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AbstractObjective: The mental health of college students is declining at an alarming rate. Understanding behaviors linked to positive mental health outcomes and psychological wellbeing (PWB) are needed. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between volunteering and PWB. Participants/methods: Students (N = 741) completed an online survey assessing PWB and volunteerism (frequency and motives). Results: A positive correlation was found between PWB and volunteering frequency (r = 0.14, p < 0.001). Factors motivating volunteerism and PWB were associated: protective-to lessen negative feelings and/or avoid personal problems (r = 0.193), enhancement-self-oriented motivation (r = 0.237), social-develop relationships (r = 0.276), career-improve career prospects (r = 0.287), values-altruism (r = 0.348), and understanding-knowledge (r = 0.362), all p < 0.001. Conclusions: There is a positive correlation between PWB and volunteering frequency. Understanding the motivation for volunteering, and how those factors related to PWB provides valuable information that may help students understand the importance of volunteering for altruistic reasons but also for their own mental health and wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mindfulness and self-compassion are both important protective processes for survivors of childhood maltreatment. This is thought to be, in part, because they promote healthy emotion regulation. However, specific patterns of associations between maltreatment, mindfulness and self-compassion, emotion regulation, and wellbeing have yet to be investigated. In particular, it is unclear whether mindfulness and self-compassion function similarly with respect to emotion regulation and wellbeing among maltreatment survivors. The present cross-sectional survey study examined the maltreatment – wellbeing link by comparing two serial mediation pathways: through trait mindfulness to emotion dysregulation and through self-compassion to emotion dysregulation. A secondary aim was to compare facets of mindfulness and self-compassion as mediators. Undergraduate (n = 748) student participants self-reported childhood maltreatment severity, self-compassion, trait mindfulness, difficulties in emotion regulation, and psychological wellbeing. Two significant serial indirect effects found both trait mindfulness and self-compassion to be mediators of the maltreatment – wellbeing link via emotion regulation capability. Such pathways were stronger mediators than mindfulness, self-compassion, or regulation alone. Few differences were found between individual facets of mindfulness and self-compassion. On college campuses, to improve wellbeing among childhood maltreatment survivors, self-compassion or mindfulness interventions may both be useful, particularly so if emotion regulation is also improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to predict psychological well-being by considering five personality traits while mediating the role of marital control. The research followed a descriptive correlation method with structural equation modeling for data analysis. The study focused on married individuals residing in Western Azerbaijan (Urmia) in Iran and included 587 participants selected through convenience sampling. Key research instruments encompassed the Big Five Inventory (BFI-10), Marital Controlling Scale (MCS-21), and Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale (RPWS-18). Path analysis through structural modeling was employed to assess the variables" direct and indirect effects. The findings demonstrated that the relationship between personality traits and psychological well-being is well-suited to mediate the impact of marital control. This research confirmed the mediating role of marital control in the connection between neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness to experience personality traits, and psychological well-being. However, the mediating role of extroversion was not established. Consequently, marital control emerges as a significant factor capable of mitigating the positive impact of various personality traits on couples" lives, potentially exposing them to detrimental influences on their psychological well-being. Clinical implications for working with married couples in Western Azerbaijan who are grappling with issues of marital control, including cultural sensitivity and an understanding of the unique dynamics present in the region, were highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Paying attention to the psychological well-being of emergency medical technicians (EMTs) is necessary, since they are prone to physical and mental problems caused by emergency work. Resilience plays an important role in reducing stress. The present study aimed to find the relationship between psychological well-being and resilience of EMTs in Yazd, Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted in 2023 on 137 EMTs working in the emergency departments and accident management centers in Yazd province, who were selected by a simple random sampling method. Ryff's psychological well-being scale (PWBS) and the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) were used to measure psychological well-being and resilience. Data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 16 using descriptive statistics, the Wilcoxon test, and the Pearson correlation test. Results: A positive and significant correlation was found between the variable of resilience and psychological well-being. A significant difference was found in the mean score of PWBS based on gender (P<0.05). The mean total scores of CD-RISC and PWBS were 94.43±13.9 and 74±9.77, respectively. Among the domains of CD-RISC, the highest score was related to personal competence (30.71±5.29). Among the domains of PWBS, the highest score was related to positive relationships with others (13.62±2.71). Conclusion: There is a positive relationship between the psychological well-being and resilience of EMTs in Iran. It is necessary for planners and policymakers in Iran to develop stress reduction programs to promote the psychological well-being and resilience of EMTs by considering the importance of communication with others, personal competence, and spirituality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The offender personality disorder (OPD) Pathway is a network of services across prison, health and community settings in England and Wales providing psychological support for high-risk people who have offended and are thought to have a personality disorder. As part of a national evaluation of the Pathway, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 36 Pathway users to determine their views about their experiences in these services; and whether and how these impacted on their psychological wellbeing. Framework analysis was used to analyze the data. Participants reported positive therapeutic relationships with staff; improved psychological wellbeing; and for some, a shift away from antisocial toward more pro-social identities. They also described a negative impact of staff turnover and uncertainty about the role of prison officers and psychologists within prison services. Pathway services are able to engage individuals who have not previously engaged with services. Constancy of staff is fundamental to the Pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Expectations of birth, and whether they are met, influence postnatal psychological wellbeing. Intrapartum interventions, for example induction of labour, are increasing due to a changing pregnant population and evolving evidence, which may contribute to a mismatch between expectations and birth experience. NICE recommends antenatal education (ANE) to prepare women for labour and birth, but there is no mandated UK National Health Service (NHS) ANE curriculum. We aimed to explore women's expectations of childbirth and their understanding of common interventions and complications following NHS and non-NHS ANE. Method: Qualitative focus groups were conducted with postnatal women (< 12 months postpartum) aged ≥ 16, who had received antenatal care at a single NHS Trust. A semi-structured topic guide was used to explore birth expectations following attendance at ANE and knowledge of birth interventions and complications. Data were transcribed and thematic analysis was undertaken by at least two researchers. Results: 46 women (mean age: 33.5years; 81% white British) participated across eight groups. 65% were primiparous, 35% had a caesarean birth. 50% attended NHS ANE and 59% non-NHS ANE. Participants perceived that a 'hierarchy of birth' was presented within ANE classes, where a 'better birth' involved vaginal birth, minimal pain relief and limited intervention. Participants described expectations of control and choice over their birth, though some described being encouraged to be open-minded about the course it may take. Participants identified a mismatch between their expectations and subsequent experiences, which adversely impacted their psychological wellbeing. While participants received information about common birth interventions and complications, limited time spent on these during classes resulted in expectations that they were rare. Participants felt that receiving sensitively presented information about the frequency of interventions could prepare women and support their psychological wellbeing after birth. Conclusions: Women's expectations of birth are informed by ANE which may precipitate a mismatch between expectations and experience. Better information about risk factors and frequency of labour and birth interventions may support women to develop evidence-informed expectations of birth, reducing the expectation-experience gap, with consequent impact on maternal postnatal wellbeing. A mandatory minimum curriculum for ANE is needed to ensure high-quality education is available to all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autonomy-supportive environments have been identified as predictors of students' wellbeing and engagement. This paper aimed to examine the perception of learning climate and its predictive ability in the multidimensional wellbeing of university students. An associative and predictive approach was adopted, carried out through a cross-sectional study that included 295 students from a Chilean university. Participants completed a learning climate questionnaire and the PERMA-Profiler. Results indicated that students reported moderately high levels of wellbeing in general, with the dimensions of positive relationships, engagement, and purpose showing the highest scores. Regarding learning climate, responses indicated a mostly positive perception, with scores above the midpoint on the scale. No significant differences were found in wellbeing or perception of learning climate according to academic year. However, a significant interaction effect between gender and learning climate was found for overall multidimensional wellbeing, F (1, 286) = 4.67, p = 0.032, η2 = 0.016. Men in the high learning climate group showed higher wellbeing than women, while women in the low climate group outperformed men in the same group. Additionally, significant gender differences were observed in the engagement dimension, F (1, 286) = 11.23, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.033, with men in the high learning climate group reporting higher engagement, and women in the low learning climate group showing higher engagement than their male counterparts. Perception of learning climate explained a significant amount of the variance in all dimensions of wellbeing. These findings highlight the importance of promoting learning environments that foster autonomy and teacher support, and suggest that the learning climate may have different impacts on wellbeing depending on gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To determine the association of housing items and amenities with psychological wellbeing (PWB) and their relationship with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Methods: This study was based on the framework of the HAPIEE study. Data from the Lithuanian Mortality Register were used to evaluate CVD and all-cause mortality from baseline survey (2006–2008) till 2023. The logistic regression model and multivariate Cox regression model were applied for data analysis. Results: The multivariable regression models showed that the material aspects of people's lives influenced their PWB status: increasing the number of housing items per 1 unit significantly increased the odds ratio (OR) of higher PWB status for males [OR = 1.14 (95% CI 1.11–1.18)] and females [OR = 1.13 (95% CI 1.11–1.17)] and decreased the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in females [respectively HR = 0.93 (95% CI 0.91–0.96) and HR = 0.91 (95% CI 0.87–0.95)] and in males [respectively HR = 0.92 (95% CI 0.90–0.94) and HR = 0.90 (95% CI 0.87–0.93)]. Conclusion: These data suggest that the household items and amenities influenced PWB and may be used as risk factors in assessing the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Longitudinal research into the impact of COVID-19 on university students' mental health beyond the pandemic is lacking. This study aims to address the gap in the literature by tracking the mental health of university students over a two-year period, spanning the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath. A two-year longitudinal study surveyed a sample of university students (n = 302) three times between May 2020 and May 2022. Students' psychological distress, generalised anxiety, flourishing, and personal wellbeing were assessed at each time point. It was found that students' psychological distress levels spiked in May 2021 (T1) during the first year of the pandemic but reverted back to similar levels seen in May 2020 (T0) at the two-year follow-up (T2). While generalised anxiety gradually improved, both students' psychological distress and generalised anxiety remained considerably worse than pre-pandemic norms obtained in other studies. Students' flourishing scores remained very low, while their life satisfaction and state happiness improved slightly between May 2021 (T1) and May 2022 (T2). These findings clearly demonstrate that students' mental health is still in crisis, even after the COVID-19 pandemic. More needs to be done to support students beyond the pandemic generally, including this particularly unique cohort of students who endured unprecedented challenges for prolonged periods, and who are now transitioning into the working world. Practical implications and recommendations are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health systems around the world continue to experience healthcare workforce shortages, including shortages of nurses. This results in staff experiencing prolonged shifts and other stressors, which are linked to burnout, yet burned-out staff are then entrusted with the provision of patient care, despite healthcare facilities being regarded as safety-critical areas. It is assumed that the situation may have been worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic. This scoping review aims to identify the prevalence of burnout among nurses in Europe before and during the pandemic, the factors associated with this burnout, and its impact on patient safety. A literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE database; search terms included Nurse and Burnout and Patient Safety and their synonyms. The search limits used were English language, 2013 to 2023 publication years, original published research only (excluding review papers, dissertations, and unpublished reports), and studies conducted in European countries. A total of 16 papers were included for analysis: four indicated burnout levels of study participants, while 11 gave scores for individual burnout symptoms. Almost all studies indicated factors that were linked to burnout or individual dimensions of burnout. A few papers touched on the implications of these factors on patient safety. The review findings concluded that the few studies providing burnout levels on study participants could not give a clear picture of the burnout prevalence among nurses across Europe, either in general, before, or during the pandemic; therefore, this objective was not achieved and more research is required to establish this. Several factors thematically classified as sociodemographic, personal, organizational, and patient/client-related were linked to burnout. However, there were some contradictions in sociodemographic factors. Low personal accomplishment was the most common symptom of burnout before the pandemic, followed by emotional exhaustion and lastly depersonalization. Emotional exhaustion took the lead during the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by low personal accomplishment, and depersonalization remained the least common. More research is needed to establish the relationship between burnout and these factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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As the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) virus spread across the world, countries took drastic measures to counter the disease by requiring their citizens to home self-isolate i.e., lockdown. While it was not known how young people would cope with the social distancing restrictions, there was concern that the lockdown would have a debilitating effect on youth mental health. This study examined whether there was an association between adolescent subjective wellbeing and the amount of time spent in lockdown. Global Research Alliance researchers in 15 countries collected data using the Mental Health Continuum (Keyes in Am J Orthopsych 76:395–402, 2006) from over 7000 middle-school students aged 11–18. Findings show a decline in eudemonic wellbeing, particularly among females during the first 6 months of lockdown, which was most strongly associated with diminished psychological wellbeing, followed by social wellbeing, while emotional wellbeing remained relatively stable. An adaptation effect was noted after approximately 6 months. There was evidence suggesting females were slower to adapt to lockdown conditions compared to males. More attention should be paid to the wellbeing of students in lockdown to overcome languishing tendencies and educators should be cognizant of diminished student wellbeing, particularly among females, when students return to school. Positive school experiences, and positive relationships within the school community, may assist in reducing the risk of languishing in lockdown conditions, so schools should design interactive online activities for off-campus learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Maintaining mental health and psychological well-being of the specialists of EMERCOM of Russia requires, along with implementation of measures for the rapid restoration of their working capacity, also the development of their self-regulation skills by means of training with the use of special psychophysiological equipment. In this regard, it is necessary to assess the effectiveness of measures for psychological prevention and psychological correction carried out with EMERCOM specialists by means of special psychophysiological equipment. Objective. Systematization and analysis of data on psychophysiological parameters and subjective self-assessment of the specialists of EMERCOM to assess the effectiveness of psychological prevention and psychological correction programs. Study Participants. The study analyzed 5865 programs, of which 5117 programs were conducted as a part of psychological prevention activities (one-day programs) and 748 programs for psychological correction. Methods. The study implemented psychophysiological methods of diagnostics of functional state and the questionnaire method. Empirical data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon T-test and descriptive analysis. Results. An empirical study on the evaluation of psychological prevention and psychological correction programs demonstrated an improvement in the functional state of EMERCOM specialists after participating in the programs not only according to subjective assessments, but also according to psychophysiological indicators, which shows the compliance of the programs with the stated goals. Conclusions. The results obtained make it possible to apply algorithms of psychological prevention and psychological correction programs systematically and comprehensively in order to restore and preserve mental health and psychological well-being of EMERCOM specialists.

Caregivers of older adults with dementia (dementia caregivers) often experience high role overload (i.e., feeling overwhelmed by caregiving demands that exceed available resources), which can take a toll on their mental health. Moreover, dementia caregiving can restrict caregivers' participation in valued social activities. This study aims to examine the mediating effect of social participation restriction on the relationship between role overload and mental health among dementia caregivers. A total of 894 dementia caregivers (mean age = 61.77) were selected from the National Study of Caregiving. The sample was predominantly women (64%) and White (78%). Path analysis shows that social participation restriction partially mediated the associations between (1) role overload and psychological distress (indirect effect β =.08, p <.001) and (2) role overload and psychological wellbeing (indirect effect β = −.05, p <.05). Interventions targeting coping strategies and healthcare-recreation programs are needed to improve social participation among dementia caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Time perspective therapy, by altering individuals' perception of time, helps them establish a better balance between their past, present, and future, thereby distancing them from negative experiences. In contrast, positive therapy enhances psychological well-being by strengthening individuals' capabilities and increasing positive emotions. Although both approaches have shown effectiveness individually, there is insufficient research on the integration of these approaches and the potential synergistic effects on depressed patients. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an integrated training package based on time perspective therapy and positive therapy on the quality of life and psychological well-being of depressed patients. Methods: This research employed a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test design with a control group and a two-month follow-up. The statistical population included all individuals referred to the Amin Counseling Center affiliated with Islamic Azad University in 2022. From these, 40 individuals were selected through convenience sampling and assigned to experimental and control groups (20 per group). Data collection tools included the Psychological Well-being Questionnaire (Ryff, 2002) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHO, 1996). Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS software, version 26. Results: Findings indicated that the integrated training based on time perspective and positive therapy led to a significant improvement in the quality of life of depressed individuals (p< 0.01). Additionally, the training was effective in enhancing psychological well-being (p< 0.01), and this effect remained stable over a two-month period (p< 0.01). Conclusion: Based on the study’s results, it is recommended that health system officials conduct further research to monitor factors affecting depression and to focus on improving the quality of life of depressed patients. Establishing a database for patients with depressive disorders and implementing structured treatment programs is also advised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Psychiatric mental health nurses often work in highly demanding environments and situations and are exposed to multiple work-based stressors simultaneously. We aimed to explore the influence of self-compassion on fatigue and psychological wellbeing, and to evaluate the possible contributing factors for self-compassion, fatigue, and psychological wellbeing among psychiatric nurses. A descriptive correlational study using a convenience sample was used to employ 50 psychiatric nurses. Participants categorized into three groups based on their scores on The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SF): Group 1: low self-compassion, Group 2: moderate self-compassion, and Group 3: high self-compassion. All participants were assessed by socio-demographic data questionnaire, Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), and Psychological Wellbeing Scale. Results Regarding FAS and wellbeing, group 1 had the highest mean of both scores, whereas group 3 had the lowest mean of both scores. Psychiatric nurses with high self-compassion were significantly more likely to be male, have a lower overall fatigue score, and have better psychological wellbeing. Psychiatric nurses with high fatigue scores were more likely to be female, married, have diploma, have less self-compassion, and have poorer psychological wellbeing. Conclusions Psychiatry nurses with higher self-compassion had lower fatigue score and better psychological wellbeing. Gender and education level were significant factors for self-compassion and fatigue.

Emerging evidence indicates that ayahuasca consumption may have beneficial mental health effects. This study undertakes the largest analysis to date of associations between naturalistic ayahuasca use and current mental health status via an online cross-sectional survey. The sample included 7,576 participants (average age 41, 47% female) who had consumed ayahuasca in religious, traditional, or non-traditional settings in over 50 countries. Bivariate analysis, multivariate linear regressions and generalized structural equation modeling were used to explore associations between ayahuasca use variables, current mental health (K10, SF-12 MCS), and psychological well-being change (PWG). The number of ayahuasca uses was found to be positively associated with current mental health status (all measures), and this remained highly significant in multivariate models, with little evidence of associations diminishing over time. Variables such as the strength of the mystical experience, self-insights, and community/social variables were also positively associated with current mental health and PWG, while acute extreme fear and integration difficulties were negatively associated. Findings suggest that naturalistic ayahuasca use is associated with better current mental health status and enhanced psychological wellbeing for individuals with and without a history of mental illness, independent of community effects, with certain variables contributing positively or negatively to these effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attending to the phone while interacting face‐to‐face with another person, a behaviour known as phubbing, can be detrimental to the phubbed person's psychological wellbeing. Recent research revealed that phubbing friends and partners indirectly affected the phubbed individual's wellbeing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of children's phubbing on parents' psychological wellbeing; not the effect of parents' phubbing on children's psychological wellbeing, which has been the focus of most of current research. Two hundred and sixty six (266) parents of smartphone users participated in a web survey. The questionnaire measured parents' experience of being phubbed by their children, psychological wellbeing, relationship satisfaction, loneliness, and self‐esteem. The analysis showed a significant indirect effect of children's phubbing on parents' psychological wellbeing through the mediating roles of relationship satisfaction and loneliness. Children's phubbing increased parents' feelings of loneliness, and this rise in levels of loneliness worsened parents' psychological wellbeing. Similarly, children's phubbing decreased parents' relationship satisfaction with their children, and this decrease in feelings of relationship satisfaction worsened parents' psychological wellbeing. Additionally, children's phubbing affected parents' psychological wellbeing through the mediating roles of relationship satisfaction and loneliness in sequence (chain effect). As children's phubbing increased parents' feelings of loneliness, parents' relationship satisfaction with their children dropped. The lowering of feelings of relationship satisfaction worsened parents' psychological wellbeing. A moderated mediation analysis revealed that children's phubbing decreased parents' relationship satisfaction with their children, especially for parents who are low on self‐esteem. This study is one of the first that offers insights into how children's phubbing and parents' psychological wellbeing are related. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the stress levels and coping mechanisms of high-achieving and low-achieving students in a hyblend learning modality, with the goal of establishing a foundation for the development of a psychosocial support program. Data were gathered from a varied group of 300 college students from National University (NU) using a mixed-methods technique that involved questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The findings indicate that student who perform well academically face increased levels of stress, mostly as a result of feelings of powerlessness and a lack of belief in their own abilities. In contrast, high-performing students utilize a greater number of problemfocused and emotion-focused coping techniques, whereas low-performing individuals tend to rely more heavily on avoidant coping mechanisms. The study revealed no statistically significant disparity in stress levels or coping mechanisms between the two groups. This implies that variables other than academic achievement, such as individual characteristics and contextual influences, may have a substantial impact on students' experiences of stress and their reactions to it. These findings emphasize the necessity of implementing comprehensive psychosocial therapies specifically designed to address the unique difficulties encountered by kids who perform at both high and low levels. A need to develop more specific support measures and further investigation on the root causes of stress and coping mechanisms in academic environments. This study enhances comprehension of the intricate correlation among academic achievement, stress, and coping strategies, calling for a comprehensive approach to student support services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThere is a gap in the literature on relationships between temperament, family functioning, and psychological well-being from a eudamonic perspective in emerging adulthood. To shed light on this issue, the aim of our study was to analyze the effect of temperament and family functioning profiles on psychological well-being in a sample of Spanish university students (N = 332). Results showed a positive association between the resilient temperament profile and psychological well-being, while the inverse relationship was observed for the non-desirable temperament profile. The reserved profile was not significantly associated with psychological well-being. On the other hand, the healthy family functioning profile (with moderate and high scores in cohesion and moderate scores in flexibility) was linked to higher levels of well-being, unlike the unhealthy functioning profile (with low scores in cohesion and extreme scores in flexibility). Finally, the joint effect of temperament and family functioning points to a buffering or protective effect of family functioning profiles in relation to potentially “dangerous” or “beneficial” temperamental profiles in university students. Practical and clinical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Healthcare workers are subjected to numerous work-related stress factors, which have negative consequences on their physical and mental health, making them a vulnerable group. The recent pandemic caused by the new coronavirus created a high demand for attention from healthcare workers, which put their mental health at risk. This study aimed to test a mediation model in which resilience and the satisfaction of psychological needs play a mediating role in risk perception, the attitude toward the management carried out by the administration, emotional intelligence on psychological wellbeing, and depressive symptoms of frontline professionals. The sample consisted of 405 healthcare professionals aged between 22 and 65 years, belonging to critical care units in southern Spain. Linear correlation and mediation analyses were performed. The results showed that psychological wellbeing had positive correlations with resilience and negative correlations with the discrepancy in the satisfaction of psychological needs. Depressive symptoms had negative correlations with resilience and positive correlations with the satisfaction of psychological needs. To explore these results further, a mediation analysis was conducted, and a large set of significant indirect effects was found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Caring for children with special needs often poses various challenges, including coping with stress in parenting. Single parents have an even increased vulnerability to stressful conditions in parenting, especially from feelings of loneliness and alienation. This literature review aims to obtain an effective intervention model for overcoming loneliness for single parents with special needs children. Methods: Various studies were searched with the keywords "role of a single parent," "function of a single parent," "children with special needs," and "loneliness." Selected studies are evaluated and critically reviewed. Results: Various challenges of parenting children with special needs include stigma, efforts to overcome communication and behavior problems of children, adjustments to parenting according to special needs conditions, economic burdens, and intrapersonal problems of single parents. These challenges can be significant stressors that further degrade the quality of life of single parents and their children. However, they can be opportunities for personality development and parenting skills through self-care efforts and seeking psychiatric help, including efforts to find a community that understands the experience of being a single parent. Conclusions: Efforts to help single parents cope with loneliness include improving self-efficacy, emotional stability, positive parenting, and social intelligence by being part of a supportive community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cabin fever is described as some combination of irritability, moodiness, and depression due to isolation during COVID-19. Cabin fever may happen to anyone who has to isolate themself at home because of the COVID-19 outbreak. We aim to identify the risk factor, the influence of hormone imbalance on mood changes, and how to deal with cabin fever during isolation due to COVID-19. People who are unable to connect with other people physically, unable to do activities that they used to do, unmotivated due to having no work, and anxious about finances due to lack of income may have a higher risk of cabin fever. Review: Social isolation experienced by people with cabin fever may result in hormonal imbalances that eventually affect their mood. This is due to the stress that comes from prolonged stay-at-home orders, which are thought to disturb the balance of the hormones in a person’s body. Hormones which are able to cause mood changes are cortisol, thyroid, testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone. Cabin fever is not a recognized psychological condition. In this way, there is no standard treatment for cabin fever. Conclusion: Therefore, acceptance, reconciliation with oneself, coexistence and trust (intimate interactions, mindfulness, and positive self-shaping as self-control) are keys to overcome cabin fever. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bullying, a global public health issue, predominantly affects adolescents during their transition from elementary school, involving repeated aggressive behavior with a power imbalance, and can manifest as physical, verbal, relational, or social aggression. Aim: assess the effect of school bullying on physical health, psychological wellbeing and self-esteem among adolescents. Subjects and Methods: Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: It was conducted in four public schools (two schools for boys and two for girls from preparatory and secondary schools) affiliated to Minia City, Egypt, Subjects: Involving 400 students where one hundred school students were selected randomly from each school. Tools: Data collected through socio demographic tool, the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire, Physical Health Questionnaire (PHQ), Ryff's psychological well-being scale, and The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Results: More than three quarters of the students studied were bullying victims. Additionally, more than half of the students had low levels of psychological wellbeing and self-esteem. There was a negative correlation between bullying victimization and both psychological wellbeing and self-esteem. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between bullying victimization and various physical symptoms, including headache, sleep disturbance, bed wetting, inability to concentrate on studies, and vomiting. Conclusion: The study reveals that bullying victimization, particularly verbal and cyber bullying, is prevalent among students and is strongly associated with adverse physical symptoms, low self-esteem, and diminished psychological wellbeing. Recommendations: Schools should implement comprehensive anti-bullying policies that include education, support, and prevention strategies to create a safe and inclusive learning environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundMethodsResultsConclusionMindfulness-based interventions can successfully improve wellbeing in young adults. Mindful colouring is an applied mindfulness practice and improves short-term wellbeing. Less evidence is available about the effectiveness of regular, self-guided colouring. We investigated a self-guided two-week colouring intervention for university student wellbeing.One-hundred and forty university students completed a minimum of 10-min self-guided colouring, six times over two weeks. Participants were assessed at baseline and two-week follow-up using self-report measures of wellbeing, relating to quality of life, perceived stress, anxiety, depression, and mindfulness.Colouring significantly improved all measures of mental health, wellbeing and mindfulness in students who completed at least six sessions of self-guided colouring.Colouring is an accessible activity that can improve student wellbeing when carried out regularly over two weeks. Future research should investigate the impact of longer-term colouring practice on wellbeing, and the effect of this intervention in the general adult population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women represent approximately half of the refugee population, yet female-specific trauma pre, during, and after the refugee journey impacting post-settlement psychological wellbeing, is rarely explored. This scoping review described sources of evidence, key concepts, and gaps regarding traumatic experiences and the psychological wellbeing of women from refugee backgrounds following traumatic experiences with a particular interest in positive change post-settlement. Inclusion criteria were a) women from refugee backgrounds who experienced traumatic events throughout the refugee journey, and b) reported positive changes in their psychological wellbeing post-settlement. The systematic search strategy identified references from PsycINFO, PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS, and CINAHL databases as well as Google Scholar across 1992–2023. Ten studies were extracted, and data were mapped to study characteristics, trauma characteristics, psychological wellbeing domains, and recommendations for further studies. Findings described an emphasis on qualitative methods, utilizing interviews as a data collection technique, and recruiting participants from countries of origin or host countries with typically small populations of women from refugee backgrounds. It excluded individuals with disabilities. Traumatic experiences were signified as trauma types (refugee trauma and female-specific trauma) and trauma durations (acute trauma and prolonged trauma). Psychological wellbeing domains of autonomy, personal growth, and positive relations were the most represented, and purpose in life and self-acceptance were the least represented across the studies. Studies suggested further exploration of female-specific refugee trauma and its impacts to provide tailored support services. In conclusion, there was a paucity of studies that considered the psychological implications of experiencing female-specific refugee trauma influencing positive psychological wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reports on a study that evaluated an innovative 6-week summer returners' programme, part of the Health Education England RePAIR project, designed to support nursing students who have interrupted their studies. Held from May to July 2022, the programme addressed diverse needs through academic guidance, mental health and resilience workshops, creative arts, professional identity development, and practical nursing skills training. The programme ran alongside support from the programme team, student engagement services, and ongoing communication via phone and email. Despite non-mandatory sessions leading to varying attendance, the combined efforts facilitated the return of 67 out of 135 interrupted students. Thematic analysis identified four key themes: anticipation and fear, making contact and reaching out, preparing for return, and psychological wellbeing. The programme's effectiveness underscores the necessity of tailored support strategies to enhance retention and wellbeing. This innovative approach highlights the importance of personalised support in aiding nursing students' return to education and addressing nursing workforce shortages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Literature suggests that laughter interventions can positively influence psychological well-being and quality of life (QoL) in various populations, yet their efficacy among cancer patients remains underexplored. This mini systematic review aims to examine the cross-sectional associations between laughter/humor interventions and psychological wellbeing/Quality of life and synthesize the latest quantitative evidence regarding the effects of laughter interventions on the psychological wellbeing/Quality of life of cancer patients as well as the longitudinal relationships between interventions and outcome. A comprehensive search was conducted across electronic databases to identify relevant studies published from 2011 until 2022. Eligible studies were those examining the impact of laughter interventions on psychological well-being and Quality of Life in cancer patients. Five studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The findings indicate significant improvements in various psychological parameters following laughter interventions among cancer patients, including stress, depression, anxiety, overall Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), emotional well-being, Global Health Status & QoL, mental well-being, and positive mood. Moreover, the review highlights the synergistic effects of laughter when combined with other therapeutic elements. However, it was noted that laughter therapy did not demonstrate significant efficacy for moderate to severe depression among cancer patients. Longitudinal effects of laughter interventions on psychological well-being and QoL remain inconclusive. This systematic review underscores the beneficial effects of laughter interventions on the psychological well-being and QoL of cancer patients. It suggests the potential for multidisciplinary approaches, led by Health Psychology Practitioners, to develop and implement tailored laughter therapy programs for this population. Further research is warranted to elucidate the longitudinal effects and optimal delivery methods of laughter interventions in the context of cancer care. Plain Language Summary: Laughter interventions to improve psychological well-being- A mini systematic review Literature suggests that laughter interventions can positively influence psychological well-being and quality of life (QoL) in various populations, yet their efficacy among cancer patients remains underexplored. This mini systematic review aims to examine the cross-sectional associations between laughter/humor interventions and psychological wellbeing/Quality of life and synthesize the latest quantitative evidence regarding the effects of laughter interventions on the psychological wellbeing/Quality of life of cancer patients as well as the longitudinal relationships between interventions and outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Issue Addressed: Nostalgia—the bittersweet reliving of the past—has been linked to social connection and psychological wellbeing. Although food consumption is often an intrinsically social experience, relatively little research has examined how individuals experience and understand how food consumption relates to feelings of nostalgia, food and mood. Methods: In the current study, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with eight Australians from varying cultural backgrounds to explore their experiences with nostalgia, food and mood. Results: Reflexive thematic analysis identified three key themes from the data: (i) The bittersweet experiences of food‐evoked nostalgia—individuals' descriptions of food‐evoked nostalgia and how it impacted their mood both positively and negatively (ii) social connection and identity continuity—participants' description of food‐evoked nostalgia and how this provides an opportunity for social connection and identity continuity throughout life, which positively influences mood, and (iii) the role and relationship of food‐evoked nostalgia and mood—individual descriptions of the important role that nostalgic food plays in their life, in addition to their relationship with food, and how this impacts mood. Conclusions: Understanding the positive component of nostalgic foods allowed individuals to bolster positive mood states with food‐evoked nostalgia, increasing their quality of life. So What?: Understanding the link between food‐evoked nostalgia and mood has significant implications, suggesting that negative mood states altered by nostalgic foods may result in positive mood states. Appropriate use of food‐evoked nostalgia may increase the quality of life for individuals experiencing low mood states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on social media have found that monitoring can be damaging for close relationships. In the context of family relationships, however, studies have recommended that parents increase their electronic supervision for their children. Theoretically, teenagers are seeking independence, so tracking them may hinder their development and/or prompt resentment. The purpose of the current study is to examine how using Life360, a mobile tracking application, relates to the quality of parent-child relationships. Quantitative data comes from 285 participants (Mean age = 20.49; SD = 2.84) who completed an online survey regarding the degree to which their parents used Life360 during high school and college, their mental well-being, and measures of the parent-child relationship. Correlation analyses revealed a positive relationship between parents using Life360 and parental involvement and connectedness. Additionally, self-esteem was negatively associated with parents' reaching out to their children as a result of Life360. However, regression analyses revealed few relationships between Life360 behaviors, mental health, and the parent-child relationship. Implications for parents, teenagers, and family counselors will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: According to the World Health Organization, 20% of children and adolescents worldwide currently have mental health problems, but effective treatment coverage in this area is very low. Therefore, the application of evidence-based interventions for children with separation anxiety disorder is a fundamental necessity. Aims: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of play attachment therapy and play therapy based on the parent-child relationship on the psychological well-being of children with separation anxiety disorder. Methods: The method of the present study is quasi-experimental and a pre-test, post-test-follow-up design of 2 months was used to collect data. The statistical population of this study included all mothers and children aged five to six years old with separation anxiety who were enrolled in preschool centers or kindergartens in District 4 of Tehran in the academic year 2022-2023. An experimental group and a control group were assigned. The experimental groups received attachment-focused play therapy for 8 sessions of 90 minutes and play therapy based on parent-child relationships for 10 sessions of 120 minutes. To collect data, a psychological well-being questionnaire (Abed et al., 2016) was used. Data were analyzed using SPSS.24 software using repeated measure analysis of variance. Results: The results of repeated measure analysis of variance showed that each Attachment-based play therapy and parent-child relationship play therapy significantly improved the psychological well-being of children with separation anxiety disorder (P< 0.05). The results of Bonferroni's post hoc tests showed that there was no difference between Attachment-based play therapy and parent-child relationship play therapy in the post-test and follow-up stages. Conclusion: According to the above, and the relatively high prevalence of this disorder and its comorbidity with other disorders among children and adolescents, the use of evidence-based interventions such as Attachment-based play therapy and parent-child relationship play therapy can significantly reduce their psychological distress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smartphone addiction adversely affects adolescent psychological wellbeing. However, little is known about the role of academic procrastination and school burnout in this relationship. The main objective of the current study was to examine the associations between smartphone addiction and psychological wellbeing, a multiple mediation analysis that included academic procrastination and school burnout. The participants consisted of 409 adolescents whose ages ranged between 13 and 19 years (Mage = 16.024, SD = 1.674). Analyses revealed the serial mediating role of academic procrastination and school burnout between smartphone addiction and psychological wellbeing was accepted. Overall, these results suggested that the smartphone addiction is a risk factor for adolescents' psychological wellbeing and that academic procrastination and school burnout also increase this risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the globally aging population, neighborhood senior activity centers (SACs) provide a platform for older adults to remain active and socially connected to the community, maintaining psychosocial wellbeing for successful aging. We studied perceptions and participation of members from a neighborhood SAC, their psychosocial wellbeing and living experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. We adopted a sequential mixed-methods study design: 49 members of a SAC, aged ≥ 60, were recruited, and 13 of them were subsequently selected for focus group discussions. Participants revealed that the center and its programs provided them with opportunities to learn something new, occupy time meaningfully, receive care and support, engage with others and increase social interaction, especially through health-related programs. Majority of participants felt increased social isolation with COVID-19 restrictions, due to increased restrictions, boredom, fear and reluctance in engaging in programs outside of their homes. Our quantitative results suggest no associations between frequency of participation in center's programs and psychosocial wellbeing. Nevertheless, the center appears to play an important role in improving psychosocial wellbeing, providing structure and social engagement among older adults in the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Psychological well-being (PWB) is an important component of positive mental health (PMH) and an asset for population health. This study examined correlates of PWB among community-dwelling adults (18+ years) in the 10 Canadian provinces. Methods: Using data from the 2019 Canadian Community Health Survey Rapid Response on PMH, we conducted linear regression analyses with sociodemographic, mental health, physical health and substance use variables as predictors of PWB. PWB was measured using six questions from the Mental Health Continuum--Short Form, which asked about feelings of self-acceptance, personal growth, environmental mastery, autonomy, positive relations and purpose in life during the past month. Results: In unadjusted and adjusted analyses, older age, being married or in a commonlaw relationship and having a BMI in the overweight category (25.00-29.99) were associated with higher PWB, while reporting a mood disorder, anxiety disorder, high perceived life stress, engaging in heavy episodic drinking and frequent cannabis use were associated with lower PWB. Sex, having children living at home, immigrant status, racialized group membership, educational attainment, household income tertile, having a BMI in the obese category (≥30.00), major chronic disease and smoking status were not significantly associated with PWB. Conclusion: This research identifies sociodemographic, mental health, physical health and substance use factors associated with PWB among adults in Canada. These findings highlight groups and characteristics that could be the focus of future research to promote PMH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Psychiatric mental health nurses often work in highly demanding environments and situations and are exposed to multiple work-based stressors simultaneously. We aimed to explore the influence of self-compassion on fatigue and psychological wellbeing, and to evaluate the possible contributing factors for self-compassion, fatigue, and psychological wellbeing among psychiatric nurses. A descriptive correlational study using a convenience sample was used to employ 50 psychiatric nurses. Participants categorized into three groups based on their scores on The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SF): Group 1: low self-compassion, Group 2: moderate self-compassion, and Group 3: high self-compassion. All participants were assessed by socio-demographic data questionnaire, Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), and Psychological Wellbeing Scale. Results: Regarding FAS and wellbeing, group 1 had the highest mean of both scores, whereas group 3 had the lowest mean of both scores. Psychiatric nurses with high self-compassion were significantly more likely to be male, have a lower overall fatigue score, and have better psychological wellbeing. Psychiatric nurses with high fatigue scores were more likely to be female, married, have diploma, have less self-compassion, and have poorer psychological wellbeing. Conclusions: Psychiatry nurses with higher self-compassion had lower fatigue score and better psychological wellbeing. Gender and education level were significant factors for self-compassion and fatigue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the construction industry, irregular schedules and long hours disrupt workers' circadian rhythms, adversely affecting their safety and health. While studies have shown that sleep timing influences safety and health, they often overlook sleep quantity, work-shift start time, and a broad range of safety and health outcomes. To fill this gap, this study examines the relationship between circadian rhythm and safety health factors, including psychological issues, wellbeing, behavioral issues, altruistic behaviors, sleep quantity, starting hours at work, and parental care in 1,400 construction workers using a questionnaire. We investigated safety health using scales for psychological issues (0-34), wellbeing (0-24), behavioral issues (0-29), and altruistic behaviors (0-27). Midsleep time on weekends estimated circadian rhythm, with multilevel regressions adjusting for sleep quantity, work start time, and various characteristics. Results showed average midsleep at 04: 11 h, with a 1 h delay associated with increased psychological issues (0.37), behavioral issues (3.0%), decreased wellbeing (0.19), and decreased altruistic behaviors (0.18). These findings highlight a correlation between early circadian rhythm and poor safety health, independent of sleep quantity and work-shift start time. Addressing circadian rhythm disruptions could be crucial for improving safety health outcomes, suggesting that work schedule adjustments and better sleep practices may mitigate adverse effects on workers' health and wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Grandparents are increasingly becoming key figures in the supplementary care of grandchildren. Based on the Resilience Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation, the present study aims to analyze the emotional competences that canpl predict higher levels of psychological wellbeing and quality of life in supplementary grandparents caregivers. Methods: A sample of 270 supplementary grandparents caregivers living in Spain participated. Most participants were women (71.1%), and the mean age was 67.83 years (SD = 6.26). Most participants were occasional caregivers, that is, they care for less than 10 h per week (76.3%). We conducted hierarchical multiple regression analysis, one for psychological wellbeing and the other for quality of life. Results: The regression model for psychological wellbeing identified that age, management of caregiving stress, self-confidence in the caregiving role, management of work-life balance difficulties and emotional self-regulation explained 32.8% of its variance. The regression model for quality of life showed that age, type of grandparent caregiver, management of caregiving stress, management of work-life balance difficulties and emotional self-regulation explained 31.2% of its variance. Conclusion: This study focuses on supplementary grandparents caregivers, whereas literature has tended to look at primary grandparents caregivers. The results highlight the role of emotional competences as predictors of supplementary grandparents caregivers' psychological wellbeing and quality of life, overcoming the usual tendency in the literature to focus on the negative consequences of grandparents caregiving for grandchildren, and emphasizing the competences that grandparents have to cope with this care in a satisfactory way, which, moreover, can be trained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]