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The electronic control module is an important part of a digital electronic detonator, which undergoes a complex production process that includes three electrical performance tests and three visual inspection procedures. In each inspection procedure, several different types of data are generated daily, including numerical and categorical data. To evaluate the production quality of electronic control modules, an algorithm based on a Deep Belief Network with Multi-mutation Differential Evolution (MDE-DBN) is designed in this study. First, key indicators are extracted to construct a production quality evaluation index system. A Multi-mutation Differential Evolution algorithm is designed to optimize the initial network weights of the Deep Belief Network (DBN) and integrate the production quality information into the pre-training phase. Subsequently, the preprocessed experimental data are input into the MDE-DBN algorithm to obtain the distributions of excellent, general, and unqualified production statuses, verifying the effectiveness of the algorithm. The experimental results show that the MDE-DBN algorithm has significant advantages in evaluation accuracy when compared with DBNs improved by other intelligent optimization algorithms and machine learning methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the manufacturing industry, mass production enables manufacturers to produce parts with high precision and lower costs. Multiple shifts operate production processes to maximize efficiency. Several researches have been conducted on the impact of shift work on labor's health and habits. However, there have been few studies on the influence of shift work on the consistency of product quality. This paper provides a methodology to analyze the impact of different work shifts in a real electronic board manufacturing industry. The study uses big data and analytics to assess product quality from data. Non-parametric kernel density estimation is used to approximate the distribution of good products in each work slot. Then several metrics are used to measure the dissimilarity between the estimated densities. The approach can be leveraged in various problems related to process performance and quality. The obtained results show that there is no significant difference in terms of product quality between work shifts. These prove the consistency of the manufacturing processes and the homogeneity of performance across work shifts in the studied factory. Compared to the literature, the paper presents the first quantitative analysis to compare production process performance and product quality over shift works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction on the growth and development, nutrient utilization, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied, and the feasibility of nitrogen fertilizer reduction was preliminarily clarified, which provided a theoretical basis for the sustainable production of flue-cured tobacco.【Method】Five treatments were set up, including no fertilization (control), conventional nitrogen application, 10% reduction of nitrogen fertilizer, 20% reduction of nitrogen fertilizer and 30% reduction of nitrogen fertilizer. The agronomic traits, economic traits, chemical composition and fertilizer utilization rate of tobacco plants in each treatment were compared and analyzed.【Result】An appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer reduction could shorten the growth period of flue-cured tobacco, and significantly increased the plant height, effective leaf number and maximum leaf width. In terms of chemical composition of tobacco leaves, the indexes of reducing sugar content, total nitrogen content and nicotine content of flue-cured tobacco leaves treated with nitrogen fertilizer reduction by 10% were all within the requirements of conventional chemical composition indexes of high-quality flue-cured tobacco in Yunnan. In terms of appearance quality of tobacco leaves, the color of flue-cured tobacco leaves treated with nitrogen fertilizer reduction of 10% and 20% was orange, the structure was loose or still loose, the oil was sufficient, and the appearance quality of tobacco leaves was better. In terms of nitrogen nutrient distribution, the nitrogen content of each part of tobacco plants showed the rule of leaf > stem > root, and the nitrogen content of tobacco leaves was significantly increased under the treatment of 10% nitrogen reduction. In terms of nitrogen use efficiency, after reducing nitrogen application by 10% and 20%, the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate, agronomic efficiency and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer increased by 10.15%, 9.31%, 3.66%, 5.22%, 5.22%, 8.72%, respectively. After reducing nitrogen application by 30%, there was no significant difference between nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate and conventional nitrogen application rate. In terms of economic traits, the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco increased by 6.47% and 16.18% after reducing nitrogen fertilizer by 10%.【Conclusion】The reduction of nitrogen fertilizer by 10% and 20% significantly affected the agronomic traits, nutrient distribution, chemical composition and economic traits of tobacco plants, however, the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer by 30% had no significant effect on the agronomic traits and economic traits of tobacco plants. The appropriate reduction of nitrogen fertilizer application promoted the growth of flue-cured tobacco, and improved the yield and quality as well as fertilizer utilization rate of flue-cured tobacco.

Using chicken manure biochar organic fertilizer as the material, the effects of different dosage and biochar application on the growth, development, and quality of Shangluo flue-cured tobacco were studied, in order to provide a theoretical basis for reducing the cost of using organic fertilizer in Shangluo tobacco area. In 2022, a community experiment was conducted on the application technology of chicken manure biochar organic fertilizer in Luonan County, Shangluo City, Shaanxi Province. Six treatments were set up: T1 [ conventional fertilization+ commercial chicken manure (450 kg/hm²) ], T2 [conventional fertilization + commercial chicken manure (900 kg/hm²)], T3 [conventional fertilization+commercial chicken manure (1 050 kg/hm²)], N1 [conventional fertilization+70 chicken manure/30 biochar (750 kg/hm²)], N2 [conventional fertilization+80 chicken manure/20 biochar (750 kg/hm²)] and N3 [conventional fertilization+90 chicken manure/10 biochar (750 kg/hm²)], with CK(conventional fertilization, no organic fertilizer) and CK, (conventional fertilization+tobacco company set organic fertilizer) as controls. The results showed that chicken manure biochar organic fertilizer could significantly improve the agronomic traits and disease resistance of tobacco plants; chicken manure biochar organic fertilizer increased the material accumulation of tobacco plants and enriched their organic elements; chicken manure biochar organic fertilizer significantly improved the economic traits of flue-cured tobacco. The combination of chicken manure and biochar was beneficial for improving the yield and quality of Shangluo flue-cured tobacco, among which N2 treatment [conventional fertilization+80 chicken manure/20 biochar (750 kg/hm²)] has the best effect on improving the growth and development of Shangluo flue-cured tobacco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demographic crisis in Bulgaria, marked by the shrinking population, has significant implications for economic growth. This study examines these effects from 1980 to 2022 through the lens of neoclassical economics and empirical modeling. While the crisis is usually associated with negative consequences, the article reveals a potentially counterintuitive phenomenon: the overestimation of labor productivity, estimated at nearly 60% and caused by the demographic crisis, leads to the so-called “growth illusion”. The article shows that the demographic crisis artificially inflates productivity indicators, thus concealing the poor quality of production and threatening long-term economic stability. The results highlight the need for policies to address the structural challenges of the labor market and the confirmed overestimation of its productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to screen new varieties of flue-cured tobacco suitable for the ecological environment of Xunyi tobacco area, and to provide a basis for the production and utilization of high-quality tobacco leaves, we used Qinyan 99 as the control in 2022, which was the main cultivar in Xunyi tobacco growing area. The differences in field growth period, botanical properties, agronomic properties, field natural incidence rate, economic properties, conventional chemical composition content, appearance quality and sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco were compared among Qinyan 99, Qinyan 96, Qinyan 201, Zhongyan 100, Yuyan 13 and Y2001. Results showed that there was little difference in the growth period among different tobacco varieties, ranging from 142 to 155 days; Qinyan 96 and Y2001 had strong growth potential in the field, strong disease resistance, high yield, output value and the proportion of medium to high grade tobacco. They had excellent appearance and sensory quality, and good coordination of chemical components, which could be used as reserve varieties for promotion and planting in Xunyi tobacco area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The research aimed to study the suitable planting density of tobacco to highlight the quality of tobacco leaves in Liangshan area. [Method] Yunyan 85 was used as the test material, and four tobacco planting density treatments were set up in the plot comparison test. Under the two row spacing transplanting specifications, the row spacing was used for the test. [Result] The agronomic traits of D1 and D2 (900 and 1 000 plants/ hm² ) were better. The average price of flue-cured tobacco leaves and the proportion of superior tobacco leaves after treatment D1 were higher, and the economic benefits were better. The appearance quality evaluation score of D1 was the highest and the performance was better. When the row spacing was 120 cm, the content of total sugar and reducing sugar in treatment D1 was higher, the content of nicotine was higher and suitable, and the ratio of potassium to chlorine was suitable. When the row spacing was 110 cm, the nicotine content of treatment D1 was suitable, the ratio of nitrogen to alkali was the closest to the optimal value, and the ratio of potassium to chlorine was the highest and suitable, which made the chemical composition of the treatment better. The aroma quality, aroma quantity, aftertaste and total score of sensory quality of tobacco leaves treated with D1 were higher and the quality grade was better. [Conclusion] The suitable planting density of tobacco leaves in Liangshan tobacco area was 900 plants/ hm², and all indexes of this treatment performed well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction on the growth and development, nutrient utilization, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied, and the feasibility of nitrogen fertilizer reduction was preliminarily clarified, which provided a theoretical basis for the sustainable production of flue-cured tobacco.【Method】Five treatments were set up, including no fertilization (control), conventional nitrogen application, 10% reduction of nitrogen fertilizer, 20% reduction of nitrogen fertilizer and 30% reduction of nitrogen fertilizer. The agronomic traits, economic traits, chemical composition and fertilizer utilization rate of tobacco plants in each treatment were compared and analyzed.【Result】An appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer reduction could shorten the growth period of flue-cured tobacco, and significantly increased the plant height, effective leaf number and maximum leaf width. In terms of chemical composition of tobacco leaves, the indexes of reducing sugar content, total nitrogen content and nicotine content of flue-cured tobacco leaves treated with nitrogen fertilizer reduction by 10% were all within the requirements of conventional chemical composition indexes of highquality flue-cured tobacco in Yunnan. In terms of appearance quality of tobacco leaves, the color of flue-cured tobacco leaves treated with nitrogen fertilizer reduction of 10% and 20% was orange, the structure was loose or still loose, the oil was sufficient, and the appearance quality of tobacco leaves was better. In terms of nitrogen nutrient distribution, the nitrogen content of each part of tobacco plants showed the rule of leaf > stem > root, and the nitrogen content of tobacco leaves was significantly increased under the treatment of 10% nitrogen reduction. In terms of nitrogen use efficiency, after reducing nitrogen application by 10% and 20%, the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate, agronomic efficiency and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer increased by 10.15%, 9.31%, 3.66%, 5.22%, 5.22%, 8.72%, respectively. After reducing nitrogen application by 30%, there was no significant difference between nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate and conventional nitrogen application rate. In terms of economic traits, the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco increased by 6.47% and 16.18% after reducing nitrogen fertilizer by 10%.【Conclusion】The reduction of nitrogen fertilizer by 10% and 20% significantly affected the agronomic traits, nutrient distribution, chemical composition and economic traits of tobacco plants, however, the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer by 30% had no significant effect on the agronomic traits and economic traits of tobacco plants. The appropriate reduction of nitrogen fertilizer application promoted the growth of flue-cured tobacco, and improved the yield and quality as well as fertilizer utilization rate of flue-cured tobacco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the effects of plant exogenous regulators on the growth, yield, quality, and disease of Zhusha tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.), preliminarily clarify the potential application of these regulators in improving the quality and efficiency of Zhusha tobacco, in this study, Zhushayan 1 was used as the experimental material, and four treatments were set up: local conventional control(A1), Duolilai(A2), arginine-boron-zinc complex(A3), and choline chloride(A4). The growth period, agronomic traits, disease incidence, photosynthetic characteristics, economic traits, appearance quality of raw tobacco, and chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco leaves were compared and analyzed. The results showed that compared to the local conventional treatment(A1), the growth periods of tobacco plants were prolonged after the application of the three exogenous regulators. The plant height, stem girth, number of effective leaves, and maximum leaf area increased significantly by 2.21%- 6.56%, 12.96%-19.79%, 3.13%-7.85%, and 2.21%-6.56%, respectively. The morbidity and severity of the main diseases affecting tobacco plants were significantly reduced. The morbidity of mosaic disease, climatic spot disease, black shink disease, and plaque virus disease-decreased by 23.21%-36.71%, 15.03%-21.29%, 17.3%-27.48%, and 4.74%-28.86%, respectively. The photosynthetic characteristics of the leaves were significantly enhanced, with the net photosynthetic rate increasing by 2.46%- 7.85%.The yield, average price, output value, and proportion of middle and superior tobacco leaves increased significantly by 1.81%-3.35%, 1.12%-8.69%, 2.98%-12.28%, and 0.18%-1.88%, respectively. The chemical composition content, coordination, and sensory quality were significantly improved as well. In summary, the application of Duolilai, arginine-boronzinc complex, and choline chloride could effectively promote the growth and development of Zhusha tobacco, reduce the incidence of diseases, and significantly improve the quality of tobacco leaves. Among these treatments, Duolilai had the best effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper elucidates the determinants of dishonest behaviour affecting various domains and aims to demonstrate how addressing these practices can substantially improve overall quality. Methodology/Approach: A framed laboratory experiment with economics students from the University of West Bohemia was conducted, where participants chose between honest and lower-quality production. Using the Holt-Laury method, we measured risk aversion and personality traits using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Findings: Increased inspection probability significantly reduced lower-quality production, with a statistical significance level of less than 1%. Thinking type of personality and Risk Aversion are significant at the 10% level, indicating a moderate impact. Conversely, punishment and rewards were statistically insignificant, with p-values exceeding 10%. Research Limitation/implication: The study is limited by its homogeneous sample of economics students from a single university and insufficient gender representation, which may affect generalizability. Originality/Value of paper: This research provides insights into how inspection probabilities, rewards, punishments, risk aversion, and personal characteristics influence dishonest behaviour, aiding the development of strategies to reduce dishonesty and improve overall quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Robot manipulators are classified as serial manipulators and parallel manipulators. Parallel manipulators are classified into planar and spatial parallel manipulators (SPMs). The parallel manipulators have moved and fixed platforms connected with serial chains. The parallel manipulators have many linkages, which create a singularity problem. The singular positions of SPMs have also gained substantial attention in various industrial applications due to their intrinsic advantages in precision, flexibility, and load-bearing capabilities. The 3-PRPPS SPM has three prismatic joints, one spherical joint, and one revolute joint. This work changed the fixed base with a circular guided base to avoid singularity issues. The manipulator was modeled with direct kinematic relations. The Jacobian matrix for position and orientation was derived. The workspace was taken as the common area of the three circles, whose radius was the maximum arm length. The position and orientation of the end effector were traced. In the form of the end effector traces, no singularities in the mechanism were observed. The path of the robot manipulator was observed in all the possible positions and orientations. The multi-body simulation was also conducted on the 3-PRPPS manipulator, the main findings of which are presented in this article.

The electronic control module is an important part of a digital electronic detonator, which undergoes a complex production process that includes three electrical performance tests and three visual inspection procedures. In each inspection procedure, several different types of data are generated daily, including numerical and categorical data. To evaluate the production quality of electronic control modules, an algorithm based on a Deep Belief Network with Multi-mutation Differential Evolution (MDE-DBN) is designed in this study. First, key indicators are extracted to construct a production quality evaluation index system. A Multi-mutation Differential Evolution algorithm is designed to optimize the initial network weights of the Deep Belief Network (DBN) and integrate the production quality information into the pre-training phase. Subsequently, the preprocessed experimental data are input into the MDE-DBN algorithm to obtain the distributions of excellent, general, and unqualified production statuses, verifying the effectiveness of the algorithm. The experimental results show that the MDE-DBN algorithm has significant advantages in evaluation accuracy when compared with DBNs improved by other intelligent optimization algorithms and machine learning methods.

To give full play to the production potential of Xiangyan 7 and to optimize the supporting planting technology, the effects of 9 differ- ent field structures on the yield and quality of Xiangyan 7 were studied by split plot design. The research results showed that the two field struc- tures were 21 leaves left after topping and 4 leaves removed at the bottom, and 22 leaves left after topping and 5 leaves removed at the bottom. These two field structures were most favorable for Xiangyan 7 to obtain higher yield and better quality of tobacco leaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Myopia or nearsightedness is a vision condition that cannot see distant objects clearly. This condition is increasingly common around the world, including in Indonesia. In the workplace, myopia can be a problem for production operators who need sharp vision to perform their tasks well. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of decreased eye vision (myopia) in production operators in the workplace and its impact on the quality of production results. This research uses qualitative research methods. The data collection technique in this research is by literature study. The data that has been collected is then processed through three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that operators suffering from myopia can experience a decrease in production output for three main reasons, including myopia sufferers tend to have difficulty seeing details that can affect the accuracy and quality of work, myopia conditions can cause eye fatigue which can reduce the efficiency and productivity of operators in carrying out production tasks and myopia can cause discomfort in physical members, such as the neck, shoulders and back, due to improper posture during work. In addition, myopia can also increase the risk of work accidents due to impaired vision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessing the best set of maintenance guidelines for various types of failures is often a challenging and complex task. It requires understanding various factors such as safety aspects, environmental issues, energy savings, costs, budget constraints, system reliability, resource utilization, and more. Implementing the correct maintenance process is a critical step in production to increase reliability and improve the effectiveness and quality of the production system. Despite the significant importance of this issue, there are not many studies that analyse and develop procedures for selecting the optimal maintenance strategy. This paper presents the selection of the optimal maintenance strategy using multicriteria decisionmaking, specifically the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), for a case study involving a company in the automotive industry. The defined alternatives are the four most commonly used machine maintenance strategies in the industry: corrective, preventive, condition-based maintenance, and total productive maintenance. The decision criteria considered in the analysis are: production quality, reliability, costs, and safety, along with their respective sub-criteria.

Assessing the best set of maintenance guidelines for various types of failures is often a challenging and complex task. It requires understanding various factors such as safety aspects, environmental issues, energy savings, costs, budget constraints, system reliability, resource utilization, and more. Implementing the correct maintenance process is a critical step in production to increase reliability and improve the effectiveness and quality of the production system. Despite the significant importance of this issue, there are not many studies that analyse and develop procedures for selecting the optimal maintenance strategy. This paper presents the selection of the optimal maintenance strategy using multicriteria decisionmaking, specifically the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), for a case study involving a company in the automotive industry. The defined alternatives are the four most commonly used machine maintenance strategies in the industry: corrective, preventive, condition-based maintenance, and total productive maintenance. The decision criteria considered in the analysis are: production quality, reliability, costs, and safety, along with their respective sub-criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] To clarify the formula of high-carbon-based organic fertilizer suitable for tobacco areas in Guangxi. [Method]Field experiments were carried out in Baise, Hezhou and Hechi tobacco areas of Guangxi by different fertilization treatments (no fertilization, conventional fertilization, conventional fertilization with different formulas of high-carbon base fertilizer). [Result]In Baise tobacco area, conventional fertilization + star anise high-carbon-based fertilizer was helpful for tobacco plant growth. It could promote the development of tobacco roots, and the total root length, root volume and root tip number were higher than those of the control. It could improve the chemical composition of post-roast cigarette and increase the potassium-to-chloride ratio and glyco-alkali ratio of post-roast tobacco; It could improve the economic indicators of post-flue-cured tobacco, increase the proportion of high-grade tobacco, output and output value; The pH was within the appropriate range; it could increase the content of nitrate, ammonium nitrogen and available phosphorus in the root surrounding soil, which could increase by 55.29%, 35.98% and 43.86% compared with conventional fertilization. In Hezhou tobacco area, the fertilization treatment of conventional fertilization + high-carbon based fertilizer No. 3 was helpful for the opening of the upper leaf, and the leaf length and leaf width increased by 7 and 3 cm compared with conventional fertilization. Compared with conventional fertilization, root length and root volume increased by 12.48% and 52.53%, respectively. The chemical composition of post-roasted tobacco is more reasonable, which increases the sugar content of post-roasted tobacco and forms a fragrant sweetness; The proportion of post-flue-cured tobacco of B1F and B2F grades reached 17.29% and 35.47%, and the output value reached 32 521.35 Yuan/hm². In Hechi tobacco area, the fertilization treatment of conventional fertilizer nitrogen reduction by 10% + high-carbon-based fertilizer No. 7 was conducive to the opening of the middle and upper leaves, compared with the conventional treatment, the plant height increased by 11.93%, and the leaf length and leaf width of the middle and upper leaves increased by 11.34%, 17.48%, 11.61% and 12.70%, respectively. The effect of promoting root development was obvious, and the root volume increased by 18.39% compared with conventional fertilization. It could improve the chemical composition of post-flue-cured tobacco, increase the potassium content and potassium-chloride ratio of post-roasted tobacco; The proportion of high-grade tobacco reached 46.10%, and the output value reached 39 520.95 Yuan/hm². [Conclusion] Conventional fertilization + star anise, high-carbon based fertilizer in Baise tobacco area could promote the growth and development of tobacco, improve the chemical composition of post-flue-cured tobacco, improve the economic characteristics of post-flue-cured tobacco, improve pH and increase the available nutrient content, and this fertilizer application amount was more suitable for promotion in Baise tobacco area. When fertilization treatment in Hezhou tobacco area was conventional fertilization+high carbon-based fertilizer No. 3, it could promote the opening of upper leaves, root development, coordinate the chemical composition of post-flue-cured tobacco, and improve the output value yield, and this fertilizer application amount is more suitable for promotion in Hezhou tobacco area; Fertilization treatment in Hechi tobacco area could promote the opening of upper leaves, root development, coordinate the chemical composition of post-flue-cured tobacco, and improve the output value when the fertilizer treatment was reduced by 10% + high-carbon-based fertilizer No. 7 in Hechi tobacco area, and this fertilizer application amount was more suitable for promotion in Hechi tobacco area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the current study is to explore the use of system dynamics (SD) modelling as a tool to examine the impacts of human factors in production on worker low back injury, productivity and quality performance parameters. The SD model was created using relationships in the scientific literature. This data supplemented with input from both a quality and a safety manager in an automotive plant, who also reviewed the resulting causal loop diagrams. Results showed that, over the 5-year simulation period of the base model, percentage of operators reporting low back pain increased from ∼0% to 1.3%, human error rates increased by 40%, and production rate dropped by 0.2%. This example model addressed three risk factors for a single injury type – and is therefore an underestimate of total system impacts of poor HF. While the extension of the model is needed, the current example highlights a cautionary point for managers and designers who may not see an immediate impact of a poor design but may face increased injury, quality and productivity problems over time. This novel application of SD modelling can help isolate and quantify these effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco in south of Jiangxi Province, as well as the yield and quality of tobacco leaves, and to clarify the appropriate nitrogen application rate in tobacco area. Fluecured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 was used as the material, five nitrogen fertilizer application experiments with different gradients (120.0, 127.5, 135.0, 142.5 and 150.0 kg/hm²) were conducted. A randomized block design was used to study the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the agronomic traits, yield, output value, and quality of flue-cured tobacco in the southern Jiangxi tobacco region. The results showed that within a certain range of nitrogen application, with the increase of nitrogen application rate, the stem circumference, effective leaf number, yield, average price, output value, and proportion of middle to upper grade tobacco of flue-cured tobacco increased. When the pure nitrogen application rate exceeded 142.5 kg/hm², the yield and quality of tobacco leaves decreased. At a nitrogen application rate of 142.5 kg/hm², tobacco plants exhibited excellent growth vigor, agronomic traits, highest yield, and relatively coordinated internal chemical components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excessive use of nitrogen (N) pollutes the environment and causes greenhouse gas emissions; however, the application of eco-friendly plant biostimulators (BSs) can overcome these issues. Therefore, this paper aimed to explore the role of diluted bee honey solution (DHS) in attenuating the adverse impacts of N toxicity on Phaseolus vulgaris growth, yield quality, physio-chemical properties, and defense systems. For this purpose, the soil was fertilized with 100, 125, and 150% of the recommended N dose (RND), and the plants were sprayed with 1.5% DHS. Trials were arranged in a two-factor split-plot design (N levels occupied main plots × DH– occupied subplots). Excess N (150% RND) caused a significant decline in plant growth, yield quality, photosynthesis, and antioxidants, while significantly increasing oxidants and oxidative damage [hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2•−), nitrate, electrolyte leakage (EL), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels]. However, DHS significantly improved antioxidant activities (glutathione and nitrate reductases, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, proline, ascorbate, α-tocopherol, and glutathione) and osmoregulatory levels (soluble protein, glycine betaine, and soluble sugars). Enzyme gene expressions showed the same trend as enzyme activities. Additionally, H2O2, O2•−, EL, MDA, and nitrate levels were significantly declined, reflecting enhanced growth, yield, fruit quality, and photosynthetic efficiency. The results demonstrate that DHS can be used as an eco-friendly approach to overcome the harmful impacts of N toxicity on P. vulgaris plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Productivity and production quality have become primary goals for the success of companies in all industrial and manufacturing sectors. Performance in terms of productivity is influenced by several factors including machinery efficiency, work environment and safety conditions, production processes organization, and aspects related to workers' behavior (human factors). In particular, work-related stress is among the human factors that are most impactful and difficult to capture. Thus, optimizing productivity and quality in an effective way requires considering all these factors simultaneously. The proposed system aims to detect workers' stress and fatigue in real time using wearable sensors and machine learning techniques and also integrate all data regarding the monitoring of production processes and the work environment into a single platform. This allows comprehensive multidimensional data analysis and correlation research, enabling organizations to improve productivity through appropriate work environments and sustainable processes for workers. The on-field trial demonstrated the technical and operational feasibility of the system, its high degree of usability, and the ability to detect stress from ECG signals exploiting a 1D Convolutional Neural Network (accuracy 88.4%, F1-score 0.90). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to examine the requirements of producers in post-communist countries with lower economic level. The first requirement was how to overcome the limitations of conventional PFMEA to propose measures effectively. The second requirement solved the economic effect of failure modes. The aim of the paper was to create a new hybrid PFMEA–DEMATEL–ERPN model to manage failure modes to resolve the requirements. The DEMATEL model overcame the limitations of PFMEA. DEMATEL data were used to estimate the functionality of the proposed models. Criteria such as the occurrence of defective products and the probability of their occurrence (O and RPN) were monitored. ERPN also overcame the limitations of PFMEA. Internal and external costs arise as effects of failure modes. The costs were included in the economic evaluation of the models. We validated the models in a transfer pressing process. The estimation of models' functionality proved to be correct. The economic evaluation refined the research results and resolved the second requirement of the manufacturers. The DEMATEL and ERPN models (compared to PFMEA) proved their validity when the use of PFMEA was limited. By using DEMATEL, we registered the lowest number of defective products and the lowest costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Local radio has played a significant role in keeping local cocoa farmers informed about their farming activities. However, the experiences of these local farmers who should be the real owners of community radio have not been captured. It would be possible to increase cocoa production if the experiences of local cocoa farmers were given the attention needed. Using a quantitative research approach, the multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 385 respondents. Data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations and Kendall's coefficient of concordance. Results show that farmers were undecided about their reliance on community radio and the role it plays in disseminating agricultural information. However, they understood the agricultural-related information disseminated on community radio. They agreed that the content and presentation of community radio programs were suitable for them but were undecided on the transmission quality and community involvement. Interference from local leaders was the most severe challenge facing farmers' use of community radio. In order to improve extension delivery there is a need for policymakers and agricultural extension stakeholders to implement programs that will encourage farmers to set up and rely on community radio as a great alternative source of information for their farming activities. This is also necessary to improve the currently low contact of extension agents with farmers, thus, reducing the extension farmer ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The productivity of an organization is closely related to the improvement of the safety and health of employees and the development of knowledge and skills of human resources in advancing the organization goals. Based on a combination of questionnaire and survey, this study examines the impact of implementing safety management practices on the performance and job satisfaction of employees in Iran's production units. Research Method: This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted in 1400 on 200 employees and managers of the Hacoupian clothing industrial company located in Tehran province. 130 of them were selected based on random sampling using the Morgan table. Data collection tools included a researcher-made questionnaire, which was further confirmed by experts by applying their opinions regarding its validity and reliability. It was approved by experts. The analysis method in this study is mainly descriptive and the type of research is relational. Data and research hypotheses were respectively tested using Structural equation modeling (SEM) and Partial least squares (PLS) approach through SPSS26 software. Results: Findings showed the appropriate fit of measurement and structural models. In addition, results demonstrated the positive effect of improving safety on the job satisfaction of employees in production units, as well as the negative effects of not paying attention to the health of the working environment on the quality of employees' performance. Conclusion: The more companies and governments pay attention to the issue of operational health and safety, the organizational and environmental situation will be formed in such a way that it will optimally motivate employees and increase the quality of production and operations in the organization.

5S (Sort, Set in order, Shine, Standardize, dan Self Discipline) is a work culture that must be applied in all workplaces both in the formal and informal sectors. The implementation of 5S aims to make workers feel comfortable and safe while working. In addition, the application of 5S can make work more effective and efficient because it can eliminate wasted time due to more time to search for goods, work areas that look full due to excess equipment and un needed goods or dirty environments. Furniture Works In Semanding District, Kauman, Ponorogo is one of the informal sectors that have not implemented 5R. This is seen from the condition of the work area full of unnecessary equipment and goods, messy, and dirty. Therefore, researchers conducted research analysis of the application of 5S in Furniture Works. Purpose: The purpose of the research to know the application of the principle of 5S in Furniture Works. Method: This research uses qualitative design. The research was conducted with direct observation and using the 5S checklist. Research Results: The results showed that the application of 5S in Furniture Works is still not good. This is evident from the achievement of the 5S as a whole which is below 50%. Conclusion: The results of the study concluded that the implementation of 5S in Furniture Works is still lacking so it is necessary to conduct training on 5S and internal audits periodically.

This extensive experimental research provides strong empirical proof of the revolutionary power of deep learning algorithms when integrated into Industry 5.0. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN), and Transformers are a few examples of deep learning algorithms that have shown remarkable accuracy rates of 92.3%, 88.7%, and 95.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the processing durations, which vary between 15 and 25 milliseconds, confirm their ability to make decisions in real time. The abundance of various data accessible in Industry 5.0 is highlighted by data collection sources such as picture databases (300 GB), text corpora (150 GB), equipment records (250 GB), and IoT sensor data (500 GB). The significant energy savings, shown by 20% reductions across a range of machine types, highlight the financial and ecological advantages of deep learning integration. Moreover, the noteworthy improvements in production quality, exhibiting up to 50% reductions in defect rates, highlight the potential of deep learning in quality assurance. These results provide tangible proof of the critical roles deep learning algorithms play in streamlining production lines, increasing energy economy, and boosting product quality in the ever-changing Industry 5.0 environment.

The variation of some parameters of flowering, fruiting, and pepper production, in relation to the fertilization system, was evaluated. The study took place in the area of Cuied Locality, Arad County, Romania. The experiment was in a protected system, modular solar, the summer-autumn crop cycle, year 2020, with a specific technology. Two long pepper varieties of the Kapia type were cultivated (Dumbo 34 - D 34; Elephant's Ear - EE). Three products were used for fertilization, BioHumusSol (BHS), Cropmax (CroM) and Bionat (BioN), together with a control variant (C). The number of pollinated and fertilized flowers per plant (pff) varied between 5.00±0.35 (EE C) and 8.60±0.41 (D34 CroM), and the number of fruits per plant (FruNP) varied between 5.00±0.32 (EE C) and 8.00±0.49 (D34 CroM). The average fruit weight (FaW) varied between 83±13.30 g (D34 C) and 274±22.7 g (EE CroM). The average fruit production per plant (ApP) varied between 0.580±0.13 kg plant-1 (D34 C) and 1.920±0.20 g plant-1 (EE CroM). Quality I production (YQ1, %) varied between 10.20% (S34 C) and 76.00% (EE CroM), and quality II production (YQ2, %) varied between 24.00% (EE CroM) and 89.80% (D34 C). According to PCA, PC1 explained 68.383% of variance, and PC2 explained 28.917% of variance in relation to flowering and fruiting parameters; PC1 explained 65.489% of variance, and PC2 explained 34.28% of variance in relation to productivity and production parameters, respectively PC1 explained 61.09% of variance, and PC2 explained 38.91% of variance in relation to production quality. The regression analysis facilitated to describe the variation of production by quality classes (YQ1) in relation to productivity parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paper presents the effect of the Panoramix biofertilizer, whose composition consists of a combination of fungi (Trichoderma spp.) and bacteria (Bacillus spp.) on the quality of the edible part of sweet corn. The sweet corn crop was established in 2019, by sowing, and the seeds were treated with Panoramix, at a dose of 2 ml/kg seed. In this sense, two sweet corn hybrids were tested:'Basin F1' and 'Challenger F1. The variants were organized as follows:'V1- 'Basin F1'- untreated; V2- 'Basin F1'- treated; V3- 'Challenger F1'- untreated; V4 -'Challenger F1' - treated. The results regarding some the quality components, like TSS, reducing sugar, starch, carotene and antioxidant capacity confirmed the superiority of the application of the Panoramix biofertilizer compared to non-mycorrhizal variants. Among the tested hybrids, 'Challenger F1' recorded a better quality of sweet corn caryopses in the version treated with the micorryzal product. Based on the obtained results, it can be stated that the product Panoramix could be recommended as a promising sustainable approach to stimulate the quality of the sweet corn. Among the tested hybrids, 'Challenger F1' recorded a better quality of sweet corn caryopses in the version treated with the with the mycorrhizal product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Excessive use of nitrogen (N) pollutes the environment and causes greenhouse gas emissions; however, the application of eco-friendly plant biostimulators (BSs) can overcome these issues. Therefore, this paper aimed to explore the role of diluted bee honey solution (DHS) in attenuating the adverse impacts of N toxicity on Phaseolus vulgaris growth, yield quality, physio-chemical properties, and defense systems. For this purpose, the soil was fertilized with 100, 125, and 150% of the recommended N dose (RND), and the plants were sprayed with 1.5% DHS. Trials were arranged in a two-factor split-plot design (N levels occupied main plots × DH– occupied subplots). Excess N (150% RND) caused a significant decline in plant growth, yield quality, photosynthesis, and antioxidants, while significantly increasing oxidants and oxidative damage [hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide (O2•−), nitrate, electrolyte leakage (EL), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels]. However, DHS significantly improved antioxidant activities (glutathione and nitrate reductases, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, proline, ascorbate, α-tocopherol, and glutathione) and osmoregulatory levels (soluble protein, glycine betaine, and soluble sugars). Enzyme gene expressions showed the same trend as enzyme activities. Additionally, H2O2, O2•−, EL, MDA, and nitrate levels were significantly declined, reflecting enhanced growth, yield, fruit quality, and photosynthetic efficiency. The results demonstrate that DHS can be used as an eco-friendly approach to overcome the harmful impacts of N toxicity on P. vulgaris plants.

This study took food-grade polypropylene packaging products as the research project and discussed how to control the polypropylene extrusion sheet thickness and vacuum thermoforming quality and weight. The research objective was to find the key factors for reducing costs and energy consumption. The key aspects that may influence the polypropylene extrusion molding quality control were analyzed using literature and in-depth interviews with scholars and experts. These four main aspects are (1) key factors of polypropylene extrusion sheet production, (2) key factors of the extrusion line design, (3) key factors of polypropylene forming and mold manufacturing, and (4) key factors of mold and thermoforming line equipment design. These were revised and complemented by the scholar and expert group. There are 49 subitems for discussion. Thirteen scholars and experts were invited to use qualitative and quantitative research methods. A Delphi questionnaire survey team was organized to perform three Delphi questionnaire interviews. The statistical analyses of encoded data such as the mean (M), mode (Mo), and standard deviation (SD) of various survey options were calculated. Seeking a more cautious research theory and result, the K-S simple sample test was used to review the fitness and consistency of the scholars' and experts' opinions on key subitem factors. There are ten key factors in the production quality, including "A. Main screw pressure", "B. Polymer temperature", "C. T-die lips adjustment thickness", "D. Cooling rolls pressing stability", "E. Cooling rolls temperature stability", "F. Extruder main screw geometric design", "G. Heating controller is stable", "H. Thermostatic control", "I. Vacuum pressure", and "J. Mold forming area design". The key factors are not just applicable to classical polypropylene extrusion sheet and thermoforming production but also to related process of extrusion and thermoforming techniques in expanded polypropylene (EPP) sheets and polylactic acid (PLA). This study aims to provide a key technical reference for enterprises to improve quality to enhance the competitiveness of products, reduce production costs, and achieve sustainable development, energy savings, and carbon reductions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]The present paper aimed to optimizating the fertilization technology that is suitable for flue-cured tobacco in Zhaotong tobacco area under the current situation, a 3 -year in situ experiment was conducted. [Method] Different fertilization ratios of field experiments were carried out in 3 consecutive years in Zhaoyang tobacco area by single factor randomized block design. By comparing the agronomic characters, economic characters and leaf quality of flue-cured tobacco under different treatments, the optimal nitrogen application rate and the optimal ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus were determined. [Result] The results showed that with the extension of planting years, the qualities of agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco decreased, and the occurrence of disease increased. The yield increased slightly, but the proportion of high-quality tobacco leaves, the appearance quality of cured tobacco leaves and the coordination of chemical components of tobacco leaves showed a downward trend. In the comparison of different treatments, the amount of nitrogen application had a certain relationship with the maturity of tobacco leaves. In order to ensure the timely yellowing of tobacco leaves, it was necessary to control the nitrogen application rate. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the leaf color of tobacco turned from light green to dark green, and the agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco showed an increasing trend. Under the same nitrogen application rate, the plant height and effective leaf number increased when more phosphorus were applied. The dis ease incidence of non fertilization treatments was higher than that of other treatments, but there was little difference in the disease incidence among fertilization treatments. The coordination between economic characters and tobacco chemical composition in the treatment of 97. 5 and 120 kg/hm² nitrogen application was better than that of the treatment of 75 kg/hm² nitrogen application, and the treatment of 97. 5 kg/hm² nitrogen application showed better performance. Under the same nitrogen application rate, the coordination of economic characters and chemical composition of tobacco leaves in the N/ P ratio of 1: 1. 8 was better than that in the N/ P ratio of 1: 1.2. [Conclusion] In the continuous cropping plots of Zhaotong tobacco area, when the nitrogen application rate is 97. 5 kg/hm², and m (N) : m (P2O5): m (K2O) is 1: 1.8: 3, tobacco leaves can turn yellow in time, and the coordination of agronomic characters, economic characters and chemical components of flue-cured tobacco are good, and good yield and high quality of flue-cured tobacco can be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Przegląd Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the paper is to examine the requirements of producers in post-communist countries with lower economic level. The first requirement was how to overcome the limitations of conventional PFMEA to propose measures effectively. The second requirement solved the economic effect of failure modes. The aim of the paper was to create a new hybrid PFMEA–DEMATEL–ERPN model to manage failure modes to resolve the requirements. The DEMATEL model overcame the limitations of PFMEA. DEMATEL data were used to estimate the functionality of the proposed models. Criteria such as the occurrence of defective products and the probability of their occurrence (O and RPN) were monitored. ERPN also overcame the limitations of PFMEA. Internal and external costs arise as effects of failure modes. The costs were included in the economic evaluation of the models. We validated the models in a transfer pressing process. The estimation of models’ functionality proved to be correct. The economic evaluation refined the research results and resolved the second requirement of the manufacturers. The DEMATEL and ERPN models (compared to PFMEA) proved their validity when the use of PFMEA was limited. By using DEMATEL, we registered the lowest number of defective products and the lowest costs.

In today's competitive environment, industrial units are seeking to reduce costs and increase customer numbers; if their business involves perishable products, achieving these goals is even more important. By integrating scheduling and vehicle routing problems for perishable products, this study tries to minimize costs and maximize customers' purchase probability. In the scheduling stage, a flexible flowshop scheduling problem considering production quality is studied. After completion of the last job, the distribution stage begins and each product must be delivered in its time-window. This problem is formulated as mixed-integer linear programming and solved by the GAMS solver. Owing to the NP hardness of this problem, a hyper-heuristic is proposed to solve large-size instances. In the proposed algorithm, the acceptance of the solution is based on the Monte Carlo criterion. Finally, the numerical results and analysis demonstrate the proposed algorithm's superiority on some criteria compared to the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manageability has gotten a significant measure of interest and has been assigned to the board. As a contextual investigation, this paper presents a survey of articles focusing on the meaning of creation and the activities of executives in the manageability of the assembling business, with a specific focus on fossil fuel by-products involving the food and drink industry. This study reviewed current articles that cut across production quality, operation management, and tools for the sustainable development of food and beverages in manufacturing industries. The papers are arranged and examined by the three fundamental areas of activities of the board (issue, execution methodology, and improvement). The concentrate additionally dissects the papers as indicated by whether they address the importance of the activity the board manages towards Nutrition, Health, and Wellness Company, which will be the case study. From this research, it was observed that the activity of the executives shows up as a pertinent variable in all center areas of supportable assembly research; however, the bearing and strength of its effect remain dubious. The research looks at how administrators can effectively manage the problems associated with fossil fuels through products and quality nutrition, health, and wellness of the company for both consumers and employees.

Copyright of Przegląd Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study took food-grade polypropylene packaging products as the research project and discussed how to control the polypropylene extrusion sheet thickness and vacuum thermoforming quality and weight. The research objective was to find the key factors for reducing costs and energy consumption. The key aspects that may influence the polypropylene extrusion molding quality control were analyzed using literature and in-depth interviews with scholars and experts. These four main aspects are (1) key factors of polypropylene extrusion sheet production, (2) key factors of the extrusion line design, (3) key factors of polypropylene forming and mold manufacturing, and (4) key factors of mold and thermoforming line equipment design. These were revised and complemented by the scholar and expert group. There are 49 subitems for discussion. Thirteen scholars and experts were invited to use qualitative and quantitative research methods. A Delphi questionnaire survey team was organized to perform three Delphi questionnaire interviews. The statistical analyses of encoded data such as the mean (M), mode (Mo), and standard deviation (SD) of various survey options were calculated. Seeking a more cautious research theory and result, the K-S simple sample test was used to review the fitness and consistency of the scholars’ and experts’ opinions on key subitem factors. There are ten key factors in the production quality, including “A. Main screw pressure”, “B. Polymer temperature”, “C. T-die lips adjustment thickness”, “D. Cooling rolls pressing stability”, “E. Cooling rolls temperature stability”, “F. Extruder main screw geometric design”, “G. Heating controller is stable”, “H. Thermostatic control”, “I. Vacuum pressure”, and “J. Mold forming area design”. The key factors are not just applicable to classical polypropylene extrusion sheet and thermoforming production but also to related process of extrusion and thermoforming techniques in expanded polypropylene (EPP) sheets and polylactic acid (PLA). This study aims to provide a key technical reference for enterprises to improve quality to enhance the competitiveness of products, reduce production costs, and achieve sustainable development, energy savings, and carbon reductions.

It is imperative for manufacturing systems to improve production quality not only to maintain profitability, market share and competitiveness, but also to reduce energy waste resulted from defective items. Although quality and energy saving have attracted extensive attention in the past few decades, there is little research effort devoted to a systematic understanding of their intersection. Therefore, this paper analyzes the energy usage of a multistage production system with quality control. The Geometric reliability and Bernoulli quality models are assumed. A Markov process model is established to predict the dynamics of the production system. The energy economics of the production system are analyzed to include both production and energy cost. The optimal PWQ (Production with Quality Inspection) machine allocation method and the cost-effectiveness analysis method are formulated to increase the profit. According to the computational experiments, the proposed optimal PWQ machine allocation method can effectively reduce energy consumption. In addition, pay-back period (PBP) is an effective indicator which helps production managers make cost effective decisions for machine replacement. The research results in an in-depth understanding of the energy economics of systems with quality control, which is necessary for manufacturers to gain competitiveness with better product quality and higher energy efficiency.

Copyright of Cotton Textile Technology is the property of Cotton Textile Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Petroleum Refinery Engineering is the property of Petroleum Refinery Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A key determinant of a manufacturing system's performance is its operating speed. While it is generally assumed that overall production throughput increases with operating speed, this is not necessarily the case where quality deteriorates as a result of the higher speed. In this paper we derive a representative quality-speed relationship and examine the productivity implications. We develop models to capture the effects of rework, repair, and scrap on system throughput and illustrate the resulting trade-off between higher productivity and the need for additional processing. Empirical evidence is also presented to motivate the work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we develop a system based on WSN platform to measure the data of crop parameters for the agriculturists aimed to enhance the quality and quality of the crops. The proposed system will minimize the exhaustive field visits of the farmers. This system will facilitate the precision agriculture by measuring three most key parameters (temperature, humidity and light) of the crops. The proposed system consists of IRIS motes MDA100CB data board, and MIB520 USB interface board. These are considered as sink and sensor nodes respectively. TinyOS is used to develop the code for WSN nodes, and GUI device is composed in Microsoft Visual Studio-2008 for displaying the measured data and stored in data base accordingly. ZigBee IEEE 802.15.4 and direct topology are utilized for the correspondence of sensor nodes with the base station