886 results on '"PstI"'
Search Results
2. Low-cost sample preservation methods for high-throughput processing of rumen microbiomes
- Author
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Juliana C. C. Budel, Melanie K. Hess, Timothy P. Bilton, Hannah Henry, Ken G. Dodds, Peter H. Janssen, John C. McEwan, and Suzanne J. Rowe
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Genotyping-by-sequencing ,Rumen microbial profiles ,PstI ,RE-RRS ,Rumen microbiology ,Superorganism ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Abstract Background The use of rumen microbial community (RMC) profiles to predict methane emissions has driven interest in ruminal DNA preservation and extraction protocols that can be processed cheaply while also maintaining or improving DNA quality for RMC profiling. Our standard approach for preserving rumen samples, as defined in the Global Rumen Census (GRC), requires time-consuming pre-processing steps of freeze drying and grinding prior to international transportation and DNA extraction. This impedes researchers unable to access sufficient funding or infrastructure. To circumvent these pre-processing steps, we investigated three methods of preserving rumen samples for subsequent DNA extraction, based on existing lysis buffers Tris-NaCl-EDTA-SDS (TNx2) and guanidine hydrochloride (GHx2), or 100% ethanol. Results Rumen samples were collected via stomach intubation from 151 sheep at two time-points 2 weeks apart. Each sample was separated into four subsamples and preserved using the three preservation methods and the GRC method (n = 4 × 302). DNA was extracted and sequenced using Restriction Enzyme-Reduced Representation Sequencing to generate RMC profiles. Differences in DNA yield, quality and integrity, and sequencing metrics were observed across the methods (p 0.99) but slightly more variable compared to the GRC method. Relative abundances were moderately to highly correlated (0.68 ± 0.13) between methods for samples collected within a time-point, which was greater than the average correlation (0.17 ± 0.11) between time-points within a preservation method. Conclusions The two modified lysis buffers solutions (TNx2 and GHx2) proposed in this study were shown to be viable alternatives to the GRC method for RMC profiling in sheep. Use of these preservative solutions reduces cost and improves throughput associated with processing and sequencing ruminal samples. This development could significantly advance implementation of RMC profiles as a tool for breeding ruminant livestock.
- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
3. Low-cost sample preservation methods for high-throughput processing of rumen microbiomes.
- Author
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Budel, Juliana C. C., Hess, Melanie K., Bilton, Timothy P., Henry, Hannah, Dodds, Ken G., Janssen, Peter H., McEwan, John C., and Rowe, Suzanne J.
- Subjects
MICROBIAL communities ,RUMEN microbiology ,GENOTYPES ,SELENOMONAS ,DNA analysis - Abstract
Background: The use of rumen microbial community (RMC) profiles to predict methane emissions has driven interest in ruminal DNA preservation and extraction protocols that can be processed cheaply while also maintaining or improving DNA quality for RMC profiling. Our standard approach for preserving rumen samples, as defined in the Global Rumen Census (GRC), requires time-consuming pre-processing steps of freeze drying and grinding prior to international transportation and DNA extraction. This impedes researchers unable to access sufficient funding or infrastructure. To circumvent these pre-processing steps, we investigated three methods of preserving rumen samples for subsequent DNA extraction, based on existing lysis buffers Tris-NaCl-EDTA-SDS (TNx2) and guanidine hydrochloride (GHx2), or 100% ethanol. Results: Rumen samples were collected via stomach intubation from 151 sheep at two time-points 2 weeks apart. Each sample was separated into four subsamples and preserved using the three preservation methods and the GRC method (n = 4 × 302). DNA was extracted and sequenced using Restriction Enzyme-Reduced Representation Sequencing to generate RMC profiles. Differences in DNA yield, quality and integrity, and sequencing metrics were observed across the methods (p < 0.0001). Ethanol exhibited poorer quality DNA (A260/A230 < 2) and more failed samples compared to the other methods. Samples preserved using the GRC method had smaller relative abundances in gram-negative genera Anaerovibrio, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Selenomonas, and Succiniclasticum, but larger relative abundances in the majority of 56 additional genera compared to TNx2 and GHx2. However, log
10 relative abundances across all genera and time-points for TNx2 and GHx2 were on average consistent (R2 > 0.99) but slightly more variable compared to the GRC method. Relative abundances were moderately to highly correlated (0.68 ± 0.13) between methods for samples collected within a time-point, which was greater than the average correlation (0.17 ± 0.11) between time-points within a preservation method. Conclusions: The two modified lysis buffers solutions (TNx2 and GHx2) proposed in this study were shown to be viable alternatives to the GRC method for RMC profiling in sheep. Use of these preservative solutions reduces cost and improves throughput associated with processing and sequencing ruminal samples. This development could significantly advance implementation of RMC profiles as a tool for breeding ruminant livestock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. SPINKs in Tumors: Potential Therapeutic Targets.
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Liao, Chengcheng, Wang, Qian, An, Jiaxing, Zhang, Minglin, Chen, Jie, Li, Xiaolan, Xiao, Linlin, Wang, Jiajia, Long, Qian, Liu, Jianguo, and Guan, Xiaoyan
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DRUG target ,PROGNOSIS ,TUMOR markers ,PANCREATIC diseases ,PROTEASE inhibitors - Abstract
The serine protease inhibitor Kazal type (SPINK) family includes SPINK1-14 and is the largest branch in the serine protease inhibitor family. SPINKs play an important role in pancreatic physiology and disease, sperm maturation and capacitation, Nager syndrome, inflammation and the skin barrier. Evidence shows that the unregulated expression of SPINK1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 13 is closely related to human tumors. Different SPINKs exhibit various regulatory modes in different tumors and can be used as tumor prognostic markers. This article reviews the role of SPINK1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 13 in different human cancer processes and helps to identify new cancer treatment targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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5. SPINKs in Tumors: Potential Therapeutic Targets
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Chengcheng Liao, Qian Wang, Jiaxing An, Minglin Zhang, Jie Chen, Xiaolan Li, Linlin Xiao, Jiajia Wang, Qian Long, Jianguo Liu, and Xiaoyan Guan
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SPINKs ,tumor ,KLKs ,PSTI ,uPA ,EGFR ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
The serine protease inhibitor Kazal type (SPINK) family includes SPINK1-14 and is the largest branch in the serine protease inhibitor family. SPINKs play an important role in pancreatic physiology and disease, sperm maturation and capacitation, Nager syndrome, inflammation and the skin barrier. Evidence shows that the unregulated expression of SPINK1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 13 is closely related to human tumors. Different SPINKs exhibit various regulatory modes in different tumors and can be used as tumor prognostic markers. This article reviews the role of SPINK1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 13 in different human cancer processes and helps to identify new cancer treatment targets.
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- 2022
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6. Serum tumour associated trypsin inhibitor, as a biomarker for survival in renal cell carcinoma.
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Tornberg, Sara V., Nisen, Harry, Järvinen, Petrus, Järvinen, Riikka, Kilpeläinen, Tuomas P., Taari, Kimmo, Stenman, Ulf-Håkan, and Visapää, Harri
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RENAL cell carcinoma , *TRYPSIN inhibitors , *ACUTE phase proteins , *BIOMARKERS , *CANCER , *NEPHRECTOMY - Abstract
Tumour associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) is a peptide that is a marker for several tumours. TATI may also behave as an acute phase reactant in severe inflammatory disease. Overexpression of TATI predicts an unfavourable outcome for many cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of pre- and postoperative concentration of TATI in serum (S-TATI) of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). S-TATI was determined by time resolved immunofluorometric assay in preoperative and postoperative samples that were collected from 132 RCC patients, who underwent partial or complete nephrectomy in Helsinki University Hospital from May 2005 to July 2010. Preoperative S-TATI was significantly associated with tumour stage, lymph-node involvement, metastatic stage, Chronic Kidney Disease Stage (CKD grade), and preoperative C-reactive protein level (p < 0.05). Postoperative S-TATI was significantly associated only with CKD grade (p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis of postoperative S-TATI, as a continuous variable, was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (HR = 1.01, 95% CI = 1.00−1.01, p = 0.03) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) (HR = 1.01, 95% CI = 1.00−1.02, p = 0.004). Our data suggest that elevated postoperative S-TATI may be associated with adverse prognosis in RCC patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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7. Ten Cases of Taenia saginata Infection Confirmed by Analysis of the Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 rDNA Region in the Republic of Korea.
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Su-Min Song, Hae Soo Yun, Dorene, VanBik, Hyun-Ha Chang, Sang-Ah Lee, Shin-Woo Kim, Namhee Ryoo, Dong Yeub Eun, Nan Young Lee, Youn-Kyoung Goo, Yeonchul Hong, Meesun Ock, Hee-Jae Cha, and Dong-Il Chung
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TAENIA ,CYTOCHROME oxidase ,RECOMBINANT DNA ,RIBOSOMAL DNA ,BEEF industry ,POLYMERASE chain reaction - Abstract
From October 2015 to August 2018, tapeworm proglottids were obtained from 10 patients who were residents of Daegu and Gyeongbuk provinces and had a history of raw beef consumption. Most of them had no overseas travel experience. The gravid proglottids obtained from the 10 cases had 15-20 lateral uterine branches. A part of internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) DNA of the 10 cases, amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and digested with AleI restriction enzyme, produced the same band pattern of Taenia saginata, which differentiated from T. asiatica and T. solium. Sequences of ITS1 and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) showed higher homology to T. saginata than to T. asiatica and T. solium. Collectively, these 10 cases were identified as T. saginata human infections. As taeniasis is one of the important parasitic diseases in humans, it is necessary to maintain hygienic conditions during livestock farming to avoid public health concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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8. Meta-analysis of the impact of SPINK1 p.N34S gene variation in Caucasic patients with chronic pancreatitis. An update.
- Author
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Di Leo, Milena, Bianco, Margherita, Zuppardo, Raffaella Alessia, Guslandi, Mario, Calabrese, Federica, Mannucci, Alessandro, Neri, Tauro Maria, Testoni, Pier Alberto, Leandro, Gioacchino, and Cavestro, Giulia Martina
- Abstract
Background SPINK1 p.N34S gene variation is one of the endogenous factors which seem to be associated with chronic pancreatitis (CP). However, in literature there is no clear agreement regarding its contribution in different ethnicity and CP etiologies. Aim To investigate the role of SPINK1 p.N34S gene variation in CP patients with European origin by means of meta-analysis. Methods Literature search was conducted and case–control studies evaluating Caucasian population, published between May 2007 and May 2015, were included. We also included Caucasian selected studies analyzed in previous meta-analysis. We carried out meta-analysis including all selected studies. After that, we performed two additional meta-analyses considering the incidence of SPINK1 p.N34S gene variation in alcoholic or in idiopathic CP patients vs control group. Results Twenty-five studies were included and the total number of subjects was 8800 (2981 cases and 5819 controls). The presence of p.N34S variation increased nine times the overall CP risk in population of European origin [OR 9.695 (CI 95% 7.931–11.851)]. Also, the contribution of SPINK1 in idiopathic pancreatitis [OR 13.640 (CI 95% 8.858–21.002)] was found to be higher than in alcoholic CP [5.283 (CI 95% 3.449–8.092)]. Conclusion The association between SPINK1 p.N34S gene variation and CP is confirmed. Also, we confirmed that the idiopathic etiology needs a better definition by means of genetic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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9. Türk Popülasyonunda PstI Polimorfizminin Prostat Kanseri ile İlişkisinin Araştırılması
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Muhammed Hamza MUSLUMANOGLU, Tanju BASMACİ, Selma Demir ULUSAL, Huseyin ASLAN, Emre TEPELİ, Muhsin OZDEMİR, and Mehmet TURGUT
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ins ,polymorphism ,prostate cancer ,psti ,polimorfizm ,prostat kanseri ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Giriş: İnsülin ve kolon, akciğer ve endometrium kanserleri gibi bazı kanser türleri arasında pozitif bir korelasyon olduğu bilinmektedir. Prostat kanseri de bunlardan birisidir. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız insülin geni 3" UTR bölgesinde lokalize olan INS+1127 PstI polimosfizminin prostat kanseri etiyolojinde rolünü araştırmaktır. Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya 71 prostat kanseri tanısı almış hasta ve 119 normal kontrol bireyi dahil edilmiştir. INS+1127 PstI polimorfizm araştırması için PCR ve RFLP tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonucunda INS geni PstI polimorfizmi genotipleri prostat kanserli hastalarda (n:71) %67,6 CC, %28,2 CT, %4,2 TT; kontrol grubunda (n: 119) %78,2 CC, %21 CT, %0,8 TT olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Hasta ve kontroller arasındaki genotip dağılımında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır (P=0,078).
- Published
- 2013
10. The Relationship Between Insulin PSTI Polymorphism and Prostate Cancer in Turkish Population
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Muhammed Hamza Muslumanoglu, Tanju Basmaci, Selma Demir Ulusal, Huseyin Aslan, Emre Tepeli, Muhsin Ozdemir, and Mehmet Turgut
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INS ,polymorphism ,prostate cancer ,PstI ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Purpose: There is positive correlation between insulin and various cancers such as colon, lung and endometrium. Protate cancer is the one of them. The aim of this study, to determine the incidance of INS+1127 PstI polymorphism, located in the 3 UTR of insulin gene, between prostate cancer cases and controls and to clarify if this polymorphism have any role in the etiology of prostate cancer. Methods: We investigated 71 prostate cancer cases and 119 normal controls unrelated to patients. INS+1127 PstI polymorphism was investigated with PCR and RFLP method. Results: At the end of study; INS+1127 PstI polymorphism genotypes out to be 67.6 % CC, 28.2 % CT, 4.2 % TT among prostatic cancer individuals and 78.2% CC, 21% CT, 0.8% TT among control group individuals. Conclusion: As a result, there was no significant difference between patients and control group, in the genotype distribution. [Cukurova Med J 2013; 38(3.000): 434-439]
- Published
- 2013
11. Serum tumour associated trypsin inhibitor, as a biomarker for survival in renal cell carcinoma
- Author
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Harry Nisen, Sara V Tornberg, Tuomas P. Kilpeläinen, Kimmo Taari, Riikka Järvinen, Petrus Järvinen, Harri Visapää, and Ulf-Håkan Stenman
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Urology ,Trypsin inhibitor ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Peptide ,macromolecular substances ,Disease ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,PstI ,Renal cell carcinoma ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Carcinoma, Renal Cell ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,business.industry ,musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology ,Acute-phase protein ,Cancer ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Kidney Neoplasms ,3. Good health ,nervous system ,chemistry ,Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic ,Nephrology ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Biomarker (medicine) ,business - Abstract
Tumour associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) is a peptide that is a marker for several tumours. TATI may also behave as an acute phase reactant in severe inflammatory disease. Overexpression of TATI predicts an unfavourable outcome for many cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of pre- and postoperative concentration of TATI in serum (S-TATI) of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC).S-TATI was determined by time resolved immunofluorometric assay in preoperative and postoperative samples that were collected from 132 RCC patients, who underwent partial or complete nephrectomy in Helsinki University Hospital from May 2005 to July 2010.Preoperative S-TATI was significantly associated with tumour stage, lymph-node involvement, metastatic stage, Chronic Kidney Disease Stage (CKD grade), and preoperative C-reactive protein level (Our data suggest that elevated postoperative S-TATI may be associated with adverse prognosis in RCC patients.
- Published
- 2020
12. The Genetic Diversity of TLR4 MHC-DRB Genes in Dairy Goats Using PCR-RFLP Technique
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M. Petlane, R. R. Noor, and R. R. A. Maheswari
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genetic diversity ,TLR4 ,AluI ,DRB ,PstI ,TaqI ,dairy goats ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
This research was aimed at evaluating the genetic polymorphism of TLR4 and MHC-DRB genes in dairy goats [(Saanen, Etawah Grade-Saanen Crossbred (PESA), and Etawah Grade (PE)] using PCR -RFLP. The two genes are involved in immunity where they play a crucial role in pathogens recognition and presentation to T-cells and CD4 cells. PCR was used to amplify genomic DNA for TLR4 (382 bp) and CaLA-DRB (285 bp) genes fragments. Genetic polymorphism was detected by digesting TLR4 amplimer with AluI while DRB amplimers were digested with PstI and TaqI in two separate reactions. The results showed that TLR4|AluI was monomorphic and fixed with allele T in all three breeds while DRB|TaqI and DRB|PstI loci were found polymorphic for all breeds. Heterozygosity expected (He) and PIC were found low at both DRB|TaqI and DRB|PstI loci in PE and Saanen. Χ2 results showed that DRB|PstI in PE and DRB|TaqI in PESA were not in H-W equilibrium and did not display homozygous recessive genotype. The results declared that TLR4|AluI was not a good for marker for diseases resistance whereas DRB|TaqI and DRB|PstI gave hope for resistance based on their PIC.
- Published
- 2012
13. PCR MP Method for Differentiation of Clavibacter michiganensis Subsp. sepedonicus Isolates
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Agata Jagiełło, Edward Arseniuk, Aleksander Masny, Tomasz Wołkowicz, and Agnieszka Węgierek-Maciejewska
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Genetic diversity ,biology ,Plant Science ,HindIII ,Subspecies ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Restriction enzyme ,030104 developmental biology ,PstI ,biology.protein ,BamHI ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Clavibacter michiganensis ,Bacteria ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The published data indicate that the bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (Cms) shows a notably low degree of intraspecific variation, and most of the molecular diagnostic methods could differentiate among subspecies groups but lacked the resolution to detect genetic diversity within subspecies. The present study describes effective differentiation of 50 isolates of C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus by the PCR MP method using five restriction enzymes (ApaI, PstI, BamHI, XmaI, HindIII). By analysing the electrophoretic patterns obtained by the PCR MP method performed with the applied restriction enzymes, each of the 50 tested isolates could be identified and distinguished from the remaining isolates. The PCR MP method of bacterial strain identification can be used in epidemiological studies, particularly for excluding the isolates of C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus as a source of primary infection.
- Published
- 2019
14. Leer e interpretar la imagen para traducir Reading and interpreting images for translating
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José Yuste Frías
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imagen ,símbolo ,colores ,paratextualidad ,paratraducción ,publicidad ,TISP ,image ,symbol ,colours ,paratextuality ,paratranslation ,advertising ,PSTI ,Romanic languages ,PC1-5498 ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Desde la noción de paratraducción como fundamento traductológico, la imagen puede ser considerada en traducción como un paratexto icónico cuya lectura e interpretación simbólicasrequieren de una cierta disciplina metodológica paratraductiva a la hora de cultivar el sentido de la mirada del traductor.A través de dos corpus diferentes, por una lado, las imágenes dibujadas de unos supuestos «pictogramas» de la Xunta de Galicia y, por otro, las «nuevas caras» de los estuches de Kinder Chocolate, José Yuste Frías demuestra en este artículo que la imagen en traducción no es universal. La manipulación de la imagen, conlleva no sólo implicaciones simbólicas, sino también, ideológicas, políticas, sociales y culturales que influyen enormemente en la presentación final de los productos de la traducción.From the translatological standpoint of paratranslation, images can ben considered in translation as iconic paratexts whose symbolic reading and interpretation call for a certain methodological and paratranslational discipline regarding the creation and development of the translator's perspective. Based on two different corpora, -on the one hand the sketchs of would-be "pictograms" by Xunta de Galicia, on the other, the "new faces" of Kinder Chocolate boxes- José Yuste Frías shows in this paper that images in translation are not universal. Manipulation of images entails not only symbolic implications, but also ideological, political, social and cultural questions that have a key import in the final presentation of the products of translation.
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- 2011
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15. Microbial Characterization of Streptomyces Isolates from Oil Contaminated Soil
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Elif ÇİL and Kamil IŞIK
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Basic Sciences ,Temel Bilimler ,EcoRI ,PstI ,HindP1I ,biyobozunma ,biodegradation - Abstract
Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de Ataş Petrol Terminali'nde yağla kirlenmiş yüzey toprağından on dokuz farklı Streptomyces suşu izole edilmiştir. İzolatların seçiminde Biyobozunma ve Restriksiyon Parça Uzunluk Polimorfizmi (RFLP) testleri kullanılmıştır. Streptomyces cinsine ait izolatlar, 16S rDNA analizi ile doğrulanmıştır. 16S rDNA geni amplifikasyonu ve dizilemesi için 1592r, 1492r, 800r, 518f ve 27f primerleri seçilmiştir. Ardından fenotipik, fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal özellikleri belirlemek için 93 birimlik karakterler kullanılmıştır. Tüm suşlar Tween 80, kazein, jelatin, hipoksantin, RNA, L-tirozin, elastin'i parçalayabilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, EL039, EL045 ve EL060 toprak izolatlarının, on bir bozunma testine de pozitif sonuç verdiğinden daha iyi bozunma potansiyellerine sahip olduğu düşünülmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre EL037, EL039, EL060 sırasıyla S. albogriseolus, S. rochei, S. mutabilis'in bir üyesi olabilir ve filogenetik ağaç ve karakterizasyon testleri özellikle EL038, EL045, EL057'nin yeni üye olabileceğini göstermiştir. Streptomyces cinsine aittir. Streptomyces izolatlarının degradasyon enzim potansiyelleri sayesinde biyoteknolojik çalışmalara fayda sağlayacağı kanaatindeyiz., In this study, nineteen different Streptomyces strains were isolated from oil-contaminated surface soil at Ataş Oil Terminal in Turkey. Biodegradation and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism tests (RFLP) were used for selecting isolates. The isolates belonging to the genus Streptomyces were confirmed by 16S rDNA analysis. 1592r, 1492r, 800r, 518f, and 27f primers were chosen for the 16S rDNA gene amplifying and sequencing. Then 93-unit characters were used to determine phenotypic, physiological, and biochemical properties. All strains can degrade Tween 80, casein, gelatin, hypoxanthine, RNA, L-Tyrosine, elastin. Nevertheless, EL039, EL045, and EL060 soil isolates have better degradation potentials because of gave positive results to eleven degradation tests. According to the obtained results, EL037, EL039, EL060 could be a member of S. albogriseolus, S. rochei, S. mutabilis, respectively, and the phylogenetic tree and characterization tests indicated that especially, EL038, EL045, EL057 could be new members of Streptomyces genus. We perceive that the Streptomyces isolates would benefit biotechnological studies thanks to the degradation enzyme potentials.
- Published
- 2021
16. Associations between genetic variants of the POU1F1 gene and production traits in Saanen goats
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Güldehen Bilgen and Raziye Işık
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0301 basic medicine ,Cultural Studies ,Veterinary medicine ,0402 animal and dairy science ,Religious studies ,Locus (genetics) ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Biology ,040201 dairy & animal science ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,PstI ,chemistry ,Molecular marker ,Lactation ,Genotype ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Allele ,Allele frequency ,Gene - Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the polymorphisms of the POU1F1 gene and their relationships with milk yield and components, litter size, birth weight, and weaning weight in goats. For this purpose, a total of 108 Saanen goats from two different farms (Bornova and Manisa) were used as animal materials. Polymorphisms at the exon 6 and the 3′ flanking region of the POU1F1 gene were determined by using PCR-RFLP with PstI and AluI restriction enzymes and DNA sequencing analyses. Two alleles and three genotypes were identified by AluI or PstI digestions of the POU1F1 gene. The genotypes frequencies of TT, TC, and CC were 64.8 %, 31.5 % and 3.7 % for the PstI locus; 54.6 %, 31.5 % and 13.9 % for the AluI locus, respectively. T allele frequencies (0.56 and 0.88 for the AluI locus, 0.80 and 0.81 for the PstI locus, respectively) were predominant in both loci at the Bornova and Manisa farms. In terms of POU1F1-AluI and POU1F1-PstI loci, two populations were found to be in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. In the POU1F1-AluI locus, significant associations were found between genotypes and lactation milk yield and litter size. Similarly, a significant relationship between genotypes and birth weight in the POU1F1-PstI locus (p
- Published
- 2019
17. Sistem Analisa Tingkat Kepuasan Mahasiswa Terhadap Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar pada PSTI Unram dengan Menggunakan Metode Service Quality
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Zakiyah Rahmiati, Budi Irmawati, and I Gede Pasek Suta Wijaya
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Service (business) ,Service quality ,Multimedia ,biology ,Computer science ,Quality of service ,Mean opinion score ,Computer-assisted web interviewing ,computer.software_genre ,SERVQUAL ,PstI ,Black box ,biology.protein ,computer - Abstract
This system designed by website-based with service quality method which providing display online questionnaire that can be access by students of PSTI Unram. Students objectively fill the questionnaire, then the result will be displayed on page of Head Master, Lecturer and Operator PSTI Unram. There three ways in testing the application, Black Box, System, and Mean Opinion Score. Black Box shows that all the features run well. System shows the result of the system servqual score calculation is accordance with manual calculation. MOS administred 40 respondence of PSTI Unram Students, the result as much as 4,15. This shows that the system has been done well and accordance with the expected. Concluded that with this system, studens able to give the evaluation towards service provided during teaching and learning process, and PSTI Unram can receive the information about the analysis result of students satisfaction level towards the quality of service given. And for PSTI Unram can improve performance to provide an excellent services in the future.
- Published
- 2019
18. Genetic diversity of κ-casein (CSN3) and lactoferrin (LTF) genes in the endangered Turkish donkey (Equus asinus) populations
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Fulya Özdil, Raziye Işık, and Hasan Bulut
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Cultural Studies ,Genetics ,Restriction site ,Restriction enzyme ,PstI ,biology ,Genotype ,Religious studies ,biology.protein ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Allele ,Restriction fragment length polymorphism ,Gene - Abstract
In this study, the κ-casein (CSN3) and lactoferrin (LTF) genes which were found in association with milk production traits in different animal species were studied firstly in Turkish donkey populations. A total of 108 donkeys from different regions of Turkey were used in order to reveal the different genotypes of CSN3 and LTF genes by using polymerase chain reaction – restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing methods. To determine the genetic polymorphism, we attempted to digest a fragment of 235 bp of the CSN3 gene and a fragment of 751 bp of the LTF gene using PstI, and DraII, EagI and MboI restriction enzymes, respectively. Neither the CSN3 gene nor the LTF gene had enzyme recognition sites with the PstI, DraII and MboI restriction enzymes in all of the studied samples. However, the LTF gene was only distinguished with the EagI restriction enzyme. Three genotypes were identified in the LTF gene with the EagI restriction enzyme: GG homozygotes (667, 84 bp), AG heterozygotes (751; 667, 84 bp) and AA homozygotes (751 bp). The transition from guanine to adenine in 89 bp of the LTF gene lacks the restriction site and different genotypes are obtained. This novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has been firstly detected in donkeys. According to the results, the G allele was predominant in the LTF-EagI gene in the studied Turkish donkey populations. In this study, all the genotype distributions of LTF-EagI were not found in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (P
- Published
- 2019
19. Detection and allele identification of rice blast resistance gene, Pik, in Thai rice germplasm
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Chatchawan Jantasuriyarat, Wattanaporn Teerasan, Sureeporn Kate-Ngam, Kasirapat Ariya-anandech, and Chaivarakun Chaipanya
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Genetics ,Germplasm ,Molecular breeding ,Pcr cloning ,food and beverages ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:S1-972 ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,PstI ,law ,Specific primers ,biology.protein ,Allele ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Gene ,Polymerase chain reaction ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
The objectives of this study were to detect the rice blast resistance gene, Pik, in Thai rice germplasm and to identify their alleles. Rice blast resistance gene specific primers were designed and used to screen for the presence of the Pik resistance gene in 373 Thai rice varieties. The results showed that 29 out of the 373 Thai rice varieties contained the Pik gene. All 29 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were digested by the PstI restriction enzyme. PCR products from 25 rice varieties could be digested by the PstI enzyme, indicating that they contained the Pikp resistance group, which has a narrow disease spectrum. The PCR products from four rice varieties could not be digested by the PstI enzyme, suggesting that they contained the desirable Pikm resistance group, which has a broad disease spectrum. The nucleotide sequences of these four rice varieties in the Pikm resistance group revealed that the Khaw reng rice variety had the Pikm allele and the other three rice varieties had the Piks allele. Khaw reng can be used as an elite resistant donor in conventional and molecular breeding programs for blast disease resistance in Thailand. Keywords: DNA marker, Rice blast fungus, Rice blast disease
- Published
- 2018
20. An endonuclease-linked multiplex immunoassay for tumor markers detection based on microfluidic chip electrophoresis for DNA analysis
- Author
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Tianhua Li, Yuting Cao, Futao Hu, Ning Gan, Kai Zhang, and Linshun Xie
- Subjects
EcoRI ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Endonuclease ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,PstI ,Materials Chemistry ,medicine ,Multiplex ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Instrumentation ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,biology ,Chemistry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Metals and Alloys ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Molecular biology ,Primary and secondary antibodies ,0104 chemical sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Immunoassay ,biology.protein ,BamHI ,0210 nano-technology ,DNA - Abstract
It is crucial to detect multiple tumor markers (TMs) for cancer diagnosis. In the study, an endonuclease-linked multiplex immunoassay for TMs detection, with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) as models, was developed using microfluidic chip electrophoresis (MCE) for DNA analysis as platform. Firstly, three endonuclease (EDOs) labels were prepared by labeling secondary antibodies of TMs with EDOs (BamHI, PstI, EcoRI), respectively. Then, the primary antibodies of TMs were co-immobilized on the bottoms of 96-pore plate. Finally, the TMs and labels were simultaneously incubated in the pore to form various sandwich immunocomplexes. The EDOs on them can cut their corresponding DNA substrate strands into half fragments which can be separated and detected by MCE. The signal ratio (Ih/Is) of half fragments (Ih) and substrate (Is) was proportional to logarithm of TMs concentrations from 1 pg mL−1 to 10 ng mL−1 (U mL−1 for CA199) with detection limits of 0.35, 0.3 pg mL−1 for AFP, CEA and 0.36 U mL−1 for CA199. The multiplex immunoassay was successfully employed in human serums. More importantly, based on the signal conversion mode, MCE for DNA analysis can be easily extended to detect many diagnosis markers and has applicable value in clinics.
- Published
- 2018
21. TATI as a biomarker.
- Author
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Itkonen, Outi and Stenman, Ulf-Håkan
- Subjects
- *
TRYPSIN inhibitors , *SERINE proteinase inhibitors , *TUMOR markers , *APOPTOSIS , *GENETIC mutation , *GENE expression - Abstract
Abstract: Tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) [also called serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type1, SPINK1 and, in the pancreas, pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI)] inhibits trypsin and other serine proteinases and is expressed in several tissues. In addition to being a protease inhibitor, it also acts as an acute phase reactant and a growth factor. Furthermore, it may modulate apoptosis, play a role in reproduction, and be essential for normal tissue differentiation and repair. Serum TATI is elevated in many cancers and can thus be used as a diagnostic marker. Over-expression of TATI predicts an unfavorable outcome in several cancers and serum TATI can be used to identify patients at increased risk of aggressive disease. Serum TATI also increases in acute pancreatitis. Some TATI mutations predict susceptibility to recurrent or chronic pancreatitis. Recent developments in assay technologies may help in identifying mutation carriers conveniently without DNA testing. As TATI acts as a growth factor in some cancers, it has also been suggested as a therapeutic target. Taken together, assessment of TATI has several potentially important clinical applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. DNA adenine methylase, not the PstI restriction-modification system, regulates virulence gene expression in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli
- Author
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Bin Hu, Craig T. Parker, Xiaohua He, Steven Huynh, Patrick S. G. Chain, Michelle Qiu Carter, Antares Pham, and Avalon Miller
- Subjects
Site-Specific DNA-Methyltransferase (Adenine-Specific) ,Virulence Factors ,Prophages ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Shiga Toxin 2 ,03 medical and health sciences ,Viral Proteins ,Plasmid ,PstI ,medicine ,Humans ,Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific ,Gene ,Escherichia coli ,Prophage ,Escherichia coli Infections ,030304 developmental biology ,Genetics ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli ,Virulence ,030306 microbiology ,Escherichia coli Proteins ,Shiga toxin ,Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Pathogenicity island ,biology.protein ,bacteria ,Restriction modification system ,Food Science - Abstract
We previously reported a distinct methylome between the two Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O145:H28 strains linked to the 2010 U.S. lettuce-associated outbreak (RM13514) and the 2007 Belgium ice cream-associated outbreak (RM13516), respectively. This difference was thought to be attributed to a prophage encoded type II restriction-modification system (PstI R-M) in RM13514. Here, we characterized this PstI R-M system in comparison to DNA adenine methylase (Dam), a highly conserved enzyme in γ proteobacteria, by functional genomics. Deficiency in Dam led to a differential expression of over 1000 genes in RM13514, whereas deficiency in PstI R-M only impacted a few genes transcriptionally. Dam regulated genes involved in diverse functions, whereas PstI R-M regulated genes mostly encoding transporters and adhesins. Dam regulated a large number of genes located on prophages, pathogenicity islands, and plasmids, including Shiga toxin genes, type III secretion system (TTSS) genes, and enterohemolysin genes. Production of Stx2 in dam mutant was significantly higher than in RM13514, supporting a role of Dam in maintaining lysogeny of Stx2-prophage. However, following mitomycin C treatment, Stx2 in RM13514 was significantly higher than that of dam or PstI R-M deletion mutant, implying that both Dam and PstI R-M contributed to maximum Stx2 production.
- Published
- 2020
23. Serum tumour associated trypsin inhibitor, as a biomarker for survival in renal cell carcinoma : Scandinavian Journal of Urology
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Tornberg, Sara V., Nisen, Harry, Järvinen, Petrus, Järvinen, Riikka, Kilpeläinen, Tuomas P., Taari, Kimmo, Stenman, Ulf-Håkan, Visapää, Harri, Urologian yksikkö, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Area, HUS Abdominal Center, Clinicum, Department of Surgery, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Medicum, Department of Oncology, and HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Subjects
renal cell carcinoma ,SPINK1 ,TATI ,TISSUE ,3122 Cancers ,PSTI ,RADICAL NEPHRECTOMY ,survival ,CANCER ,S-TATI - Abstract
Objective Tumour associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) is a peptide that is a marker for several tumours. TATI may also behave as an acute phase reactant in severe inflammatory disease. Overexpression of TATI predicts an unfavourable outcome for many cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of pre- and postoperative concentration of TATI in serum (S-TATI) of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Materials and methods S-TATI was determined by time resolved immunofluorometric assay in preoperative and postoperative samples that were collected from 132 RCC patients, who underwent partial or complete nephrectomy in Helsinki University Hospital from May 2005 to July 2010. Results Preoperative S-TATI was significantly associated with tumour stage, lymph-node involvement, metastatic stage, Chronic Kidney Disease Stage (CKD grade), and preoperative C-reactive protein level (p?
- Published
- 2020
24. Simultaneous visualisation of the complete sets of telomeres from the MmeI generated terminal restriction fragments in yeasts
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Chao-Ya Liang, Jun Liu, Xiaojing Hong, and Jun-Ping Liu
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,XhoI ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,Telomere-Binding Proteins ,Bioengineering ,01 natural sciences ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Biochemistry ,Restriction fragment ,03 medical and health sciences ,Endonuclease ,PstI ,010608 biotechnology ,Genetics ,Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific ,Telomere Shortening ,030304 developmental biology ,Southern blot ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Telomere ,Subtelomere ,biology.organism_classification ,Repressor Proteins ,biology.protein ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Telomere length is measured using Southern blotting of the chromosomal terminal restriction fragments (TRFs) released by endonuclease digestion in cells from yeast to human. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, XhoI or PstI is applied to cut the subtelomere Y' element and release TRFs from the 17 subtelomeres. However, telomeres from other 15 X-element-only subtelomeres are omitted from analysis. Here, we report a method for measuring all 32 telomeres in S. cerevisiae using the endonuclease MmeI. Based on analyses of the endonuclease cleavage sites, we found that the TRFs generated by MmeI displayed two distinguishable bands in the sizes of ~500 and ~700 bp comprising telomeres (300 bp) and subtelomeres (200-400 bp). The modified MmeI-restricted TRF (mTRF) method recapitulated telomere shortening and lengthening caused by deficiencies of YKu and Rif1 respectively in S. cerevisiae. Furthermore, we found that mTRF was also applicable to telomere length analysis in S. paradoxus strains. These results demonstrate a useful tool for simultaneous detection of telomeres from all chromosomal ends with both X-element-only and Y'-element subtelomeres in S. cerevisiae species.
- Published
- 2020
25. Roles of Autophagy and Pancreatic Secretory Trypsin Inhibitor in Trypsinogen Activation in Acute Pancreatitis
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Masahiko Hirota, Daisuke Hashimoto, Koichi Suyama, Masaki Ohmuraya, Hiroki Sugita, and Michio Ogawa
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Protein Folding ,Trypsinogen ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Trypsin inhibitor ,Acinar Cells ,digestive system ,Cathepsin B ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,PstI ,Internal medicine ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Autophagy ,Animals ,Humans ,Trypsinogen activation ,Pancreatic Secretory Trypsin Inhibitor ,Glycoproteins ,Mice, Knockout ,Hepatology ,biology ,Secretory Vesicles ,Prostatic Secretory Proteins ,medicine.disease ,Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ,digestive system diseases ,Enzyme Activation ,Disease Models, Animal ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Pancreatitis ,Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Proteolysis ,biology.protein ,Acute pancreatitis ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Pancreas ,Lysosomes ,Transcription Factor CHOP ,Molecular Chaperones - Abstract
The focus of the review is on roles of autophagy and pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI), an endogenous trypsin inhibitor, in trypsinogen activation in acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis is a disease in which tissues in and around the pancreas are autodigested by pancreatic digestive enzymes. This reaction is triggered by the intrapancreatic activation of trypsinogen. Autophagy causes trypsinogen and cathepsin B, a trypsinogen activator, to colocalize within the autolysosomes. Consequently, if the resultant trypsin activity exceeds the inhibitory activity of PSTI, the pancreatic digestive enzymes are activated, and they cause autodigestion of the acinar cells. Thus, autophagy and PSTI play important roles in the development and suppression of acute pancreatitis, respectively.
- Published
- 2020
26. Pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor reduces multi-organ injury caused by gut ischemia/reperfusion in mice
- Author
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Tania Marchbank and Raymond J. Playford
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Critical Care and Emergency Medicine ,Apoptosis ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Enzyme assays ,Mesentery ,Colorimetric assays ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Hypoxia ,Pancreatic Secretory Trypsin Inhibitor ,Bioassays and physiological analysis ,Kidney ,Multidisciplinary ,MTT assay ,biology ,Cell Death ,Lung Injury ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cell Processes ,Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Reperfusion Injury ,Physical Sciences ,Medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Histology ,Science ,Trypsin inhibitor ,Materials Science ,Material Properties ,Ischemia ,Inflammation ,Permeability ,03 medical and health sciences ,PstI ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,business.industry ,Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Kidneys ,Cell Biology ,Renal System ,medicine.disease ,Hsp70 ,Transplantation ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,Research and analysis methods ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Biochemical analysis ,Reperfusion ,biology.protein ,Caco-2 Cells ,business ,Digestive System - Abstract
Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury occurs during transplantation, mesenteric arterial occlusion, trauma and shock, causing systemic inflammation, multiple organ dysfunction and high mortality. Pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI), a serine protease inhibitor expressed in gut mucosa may function as a mucosal protective/repair peptide. We examined whether PSTI affected mesenteric I/R-induced injury. Hypoxia/normoxia (H/N) caused 50% drop in cell viability of AGS, RIE1 and Caco-2 cells but PSTI (10 μg/ml) given prior- or during-hypoxic period improved survival by 50% (p
- Published
- 2020
27. Optical coherence tomography findings predictive of response to treatment in diabetic macular edema
- Author
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Dong Hyun Lee, Min Kim, and Young Joo Cho
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Medicine (General) ,intravitreal bevacizumab ,retina ,Triamcinolone acetonide ,serous retinal detachment ,genetic structures ,Clinical Research Reports ,Biochemistry ,0302 clinical medicine ,Diabetic macular edema ,Edema ,posterior sub-tenon triamcinolone ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,biology ,General Medicine ,Diabetic retinopathy ,Middle Aged ,Treatment Outcome ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Tomography, Optical Coherence ,medicine.drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Macular Edema ,Serous Retinal Detachment ,03 medical and health sciences ,R5-920 ,PstI ,Optical coherence tomography ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Humans ,Retina ,Diabetic Retinopathy ,optical coherence tomography ,business.industry ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Retinal Detachment ,Cell Biology ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,medicine.disease ,eye diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,biology.protein ,bacteria ,sense organs ,business ,edema - Abstract
Objective To evaluate the short-term efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) and posterior sub-tenon triamcinolone injections (PSTI) on the basis of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) patterns in diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods We retrospectively reviewed 73 eyes of 73 patients with DME. Based on the presence of serous retinal detachment (SRD), eyes were categorized into two groups, and either IVB or PSTI treatment was performed. Central macular thickness (CMT) and the degree of SRD were assessed preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively. The severity of intraretinal edema was approximated based on the distance from the external limiting membrane to the internal limiting membrane. Results In eyes with SRD, reduction of SRD was greater with IVB than with PSTI. Moreover, reduction of intraretinal edema was greater with PSTI than with IVB. In eyes without SRD, PSTI achieved greater CMT reduction, compared with IVB. Conclusions In DME patients with SRD, IVB achieved greater reduction of SRD, compared with PSTI; however, intraretinal edema responded more favorably to PSTI, regardless of the presence of SRD. Our results suggest that the classification of DME based on OCT findings may be useful to predict responses to IVB or PSTI treatments.
- Published
- 2018
28. Development and effectiveness of parent skills training intervention for Indian families having children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- Author
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Ruchita Shah, Sandeep Grover, Akhilesh Sharma, Subho Chakrabarti, Ajit Avasthi, and Diksha Sachdeva
- Subjects
Parents ,Problem Behavior ,biology ,business.industry ,Psychological intervention ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Rm anova ,Intervention studies ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Skills training ,Cognition ,PstI ,Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ,Intervention (counseling) ,Videoconferencing ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Humans ,Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ,business ,Routine care ,General Psychology ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Parent skills training interventions (PSTIs) are considered first-line treatment for ADHD. We describe development and effectiveness of a culturally-contextualised PSTI for Indian families.Forty-one families divided into 5 groups, each group with 6-10 families received group PSTI comprising of 10 weekly sessions using multi-point videoconferencing as an adjunct to routine care in the non-randomized pre-post intervention study.Thirty-six families attended more than 3 sessions. RM ANOVA revealed significant improvements in parent-rated measures of inattention (p0.001), hyperactivity/ impulsivity (p = 0.007), conduct problems (p = 0.002), academic performance (p = 0.001) and classroom behavior (p = 0.001). Mixed ANOVA analysis did not reveal significant differences between those who received PSTI with medication and those who received PSTI on any VADPRS domains except depression/ anxiety scores, wherein former group performed better (p = 0.008). More than 60 % parents perceived that PSTI was helpful in increasing awareness, reducing guilt/ blame, improving parent-child relation and decreasing stress. Difficulty in sustaining with the strategies was reported by 50 % of parents.Findings suggest that PSTI is effective and helpful for Indian families dealing with ADHD.
- Published
- 2021
29. Phylogenetic distribution of protease inhibitors of the Kazal-family within the Arthropoda.
- Author
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van Hoef, Vincent, Breugelmans, Bert, Spit, Jornt, Simonet, Gert, Zels, Sven, and Vanden Broeck, Jozef
- Subjects
- *
PROTEASE inhibitors , *ARTHROPODA , *MAMMAL phylogeny , *PANCREAS , *TRYPSIN inhibitors , *DIGESTIVE enzymes - Abstract
Abstract: In mammalian pancreatic cells, the pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) belonging to the Kazal-family prevents the premature activation of digestive enzymes and thus plays an important role in a protective mechanism against tissue destruction by autophagy. Although a similar protective mechanism exists in Arthropoda, the distribution of these inhibitors in this phylum remains obscure. A comprehensive in silico search of nucleotide databases, revealed the presence of members of the Kazal-family in the four major subphyla of the Arthropoda. Especially in the Hexapoda and the Crustacea these inhibitors are widespread, while in the Chelicerata and Myriapoda only a few Kazal-like protease inhibitors were found. A sequence alignment of inhibitors retrieved in the digestive system of insects revealed a conservation of the PSTI characteristics and strong resemblance to vertebrate PSTI. A phylogenetic analysis of these inhibitors showed that they generally cluster according to their order. The results of this data mining study provide new evidence for the existence of an ancient protective mechanism in metazoan digestive systems. Kazal-like inhibitors, which play an important protective role in the pancreas of vertebrates, also seem to be present in Arthropoda. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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30. Epigenetic regulation of gene expression in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli: Transcriptomic data
- Author
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Michelle Qiu Carter, Patrick S. G. Chain, and Bin Hu
- Subjects
Science (General) ,RNA-Seq transcriptomics ,Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,Mutant ,R858-859.7 ,medicine.disease_cause ,Epigenetic regulation ,Q1-390 ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,PstI ,medicine ,Restriction and modification (R-M) systems ,Gene ,Escherichia coli ,Prophage ,Data Article ,030304 developmental biology ,DNA adenine methylase (Dam) ,Genetics ,0303 health sciences ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Strain (chemistry) ,Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) ,Shiga toxin ,Ribosomal RNA ,biology.protein ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strain RM13514 is a clinical isolate linked to the 2010 romaine lettuce-associated outbreak in the U.S. The genes encoding a type II restriction and modification system, PstI R-M, are located in a prophage genome that is also encoding Shiga toxin. In-frame deletion of the PstI R-M genes or dam, encoding a DNA adenine methylase, in strain RM13514 were generated, resulting in two mutant strains MQC599 and MQC602, respectively. The mutant strain MQC599 exhibited a similar growth rate as the wild-type (WT) strain RM13514 when grown in Luria-Bertani (LB) broth at 37 °C. In contrast, the growth of mutant strain MQC602 was significantly slower than either RM13514 or MQC599. Genes transcriptionally regulated by the PstI R-M system or by Dam were examined by the RNA-Seq based comparative transcriptomics. The total RNA was extracted from cells of each strain grown in LB broth at exponential and stationary phases. Three biological replicates were collected for each strain. After removal of ribosomal RNA, the mRNAs were converted to cDNAs followed by Illumina sequence library construction. For strains RM13514 and MQC599, six libraires were generated for each, three from the cells in the exponential growth phase and three from the cells in the stationary phase. For strain MQC602, three additional libraries were constructed from the cells in the early exponential growth phase. The resulting 21 libraries were combined in equal amounts and sequenced on an Illumina HighSeq 2000 instrument with the Paired End 100 bp (PE100) read format, generating a total of 45.83 Gbp sequence reads. This set of sequence data is available in the NCBI SRA database under the BioProject accession number PRJNA684587 . This set of transcriptomic data provides information on methylation-mediated epigenetic regulation in STEC, an important foodborne pathogen that is frequently associated with large epidemic outbreaks and can cause life-threatening disease in humans [1] . This set of data will be useful for researchers who are interested in physiology and pathogenicity of foodborne pathogens or in the fundamental mechanisms of epigenetic regulation in bacteria.
- Published
- 2021
31. Ankara Tavukçuluk Araştırma Enstitüsü’nde Yetiştirilen Yumurtacı Saf Tavuk Hatlarında Yumurta Verimi ile İlişkili IGF-I ve NPY Aday Genlerindeki Polimorfizmlerin Belirlenmesi
- Author
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Mehmet Aslan, Eymen Demir, Emine Şahin, Kemal Karabağ, Hüseyin Göktuğ Fidan, Sedat Aktan, Taki Karsli, Murat Soner Balcıoğlu, and Serdar Kamanli
- Subjects
Untranslated region ,Genetics ,Candidate gene ,biology ,Aday genler ,Saf tavuk hatları ,lcsh:S ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,General Medicine ,NPY ,lcsh:S1-972 ,humanities ,IGF-I ,White (mutation) ,lcsh:Agriculture ,Restriction enzyme ,PCR-RFLP ,PstI ,biology.protein ,Allele ,lcsh:Agriculture (General) ,Gene - Abstract
İnsülin benzeri büyüme faktörü-I (IGF-I) ve nöropeptid Y (NPY) tavuklarda üreme özellikleri ile ilişkili aday genlerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Ankara Tavukçuluk Araştırma Enstitüsü‘nde yetiştirilen yumurtacı saf hatlarda IGF-I ve NPY genlerindeki polimorfizmlerin PCR-RFLP yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla IGF-I (5' untranslated region) ve NPY genleri için sırasıyla 621 ve 248 bç büyüklüğündeki bantlar çoğaltılmıştır. PCR ürünleri IGF-I ve NPY genleri üzerindeki tek nükleotid polimorfizmlerini (SNP) belirlemek için sırasıyla PstI ve DraI restriksiyon enzimleri ile kesildi. IGF-I geni için Brown ve D-229 dışındaki tüm hatlar polimorfik bulunmuştur. Kahverengi yumurtacı saf hatlarda IGF-I geni için A allelinin frekansı 0,344 (COL) ile 0,906 (RIRII) aralığında değişirken, beyaz yumurtacı saf hatlarda 0,781 (Maroon) ile 1,000 (D-229, Brown) aralığında bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada NPY geni için tüm kahverengi yumurtacı saf hatlar polimorfik iken, beyaz yumurtacı tavuk hatlarında sadece Maroon hattı monomorfik bulunmuştur. NPY geni için T allelinin frekansı kahverengi yumurtacılarda 0,200 (BARI) ile 0,985 (COL), beyaz yumurtacılarda ise 0,397 (D-229) ile 1,000 (Maroon) aralığında değişmiştir. Uygulanan ki-kare testine (χ2) göre polimorfik populasyonlarda Hardy-Weinberg dengesinden sapma gözlenmemiştir. Sonuç olarak Ankara Tavukçuluk Araştırma Enstitüsü‘nde yetiştirilen yumurtacı saf hatlarda IGF-I ve NPY genlerindeki polimorfizmler ilk kez gösterilmiştir.
- Published
- 2017
32. Meta-analysis of the impact of SPINK1 p.N34S gene variation in Caucasic patients with chronic pancreatitis. An update
- Author
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Pier Alberto Testoni, Alessandro Mannucci, Milena Di Leo, Margherita Bianco, Raffaella Alessia Zuppardo, G. Leandro, F Calabrese, Tauro Maria Neri, Giulia Martina Cavestro, Mario Guslandi, Di Leo, Milena, Bianco, Margherita, Zuppardo, Raffaella Alessia, Guslandi, Mario, Calabrese, Federica, Mannucci, Alessandro, Neri, Tauro Maria, Testoni, PIER ALBERTO, Leandro, Gioacchino, and Cavestro, GIULIA MARTINA
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Pancreatitis, Alcoholic ,Population ,Genetic pancreatiti ,Gastroenterology ,03 medical and health sciences ,TATI ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pancreatitis, Chronic ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Caucasian population ,education ,Gene ,education.field_of_study ,Hepatology ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,medicine.disease ,Variation (linguistics) ,Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic ,Case-Control Studies ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Meta-analysis ,PSTI ,Etiology ,Pancreatitis ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Alcohol ,business - Abstract
Background SPINK1 p.N34S gene variation is one of the endogenous factors which seem to be associated with chronic pancreatitis (CP). However, in literature there is no clear agreement regarding its contribution in different ethnicity and CP etiologies. Aim To investigate the role of SPINK1 p.N34S gene variation in CP patients with European origin by means of meta-analysis. Methods Literature search was conducted and case–control studies evaluating Caucasian population, published between May 2007 and May 2015, were included. We also included Caucasian selected studies analyzed in previous meta-analysis. We carried out meta-analysis including all selected studies. After that, we performed two additional meta-analyses considering the incidence of SPINK1 p.N34S gene variation in alcoholic or in idiopathic CP patients vs control group. Results Twenty-five studies were included and the total number of subjects was 8800 (2981 cases and 5819 controls). The presence of p.N34S variation increased nine times the overall CP risk in population of European origin [OR 9.695 (CI 95% 7.931–11.851)]. Also, the contribution of SPINK1 in idiopathic pancreatitis [OR 13.640 (CI 95% 8.858–21.002)] was found to be higher than in alcoholic CP [5.283 (CI 95% 3.449–8.092)]. Conclusion The association between SPINK1 p.N34S gene variation and CP is confirmed. Also, we confirmed that the idiopathic etiology needs a better definition by means of genetic analysis.
- Published
- 2017
33. The role of trypsin, trypsin inhibitor, and trypsin receptor in the onset and aggravation of pancreatitis.
- Author
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Hirota, Masahiko, Ohmuraya, Masaki, and Baba, Hideo
- Subjects
- *
TRYPSIN , *TRYPSIN inhibitors , *PANCREATITIS , *PANCREATIC acinar cells , *TRYPSINOGEN , *PANCREATIC secretions - Abstract
Trypsin activity is properly suppressed in the pancreatic acinar cells under normal conditions. A small amount of trypsinogen is converted to active trypsin and inactivated by pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI), thereby preventing damage to pancreatic acinar cells as a first line of defense. However, if trypsin activation (due to excessive stimulation of pancreatic acinar cells) exceeds the capacity of PSTI, a subsequent cascade of events leads to the activation of various proteases that damage cells. This can be interpreted as the main causative event of pancreatitis onset. Trypsin produced in and secreted from the pancreatic acinar cells activates protease activated receptor-2 (PAR-2), which is present at high densities on the luminal surfaces of pancreatic acinar cells and duct cells. Results of PAR-2 activation are the production of cytokines and the regulation of exocrine function via a negative feedback loop. Thus, the actions of trypsin, trypsin inhibitor (PSTI), and trypsin receptor (PAR-2) in the pancreas are strongly interconnected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
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34. The inherited genetics of pancreatic cancer and prospects for secondary screening.
- Author
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Vitone, Louis J., Greenhalf, William, McFaul, Christopher D., Ghaneh, Paula, and Neoptolemos, John P.
- Subjects
PANCREATIC cancer ,GENES ,GENETIC mutation ,GENETICS ,MEDICAL screening - Abstract
It is estimated that pancreatic cancer has a familial component in approximately 5–10% of cases. Some of these cases are part of a defined cancer syndrome with a known gene mutation but in the remaining the causative gene remains unknown. In recent years, a better understanding of the molecular events that occur in the progression model of pancreatic cancer has lead to the development of secondary screening programmes with the aim of identifying early precursor lesions or pre-invasive cancer at a stage amenable to curative resection. High-risk groups who have an inherited predisposition for pancreatic cancer form the ideal group to study in developing a robust screening programme. Multimodality screening using computed tomography and endoluminal ultrasound in combination with molecular analysis of pancreatic juice are proving promising as diagnostics tools or at least serving as predictors of risk over a defined period. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Combined intravitreal bevacizumab and posterior sub-Tenon’s triamcinolone acetonide injections for persistent diabetic macular edema
- Author
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Mona M Aly and Abd Elmagid M Tag Eldin
- Subjects
Intraocular pressure ,medicine.medical_specialty ,intravitreal bevacizumab ,Visual acuity ,Triamcinolone acetonide ,genetic structures ,Combined use ,Diabetic macular edema ,triamcinolone acetonide ,PstI ,Ophthalmology ,medicine ,Intravitreal bevacizumab ,optical coherence tomography ,biology ,business.industry ,RE1-994 ,eye diseases ,Hard exudates ,biology.protein ,sub-tenon’s injection ,sense organs ,medicine.symptom ,business ,diabetic macular edema ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of posterior sub-Tenon’s triamcinolone acetonide injection (PSTI) in conjunction with intravitreal bevacizumab for the treatment of persistent diabetic macular edema (DME). Patients and methods In a prospective, nonrandomized, interventional study, 30 eyes of phakic diabetic patients were diagnosed with persistent DME after being treated with at least two intravitreal bevacizumab injections. Eyes with a residual central macular thickness more than 300 µm were administered PSTI of 40 mg triamcinolone acetonide in conjunction with intravitreal bevacizumab. Best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and foveal thickness were measured. Results Significant improvements in the mean central macular thickness measurements were observed at the 1-month and 3-month follow-up visits. Best-corrected visual acuity improvement in eyes with extrafoveal hard exudates (83.3%) was significant at the follow-up intervals of 1 and 3 months, although it was insignificant in eyes with subfoveal hard exudates (16.7%). Conclusion The combined use of intravitreal bevacizumab and PSTI of triamcinolone acetonide was effective in treating persistent DME.
- Published
- 2017
36. Genotypic variation and presence of rare genotypes among Douglas-fir tussock moth multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (OpMNPV) isolates in British Columbia
- Author
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Williams, Holly L. and Otvos, Imre S.
- Subjects
- *
GENETIC polymorphisms , *DOUGLAS fir , *BIOPESTICIDES , *GENETIC research - Abstract
Abstract: The Douglas-fir tussock moth (Orgyia pseudotsugata) multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (OpMNPV) is periodically applied to suppress Douglas-fir tussock moth populations in British Columbia and in the western United States. The strain of OpMNPV in the product currently used for suppression is not genetically distinct from naturally occurring OpMNPV. To separate the mortality caused by the applied virus from that caused by the naturally occurring virus, a rare and genetically distinct strain of OpMNPV must be applied. To learn more about the genotypic diversity of OpMNPV populations in BC and to identify rare strains in this region, viral DNA was extracted from larvae reared from 208 field-collected egg masses found in five geographic regions of British Columbia and subjected to REN analysis. Nine, 12, and 9 different genotypes were detected using PstI, SalI, and HindIII, respectively. When the PstI, SalI, and HindIII profiles for each pure (single strain) isolate were grouped and considered as a combined PstI–SalI–HindIII genotype, 23 different genotypes were identified among 185 isolates. Nine rare OpMNPV genotypes were selected as ideal candidates for use as a potential ‘marker strain’ to accurately determine the efficacy of the treatment. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2005
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37. Mutations N34S and P55S of the SPINK1 gene in patients with chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer and in healthy subjects: A report from Finland.
- Author
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Lempinen, Marko, Paju, Annukka, Kemppainen, Esko, Smura, Teemu, Kylänpää, Marja-Leena, Nevanlinna, Heli, Stenman, Jakob, and Stenman, Ulf-Håkan
- Subjects
- *
GENETIC mutation , *SERINE proteinase inhibitors , *PANCREATITIS , *DISEASE risk factors , *PANCREATIC cancer , *ETIOLOGY of diseases , *GENETICS - Abstract
Objective Mutations in the Kazal type 1 serine protease inhibitor (SPINK1) gene have recently been associated with chronic pancreatitis (CP), an established risk factor for pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of the SPINK1 gene mutations (N34S and P55S) in patients with CP, or pancreatic cancer, and in healthy subjects in Finland. Material and methods The N34S and P55S mutations were determined by PCR amplification followed by solid-phase minisequencing in 116 patients with CP and in 188 with pancreatic cancer. In patients with CP, alcohol was the aetiological factor in 87 (75%), pancreas divisum in 4 (3%), gallstones in 5 (5%) and 20 patients (17%) had an idiopathic disease; 459 healthy individuals were enrolled as controls. Results The frequency of the N34S mutation was significantly higher in patients with CP (14/116, 12%) than in controls (12/459, 2.6%) ( p <0.0001). There was no difference in the frequency of the P55S mutation between patients with CP (1/116, 0.9%) and controls (6/459, 1.3%). The N34S mutation was present in 9 (10%) out of 87 patients with alcoholic CP, and in 5 (25%) patients with idiopathic CP. No SPINK1 mutations were found in patients with CP caused by anatomical variations or gallstones. Among the 188 patients with a pancreatic malignant tumour, the N34S mutation was present in 7 cases (3.7%). The frequency of the N34S mutation in healthy controls in this study was significantly higher than earlier reported in other countries ( p =0.03). Conclusions The SPINK1 N34S mutation was significantly associated with an increased risk of CP. The association of the N34S mutation with alcoholic CP was marginally stronger than in earlier studies, whereas in the Finnish population in general, this mutation was significantly more frequent than reported elsewhere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
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38. A search for virulence genes of Haemophilus parasuis using differential display RT-PCR
- Author
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Hill, C.E., Metcalf, D.S., and MacInnes, J.I.
- Subjects
- *
HAEMOPHILUS diseases , *PATHOGENIC microorganisms , *MICROBIAL virulence , *REVERSE transcriptase , *POLYMERASE chain reaction - Abstract
Although Haemophilus parasuis is an important bacterial pathogen of swine, little is known about its pathogenesis or why some strains seem to be more virulent than others. Therefore, we used differential display reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (DDRT-PCR) to search for virulence-associated genes in a pathogenic serotype 5 strain, H. parasuis 1185. Gene expression was evaluated following growth in conditions chosen to begin to approximate those found in the upper respiratory tract and those encountered by the organism during acute infection. Seven different differentially expressed gene fragments were identified in cells grown at 40 °C in both the presence and absence of swine serum. Based on the deduced amino acid sequences, the most strongly up-regulated genes were homologs of fadD (a fatty acyl-CoA synthetase), apaH (diadenosine tetraphosphatase), pstI (enzyme I of the phosphoenolpyruvate-protein phosphotransferase system), and cysK (cysteine synthetase). Homologs of Std (Na+- and Cl−-dependent ion transporter), HSPG (a mammalian basement membrane-specific heparin sulphate core protein precursor) and PntB (pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase) were also up-regulated, but to a much lower extent. Sequences homologous to all of the differentially expressed genes were detected in the reference strains of all 15 H. parasuis serotypes. This is the first report of a global search for virulence factors of H. parasuis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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39. Significance of trypsin inhibitor gene mutation in the predisposition to pancreatitis
- Author
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Hirota, Masahiko, Kuwata, Kinuko, Ohmuraya, Masaki, and Ogawa, Michio
- Subjects
- *
PANCREATITIS , *TRYPSIN , *GENETIC mutation - Abstract
Pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) is a potent natural inhibitor of trypsin. We proposed a hypothesis: if the function of PSTI is impaired by its genetic mutation, trypsin may easily promote autodigestion causing pancreatitis, and performed mutational analysis of PSTI gene in patients with pancreatitis. Two exonic mutations (N34S and R67C) were suggested to be associated with the predisposition to pancreatitis. N34S mutation was co-segregated with two intronic mutations, IVS1-37T>C and IVS3-69insTTTT. Although we analyzed the function of recombinant N34S protein, we could not demonstrate the loss of function of this protein. Intronic mutations rather than N34S itself (IVS1-37T>C+N34S+IVS3-69insTTTT complex) may be associated with the decreased function of PSTI. Alternatively, increased digestion of N34S in vivo may be applicable. As for R67C, the conformational alteration of the protein by forming intramolecular or intermolecular disulfide bonds with 67Cys was strongly suggested. These results, along with the brand new findings in PSTI knockout mice, suggest that genetic mutation of PSTI is one of the important mechanisms for predisposition to pancreatitis by lowering the trypsin inhibitory function. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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40. Relational Maintenance Strategies During the Post Sex Time Interval
- Author
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Amanda Denes, Anuraj Dhillon, and Annika C. Speer
- Subjects
biology ,Communication ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,050801 communication & media studies ,050109 social psychology ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Orgasm ,Developmental psychology ,Interval (music) ,0508 media and communications ,PstI ,biology.protein ,bacteria ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Association (psychology) ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,media_common - Abstract
The present study contributes to a growing line of research exploring the role of post sex communication in building and sustaining romantic relationships. More specifically, this study explores the use of relational maintenance strategies during the post sex time interval (PSTI). One-hundred and fifty-two individuals completed surveys after sexual activity and indicated the relational maintenance strategies they enacted during the PSTI. Results revealed that individuals enact the strategies of positivity and assurances to the greatest degree during the PSTI. Furthermore, extending the post sex disclosures model, results revealed that orgasm predicted differences in the use of assurances during the PSTI and that the strategy of assurances mediated the association between orgasm and several relationship outcomes (i.e., liking, commitment, control mutuality, and satisfaction). These findings suggest that individuals may use the PSTI as a time to reinforce their commitments to their partners, and that such b...
- Published
- 2016
41. Study of cyp2E1 gene RsaI/PstI polymorphisms in patients with gastric cancer in north of Iran
- Author
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Mohamad Shokrzadeh, Ali Barzegar, Novin Nikbakhsh, and Samaneh Kamalipour
- Subjects
lcsh:R5-920 ,medicine.medical_specialty ,biology ,business.industry ,Cancer ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Northern Iran ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Gastroenterology ,cyp2E1 gene ,Gastric Cancer ,03 medical and health sciences ,CYP2E1 Gene ,0302 clinical medicine ,PstI ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,biology.protein ,PstI/RsaI polymorphism ,In patient ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,business - Abstract
Background: North of Iran is amongst high incidence rate areas of gastric carcinoma where environmental carcinogenic compounds especially agricultural pesticides are massively used. Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) enzyme metabolically activates a large number of low molecular mass xenobiotics. The polymorphic nature of cyp2E1 gene control elements is associated with interindividual differences for toxicity of its substrates and may be responsible for increased gastric cancer susceptibility. The current study investigated the allelic frequencies of cyp2E1 gene RsaI/PstI polymorphisms and its association with gastric cancer risk in north of Iran. Materials and Methods: This case-control study comprised of 120 gastric cancer patients and a group of 135 healthy individuals as control. Genotyping of cyp2E1 gene PstI/RsaI polymorphisms were carried out by PCR-RFLP method. Statistical analyzes were performed by Logistic regression model and P
- Published
- 2016
42. Association of genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1, NAT2, GST and SLCO1B1 with the risk of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Author
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Seungwon Yang, Eun Kyoung Chung, Jangik I. Lee, Jung Yun Park, and Se Jung Hwang
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Tuberculosis ,Genotype ,Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase ,Antitubercular Agents ,lcsh:Medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,PstI ,genetic polymorphisms ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Respiratory Medicine ,drug-metabolizing enzyme ,Glutathione Transferase ,Liver injury ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,biology ,Liver-Specific Organic Anion Transporter 1 ,business.industry ,Research ,lcsh:R ,anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury ,Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ,General Medicine ,CYP2E1 ,medicine.disease ,drug transporter ,meta-analysis ,tuberculosis ,Meta-analysis ,biology.protein ,Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ,business ,SLCO1B1 ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cohort study - Abstract
ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (SLCO1B1) and the risk of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATDILI).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Reviews databases were searched through April 2019.Eligibility criteriaWe included case-control or cohort studies investigating an association between NAT2, CYP2E1, GST or SLCO1B1 polymorphisms and the ATDILI risk in patients with tuberculosis.Data extraction and synthesisThree authors screened articles, extracted data and assessed study quality. The strength of association was evaluated for each gene using the pooled OR with a 95% CI based on the fixed-effects or random-effects model. Sensitivity analysis was performed to confirm the reliability and robustness of the results.ResultsFifty-four studies were included in this analysis (n=26 for CYP2E1, n=35 for NAT2, n=19 for GST, n=4 for SLCO1B1). The risk of ATDILI was significantly increased with the following genotypes: CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI c1/c1 (OR=1.39, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.83), NAT2 slow acetylator (OR=3.30, 95% CI 2.65 to 4.11) and GSTM1 null (OR=1.30, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.52). No significant association with ATDILI was found for the genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1 DraI, GSTT1, GSTM1/GSTT1, SLCO1B1 388A>G and SLCO1B1 521T>C (p>0.05).ConclusionsATDILI is more likely to occur in patients with NAT2 slow acetylator genotype, CYP2E1 RsaI/PstI c1/c1 genotype and GSTM1 null genotype. Close monitoring may be warranted for patients with these genotypes.
- Published
- 2019
43. Varicella zoster virus genotyping in chickenpox patient's clinical isolates from Iran
- Author
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Fahimeh Safarnezhad Tameshkel, Seyed Hamidreza Monavari, Maryam Esghaei, Mohammad Hadi Karbalaie Niya, Ahmad Tavakoli, Hossein Keyvani, and Farah Bokharaei Salim
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Chickenpox ,integumentary system ,Direct sequencing ,viruses ,Nucleotide sequencing ,Varicella zoster virus ,virus diseases ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virology ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,PstI ,Genotype ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Restriction fragment length polymorphism ,Genotyping - Abstract
Aim: The varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and zoster infections. This study aimed to investigate the distribution of VZV genotypes among Iranian patients. Materials & methods: From 2010 to 2015, 244 patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, 45 of whom were positive for VZV DNA. Both direct sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism assay were performed for 19 positive specimens. SPSS v.20 was used for statistics. Results: The predominant VZV genotype was M1 (84.2%) followed by genotype E (10.5%) and genotype J (5.3%). Restriction fragment length polymorphism demonstrated that 17 strains were PstI+ BglI+ (M1 and/or J genotypes) and 2 were PstI+ BglI- (E genotype). Conclusion: This research is a prelim study on VZV genotyping. Further investigations will help to confirm the VZV genotype prevalence reported here.
- Published
- 2016
44. Emerging Roles of SPINK1 in Cancer
- Author
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Ulf-Håkan Stenman, Hannu Koistinen, Kati Räsänen, and Outi Itkonen
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Trypsin inhibitor ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Breast Neoplasms ,Inhibitor of apoptosis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,PstI ,Neoplasms ,Internal medicine ,Pancreatic cancer ,medicine ,Humans ,Pancreatic Secretory Trypsin Inhibitor ,Tumor marker ,Ovarian Neoplasms ,biology ,Biochemistry (medical) ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Protease inhibitor (biology) ,3. Good health ,Pancreatic Neoplasms ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Trypsin Inhibitor, Kazal Pancreatic ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Female ,Carrier Proteins ,medicine.drug - Abstract
BACKGROUNDTumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) was originally isolated from the urine of a patient with ovarian cancer. It was later shown to be produced by many other tumors and several normal tissues. It had earlier been isolated from the pancreas and was hence called pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI). It belongs to a family of protease inhibitors presently called serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type (SPINK). In the SPINK family TATI/PSTI is SPINK1, which is the name used in this review.CONTENTIn addition to being a protease inhibitor, SPINK1 also acts as an acute-phase reactant and a growth factor. Furthermore, it has been shown to modulate apoptosis. Overexpression of SPINK1 predicts an unfavorable outcome in several cancers and determination of SPINK1 in serum can be used to identify patients at increased risk of aggressive disease. Thus serum SPINK1 can be used as a prognostic tumor marker. Because SPINK1 acts as a growth factor and an inhibitor of apoptosis in some cancers, it has also been suggested that it can be a therapeutic target in cancer. However, because SPINK1 is the major physiological inhibitor of trypsin, inhibition of SPINK1 may increase the risk of pancreatitis.SUMMARYTaking into account the many functions of SPINK1, assessing the role of SPINK1 in cancer has several potentially important clinical applications ranging from a biomarker to a potential new target for cancer therapy.
- Published
- 2016
45. Appearance mechanism and molecular heterogeneity of serum pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI).
- Author
-
Nakano, Itsuro, Funakoshi, Akihiro, Sumii, Toshihiko, Miyazaki, Kazunori, Oogami, Yoshimitsu, Kimura, Toshinari, and Ibayashi, Hiroshi
- Abstract
Serum immunoreactive pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) was measured by RIA. Serum PSTI levels were elevated in case of acute pancreatitis (15 of 15 cases: 317.7 ± 155.6 ng/ml: Mean ± SE) or pancreatic carcinoma (16 of 25 cases: 71.8 ± 17.1 ng/ml), and in those with chronic renal failure (6 of 6 cases: 412.8 ± 98.2 ng/ml). The molecular heterogeneity of elevated serum PSTI in such diseases was studied using chromatofocussing column chromatography. The results showed that serum PSTI was free from trypsin(-ogen) and was composed of at least three molecular forms of different isoelectric points. Two major forms were eluted around pH 8.2 (peak I) and 7.5 (peak II), with one minor form around pH 6.9 (peak III) from the column. The relative ratio of three forms differed with the disease state. Peak I was high in patients with pancreatic carcinoma, and peak II was high in patients with acute pancreatitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1985
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46. The measurement of serum immunoreactive pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor in gastrointestinal cancer and pancreatic disease.
- Author
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Satake, Katsusuke, Inui, Akimasa, Sogabe, Toyoshi, Yoshii, Yukiko, Nakata, Bunzo, Tanaka, Hagime, Chung, Yong-Suk, Hiura, Akihito, and Umeyama, Kaoru
- Abstract
The clinical usefulness of serum pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) in pancreatic disease and gastric and colorectal cancer has been examined. The results showed that serum PSTI in acute pancreatitis was significantly higher than in normal subjects and it was also raised in acute exacerbations of chronic pancreatitis. Although the sensitivities of serum PSTI, amylase and elastase I were similar, serum PSTI in necrotizing hemorrhagic pancreatitis was 2.7 times higher than in mild acute pancreatitis. Only a few patients with chronic pancreatitis showed increased concentrations and the mean value was near normal. The mean PSTI in patients with pancreatic and colorectal cancer was higher than normal, although that of gastric cancer was within normal limits. The sensitivity of serum PSTI measurements in patrents with these three malignant diseases was only about 30%. The results suggested that the measurement of serum PSTI could be useful in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, but of limited value in the diagnosis of other disease which we examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1988
- Full Text
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47. Genetic Identification of POU1F1|PstI gene of Lakor Goat from Lakor Island, Southwest Maluku Regency
- Author
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Rony Marsyal Kunda, Slamet Diah Volkandari, Maman Rumanta, and Pieter Kakisina
- Subjects
Genetics ,PstI ,biology ,biology.protein ,Identification (biology) ,Gene - Abstract
Lakor goat is a domestic animal from Lakor island in South West Maluku Regency. They successfully survive and reproduce with limited water, grass and high temperature. Growth traits is an economic trait which important for breeding strategy (productivity improvement). Pituitary Specific Transcription Factor 1 (POU1F1) is otherwise known as PIT1 gene plays a role of growth and carcass traits. The objective of this study was to identify the POU1F1 gene in Lakor goat from Lakor island in Southwest Maluku Regency. Sixty-three samples of hair tail were collected from three different locations: Ketti Letpey (18), Werwawan Jamluli (26) and Letoda (19). DNA was extracted by DNA isolation kit. POU1FI gene was amplified using PCR technique while genotyping used PCR-RFLP with PstI restriction enzyme. Result showed that only one genotype (TT) was found and monomorphic. It may be caused remote area and limited of ram that indicated inbreeding has occurred. Inbreeding rate or coefficient study and introgression of ram from out of Lakor island by Artificial Insemination (AI) or natural mating is needed.
- Published
- 2019
48. Molecular Typing of Brucella Species Isolated from Humans and Animals Using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Technique
- Author
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Reza Mirnejad, Mohammad Reza Arabestani, Seyed Hamid Hashemi, Fariba Keramat, Mohammad Yousef Alikhani, Nasrin Bahmani, and Faramarz Masjedianjazi
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Genetics ,biology ,030106 microbiology ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Brucella ,Toxicology ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,DNA sequencing ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Restriction enzyme ,Infectious Diseases ,PstI ,law ,biology.protein ,Restriction fragment length polymorphism ,Gene ,Polymerase chain reaction ,Polymerase - Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that causes major economic and public health problems. It is one of the most important diseases in humans and domestic animals. Hence, the exact identification of Brucella spp. is important for strategies of treatment and control. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) is one of the molecular techniques characterized by amplification of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence and restriction enzyme digestion. Objectives: This study aimed at identifying genetic polymorphisms of omp2a genes among 90 Brucella isolated from humans and animals, using the PCR-RFLP method. Methods: Ninety Brucella spp. isolated from humans and animals in two different regions of Iran were used in this study. Biochemical tests and the Brucella omp2a (1100 bp) gene-PCR was used for identification of Brucella isolates. Polymerase Chain Reaction products were digested by restriction endonuclease enzyme pstI and gene sequencing analysis was carried out for molecular typing of Brucella strains. Therefore, genetic relatedness was revealed by a dendrogram. Results: Analysis of the 90 Brucella strains by biochemical tests, PCR, and PCR-RFLP methods with PstI enzyme and omp2a sequencing showed four unique RFLP Profiles (P1-P4). Seventy-nine (87.8%) of the Brucella isolates belonged to B. melitensis strain 20236. From 30 animal isolates, nine (30%) belonged to B. melitensis biovare1 and two (6.6%) to B. abortus strain. According to the RFLP dendrogram, group 1 and 2 had higher genetic relatedness similarity. Conclusions: The results showed B. melitensis strain 20236 was the predominant strain among human and animal Brucella isolates. Likewise, according to dendrogram results, the PCR-RFLP technique was not able to separate human and animal species of B. melitensis from B. abortus.
- Published
- 2018
49. CYP2E1 PstI polymorphism increases cervical neoplasia risk: a meta-analysis
- Author
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Wang X and He Y
- Subjects
China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genotype ,Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ,Gastroenterology ,PstI ,Asian People ,Risk Factors ,Neoplasms ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,Humans ,Medicine ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Molecular Biology ,biology ,business.industry ,Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,Knowledge infrastructure ,CYP2E1 ,Confidence interval ,Meta-analysis ,biology.protein ,Female ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1) is a key enzyme in the metabolic activation of many carcinogens, but the roles of CYP2E1 polymorphisms in cervical neoplasia (CN) are inconclusive. Published case-control cohort studies from the Pubmed, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were retrieved. Data were extracted and pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Seven studies examining 1097 cases and 1117 controls were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled effect size showed no association between CYP2E1 RsaI and DraI polymorphisms and CN risk in a codominant model. However, using a recessive model, an association between the PstI polymorphism and CN risk was observed (odds ratio: 2.10, 95% confidence interval: 0.96-4.62, P = 0.06), indicating that individuals with the homozygous rare genotype have a higher risk of developing CN compared to those with homozygous wild-type and heterozygous genotypes. When stratified by ethnicity, the PstI polymorphism was significantly correlated with CN susceptibility in non-Asians (odds ratio: 3.74, 95% confidence interval: 1.13-12.43, P = 0.03). This meta-analysis suggests that the CYP2E1 PstI polymorphism increases the risk of CN in non-Asians.
- Published
- 2015
50. A case-control study of CYP2E1 (PstI) and CYP1A1 (MspI) polymorphisms in colorectal cancer
- Author
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G. S. Cunrath, Ana Elizabete Silva, R. B. Lelis, Anelise Russo, Eny Maria Goloni-Bertollo, Glaucia Maria de Mendonça Fernandes, Marcela Alcântara Proença, Érika Cristina Pavarino, and João Gomes Netinho
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genotype ,Colorectal cancer ,Disease ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Gastroenterology ,PstI ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ,Genetics ,Humans ,Medicine ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Allele ,Molecular Biology ,Alleles ,Genetic Association Studies ,Aged ,biology ,business.industry ,Case-control study ,Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Case-Control Studies ,biology.protein ,Female ,business ,Brazil ,Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length - Abstract
Polymorphisms in genes encoding P450 cytochrome enzymes may increase the risk of sporadic colorectal cancer (SCRC). Here we investigated the association between SCRC and CYP2E1 (PstI) and CYP1A1 (MspI) polymorphisms in a case-control study. Moreover, we sought to determine any possible associations between this disease and the sociodemographic factors. We included 273 individuals (74 patients and 199 controls); the gender, age, tobacco usage, and alcohol consumption of the included subjects, and the clinico-histopathological parameters of the tumors, were analyzed. Molecular analyses were performed using PCR-RFLP. The effect of polymorphisms on SCRC development, and the association between this disease and sociodemographic factors were determined by multiple-logistic regression analyses. The combined genotype was also evaluated. Statistically significant differences between the patients and controls regarding the male gender (odds ratio, OR = 0.19, 95% confidence interval, CI = 0.08-0.46; P ≤ 0.05) and age ≥44 years (median = 44; OR = 96.84, 95%CI = 21.78-430.49; P ≤ 0.05) were observed. The evaluated polymorphisms were not associated with SCRC (PstI-CYP2E1: OR = 0.93, 95%CI = 0.30-2.85; P = 0.897; MspI-CYP1A1: OR = 0.75, 95%CI = 0.35-1.61; P = 0.463); the combined genotypes were not associated with the risk of disease. Thus, individuals aged ≥44 years are more sensitive to SCRC, while men are less susceptible. Additionally, polymorphisms in CYP2E1 (PstI) and CYP1A1 (MspI) were not associated with SCRC in the evaluated Brazilian population.
- Published
- 2015
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