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Trabajo presentado al: 28th International Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (WAAVP). Dublín. p. 86. 19-22 julio. Virtual meeting.

Trabajo presentado al: 27th International Conference of the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology. Abstract book, Oral Session OA 35.01, pp. 128. Madison (USA), 7-11 julio 2019., The increasing widespread development of drug resistance in the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica has motivated the need for alternative diagnostic tools. The work reported here describes the validation of an egg hatch test (EHT) as an in vitro technique to detect albendazole (ABZ) resistance in F. hepatica. The validation includes the intraassay, inter-assay and intra-herd variations, and the comparison of results obtained after performing the EHT and a controlled eicacy test. Additionally, the development of the protocol included the adjustment of di@erent critical factors to improve the simplicity of the assay. The greatest uniformity between results within the assay and over time until 8 weeks after gallbladder eggs collection (the deadline proposed for egg analysis), was obtained after incubation with an ABZ concentration of 0.5 µM. The length of exposure to ABZ was shown to be critical, as prolonged (15 days) ABZ incubation led to a reversal of drug resistance. There was a close agreement between the outcome of the EHT and that obtained for the in vivo assays. Moreover, the same level of resistance was observed when eggs and faeces were collected from animals of four (4) di@erent farms and analyzed with both the EHT and the faecal egg count reduction test. A 0.5 µM drug level is confirmed as the discriminating concentration to predict ABZ resistance by the EHT in F. hepatica.

Some beverages and foods protect dental surfaces against oral bacteria colonization; in particular the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to tooth surfaces is a crucial step in the initiation and development of dental caries. The present work shows that barley coffee (BC), a beverage obtained by a roasting process, interferes with the S. mutans and other oral streptococci adsorption to hydroxyapatite (HA). Two experimental approaches were followed to evaluate the effects of sub-lethal concentrations of BC (sub-MICs) on the adherence of S. mutans to saliva-coated HA beads: streptococci were pre-treated with BC before the addition of bacteria (A); BC and bacteria were added to HA simultaneously with the HA beads (B). The treatments caused a statistically significant, dose-dependent inhibition of bacteria with regards both to sucrose-dependent and sucrose-independent adherence to HA. Dialysis and gel filtration chromatography fractioned the BC components. A component with high MM, which consists of a brown potent antioxidant melanoidin, showed to be responsible for most of the anti-adhesive properties found for BC. This high MM melanoidin does not occur in the natural barley, indicating that it originates in barley grains during the roasting process. These results suggest that BC consumption might influence the colonization of tooth surfaces by cariogenic bacteria.

Countries of Southern Europe are currently suffering from severe socio-economic pain resulting from high debt levels and austerity measures which constrain investment in innovation-based recovery strategies that are essential for entry into a long-term sustainable period of increasing employment and wealth creation. Young university-educated people are particularly innovative, and hence vital to the development of such strategies, but employment opportunities are poor and many are forced to seek employment that neither profits from their training nor satisfies their justified career expectations, or to emigrate. They are the 'lost generation'. A strategy is proposed here for the creation of Pipelines for New Chemicals, national centre-network partnerships for the discovery-synthesis of new chemicals obtained though harvesting new biological diversity, and their exploitation to develop new medicines, agrochemicals, materials, and other products and applications. The goal is to create new regional motors of economic growth and development, by harnessing the knowledge, motivation and innovation potential of the excellently educated young people of Europe to catalyse the development of new small, medium and large enterprises centred around novel chemicals, and the value chains that will evolve with them, and thereby develop a powerful sector of sustainable growth in employment and social and economic prosperity in Southern Europe. © 2014 Society for Applied Microbiology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

El SPECT/CT integra una gamacámara y un escáner radiológico en un solo equipo híbrido que fusiona la imagen de la cintigrafía SPECT (tomografía computada de fotón único) con la imagen morfológica obtenida con un escáner de baja intensidad, sin movilizar al paciente, en una perfecta correspondencia anátomo-funcional, permitiendo identificar con exactitud la localización de un adenoma paratiroideo. Se describen dos pacientes con hiperparatiroidismo primario, con ecotomografía convencional negativa, donde el SPECT/CT demostró la localización exacta de adenomas de ubicación no habitual.

El SPECT/CT integra una gamacámara y un escáner radiológico en un solo equipo híbrido que fusiona la imagen de la cintigrafía SPECT (tomografía computada de fotón único) con la imagen morfológica obtenida con un escáner de baja intensidad, sin movilizar al paciente, en una perfecta correspondencia anátomo-funcional, permitiendo identificar con exactitud la localización de un adenoma paratiroideo. Se describen dos pacientes con hiperparatiroidismo primario, con ecotomografía convencional negativa, donde el SPECT/CT demostró la localización exacta de adenomas de ubicación no habitual. Single photon emission computed tomography and computed tomography (SPECT/CT), integrates a gamma camera and a CT scan and is effective for the location of parathyroid adenomas. We report a 55 years old male and a 80 years old female with primary hyperparathyroidism. In both cases the 99mTc-Sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy detected a functioning nodule whose presence was confirmed with SPECT/CT.

Se presenta un caso clínico de paciente con linfoma no Hodgkin tratado; en control tomográfico habitual se le solicitó PET-CT para complementar su estudio, que demuestra un foco metabólicamente activo en el espesor de músculo aductor izquierdo sin traducción tomográfica evidente. La lesión fue estudiada con ultrasonografia de partes blandas y biopsia dirigida, que resultó positiva para infiltración secundaria por linfoma. Este caso demuestra la utilidad de las técnicas complementarias en el manejo de estos pacientes, en especial la utilidad del PET-CT en el estudio de sitios inhabituales de diseminación. En este examen existe la posibilidad de identificar con precisión la localización de las lesiones mediante la TC complementaria, lo que permite efectuar posteriormente el estudio dirigido. A case report of a patient with treated Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma is presented. In his usual tomographic control patient was requested a PET-CT scan to supplement prior study that showed a metabo-lically active focus on the left adductor muscle without evident tomographic correlation. Lesion underwent both a soft tissue ultrasound study and a directed biopsy, the latter being positive for secondary infiltration by lymphoma. This case has demonstrated the usefulness of applying complementary techniques in the management of these lesions, mainly of PET-CT scans in the study of unusual sites of spread. This combined medical imaging technique allows accurate lesion localization, which in turn permits performance of a subsequent directed study.

Se presenta un caso clínico de paciente con linfoma no Hodgkin tratado; en control tomográfico habitual se le solicitó PET-CT para complementar su estudio, que demuestra un foco metabólicamente activo en el espesor de músculo aductor izquierdo sin traducción tomográfica evidente. La lesión fue estudiada con ultrasonografia de partes blandas y biopsia dirigida, que resultó positiva para infiltración secundaria por linfoma. Este caso demuestra la utilidad de las técnicas complementarias en el manejo de estos pacientes, en especial la utilidad del PET-CT en el estudio de sitios inhabituales de diseminación. En este examen existe la posibilidad de identificar con precisión la localización de las lesiones mediante la TC complementaria, lo que permite efectuar posteriormente el estudio dirigido.

The project is conducted by the VibrioSea consortiumincluding the following institutions and leading researchers: CNES(Murielle Lafaye), MEDIAS (Jean Pierre Lacaux), CLS (JacquesStump) and IFREMER (Dominique Hervio-Hearth) from France,University of Verona (Maria del Mar Lleò), University of Genova(Carla Pruzzo) and ISMAR-CNR Venezia (Giorgio Socal) from Italyand the Institut Pasteur from Paris (Marie Laure Quilici), Morocco(Nozha Cohen), Algeria (Fouzia Mouffok) and Tunisia (Ridha BenAissa).; International audience; We carried out a 16-month in situ study to investigate the ecology of Vibrio spp. and pathogenic Vibrio species in coastal sediments of the Mediterranean Sea, employing multiple-regression analysis to reveal the major environmental factors controlling their occurrence in the benthic environment. In addition, association between vibrios and sediment-inhabiting meiofauna, which is a major component of benthic ecosystems, was investigated. Cultur-able and total Vibrio spp. estimates by most-probable-number technique coupled with standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR methods, respectively, were at least one order of magnitude higher in sediment than in seawater. In addition, potential human pathogenic species Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus occurred in the sediment with V. parahaemolyticus being the most frequently found. In the pelagic environment, 60% of total variance in culturable Vibrio data was explained by sea surface temperature (40%), salinity (13%) and organic matter concentration (7%). In the benthic environment, sea surface temperature was the only factor that significantly affected culturable Vibrio occurrence although it explained only 25% of total variance, suggesting that additional unexplored factors may play a role as well. No correlation was found between culturable Vibrio spp. concentrations and the abundance of harpacticoid copepods in the sediment whilst a negative correlation was found between Vibrio spp. and nematode abundance which accounted for almost 90% of the total meiofaunal density. Taxonomic analysis revealed that selective bacterial feeders accounted for nearly 50% of the total nematode community and included genera such as Terschellingia, Molgolaimus and Halalaimus, suggesting that top-down control by nematode grazing may be an important factor affecting Vibrio occurrence in these sediments. It is concluded that the benthic marine environment may function as a reservoir of Vibrio spp. and potential pathogenic vibrios whose ecological features appeared substantially different from the ones recognised in the pelagic environment.

Marine bacteria have been increasingly investigated in the last years but our knowledge of microbial communities and activities distribution in bathypelagic waters is ultil non satisfying. This short paper reports the first results of a large scale research on microbial distribution in a wide pelagic area of central-eastern Mediterranean sea, carried out in November 2004 form south-west of Crete to the western boundary of Sicily straits by a composite research group. New studies on the hydrology of this basin showed a very high variability on water masses distribution if compared to classical knowledge and bacteria could be play the role of marker to know the history of a water body.