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Background Sexuality research on the sexual practices of women who have sex with women (WSW) has thus far mostly centered on risk factors and addressed a limited number of practices, with a focus on oral sex and insertive vaginal sex.Aim This study arises from the need to fill such a significant gap, which prevents researchers, clinicians, and policy makers from being adequately up-to-date on the sexual habits and tendencies of this population.Methods A multiple-choice questionnaire was completed by 723 WSW with a mean (SD) age of 29.14 (6.94) years.Outcomes The survey included closed questions on sexual practices, including genital and oral sex, but also nongenital sexual contact (petting and intercrural sex), anal sex, and kinky practices.Results The most common sexual practices were self-masturbation (99.03%), oral sex (performed or received, 98.20%), and insertive genital sex (performed or received, 89.07%). Half of our sample had tried kinky practices at least once in a lifetime (51.31%). Respondents tended to experiment sexually more with stable partners rather than with casual ones. Comparisons among practices in the lesbian and bisexual population are presented.Clinical Implications Providers should be aware that sexual orientations have their own specificities, including sexuality and practices, which should increase their knowledge and comfort in working with sexual minorities.Strengths and Limitations The novel topic of the study addresses the gap in sexuality research among WSW. Strengths include the sex-positive approach, the inclusion of an array of sexual practices, and the consideration of the specificities of the group. Limitations in the generalization of the results are the cross-sectional design and the explicit topic, which may have kept some persons from responding.Conclusion We propose the framing of sex as going beyond genital contact, and we invite clinicians and researchers who come into contact with WSW to be aware that sexual orientation

Masculinities are defined as the repository of cultural and personal meanings attributed to men and boys. According to literature, masculinity ideals have an impact on how men behave. The present study aims at investigating how emerging adults interpret the concept of masculinity and embody and enact it. We were interested in understanding whether trans masculine and cisgender emerging adults conceptualized masculinity differently or similarly and whether they adopted different or similar strategies to act it out. To this aim, we conducted 6 focus groups with trans masculine (N = 16) and cisgender (N = 15) young adults. During the focus groups, participants discussed their concept of masculinity and how they embody and perform masculinity. Results showed that both groups identified social and bodily aspects in their conceptualization of masculinity. Although to varying extents, emerging adults were able to identify the limits of traditional models of masculinity. In both groups, markers for being recognized and affirming masculinity were found at both the bodily and social levels. Some peculiarities of the trans experience involve recognition of the privilege associated with masculinity, medicalized transition in order to achieve certain masculine markers, and a shift in perspective following social recognition of masculine identity.

IntroductionNavigating fertility preservation poses unique challenges for young transgender and gender expansive (TGE) youths, who must balance short-term concerns like delaying gender-affirming hormonal treatment (GAHT) with long-term considerations of potential infertility. Parents play a crucial role in supporting their TGE children through their gender affirmation journey, which includes discussions about fertility preservation.AimThis study aimed to explore parental feelings and attitudes toward the fertility preservation of their TGE children, acknowledging the diverse perspectives shaped by societal, legal, and personal factors.MethodsThe study involved 82 parents who completed an online-distributed questionnaire. Participants were parents of TGE youths aged between six and twenty-five years old. The mixed-methods study utilized a tailored questionnaire comprising both open-ended and closed-ended questions.ResultsDescriptive analysis revealed that a significant majority of parents were aware of the effects of GAHT on fertility, with 65.3% expressing a desire for their children to have their own children in the future. However, parents shared that only 14.5% of children underwent a fertility preservation pathway, while 68.1% did not, citing barriers such as lack of services, cost, and procedural distress. Qualitative analysis identified four main themes: (1) Emotional response, (2) Parental expectations, (3) Parent-Child relationship, and (4) Structural barriers.DiscussionOverall, the study underscores the multifaceted nature of parental experiences regarding fertility preservation for TGE individuals, emphasizing the importance of addressing societal norms, personal expectations, and structural barriers to ensure equitable access to reproductive healthcare services.

Background: Minority stress has traditionally been explored at the individual level, particularly among LGBTQ+ populations. However, the experiences of couple-level minority stress in trans-inclusive relationships, where at least one partner is transgender, are underexplored. This study seeks to understand the unique stressors and coping mechanisms within these relationships, considering the compounded stress from multiple marginalized identities. Methods: A qualitative approach was used, involving semi-structured interviews with 10 Italian trans-inclusive couples. Participants were invited to participate from November 2021 to July 2022. Data were analyzed through template analysis as a qualitative approach to thematic analysis, identifying stress levels and themes. The coding process was iterative, involving multiple rounds to refine themes and sub-themes. Results: Ten themes were identified and organized into four levels of analysis: 1) Systemic level, encompassing perceived safety, social representation, and legal and social disparities; 2) Familial level, comprising experiences of discrimination, devaluation of relationship identity, and emotional impact; 3) Social interaction level, involving microaggressions and social exclusion; and 4) Intra-couple level, exploring shared stress and comparative couple-image. Discussion: The findings highlight that trans-inclusive couples experience a complex interplay of stressors at multiple levels, which are influenced by both external perceptions and internal dynamics. Understanding these stressors is crucial for developing supportive interventions that address the unique needs of these couples. The study emphasizes the importance of considering intersectionality in minority stress research to capture the diverse experiences within trans-inclusive relationships.

Introduction The present study explores the influence of role models on the development of masculinity among emerging adults, specifically focusing on how Italian transgender and cisgender young men draw inspiration from role models to shape their own identities. Methods We conducted six focus groups with 16 trans masculine and 15 cisgender emerging adults. We transcribed and analyzed the discussions using a specific qualitative analysis framework for focus groups. Results Both groups identified family members and individuals from the entertainment industry as sources of inspiration for masculinity. Cisgender participants mentioned more role models from the sport industry, whereas trans participants mentioned more social media influencers. Cisgender participants also identified role models embodying traditional masculinity traits, whereas both groups created “anti-models” representing characteristics they rejected in their ideals of masculinity. Conclusions The study reveals differences in the sources of inspiration and the construction of masculine identities between the two groups. We suggest integrating Todd et al.’s (2022) model for the evolution of transgender masculine identities, taking into account the subtle distinctions rooted in gender socialization and identity.

Purpose of Review: This narrative review aims to explore the intersection of transgender and non-binary (TNB) sexuality with sex technology (sex tech), focusing on recent literature. The review is based on the analysis of 19 articles, including 6 specific to the TNB population and 13 that do not exclusively focus on this group. We sought to investigate how TNB individuals engage with various forms of sex tech, including pornography, sex dolls, sex robots, dating apps, sex toys, and virtual reality sex. We also aim to briefly delve into the representation of trans bodies and sexualities within the realm of sex tech. Recent Findings: Recent research highlights the complexity of TNB individuals' engagement with sex tech. Studies indicate a growing interest in trans pornography, the prevalence of sex toy usage among TNB populations, and the emergence of dating apps specifically catering to TNB individuals. However, there remains a lack of empirical evidence regarding the experiences of TNB individuals with sex dolls, sex robots, and virtual reality sex. Summary: Our examination underscores the need for more inclusive research on TNB sexuality within the sex tech discourse. While we have gained some insights, there are still gaps, especially in understanding how emerging technologies impact TNB individuals. Future research should prioritize exploring the motivations, experiences, and effects of sex tech on TNB individuals, while also ensuring ethical considerations and promoting diversity and inclusion in technological design and representation.

Introduction: The present study aimed to explore the concerns felt by Italian transgender and bisexual+ individuals following the block of the Zan Bill by the Senate, a law against hate crimes based on sex, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, and disability. Methods: The study was conducted online from December 2021 to March 2022. A qualitative investigation of participants’ answers to the following open-ended question was conducted: “What potential concerns rose in you or were reinforced as a result of the Zan Bill’s block?” The total sample included 201 Italian individuals (137 bisexual+ and 64 transgender). Coding reliability thematic analysis of participants’ responses was conducted. Results: Through a coding reliability thematic analysis, the authors generated three overarching themes, which can be divided into eight subthemes. The three overarching themes were as follows: (1) concerns for personal safety, i.e., concerns related to expectations of discrimination, physical or psychological violence in various life circumstances, or decreased well-being; (2) concerns about the safety of loved ones or other LGBTQIA+ individuals, women+, and people with disabilities; and (3) concerns about the rule of law in Italy, i.e., concerns related to future sociopolitical scenarios in Italy for bisexual+ and transgender people rights. Themes related to concerns raised among Italian transgender and bisexual+ people have been discussed by adopting the networked model of ecological systems theory. Conclusions: The block of the Zan Bill raised or reinforced concerns at the individual, family, organizational, and systemic-institutional levels. Policy Implications: The development of policies in favor and support of Italian bisexual+ and transgender people would increase their well-being.

Introduction: Stereotypes around sex and gender have played an important role in shaping experiences of discrimination and social injustice for trans individuals. In addition, trans identities have been historically associated with sexual deviance and pathology in the psychomedical literature. In the present study, we investigated stereotypes associated with trans people’s sexuality. Methods: We recruited 297 transmasculine and nonbinary individuals for an online study. In an open-ended question, participants were asked to describe stereotypes they have encountered regarding the sex lives of trans people they felt were inaccurate. Results: Thematic analysis revealed four overarching themes: (1) deviance; (2) discomfort with trans sexuality as stigmatizing; (3) stereotypes based on gender; and (4) absence of stereotyping. Conclusion: Results highlight the ways trans sexuality is exoticized. Findings also underscore that sexual stereotyping of trans individuals is, at times, based on assigned sex and, at other times, based on gender identity. Policy Implications: Stereotypes, particularly those related to sexuality, may seem harmless, but they can have far-reaching consequences on interpersonal relationships and societal systems. Challenging stereotypes in policies and social environments is crucial for promoting inclusivity and community welfare.

This study investigates the relationship between sexual quality of life (SQoL) and internalized homonegativity among Italian lesbian and bisexual cisgender women, drawing on the minority stress model. The aim of this study is to compare levels of internalized homonegativity and SQoL between the two groups, exploring the association between these variables. We used a quantitative methodology based on a questionnaire. The data were collected through an online questionnaire from 686 women, including 217 lesbians and 469 bisexuals, using the Lesbian Internalized Homophobia Scale and the Female-Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire. Statistical analyses, including t-tests and linear regression, were performed to assess group differences and predictors of SQoL. The findings support the hypothesis that bisexual women may experience higher levels of internalized homonegativity. Additionally, the study reveals disparities in SQoL, with lesbian women reporting better outcomes. The linear regression model confirmed a significant negative association between internalized homonegativity and SQoL. The results highlight the need for further research on factors influencing sexual well-being in sexual minority women, and the need to give thorough attention to specific sexual identities in clinical and research practice.

The present study explores the use of sex toys among transgender and nonbinary Italian participants. Employing a mixed-methods approach, we aimed to understand the role of sex toys in trans and nonbinary individuals’ intimate experiences. We recruited 115 participants with diverse gender identities and sexual orientations. Participants completed a structured questionnaire encompassing both closed-ended and open-ended questions, investigating their usage of sex toys, preferences, and perceptions. Our findings reveal a significant prevalence of sex toy usage within the sample, indicating an interest in these aids. Notably, a wide spectrum of sex toys was employed, with external/internal vibrators and strap-ons emerging as particularly popular choices. Through qualitative analysis, participants provided nuanced insights into their preferences, emphasizing characteristics such as aesthetics, functionality, customization, and comfort. However, our study also unveiled the complex interplay between sex toys and societal norms. For instance, participants critically discussed the limited availability of sex toys tailored for diverse bodies. For transgender and nonbinary participants, sex toys assumed a unique significance beyond pleasure; they served as tools for overcoming body dysphoria, letting go of inhibitions, and affirming their gender identity.

L'obiettivo di questa tesi è esaminare in modo approfondito i fattori psicologici e sociali che contribuiscono alle disparità di salute tra le persone appartenenti a minoranze sessuali e di genere. Gli argomenti trattati provengono da un'ampia gamma di discipline accademiche, tra cui psicologia clinica e sociale, sociologia, antropologia, salute pubblica, psicologia evoluzionistica, politica e studi medici e neuroscientifici. Affrontare il tema dell'identità e della salute implica affrontare la complessità. Esaminare l'intricato rapporto tra identità e salute richiede un'approfondita esplorazione dei molteplici fattori che influenzano un particolare fenomeno o comportamento. Di conseguenza, questa tesi analizza una moltitudine di argomenti correlati, come l'identità sessuale e di genere, lo stigma, lo stress sociale, la salute mentale e fisica, il benessere, i contesti socio-ecologici, le relazioni, i diritti e le dinamiche politiche. La tesi è strutturata in tre parti principali, ognuna ulteriormente suddivisa in sezioni e sottosezioni. Parte I: Processi sociali e psicologici, disparità nella salute e diritti tra le minoranze sessuali e di genere La Parte I mira a fornire una comprensione graduale e completa delle fondamenta teoriche su cui si basa la ricerca sulle disparità di salute delle minoranze sessuali e di genere. Inizia offrendo una panoramica dei concetti fondamentali riguardanti chi sono le minoranze sessuali e di genere (§1-2). Vengono introdotti e esaminati concetti chiave come lo stigma (§3) e lo stress (§4) nel contesto di come si combinino per formare una forma unica di stress nota come minority stress. Viene ripercorso lo sviluppo storico della Minority Stress Theory e la sua applicazione alla salute e al benessere delle minoranze sessuali e di genere (§5). Inoltre, la Parte I esplora il concetto di stigma strutturale (§6) e ne investiga il legame con il minority stress nelle minoranze sessuali e di genere. Si esamina anche il ruolo delle, The aim of this dissertation is to comprehensively examine the psychological and social factors that contribute to health disparities among sexual and gender minority individuals. The topics investigated draw from a diverse range of academic disciplines, including clinical and social psychology, sociology, anthropology, public health, evolutionary psychology, politics, and medical and neuroscientific studies. Indeed, dealing with identity and health implies dealing with complexity. Addressing the intricate interplay between identity and health requires an in-depth exploration of the multiple elements that influence a particular phenomenon or behavior. Accordingly, this thesis will explore a multitude of interrelated topics, such as sexual and gender identity, stigma, social stress, mental and physical health, well-being, socio-ecological contexts, relationships, rights, and political dynamics. The thesis is structured into three main parts, each further divided into sections and subsections. Part I: Social and psychological processes, health disparities and rights among sexual and gender minority people Part I aims to provide a gradual and comprehensive understanding of the theoretical foundation that underpins research on health disparities among sexual and gender minorities. It begins by offering an overview of the fundamental concepts pertaining to who sexual and gender minority individuals are (§1-2). Key concepts like stigma (§3) and stress (§4) are introduced and examined in the context of how they combine to form a unique form of stress referred to as minority stress. The historical development of the Minority Stress Theory and its application to the health and well-being of sexual and gender minority populations is traced (§5). Additionally, Part I explores the concept of structural stigma (§6) and investigates its connection to minority stress among sexual and gender minorities. The role of policy and legislation in defining structural stigma is also explor