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Background: Lower back pain (LBP) is associated with increased pain intensity, physical and psychological disability, and increased dependence on pain medications causing adverse effects on the day-to-day quality of life (QOL). The study aimed to assess the prevalence of LBP among Taif University students and its impact on quality of life. Methods: A pretested self-administered questionnaire was distributed randomly and electronically to all students who gave consent to participated. The questionnaire was be divided into three parts. The first part included demographic details; the second part assessed the prevalence of Low back pain and associated data that was recorded using the LBP section of Standardized Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (SNMA); the third part consisted of the RAND 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) for assessing the quality of life. Result: In our study majority of the participants were females (87.3%), and 55.3% belonged to the 20-25 years age group. The fixed orthodontic related history showed 59.8% had undergone the treatment for 1 to 3 years and 31.6% of the participants reported that they had removed the fixed braces for more than five years. Among these participants, 89.5% (n=34) reported that the fascia (space) closed between the upper frontal teeth after Frenectomy, and 65.8% (n=25) agreed that spaced between the two upper front teeth still closed after removing the retainer. Conclusion: The lifetime prevalence, annual prevalence, and point prevalence of LBP were found to be 57.9%, 73.1%, and 47.1%, respectively. The point prevalence was statistically higher among female students than male students (p=0.003). There were statistically significant differences seen in lifetime and point prevalence of LBP between different colleges. A linear regression model showed that the annual prevalence of LBP had a significant impact on the students' quality of life.

Objective The aim of this study is to assess the impact of oral and maxillofacial fractures and treatment on the quality of life (QoL) of patients referred to an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department in Malaysia. Methods The study involved 40 maxillofacial trauma patients who received treatment at a tertiary care centre in Malaysia. Oral health related QoL was measured using translated and validated Malaysian short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile Questionnaire, also known as S-OHIP(M). It is a self administered questionnaire which covers 7 domains: Functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, psychological disability, social disability and handicap. Patients answered the questionnaire at 3 different timings: Pre-treatment, 1 month post-treatment and 3 months post-treatment. Data was analysed using independent T-test, one way ANOVA and repeated measures ANOVA. Results Preoperative QoL scores were the highest (19.25 ± 10.33) with improvement at one month post-treatment (13.23 ± 8.51) and three months post-treatment (9.90 ± 8.11). Lower S-OHIP(M) scores, was seen in at 1 month and 3 months post-treatment, regardless of fracture sustained and treatment received. All OHIP domains showed statistically significant improvement (p Conclusion Significant improvement in QoL from pre-operation period to 3 months post operation was seen. Patients showed significant improvement in all OHIP domains. Development of a QoL tool specific to maxillofacial trauma patients can be considered in view of the lack of representation of symptoms within existing tools.

Penal Code chapters on sexual offences have been revised in all the Nordic countries in recent years. The concept of rape has been changed and is now much more extensive than before. In Iceland, the Penal Code´s (GPC) provisions on rape and other violations of people´s sexual freedom were revised and changed with Act no 61/2007. These amendments included a new, broad statutory definition of the concept of rape, which was supposed to cover incidents where the victim did not consent to having intercourse or other sexual interactions with the offender. The concept of consent was not mentioned in the provision, but instead the unlawful act was defined as rape if the perpetrator had intercourse or other sexual interactions with the victim by using violence, any kinds of threats, for example threats on the internet, or other kinds of unlawful coercion, under par. all 1 of Art. 194 GPC. According to par. 2 of Art. 194 GPC, rape also involves the abuse of the situation of a person, who does not have the same capacities as adults generally do to defend themselves against sexual attacks. This can be the abuse of a victim’s permanent condition, i.e. a mental illness or any other type of psychological disability, to have sex with the victim, or the abuse of a victim’s temporary condition which causes the victim to be unable to defend themselves against the offence, e.g. because the victim is drunk, sleeping, or unconscious because of the use of medicines or drugs. In 2018 the definition of rape under par. 1 of Art. 194 was revised again and consent is now included in the provision. It is considered consent if an individual expresses it of his or her own volition. It is not considered consent if violence, threats, or any other type of unlawful coercion is used. Note, however, that this new definition from 2018, where consent is included in the provision on rape does not constitute a substantive change since lack of consent was already an underlying element of the act as previously written and the methods that exclude consent are the same as the ones in the provison from 2007. The article addresses these changes from 2007 and 2018 and the effects they have had on judgments in rape cases, as well as in society.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two types of treatment (counselling programme versus counselling programme plus jaw exercises) to improve the quality of life of patients with disc displacement with reduction (DDWR). MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients were divided into two groups. The test group received guidelines for temporomandibular disorders (TMD) plus jaw exercises for DDWR, and the control group received only guidelines for TMD. The total number of investigated patients was 70, thus 35 per group. The oral health-related quality of life was assessed by the OHIP-14 questionnaire. Both groups were evaluated at the baseline and 30 days post-treatment. RESULTS In the counselling group, there was statistically significant decrease in pain (P = .015) and social disability (P = .046) subscales. In the counselling plus jaw exercise group, there was statistically significant decrease in all subscales (P

الملخص العربى : استهدف البحث التحقق من مدى فعالية برنامج إرشادي انتقائي في خفض الشعور بالعجز النفسي لدى ضحايا التنمر الإلکتروني لدى عينة من طلاب الحلقة الثالثة بالتعليم قبل الجامعي من المراهقين. تکونت عينة البحث من (45) طالبا وطالبة بمدارس المنطقة التعليمية الغربية (أبو ظبي)، والذين تراوحت أعمارهم الزمنية ما بين (15- 18) سنة، وتم توزيعهم بشکل عشوائي على مجموعتين إحداهما تجريبية (23) طالبا وطالبة والأخرى ضابطة (22) طالبا وطالبة. وتحقق الباحث من تکافؤ مجموعتي الدراسة في متغيرات العمر الزمني والتنمر الإلکتروني والعجز النفسي. وطبق عليهم مقياسي ضحايا التنمر الإلکتروني والعجز النفسي (إعداد الباحث) بالإضافة إلى البرنامج الإرشادي الانتقائي على المجموعة التجريبية. وتوصل البحث إلى النتائج الآتية: وجود علاقة ارتباطية موجبة قوية دالة إحصائيا بين درجات العينة على مقياس ضحية التنمر الإلکتروني ومقياس العجز النفسي، وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطي درجات المجموعة التجريبية والمجموعة الضابطة على مقياس العجز النفسي لصالح المجموعة التجريبية، وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطي درجات المجموعة التجريبية في القياسين القبلي والبعدي على مقياس العجز النفسي لصالح القياس البعدي عدا بعد العجز في الوظيفة الاجتماعية، وجود عدم فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطي درجات المجموعة التجريبية في القياسين البعدي والتتابعي على مقياس العجز النفسي عدا بعد العجز في الوظيفة الاجتماعية، وجود تأثير دال للبرنامج الإرشادي الانتقائي على أبعاد العجز النفسي لدى أفراد المجموعة التجريبية عدا بعد العجز في الوظيفة الاجتماعية، تختلف الدلالات المميزة للحالات الأکثر والأقل استفادة من البرنامج الإرشادي الانتقائي من خلال درجاتهما على مقياس العجز النفسي ومقياس التنمر الإلکتروني. الملخص الانجليزى : This study aims to verify the effectiveness of a selective counseling program in reducing the feeling of psychological helplessness among adolescent victims of cyberbullying of the third secondary year. The study sample consists of (45) male and female students in the Western Educational District (Abu Dhabi) schools, whose chronological age between (15-18) years. They are randomly distributed into two groups, the experimental group is (23) male and female, and the control one is (22). The researcher verified the equivalent of the two study groups in the variables of chronological age, cyberbullying and psychological helplessness. The researcher uses scales of the victim cyberbullying and psychological disability (prepared by the researcher), in addition to the selective counseling program for the experimental group. The results study are the following: There is a strong positive correlation with statistically significant (0.931) between the mean scores of the sample on the cyberbullying (victim) scale and the psychological helplessness scale, There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group and the control group on the psychological helplessness scale for the experimental group, There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group in the pre and post measurements on the psychological helplessness scale for the post measurement except the dimension of disability in the social function, There is no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group in the post and follow- up measurements on the psychological helplessness scale except the dimension of disability in the social function, There is a significant effect of the selective counseling program on the dimensions of psychological helplessness among the experimental group, except the dimension of disability in the social function, The distinct indications of more and less cases benefiting from the selective counseling program differ through their scores on the psychological helplessness scale and the cyberbullying scale.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has a very variable clinical and biochemical phenotype and differs widely in severity, from mild injury to life threatening liver failure. However, chronic injury has also been reported with a variable frequency, with a range from 3.4% to 39% of patients after 6-12 months after stopping the implicated agent. This wide range is probably related to various definition of chronic liver injury and variable selection of the DILI patients. The long-term sequalae of this chronic injury in terms of morbidity and mortality are unclear. Although rare vanishing bile duct syndrome, is associated with unfavorable prognosis with increased risk of chronic liver failure and need for liver transplantation. Other forms of long-term sequalae associated with DILI are progressive fibrosis, autoimmune like hepatitis, secondary sclerosing cholangitis, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome and as a common final stage the development of cirrhosis, portal hypertension and its complications. A new type of cancer immunotherapy, check point inhibitors can apart from the acute autoimmune like phenotype also lead to sclerosing cholangitis with cytotoxic T CD8+ cell infiltration in biliary tracts. DILI has been shown to have significant impact on health-related quality of life but very little is known on its psychological consequences in the long-term. Further investigations on the psychological disability in patients with chronic DILI particularly in those with chronic outcome are clearly needed in studies with structured long-term follow-up and periodic quality of live surveys.

The transition out of university can be a challenging time for undergraduate students, especially those with mental health conditions (MHC). Student mental health is a global concern, and metrics indicate lower employment rates for graduates with MHC. Little is known about the expectations and experiences of these students regarding this transition. This research used mixed methods to gather information on transition expectations prior to graduation (Study One), and experiences after graduation (Study Two). In Study One, 44 final year undergraduate students with MHC registered with their disability service and 50 without completed a survey, examining emotions and expectations of the transition. Study Two involved semi-structured interviews with seven graduates with MHC. Study One found students with MHC associated more negative emotions with the transition and were less likely to have a post-graduation plan but were not accessing more support than those without MHC. Study Two highlighted challenges faced when accessing support, the impact of mental health on transitions, and coping with change. These findings have implications for Higher Education providers in ensuring better support is available for the transition out of university for students with MHC. Specific support tailored to the needs of these students could help improve graduate outcomes.

حکام ذوي االحتياجات الخاصة في النکاح والطالق دراسة فقهية معاصرة د/ عزيزة علي ندا المدرس بقسم الفقه العام بکلية الدراسات اإلسالمية والعربية للبنات باإلسکندرية تناولت في هذا البحث تعريف ذوي االحتياجات الخاصة ومنهج الشريعة االسالمية والقانون المصري في التعامل معهم و بينت أنواع اإلعاقة )سواء حسية أو عقلية أو جسدية أو نفسية ( وکذلک بينت أسباب کل نوع منها، وتطرقت إلى نکاح األعمى وواليته في عقد النکاح وکذلک شهادته على الطالق . کما تناولت نکاح األخرس واألصم واألبکم وفرقت بينهم ، ووضحت بعض صفات الشهود في عقد نکاح األصم وأقوال الفقهاء في نکاح وطالق األخرس. وعرفت من عندهم تخلف عقلي بسيط، وموقف اإلسالم والقانون من زواج المعاقين عقليا. کما وضحت مفهوم االعاقة الجسدية وهل يفسخ بها عقد النکاح أم ال؟ وتطرقت إلى االعاقة النفسية وبينت مفهوم االضطراب النفسي وزواج المضطرب نفسيا وطالقه. ثم ختمت بخاتمة بينت فيها أهم النتائج والتوصيات التي توصلت اليها. الکلمات المفتاحية: اإلعاقة الذهنية- ذوي االحتياجات الخاصة – طالق – نکاح . أحکام ذوي االحتياجات الخاصة في النکاح والطالق دراسة فقهية معاصرة الملخص باللغة اإلنجليزية Provisions of Persons with Special Needs in Marriage and Divorce: A Contemporary Juristic Study DR-AZIZA ALI NADA Teacher in the Department of Fiqh at the Faculty of Islamic and Arabic Studies for Girls in Alexandria aziza_nda@azhar.edu.e.g : الجامعي االيميل Abstract In this paper I dealt with the definition of the persons with special needs and the approach of Islamic Sharia'h and Egyptian Law in dealing with them. I also showed the types of disability whether sensory, mental, physical or psychological. Furthermore, I indicated the reasons for each type, and I referred to the marriage of the blind and his/her authority in the marriage contract as well as his testimony in the issue of divorce. I also discussed the marriage of the deaf, the person who cannot hear, and the person who cannot speak, and the difference between them, and I clarified some of the characteristics of the witnesses in the marriage contract of the deaf and the statements of jurists in his/her marriage and divorce. In addition I provided a definition for those who suffer a simple mental retardation and the attitude of Islam and law towards the marriage of the mentally disabled persons. It also explained the concept of physical disability and whether it breaks the marriage contract or not. Moreover, I referred to the psychological disability and showed the concept of psychological disorder and the marriage and divorce of the psychologically disturbed persons. Finally, I gave a conclusion in which I indicated the main findings and recommendations that I have reached in my paper. Keywords: intellectual disability Physical disability Provisions of Persons with Special Needs Marriage Divorce أحکام

While scholars and practitioners are increasingly aware of the positive effect of idiosyncratic deals (i-deals) on employee attitudes, little is known about how i-deals might affect work and career outcomes for employees with disabilities, a marginalized and understudied group. The present study builds on Conservation of Resources (COR) theory to explain how i-deals might influence perceived work ability for employees with disabilities, and in turn, their turnover intentions. Furthermore, this study is the first to compare the experiences of employees with physical, psychological and no disabilities regarding these relationships. Our hypotheses are tested using field data from 19,770 employees working for a German federal agency. In brief, the negative direct effect of i-deals on turnover intentions is found to be stronger for employees with physical disabilities than for those without disabilities. Further, the results indicate a significant negative indirect effect of i-deals on turnover intentions through perceived work ability for all employee groups. As expected, we find that this indirect effect increases in magnitude when going from the condition having a physical disability or no disability to the condition having a psychological disability. Implications for research, theory and practice are discussed.

Ruhsal hastalıklar tarih boyunca hem insan zihninin gizemli yönlerini en ilginç vebelki de en tuhaf şekillerde görünür kılması nedeniyle merak konusu olmuş hem deiçerdiği normal dışı düşünce ve davranışlar nedeniyle önyargıların, şiddetin ve damgalamanınhedefi haline gelmiştir. Ruhsal hastalıklara ilişkin bilgi birikimimiz yıllar içerisinde artışgöstermiştir. Yine de 21. yüzyılda ruhsal hastalıklar en çok damgalamaya yol açan durumlardan biriolmaya devam etmiştir. Damgalama, ruhsal hastalık yaşayan kişinin çalışma yaşamına dâhil olmasını,sahip olduğu işi sürdürmesini veya hastalık sonrası işe geri dönmesini engellemektedir. Ruhsal hastalıkyaşayan kişiler çoğunlukla işgücü piyasasının dışında kalmaktadır. Haliyle uzunca bir süre ruhsalhastalıkların işsizler arasında yaygın bir olgu olduğu düşünülmüş, araştırmalar çoğunlukla işsizlerihedef almıştır.

BACKGROUND The oral condition can functionally, socially and psychologically influence the quality of life. Oral dryness often occurs in the elderly due to the presence of systemic diseases and medications, which favors the development of many lesions and complaints, including dental caries, candidiasis, retention of full removable denture, taste disturbance and it enforces a change in nutrition. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the impact of oral dryness on oral health-related quality of life in older subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS Five hundred subjects of both genders, aged 65 and over (mean 74.4 ±7.4) were involved in the study. Oral dryness was evaluated clinically with use of the Challacombe scale (CODS, Clinical Oral Dryness Score). The oral health-related quality of life was assessed by the Oral Health Impact Profile scale (OHIP-14). RESULTS Oral dryness occurred in 32.8% of subjects, most often on a mild level (29.6%). The average value of the OHIP-14 scale was 8.01 ±13.59. The regression analysis demonstrated a significant association between oral dryness and two domains of the OHIP-14 scale, i.e. functional limitation (p < 0.01) and psychological disability (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Oral dryness is substantially related to the oral health-related quality of life, which indicates the necessity of monitoring oral dryness as part of routine dental care.

X‐linked hypophosphataemia (XLH) and osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) are rare congenital disorders characterised by skeletal dysplasia. The two disorders may include dental anomalies potentially affecting individual well‐being. The aims of study were (a) to assess the oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Danish adults with XLH or OI, and (b) to compare the results of the groups. A cross‐sectional study including 35 adults with XLH, 56 adults with OI type I and 17 adults with OI types III‐IV was conducted. The OHRQoL was assessed by the 49‐item version of the questionnaire Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP). Summed domain scores (seven) were compared between XLH and OI groups. Prevalence of severe impact on OHRQoL (scores 3‐4) was compared between groups. The median scores in XLH group exceeded the medians in OI (P

Chronic pelvic pain consists of a range of conditions that affects both men and women, leading to significant functional, physical, and psychological disability. This symptom encompasses a wide range of pathologies in the somatic and visceral structures, as a result of the sensitisation of peripheral and central transducers and transmitters of pain. Treatment of those conditions currently relies on combination therapy aimed at targeting different components of the pain neuraxis. This chapter reviews the different types of treatments available as well as their efficacy in relieving chronic pelvic pain syndromes.

A nursing student in the sophomore year of a baccalaureate program attempts suicide. Despite receiving counseling and medical therapy, the university places her on medical leave. The student appeals the decision but the appeal is denied. Faculty are concerned that the student will pose a danger to herself and to patients.

Medical students are at high risk for developing depression during their training, and programs sometimes fail to make a connection between mental health-wellness events and disability accommodations. When a student presents with chronic or acute mental health concerns, a referral to disability resources may be advisable. In this case, we follow a fourth-year learner with an acute onset of PTSD following a sexual assault. As the team works to address newly developing professionalism issues, the case invites the reader to review disability-related barriers from the perspective of each stakeholder and offers guiding questions for discussing how to integrate accommodations into the system of support for this learner.

Introducción: los problemas de salud bucal no solo manifiestan problemas físicos, sino que además afectan aspectos psicosociales. El programa “Más Sonrisas para Chile” fue creado para generar un impacto en la calidad de vida de las mujeres participantes, sin embargo, las evaluaciones han estado centradas en el cumplimiento de metas. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral (CVRSO) en mujeres que participaron en el programa “Más Sonrisas para Chile” en el Centro de Salud Familiar San Pedro (CESFAM). Método: se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo-correlacional, transversal, con una muestra no probabilística de 120 mujeres. Para medir la CVRSO se utilizó la escala Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) y un cuestionario de preguntas sobre variables demográficas y odontológicas. Las entrevistas se realizaron en el propio CESFAM. Resultados: los componentes de la CVRSO más afectados son malestar psicológico y dolor físico. Las dimensiones que experimentan cambios significativos en la CVRSO fueron: limitación funcional, malestar psicológico, discapacidad psicológica y percepción global. Conclusiones: el programa Más Sonrisas para Chile impacta positivamente en la percepción de la CVRSO de las mujeres participantes, con diferencias significativas en los promedios posparticipación.

Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate quality of life of free anterolateral thigh flap (ALTFF) for reconstruction of tissue defects of total or near-total glossectomy. Methods. Quality of life was assessed by means of the University of Washington Quality of Life (UW-QOL) and the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), after 12 months postoperatively. Results. 65 of 79 questionnaires were returned (82.27%). In the UW-QOL, the best-scoring domain was “shoulder,” whereas the lowest scores were for “chewing” and “pain.” In the OHIP-14, the lowest-scoring domain was “handicap,” followed by “Social disability” and “Psychological disability.” Conclusion. Free anterolateral thigh perforator flaps for reconstruction of total or near-total glossectomy defects after cancer resection would have significantly influenced the patients’ oral functions and quality of life.

Maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) for the management of jaw fractures leads to compromised nutritional intake and consequent weight loss and poor quality of life (QoL). The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a home-based dietary plan to prevent weight loss, and its effect on the QoL of patients who underwent four weeks of MMF for the treatment of maxillofacial fractures. A total of 50 patients were randomised into nutritional intervention (Group1) and non-intervention groups (Group 2). Patients in Group1 were counselled by a dietitian and given a diet plan. Patients in Group 2 were advised to take a liquid diet of their own choice in the form of shakes, juices, and milk, along with protein supplements. Patients in Group1 lost significantly less weight than those in Group 2 (p=0.001) at week four of follow up. Group1 patients had significantly better oral health-related QoL in the 'physical pain' domain during the two weeks of MMF, and in the 'physical discomfort' and 'psychological disability' domains two weeks after the release of MMF. They had significantly better nutrition-related QoL in all the domains during the two weeks of MMF and, except for the 'physical' domain, also during the two weeks after its release. Individual home-based diet plans effectively helped the patients maintain their weight and improved QoL.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients using conventional dentures versus implant-supported overdentures. Materials and Methods: This study evaluated the OHRQoL of 90 patients between 35 to 75 years who were selected from several public and private dental clinics in Tehran in 2018. Of all, 45 had conventional dentures of both jaws, and 45 had a mandibular overdenture supported by two implants at the site of mandibular canine teeth and a conventional maxillary denture. The OHRQoL of patients was determined using the Oral Health Impact Prfile-20 (OHIP-20). The questionnaire was translated to Persian, and its content validity and internal consistency were confirmed. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney test, and independent t-test. Results: In the conventional denture group, 46.7% had good, 46.7% had moderate, and 6.6% had poor OHRQoL. These values were 55.6%, 37.8% and 6.6% in the overdenture group, respectively. Level of education had a significant correlation with the total score of OHIP-20 in both groups (P0.05) except for the psychological disability domain, which had a higher mean value in males with conventional dentures (P

Background Young adulthood is a time when subjects transform their role from a dependent child to an independent social identity. This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical factors that may influence the OHRQoL of 18-year-old young adults. Methods A representative sample was selected from Hong Kong. Periodontal status and caries were examined according to WHO criteria. Four orthodontic indices were used to assess malocclusion. The oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) was used to measure OHRQoL. Adjusted OR was calculated by ordinal logistic regression. Results A total of 300 eligible subjects (165 females, 135 males) were recruited. Females had more severe caries than males; however, gender was not a significant factor of OHRQoL. Household income affected OHRQoL more than parents’ education did: household income had effects on physical pain, psychological discomfort, psychological disability, and the total OHIP; while parents’ education had some effects on functional limitation, physical pain and psychological discomfort. As for clinical factors, unhealthy periodontal conditions were more prevalent than caries (94.67% vs. 59.00%); however, both of them showed no effect on OHRQoL. Malocclusion had a negative effect on OHRQoL; the most affected subscales were psychological discomfort and psychological disability. Conclusion In this study, family ecosocial factors and malocclusion had an effect on OHRQoL. Among the family ecosocial factors, it was household income that had the most effect on OHRQoL. Malocclusion mainly affected the subscales of psychological discomfort and psychological disability. Gender, periodontal status and caries had no effect on young adults’ OHRQoL.

Purpose To clarify the relationship between masticatory performance and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) before and after complete denture treatment. Methods Thirty patients wearing complete dentures were asked to chew a gummy jelly on their habitual chewing side, and the amount of glucose extraction during chewing was measured as the parameter of masticatory performance. Subjects were asked to answer the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-J49) questionnaire, which consists of 49 questions related to oral problems. The total score of 49 question items along with individual domain scores within the seven domains (functional limitation, pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, psychological disability, social disability and handicap) were calculated and used as the parameters of OHRQoL. These records were obtained before treatment and 3 months after treatment. Each parameter of masticatory performance and OHRQoL was compared before treatment and after treatment. The relationship between masticatory performance and OHRQoL was investigated, and a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed. Results Both masticatory performance and OHRQoL were significantly improved after treatment. Furthermore, masticatory performance was significantly correlated with some parameters of OHRQoL. The stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed functional limitation and pain as important factors affecting masticatory performance before treatment and functional limitation as important factors affecting masticatory performance after treatment. Conclusions These results suggested that masticatory performance and OHRQoL are significantly improved after treatment and that there is a close relationship between the two. Moreover, functional limitation was found to be the most important factor affecting masticatory performance.

Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is common chronic medical condition which has a major impact on health and quality of life. This condition affects daily activities, performance and social function and servers as a real challenge for care giver in attempt to treat patients' symptoms. Given the fact that therapy rarely results in cure and the high rate of discontinuation, treatment should primarily aim to reduce social and psychological disability. The purpose of our update is to give an overview of recent data regarding OAB, and to provide practical clinical tools for evaluation and management of OAB syndrome according to current literature evidence.

Introduction and Purpose:Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a common, hidden, degenerative, and progressive chronic disease that is more prevalent in women than in men. It is caused by damage to the myelin of central nervous system and results in neuropathy. The clinical pattern of the disease is 70 percent relapsing - remitting, and depending on the severity and type of nervous involvement, results in a variety of physical, psychological and social disabilities. The present study was designed to determine the functional level of MS patients.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 70 MS female patients referred to the Health Center for Special Diseases at the Madani Hospital of Khoy in 2016 were selected total samplesviaCensus. Two questionnaires were used: the demographic information form and the 29-question MSISS questionnaire that consists of both physical and psychological dimensions. Data analyses were carried out using SPSS v.16 software for an independent sample T-test, and ANOVA.Results:The 69% of the sample was comprised of married women, 74% were housewives, 83% were found to be disabled, 77% had a relapsing-remitting form of illness and 89% had no communication problems. The average age was 35 years and the average duration of illness was 4 years. Severe physical disability was found in 11.4% and 17.1% suffered from severe psychological disability. The general disease-related disability was considered mild in 65.7%. Disability was related to age, lifestyle, the presence or absence of a caregiver, the type of illness and communication problems. Physical and psychological dimensions of disability were unrelated (pConclusion:According to the high rate of psychological disability compared to physical dimension and effects of physical disorders on the soul, it is necessary to minimize the severity of disability by directing and controlling tensions, changes in lifestyle, the use of complementary therapies, rehabilitation Interventions, psychosocial support, and receiving services from the Association for the supportive of MS patients.Because psychological disability was greater than physical disability, therapy needs to address psychological stressors. Changes in lifestyle, use of complementary therapies, rehabilitation interventions and psychosocial support are recommended. Support associations for MS patients can also be helpful.

Background: Fracture dislocation at the junction between thoracic and lumber segments of spinal column by direct or indirect high energy force which is usually managed with more than three vertebral level fixation. Short segment stabilization have a wide range of benefits including length of time utilized for surgical intervention, reduce functional and psychological disability postoperatively and local surgical site complications.Objective: Evaluate the efficacy of posterior short segment pedicle stabilization in T-L fracture clinically and radiologically. Also to compare outcome of pedicle fixation by long segment and short segment an finally we try to insert at least one screw in the fracture vertebra to strengthen the stabilization in case of short segment stabilisation.Patients and Method: This is a prospective study of 40 patients operated in medical city from Jan. 2013 to Dec. 2015.complaining from T-L fracture (T12, L1, L2) due to any type of trauma. A total of 17 of the patients (13 male and 4 female) underwent long segment fixation (group A) whereas 23(15 male and 8 female) of those patients have short segment fixation (group B). Long segment fixation includes two levels above and one or two level below with or without single screw placed in the vertebra that is broken. While short fixation involving vertebra above and vertebra below the fracture one.Results: In tis prospective male commonly involved with the mean age 35-40 years in both groups, also most common involved vertebrae was 1st lumber. According to Modified Mcnab criteria, good result acquired by most of the patients, and using radiological Cobb angle evaluation significant loss of correction occur.Conclusions: Short segment fixation in Thoracolumar region as effective as long segment. Short segment fixations are low coast with little complications at surgical site and need less blood replacement with less restriction of movement at the thoracolumbar junction.

Background and objectives: Although the main objective of any orthodontic treatment is to correct malocclusion, a range of psychosocial and/or esthetic factors drive patients to undergo orthodontic treatment. The aim of the present study was to analyze variations in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQL) levels in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment by means of four types of appliances: fixed buccal metal brackets, fixed buccal esthetic/ceramic brackets, fixed lingual brackets, and clear aligners. Material and Methods: The study sample comprised 120 patients aged 18 to 68 years who attended the Orthodontic department at the Dental Clinic of the University of Valencia. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) was used to measure orthodontic treatment need. Each patient completed three different intervals of the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14): before treatment (T0), six months after placing the orthodontic appliances (T1) and at the end of orthodontic treatment (T2). Results: All groups suffered a reduction in quality of life from T0 to T1 except the metal bracket group which presented the same level for the functional limitation domain (p = 1.000), the lingual bracket group for the psychological discomfort domain (p = 1.000) and clear aligner group for the physical disability domain (p = 0.118) and psychological disability domain (p = 1.000). Nevertheless, quality of life for most domains was similar in all groups at the end of treatment (T2). Conclusions: Patients underwent a significant reduction in quality of life during treatment in comparison with their pre-treatment condition but showed significant improvements at the end of treatment.

Customary electronic needle therapy, the main pot can animate, and while deciding the patient, have their solidarity. Brilliant electronic needle therapy utilizes the biosensor and fluffy procedures to tackle these issues because of a remote electronic needle therapy framework utilizing the sensor module. Signal for treatment will be explored to the rules for the electronic needle treatment identifying pad plan. To change the needle therapy and power and time of a few patients' focus, build up a versatile remote needle therapy framework utilizing fluffy innovation. A productive remote electronic needle therapy treatment framework to acquire needle therapy rapidly utilizes the canny analytic framework. Stroke patients with intellectual debilitation after a stroke happens as often as possible. The danger of intellectual hindrance after stroke, age, and instructive foundation are identified with these two segment factors as occupation and veins. The component's fundamental psychological impedance after stroke isn't known in detail. A combination of white issue sores and miniature cerebral discharge, cerebellar vascular sickness or stroke of, alone or in the blend, add to the pathogenesis of psychological disability after stroke. After a stroke and benefit from the anti-dementia drug, cognitive impairment treatment can only not take measures to manage the cerebrovascular disease. Mechanism of the characteristics and cognitive impairment after a stroke and discussions promise these patients' management strategies. Internet of things, in the field of medical care. The continuous increase of IoT solutions for health care cannot be out of this model. Contribution introduces a direction for realizing the Internet of Things (IOT) and global connectivity between healthcare environments. All that is required to integrate into the worldwide environment are all significant challenges. In this revolution, health care collected from a minimum of sensors has been re-designed to see the big data.

Aim To assess the impact of removable partial denture (RPD) on the quality of life in patients wearing RPD after 1 year of use. Materials and methods Observational study was conducted on a convenience sample of 50 patients who were delivered RPD in the Department of Prosthodontics. Oral health impact profile (OHIP-14) (translated to Tamil, but not validated) was used to measure the impact. Data were collected using telephonic interview at 6 months after the insertion of RPD (T1) and (T2) at the end of 1 year (time interval of 6 months) prospectively. Significant differences for prevalence, mean OHIP-14 scores, and extent were determined using t test. Results Increase in mean OHIP-14 scores and extent was observed at T1 and T2. Almost all the dimensions of OHIP-14 had higher scores at T2 except psychological discomfort. Physical pain, physical disability, and psychological disability were dimensions with significant differences (p < 0.05). A fivefold increase in proportion was observed for physical disability and psychological disability among those reporting impacts as “very often/fairly often.” Conclusion The RPD had detrimental effect on wearer's quality of life with significant impact for painful aching in the mouth, feeling a bit embarrassed, and difficulty in chewing. Wearing RPD significantly increases the extent of impacts within a short time span of 6 months. Clinical significance The RPD can have a considerable impact on quality of life, which can either ameliorate or deteriorate. Patients have to be counseled periodically at subsequent recall visits and their quality of life measured, which will enable clinicians to rectify, assess, and provide adequate care to improve the overall quality of life. How to cite this article Shekhawat KS, Chauhan A, Ramalingam N. Impact of Removable Partial Denture on Quality of Life measured after 6 Months and 1 Year of Use. World J Dent 2017;8(2):81-85.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the oral health related quality of life in adult patients who visit the Dental Clinic of the Faculty of Stomatology, Pancevo, using a Serbian version of 14-items Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP14) Questionnaire. Material and Methods: A total of 89 respondents (42 women and 47 men, mean age 52.83 ± 13.74 years) filled in the questionnaire themselves. Three calibrated dentists recorded the oral health status of the respondents (number of healthy, decayed, filled and missing teeth), the type and time of wearing prosthodontic replacements, if they existed, and assessed the need for prosthodontic treatment. The total OHIP-14 score was calculated by adding scores for all fourteen items; OHIP-14 subscale scores were calculated by adding the scores for the two items in each of the seven subscales. Results: Mean total OHIP score was 10.25 ± 8.89. Patients with less than eight extracted teeth, wearers of fixed prosthodontic appliances and patients without replacements who did not need prosthodontic treatment reported better oral health-related quality of life. The most severe oral impacts assessed by the subscale OHIP14 scores were recorded in psychological discomfort (2.44 ± 2.18), physical pain (1.87 ± 1.73) and psychological disability subscale (1.83 ± 1.88). Women more often than men were dissatisfied with their diet and had been irritable in contact with other people. Conclusion: Further studies using the OHIP14 questionnaire in a larger sample will permit identification of key factors related to poor oral health and planning of treatment protocols and preventive programs for the adult population in Serbia.

Temporomandibular disorders are a common musculoskeletal condition causing severe pain, physical and psychological disability. The effect and evidence of osteopathic manipulative treatment and osteopathy in the cranial field is scarce and their use are controversial. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of osteopathic manipulative treatment and osteopathy in the cranial field in temporomandibular disorders.A randomized clinical trial in patients with temporomandibular disorders was performed. Forty female subjects with long-term temporomandibular disorders (3 months) were included. At enrollment, subjects were randomly assigned into two groups: (1) osteopathic manipulative treatment group (20 female patients) and (2) osteopathy in the cranial field group (20 female patients). Examination was performed at baseline (E0) and at the end of the last treatment (E1), consisting of subjective pain intensity with the Visual Analog Scale, Helkimo Index and SF-36 Health Survey. Subjects had five treatments, once a week. 36 subjects completed the study (33.7 ± 10.3 y).Patients in both groups showed significant reduction in Visual Analog Scale score (osteopathic manipulative treatment group: p = 0.001; osteopathy in the cranial field group: p 0.001), Helkimo Index (osteopathic manipulative treatment group: p = 0.02; osteopathy in the cranial field group: p = 0.003) and a significant improvement in the SF-36 Health Survey - subscale "Bodily Pain" (osteopathic manipulative treatment group: p = 0.04; osteopathy in the cranial field group: p = 0.007) after five treatments (E1). All subjects (n = 36) also showed significant improvements in the above named parameters after five treatments (E1): Visual Analog Scale score (p 0.001), Helkimo Index (p 0.001), SF-36 Health Survey - subscale "Bodily Pain" (p = 0.001). The differences between the two groups were not statistically significant for any of the three target parameters.Both therapeutic modalities had similar clinical results. The findings of this pilot trial support the use of osteopathic manipulative treatment and osteopathy in the cranial field as an effective treatment modality in patients with temporomandibular disorders. The positive results in both treatment groups should encourage further research on osteopathic manipulative treatment and osteopathy in the cranial field and support the importance of an interdisciplinary collaboration in patients with temporomandibular disorders. Implications for rehabilitation Temporomandibular disorders are the second most prevalent musculoskeletal condition with a negative impact on physical and psychological factors. There are a variety of options to treat temporomandibular disorders. This pilot study demonstrates the reduction of pain, the improvement of temporomandibular joint dysfunction and the positive impact on quality of life after osteopathic manipulative treatment and osteopathy in the cranial field. Our findings support the use of osteopathic manipulative treatment and osteopathy in the cranial field and should encourage further research on osteopathic manipulative treatment and osteopathy in the cranial field in patients with temporomandibular disorders. Rehabilitation experts should consider osteopathic manipulative treatment and osteopathy in the cranial field as a beneficial treatment option for temporomandibular disorders.

This chapter addresses issues pertaining to students who are at risk, possibly due to a psychological disability. Some of the challenges institutions of higher education confront in addressing at-risk students’ struggles are identified, with specific focus placed on risk management and evolving legal mandates. No content is intended to represent legal advice.