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An ovoid to rod shaped, white tobrown pigmented, facultative anaerobic, mesophilic, non-phototrophic, Gram-staining-negative, non-motile, multiply by binary fission designated strain KVB23T, which was isolated from root of rice plant, near Ilsan, South Korea, was investigated for its taxonomic position by polyphasic approach. Optimal growth was found to occur at 30˚C, at pH 6.5 and in the absence of NaCl on R2A. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain KVB23Trevealed that it formed a distinct lineage, as a separate deep branch within the family Rhodobacteriaceae, with Rhodobacter, Xinfangfangia, Tabrizicola, Falsirhodobacter, Haematobacter, Paenirhodobacter, Pseudorhodobacter and Pararhodobacter. Based in 16S rRNA sequences strain KVB23T was most closely related to Tabrizicola fusiformis KCTC 62105T (96.5%) and Rhodobacter thermarumKCTC 52712T(96.2%).The draft genome of strain KVB23Twas 3.80 bp long with a DNA G + C content of 63.1 %. Genome of strain KVB23T harboured gene clusters for tryptophan and cobalaminbiosynthesis. The strain contained Q-10 as the sole respiratory quinone. The predominant fatty acids were found to consist of C16:0, C18:0 and summed feature 8 (comprising C18:1 ω7c and / or C18:1 ω6). The polar lipids were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine,seven unidentified phosphoglycolipids, two unidentified aminophosphoglycolipid, one unidentified glycolipid and four unidentified lipids.Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria have the ability to dissolve insoluble phosphates and enhance the soil fertility. Strain KVB23Tcan solubilize calcium phosphate tribasic. Phosphate solubilizing and tryptophan biosynthesis property of strain KVB23T could be a possible factor for the increase in growth of rice plant. Differential phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic distinctiveness, demonstrated that strain KVB23T was found to represent a novel genus in the Rhodobacteriaceaefamily, for which the name Fuscibacteroryzae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain KVB23T(=KACC 21711T =NBRC 114716T).

The translucent white-coloured, Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, fusiform-shaped bacterium (designated strain SY72T) was isolated from waste-activated sludge. Optimal growth occurred at 30–37 °C and pH 6.0–7.0. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the novel isolate belonged to the family Rhodobacteraceae of the class Alphaproteobacteria . Strain SY72T is closely related to Tabrizicola aquatica KCTC 23724T (97.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Pseudorhodobacter aquaticus DC2N1-10T (96.4 %), respectively. DNA–DNA relatedness between strain SY72T and the closest phylogenetically related strain, Tabrizicola aquatica KCTC 23724T, was 18.0±0.7 %. In strain SY72T, the predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q-10, and the cellular fatty acids consisted mainly of C18 : 1ω7c and C18 : 1ω7c-11 methyl. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. Photoautotrophic and photoheterotrophic growth did not occur in strain SY72T. Furthermore, strain SY72T did not produce photosynthetic pigments or contain the photosynthetic genes pufL and pufM, by which it differed from the phototrophic species of the family Rhodobacteraceae . On the basis of distinct phenotypic and phylogenetic properties, strain SY72T represents a novel species of the genus Tabrizicola , for which the name Tabrizicola fusiformis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SY72T (=KCTC 62105T=NBRC 113021T).

A novel Gram-stain-negative, coccus-shaped, aerobic and motile bacterial strain, designated S12M18T, was isolated from the gut of the Korean turban shell, Turbo cornutus. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain S12M18T belonged to the genus Pseudorhodobacter and had the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity twith Pseudorhodobacter aquimaris HDW-19T (98.63 %). The phylogenomic tree congruently verified that strain S12M18T occupies a taxonomic position within the genus Pseudorhodobacter . The OrthoANIu value between strain S12M18T and P. aquimaris HDW-19T was 87.22 %. The major cellular fatty acid of strain S12M18T was summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c or C18 : 1 ω6c). The major components of the polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was Q-10. The DNA G＋C content was 57.8 mol%. The polyphasic analyses indicated that strain S12M18T represents a novel species of the genus Pseudorhodobacter , for which the name Pseudorhodobacter turbinis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S12M18T (=KCTC 62742T=JCM 33168T).

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Pseudorhodobacter sp. strain E13, a Gram-negative, aerobic, nonflagellated, and rod-shaped bacterium which was isolated from the Yellow Sea in South Korea. The assembled genome sequence is 3,878,578 bp long with 3,646 protein-coding sequences in 159 contigs.

Three Gram-stain negative, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strains, Y1R2-4T, Y3R2-3 and DC2N1-10T, isolated from two crater lakes of the Daxinganling Mountains, northern China, were studied to determine their taxonomic position. They grew at 4–30 °C (optimally at 20–25 °C), at pH 6.0–7.5 (optimally at pH 7.0) and in the presence of 0–0.5 % (w/v) NaCl. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, these strains showed 95.3–96.6 % similarity to members of the genus Pseudorhodobacter , including Pseudorhodobacter ferrugineus DSM 5888T, Pseudorhodobacter wandonensis WT-MW11T, Pseudorhodobacter antarcticus ZS3-33T and Pseudorhodobacter aquimaris HDW-19T. All strains contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1 ω7c as the major fatty acid. The main polar lipids for strains Y1R2-4T and Y3R2-3 were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, one unidentified aminophospholipid, one unidentified aminolipid, three unidentified phospholipids and two unidentified lipids, and those for strain DC2N1-10T were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, one unidentified aminophospholipid, one unidentified aminolipid, one unidentified phospholipid and several unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C contents of strains Y1R2-4T, Y3R2-3 and DC2N1-10T were 61.9, 61.0 and 60.0 mol%, respectively. In addition, strain Y1R2-4T shared less than 50 % DNA–DNA relatedness to strain DC2N1-10T. Based on these differences in genetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic properties, strains Y1R2-4T, Y3R2-3 and DC2N1-10T were considered to represent two novel species of the genus Pseudorhodobacter , for which the names Pseudorhodobacter sinensis sp. nov. (type strain Y1R2-4T=CGMCC1.14435T=KCTC 52039T) and Pseudorhodobacter aquaticus sp. nov. (type strain DC2N1-10T=CGMCC1.14433T=KCTC 52040T) are proposed.

A Gram-stain-negative, facultatively aerobic, cream-coloured, ovoid-shaped, non-motile and psychrotolerant bacterial strain, PAMC 27389T, was isolated from terrestrial soil collected on King George Island, Antarctica. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain PAMC 27389T belongs to the genus Pseudorhodobacter, sharing highest similarities with the type strains of Pseudorhodobacter wandonensis (96.9 %), Pseudorhodobacter antarcticus (96.8 %), Pseudorhodobacter ferrugineus (96.5 %) and Pseudorhodobacter aquimaris (95.4 %). Average nucleotide identity values between strain PAMC 27389T and the type strains of P. wandonensis, P. antarcticus, P. ferrugineus and P. aquimaris were 70.8, 70.9, 71.0 and 70.5 %, respectively and the genome-to-genome distances were 18.4–19.1 %, indicating PAMC 27389T is clearly distinguished from the most closely related Pseudorhodobacter species. The genomic DNA G+C content was 60.1 mol%. Strain PAMC 27389T grew at 0–37 °C (optimally at 15–20 °C), at pH 5.5–9.0 (optimally at pH 6.5–7.0) and in the presence of 0.5–3.0 % (w/v) sea salt (optimally with 0.5 %). It lacked bacteriochlorophyll a. The major fatty acids (>5 %) were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and C18 : 1ω7c 11-methyl. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified phospholipid, an unidentified aminolipid, an unidentified lipid and three unidentified aminophospholipids. The major respiratory quinone was Q-10. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genomic data presented, we propose the name Pseudorhodobacter psychrotolerans sp. nov. with the type strain PAMC 27389T ( = KCTC 42640T = JCM 30764T).

Three Gram-staining-negative, strictly aerobic, non-pigmented, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strains, SP32T ( = SLM-1T), SR68 ( = SLM-3) and SP95 ( = SLM-2), were isolated from two water samples of a cold-water lake in Xinjiang province, China. Growth was observed at 4–25 °C and pH 6.0–9.0, and optimum growth occurred at 18–20 °C and at pH 7.0–7.5. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that these isolates belonged to the family Rhodobacteraceae , but formed an evolutionary lineage distinct from other species of this family with validly published names. Strain SP32T showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (96.7 %) to Rhodobacter veldkampii ATCC 35703T, and the similarity to members of the genera Defluviimonas , Haematobacter and Pseudorhodobacter was respectively 95.8–96.4, 96.0–96.1 and 95.3–96.1 %. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain SP32T was 67.6 mol%. The major fatty acids (>5 %) were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c) and11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c. Phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, one unidentified glycolipid and one unidentified polar lipid were the main polar lipids. Ubiquinone 10 (Q-10) was the sole respiratory quinone. Strain SP32T did not produce photosynthetic pigments and did not contain the gene pufM, by which it differed from the phototrophic species of the family Rhodobacteraceae . Based on its distinct phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties, strain SP32T represents a novel species in a novel genus within the family Rhodobacteraceae , for which we propose the name Frigidibacter albus gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Frigidibacter albus is strain SP32T ( = SLM-1T = CGMCC 1.13995T = NBRC 109671T).

A Gram-stain-negative, short-rod-shaped, non-motile bacterial strain, designated HWR-46T, was isolated from seawater of the Yellow Sea, South Korea, and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain HWR-46T grew optimally at pH 7.0–8.0, at 20–25 °C and in the presence of 2–3 % (w/v) NaCl. The neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HWR-46T fell within the clade comprising Pseudorhodobacter species, clustering with the type strain of Pseudorhodobacter aquimaris , with which it exhibited 98.4 % sequence similarity. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain HWR-46T and the type strains of other Pseudorhodobacter species was 95.1–96.3 %. The DNA G+C content of strain HWR-46T was 63.1 mol% and its mean DNA–DNA relatedness value with P. aquimaris HDW-19T was 24.6±1.5 %. Strain HWR-46T contained only Q-10 as the ubiquinone and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) as the major fatty acid. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminolipid and an unidentified aminophospholipid. Differential phenotypic properties, together with phylogenetic distinctiveness, demonstrated that strain HWR-46T is distinguishable from other Pseudorhodobacter species. On the basis of the data presented, strain HWR-46T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Pseudorhodobacter , for which the name Pseudorhodobacter ponti sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HWR-46T (=KCTC 52470T=NBRC 112426T).

Two bacterial strains (JA744T and JA745) were isolated from dry soil samples collected from solar salterns at Humma, Odisha, India. Both strains were Gram-stain-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, motile rods. Major fatty acids in both strains included C18 : 1ω7c, C18 : 0 and C16 : 0, while minor amounts of C10 : 0 3-OH, C12 : 0, C12 : 0 3-OH, C14 : 0 and C16 : 0 were also present. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified glycolipid, five unidentified lipids, an unidentified aminolipid and an unidentified phospholipid made up the polar lipids of both strains. Both strains had bacteriohopane derivatives (BHD1,2) and diploptene as major hopanoids. Mean genomic DNA G+C content was 75±1 mol% and the two strains were closely related (mean DNA–DNA hybridization >90 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the two strains clustered with species of the genus Rhodobacter belonging to the family Rhodobacteraceae of the class Alphaproteobacteria . The highest sequence similarity was observed with Rhodobacter sphaeroides ATH2.4.1T (96 %) and other members of the genera Rhodobacter and Pseudorhodobacter ( Rhodobacteraceae . Distinct morphological, physiological and genotypic differences from previously described taxa support the classification of these isolates as representatives of a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Falsirhodobacter halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Falsirhodobacter halotolerans is JA744T ( = KCTC 32158T = NBRC 108897T).