22 results on '"Ps, Sudharto"'
Search Results
2. Spiders in canopy and ground microhabitats are robust to changes in understory vegetation management practices in mature oil palm plantations (Riau, Indonesia)
- Author
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Pashkevich, Michael D., primary, Spear, Dakota M., additional, Advento, Andreas Dwi, additional, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, additional, Foster, William A., additional, Luke, Sarah H., additional, Naim, Mohammad, additional, Ps, Sudharto, additional, Snaddon, Jake L., additional, and Turner, Edgar C., additional
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Diversity and occupancy of small carnivores within oil palm plantations in central Sumatra, Indonesia
- Author
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Jennings, Andrew P., Naim, Mohd, Advento, Andreas Dwi, Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, Ps, Sudharto, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Verwilghen, Aude, and Veron, Geraldine
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- 2015
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4. A whole‐ecosystem method for experimentally suppressing ants on a small scale
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Hood, Amelia S. C., primary, Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, additional, Advento, Andreas D., additional, Suberkah, Wahyu R., additional, Ashton‐Butt, Adham, additional, Ps, Sudharto, additional, Caliman, Jean‐Pierre, additional, Naim, Mohammad, additional, Foster, William A., additional, and Turner, Edgar C., additional
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- 2022
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5. A whole���ecosystem method for experimentally suppressing ants on a small scale
- Author
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Hood, Amelia SC, Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, Advento, Andreas D, Suberkah, Wahyu R, Ashton���Butt, Adham, Ps, Sudharto, Caliman, Jean���Pierre, Naim, Mohammad, Foster, William A, Turner, Edgar, Hood, Amelia SC [0000-0003-3803-0603], Ashton‐Butt, Adham [0000-0002-6926-6099], Turner, Edgar [0000-0003-2715-2234], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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fungi ,behavior and behavior mechanisms ,food and beverages - Abstract
Ant suppression experiments have emerged as a powerful method for assessing the role of ants in ecosystems. However, traditional methods have been limited to canopy ants, and not assessed the role of ants on and below ground. Recent advances have enabled whole-ecosystem ant suppression in large plots, but large-scale experiments are not always feasible. Here, we develop a small-scale, whole-ecosystem suppression method. We compare techniques for monitoring suppression experiments, and assess whether habitat complexity in oil palm influences our method���s effectiveness. We conducted ant suppression experiments in oil palm agroforestry in Sumatra, Indonesia. We used targeted poison baits, a physical barrier, and canopy isolation to suppress ants in 4m-radius arenas around single palms. We sequentially tested three suppression methods that increased in intensity over 18 months. We sampled ant abundance before and after suppression by fogging, using pitfall traps, and extracting soil monoliths. We also monitored ants throughout the experiment by baiting. We tested the soil for residual poison and monitored other invertebrates (Araneae, Coleoptera, Orthoptera, and Chilopoda) to test for cross-contamination. Plots were established under four oil palm management treatments that varied in their habitat complexity: reduced, intermediate, and high understory complexity treatments in mature plantation, and a recently-replanted plantation. Post-treatment ant abundance was 92% lower in suppression than control plots. Only the most intensive suppression method, which ran for the final nine months, worked. Baiting rarely reflected the other monitoring methods. The treatment negatively affected Orthoptera, but not other taxa. We detected no residual poison in the soil. Coleoptera abundance increased in suppression plots post-treatment, potentially due to reduced competition with ants. Our findings were consistent across management treatments., Whitten Studentship, Department of Zoology
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- 2021
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6. Habitat heterogeneity supports day-flying Lepidoptera in oil palm plantations.
- Author
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Reiss-Woolever, Valentine Joy, Dwi Advento, Andreas, Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Foster, William A., Naim, Mohammad, Pujianto, Purnomo, Dedi, Snaddon, Jake L., Soeprapto, Suhardi, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, Siguga Rambe, Tuani Dzulfikar, Ps, Sudharto, Widodo, Rudy Harto, Luke, Sarah H., and Turner, Edgar C.
- Abstract
Oil palm is one of Southeast Asia's most common crops, and its expansion has caused substantial modification of natural habitats and put increasing pressure on biodiversity. Rising global demand for vegetable oil, coupled with oil palm's high yield per unit area and the versatility of the palm oil product, has driven the expansion of oil palm agriculture in the region. Therefore, it is critical to identify management practices that can support biodiversity in plantations without exacerbating negative impacts on the environment. This study focuses on day-flying Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), which contribute to the ecosystem functioning as pollinators, prey, and herbivore species. We assessed whether density and behaviours of day-flying Lepidoptera varied between different habitats within oil palm plantations and across seasons. We surveyed the density and behaviours of Lepidoptera communities in mature industrial oil palm plantations within the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture (BEFTA) Programme sites, in Riau, Indonesia. We surveyed two distinct habitats within the plantations in March and September 2013: Edge habitats, which were bordered by plantation roads on one side, and Core habitats in the centre of oil palm planting blocks. We conducted analyses on the effect of habitat type and season on both the overall density and behaviour of Lepidoptera communities and, independently, on the most common species. In our surveys, we observed 1464 individuals across 41 species, with a significantly higher density in Edge than in Core habitats. While there was no significant difference between overall density in March and September surveys, there was an interaction between season and habitat, with density increasing more markedly in Edge than Core areas in September. There was also a significant effect of habitat and season on behavioural time budget for the community as a whole, with more active behaviours, such as foraging and mating, being recorded more frequently in Edge than Core habitats, and more commonly in September than March. The effect of habitat type, season, and their interaction differed between the six most common species. Our findings indicate that Lepidoptera abundance is affected by habitat characteristics in a plantation and can therefore be influenced by plantation management practices. In particular, our study highlights the value of road edges and paths in plantations for day-flying Lepidoptera. We suggest that increased non-crop vegetation in these areas, achieved through reduced clearing practices or planting of flowering plants, could foster abundant and active butterfly communities in plantations. These practices could form part of sustainability management recommendations for oil palm, such as those of the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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7. A NEW TYPE OF TRAP FOR CAPTURING ORYCTES RHINOCEROS (SCARABAEIDAE, DYNASTINAE), THE MAIN PEST IN YOUNG OIL PALM AND COCONUT PLANTINGS
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Morin J.-P., Ps. Sudharto, R. Purba, R Desmier de Chenon, T. Kakul, S Laup, L. Beaudoin-Ollivier, and D. Rochat
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oryctes rhinoceros ,trapping ,oil palm ,coconut ,new trap ,Agriculture - Abstract
Oryctes rhinoceros (Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae) trapping is possible with the pheromone (ethyl 4-methyloctanoate) as the attractant. This article describes a new type of trap that functions without insecticides or water, and can remain in place for several months without any particular maintenance so long as the attractant does not run out. As it is 2 m tall, it offers the advantage of having the silhouette of a palm stem, which is visually attractive to this insect
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- 2001
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8. Removing understory vegetation in oil palm agroforestry reduces ground-foraging ant abundance but not species richness
- Author
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Hood, Amelia SC, Advento, Andreas D, Stone, Jake, Fayle, Tom M, Fairnie, Alice LM, Waters, Helen S, Foster, William A, Snaddon, Jake L, Ps, Sudharto, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Naim, Mohammad, Turner, Edgar C, Hood, Amelia [0000-0003-3803-0603], Foster, William [0000-0002-2535-8012], Turner, Edgar [0000-0003-2715-2234], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
Habitat heterogeneity ,Ants ,Oil palm ,food and beverages ,Biodiversity ,Herbicide ,Agroforestry ,Formicidae ,Habitat complexity ,Understory vegetation ,Structural com-plexity - Abstract
Ants are known to provide valuable ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes, including oil palm plantations. Their communities are less diverse and more uneven in oil palm compared with forest, and this may increase their vulnerability to disturbance. This study quantifies ant communities in oil palm agroforestry and experimentally tests their robustness to a common-practice high-disturbance management intervention: removing understory vegetation. Fieldwork was based at the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture (BEFTA) Understory Vegetation Project in Sumatra, Indonesia, where three treatments varying in their degree of understory vegetation management were established in 2014: (1) widespread herbicide was applied removing all understory vegetation (Reduced); (2) herbicide was applied to the harvesting paths and circles, and other vegetation was allowed to grow (Normal - control); (3) no herbicide was applied (Enhanced). We measured ground-foraging ant communities before and after the treatments were implemented, using pitfall traps over 324 trap-nights (a trap-night is one trap set for one night). We investigated how ant abundance, species richness, species evenness, beta diversity, and community composition differed between the treatments. We found 3507 ants across 68 species or morphospecies. Seven of these were highly abundant and accounted for 78% of individuals. Post-treatment ant abundance was lower in the reduced treatment (mean per plot: 84) than in the normal (159) and enhanced (131) treatments, which did not differ from each other. Species richness, species evenness, beta diversity and community composition were not affected by the vegetation treatments. We recommend that oil palm growers maintain understory vegetation in oil palm plantations to support ground-foraging ants. Though not tested here, this may also improve ant-mediated ecosystem services, such as pest control, seed dispersal, nutrient redistribution, and the maintenance of soil health. This study demonstrates that enhancing habitat complexity through management practices can support biodiversity in monocrop landscapes.
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- 2020
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9. Managing oil palm plantations more sustainably: large-scale experiments within the biodiversity and ecosystem function in tropical agriculture (BEFTA) programme
- Author
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Luke, Sarah H., Advento, Andreas Dwi, Agung Ketut Aryawan, Anak, Nugroho Adhy, Dwi, Ashton-Butt, Adham, Barclay, Holly, Prajna Dewi, Jassica, Drewer, Julia, Dumbrell, Alex J., Eycott, Amy E., Harianja, Martina F., Hinsch, Julie K., Hood, Amelia S. C., Kurniawan, Candra, Kurz, David J., Mann, Darren J., Matthews Nicholass, Kirsty J., Naim, Mohammad, Pashkevich, Michael D., Prescott, Graham W., Ps, Sudharto, Purnomo, Dedi, Purwoko, Rizky Rajabillah, Putra, Syafrisar, Rambe, T. Dzulfikar S., Spear, Dakota M., Tan, David J. X., Tao, Hsiao-Hang, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, Waters, Helen S., Harto Widodo, Rudi, Woodham, Christopher R., Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Slade, Eleanor M., Snaddon, Jake L., Foster, William A., and Turner, Edgar C.
- Abstract
Conversion of tropical forest to agriculture results in reduced habitat heterogeneity, and associated declines in biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Management strategies to increase biodiversity in agricultural landscapes have therefore often focused on increasing habitat complexity; however, the large-scale, long-term ecological experiments that are needed to test the effects of these strategies are rare in tropical systems. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)—one of the most widespread and important tropical crops—offers substantial potential for developing wildlife-friendly management strategies because of its long rotation cycles and tree-like structure. Although there is awareness of the need to increase sustainability, practical options for how best to manage oil palm plantations, for benefits to both the environment and crop productivity, have received little research attention. In this paper we introduce the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture (BEFTA) Programme: a long-term research collaboration between academia and industry in Sumatra, Indonesia. The BEFTA Programme aims to better understand the oil palm agroecosystem and test sustainability strategies. We hypothesise that adjustments to oil palm management could increase structural complexity, stabilise microclimate, and reduce reliance on chemical inputs, thereby helping to improve levels of biodiversity and ecosystem functions. The Programme has established four major components: (1) assessing variability within the plantation under business-as-usual conditions; (2) the BEFTA Understory Vegetation Project, which tests the effects of varying herbicide regimes; (3) the Riparian Ecosystem Restoration in Tropical Agriculture (RERTA) Project, which tests strategies for restoring riparian habitat; and (4) support for additional collaborative projects within the Programme landscape. Across all projects, we are measuring environmental conditions, biodiversity, and ecosystem functions. We also measure oil palm yield and production costs, in order to assess whether suggested sustainability strategies are feasible from an agronomic perspective. Early results show that oil palm plantation habitat is more variable than might be expected from a monoculture crop, and that everyday vegetation management decisions have significant impacts on habitat structure. The BEFTA Programme highlights the value of large-scale collaborative projects for understanding tropical agricultural systems, and offers a highly valuable experimental set-up for improving our understanding of practices to manage oil palm more sustainably.
- Published
- 2020
10. Complexity within an oil palm monoculture:The effects of habitat variability and rainfall on adult dragonfly (Odonata) communities
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Luke, Sarah H., Dwi Advento, Andreas, Dow, Rory A., Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, Barclay, Holly, Eycott, Amy E., Hinsch, Julie K., Kurniawan, Candra, Naim, Mohammad, Pujianto, Purnomo, Dedi, Rambe, Tuani Dzulfikar Siguga, Slade, Eleanor M., Soeprapto, Ps, Sudharto, Suhardi, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, Widodo, Rudy Harto, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Snaddon, Jake L., Foster, William A., Turner, Edgar C., Luke, Sarah H., Dwi Advento, Andreas, Dow, Rory A., Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, Barclay, Holly, Eycott, Amy E., Hinsch, Julie K., Kurniawan, Candra, Naim, Mohammad, Pujianto, Purnomo, Dedi, Rambe, Tuani Dzulfikar Siguga, Slade, Eleanor M., Soeprapto, Ps, Sudharto, Suhardi, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, Widodo, Rudy Harto, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Snaddon, Jake L., Foster, William A., and Turner, Edgar C.
- Abstract
Recent expansion of oil palm agriculture has resulted in loss of forest habitat and forest-dependent species. However, large numbers of species—particularly insects—can persist within plantations. This study focuses on Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies): a charismatic indicator taxon and a potentially valuable pest control agent. We surveyed adult Odonata populations biannually over three years within an industrial oil palm plantation in Sumatra, Indonesia. We assessed the effects of rainfall (including an El Niño Southern Oscillation-associated drought), the role of roadside ditches, and the importance of understory vegetation on Odonata populations. To assess the impacts of vegetation, we took advantage of a long-term vegetation management experiment that is part of the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture (BEFTA) Programme. We found 41 Odonata species, and communities varied between plantation core and roadside edge microhabitats, and between seasons. Abundance was significantly related to rainfall levels four months before surveys, probably indicating the importance of high water levels in roadside ditches for successful larval development. We found no significant effect of the BEFTA understory vegetation treatments on Odonata abundance, and only limited effects on community composition, suggesting that local understory vegetation structure plays a relatively unimportant role in determining communities. Our findings highlight that there are large numbers of Odonata species present within oil palm plantations and suggest that their abundance could potentially be increased by maintaining or establishing waterbodies. As Odonata are predators, this could bring pest control benefits, in addition to enhancing biodiversity within intensive agricultural landscapes. Abstract in Indonesian is available with online material.
- Published
- 2020
11. Managing Oil Palm Plantations More Sustainably:Large-Scale Experiments Within the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture (BEFTA) Programme
- Author
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Luke, Sarah H., Advento, Andreas Dwi, Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, Adhy, Dwi Nugroho, Ashton-Butt, Adham, Barclay, Holly, Dewi, Jassica Prajna, Drewer, Julia, Dumbrell, Alex J., Edi, Eycott, Amy E., Harianja, Martina F., Hinsch, Julie K., Hood, Amelia S. C., Kurniawan, Candra, Kurz, David J., Mann, Darren J., Nicholass, Kirsty J. Matthews, Naim, Mohammad, Pashkevich, Michael D., Prescott, Graham W., Ps, Sudharto, Pujianto, Purnomo, Dedi, Purwoko, Rizky Rajabillah, Putra, Syafrisar, Rambe, T. Dzulfikar S., Soeprapto, Spear, Dakota M., Suhardi, Tan, David J. X., Tao, Hsiao-Hang, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, Waters, Helen S., Widodo, Rudi Harto, Whendy, Woodham, Christopher R., Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Slade, Eleanor M., Snaddon, Jake L., Foster, William A., Turner, Edgar C., Luke, Sarah H., Advento, Andreas Dwi, Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, Adhy, Dwi Nugroho, Ashton-Butt, Adham, Barclay, Holly, Dewi, Jassica Prajna, Drewer, Julia, Dumbrell, Alex J., Edi, Eycott, Amy E., Harianja, Martina F., Hinsch, Julie K., Hood, Amelia S. C., Kurniawan, Candra, Kurz, David J., Mann, Darren J., Nicholass, Kirsty J. Matthews, Naim, Mohammad, Pashkevich, Michael D., Prescott, Graham W., Ps, Sudharto, Pujianto, Purnomo, Dedi, Purwoko, Rizky Rajabillah, Putra, Syafrisar, Rambe, T. Dzulfikar S., Soeprapto, Spear, Dakota M., Suhardi, Tan, David J. X., Tao, Hsiao-Hang, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, Waters, Helen S., Widodo, Rudi Harto, Whendy, Woodham, Christopher R., Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Slade, Eleanor M., Snaddon, Jake L., Foster, William A., and Turner, Edgar C.
- Published
- 2020
12. Habitat Heterogeneity Helps Support Day-Flying Lepidoptera Biodiversity in Oil Palm Plantations
- Author
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Reiss-Woolever, Valentine Joy, primary, Advento, Andreas Dwi, additional, Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, additional, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, additional, Foster, William A., additional, Naim, Mohammad, additional, Purnomo, Dedi, additional, Snaddon, Jake L., additional, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, additional, Wahyuningsih, Resti, additional, Rambe, Tuani Dzulfikar Siguga, additional, Ps, Sudharto, additional, Widodo, Rudy Harto, additional, Luke, Sarah H., additional, and Turner, Edgar C., additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Removing understory vegetation in oil palm agroforestry reduces ground-foraging ant abundance but not species richness
- Author
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Hood, Amelia S.C., primary, Advento, Andreas D., additional, Stone, Jake, additional, Fayle, Tom M., additional, Fairnie, Alice L.M., additional, Waters, Helen S., additional, Foster, William A., additional, Snaddon, Jake L., additional, Ps, Sudharto, additional, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, additional, Naim, Mohammad, additional, and Turner, Edgar C., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Resilience of ecological functions to drought in an oil palm agroecosystem
- Author
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Eycott, Amy E., Advento, Andreas Dwi, Waters, Helen S., Luke, Sarah H., Agang Ketut Aryawan, Anak, Hood, Amelia S. C., Naim, Mohammad, Ps, Sudharto, Purnomo, Pujianto Dedi, Rambe, T. Dzulfikar S., Suhardi, Soeprapto, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, Harto Widodo, Rudi, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Snaddon, Jake L., Foster, William A., and Turner, Edgar C.
- Subjects
food and beverages - Abstract
Oil palm is a major habitat in the tropics. It is highly productive and contributes substantially to the economies of producing countries, but its expansion has caused widespread deforestation, with negative consequences for biodiversity. Such biodiversity losses may have substantial impacts on ecosystem functions within oil palm and resilience of functions to changing rainfall patterns, with impacts on yield. However, although the direct effects of water deficit on yield have been studied, little work has investigated ecosystem processes within plantations or the resilience of functions to changing rainfall. We conducted ecosystem function experiments within mature oil palm at the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture (BEFTA) Programme site in Sumatra, Indonesia. We measured rates of leaf litter decomposition, seed removal, mealworm predation, and herbivory at multiple time points spanning the 2015–2016 El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event that caused widespread drought within Southeast Asia. We found that mealworm predation, seed removal, and decomposition rates were high, whilst herbivory levels were low, indicating a healthy ecosystem with high levels of pest control and organic matter breakdown. Exclusion tests showed that the presence of invertebrates was associated with higher levels of seed removal and decomposition and the presence of vertebrates with higher predation. All functions were relatively robust to changes in rainfall. Yet, whilst seed removal and herbivory did not alter with rainfall, decomposition and predation showed more complex effects, with levels of both processes increasing with current rainfall levels when rainfall in preceding time periods was low. This suggests that both processes are resilient to change and able to recover following drought. Our results indicate that the ecosystem processes measured within oil palm plantations are healthy and resilient to changing rainfall patterns. This is hopeful and suggests that the crop may be fairly robust to future changes in precipitation.
- Published
- 2019
15. Simplifying understory complexity in oil palm plantations is associated with a reduction in the density of a cleptoparasitic spider, Argyrodes miniaceus (Araneae: Theridiidae), in host (Araneae: Nephilinae) webs
- Author
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Spear, Dakota M, Foster, William A, Advento, Andreas Dwi, Naim, Mohammad, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Luke, Sarah H, Snaddon, Jake L, Ps, Sudharto, Turner, Edgar C, Spear, Dakota M [0000-0002-4637-5524], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
host–parasite relationships ,agricultural management ,habitat complexity ,population density ,trophic interactions - Abstract
Expansion of oil palm agriculture is currently one of the main drivers of habitat modification in Southeast Asia. Habitat modification can have significant effects on biodiversity, ecosystem function, and interactions between species by altering species abundances or the available resources in an ecosystem. Increasing complexity within modified habitats has the potential to maintain biodiversity and preserve species interactions. We investigated trophic interactions between Argyrodes miniaceus, a cleptoparasitic spider, and its Nephila spp. spider hosts in mature oil palm plantations in Sumatra, Indonesia. A. miniaceus co-occupy the webs of Nephila spp. females and survive by stealing prey items caught in the web. We examined the effects of experimentally manipulated understory vegetation complexity on the density and abundance of A. miniaceus in Nephila spp. webs. Experimental understory treatments included enhanced complexity, standard complexity, and reduced complexity understory vegetation, which had been established as part of the ongoing Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture (BEFTA) Project. A. miniaceus density ranged from 14.4 to 31.4 spiders per square meter of web, with significantly lower densities found in reduced vegetation complexity treatments compared with both enhanced and standard treatment plots. A. miniaceus abundance per plot was also significantly lower in reduced complexity than in standard and enhanced complexity plots. Synthesis and applications: Maintenance of understory vegetation complexity contributes to the preservation of spider host-cleptoparasite relationships in oil palm plantations. Understory structural complexity in these simplified agroecosystems therefore helps to support abundant spider populations, a functionally important taxon in agricultural landscapes. In addition, management for more structurally complex agricultural habitats can support more complex trophic interactions in tropical agroecosystems.
- Published
- 2018
16. Understory Vegetation in Oil Palm Plantations Promotes Leopard Cat Activity, but Does Not Affect Rats or Rat Damage
- Author
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Hood, Amelia S. C., primary, Aryawan, A. Agung K., additional, Advento, Andreas D., additional, Purnomo, Dedi, additional, Wahyuningsih, Resti, additional, Luke, Sarah H., additional, Ps, Sudharto, additional, Snaddon, Jake L., additional, Foster, William A., additional, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, additional, Turner, Edgar C., additional, and Naim, Mohammad, additional
- Published
- 2019
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17. Complexity within an oil palm monoculture: The effects of habitat variability and rainfall on adult dragonfly (Odonata) communities.
- Author
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Luke, Sarah H., Dwi Advento, Andreas, Dow, Rory A., Aryawan, Anak Agung Ketut, Barclay, Holly, Eycott, Amy E., Hinsch, Julie K., Kurniawan, Candra, Naim, Mohammad, Mann, Darren J., Pujianto, Purnomo, Dedi, Rambe, Tuani Dzulfikar Siguga, Slade, Eleanor M., Soeprapto, Ps, Sudharto, Suhardi, Tarigan, Ribka Sionita, Wahyuningsih, Resti, and Widodo, Rudy Harto
- Subjects
ODONATA ,OIL palm ,DRAGONFLIES ,VEGETATION management - Abstract
Copyright of Biotropica is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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18. Simplifying understory complexity in oil palm plantations is associated with a reduction in the density of a cleptoparasitic spider, Argyrodes miniaceus (Araneae: Theridiidae), in host (Araneae: Nephilinae) webs
- Author
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Spear, Dakota M., primary, Foster, William A., additional, Advento, Andreas Dwi, additional, Naim, Mohammad, additional, Caliman, Jean‐Pierre, additional, Luke, Sarah H., additional, Snaddon, Jake L., additional, Ps, Sudharto, additional, and Turner, Edgar C., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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19. Replanting reduces frog diversity in oil palm
- Author
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Kurz, David J., Turner, Edgar C., Aryawan, Agung A., Barkley, Hannah C., Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Konopik, Oliver, Ps, Sudharto, Foster, William A., Kurz, David J., Turner, Edgar C., Aryawan, Agung A., Barkley, Hannah C., Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Konopik, Oliver, Ps, Sudharto, and Foster, William A.
- Abstract
A growing body of literature has demonstrated significant biodiversity losses for many taxa when forest is converted to oil palm. However, no studies have directly investigated changes to biodiversity throughout the oil palm life cycle, in which oil palm matures for 25-30 years before replanting. This process leads to major changes in the oil palm landscape that likely influence species assemblages and ecosystem function. We compare frog assemblages between mature (21-27 year old) and recently replanted (1-2 year old) oil palm in Sumatra, Indonesia. Across eighteen 2.25-ha oil palm plots, we found 719 frogs from 14 species. Frog richness was 31 percent lower in replanted oil palm (9 species) than mature oil palm (13 species). Total frog abundance was 47 percent lower in replanted oil palm, and frog assemblage composition differed significantly between the two ages of oil palm. The majority of frog species were disturbance- tolerant, although we encountered four forest-associated frog species within mature oil palm despite a distance of 28 km between our study sites and the nearest extensive tract of forest. Although it is clear that protection of forest is of paramount importance for the conservation of tropical fauna, our results indicate that management decisions within tropical agricultural landscapes also have a profound impact on biodiversity. Practices such as staggered replanting or variable retention of mature oil palm patches could help maintain frog diversity in the oil palm landscape.
- Published
- 2015
20. Simplifying understory complexity in oil palm plantations is associated with a reduction in the density of a cleptoparasitic spider, <italic>Argyrodes miniaceus</italic> (Araneae: Theridiidae), in host (Araneae: Nephilinae) webs.
- Author
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Spear, Dakota M., Foster, William A., Advento, Andreas Dwi, Naim, Mohammad, Caliman, Jean‐Pierre, Luke, Sarah H., Snaddon, Jake L., Ps, Sudharto, and Turner, Edgar C.
- Subjects
OIL palm ,PLANTATIONS ,SPIDER populations ,ARGYRODES ,HABITATS ,TROPICAL agriculture - Abstract
Abstract: Expansion of oil palm agriculture is currently one of the main drivers of habitat modification in Southeast Asia. Habitat modification can have significant effects on biodiversity, ecosystem function, and interactions between species by altering species abundances or the available resources in an ecosystem. Increasing complexity within modified habitats has the potential to maintain biodiversity and preserve species interactions. We investigated trophic interactions between
Argyrodes miniaceus, a cleptoparasitic spider, and itsNephila spp . spider hosts in mature oil palm plantations in Sumatra, Indonesia.A. miniaceus co‐occupy the webs ofNephila spp . females and survive by stealing prey items caught in the web. We examined the effects of experimentally manipulated understory vegetation complexity on the density and abundance ofA. miniaceus inNephila spp . webs. Experimental understory treatments included enhanced complexity, standard complexity, and reduced complexity understory vegetation, which had been established as part of the ongoing Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture (BEFTA) Project.A. miniaceus density ranged from 14.4 to 31.4 spiders per square meter of web, with significantly lower densities found in reduced vegetation complexity treatments compared with both enhanced and standard treatment plots.A. miniaceus abundance per plot was also significantly lower in reduced complexity than in standard and enhanced complexity plots.Synthesis and applications : Maintenance of understory vegetation complexity contributes to the preservation of spider host–cleptoparasite relationships in oil palm plantations. Understory structural complexity in these simplified agroecosystems therefore helps to support abundant spider populations, a functionally important taxon in agricultural landscapes. In addition, management for more structurally complex agricultural habitats can support more complex trophic interactions in tropical agroecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Simplifying understory complexity in oil palm plantations is associated with a reduction in the density of a cleptoparasitic spider, Argyrodes miniaceus (Araneae: Theridiidae), in host (Araneae: Nephilinae) webs
- Author
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Spear, Dakota M, Foster, William A, Advento, Andreas Dwi, Naim, Mohammad, Caliman, Jean-Pierre, Luke, Sarah H, Snaddon, Jake L, Ps, Sudharto, and Turner, Edgar C
- Subjects
2. Zero hunger ,host–parasite relationships ,agricultural management ,15. Life on land ,habitat complexity ,population density ,trophic interactions - Abstract
Expansion of oil palm agriculture is currently one of the main drivers of habitat modification in Southeast Asia. Habitat modification can have significant effects on biodiversity, ecosystem function, and interactions between species by altering species abundances or the available resources in an ecosystem. Increasing complexity within modified habitats has the potential to maintain biodiversity and preserve species interactions. We investigated trophic interactions between Argyrodes miniaceus, a cleptoparasitic spider, and its Nephila spp. spider hosts in mature oil palm plantations in Sumatra, Indonesia. A. miniaceus co-occupy the webs of Nephila spp. females and survive by stealing prey items caught in the web. We examined the effects of experimentally manipulated understory vegetation complexity on the density and abundance of A. miniaceus in Nephila spp. webs. Experimental understory treatments included enhanced complexity, standard complexity, and reduced complexity understory vegetation, which had been established as part of the ongoing Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Tropical Agriculture (BEFTA) Project. A. miniaceus density ranged from 14.4 to 31.4 spiders per square meter of web, with significantly lower densities found in reduced vegetation complexity treatments compared with both enhanced and standard treatment plots. A. miniaceus abundance per plot was also significantly lower in reduced complexity than in standard and enhanced complexity plots. Synthesis and applications: Maintenance of understory vegetation complexity contributes to the preservation of spider host-cleptoparasite relationships in oil palm plantations. Understory structural complexity in these simplified agroecosystems therefore helps to support abundant spider populations, a functionally important taxon in agricultural landscapes. In addition, management for more structurally complex agricultural habitats can support more complex trophic interactions in tropical agroecosystems.
22. Enhancing biological control of basal stem rot disease (Ganoderma boninense) in oil palm plantations.
- Author
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Susanto A, Sudharto PS, and Purba RY
- Subjects
- Indonesia, Arecaceae, Ganoderma growth & development, Gliocladium growth & development, Pest Control, Biological methods, Plant Diseases microbiology, Trichoderma growth & development
- Abstract
Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease caused by Ganoderma boninense is the most destructive disease in oil palm, especially in Indonesia and Malaysia. The available control measures for BSR disease such as cultural practices and mechanical and chemical treatment have not proved satisfactory due to the fact that Ganoderma has various resting stages such as melanised mycelium, basidiospores and pseudosclerotia. Alternative control measures to overcome the Ganoderma problem are focused on the use of biological control agents and planting resistant material. Present studies conducted at Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute (IOPRI) are focused on enhancing the use of biological control agents for Ganoderma. These activities include screening biological agents from the oil palm rhizosphere in order to evaluate their effectiveness as biological agents in glasshouse and field trials, testing their antagonistic activities in large scale experiments and eradicating potential disease inoculum with biological agents. Several promising biological agents have been isolated, mainly Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, Gliocladium viride, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Bacillus sp. A glasshouse and field trial for Ganoderma control indicated that treatment with T. harzianum and G. viride was superior to Bacillus sp. A large scale trial showed that the disease incidence was lower in a field treated with biological agents than in untreated fields. In a short term programme, research activities at IOPRI are currently focusing on selecting fungi that can completely degrade plant material in order to eradicate inoculum. Digging holes around the palm bole and adding empty fruit bunches have been investigated as ways to stimulate biological agents.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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