Search

La necessitat de superar les tipologies tradicionals s'ha posat de manifest en els últims anys arran del plantejament de noves problemàtiques arqueològiques que requereixen analitzar la ceràmica com una eina. L'estudi funcional dels conjunts ceràmics, no obstant això, ha de resoldre el problema de la relació entre formes ceràmiques concretes, mides, mòduls i funcions precises, i avaluar la possibilitat de determinar aquestes a través de l'arqueologia. Fins ara, la falta d'una metodologia sistemàtica i de pautes per a la seva aplicació a conjunts reals han estat els principals esculls. L'objectiu d'aquest treball és respondre a aquest desafiament proposant una seqüència metodològica que implica un enfocament global de la funcionalitat de la ceràmica protohistòrica, capaç d'oferir una alta potencialitat interpretativa. Lluny de constituir un exercici teòric, aquesta proposta inclou un esquema d'aplicació a diferents conjunts procedents del Castro de Capote (Higuera la Real, Badajoz), aixi com una perspectiva sobre les implicacions d'aquest tipus d’anàlisis en l’ investigació arqueològica., The need to overcome traditional typologies has become evident in the last few years due to the rising of new archaeological issues that require analyzing pottery as a tool. The study of function in pottery assemblages, however, must solve the problem regarding the relationship between specific forms, sizes, modules and precise functions; and evaluate the possibility of determining such functions through archaeological studies. Until now, the lack of a systematic method and guidelines to apply it have been the main obstacles. The aim of this paper is to respond to this challenge by proposing a methodological sequence that implies a global approach to the function of protohistorical pottery, offering a high interpretative potential. Far from being a theoretical exercise, this proposal includes a scheme of application on different pottery assemblages from Castro de Capote (Higuera la Real, Badajoz), as well as a perspective of the implication of this kind of analysis in archaeological research., La necesidad de superar las tipologías tradicionales se ha puesto de manifiesto en los últimos años a raíz del planteamiento de nuevas problemáticas arqueológicas que requieren analizar la cerámica como una herramienta. El estudio funcional de los conjuntos cerámicos, no obstante, debe resolver el problema de la relación entre formas cerámicas concretas, tamaños, módulos y funciones precisas, y evaluar la posibilidad de determinar éstas a través de la arqueología. Hasta ahora, la falta de una metodología sistemática y de pautas para su aplicación a conjuntos reales han sido los principales escollos. El objetivo de este trabajo es responder a este desafío proponiendo una secuencia metodológica que implica un enfoque global de la funcionalidad de la cerámica protohistórica, capaz de ofrecer una alta potencialidad interpretativa. Lejos de constituir un ejercicio teórico, esta propuesta incluye un esquema de aplicación a diferentes conjuntos procedentes del Castro de Capote (Higuera la Real, Badajoz), así como una perspectiva sobre las implicaciones de este tipo de análisis en la investigación arqueológica.

The evidence for submerged prehistoric remains and landscapes in the Belgian sector of the North Sea is scarce. The majority of finds dredged and trawled from the seafloor consists of palaeontological material, notably mammalian bone remains, dating from the Early and Late Pleistocene, and possibly the Holocene. Scarce palaeontological and archaeological finds come from the intertidal zone. The available data are rather limited and strikingly sparse compared to neighbouring countries, yet it is steadily growing since the SeArch project. Recent investigations of an area with exceptionally high concentrations of Late Pleistocene and Palaeogene bone finds in the ‘Scheur’ illustrates this development and offers a promising avenue for future research. Growing awareness among a broader public is similarly resulting in an increase in reported chance finds, mainly from beaches. In due course, these growing numbers will hopefully allow quantitative support for certain hypotheses.

Dans l’architecture protohistorique à poteaux plantés, il a toujours été considéré que la ferme ne pouvait exister avant l’époque gallo-romaine et que les constructions à poteaux axiaux correspondaient à des structures à poteaux faîtiers. Toutefois, en prenant en compte l’historiographie, le contexte dans lequel ces idées ont émergé, et surtout en confrontant ces théories aux réalités du levage, aux comparaisons avec les charpentes existantes, à l’ethnoarchéologie, à un autre mode de lecture des plans au sol et à l’analyse du fonctionnement mécanique des charpentes, il s’avère que les structures à chevrons-formant-fermes ont très vraisemblablement existé durant la Protohistoire, et même dès le Néolithique, et que les poteaux centraux pour les bâtiments de moyenne et grande portée n’étaient pas nécessairement des poteaux faîtiers mais plutôt des éléments de soutien de plancher. In the protohistoric architecture with planted posts, it has always been considered that the farm could not exist before the Gallo-Roman period and that the axial post remains correspond to structures with high poles. However, taking into account historiography, the context in which these ideas emerged, and especially by comparing these theories to the realities of lifting, comparisons with existing frameworks, ethnoarchaeology, a new interpretation of the preserved layouts and the analysis of the mechanical functioning of the frameworks, it turns out that the chevron-forming-farm structures most likely existed during Protohistory, and even from the Neolithic, and that the central poles found in average or large buildings were not necessarily ridge poles but rather floor support elements.

Past sheep and goat husbandry can be analyzed using various approaches in zooarchaeology. However, with classical osteometric studies, some limitations are generally reached for describing more precisely the phenotypical patterns of the animal breeds. In order to better understand the evolution of pastoral economies in the Bronze and Iron Age Provence (southern France) which underwent a number of economic and socio-political changes at the regional and local scales such as the emergence of complex societies, the development of colonial settlements and later the impact of Romanization, our research focuses on the characterization of the small livestock diversity exploited during this period. For this purpose, we developed a 3D geometric morphometric (GMM) approach based on the analysis of two sheep and goat postcranial bones, the humerus and the astragalus. For this comparative study, a total sample of 50 modern and 150 archaeological specimens have been collected and recorded in 3D models. The GMM and statistical analyses were performed on landmarks and curves using ‘3DReshaper’ and ‘R’ software. The results are finally compared with those obtained from osteometric studies based on standard and additional bone measurements to test and assess the degree of reliability and efficiency for discriminating different animal populations.

Northland has completed a Class III cultural resources survey and records check of 11 areas within the NGS and ADA totaling 246.36 acres. In addition, the Ash Haul Road between the NGS and ADA was surveyed. This road is 1.13 miles long and includes 24.75 acres. The total survey area is 271.11 acres. The project area is comprised of land on the Navajo Nation that is administered by SRP in Coconino County, Arizona. The survey was undertaken for SRP prior to planned decommissioning of the NGS. The results of the records check revealed that the NGS and ADA were previously surveyed (Pilles 1969). As a result, five sites (Table 1) were identified within the ADA. Data recovery (Mueller and Fiero 1971) was subsequently conducted at four of the five sites. All of these sites were destroyed by construction and use of the ADA. NA10,744 is located within the current area of investigation. The site no longer exists; three historical cans were recorded near the location of NA10,744, but no other evidence of the site was observed.

SRP requested that Logan Simpson conduct an intensive cultural resources survey of a 72.4-mile-long and 200-ft-wide (1,755-acre) segment of the SRP Coronado to Silverking 500-kV transmission line within the TNF and private land. This survey was requested for general inventory purposes and also in advance of proposed vegetation-maintenance activities within the project corridor. In addition, SRP may conduct maintenance or construction projects within the limits of the project corridor. Vegetation maintenance will be performed with mechanical mowing equipment, mounted on a track hoe or a rubber-tired frontend loader, and by hand-cutting using chain saws. All vegetation removal activities will be confined to the 200-ft-wide corridor with the exception of possible hazard tree removal, which would be accomplished using hand-cutting with chain saws only. Any disturbances that cannot be confined to the project corridor would be covered by a separate cultural resources survey once such areas are identified.

Past Peoples Consulting, LLC, was requested by Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District (SRP) to complete a pedestrian survey to identify and evaluate cultural resources at two facilities in northern Arizona. One survey parcel was within the boundary of the Navajo Generating Station near Page and the second parcel was within the fenced boundary of the SRP/Peabody Western Coal Company (PWCC) Coal Loading Station near Kayenta. Fieldwork took place between March 26 and 30, 2017. The survey documented four previously unknown sites and reevaluated eight previously documented sites; one previously recorded site was not relocated. This report presents the results of the field survey, descriptions of all sites, and management recommendations for SRP.

There are quite many articles and monographs dedicated to terracotta lamps in Gaul and Roman Empire. Since the pioneer work done by S. Loeschcke (1919), we have been developing till today, abetter understanding of the lamps that have appeared between the post-republican to the Early Roman empire period. But very often, due to the various shapes and decorated medallions, the lamps are only considered as museum or educational items, because they represent the ultimate lighting mode during Antiquity. In archeology, they are used as a dating tool as well as the terra sigillata or the antique coins.However, we usually forget that the terracotta lamp is a manufactured product issued from the human work and therefore, is able to provide invaluable information on antique craft industry. Through their study, we are able to understand how the Gallo-roman potters have been adapting themselves to the manufacturing of a product they did not know, to new technical challenges and new processes. Also, thanks to the analysis of the technical aspects of the lamp itself we can track the products belonging to the same potters’ workshop as well as we can map the distributed market areas at various scales (regional, country-wide). Finally, the adoption by the local people of this lighting mode that is typically Mediterranean is a clear sign of Romanization, especially through the funeraland religious practices. This innovating study is focusing on these issues within a defined area, the East Central Gaul. The results have enabled the identification of several workshops and their distribution network during the different chronological phases from 1st century BC to 4th century AD and have also opened adevelopment on the way of consuming the terracotta lamps during this period; Les études dédiées aux lampes en terre cuite en Gaule et dans l’Empire romain sont relativement abondantes. Depuis le travail fondateur de S. Loeschcke (1919), nous avons aujourd’hui une idée relativement précise des différents modèles qui sont apparus entre la période tardo-républicaine et la fin du Haut-Empire. Toutefois, le luminaire est avant tout considéré, de par la multitude des formes et des décors, comme un objet muséographique ou pédagogique car il représente le mode d’éclairage par excellence de l’Antiquité. En archéologie, il sert de moyen de datation au même titre que la terre sigillée ou les monnaies. Mais on oublie trop souvent que la lampe en terre cuite est d’abord un objet manufacturé, fruit de l’industrie humaine. À cet effet, elle peut fournir de précieuses informations sur l’artisanat antique et plus particulièrement, sur la manière dont les potiers ont réussi à produire un objet qui leur était étranger, sur les problèmes qu’ils ont rencontrés et les solutions qu’ils ont appliquées. L’étude des caractéristiques techniques d’une lampe permet aujourd’hui de tracer la production d’un atelier spécifique et en même temps, grâce à des cartes, d’en définir l’aire de diffusion à différentes échelles spatiales (région, pays). Enfin, l’adoption de cet éclairage artificiel, typiquement méditerranéen, parles populations indigènes, est l’un des facteurs de romanisation que l’on perçoit, le plus souvent, à travers les pratiques funéraires et cultuelles.Ce travail de recherche, novateur, permet de revenir sur ces différentes problématiques dans un espace confiné au Centre-Est de la Gaule. Les résultats obtenus nous ont permis d’identifier différentes entités productrices et leurs réseaux de distribution au cours de diverses phases chronologiques comprises entre le Ier s. av. J.-C. et le IVe s. apr. J.-C. et qu’accompagne une réflexion sur la consommation des lampes en terre cuite durant cette période.

There are quite many articles and monographs dedicated to terracotta lamps in Gaul and Roman Empire. Since the pioneer work done by S. Loeschcke (1919), we have been developing till today, abetter understanding of the lamps that have appeared between the post-republican to the Early Roman empire period. But very often, due to the various shapes and decorated medallions, the lamps are only considered as museum or educational items, because they represent the ultimate lighting mode during Antiquity. In archeology, they are used as a dating tool as well as the terra sigillata or the antique coins.However, we usually forget that the terracotta lamp is a manufactured product issued from the human work and therefore, is able to provide invaluable information on antique craft industry. Through their study, we are able to understand how the Gallo-roman potters have been adapting themselves to the manufacturing of a product they did not know, to new technical challenges and new processes. Also, thanks to the analysis of the technical aspects of the lamp itself we can track the products belonging to the same potters’ workshop as well as we can map the distributed market areas at various scales (regional, country-wide). Finally, the adoption by the local people of this lighting mode that is typically Mediterranean is a clear sign of Romanization, especially through the funeraland religious practices. This innovating study is focusing on these issues within a defined area, the East Central Gaul. The results have enabled the identification of several workshops and their distribution network during the different chronological phases from 1st century BC to 4th century AD and have also opened adevelopment on the way of consuming the terracotta lamps during this period; Les études dédiées aux lampes en terre cuite en Gaule et dans l’Empire romain sont relativement abondantes. Depuis le travail fondateur de S. Loeschcke (1919), nous avons aujourd’hui une idée relativement précise des différents modèles qui sont apparus entre la période tardo-républicaine et la fin du Haut-Empire. Toutefois, le luminaire est avant tout considéré, de par la multitude des formes et des décors, comme un objet muséographique ou pédagogique car il représente le mode d’éclairage par excellence de l’Antiquité. En archéologie, il sert de moyen de datation au même titre que la terre sigillée ou les monnaies. Mais on oublie trop souvent que la lampe en terre cuite est d’abord un objet manufacturé, fruit de l’industrie humaine. À cet effet, elle peut fournir de précieuses informations sur l’artisanat antique et plus particulièrement, sur la manière dont les potiers ont réussi à produire un objet qui leur était étranger, sur les problèmes qu’ils ont rencontrés et les solutions qu’ils ont appliquées. L’étude des caractéristiques techniques d’une lampe permet aujourd’hui de tracer la production d’un atelier spécifique et en même temps, grâce à des cartes, d’en définir l’aire de diffusion à différentes échelles spatiales (région, pays). Enfin, l’adoption de cet éclairage artificiel, typiquement méditerranéen, parles populations indigènes, est l’un des facteurs de romanisation que l’on perçoit, le plus souvent, à travers les pratiques funéraires et cultuelles.Ce travail de recherche, novateur, permet de revenir sur ces différentes problématiques dans un espace confiné au Centre-Est de la Gaule. Les résultats obtenus nous ont permis d’identifier différentes entités productrices et leurs réseaux de distribution au cours de diverses phases chronologiques comprises entre le Ier s. av. J.-C. et le IVe s. apr. J.-C. et qu’accompagne une réflexion sur la consommation des lampes en terre cuite durant cette période.

The focus of this paper is an analysis of Phoenician anthropomorphic sarcophagi located in the ancient territory of the Phoenician necropolis site of Amrit (Syria) through exhaustive archaeological contextualization of each sarcophagus. Our goal is to raise awareness of the need to bring scant documentation of findings from previous centuries into a condition more consistent with current historical-archaeological contexts. We begin with findings documented in the nineteenth century and map the evolution of the changing approach of studies related to these enigmatic funerary objects. This will allow us to propose possible reasons for and causes of the treatment of these funerary containers more as artwork than archeologically significant objects. These sarcophagi will also be examined in order to establish their socio-ideological significance.

In accordance with the provisions of the 2004 Arizona Water Settlement Act, the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) is assisting the Tohono O’odham Nation’s (Nation) San Xavier District’s (District) Farm Cooperative (CoOp) in developing new farm land along both sides of Interstate 19 located south of the existing CoOp fields. Previous investigations in the area included a survey in the mid-1980s by Cultural and Environmental Systems (Heuett 1987b) and survey and testing completed by Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. in 1999 (Glass 2001), 2005 (Schilling et al. 2005; Stokes and Schilling 2007a), and most recently during the 2011–2012 field season (Schilling et al. 2012). The focus of this project was to conduct supplemental Class III archaeological survey on additional portions of land related to the farm extension, including linkage and distribution pipelines, areas for bank stabilization along the Santa Cruz River, well pads, access roads, and staging areas and develop a treatment plan for mitigation of eligible properties that will be adversely effected by the CoOp farm extension. Fifteen archaeological sites were identified during survey, 11 of which had been previously recorded and 4 of which were newly identified. Two archaeological sites were not relocated. Coupled with the results of the previous inventory of the CoOp farm extension footprint, 46 sites were identified within the entire project area, 15 of which were determined eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), 17 of which were determined not eligible for inclusion in the NRHP, and 14 of which determined to require further investigations to evaluate NRHP eligibility. The historic properties treatment plan recommended a mixture of avoidance, monitoring, and Phase 1 data recovery to mitigate adverse effects to historic properties as well as avoidance or eligibility testing for those sites whose NRHP eligibility was unknown.

On July 1, 2014, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) granted Sierrita Gas Pipeline LLC (Sierrita) notice to proceed with the construction of the Sierrita Pipeline Project (the Project), a new natural gas pipeline and appurtenant facilities in Pima County, Arizona, that deliver natural gas from El Paso Natural Gas Company’s existing pipeline system southwest of Tucson to an interconnect point at the U.S.-Mexico border near the town of Sasabe. Concurrent with the construction of the Project was the implementation of a Historic Properties Treatment Plan (HPTP) (Hesse 2014a) for the 25 historic properties (i.e., cultural properties eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places [NRHP]) that had been identified in or within 50 feet of the Project area of potential effects (APE). Some form of treatment was proposed for all of the historic properties to avoid and minimize the Project’s effects on eligible properties, and to mitigate the adverse effects on eligible properties where avoidance was not feasible. Treatment techniques designed to avoid and/or minimize effects included necking the width of the construction corridor, fencing, construction of the pipeline by boring and installing it beneath sites, construction monitoring, and the implementation of construction safeguards along access roads through sites (“road treatment”). Treatment designed to mitigate adverse effects where avoidance was not feasible involved data recovery excavation. Tribal monitors from the San Xavier District of the Tohono O’odham Nation assisted archaeological monitors in the implementation of the HPTP. Unanticipated discoveries during the Project led to the documentation of four new archaeological sites and an extension of the boundaries of a previously recorded archaeological site (AZ DD:6:80 [ASM]) within the APE. The four sites were all determined NRHP eligible and added to the list of sites requiring some form of treatment. The pipeline was placed in service on October 31, 2014. Monitoring of cleanup and restoration activities along the pipeline right-of-way (ROW) continued until November 6, 2014. Protective fencing along access roads on U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge (BANWR) was removed on February 26, 2015, following the completion of road restoration activities. This second volume of the results of implementing the Sierrita Pipeline Project HPTP contains the results of data recovery investigations conducted at nine archaeological sites where avoidance was not feasible. The first volume discusses the archaeological monitoring that occurred during project construction.

Nellis Air Force Base (NAFB) has proposed construction of a borrow pit and associated infrastructure elements within Range 61 (R61) on Nevada Test and Training Range (NTTR), Lincoln County, Nevada. Associated elements will include two access roads and two staging areas. Figure 1 Illustrates the extent of the area of potential effects (APE).

Late prehistoric to Protohistoric (ca. A.D. 1200 - 1700) agricultural settlement in the Black Prairie uplands of Mississippi may have been enabled by "seep springs," water features fed by groundwater discharge in certain geological settings. Ceramic seriation and GIS analysis of archaeological site location shows that over time, sites clustered around areas most likely to have supported springs, a finding supported by the presence of specimens of a moist-ground snail genus at a number of sites. These data indicate that Native settlement in the Oktibbeha County area was influenced by the presence of seep springs

The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) canal main stem based on Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Logan Simpson Design, Inc. was asked to relocate and record 5 sites that had been identified along the Hayden-Rhodes Aqueduct (formerly the Granite Reef Aqueduct) of the CAP system. All 5 sites were relocated between mile markers 44 and 73 within La Paz County. The combined site areas within the CAP ROW total 1,330 acres. Logan Simpson has consolidated AZ S:7:13(ASU), AZ S:7:2(ASM), AZ S:7:3(ASM), and AZ S:7:4(ASM) into a single site, designated AZ S:7:87(ASM). AZ S:7:87(ASM) was previously recommended eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. Logan Simpson recommends that Feature 1 and Loci B, C, and D contribute to the site's eligibility; however, the remainder of the site within the ROW, including the previously excavated Locus A, does not contribute to the site’s overall eligibility. AZ S:5:50(ASM) was previously recommended eligible for inclusion in the NRHP, but the portion within the CAP ROW is non-contributing to the site’s overall eligibility.

Review of: Hoque, M. M.(2002) 'Prehistoric and Protohistoric Settlement Pattern of Bengal Delta'. Dhaka: Ankur Prakashani.108 pages, Figures 13, Tables 28. Price: Hard cover Tk. 320/US $ 10, Paperback Tk. 300/ US $ 9, ISBN 984-32-0369-0.

La sécheresse hivernale a permis au printemps 2011 de découvrir et photographier un nombre intéressant de sites protohistoriques, gallo-romains et médiévaux. Les grands sites bourguignons ont suscité une surveillance continue (Alésia, Autun, Mirebeau-sur-Bèze, Vix), permettant ainsi d’apporter des données complémentaires. Parmi les découvertes inédites, deux enceintes avec traces d’habitat au pied du Mont Lassois à Vix, une nécropole protohistorique à Vitteaux, deux grandes villae le long de la voie Lyon – Trèves et trois nouveaux habitats isolés gallo-romains plus modestes. The winter drought led to the discovery and documentation in spring 2011 of a number of protohistoric, Gallo-Roman and medieval sites. Large sites in Burgundy (Alésia, Autun, Mirebeau-sur-Bèze, Vix) have benefited from a thorough aerial survey that have provided additional data. Totally new discoveries have included traces of a Celtic occupation at the foot of Mont Lassois in Vix, a protohistoric necropolis in Vitteaux, two large villae on the Lyon–Trier road, and three new, smallish isolated Gallo-Roman settlements. Die Trockenheit des vorangegangenen Winters hat es im Frühling 2011erlaubt, mehrere frühgeschichtliche, gallo-römische und mittelalterliche Siedlungen zu entdecken und zu fotografieren. Die ständige Überwachung der großen Siedlungen der Bourgogne (Alésia, Autun, Mirebeau-sur-Bèze, Vix) lieferte neue Erkenntnisse. Zu den Entdeckungen gehören zwei Einfriedungen mit Siedlungsspuren am Fuß des Mont Lassois in Vix, eine frühgeschichtliche Nekropole in Vitteaux, zwei große villae entlang der Römerstraße Lyon–Trier sowie drei bescheidenere gallo-römische Einzelhöfe.

The U. S. Air Force (USAF) proposes to develop and use 30 new electronic system pads on the Nevada Test and Training Range (NTTR), Nye County, Nevada (Figures 1 and 2, also see project maps in Appendix A and project overview photographs in Appendix B). These pads, which average about 1.5 ha (3.7 acres) in size, wIII be used to temporarily park mobile electronic systems during test and training missions and these systems wIII be moved on and off the pads between missions. No additional utilities or utility lines will be required for any of the pads. Eleven of the proposed pads (Pads 5, 12, 13, 16, 19, 20, 21, 24, 26, 27, and 28) wIII require the construction of approximately 0.3 km (1000 ft) long access roads from the nearest existing road, but the remaining pads wIII be placed adjacent to existing roads.

International audience; The World Heritage Site of Wanar in Senegal features 21 stone circles, remarkable not least because they were erected in the twelfth and thirteenth century AD, when Islam ruled the Indian Ocean and Europe was in its Middle Ages. The state of preservation has benefited the exemplary investigation currently carried out by a French-Senegalese team, which we are pleased to report here. The site began as a burial ground to which monumental stones were added, perhaps echoing the form of original funerary houses. Found in a neighbouring field were scoops left from the cutting out of the cylindrical monoliths from surface rock. While the origins of Wanar lie in a period of state formation, the monuments are shown to have had a long ritual use. The investigation not only provides a new context for one of the most important sites in West Africa but the precise determination of the sequence and techniques used at Wanar offers key pointers for the understanding of megalithic structures everywhere.

At the request of the Bureau of Reclamation-Phoenix Area Office, ACS conducted Phase 2 data recovery at the Lake Pleasant Rockshelter site (AZ T:4:150[ASM]), Yavapai County, Arizona. Based on the results of Phase 1 investigations conducted at the site (Pinter et al. 2009), Reclamation determined that potentially significant subsurface cultural deposits were present that could provide important new data on prehistoric, protohistoric, and historic Native American and Euroamerican occupation of the general area. The proposed work plan for Phase 2 (Pinter et al. 2009) was accepted by Reclamation, and was implemented in two sessions due to inclement weather and rising lake levels. The first session occurred in January 2010, followed by a hiatus to allow the lake level to drop and the weather to cool; the second and final session occurred in late September 2010.

National audience

At the request of Ms. Homaira Parveen and Mr. Ed Checkley of the City of Phoenix Street Transportation Department (the City) and under Environmental and Safety Regulatory Consulting On-Call Contract #124947, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted archaeological monitoring, burial recovery, and Phase I data recovery for a Road Detention Basin project. The City’s project involved excavating a sloped 11-acre basin ranging from 4–7 ft deep and installing associated lighting and landscaping. Based on the Archaeological Assessment report by the City Archaeology Office, a portion of the basin overlapped part of P:5:2(GP)/AZ T:12:396(ASM), a prehistoric habitation site documented in the late 1920s by Gila Pueblo. The City Archaeology Office recommended monitoring of ground disturbance and/or testing within the site as well as areas of disturbance within 250 ft of the site. ACS conducted that archaeological monitoring between August 12, 2009 and February 3, 2010. The fieldwork was conducted under the authority of project-specific permit 2009-124ps issued by the Arizona State Museum (ASM) and the City of Phoenix blanket burial agreement. Due to the discovery of human remains, burial recovery was conducted, as well as limited archaeological testing to determine if additional human remains were present in the vicinity of the discovery. As features were encountered outside the original site boundary within the 250-ft buffer, the site boundary was extended several times to encompass these features and the buffer was expanded accordingly; this expansion ultimately resulted in monitoring of ground disturbing activities throughout the entire project area. The project area itself expanded beyond the original boundaries during the course of the project to include portions of the public park to the south of the project property and a few other linear extensions. The final project area totaled 16.59 acres.

Section 110 Survey and Evaluation of 193 Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites at Wallisville Reservoir, Chambers and Liberty Counties, Texas. Through archival research at TARL, we re-identified 192 archaeological sites within the project area, encompassing an area of 9,966 acres within the Wallisville Reservoir; this included 6,875 acres in Chambers County and 3,091 acres in Liberty County, Texas. Archaeologists were unable to reach 33 of these sites by pedestrian or boat aided access, and two sites (41CH006 and 41LB093) were not re-located and appear to be outside of Corps of Engineers property. All of the remaining 157 sites were revisited; at each, archaeologists conducted surface and subsurface (shovel testing) investigations, recorded site size, type and extent of disturbance, cultural components, artifact densities, vegetation, and potential threats to archaeological deposits. Sites were evaluated according to these criteria for eligibility for inclusion on the NRHP, according to the criteria set forth by 36 CFR Part 60.