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4. Effects of community youth teams facilitating participatory adolescent groups, youth leadership activities and livelihood promotion to improve school attendance, dietary diversity and mental health among adolescent girls in rural eastern India (JIAH trial): A cluster-randomised controlled trial

Author

Bhatia, Komal, Rath, Suchitra, Pradhan, Hemanta, Samal, Subhashree, Copas, Andrew, Gagrai, Sumitra, Rath, Shibanand, Gope, Raj Kumar, Nair, Nirmala, Tripathy, Prasanta, Rose-Clarke, Kelly, and Prost, Audrey

Published
2023
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5. Feasibility, acceptability and equity of a mobile intervention for Upscaling Participatory Action and Videos for Agriculture and Nutrition (m-UPAVAN) in rural Odisha, India

Author

Fivian, Emily, primary, Parida, Manoj, additional, Harris-Fry, Helen, additional, Mohanty, Satyanarayan, additional, Padhan, Shibanath, additional, Pradhan, Ronali, additional, Das, Pranay, additional, Odhiambo, Gladys, additional, Prost, Audrey, additional, Roopnaraine, Terry, additional, Behera, Satyaranjan, additional, James, Philip, additional, Mishra, Naba Kishor, additional, Rath, Suchitra, additional, Nair, Nirmala, additional, Rath, Shibanand, additional, Koniz-Booher, Peggy, additional, Danton, Heather, additional, Allen, Elizabeth, additional, and Kadiyala, Suneetha, additional

Published
2024
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10. Process Outcome Integration with Theory (POInT): academic report

Author

Juden, Matthew, primary, Mapuwei, Tichaona, additional, Tietz, Till, additional, Sarguta, Rachel, additional, Medina, Lily, additional, Prost, Audrey, additional, Humphreys, Macartan, additional, Jacobs, Alan, additional, Allen, Elizabeth, additional, Mwambi, Henry, additional, and Davey, Calum, additional

Published
2023
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11. Effect of nutrition-sensitive agriculture interventions with participatory videos and women's group meetings on maternal and child nutritional outcomes in rural Odisha, India (UPAVAN trial): a four-arm, observer-blind, cluster-randomised controlled trial

Author

Kadiyala, Suneetha, Harris-Fry, Helen, Pradhan, Ronali, Mohanty, Satyanarayan, Padhan, Shibanath, Rath, Suchitra, James, Philip, Fivian, Emily, Koniz-Booher, Peggy, Nair, Nirmala, Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan, Mishra, Naba Kishor, Rath, Shibanand, Beaumont, Emma, Danton, Heather, Krishnan, Sneha, Parida, Manoj, O'Hearn, Meghan, Kumar, Abhinav, Upadhyay, Avinash, Tripathy, Prasanta, Skordis, Jolene, Sturgess, Joanna, Elbourne, Diana, Prost, Audrey, and Allen, Elizabeth

Published
2021
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15. Effect of participatory women's groups and counselling through home visits on children's linear growth in rural eastern India (CARING trial): a cluster-randomised controlled trial

Author

Nair, Nirmala, Tripathy, Prasanta, Sachdev, H S, Pradhan, Hemanta, Bhattacharyya, Sanghita, Gope, Rajkumar, Gagrai, Sumitra, Rath, Shibanand, Rath, Suchitra, Sinha, Rajesh, Roy, Swati Sarbani, Shewale, Suhas, Singh, Vijay, Srivastava, Aradhana, Costello, Anthony, Copas, Andrew, Skordis-Worrall, Jolene, Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan, Saville, Naomi, and Prost, Audrey

Published
2017
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16. Economic evaluation of participatory women’s groups scaled up by the public health system to improve birth outcomes in Jharkhand, eastern India

Author

Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan, primary, Ojha, Amit, additional, Gope, Rajkumar, additional, Rath, Shibanand, additional, Pradhan, Hemanta, additional, Rath, Suchitra, additional, Kumar, Amit, additional, Nath, Vikash, additional, Basu, Parabita, additional, Copas, Andrew, additional, Houweling, Tanja A. J., additional, Minz, Akay, additional, Baskey, Pradeep, additional, Ahmed, Manir, additional, Chakravarthy, Vasudha, additional, Mahanta, Riza, additional, Palmer, Tom, additional, Skordis, Jolene, additional, Nair, Nirmala, additional, Tripathy, Prasanta, additional, and Prost, Audrey, additional

Published
2023
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17. Economic evaluation of participatory women's groups scaled up by the public health system to improve birth outcomes in Jharkhand, eastern India

Author

Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan, Ojha, Amit, Gope, Rajkumar, Rath, Shibanand, Pradhan, Hemanta, Rath, Suchitra, Kumar, Amit, Nath, Vikash, Basu, Parabita, Copas, Andrew, Houweling, Tanja A J, Minz, Akay, Baskey, Pradeep, Ahmed, Manir, Chakravarthy, Vasudha, Mahanta, Riza, Palmer, Tom, Skordis, Jolene, Nair, Nirmala, Tripathy, Prasanta, Prost, Audrey, Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan, Ojha, Amit, Gope, Rajkumar, Rath, Shibanand, Pradhan, Hemanta, Rath, Suchitra, Kumar, Amit, Nath, Vikash, Basu, Parabita, Copas, Andrew, Houweling, Tanja A J, Minz, Akay, Baskey, Pradeep, Ahmed, Manir, Chakravarthy, Vasudha, Mahanta, Riza, Palmer, Tom, Skordis, Jolene, Nair, Nirmala, Tripathy, Prasanta, and Prost, Audrey

Abstract

An estimated 2.4 million newborn infants died in 2020, 80% of them in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. To achieve the Sustainable Development Target for neonatal mortality reduction, countries with high mortality need to implement evidence-based, cost-effective interventions at scale. Our study aimed to estimate the cost, cost-effectiveness, and benefit-cost ratio of a participatory women's groups intervention scaled up by the public health system in Jharkhand, eastern India. The intervention was evaluated through a pragmatic cluster non-randomised controlled trial in six districts. We estimated the cost of the intervention at scale from a provider perspective, with a 42-month time horizon for 20 districts. We estimated costs using a combination of top-down and bottom-up approaches. All costs were adjusted for inflation, discounted at 3% per year, and converted to 2020 International Dollars (INT$). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were estimated using extrapolated effect sizes for the impact of the intervention in 20 districts, in terms of cost per neonatal deaths averted and cost per life year saved. We assessed the impact of uncertainty on results through one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. We also estimated benefit-cost ratio using a benefit transfer approach. Total intervention costs for 20 districts were INT$ 15,017,396. The intervention covered an estimated 1.6 million livebirths across 20 districts, translating to INT$ 9.4 per livebirth covered. ICERs were estimated at INT$ 1,272 per neonatal death averted or INT$ 41 per life year saved. Net benefit estimates ranged from INT$ 1,046 million to INT$ 3,254 million, and benefit-cost ratios from 71 to 218. Our study suggests that participatory women's groups scaled up by the Indian public health system were highly cost-effective in improving neonatal survival and had a very favourable return on investment. The intervention can be scaled up in similar settings within India and other co

Published
2023

18. Community mobilisation to prevent violence against women and girls in eastern India through participatory learning and action with women’s groups facilitated by accredited social health activists: a before-and-after pilot study

Author

Nair, Nirmala, Daruwalla, Nayreen, Osrin, David, Rath, Suchitra, Gagrai, Sumitra, Sahu, Rebati, Pradhan, Hemanta, De, Megha, Ambavkar, Gauri, Das, Nibha, Dungdung, G. Pramila, Mohan, Damini, Munda, Bahadur, Singh, Vijay, Tripathy, Prasanta, and Prost, Audrey

Published
2020
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19. Community youth teams facilitating participatory adolescent groups, youth leadership activities and livelihood promotion to improve school attendance, dietary diversity and mental health among adolescent girls in rural eastern India: protocol for a cluster-randomised controlled trial

Author

Rath, Suchitra, Prost, Audrey, Samal, Subhashree, Pradhan, Hemanta, Copas, Andrew, Gagrai, Sumitra, Rath, Shibanand, Gope, Raj Kumar, Nair, Nirmala, Tripathy, Prasanta, Bhatia, Komal, and Rose-Clarke, Kelly

Published
2020
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20. Exile, social change and medicine among Tibetans in Dharamsala (Himachal Pradesh), India

Author

Prost, Audrey G.

Subjects
305.895409452
Abstract

This thesis is a study of the predicaments of exile among Tibetan refugees in Dharamsala. It examines the ways in which structural and cultural factors linked to exile underpin local understandings of health and the provision of healthcare. The study demonstrates that exile uncertainty is reflected in illness explanatory models put forward by Tibetan refugees, and in the organisation of healthcare provision in Dharamsala. The first part of the thesis (Chapters 2-3) is an account of changes in social organisation and economic strategies as a consequence of exile. Chapter 2 looks at transforming social networks in relation to exile identity politics and economic strategies. I discuss societal tensions within the Tibetan refugee community, principally in relation to the group of 'newcomer' (gsar 'byor ba) refugees, and the local Indian community. Chapter 3 focuses on two examples of economic strategies linked to dependency and the predicaments of exile: firstly rogs ram, or the sponsorship offered to Tibetans by foreigners, and secondly, ''grogs pa, or mutual help and reliance on intra-communal networks of solidarity. The second part of the study (Chapters 4-6) examines how the physical and psychosocial hardships of exile, in addition to social uncertainty, have influenced individuals' understanding of health and disease, and, consequently, the activities and status of the two most prominent exile medical institutions, the Delek Hospital and the Tibetan Astro-Medical Institute (Men-Tsee-Khang). Chapter 5 discusses the rise and institutionalisation of Dharamsala's Men-Tsee-Khang and the systematisation of traditional medical teaching as linked to the predicaments of exile. Chapter 6 provides individual case studies of Tibetan exiles' experiences of illness. Chapter 7 is given over to a discussion of the political significance of discourses relating to physical suffering in the context of exile.

Published
2003

21. Intrahousehold power inequalities and cooperation: Unpacking household responses to nutrition‐sensitive agriculture interventions in rural India

Author

Harris‐Fry, Helen, primary, Prost, Audrey, additional, Beaumont, Emma, additional, Fivian, Emily, additional, Mohanty, Satyanarayan, additional, Parida, Manoj, additional, Pradhan, Ronali, additional, Sahu, Satyapriya, additional, Padhan, Shibanath, additional, Mishra, Naba K., additional, Rath, Shibanand, additional, Rath, Suchitra, additional, Koniz‐Booher, Peggy, additional, Allen, Elizabeth, additional, and Kadiyala, Suneetha, additional

Published
2023
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23. Stillbirths: rates, risk factors, and acceleration towards 2030

Author

Flenady, Vicki, Frøen, J Frederik, Kinney, Mary V, de Bernis, Luc, Lawn, Joy E, Blencowe, Hannah, Heazell, Alexander, Leisher, Susannah Hopkins, Azad, Kishwar, Rahman, Anisur, El-Arifeen, Shams, Day, Louise T, Shah, Stacy L, Alam, Shafi, Wangdi, Sonam, Ilboudo, Tinga Fulbert, Zhu, Jun, Liang, Juan, Mu, Yi, Li, Xiaohong, Zhong, Nanbert, Kyprianou, Theopisti, Allvee, Kärt, Gissler, Mika, Zeitlin, Jennifer, Bah, Abdouli, Jawara, Lamin, Waiswa, Peter, Lack, Nicholas, de Maria Herandez, Flor, Shah More, Neena, Nair, Nirmala, Tripathy, Prasanta, Kumar, Rajesh, Newtonraj, Ariarathinam, Kaur, Manmeet, Gupta, Madhu, Varghese, Beena, Isakova, Jelena, Phiri, Tambosi, Hall, Jennifer A, Curteanu, Ala, Manandhar, Dharma, Hukkelhoven, Chantal, Dijs-Elsinga, Joyce, Klungsøyr, Kari, Poppe, Olva, Barros, Henrique, Correia, Sofi, Tsiklauri, Shorena, Cap, Jan, Podmanicka, Zuzana, Szamotulska, Katarzyna, Pattison, Robert, Hassan, Ahmed Ali, Musafi, Aimable, Kujala, Sanni, Bergstrom, Anna, Langhoff -Roos, Jens, Lundqvist, Ellen, Kadobera, Daniel, Costello, Anthony, Colbourn, Tim, Fottrell, Edward, Prost, Audrey, Osrin, David, King, Carina, Neuman, Melissa, Hirst, Jane, Rubayet, Sayed, Smith, Lucy, Manktelow, Bradley N, Draper, Elizabeth S, Amouzou, Agbessi, Mathers, Colin, Hogan, Dan, Qureshi, Zeshan U, Calderwood, Claire, Shiekh, Suhail, Jassir, Fiorella Bianchi, You, Danzhen, McClure, Elizabeth M, Mathai, Matthews, and Cousens, Simon

Published
2016
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24. Effect of participatory women's groups facilitated by Accredited Social Health Activists on birth outcomes in rural eastern India: a cluster-randomised controlled trial

Author

Tripathy, Prasanta, Nair, Nirmala, Sinha, Rajesh, Rath, Shibanand, Gope, Raj Kumar, Rath, Suchitra, Roy, Swati Sarbani, Bajpai, Aparna, Singh, Vijay, Nath, Vikash, Ali, Sarfraz, Kundu, Alok Kumar, Choudhury, Dibakar, Ghosh, Sanjib Kumar, Kumar, Sanjay, Mahapatra, Rajendra, Costello, Anthony, Fottrell, Edward, Houweling, Tanja A J, and Prost, Audrey

Published
2016
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25. National, regional, and worldwide estimates of stillbirth rates in 2015, with trends from 2000: a systematic analysis

Author

Zhu, Jun, Liang, Juan, Mu, Yi, Li, Xiaohong, Costello, Anthony, Colbourn, Tim, Fottrell, Edward, Prost, Audrey, Osrin, David, King, Carina, Neuman, Melissa, More, Neena Shah, Azad, Kishwar, Manandhar, Dharma, Nair, Nirmala, Tripathy, Prasanta, Kumar, Rajesh, Newtonraj, Ariarathinam, Kaur, Manmeet, Gupta, Madhu, Dhaliwal, LK, Aggarwal, Neelam, Venkateshashan, Chawla, Deepak, Hurja, Anju, Shivkumar, Poonam, Jain, Manish, Gathwala, Geeta, Nanda, Smiti, Gupta, Shashi, Singal, Sangeeta, Kumar, Raj, Sharma, Sujata, Mohi, Manjit, Minhas, Santish, Prasad, Rajendra, Verma, Suresh, Raina, Neena, Li, Aimable Musafi, Varghese, Beena, Pattison, Robert, Hirst, Jane, Waiswa, Peter, Kadobera, Daniel, Kujala, Sanni, Bergstrom, Anna, Phiri, Tambosi, Hall, Jennifer A, Day, Louise T, Saha, Stacy L, Alam, Shafi Ul, Rahman, Anisur, El-Arifeen, Shams, Rubayet, Sayed, Hassan, Ahmed Ali, Smith, Lucy, Manktelow, Bradley N, Draper, Elizabeth S, Zhong, Nanbert, Langhoff-Roos, Jans, Flenady, Vicki, Allvee, Kärt, Gissler, Mika, Lack, Nicholas, Wangdi, Sonam, Cap, Jan, Podmanicka, Zuzana, Szamotulska, Katarzyna, Hukkelhoven, Chantal, Dijs-Elsinga, Joyce, Kyprianou, Theopisti, Klungsøyr, Kari, Herandez, Flor de Maria, Curteanu, Ala, Barros, Henrique, Correia, Sofia, Tsiklauri, Shorena, Lundqvist, Ellen, Fulbert Ilboudo, Tinga, Bah, Abdouli, Jawara, Lamin, Zeitlin, Jennifer, Isakova, Jelena, Poppe, Olav, Blencowe, Hannah, Cousens, Simon, Jassir, Fiorella Bianchi, Say, Lale, Chou, Doris, Mathers, Colin, Hogan, Dan, Shiekh, Suhail, Qureshi, Zeshan U, You, Danzhen, and Lawn, Joy E

Published
2016
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27. Beyond interviews and focus groups: a framework for integrating innovative qualitative methods into randomised controlled trials of complex public health interventions

Author

Davis, Katy, Minckas, Nicole, Bond, Virginia, Clark, Cari Jo, Colbourn, Tim, Drabble, Sarah J., Hesketh, Therese, Hill, Zelee, Morrison, Joanna, Mweemba, Oliver, Osrin, David, Prost, Audrey, Seeley, Janet, Shahmanesh, Maryam, Spindler, Esther J., Stern, Erin, Turner, Katrina M., and Mannell, Jenevieve

Published
2019
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31. Economic Evaluation of Nutrition-Sensitive Agricultural Interventions to Increase Maternal and Child Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Status in Rural Odisha, India

Author

Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan, primary, Harris-Fry, Helen, additional, Kumar, Abhinav, additional, Pradhan, Ronali, additional, Mishra, Naba Kishore, additional, Padhan, Shibananth, additional, Ojha, Amit Kumar, additional, Mishra, Sailendra Narayan, additional, Fivian, Emily, additional, James, Philip, additional, Ferguson, Sarah, additional, Krishnan, Sneha, additional, O’Hearn, Meghan, additional, Palmer, Tom, additional, Koniz-Booher, Peggy, additional, Danton, Heather, additional, Minovi, Sandee, additional, Mohanty, Satyanarayan, additional, Rath, Shibanand, additional, Rath, Suchitra, additional, Nair, Nirmala, additional, Tripathy, Prasanta, additional, Prost, Audrey, additional, Allen, Elizabeth, additional, Skordis, Jolene, additional, and Kadiyala, Suneetha, additional

Published
2022
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33. Mortality and recovery following moderate and severe acute malnutrition in children aged 6-18 months in rural Jharkhand and Odisha, eastern India: A cohort study

Author

Prost, Audrey, Nair, Nirmala, Copas, Andrew, Pradhan, Hemanta, Saville, Naomi, Tripathy, Prasanta, Gope, Rajkumar, Rath, Shibanand, Rath, Suchitra, Skordis, Jolene, Bhattacharyya, Sanghita, Costello, Anthony, and Sachdev, Harshpal S.

Subjects
Malnutrition -- Research -- Health aspects -- Analysis, Mortality -- South Asia -- Sub-Saharan Africa -- India -- Analysis, Child malnutrition, Caregivers, Edema, Nutrition, Retirement benefits, Health, Public health, Children, Biological sciences, World Health Organization, United Nations. Children's Fund
Abstract

Background Recent data suggest that case fatality from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in India may be lower than the 10%-20% estimated by the World Health Organization (WHO). A contemporary quantification of mortality and recovery from acute malnutrition in Indian community settings is essential to inform policy regarding the benefits of scaling up prevention and treatment programmes. Methods and findings We conducted a cohort study using data collected during a recently completed cluster-randomised controlled trial in 120 geographical clusters with a total population of 121,531 in rural Jharkhand and Odisha, eastern India. Children born between October 1, 2013, and February 10, 2015, and alive at 6 months of age were followed up at 9, 12, and 18 months. We measured the children's anthropometry and asked caregivers whether children had been referred to services for malnutrition in the past 3 months. We determined the incidence and prevalence of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and SAM, as well as mortality and recovery at each follow-up. We then used Cox-proportional models to estimate mortality hazard ratios (HRs) for MAM and SAM. In total, 2,869 children were eligible for follow-up at 6 months of age. We knew the vital status of 93% of children (2,669/2,869) at 18 months. There were 2,704 children-years of follow-up time. The incidence of MAM by weight-for-length z score (WLZ) and/or mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) was 406 (1,098/2,704) per 1,000 children-years. The incidence of SAM by WLZ, MUAC, or oedema was 190 (513/2,704) per 1,000 children-years. There were 36 deaths: 12 among children with MAM and six among children with SAM. Case fatality rates were 1.1% (12/1,098) for MAM and 1.2% (6/513) for SAM. In total, 99% of all children with SAM at 6 months of age (227/230) were alive 3 months later, 40% (92/230) were still SAM, and 18% (41/230) had recovered (WLZ [greater than or equal to] -2 standard deviation [SD]; MUAC [greater than or equal to] 12.5; no oedema). The adjusted HRs using all anthropometric indicators were 1.43 (95% CI 0.53-3.87, p = 0.480) for MAM and 2.56 (95% CI 0.99-6.70, p = 0.052) for SAM. Both WLZ < -3 and MUAC [greater than or equal to] 11.5 and < 12.5 were associated with increased mortality risk (HR: 3.33, 95% CI 1.23-8.99, p = 0.018 and HR: 3.87, 95% CI 1.63-9.18, p = 0.002, respectively). A key limitation of our analysis was missing WLZ or MUAC data at all time points for 2.5% of children, including for two of the 36 children who died. Conclusions In rural eastern India, the incidence of acute malnutrition among children older than 6 months was high, but case fatality following SAM was 1.2%, much lower than the 10%-20% estimated by WHO. Case fatality rates below 6% have now been recorded in three other Indian studies. Community treatment using ready-to-use therapeutic food may not avert a substantial number of SAM-related deaths in children aged over 6 months, as mortality in this group is lower than expected. Our findings strengthen the case for prioritising prevention through known health, nutrition, and multisectoral interventions in the first 1,000 days of life, while ensuring access to treatment when prevention fails., Author(s): Audrey Prost 1,2,*, Nirmala Nair 2, Andrew Copas 1, Hemanta Pradhan 2, Naomi Saville 1, Prasanta Tripathy 2, Rajkumar Gope 2, Shibanand Rath 2, Suchitra Rath 2, Jolene Skordis [...]

Published
2019
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34. Economic evaluation of participatory women’s groups scaled up by the public health system to improve birth outcomes in Jharkhand, eastern India

Author

Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan, primary, Ojha, Amit, additional, Gope, Rajkumar, additional, Rath, Shibanand, additional, Pradhan, Hemanta, additional, Rath, Suchitra, additional, Kumar, Amit, additional, Nath, Vikash, additional, Basu, Parabita, additional, Copas, Andrew, additional, Houweling, Tanja A.J., additional, Minz, Akay, additional, Baskey, Pradeep, additional, Ahmed, Manir, additional, Chakravarthy, Vasudha, additional, Mahanta, Riza, additional, Palmer, Tom, additional, Skordis, Jolene, additional, Nair, Nirmala, additional, Tripathy, Prasanta, additional, and Prost, Audrey, additional

Published
2022
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35. Understanding the effects of nutrition‐sensitive agriculture interventions with participatory videos and women's group meetings on maternal and child nutrition in rural Odisha, India: A mixed‐methods process evaluation

Author

Prost, Audrey, primary, Harris‐Fry, Helen, additional, Mohanty, Satyanarayan, additional, Parida, Manoj, additional, Krishnan, Sneha, additional, Fivian, Emily, additional, Rath, Suchitra, additional, Nair, Nirmala, additional, Mishra, Naba K., additional, Padhan, Shibanath, additional, Pradhan, Ronali, additional, Sahu, Satyapriya, additional, Skordis, Jolene, additional, Danton, Heather, additional, Koniz‐Booher, Peggy, additional, Beaumont, Emma, additional, James, Philip, additional, Allen, Elizabeth, additional, Elbourne, Diana, additional, and Kadiyala, Suneetha, additional

Published
2022
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37. Improving evidence on women's groups: a proposed typology and common reporting indicators.

Author

Desai, Sapna, de Hoop, Thomas, Leigh Anderson, C., Barooah, Bidisha, Mulyampiti, Tabitha, Obuku, Ekwaro, Prost, Audrey, and White, Howard

Subjects
WOMEN'S societies & clubs, GENDER nonconformity
Abstract

Women's groups are a widely implemented and researched development intervention, particularly in South Asia and Africa. Groups encompass many models and aim to address a range of objectives. However, there is no consistent approach to describing their varied implementation models, which hinders the accurate interpretation of evidence and construct validity. Drawing from three recent evidence reviews and research experience with groups, we propose a typology and common reporting indicators to describe women's groups. As large-scale investments in women's groups grow, these tools can support the interpretation and transferability of evidence across models and settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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39. Upscaling Participatory Action and Videos for Agriculture and Nutrition (UPAVAN) trial comparing three variants of a nutrition-sensitive agricultural extension intervention to improve maternal and child nutritional outcomes in rural Odisha, India: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial

Author

Kadiyala, Suneetha, Prost, Audrey, Harris-Fry, Helen, O’Hearn, Meghan, Pradhan, Ronali, Pradhan, Shibananth, Mishra, Naba Kishore, Rath, Suchitra, Nair, Nirmala, Rath, Shibanand, Tripathy, Prasantha, Krishnan, Sneha, Koniz-Booher, Peggy, Danton, Heather, Elbourne, Diana, Sturgess, Joanna, Beaumont, Emma, Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan, Skordis-Worrall, Jolene, Mohanty, Satyanarayan, Upadhay, Avinash, and Allen, Elizabeth

Published
2018
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40. Socioeconomic inequalities in stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates:evidence on Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups in eastern India

Author

Busch, Sophie L.P., Houweling, Tanja A.J., Pradhan, Hemanta, Gope, Rajkumar, Rath, Shibanand, Kumar, Amit, Nath, Vikash, Prost, Audrey, Nair, Nirmala, Busch, Sophie L.P., Houweling, Tanja A.J., Pradhan, Hemanta, Gope, Rajkumar, Rath, Shibanand, Kumar, Amit, Nath, Vikash, Prost, Audrey, and Nair, Nirmala

Abstract

Background: Tribal peoples are among the most marginalised groups worldwide. Evidence on birth outcomes in these groups is scant. We describe inequalities in Stillbirth Rate (SBR), Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR), and uptake of maternal and newborn health services between tribal and less disadvantaged groups in eastern India, and examine the contribution of poverty and education to these inequalities. Methods: We used data from a demographic surveillance system covering a 1 million population in Jharkhand State (March 2017 – August 2019) to describe SBR, NMR, and service uptake. We used logistic regression analysis combined with Stata’s adjrr-command to estimate absolute and relative inequalities by caste/tribe (comparing Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTG) and other Scheduled Tribes (ST) with the less marginalised Other Backward Class (OBC)/none, using the Indian government classification), and by maternal education and household wealth. Results: PVTGs had a higher NMR (59/1000) than OBC/none (31/1000) (rate ratio (RR): 1.92, 95%CI: 1.55–2.38). This was partly explained by wealth and education, but inequalities remained large after adjustment (adjusted RR: 1.59, 95%CI: 1.28–1.98). NMR was also higher among other STs (44/1000), but disparities were smaller (RR: 1.47, 95%CI: 1.23–1.75). There was a systematic gradient in NMR by maternal education and household wealth. SBRs were only higher in poorer groups (RRpoorest vs. least poor:1.56, 95%CI: 1.14–2.13). Uptake of facility-based services was low among PVTGs (e.g. institutional birth: 25% vs. 69% in OBC/none) and among poorer and less educated women. However, 65% of PVTG women with an institutional birth used a maternity vehicle vs. 34% among OBC/none. Visits from frontline workers (Accredited Social Health Activists [ASHAs]) were similar across groups, and ASHA accompaniment of institutional births was similar across caste/tribe groups, and higher among poorer and less educated women. Attendanc

Published
2022

42. Additional file 5 of Feeding, caregiving practices, and developmental delay among children under five in lowland Nepal: a community-based cross-sectional survey

Author

Dulal, Sophiya, Prost, Audrey, Karki, Surendra, Merom, Dafna, Shrestha, Bhim Prasad, Bhandari, Bishnu, Manandhar, Dharma S., Osrin, David, Costello, Anthony, and Saville, Naomi M.

Abstract

Additional file 5: Supplementary Table 4. Multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding (recall of the first days of life) among children aged 0–12 months. Supplementary Table 5. Multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with colostrum feeding (recall of the first days of life) among children aged 0–12 months. Supplementary Table 6. Multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with no pre-lacteal feeding (recall of the first days of life) among children aged 0–12 months. Supplementary Table 7. Multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in past 24 hours before survey among children aged 0–5 months. Supplementary Table 8. Multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with timing of the introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods among children aged 7–59 months. Supplementary Table 9. Multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with minimum dietary diversity among children aged 7–59 months. Supplementary Table 10. Multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with consumption of animal foods among children aged 7–59 months. Supplementary Table 11. Multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with consumption of fruits and vegetables among children aged 7–59 months.

Published
2022
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43. Additional file 2 of Feeding, caregiving practices, and developmental delay among children under five in lowland Nepal: a community-based cross-sectional survey

Author

Dulal, Sophiya, Prost, Audrey, Karki, Surendra, Merom, Dafna, Shrestha, Bhim Prasad, Bhandari, Bishnu, Manandhar, Dharma S., Osrin, David, Costello, Anthony, and Saville, Naomi M.

Abstract

Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1. A summary of indicators available from each of 6-week questionnaire and the follow-up survey sample.

Published
2022
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45. Additional file 3 of Feeding, caregiving practices, and developmental delay among children under five in lowland Nepal: a community-based cross-sectional survey

Author

Dulal, Sophiya, Prost, Audrey, Karki, Surendra, Merom, Dafna, Shrestha, Bhim Prasad, Bhandari, Bishnu, Manandhar, Dharma S., Osrin, David, Costello, Anthony, and Saville, Naomi M.

Abstract

Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 2. The timing of the data collection for each of the IYCF indicators and the age range.

Published
2022
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46. Additional file 4 of Feeding, caregiving practices, and developmental delay among children under five in lowland Nepal: a community-based cross-sectional survey

Author

Dulal, Sophiya, Prost, Audrey, Karki, Surendra, Merom, Dafna, Shrestha, Bhim Prasad, Bhandari, Bishnu, Manandhar, Dharma S., Osrin, David, Costello, Anthony, and Saville, Naomi M.

Abstract

Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 3. Definition and categorisation of potential explanatory variables used in the study.

Published
2022
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47. Additional file 1 of Feeding, caregiving practices, and developmental delay among children under five in lowland Nepal: a community-based cross-sectional survey

Author

Dulal, Sophiya, Prost, Audrey, Karki, Surendra, Merom, Dafna, Shrestha, Bhim Prasad, Bhandari, Bishnu, Manandhar, Dharma S., Osrin, David, Costello, Anthony, and Saville, Naomi M.

Abstract

Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Flow chart of study participants. Supplementary Figure 2. Multivariable modelling procedure. Supplementary Figure 3. Complementary feeding practices in the past 24-hours by age when children were 7 to 59 months. Supplementary Figure 4. Percentage of children aged 7 to 59 months who experienced types of learning activities with different caregivers *other adults refers to maternal and paternal grandparents. Supplementary Figure 5. Early childhood index score by gender and wealth index when children were 36 -59 months.

Published
2022
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50. Risk factors for violence against women in high-prevalence settings: a mixed-methods systematic review and meta-synthesis

Author

Mannell, Jenevieve, primary, Lowe, Hattie, additional, Brown, Laura, additional, Mukerji, Reshmi, additional, Devakumar, Delan, additional, Gram, Lu, additional, Jansen, Henrica A F M, additional, Minckas, Nicole, additional, Osrin, David, additional, Prost, Audrey, additional, Shannon, Geordan, additional, and Vyas, Seema, additional

Published
2022
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