and negative emotions(anxiety and depression, losing confidence in treatment). Conclusion Clinical nursing staff should pay more attention on physical and psychological needs and conflicts among patients with sudden deafness, and establish individualized and targeted nursing measures. (目的 深入了解突发性聋患者的疾病感受和体验, 为突发性聋患者的护理干预策略制订提供参考依据。方法 采用目的抽样选取突发性聋患者共16人进行访谈, 以半结构式深入访谈形式收集资料, 并采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法分析提炼主题。结果 突发性聋患者的疾病感受和体验4个主题: 难以接受疾病状态, 生活质量下降(生活状态改变、受伴随症状困扰), 疾病不确定感(疾病认知缺乏、治疗效果不及预期), 负性情绪(焦虑抑郁、对治疗失去信心)。结论 突发性聋患者在生理和心理方面存在诸多需求与困扰, 临床护理人员需予以重视, 结合患者自身需求, 制定个体化、针对性护理措施。)

This paper investigates the psychology of change management involving a technological change in the educational organization and the administrative and teaching staff. In particular, the paper delineates the staff’s psychological experience regarding the incorporation of pedagogical and educational technologies. In this regard, this article provides theoretical support based on the stimulus-organism-response theory, technological self-efficacy, and technological acceptance model and develops a theoretical model. A quantitative approach was applied to test the model, and research assumptions were drawn from the aforementioned theories. Particularly, disruptive statistics and correlation analysis were employed to test the assumption empirically by collecting data from 500 staff members. The research results highlight that a psychological response serves as the antecedent of the effectiveness of pedagogical and educational technologies, whereby the positive psychological responses (happiness, inspiration, or drive) would increase the effectiveness, while the negative psychological responses (anxiety, stress, and discomfort) would decrease it. This psychological response depends on the perceived self-efficacy and perceived ease of use of the staff, whose lower levels of the two raise the negative psychological response. Generally, to increase the effectiveness of pedagogical and educational technologies, it is essential to effectively manage the psychological well-being of the staff by reducing their negative psychological responses and developing their technological competence (self-efficacy and ability to use with ease). Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-SIED2-05 Full Text: PDF

Yachen Hu,1– 3,&ast; Xinxin Chen,1,2,&ast; Jiaxin Fan,1 Ying Huang,4 Junyan Ye,4 Fen Gu,5 Yumei Li1,2,&ast; 1School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nursing, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Oncology Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Nursing, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yumei Li, Department of Nursing, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China, Email 1500179@tongji.edu.cnPurpose: This qualitative study explores the subjective will and psychological experience of home exercise in patients with lung cancer during the interval of chemotherapy.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Following the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method, the interview data were read carefully, meaningful statements related to the research questions were extracted, coded, collected and described in detail, and the authenticity of the theme was verified.Results: The analysis revealed the home-based exercise experience of patients’ in the interval period of chemotherapy, and identified three themes: 1) the perception experience of home-based exercise (beneficial home-based exercise experience, negative home-based exercise experience); 2) the influencing factors of home-based exercise (exercise rehabilitation knowledge, disease symptoms and adverse effects of chemotherapy, exercise history, exercise self-efficacy, social support, restrictions on objective conditions); 3) Patients with lung cancer expected to get professional guidance about home-based exercise rehabilitation knowledge from medical care providers.Conclusion: Patients’ perception and attitude towards home-based exercise behavior is affected by many factors during the interval of chemotherapy, and they expect professional guidance from medical care providers. Medical care providers should know the problems and the influencing factors in the process of home-based exercise of patients, and formulate personalized exercise measures for patients based on their own characteristics and needs, so as to relieve the symptoms of discomfort and improve the quality of life of patients with lung cancer.Keywords: lung cancer, chemotherapy, home-based exercise, psychological experience, qualitative research

To analyze the psychological experience characteristics of nursing staff with different roles in response to sudden public health emergencies so as to formulate targeted intervention strategies against the negative psychology of nursing staff. Methods Based on the principle of information saturation, purposive sampling was used to select nursing staff with different roles, and semi-structured interviews were conducted from July to August 2022. The interview data were sorted and analyzed by QSR Nvivo 11.0 software. Results A total of 18 nursing staff members were included in this interview, including 9 managers and 9 non-managers. Four tree nodes were determined based on the interview materials: positive orientation of work feelings, negative experience in the support process, influencing factors of negative experience, and psychological adjustment measures. The high-frequency words were "problem", "work", "influence", "psychology", "pressure", "communication", etc. The most important sub-node in the tree node of "influencing factors of negative experience", "psychological adjustment measures", "positive orientation of work feelings" and "negative experience in the support process" was "management pressure", "self-release path", "sense of value" and "worry", respectively. The proportion of negative matrix coding words for nursing management personnel was much greater than that for non-management personnel, while the proportion of positive matrix coding words was much smaller than that for non-management personnel. Conclusions There were different degrees of negative psychological tendencies among front -line emergency nurses in sudden public health emergencies, among which management personnel were more prominent. Corresponding psychological adjustment intervention strategies should be formulated for nursing managers in emergency work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the relationship among tourists' perceived sustainability, aesthetic experience, and behavioral intention toward reused heritage buildings by employing stimulus–organism–response theory. There were 354 valid questionnaires collected from the Sputnik Lab in Tainan, Taiwan. A positive correlation was found between tourists' perception of sustainability and aesthetic experience. When tourists perceived higher aesthetic experience, they also had stronger behavioral intention. Structural equation modeling analysis verified that the aesthetic experience of tourists had mediating effects between perceived sustainability and behavioral intention in the reused heritage space. The reuse of space should be attached significantly to the aesthetic display of space and service so as to promote such scenic spots and increase tourists' intention to revisit through word of mouth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Spanish philosopher, Xavier Zubiri, wrote a major work titled Sentient Intelligence wherein he analyzes the human act of intellective knowing. In this work he delineates the importance of a system of reference (SoR) which serves two important functions: providing a direction for intellectual inquiry and providing an experience. The Iranian born psychiatrist, Nossrat Peseschkian, creator of Positive Psychotherapy, which originated in Germany in 1968, also mentions the importance of systems of reference (SsoR) for psychological knowing and personality structure. In this article, I expound upon and develop this construct, showing how humans have many SsoR which we use in interpreting psychological experience which form our unique personalities, based upon what we learn in our environments-of-origin. These SsoR become foundations for individual personality characteristics and provide insights into personality structure. I apply Zubiri’s construct to Peseschkian’s psychological system of reference, drawing out elements of Peseschkian’s contribution to personality theory. SsoR which we learn as infants can be modified and differentiated to create healthier ones and knowing them are important for psychological understanding. Furthermore, all approaches to psychotherapy and theories of personality can benefit from knowing of these SsoR.

Objective Methods A purposive sampling strategy was used to choose patients with delayed resolution after microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm. The qualitative phenomenological study was conducted and two trained research nurses used semi-structured interview on 10 patients. Each interview was recorded on audiotape and later transcribed verbatim , and was stopped when the information reached a saturated level. The Colaizzi s 7-step analysis method was used to analyze the recording materials. Results There are four main themes: Treatment of disease and cognition; Psychological issues such as excessive negative expectation, expectation bias, autosuggestion of surgery failure and positive coping style; Physical issuers such as headache, nausea and vomiting dizziness; incomprehension and support of social relations. Conclusion Patients with delayed resolution after microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm suffered physical, mental and social stress. Medical staff should take a comprehensive dynamic evaluation on disease awareness, physical issues, psychological issues and social support system, try to understand the symptoms and psychological experience of patients, and provide professional guidance and individualized nursing intervention, in order to relieve discomfort, improve the mental health, and improve the satisfaction and therapeutic experience of patients. To investigate the symptoms and psychological experience of patients with delayed resolution after microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm, in order to improve the medical staff awareness of patients ‘symptoms and psychological experience after surgery, and provide reference for improving nursing procedures of symptoms management and psychological care. (目的 本研究旨在探讨面肌痉挛行微血管减压术后延迟治愈患者真实的症状体验和心理感受, 以期为医护人员全面掌握患者术后的症状表现及心理状态, 并为完善术后护理程序症状管理及心理护理干预提供依据。方法 采用目的抽样法, 选取符合要求的江苏省南京市某三甲医院神经外科 2021 年 1 月—5 月面肌痉挛行微血管减压术后延迟治愈患者, 采用现象学研究方法, 由 2 名接受过访谈技巧培训的护士采用质性研究方法进行半结构访谈。现场进行笔录和录音, 信息饱和时终止访谈, 本研究共纳入10例面肌痉挛行微血管减压术后延迟治愈患者, 并运用Colaizzi7 步分析法分析访谈资料。结果 访谈内容最终归纳为 4 个主题, 疾病的治疗与认知方面; 心理方面: 过度负性预期、与心理预期的偏差、自我暗示手术失败、积极面对; 生理方面: 头痛、恶心呕吐、头晕; 社会支持系统: 社会关系的不理解、社会关系的支持。结论 面肌痉挛行微血管减压术后延迟治愈的患者承受着生理、心理、社会支持系统多方面压力, 医护人员应对患者的疾病认知水平、生理方面、心理方面、社会支持系统进行全面动态评估, 了解患者最真实的症状体验和心理感受, 给予专业的指导和个性化护理干预, 减轻患者术后不适症状, 促进心理健康, 提高患者满意度, 改善患者治疗体验。)

Abstract Objective To explore the psychological experience of Juvenile patient’s parents in Fangcang shelter hospital during the Omicron wave of COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A qualitative study was conducted by using a phenomenological research method. Sixteen parents of juvenile patients with COVID-19 were recruited from National Exhibition and Convention Center (Shanghai, China) Fangcang shelter hospital (FSH) using purposive sampling. Data were collected by face-to-face in-depth interviews over 27 days, from April 9 to May 6, 2022. The interview data were analyzed using Colaizzi seven-step analysis method. Results The psychological experiences of the parents of juvenile patients in the Fangcang shelter hospital were summarized into three themes: "perception regarding the FSH", "worried about the unmet needs of juvenile patients ", and "the psychological burden after discharge". These themes were classified into 9 sub-themes, including the acceptance of FSH, adaptability to FSH, concerns about cross-infection in the FSH, special needs of infants and young children, psychological needs of preschool children, the learning demands of school-age children, concern about re-positive, fear of sequelae, worry about social acceptance. Conclusion Juvenile patients and their parents in the Fangcang shelter hospitals have both positive and negative experiences. It is suggested that facilities for minors should be planned in advance. Humanistic care for adolescent patients and health education for the public are also critical.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused many mental health difficulties in university students. However, with the assistance of online counseling (OC), students can now conveniently access support for psychological problems. The study's aims were 1) to investigate counselees' attitudes towards OC at the Psychology Excellence Center (PEC) at Thailand's Mahasarakham University; 2) to compare their attitudes towards OC, categorized by gender, academic year, GPAs, faculty, previous face-to-face counseling (FFC), and OC frequency; and 3) to study the of counselees' experiences towards OC during the pandemic. An explanatory sequential mixed method was used with two groups of participants. The two groups comprised 131 (122 and 9) total counselees who received OC services from the university's PEC. The results showed that the counselees' attitudes towards OC were positive. Also, there was no statistically significant difference in the counselees' attitudes toward OC when categorizing them by gender, academic years, GPAs, faculty, previous FFC experiences, or the frequency of OC. In-depth interviews revealed that participants preferred counseling to FFC and OC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To understand the psychological experience of patients with thromboembolism during pregnancy and after childbirth. Methods A total of 100 patients with thromboembolism during pregnancy or after delivery were selected as the research subjects. All patients completed the Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90) on the first day of admission and before discharge. Ten patients were randomly selected for a semi-structured qualitative interview to understand their psychological experience of and reaction to thromboembolism. Results The factor scores of somatization, anxiety, depression, paranoid ideation and interpersonal sensibility decreased significantly after hospitalization management compared with those before hospitalization management(P＜0. 01). Qualitative findings were distilled into two major themes: low disease knowledge and awareness among patients with thromboembolism during pregnancy and after childbirth; increased psychological burden as excessive fear of disease and concerns about fetus and newborns. Conclusion Efforts such as risk assessment, risk factors analysis and health education should be made to enhance the non-hospitalized self-prevention and management in women during pregnancy and after childbirth. Early implementation of targeted interventions should also be mentioned to strengthen psychological care for pregnant women, in order to reduce the blindness and passivity of behavior. (目的 了解孕产期血栓栓塞症患者的真实心理体验。方法 选取医院收治的孕产期血栓栓塞症患者100例为研究对象, 所有患者在入院第一天及出院前填写症状自评量表(SCL-90), 了解住院管理前后患者的心理状态。采用质性研究方法, 选取10名孕产妇进行半结构式访谈, 了解患血栓栓塞症后的真实心理体验。结果 住院管理后, SCL-90量表中躯体化、焦虑、抑郁、偏执、人际关系敏感性维度评分均较住院管理前降低, 差异有统计学的意义(P＜0. 01)。质性访谈结果显示, 孕产期血栓栓塞症患者对疾病知识缺乏认知; 患者因对疾病的过度恐惧及对胎儿/婴儿产生影响的担忧而导致心理负担增加。结论 应做好孕产期血栓栓塞症风险筛查, 在探讨危险因素的同时, 加大科普宣传和健康宣教力度, 帮助孕产妇提升自我预防及管理能力。入院后提前实施针对性干预措施, 加强患者心理护理, 能够减少孕产妇行为的盲目性和被动性。)

To explore the information needs and experiences of patients who underwent Da Vinci robotic surgery and to establish a reference for providing information support to these patients. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 patients who underwent robotic surgery. Thematic analysis was subsequently executed on the data obtained from the interviews to identify the themes. Thematic analysis generated two main themes with six supporting sub-themes. The main themes were (1) surgical information acquisition experience and (2) the need for personalization to obtain satisfactory information. Patients who received Da Vinci robotic surgery had insufficient understanding of the surgical methods and possessed high demand for surgical-related information. Although patients' understanding of robotic surgery might be improved through multi-channel information support, due to the differences in patient access to information, personalized experiences would occur during this process. Professional information support could effectively enhance their positive psychological experiences with surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study explored the lived experience of parental infidelity; how individuals make sense of this experience and what its' implications are. Qualitative data were collected from individual, semi-structured interviews with six adult participants. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis methodology was used and a critical realist epistemological stance was taken. Analyses revealed findings of four master themes: adultification, challenges in romantic relationships, the psychological experience and the pathway to healing. These master themes were sub-categorized into super-ordinate themes as follows: adultification – becoming an emotional carer and awareness of parental sexuality, challenges in romantic relationships – fear of abandonment and relationship breakdown, intergenerational transmission of infidelity and differentiation, the psychological experience – an everlasting pain, the sense of self and loss: detachment and disconnection, the pathway to healing – restoration through destruction, perspective: intellectualization and understanding and honesty and openness. Theoretical, research and clinical implications alongside limitations and ideas for future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical rescuers are the frontline for COVID-19 and their psychological experience and health are major concerns to our society and healthcare system. This study aims to understand how medical rescuers psychologically experienced this pandemic and explore the contributing variables to COVID-19 anxiety. Portuguese medical rescuers (n = 203) answered questions about their COVID-19 experience, the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale, Patient-Health Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory, and Well-Being Questionnaire. Rescuers presented low COVID-19 anxiety and low-moderate levels of fear. Most already faced or were facing changes in their job-related tasks, did not change household and did not feel stigma/discrimination. COVID-19 workplace security measures were considered moderately adequate and low anxiety, depression and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, low to moderate stress and moderate well-being were found. Only COVID-19 fear and security measures, anxiety, depression and obsessive-compulsive symptoms explained COVID-19 anxiety. Overall, findings showed these rescuers were psychologically well adjusted during the pandemic's initial stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 and the resulting lockdowns created an unprecedented upheaval in consumers' daily lives and lifestyles. The purpose of this research was to understand the psychological experience of life under lockdowns and the role of individual difference variables in that experience. Using survey data from U.S. consumers, the research identified two opposite feelings, coexisting: happy camper feeling or unhappy prisoner feeling. Younger, lower income, and less educated consumers felt more like prisoners than campers. Ability to maintain life as usual, and positive pre-pandemic life conditions (health, social network, and job satisfaction) led to happy camper feelings. In contrast, pre-pandemic materialism led to a prisoner-like experience. As we enter the now reopening marketplaces, we should ask: How shall we, as consumers, live our post-COVID lives. The research findings also suggest some directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In early 2020, the world was shocked by the emergence of a disease caused by the Coronavirus, commonly called COVID-19. During this period, nurses have a higher risk of contracting the disease and developing psychological disorders because they are among the health workers with the most frequent contact with patients. Therefore, this study aims to explore and describe the psychological experience of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. Methods: This study was carried out using a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The participants were selected through purposive sampling, which include 8 nurses who had treated COVID-19 patients in a negative pressure room at the hospital. Information was collected using in-depth interviews and the recordings were copied into verbatim transcripts and analyzed using Colaizzi’s technique. Results: The results highlighted 3 themes, namely Stress as the First Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic, Positive Psychological Experiences, and Changing Negative Experiences to Positive After Adapting to the Work Environment. Conclusion: This study showed that nurses need to be aware and share personal psychological experiences with colleagues to overcome similar situations. Introduction: In early 2020, the world was shocked by the emergence of a disease caused by the Coronavirus, commonly called COVID-19. During this period, nurses have a higher risk of contracting the disease and developing psychological disorders because they are among the health workers with the most frequent contact with patients. Therefore, this study aims to explore and describe the psychological experience of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. Methods: This study was carried out using a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The participants were selected through purposive sampling, which include 8 nurses who had treated COVID-19 patients in a negative pressure room at the hospital. Information was collected using in-depth interviews and the recordings were copied into verbatim transcripts and analyzed using Colaizzi’s technique. Results: The results highlighted 3 themes, namely Stress as the First Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic, Positive Psychological Experiences, and Changing Negative Experiences to Positive After Adapting to the Work Environment. Conclusion: This study showed that nurses need to be aware and share personal psychological experiences with colleagues to overcome similar situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

STEM education is a series of sequentially arranged learning programs for students with the purpose of preparing them for productive activities and education by forming levels of competences sufficient for productive activities. It covers natural sciences, technologies, technical creativity, mathematics and is aimed at training specialists (bio and nanotechnology, programmers, IT specialists, engineers, etc.) to ensure industry development. The introduction of STEM education and the development in the individual of abilities and aptitudes for research and analytical work, experimentation and critical thinking in the conditions of the use of the latest technologies will allow to increase the GDP of Ukraine by creating the basis for the formation of high added value in the labor product. One of the key tasks of STEM education is to ensure that the student's personality reaches a new level of development thanks to the formation of qualities and values for the purposeful realization of personal and socially significant goals. The realization of creative potential, abilities and aptitudes in this process contributes to the formation of a multifaceted psychological and socioprofessional experience. As a result of the student's psychological activity, proposed in the process of STEM-education, competencies should be harmonized according to the components of the psychological sphere: cognitive (knowledge); operational and technological (activity); motivational (emotional); ethical; social; behavioral This will enable students at the stages of adaptation, individualization and integration to reach a self-sufficient level of autonomy and competitiveness due to the proposed algorithm of key activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic that has occurred since the beginning of 2019 has changed various aspects of human life. The rapid spread of the virus has restricted human activities, ranging from economic, educational, to socio-religious activities. This situation is a new thing for humans giving rise to various experiences. This study aimed to understand individual psychological experiences, including thoughts, feelings, attitudes, and perceptions in facing the pandemic in various age groups. This research consisted of two stages: the grounded theory survey approach and the phenomenological approach. In the first stage, as many as 447 participants of adolescence and early, middle to late adulthood have filled out an online questionnaire via the google form. The next stage was interviews with 15 participants related to experiences in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. The interview results were then analyzed using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis method. The results showed that most adolescents described the COVID-19 pandemic as a crisis, while most of the adult group described it with negative emotions. All age groups decided on health as their main concern. Most of the participants considered that there were things to be grateful for during the COVID-19 pandemic. Groups of adolescents and early and middle adults made their family the thing they were most grateful for during the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the late adult group placed health as most grateful for. Gratitude was also believed to be a provision for someone to survive and see the positive side of an unpleasant event.

Objective To explore the psychological experience of blood donors with blood donation-related vasovagal reaction (DRVR), so as to provide basis for improving the quality of blood donation services. Methods The real experience of 9 DRVR blood donors was analyzed using the phenomenological research method in qualitative research. Results The occurrence of DRVR caused distinct psychological conflict among blood donor. Blood donors lacked knowledge about blood donation and expected professional evaluation and continuous support. The occurrence of DRVR was an important reason for blood donor lapsing. Conclusion By resolving the distinct psychological conflicts of DRVR blood donors, establishing DRVR early warning evaluation and feedback system, as well as strengthening the construction of support system, blood collection and supply institutions can create a good humanistic and social environment for sustainable development of voluntary blood donation.

Plain Language Summary While the deleterious effects of FGM/C on physical health are well documented, we have little knowledge on the psychological experience of this harmful practice. This study aimed to understand the psychological experience of FGM/C in Izzi communities in Southeast Nigeria where FGM/C was widely practiced. In-depth interviews were completed with 38 women from the same ethnic group to explore the collective psychological experience of FGM/C before, during and after the procedure. Our results found that during adolescence, Izzi girls who had not yet undergone FGM/C reported being subjected to intense stigma, humiliation and rejection by their cut peers. This ongoing psychological suffering led many young women to accept or request to be cut, in order to end their psychological torture. Virtually all women reported experiencing severe distress before, during and after the procedure. Some expressed relief from knowing their psychological torture would end and that they would gain social acceptance and a rise in status from being cut. Newly cut young women also expressed that they looked forward to harassing and stigmatizing uncut ones, therein engaging in a complex behaviour that underscores their severe trauma as well as their newly acquired enhanced social status. Our results suggest that prevention strategies need to involve the whole community to develop preventive pathways in a participatory way that empowers girls and women while preventing the deleterious psychological effects of FGM/C and corresponding stigmatizing behaviour towards the uncut. Results suggest the need to provide psychological support for girls and women of practicing Izzi communities of Southeast Nigeria.

Abstract Aim To investigate the extent of post‐traumatic growth, and the correlation between post‐traumatic growth and self‐perceived stress, post‐traumatic growth and self‐perceived burden among CAPD patients. Design A cross‐sectional study. Methods This was a multi‐centre study including 752 patients from 44 hospitals. Self‐perceived stress, self‐perceived burden and post‐traumatic growth were measured using the post‐traumatic growth inventory (PTGI), the Chinese version of the perceived stress questionnaire (CPSQ) and the self‐perceived burden scale (SPBS). A multiple stepwise regression analysis was fit with the total PTGI score as the outcome of interest. Results Patients concurrently experienced post‐traumatic growth and stress following peritoneal dialysis. The initiation of patients’ education level, employment status and self‐perceived stress were all found to relate to growth among Chinese CAPD patients. There was not sufficient evidence to suggest that self‐perceived burden was related to experiencing growth.

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Introduction: Frontline nurses caring for COVID-19 patients are easy to get viral infections because they are often exposed to infected patients. As the virus continues to spread, frontline nurses were faced with situations that can affect psychological readiness. This study was to explore the psychological aspects of frontline nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 16 frontline nurses providing care for COVID-19 patients at a referral hospital in Surabaya from August to October 2020. Interviews were conducted face-to-face or by telephone and analyzed with Colaizzi. Results: The results show that there are 3 main psychological themes for frontline nurses who treat COVID-19 patients. First, the emotions that appear in the begining stages consist of fear and anxiety about being infected and anxiety about the poor of knowledge about the disease and lack of information regarding the patient's condition are challenges that must be solved in the long term. Second, positive emotions appear progressively after negative emotions along with the ability to get used to the existing situation. Third, we find that nurses being able to take lessons and important values by increasing alertness, always being grateful, and thinking positively. Conclusion: We conclude that during the pandemic, the positive and negative emotions of frontline nurses are indirectly internalized into one. Frontline nurses are able to take lessons and interpret their primary roles Along with good emotional control, frontline nurses are able to take lessons and important values from the pandemic events they are facing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the criticisms and support factors of the migratory experience of a group of asylum seekers (ASs) hosted in an Italian reception center. Starting from a psychosocial approach that gives importance to the intertwining of the personal history and context, the present study aims to explore the meaning that ASs give to their origins, the relationship of ASs with the host context and with professionals of the refugee centres, along with the representation of the Future. We conducted 27 semi-structured deep interviews with 9 male ASs with an average age of 24,4 years. In line with the research goals, we carried out an analysis of pencil-and-paper content using the interpretative-phenomenological-analysis. Three different types of refugee experience emerged: persecutory, ambivalent and integrated. The three conditions identified can help professionals to better understand the different experiences of ASs, allowing them to develop more effective interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To qualitatively explore potential experience among frontline nurses who had been fighting against the COVID‐19 infection since the outbreak. Background: Disasters are often sudden and uncertain. Since the COVID‐19 outbreak in Wuhan city, local frontline nurses had been responsible for treatment of COVID‐19 for several months. Qualitative study was required to assess complex multi‐component psychological experiences among frontline nurses. Methods: Twenty local frontline nurses were recruited from a designated hospital of COVID‐19 treatment. We conducted semi‐structured interview using phenomenological method. Descriptive phenomenological method was applied for thematic analysis. Results: Twenty female frontline nurses (aged 24 to 43 years old) were interviewed. Two broader themes, negative and positive, were identified. Negative experience included refusal and helpless (refusal to work at frontline, shortage of confidence in working and helpless), fear and anxiety, excessive miss, and other health issues. Positive experience included improved interpersonal relationship, sublimation of personal faith and strength, changes in understanding meaning of life and new possibility. Conclusion: Both positive and negative psychological response were observed, which can provide evidence based clues for making essential strategies and policy. Implications for Nursing Management: Understand subjective experience of frontline nurses can establish evidence for development of effective psychological intervention. Nursing administrator should consider the nurses' psychological experience comprehensively to promote psychological growth and lower post‐traumatic psychological burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With the intensification of population aging globally, the mental health of the elderly is not only related to their personal well-being but also directly affects family harmony and social stability. However, few studies have been conducted on interventions for mental health issues in the elderly., Methods: From September to December 2023, a total of 164 elderly individuals were recruited from Ronghui Shanshui community in Fuzhou City of China through random cluster sampling and randomly divided into the control and experiment groups. The experiment group was given a three-month intervention based on general adaptation syndrome model, whereas the control group was given no intervention. At the end of the intervention period, an effect comparison was conducted between the two groups using the Physical Activity Rating Scale, University of California at Los Angels (UCLA) Loneliness Scale, and Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness., Results: After the intervention, the well-being of the experiment group increases significantly and is significantly higher than that of the control group ( P < 0.05). After the intervention, the loneliness of the experiment group decreases significantly and is significantly lower than that of the control group ( P < 0.05). Exercise participation significantly mediates the relationship between the intervention and psychological experience ( P < 0.001)., Conclusion: This intervention model is not only beneficial for improving positive psychological experience in the elderly but can also effectively reduce their negative psychological experience. This study provides valuable reference for scientific intervention in the mental health of the elderly., (Copyright© 2024 Dai et al. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences.)