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Considering circularity aspects during the engineering of smart products implies a significantly increased complexity of engineering processes. Especially technical reconfiguration of smart products, offered as services in availability-oriented business models, enables the integration of circular economy aspects in sustainable products and lifecycles, through realizing several aspects of the 9R strategies. This paper introduces an analysis of interdependencies between 9R strategies potential reconfiguration options, technical characteristics of smart products, different maturity levels of smart product and abilities for circularity. Partial engineering models managed in different product lifecycle management systems provide a technical basis for systematization and evaluation of circular abilities of reconfigurable smart products in different lifecycle phases. The approach aims to improve circularity-related decision making in systems engineering processes in the early development phases and during the reconfiguration of smart products during utilization phase. An industrial use case considering a microelectronic-centered smart product used in e-mobility solutions validates the approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering circularity aspects during the engineering of smart products implies a significantly increased complexity of engineering processes. Especially technical reconfiguration of smart products, offered as services in availability-oriented business models, enables the integration of circular economy aspects in sustainable products and lifecycles, through realizing several aspects of the 9R strategies. This paper introduces an analysis of interdependencies between 9R strategies potential reconfiguration options, technical characteristics of smart products, different maturity levels of smart product and abilities for circularity. Partial engineering models managed in different product lifecycle management systems provide a technical basis for systematization and evaluation of circular abilities of reconfigurable smart products in different lifecycle phases. The approach aims to improve circularity-related decision making in systems engineering processes in the early development phases and during the reconfiguration of smart products during utilization phase. An industrial use case considering a microelectronic-centered smart product used in e-mobility solutions validates the approach.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Product engineering involves the design and development of new products or the improvement of existing products to efficiently meet market needs and ensure high quality. Design for Excellence (DfX) concepts, such as Design for Manufacturing, Design for Assembly, Design for Reliability, Design for User Experience, Design for Testability, and Design for Security, are essential in product engineering. These concepts enhance manufacturability, ease of assembly, and serviceability, thereby improving overall product performance and user experience. Integrating sustainability principles into product engineering practices is crucial due to growing concerns about environmental sustainability. Sustainability involves responsible resource use, waste and emission reduction, and consideration of social and economic impacts. Adopting sustainable practices is essential for addressing global challenges like climate change, resource depletion, and pollution. Consequently, sustainability has become a significant factor for businesses and government policies worldwide. Product engineering possesses significant potential for contributing to sustainability goals. In this view, this paper discusses a new approach called "Design for Sustainability (DfS)" that focuses on developing sustainable products. The paper discusses the various steps involved in implementing DfS in the product engineering process, highlighting its importance and benefits. By implementing DfS practices, businesses can create innovative and marketable products that minimize environmental impact while meeting consumer demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By progressively embracing the general principles of integrated, parametric, interdisciplinary design that considers the manufacturing elements of the imagined product, the modern aesthetic designer is called upon to broaden their knowledge and abilities. Especially when there is a need to produce complex shapes, when cost-effective, there are also numerous 3D printing technologies available today, to be used both in the conceptual phase (prototyping) and for actual production. The present paper aims to propose a discussion on the role of product engineering modelling in aesthetic design education. The progress of new 3D parametric modelling tools available to aesthetic designers is discussed, with a focus on the most cutting-edge features that have been released recently. The importance of parametric design education in general and the positive effects its application can have in the design process will also be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creativity has been identified as a critical activity in distributed product development. Various methods and tools support distributed product development and distributed teams in general, but none with a focus on creative problem solving. To tackle this challenge, a systematic literature review has been conducted to gather the influencing factors on distributed creativity to be used as a starting point for supporting creativity in distributed product development teams. Within this submission, an impact model is developed, focusing on the success factors of creativity. Furthermore, the interconnection between the factors is modelled. Barriers to creative problem solving are included as well but will be the focus of a following publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digitalization is changing the way products, services, and production systems are developed. Numerous different software tools are increasingly being used along the product creation and development process creating large amounts of data and data sources. Yet the fragmented tool landscape leads to data silos within the individual product creation cycles and domains. Especially in the context of today's cyber-physical systems, dependencies between various authoring systems, processes, and information lead to high complexity within its creation process. Often, industrial companies are lacking a systematic and visual overview of data, data flows, and IT systems. For this purpose, a data map for product creation was developed. In general, the data map illustrates the data flows between data sources from product creation and IT systems used in product creation, taking into account their properties and the process context. Employing design science, 274 activities with 318 associated data artifacts as well as IT systems and their interconnections with each other were identified and represented graphically. The result improves the visibility of data and opens new possibilities for optimizing the product creation process. Furthermore, the data map can be used for the identification of artificial intelligence (AI) and data-driven potentials in product creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the early phase of product development, the possibility of goal-oriented discussion of complex systems is particularly important to avoid communication errors. In practice, misunderstandings occur repeatedly when discussing systems, since different contents are verbalized unconsciously. To address this problem, systems to be analyzed can be divided into subsystems and system elements can be considered. This problem can also be addressed by using approaches for the consideration of system elements and of embodiment function relationships (EFR). One of these approaches is the so-called C&C2 approach. Although this approach has been used successfully many times, its practical applications have so far shown differences in the designation of the elements. As a result, systems and models cannot always be compared with each other with sufficient accuracy. A further point is the constant change of the systems during the product engineering process (PEP), which up to now can hardly be consistently represented in the designations of the model elements. For this reason, a designation guideline was developed for the C&C2 approach, which enables the consistent designation of systems and model elements throughout the entire PEP. In addition, the approach consistently allows for any level of detail across the entire PEP. This designation guide has been validated very successfully in a case study in automotive engineering. In the future, the designation guide will allow many models to be compared, thus enabling the creation of a database. This can be a cornerstone for development with artificial intelligence in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainability in product engineering is becoming increasingly relevant. Expanding stakeholder requirements for sustainable product engineering demand a more detailed and consistent understanding of the field to foster purposeful solutions. In this paper, a total of 174 publications in the field of product engineering were evaluated for their underlying understanding of sustainability based on a hermeneutic analysis. The results are threefold and include guiding questions for the analysis of publications in the field, a description of the current state of sustainability understanding in product engineering, and an explication framework for a proactive and targeted description of a sustainability understanding for use in future research and practice. These results are intended to contribute to establishing a more consistent and explicit understanding of sustainability in product engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The individualization of customer demand combined with increased customer requirements is leading to more complex and diverse products with an increasing frequency of product development. As a consequence, manufacturing companies must maximize efficiency in the design and planning of products and production systems. Here, Product-Production-CoDesign (PPCD) describes an approach to integrated product and production engineering across generations and life cycles. In today's world of global pandemics, volatile markets and supply chain turbulences as well as a shortage in material supply and skilled workers, global manufacturing must adapt and an integrative PPCD is becoming increasingly important. Against this background, this article aims at contributing to addressing these challenges by describing a production of the future based on the principles of PPCD. To that end, a vision of the production of the future is illustrated as a target state. Then, the tools and methods of PPCD are fleshed out to describe how to achieve this target state and overcome potential obstacles during product and production design. Finally, several case studies are presented to show how aspects of PPCD can be implemented step by step to move real-world manufacturing towards the production of the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Companies with a clear, documented strategy perform better than their competitors without a strategy. Nevertheless, the strategy process confronts medium-sized companies (250-3,000 employees) with major challenges while many of them do not have a clear strategy process. Reasons for that can be the focus on operations and thus lack of time and resources, missing methods knowledge, or the underestimation of the value of a strategy. In times of a structural change in an industry, as we see it currently for example with the electrification of the automotive industry, a strategy becomes even more important. The automotive supplier industry alone employs around 150,000 people just in medium-sized companies in Germany. This paper aims to design a guideline that supports medium-sized companies to define their long-term goals and in the implementation of their derived strategy. Based on a literature review and 16 expert interviews a guideline was developed that contains templates to document the strategy process and a process model including checklists to fill the templates. The guideline was initially evaluated against the defined success factors in a medium-sized company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Product engineering involves the design and development of new products or the improvement of existing products to efficiently meet market needs and ensure high quality. Design for Excellence (DfX) concepts, such as Design for Manufacturing, Design for Assembly, Design for Reliability, Design for User Experience, Design for Testability, and Design for Security, are essential in product engineering. These concepts enhance manufacturability, ease of assembly, and serviceability, thereby improving overall product performance and user experience. Integrating sustainability principles into product engineering practices is crucial due to growing concerns about environmental sustainability. Sustainability involves responsible resource use, waste and emission reduction, and consideration of social and economic impacts. Adopting sustainable practices is essential for addressing global challenges like climate change, resource depletion, and pollution. Consequently, sustainability has become a significant factor for businesses and government policies worldwide. Product engineering possesses significant potential for contributing to sustainability goals. In this view, this paper discusses a new approach called “Design for Sustainability (DfS)” that focuses on developing sustainable products. The paper discusses the various steps involved in implementing DfS in the product engineering process, highlighting its importance and benefits. By implementing DfS practices, businesses can create innovative and marketable products that minimize environmental impact while meeting consumer demands.

By progressively embracing the general principles of integrated, parametric, interdisciplinary design that considers the manufacturing elements of the imagined product, the modern aesthetic designer is called upon to broaden their knowledge and abilities. Especially when there is a need to produce complex shapes, when cost-effective, there are also numerous 3D printing technologies available today, to be used both in the conceptual phase (prototyping) and for actual production. The present paper aims to propose a discussion on the role of product engineering modelling in aesthetic design education. The progress of new 3D parametric modelling tools available to aesthetic designers is discussed, with a focus on the most cutting-edge features that have been released recently. The importance of parametric design education in general and the positive effects its application can have in the design process will also be discussed.

Shorter product life cycles and high product variance nowadays require efficient engineering of products and production systems. Hereby a further challenge is that costs over the entire life cycle of the product and production system are defined early in the process. Existing approaches in literature and practice such as simultaneous engineering and design for manufacturing incorporate aspects of production into product engineering. However, these approaches leave potential for increasing efficiency unused because knowledge from past generations of products, production systems, and business models is not stored and reused in a formalized way and future generations are not considered in the respective current engineering process. This article proposes an approach for integrated product and production engineering across generations and life cycles of products and production systems. This includes the consideration of related business models to successfully establish the products on the market as well as the anticipation of future product and production system characteristics. The presented approach can reduce both development and manufacturing costs as well as time to market and opens the vast technological potential for product design to achieve additional customer benefits. Three case studies elaborate on aspects of the proposed approach and present its benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A 24 A, 100 kHz transconductance amplifier was constructed at Inmetro as part of a trilateral South American project to develop a reference system for measuring electric power. It is based on a design conceived by NIST in the 1990s where a number of precision bipolar voltage-to-current converters are paralleled. The present design version includes stable resistors in all critical circuit nodes to increase the current output stability. Short-term magnitude and phase stability of a few parts per 106 has been experimentally confirmed. The amplifier construction details and performance tests are described here.

Palavras-chave: Design do vestuário. Design de moda. Produto ergonômico. This paper aims to investigate the application of ergonomics in the fashion design process, from the designers’ point of view. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 19 designers. The interviews were recorded and transcribed for further content analysis, which was based on three categories: ergonomics concept; approach to ergonomics in academic training and professional experience; application of ergonomics in product development. It was found that most of the participants understand the concept of ergonomics and consider that it is currently?? applied in the fashion design process. However, we concluded that this application is intuitive. In addition, participants understand that the application of ergonomics and obtaining anthropometric data from users are activities developed only by patternmaking professionals. It is believed that it is necessary to approach ergonomics in the professional training of fashion designers to make this application systematic and effective, raising users' satisfaction and, consequently, increasing the competitiveness of companies.

Sensor‐integrated chemical anchor for continuous monitoring of the fastening situation This article presents the mechatronization of a conventional chemical anchor system for the integration of an additional sensory function for the future monitoring of fastening situations. For this purpose, the central question is answered whether it is possible to integrate sensors for condition monitoring of the fastening situation into a chemical fastener. With knowledge gained from previous investigations on the functional mechanisms and possible design spaces in chemical anchors based on vinylester, sensor elements are integrated into such anchors. To achieve this, relevant damage mechanisms will be selected, boundary conditions for the mechatronics of a fastener will be defined and a suitable physical measurement principle will be chosen. With these results, a sensor element is designed and integrated into a conventional chemical anchor based on vinylester. This sensor element is verified in a calibration test rig using specially developed measurement electronics. By validating the system with centric pull‐out tests, it can be shown that the integrated capacitive distance sensor enables the detection of the chemical anchor displacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Campus Virtuales is the property of Campus Virtuales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Detection of a design space to mechatronize fastening elements by the example of chemical anchors With increasing digitalization in the construction industry, sensor data are increasingly necessary for the condition analysis of buildings. Fasteners are particularly suitable as load‐introducing components for the integration of sensor elements. However, it is not yet known how sensory elements affect the primary function "load capacity". This paper examines the effects of additionally introduced elements to determine possible design spaces using the example of a chemical anchor. For this purpose, elements were integrated into chemical anchors at previously determined working and limiting surfaces and experimentally investigated in a full‐factorial 33 test design. The effects of the factor stages compared to the primary function were interpreted statistically. It can be shown that there is design space in the system of chemical anchors for the use of sensory elements, which can be used to develop sensory chemical anchors without significantly influencing the bond stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally distributed production of products, systems or elements influence both the system architecture and the development process. Influences from logistics, different manufacturing technologies, self-organizing production organization and the efficient use of globally distributed production capacities imply the need to change the design of the system and its development process. Different production sites, for example, require distinctly specified or standardized descriptions of subsystems or elements to be produced. The effort for coordination and formation of interfaces increases, if this fact was not sufficiently taken into account in the design of the subsystem or element. Proximity to the customer implies an important factor for individualized products due to the business model of mass customization. The paper provides overviews of a) transformations in the development process and b) possible solutions for the effective usage of distributed self-organizing production systems. Resulting risks and opportunities from the viewpoint of product engineering are analyzed. Implications for the application of the interdisciplinary development method of the V-model from VDI 2206 guideline are discussed. The structured and established form of the guideline helps to point out which development steps are influenced by globally distributed self-organizing production systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combined with the development of regional industries, based on the concept of CDIO, teaching reform of professional experiment courses was carried out by integration of product-oriented teaching content and design of teaching process with CDIO in biological engineering, pharmaceutical engineering, polymer materials and engineering, chemical engineering and technology. This aimed to cultivate students' professional knowledge, engineering practice ability and interpersonal team ability. The practice showed that experiment teaching quality was improved significantly, the experimental teaching system was optimized and cultivation mode of high quality applied talents was promoted. These supported to build a high level application university with regional characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the manufacturing industry in Europe is looking at Industry 4.0 approaches and technologies to maintain the current competitive advantage, on the other hand, in the building industry (BI) they may push an improvement of the overall productivity also. This paper presents a research activity, which has aimed at investigating potentials and criticisms of Parametric and Generative Design techniques in mass-production environments of the BI though a pilot-case-study analysis in Glued-Laminated-Timber (GLT) industry. Starting from programming a parametric algorithm for GLT engineering, the research has measured manufacturing effectiveness and manufacturing efficiency through a Value-Stream Map of an ordinary supply-chain system of GLT. Considering all the limits of referring to a single case study, results highlight improvements both in manufacturing effectiveness and manufacturing efficiency; but limitations have to be considered as well, due to the complete absence of Industry 4.0 approaches and technologies in an ordinary supply-chain system of GLT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the success of a company is dependent to the novelty of the company in developing new items. Product design and engineering are a basic phase in developing new commodities which examines the product economically and technologically. In the proposed study, 'Trust' is identified as an effective factor on the life cycle of the new designed product. This study addresses a simulation structure to generate all the possible trust modes between two agents over time and implements four prediction methods to forecast the trust value of the new item. The time horizon is considered to be short term and middle term, and 27 and 108 scenarios are designed, respectively, based on three categories involving high, medium and short trust. Here, three prediction techniques: conventional time series, artificial neural networks and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, are recommended and compared. By comparing MAPEs of all prediction methods, the best technique is identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper highlights the need for using specialised on-line collaborative environments by designers and product engineers who increasingly use Web 2.0 technology to search for information. Although there are professional channels and networks, there is no specific platform which helps during a new product’s conceptualisation phase. Open communication must thus be promoted and encouraged amongst design professionals and companies to form working groups thereby allowing them to work collaboratively in the most open and creative phase of product design, i.e. conceptualisation. The OpenDesigNet (ODN) experimental platform has been developed so that designers and small- or medium-sized companies (SMC) can access on-line collaborative tools to support the creation and promotion of new on-line products and assess their immediate social impact. This article presents some of the results obtained during the validation phase involving a platform satisfaction survey of design engineering students and has led to a first-hand assessment of the new platform’s potential impact on their professional future.