496 results on '"Program manager"'
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2. Hybridization of Project Management Methodologies. Complementary or Contradictory?
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Neizvestny, Sergey, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Bushuyev, Sergey, editor, Ding, Ronggui, editor, and Radujkovic, Mladen, editor
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- 2023
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3. Exploring the Great Divide: Comparing Professional Development Satisfaction and Opportunities of Program Coordinators at Academic Medical Centers and Community-Based Programs.
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Anderson, Lauren, Rowland, Kathleen, Twiss, Megham, Eaton, Jory, Krueger, Mackenzie, and Wright, Katherine
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ACADEMIC medical centers , *PROFESSIONAL employee training , *CROSS-sectional method , *SATISFACTION , *COMMUNITY-based social services , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *DATA analysis software , *CONTENT analysis - Abstract
Introduction: Program coordinators (PCs) need to maintain flexibility and evolve professionally with rapid changes in accreditation, specialty requirements, and policies. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education recommends professional development for PCs. This mixed-methods study explored professional development opportunities and current practices of PCs at community and academic programs. Methods: A survey was administered to the Chicago Area Medical Education Group members to elicit attitudes and opinions regarding professional development availability. Results: A total of 109 participants (eligible = 178) completed surveys. 97.2% (n = 105, N = 108) of respondents indicated that development is necessary for being a great coordinator. PCs at community-based programs report lower attendance at national conferences and less satisfaction with professional development opportunities than their academic-based institution counterparts. 28.5% of the community-based coordinators are dissatisfied with opportunities compared with 7% of the academic-based coordinators. 37.7% of the community coordinators (compared with 2.9% academic) report a lack of development activities by their program or graduate medical education. Only half of the PCs report discussing professional development with their program director. However, institutional supports were regarded as facilitators to satisfaction. Conclusions: Despite recommendations for regular professional development, this study finds only half of the PCs regularly discuss professional development and finds disparities in opportunities between those in community versus academic settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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4. Pracademic Program Leadership: The Firefighter's Guide to Planning Success.
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Deardorff, Dale S.
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LEADERSHIP ,SUCCESS ,FIRE fighters ,FIRE management - Abstract
Program Leadership and Program Management are often confused with typical organizational leadership and management positions based on traditional organizational challenges and opportunities. What makes the current day Program Leader and Program Manager unique is the need to provide direction and action in an expedited manner, to help resolve the constant organizational "Fires" that consume their time and efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
5. Hybridisation of IT Project Management Methodologies. Complementary or Contradictory?
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Bushuyev, Sergey, Bushuieva, Victoria, Bushuiev, Denis, Bushuyeva, Nanaliya, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Pal, Nikhil R., Advisory Editor, Bello Perez, Rafael, Advisory Editor, Corchado, Emilio S., Advisory Editor, Hagras, Hani, Advisory Editor, Kóczy, László T., Advisory Editor, Kreinovich, Vladik, Advisory Editor, Lin, Chin-Teng, Advisory Editor, Lu, Jie, Advisory Editor, Melin, Patricia, Advisory Editor, Nedjah, Nadia, Advisory Editor, Nguyen, Ngoc Thanh, Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Shakhovska, Natalya, editor, and Medykovskyy, Mykola O., editor
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- 2021
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6. The evolution of emergency general surgery: its time for a dedicated program manager.
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Eaton, Barbara, O'Meara, Lindsay, Aresco, Carla, Scalea, Thomas, Diaz, Jose, and Bruns, Brandon
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INFECTION prevention ,MEETINGS ,PROFESSIONAL peer review ,AUDITING ,REPORTING of diseases ,OPERATIVE surgery ,EXECUTIVES ,PATIENT readmissions ,PATIENTS ,MEDICAL emergencies ,HOSPITAL mortality ,HOSPITAL admission & discharge ,MEDICAL errors ,QUALITY assurance ,ELECTRONIC health records ,LOGIC - Abstract
Background: Emergency general surgery (EGS) is emerging as a distinct sub-specialty of acute care surgery but continues to exist without essential processes that drive modern trauma programs. An EGS-specific quality program was created with service-based Advanced Practice Provider (SB APP) administrative oversight, thus validating the need for a dedicated EGS program manager. Methods: In 2017, a quality structure was formalized with primary focus on scheduled quality meetings, peer review and outcomes review. All admission, service-specific dashboards, and readmission data were manually audited by SB APPs to confirm accuracy and identify opportunities for process improvement. Results: Surgical quality metrics including patient volume, mortality, complications, readmission and infection prevention indicators, were reviewed by SBAPPs. Annual EMR data for all EGS patients was compared to data collected via manual review with a novel registry logic. Comparison of EMR generated data versus EGS registry data identified under-representation of total admissions: in 2016, the EMR identified 130 admissions with registry logic identifying 625 actual EGS admissions. The EMR identified 515 admissions in 2017 and 485 admission in 2018 with registry logic identifying 777 and 712, respectively. Review of readmission data revealed an error of 14 patients in 2017 and 11 patients in 2018. Conclusions: The quest to improve quality of care for the EGS patient requires timely review of high-quality, accurate data by dedicated and trained personnel. Our process revealed the vital functions of an EGS PM are crucial in the evolution of the EGS specialty. Level of evidence: Level IV economic and value-based evaluations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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7. Performance and Talent: Essentials of Mentoring
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Minor, Karen and Zeuch, Matthias, editor
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- 2016
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8. Decision-Making Principles
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Haidar, Ali D. and Haidar, Ali D.
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- 2016
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9. The nature of the organization. Organization: as a system
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Norboyeva, Nafisa, Parpiyeva, Ra’no, Norboyeva, Nafisa, and Parpiyeva, Ra’no
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This paper is based on the main impacts of nature organization systems. Whether you do GIS work for a large corporation, a government agency, a private consulting firm, or yourself, your approach to project management will be strongly influenced by your organization and its approach to business.
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- 2023
10. HYBRID INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES
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Denis Bushuiev and Boris Kozyr
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convergence model ,hybrid management methodologies ,infrastructure program ,basic project management methodology interaction model ,program manager ,Engineering economy ,TA177.4-185 - Abstract
The subject of this article is the development of hybrid methodologies for managing projects, programs and project portfolios. Significant reductions in the life cycles of infrastructure programs, which contain projects of different lines of activity and different management methodologies, for example, waterfalls with a rigid life cycle and Agile with a flexible methodology life cycle, require the use of convergence tools to form “hybrid” methodologies. The goal is to develop a convergent approach to building hybrid project management methodologies in terms of decision-making processes in project management based on various platforms. Results of the studies were obtained using a convergent approach to building methodologies for managing infrastructure projects and programs. A substantial model of the resulting hybrid methodology for managing infrastructure projects and programs is presented. Conclusions: Hybrid methodologies for managing infrastructure projects and programs are becoming more popular in this category of programs. The main reason is the presence in the program of components with different life cycles, and, consequently, methodologies that require integration and harmonization. The methodology is tested by the practice of using mechanisms of hybrid multilevel management of infrastructure projects and programs. The study of hybrid infrastructural program management methodologies is defined by the practice of introducing different components of programs. The application of the hybrid project management methodology allowed the authors to execute different projects in essence within the stipulated timeframe with the given budget and quality of construction projects and projects of creation of information and communication infrastructure management systems. Further areas of research are related to the elaboration of harmonization, integration, convergence and actualization mechanisms.
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- 2020
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11. Mentoring
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Minor, Karen and Zeuch, Matthias, editor
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- 2015
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12. Skills of an Effective United States Air Force Program Manager: A Qualitative Descriptive Study of the Skills Required for United States Air Force Program Managers
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Rowlands, Shane Connor
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- Business Administration, Program Manager, Project Manager, Defense Acquisitions, Department of Defense, United States Air Force, Skills Management, Robert Katz, Technical Skills, Human Skills, Conceptual Skills
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The United States Air Force (USAF) purchases billions in arms, equipment, and services to support the Department of Defense and its mission to defend the public from all enemies, foreign and domestic. Program Managers (PM) are the leaders appointed to develop, deliver, and sustain a solution for the capability gaps identified by operational leaders. PMs oversee programs of all sizes across many domains. A substantial proportion of programs fail to meet the triple constraint of cost, schedule, and performance. It is in the interest of the public who funds these purchases to identify the skills that can help PMs deliver programs within the triple constraint.PMs require skills to lead an effective program. The researcher used Katz's (1955) framework to identify the technical, human, and conceptual skills PMs need. The researcher interviewed nine retired USAF acquisition members and identified seventeen PM skills required to deliver programs within the triple constraint alongside other observations about the acquisition field. The seventeen skills include (1) General Military Knowledge, (2) Programmatic Knowledge, (3) Functional Knowledge, (4) Program-specific Knowledge, (5) Technological Proficiency, (6) Leadership, (7) Mentorship, (8) Communication, (9) Relationship Management, (10) Emotional Intelligence, (11) Political Skills, (12) Stakeholder Management, (13) Requirement Management, (14) Problem-solving, (15) Critical Thinking, (16) Outlook, and (17) Continuity.PMs can use the seventeen skills from this study as possible competencies to identify where they excel and need improvement and create a plan of action to improve performance at their current job and prepare for the next. Career managers can use the skill set as criteria to consider in selecting, developing, and retaining PMs to meet today's and tomorrow's needs. Additionally, the USAF should incorporate the seventeen skills into professional development, education, and training. The study further serves as a template for future studies and meritocratic initiatives within the defense acquisition workforce.
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- 2024
13. Is Project Management Right for You?
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McBride, Melanie and McBride, Melanie
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- 2014
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14. Agenda Detection
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Lopp, Michael and Lopp, Michael
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- 2012
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15. Testing Assumptions : 'Well, when we started this project, we were assuming...'
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Gerardi, Bart and Gerardi, Bart
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- 2011
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16. Project Management Success : 'What do you mean’ Expect the expected?’'
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Gerardi, Bart and Gerardi, Bart
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- 2011
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17. Establish Metrics : 'Who is keeping score around here?'
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Gerardi, Bart and Gerardi, Bart
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- 2011
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18. Delivery and Program Management
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Kadre, Shailendra and Kadre, Shailendra
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- 2011
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19. Creating cascading non-linear solutions for the UN sustainable development goals through green chemistry
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Julie B. Zimmerman and Paul T. Anastas
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Green engineering ,Sustainable development ,medicine.medical_specialty ,General Chemical Engineering ,Public health ,Biochemistry (medical) ,General Chemistry ,Program manager ,Biochemistry ,Management ,Agency (sociology) ,Materials Chemistry ,medicine ,Environmental Chemistry ,Public service ,Sociology - Abstract
Paul T. Anastas is the Teresa and H. John Heinz III Professor in the Practice of Chemistry for the Environment. He has appointments in the School of the Environment and Yale School of Public Health. In addition, Prof. Anastas serves as the Director of the Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering at Yale. Anastas took public service leave from Yale to serve as the Assistant Administrator for the US Environmental Protection Agency and the Agency Science Advisor from 2009-2012. Julie B. Zimmerman holds joint appointments as a Professor in the Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and School of the Environment (YSE) at Yale University. She also serves at the Senior Associate Dean for Academic Affairs at YSE as well as the Deputy Director of Center for Green Chemistry & Green Engineering at Yale. Prior to joining the faculty at Yale, Zimmerman worked as an Program Manager in the Office of Research and Development at the US EPA.
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- 2021
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20. In Memoriam - A Tribute: Prof. Avram Bar-Cohen
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Mark Spector, Madhusudhan K. Iyengar, Michael M. Ohadi, K. Ramakrishna, Ravi Mahajan, Sushil H. Bhavnani, and Yogendra Joshi
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Engineering ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Tribute ,Thermal management of electronic devices and systems ,Program manager ,Bachelor ,Control data corporation ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Management ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,media_common - Abstract
Prof. Avram Bar-Cohen (popularly known as Avi), the past President of IEEE Electronics Packaging Society (EPS), and the past Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies, passed away on October 10, 2020. He was a giant in the field of thermal management and made seminal research and professional contributions over a five-decade period. Prof. Bar-Cohen received his bachelor’s and master’s degrees in mechanical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA, in 1968. Subsequently, he joined Raytheon Corporation, while continuing to pursue his Ph.D. degree at MIT, and receiving it in 1971. His Ph.D. work was titled “Boiling and Condensation in a Liquid- Filled Enclosure.” Shortly afterward, he moved to Ben-Gurion University, Be’er Sheva, Israel, as a faculty member, where he helped to establish the Department of Mechanical Engineering. He served there for nearly 15 years, with stints away during visiting positions at MIT, Naval Postgraduate School, Control Data Corporation, and University of Minnesota. In 1989, he joined the faculty of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota. There he served as the Director of the Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer Division, and held the James J. Renier Visiting Chair in Technological Leadership. In 2000, he was appointed as the Director of the Center for the Development of Technological Leadership, and the H. W. Sweatt Chair in Technological Leadership. In 2001, Prof. Bar-Cohen was appointed as the Chair of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland (UMD), College Park, MD, USA. After serving two terms as the Chair, he accepted the position of Program Manager at the Microsystems Technology Office, U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), on assignment from the UMD in 2010. Subsequently, in 2015, he joined Raytheon Corporation, while on leave from the UMD, and served there until his passing.
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- 2021
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21. Agenda Detection
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Lopp, Michael
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- 2007
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22. What to Do When You’re Screwed : 5 Scenarios for High-Velocity Engineering Managers
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Lopp, Michael “Rands” and Spolsky, Joel
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- 2005
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23. Painless Functional Specifications Part 3: But … How?
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Spolsky, Joel and Spolsky, Joel
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- 2004
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24. Nurse Navigators’ Views on Patient and System Factors Associated with Navigation Needs among Women with Breast Cancer
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George Kephart, Sally D. Miller, Robin Urquhart, Yukiko Asada, and Tallal Younis
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Referral ,Modified delphi ,Breast Neoplasms ,Program manager ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Breast cancer ,breast cancer ,nursing ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Still face ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Qualitative Research ,RC254-282 ,Patient factors ,Patient Navigator ,business.industry ,Communication ,Cancer ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,psychosocial oncology ,medicine.disease ,patient navigation ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Family medicine ,Female ,business ,Delivery of Health Care - Abstract
Coordinating breast cancer treatment is a complex task that can overwhelm patients and their support networks. Though the Cancer Patient Navigator (CPN) program in Nova Scotia (NS) provides professional assistance to patients, certain groups of patients may still face barriers to accessing its services. Employing interviews and a modified Delphi approach with CPN participants, this study sought to identify factors associated with the need for navigation to help better target CPN program referrals among breast cancer patients. Six CPNs were recruited directly through the CPN program manager for interviews and surveys. The CPNs identified 27 different factors, which were divided into 4 categories: sociodemographic, psychological, clinical and health systems. While these patient factors (particularly sociodemographic) are not directly modifiable, awareness of their association with the need for navigation could be used to better target patients with a high need for navigation for referral to CPN services.
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- 2021
25. Engineering a Better IT Program Manager: A Comparative Study of IT PM Education and Training
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William Parker
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Medical education ,021105 building & construction ,0502 economics and business ,05 social sciences ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,Business ,Program manager ,Training (civil) ,050203 business & management - Abstract
This article examines the relationship between Department of Defense information technology (IT) program managers (PMs), their technical education, commercial project management certification, and project management success—also known as project efficiency—for IT PMs. The researcher asked, “To what extent does project management success in scope, schedule, and cost compare among PMs, specifically their technical education, commercial project management certification, and interaction effects between education type and commercial PM certification?” A gap in research exists on whether IT PMs with a technical education positively or negatively impact project outcomes. The IT PM community needs more studies on the extent to which commercial PM certifications affect project efficiency. The researcher used factorial multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to compare education and PM certification to project efficiency. MANOVA provided for the examination of the interactive effects. A Mann-Whitney post hoc test confirmed the MANOVA results. Both tests concluded that no relationship exists between undergraduate technical degree, commercial PM certification, and project management success.
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- 2021
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26. The Evolving Role of the Program Coordinator: Five Essential Skills for the Coordinator Toolbox.
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Stuckelman, Joseph, Zavatchen, Sylvia E., and Jones, Sally A.
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As ACGME (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education) requirements have expanded and become increasingly more complex, so has the role of the program coordinator. Over the last decade, the knowledge and skills required to capably administer residency and fellowship training programs have increased in both volume and complexity. Today's coordinators are responsible for more than clerical tasks. They also function as managers and have greater roles in the development and implementation of program initiatives, policies, and outcomes. As a result, coordinators' roles and responsibilities have evolved to include management skills. To keep pace with the rapid and continuing change, it is imperative that coordinators continue to develop these skill sets to add value to their programs, institutions, and careers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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27. Making Large Teams Work Like Small Teams: Product Development at Microsoft
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Cusumano, Michael A. and Jürgens, Ulrich, editor
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- 2000
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28. Szervezetközi kapcsolatok vizsgálata az egészségügyi prevencióban
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Zsuzsanna Szalkai and Tímea Beatrice Dóra
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Social connectedness ,business.industry ,Bond ,05 social sciences ,Public sector ,General Medicine ,Public relations ,Program manager ,Purchasing ,Resource (project management) ,0502 economics and business ,Health care ,050211 marketing ,business ,Health prevention ,050203 business & management - Abstract
A tanulmány célja a magyarországi egészségügyi prevencióban részt vevő szereplők azonosítása, és a szervezetek közötti kapcsolatok vizsgálata esettanulmány segítségével. Az üzleti kapcsolatokra vonatkozó elméleti hátteret az Industrial Marketing and Purchasing (IMP) Group megközelítésére alapozták a szerzők, mely kapcsolatok összefonódása napjainkban még inkább érezhető, mint valaha. E megközelítés szerint az üzleti kapcsolatok a szereplők, a tevékenységek és az erőforrások köteléke által jönnek létre és működnek. Az egészségügyi prevenció egy tipikusan olyan terület, ahol a magán- és a közszféra együttműködése elengedhetetlen. A tanulmányban bemutatják a szereplőket, elemzik a közöttük lévő kapcsolatokat egy szervezett egészségügyi prevenciós program (Magyarország átfogó egészségügyi szűrőprogramja 2010-2020) mentén. A kutatás eredményei rámutatnak arra, hogy az erőforrások kombinációjának fontos szerepe van a program sikerességében. Eredményeik alapján kirajzolódott, hogy az információ az egyik legfontosabb erőforrás és motiváló tényező a szereplők számára. A tanulmány kiemeli a program vezetőjének (mint aktor) kulcsszerepét a kapcsolatok kialakításában, fenntartásában.
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- 2020
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29. A strategic enrollment management framework: perceptions of senior and program managers at three Hong Kong universities
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Peggy M. L. Ng and Craig S. Galbraith
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Medical education ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,Strategy and Management ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Enrollment management ,Program manager ,GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS ,Education ,Empirical research ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Perception ,0502 economics and business ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Sociology ,Thematic analysis ,0503 education ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
This empirical study presents a thematic analysis of the Strategic Enrollment Management (SEM) framework from the perspectives of senior managers and program manager in Hong Kong. Data were collect...
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- 2020
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30. Factors Related to Prevention of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in South Birobuli
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Muh. Jusman Rau, Nadia Soraya, and Pitriani Pitriani
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education.field_of_study ,Dengue hemorrhagic fever ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Population ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Program manager ,Confidence interval ,Dengue fever ,Stratified sampling ,Environmental health ,medicine ,education ,business - Abstract
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever is a health problem that is contagious in tropical regions like Indonesia. Central Sulawesi data in 2017 the highest DHF cases are Palu City with 401 cases and Incidance Rate of 103.95 / 100,000 population with CFR of 0.49% and IR which is still above the national indicator that is 52 / 100,000 population. In 2017 the incidence of DHF in the South Bureau of South Bureau was reported as many as 26 cases of DHF with 1 person dead. The development of this disease is very fast and causes death in a short time, one of the factors causing DHF cases is climate change. The purpose of this study was to determine the Factors Associated with Efforts to Prevent Dengue Fever in the South Birobuli Village. The population in this study was the head of the family of 1,999 households using the Lameshow formula, the number of samples was 92 households taken by each RW. The sampling technique was using proportional stratified random sampling and using the chi-square test. Data analysis was performed univariately and bivariately at 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The results showed knowledge (p = 0.021), attitude (p = 0.003), facilities (p = 0,000) and the role of health workers (p = 0,000), related to dengue prevention efforts. It is hoped that the P2 program manager in Dipuskesmas can increase counseling on dengue prevention efforts by eradicating mosquito nests such as the implementation of 3M plus regularly and continuously so that the community is able to be independent and routinely conduct dengue fever prevention efforts.
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- 2020
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31. One center’s experience developing a burn outpatient registry
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Rebecca Coffey, Larry M. Jones, Rachel Penny, and J. Kevin Bailey
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Quality Assurance, Health Care ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,Improved survival ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Program manager ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,Accident Prevention ,0302 clinical medicine ,Outcome Assessment, Health Care ,Epidemiology ,Ambulatory Care ,medicine ,Humans ,Quality (business) ,Registries ,education ,media_common ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Electronic medical record ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Outreach ,Emergency Medicine ,Surgery ,Medical emergency ,Epidemiologic data ,Burns ,business - Abstract
Introduction Recent advances in burn care have resulted in the transition of care from inpatient to outpatient. There is a growing appreciation that with improved survival, meaningful markers of quality need to include recovery of form, function, and reconstruction. Capture of the data describing care delivered in the outpatient setting is being missed. Methods Development of our outpatient database included providers, registrar, program manager, and outpatient nursing staff. Data points were included if they described the population, and epidemiology of our patients, were useful for programmatic changes and improvements as well as anticipated research focus areas. Results The database platform chosen was Midas+™ because it was in use by hospital quality and integrated with the electronic medical record. Fields were customized based on changing program needs and are updated for new programs or outcomes measures. Reports can be easily built and both outpatients and inpatients are included. This allows for longitudinal tracking of burn patients. Ongoing additions to original data points include variables to track outcomes related to laser therapy for scar management, time to custom garment donning, and to track functional outcomes. Epidemiologic data collected is used to target high-risk populations for prevention and outreach efforts. Outcome data is used for evaluation of programs and care. Conclusions High quality databases serve to measure effectiveness of care and offer insight for areas of improvement. There is a clear need for inclusion of outpatient activity in the National Burn Registry (NBR).
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- 2020
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32. Pemanfaatan Diskusi Berdasarkan Kasus Sebagai Ujian Formatif Dalam Program Pendidikan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Anatomik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia
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Marcellus Simadibrata, Rita Mustika, and Meilania Saraswati
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Formative assessment ,Medical education ,Group discussion ,Summative assessment ,Teaching staff ,Program manager ,Psychology ,Competence (human resources) ,Curriculum ,Qualitative research - Abstract
Latar belakang: Program Pendidikan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Anatomik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia (PPDS PA FKUI) menggunakan kurikulum berdasarkan kompetensi/outcome (competency-/outcome-based curriculum). Namun, PPDS PA FKUI selama ini belum pernah melaksanakan ujian formatif berdasarkan kerja (workplace-based assessement) yang terstruktur dan tercatat, misal, ujian Diskusi berdasarkan Kasus (DbK).Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif untuk mengekplorasi secara mendalam pemanfaatan ujian formatif Diskusi berdasarkan Kasus dalam proses pendidikan di PPDS Patologi Anatomik FKUI. Dilakukan wawancara dan focused group discussion terhadap pengelola program, staf pengajar dan peserta PPDS PA FKUI. Staf pengajar diminta melakukan intervensi berupa ujian formatif DbK terhadap PPDS PA FKUI sebanyak tiga kali menggunakan borang yang telah diterjemahkan dan divalidasi. Setelah intervensi, kembali dilakukan wawancara dan focused group discussion terhadap staf pengajar dan peserta PPDS PA FKUI.Hasil: Staf Pengajar dan peserta PPDS PA FKUI menunjukkan respons positif terhadap pelaksanaan ujian formatif DbK. Ujian formatif DbK dianggap memungkinkan proses diskusi mendalam antara staf pengajar dan peserta PPDS PA terkait proses penegakkan diagnosis dari suatu kasus. Staf pengajar dapat memantau kemajuan proses pembelajaran serta memberikan umpan balik yang spesifik terhadap peserta PPDS. Peserta PPDS dapat memelajari suatu kasus dengan lebih komprehensif serta memeroleh umpan balik yang spefisik.Kesimpulan: Ujian DbK bermanfaat dalam proses pencapaian kompetensi dalam pendidikan yang menggunakan pendekatan kurikulum berdasarkan kompetensi atau luaran.
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- 2020
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33. Running the software
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Wu, Z., Maclean, T. S. M., Wu, Z., and Maclean, T. S. M.
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- 1998
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34. Tips and traps in using Windows
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Burnard, Philip and Burnard, Philip
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- 1995
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35. Does the Program Manager Matter? New Public Management and Defense Acquisition.
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Eckerd, Adam and Snider, Keith
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PUBLIC administration ,NEW public management ,ACQUISITION of data ,INSTITUTIONALISM (Religion) ,SOCIAL services - Abstract
Past efforts to reform defense acquisition have been based in New Public Management assumptions that certain attributes of program managers (PMs), such as their training and experience levels, are important for improving outcomes. This article documents an effort to examine the relationship between such PM attributes and program outcomes using data drawn from annual Department of Defense Selected Acquisition Reports for major defense acquisition programs between 1997 and 2010. The findings provide little support for these assumptions. They point instead to the potential for institutionalist theories to explain acquisition outcomes, which can enable more nuanced reform policies in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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36. Regional and Seasonal Trends in Tropical Ozone From SHADOZ Profiles: Reference for Models and Satellite Products
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Jacquelyn C. Witte, Anne M. Thompson, Jerald R. Ziemke, Debra E. Kollonige, Krzysztof Wargan, and Ryan M. Stauffer
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,Ozone ,Meteorology ,Atmospheric sciences ,Program manager ,Troposphere ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Geophysics ,chemistry ,Space and Planetary Science ,Tropical tropopause ,Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Environmental science ,Satellite ,Stratosphere - Abstract
Support is gratefully acknowledged from the NASA Upper Air Research Program (K. W. Jucks, Program Manager), S-NPP and JPSS (J. F. Gleason, Project Scientist) and the NASA Post-doctoral Program to RMS. We are grateful to O. R. Cooper (CIRES/NOAA-CSL) and W. Randel (NCAR) for helpful comments.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Investigating Wintertime GPM‐IMERG Precipitation in the North Atlantic
- Author
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Chung-Lin Shie, Linette N. Boisvert, and Mircea Grecu
- Subjects
symbols.namesake ,Geophysics ,Arctic ,Meteorology ,Work (electrical) ,symbols ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Environmental science ,Precipitation ,Program manager ,Lagrangian - Abstract
This work of L. Boisvert, M. Grecu and C.-L. Shie was funded under the NASA ROSES Precipitation Measurements Mission (PMM) Science Team proposal “Using GPM in an Optimal Estimation Lagrangian Framework (OELaF) to quantify moisture transport in Arctic Cyclones”. We dedicate this manuscript and work to the memory of Dr. Gail Skrofronick-Jackson who was the program manager for the Precipita-tion Measurement Mission and our colleague
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Formation Challenges of Lithium-Ion Battery Manufacturing
- Author
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David L. Wood, Jianlin Li, and Seong-Jin An
- Subjects
Academic career ,Engineering ,business.industry ,Group leader ,02 engineering and technology ,Oak Ridge National Laboratory ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Program manager ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Management ,General Energy ,General motors ,Fuel cells ,Early career ,0210 nano-technology ,National laboratory ,business - Abstract
David Wood is a Senior Staff Scientist and University of Tennessee Bredesen Center Adjunct Faculty Member at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), researching novel electrode architectures, mass transport phenomena, solid-liquid surface chemistry, advanced processing methods, manufacturing science, and materials characterization for low-temperature fuel cells, PEM electrolyzers, and lithium-ion batteries, and has been employed there since 2009. He is also the former ORNL Fuel Cell Technologies Program Manager (2011–2018), the former Roll-to-Roll Manufacturing Team and Group Leader (2015–2017), and a well-known energy conversion and storage researcher with an industrial and academic career that began in 1995. From 1997 to 2002, he was employed by General Motors Corporation and SGL Carbon Group, excelling at applied R&D related to automotive and stationary PEFC technology. Later work (2003–2009) at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and Cabot Corporation focused on elucidation of key chemical degradation mechanisms, development of accelerated testing methods, and component development. Dr. Wood received his BS in Chemical Engineering from North Carolina State University in 1994, his MS in Chemical Engineering from the University of Kansas in 1998, and his PhD in Electrochemical Engineering from the University of New Mexico in 2007. He was part of two LANL research teams that won the DOE Hydrogen Program R&D Award for outstanding achievement in 2005 and 2009. He was also part of the Cabot Corporation Direct Methanol Fuel Cell team, which won the Samuel W. Bodman Award for Excellence in 2008. Dr. Wood was also the 2011 winner of the ORNL Early Career Award for Engineering Accomplishment and led a team that won both a 2013 R&D 100 award and 2014 Federal Laboratory Consortium (FLC) award with Porous Power Technologies. He has received 19 patents and patent applications, authored 93 refereed journal articles and transactions papers, and authored 2 book chapters. Jianlin Li is a R&D Staff and University of Tennessee Bredesen Center Adjunct Faculty Member at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). His research interest lies in materials synthesis, processing and characterization, electrode engineering, and manufacturing for energy storage and conversion. Dr. Li received his BS in Materials Chemistry and his MS in Materials Science from University of Science and Technology of China in 2001 and 2004, respectively, and his PhD in Materials Science and Engineering from the University of Florida in 2009. He is a recipient of several prestigious awards including two R&D 100 awards and one Federal Laboratory Consortium (FLC) award. He has received 14 patents and patent applications and authored 96 refereed journal articles and 3 book chapters. Seong Jin An is a Principal Engineer at Samsung Electronics leading rechargeable battery platforms for smartphone applications and has been employed there since late 2017. He had researched solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in the lithium-ion battery as a guest at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) (2014–2017). He worked at Samsung SDI in South Korea as a senior engineer developing PEM fuel cell stacks (2003–2011) and GS Fuel Cell in South Korea developing fuel processors for PEM fuel cell systems (2001–2003). He received his BS in Chemical Engineering from Seoul National University of Science and Technology in 1999, his MS in Chemical Engineering from Yonsei University, Seoul in 2001, his MS in Mechanical Engineering from Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh in 2014, and his PhD in Energy Science & Engineering from University of Tennessee, Knoxville in 2017. He studied PEM fuel cells and lithium-ion batteries with fellowships during his MS and PhD programs. He has received over 200 patents and authored 21 refereed journal articles and transactions papers.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Teacher’s preparation in ICT and its valuation in the formation of cabin boys in electromechanical technology from the non-commissioned officer naval school of Barranquilla
- Author
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Rosely Yavorski and Marlon Angulo Cetarez
- Subjects
education.field_of_study ,Medical education ,business.industry ,Population ,General Medicine ,Program manager ,Officer ,Navy ,Appropriation ,Information and Communications Technology ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Sociology ,Telematics ,Work site ,education ,business - Abstract
A teacher’s preparation is demanding, not only requiring the appropriation of a specific knowledge of teaching, but the development of communication skills for the management of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) as well. A continuous interaction with cabin boys (newly admitted students who last two years in the Non-Commissioned Officer Naval School) should be sought at the work site and wherever they are. This article, as a result of research in the Electromechanical Technology of the Non-Commissioned Officer Naval School of Barranquilla, presents the teachers’ preparation and how they perceive it within their teaching activities. The 24 teachers in technology have been used as a population, of which 12 teach in subjects directly related to the use of ICTs, and so comprising this study and therefore representing the sample. Information was taken from the teachers, technology program manager, cabin boys, the Statistics Department and the Telematics Department. The results show teachers with good levels of ICT training and a favorable perception in their use. A tendency to stay permanently updated is observed; however, there are some specific cases that prove otherwise. It is recommended to continue monitoring these processes by applying it to the other technologies and training schools of the National Navy.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. HOW DOES A PROGRAM MANAGER MAKE SENSE OF THE ACQUISITION PROGRAM'S ENVIRONMENT TO PREVENT PROBLEMS FROM INSTIGATING FAILURE? AN ANALYSIS OF INPUTS AND PROCESSES USED TO MAKE INFORMATIVE DECISIONS
- Author
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Jones, Raymond D., North, Dr. Richard, NIWC Pacific, Graduate School of Defense Management (GSDM), Butrico, Lauren A., Bolivar, Renee E., Livornese, Kathleen A., Jones, Raymond D., North, Dr. Richard, NIWC Pacific, Graduate School of Defense Management (GSDM), Butrico, Lauren A., Bolivar, Renee E., and Livornese, Kathleen A.
- Abstract
This Joint Applied Project is part of a more prominent research topic sponsored by Raymond Jones under the Acquisition Research Program at the Naval Postgraduate School's Graduate School of Defense Management to investigate how program managers gain insight into the decision-making process. This study uses qualitative research in the form of ethnographic interviewing as a research design to observe human behavior. This particular project gathers information from three DOD program managers and examines through illustrative examples how each program manager thinks when making decisions. Results indicate that sensemaking and explicit knowledge are the most influential factors for providing insight into decision-making. Our interpretation of these results suggests that interference hinders a program manager’s decision-making, and the acquisition process is tailorable but not as agile as it needs to be. Further research is recommended on how to tailor the acquisition process better to ensure a program manager’s decision-making prevents problems from instigating failure., Civilian, Defense Logistics Agency, Civilian, Department of the Navy, Civilian, Department of the Navy, Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.
- Published
- 2021
41. PROGRAM MANAGER PREPARATION AND ACQUISITION OUTCOMES
- Author
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Dunlap, Jeffrey R., Cisneros, Ruth, Marine Corps Systems Command, Graduate School of Defense Management (GSDM), Updike, Andrew R., Dunlap, Jeffrey R., Cisneros, Ruth, Marine Corps Systems Command, Graduate School of Defense Management (GSDM), and Updike, Andrew R.
- Abstract
The purpose of this project was to compare the program manager preparation of uniformed officers in United States Air Force, Army, Navy, and Marine Corps, and then analyze acquisition outcomes. Entry-level requirements to become a program manager in the four branches were identified and similarities and differences were established. Cost and schedule performance datasets from 2017-2019 were analyzed using select acquisition reports managed by uniformed personnel. The Air Force ranked best in cost and schedule performance. Reviewing the preparational process of each branch and comparing cost and schedule performance over a three-year period identified a correlation between early exposure to acquisition and better outcomes in cost and schedule., Captain, United States Marine Corps, Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.
- Published
- 2021
42. PROGRAM MANAGER PREPARATION AND ACQUISITION OUTCOMES
- Author
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Updike, Andrew R., Dunlap, Jeffrey R., Cisneros, Ruth, Marine Corps Systems Command, and Graduate School of Defense Management (GSDM)
- Subjects
preparation ,program manager ,acquisition outcomes ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS - Abstract
The purpose of this project was to compare the program manager preparation of uniformed officers in United States Air Force, Army, Navy, and Marine Corps, and then analyze acquisition outcomes. Entry-level requirements to become a program manager in the four branches were identified and similarities and differences were established. Cost and schedule performance datasets from 2017-2019 were analyzed using select acquisition reports managed by uniformed personnel. The Air Force ranked best in cost and schedule performance. Reviewing the preparational process of each branch and comparing cost and schedule performance over a three-year period identified a correlation between early exposure to acquisition and better outcomes in cost and schedule. Captain, United States Marine Corps Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.
- Published
- 2021
43. The Sensible Guide to Program Management Professional (PgMP)® Success
- Author
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Estee Wu and Te Wu
- Subjects
Engineering ,Portfolio manager ,business.industry ,Program management ,Study guide ,Plain English ,Realm ,Foundation (evidence) ,Public relations ,Program manager ,business - Abstract
A Sensible Guide to Program Management Professional (PgMP)® Success is for program managers preparing to take the PgMP exam based on The Standard for Program Management – 4th Edition (PgM4 Standard). It is designed for busy professionals whose responsibilities have taken them into the realm of coordinating, facilitating, managing, and leading programs. Program managers are leaders who are directly managing large amounts of project resources for their organizations. This study guide addresses three main concerns facing PgMP exam candidates: What are the essential concepts, processes, and tools that form the foundation of today’s program management? Since program management is still an emerging profession with professionals often working in different ways, what does this mean for a "standard" exam? More specifically, how does that impact your ability to pass the PgMP exam? What is the best way to prepare for the PgMP exam? To address the first concern, this book highlights the underlying rationale for program management: why it exists in organizations; why it is becoming ever more important; what programs are, especially for the purpose of passing the exam; how to think like a portfolio manager; and what the most important concepts, processes, and tools are for this profession. By simplifying complex ideas and communicating them in plain English with relevant examples, this book aims to help readers not only to pass the PgMP exam but also to serve as an essential guide for program managers. For the second concern, this book differs from other study guides by describing the author’s personal experience as a program manager and addressing the most pressing questions for each of the performance domains in The Standard for Program Management. To address the last concern, this book contains 420 practice questions, access to an online exam simulator and an online PgMP community, and a time-tested approach for passing the PgMP exam.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Defense technology development: does every country need an organization like DARPA?
- Author
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Durmaz, Mahmut
- Subjects
MILITARY technology ,INDUSTRIAL revolution ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,RESEARCH & development - Abstract
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) of the United States tries to create transformational defense technology that not only benefits the US military, but also its economy. With its ability to integrate civilian industry in the R&D process, DARPA taps into the knowhow and knowledge of the whole country. The dual-use systems DARPA develops enable the defense industry as well as other industries to reap the benefits of technological developments. DARPA’s program managers, who are experts in their field are the driving force for the innovations because they generate and put forward new ideas that can have a revolutionary impact on technology. They venture into various industries, universities, labs, and companies to seek new and far-fetched ideas that can turn into reality. This strong and independent manager program enables risk-taking and encourages creativity and innovation. DARPA’s achievements and techniques could be an inspiration and guidance to other countries with the need for strong defense forces. The purpose of this study is to understand what makes DARPA successful and find out whether every country needs an organization like DARPA. Although it requires a considerable budget, countries can benefit from establishing and maintaining an organization like DARPA as it will help these countries in the long run by making them ready to fight the next war and by creating advanced technology that can serve the whole nation and the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. The Role of the PMO in Advancing Project Managers' skills to Sustain Organizational Value.
- Author
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Karkukly, Waffa
- Subjects
PROJECT management offices ,PROJECT management ,ORGANIZATIONAL change - Abstract
Project Management Offices (PMOs) have proved their importance and significance in organizations especially in project based organizations in terms of advancing project delivery and improving project management standardization. There are higher expectations of PMOs in terms of strategy execution through portfolio management and alignment with organizational change management. When speaking of PMO functions, project portfolio management is at the top of the list of PMO functions, then project delivery, followed by project methodology, project reporting, and finally in that long list project/program managers (PMs) development. The (PMs) development function does not attract a prominent attention in the listing of PMOs functions as other functions do. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to first, highlight the role of the PMO in advancing (PMs) skills. Second, to list the benefits organizations achieve as a result on PMs' skills advancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
46. HOW DOES A PROGRAM MANAGER MAKE SENSE OF THE ACQUISITION PROGRAM'S ENVIRONMENT TO PREVENT PROBLEMS FROM INSTIGATING FAILURE? AN ANALYSIS OF INPUTS AND PROCESSES USED TO MAKE INFORMATIVE DECISIONS
- Author
-
Butrico, Lauren A., Bolivar, Renee E., Livornese, Kathleen A., Jones, Raymond D., North, Dr. Richard, NIWC Pacific, and Graduate School of Defense Management (GSDM)
- Subjects
program management complexity ,intuition ,program manager ,acquisition program ,program of record ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS ,trust ,decision-making ,NDM ,environment ,grounded theory - Abstract
This Joint Applied Project is part of a more prominent research topic sponsored by Raymond Jones under the Acquisition Research Program at the Naval Postgraduate School's Graduate School of Defense Management to investigate how program managers gain insight into the decision-making process. This study uses qualitative research in the form of ethnographic interviewing as a research design to observe human behavior. This particular project gathers information from three DOD program managers and examines through illustrative examples how each program manager thinks when making decisions. Results indicate that sensemaking and explicit knowledge are the most influential factors for providing insight into decision-making. Our interpretation of these results suggests that interference hinders a program manager’s decision-making, and the acquisition process is tailorable but not as agile as it needs to be. Further research is recommended on how to tailor the acquisition process better to ensure a program manager’s decision-making prevents problems from instigating failure. Civilian, Defense Logistics Agency Civilian, Department of the Navy Civilian, Department of the Navy Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.
- Published
- 2021
47. Your Role as a Program Manager in Pit Production Mission Integration (PPMI-DO)
- Author
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Laura A. Worl, R. W. Margevicius, Rudy Goetzman, and Michelle Silva
- Subjects
Engineering management ,Production (economics) ,Business ,Program manager - Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Abstract P867: Stroke Facilitators Provide Support to the Intensive Care Unit Nurse
- Author
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Robin D’Ambrosio and Elizabeth Avis
- Subjects
Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Program manager ,Advanced life support ,Facilitator ,Intensive care ,Ischemic stroke ,medicine ,Neurology (clinical) ,Medical emergency ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Rapid response team ,business ,Stroke ,Intensive care unit nurse - Abstract
Purpose: The Stroke Program manager (SPM) collaborated with the Rapid Response Team Nurses (RRTRN) to develop a facilitator process for patients in the intensive care units (ICU) presenting with stroke symptoms. The SPM developed a process to include activation of the Rapid Response Team (RRT) which included dedicated RRTRNs for all non-ICU stroke alerts (SA). This new SA improved care coordination, patient outcomes and improved the nurse work environment. The SPM identified the need for a similar SA process in the ICUs. Jointly, the SPM and RRTRNs developed a process to expand the RRTRN role to facilitate SAs in all ICUs. Methods: The SPM proposed involvement of the RRTRNs in the SA for ICU patients to the RRT Subcommittee with the support of nursing leadership. This new process would involve the RRTRN responding to all SA activations in the ICU. Care coordination shifted to a leadership couplet: the RRTRN and the ICURN. Implementation included specialized education orientation and scripted materials. The ICU RNs were educated on this unique process. This cutting edge process was incorporated into the RRT matrix to accommodate simultaneous RRT and SA alert activations. The RRTRNs provided efficient care coordination, dependable documentation, enhanced patient outcomes and support to the ICU RN. Evaluation: Utilizing RRTRNs as stroke facilitators bolstered the stroke alert process in the ICUS. When a patient exhibits sudden stroke like symptoms, the RRTRNs bring their expertise to the bedside, specifically by achieving the stroke metrics. ICU patients already have complex needs and the addition of a stroke complication is not a common occurrence. Creating this small group of “stroke experts” outside the ICU transferred easily into the ICU setting. Since its implementation, the facilitated 60 ICU SA focusing on the aspects of stroke care while the ICU nurse continues to maintain the critically ill patient. Implications for Practice: ICU are often very specialized in the care they deliver, but a stroke can traverse all of those specialties. Developing a small group of experts in stroke, provided consistency, support, and overall better care and outcomes for a patient when every moment counts. Utilizing the existing group of RRTRNs was fiscally sound as well as practical.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Levels of Review
- Author
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Jeffrey S. Young
- Subjects
Event (computing) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Trauma center ,medicine.disease ,Program manager ,Unit (housing) ,Patient safety ,Work (electrical) ,Multidisciplinary approach ,medicine ,Quality (business) ,Medical emergency ,Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
No trauma center can examine every possible event completely. Events and metrics must be triaged for a program to be effective. In this chapter, we discuss the different levels of PI review, from review by the trauma program manager all the way to a hospital credentials committee. The first level is local review by the patient care unit where an incident occurred. Next is review by the trauma program manager or PI coordinator, and beyond that is review by the trauma medical director. Issues that are significant are then evaluated by the multidisciplinary PI group. The next level would be involvement of the hospital quality program and then the rare case where external review would be necessary. For some types of the issues (such as issues that cross patient care units or that involve major hospital departments), it is necessary to bring in people who work in those areas to provide frontline information and analysis.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Facilitators and Barriers to Implementation of the Pharmacy DOTS Initiative in Selected Project Sites in the Philippines
- Author
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Jonathan P. Guevarra, Diana Dalisay A. Orolfo, Ronald Allan M. Fabella, Amiel Nazer C. Bermudez, Kim L. Cochon, Eden C. Mendoza, Michelle D. Avelino, Jorel A. Manalo, Azar G. Agbon, and Carl Abelardo T. Antonio
- Subjects
Program evaluation ,Medical education ,business.industry ,Key informants ,Scale (social sciences) ,Psychological intervention ,Referral system ,Pharmacy ,General Medicine ,Thematic analysis ,Program manager ,business - Abstract
Objectives. The Pharmacy DOTS Initiative (PDI) was relaunched on a larger scale in 2014 through the Innovations and Multi-Sectoral Partnerships to Achieve Control of Tuberculosis (IMPACT) project. This paper aimed to assess the PDI program through IMPACT by identifying the facilitating and hindering factors in its implementation. The identified factors are classified as to the affected stakeholders or processes. Methodology. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the PDI Program Manager and four NTP coordinators from selected project sites. Thematic analysis was done to determine the recurring facilitating and hindering factors as identified by the key informants. Results. Facilitating factors identified include cooperation of the stakeholders, capability-building and a good referral system. The barriers to the implementation were grouped into patient-related, pharmacy-related, health center related, program-related as well as external factors. Conclusion. The referral system created through PDI facilitated the flow of referrals starting from the pharmacy. This enabled presumptive patients to have access to health facilities for TB. Hindering factors contributed to the inability of the engaged pharmacies to sustain their consistency and commitment in conducting the PDI interventions.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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