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A psychoanalytic theory explaining the relation of child sexual abuse with the development of adult neuroses is presented. The theory will be evaluated in relation to Freud's seduction hypothesis, which suggests that hysteria or neuroses results from the attempt to erase internal psychic pain rooted to a traumatic experience such as unwanted intrusion on the child's body from the outside. The analysis focuses on effect of these experiences on the psychological development of the child rather than on the motivation of the perpetrator for committing the act.

Effective treatment of alcoholism requires adopting a psychodynamically informed casespecific approach. Control mastery theory provides a powerful way to understand and treat the alcoholic patient. The theory posits that individuals hold unconscious pathogenic beliefs that contribute to the development and maintenance of alcoholism. The primary therapeutic goal is to create a safe atmosphere that enables patients to disabuse themselves of their maladaptive beliefs and their attendant guilt. In this way, patients become freer to more accurately test reality and thus more effectively pursue normal developmental goals. The treatment of the alcoholic patient progresses through phases, each of which poses different therapeutic challenges. The salient therapeutic tasks addressed in this article are denial, containing affect, relapse prevention, and Alcoholics Anonymous involvement. By understanding the individual's unique pathogenic belief system, the therapist is better equipped to help the patient through the generic phases and tasks of the recovery process.

The current status of counseling psychology is analyzed from the perspective of a Freudian, drive-structure theory. It is argued that counseling psychology has committed the classical response to the oedipal conflict in its treatment of counselor education by identifying with the aggressor (i.e., pshychiatry and clinical psychology). A more unified relationship between counseling psychology and counselor education is recommended.