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3. Helicity sensitive terahertz radiation detection by dual-grating-gate high electron mobility transistors

Author

Faltermeier, P., Olbrich, P., Probst, W., Schell, L., Watanabe, T., Boubanga-Tombet, S. A., Otsuji, T., and Ganichev, S. D.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We report on the observation of a radiation helicity sensitive photocurrent excited by terahertz (THz) radiation in dual-grating-gate (DGG) InAlAs/InGaAs/InAlAs/InP high electron mobility transistors (HEMT). For a circular polarization the current measured between source and drain contacts changes its sign with the inversion of the radiation helicity. For elliptically polarized radiation the total current is described by superposition of the Stokes parameters with different weights. Moreover, by variation of gate voltages applied to individual gratings the photocurrent can be defined either by the Stokes parameter defining the radiation helicity or those for linear polarization. We show that artificial non-centrosymmetric microperiodic structures with a two-dimensional electron system excited by THz radiation exhibit a dc photocurrent caused by the combined action of a spatially periodic in-plane potential and spatially modulated light. The results provide a proof of principle for the application of DGG HEMT for all-electric detection of the radiation's polarization state., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures

Published
2015
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12. Schwangerschaft / Sektio

Author

Wyss, P., Biedermann, K., Häberlein, F., Besek, S., Eberhard, J., Litschgi, M., Eberhard, M., Carosso, C., Braschler, C., Koller, A., Pavic, N., Redlich, M., Ohnacker, H., Zimmermann, R., Huch, A., Ioannidis, K., Steiner, R. A., Wight, E., Haller, U., Dietz, Th. U., Hänggi, W., Birkhäuser, M., Gyr, Th., Dreher, E., Steiner, A., Spichtig, S., Huber, S., Schumacher, A., Locher, S., Lüscher, K. P., Hebisch, G., Kirkinen, P., Haldenmann, R., Huch, R., Breymann, Ch., Richter, Ch., Suter, T., Lauper, U., Probst, W., Hess, Th., Benz, J., Saurenmann, E., Rageth, J. C., Riedler, G. F., and Boöni, R.

Published
1992
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22. Conserving European biodiversity across realms

Author

Giakoumi, S, Hermoso, V, Carvalho, S, Markantonatou, V, Dagys, M, Iwamura, T, Probst, W, Smith, R, Yates, KL, Almpanidou, V, Novak, T, Ben-Moshe, N, Katsanevakis, S, Claudet, J, Coll, M, Deidun, A, Essl, F, Garcia-Charton, JA, Jimenez, C, Kark, S, Mandić, M, Mazaris, A, Rabitsch, W, Stelzenmüller, V, Tricarico, E, and Vogiatzakis, I

Subjects
Habitats Directive, threats, Birds Directive, Red List, integrated management, multi-realm species, conservation planning, EU Biodiversity Strategy, funding priorities, Red Lis, QH75, Biology
Abstract

Terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems are connected via multiple biophysical and ecological processes. Identifying and quantifying links among ecosystems is necessary for the uptake of integrated conservation actions across realms. Such actions are particularly important for species using habitats in more than one realm during their daily or life cycle. We reviewed information on the habitats of 2,408 species of European conservation concern and found that 30% of the species use habitats in multiple realms. Transportation and service corridors, which fragment species habitats, were identified as the most important threat impacting similar to 70% of the species. We examined information on 1,567 European Union (EU) conservation projects funded over the past 25 years, to assess the adequacy of efforts toward the conservation of "multi-realm" species at a continental scale. We discovered that less than a third of multi-realm species benefited from projects that included conservation actions across multiple realms. To achieve the EU's conservation target of halting biodiversity loss by 2020 and effectively protect multi-realm species, integrated conservation efforts across realms should be reinforced by: (1) recognizing the need for integrated management at a policy level, (2) revising conservation funding priorities across realms, and (3) implementing integrated land-freshwater-sea conservation planning and management.

Published
2018
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24. Risk profile analysis and complications after surgery for autoimmune thyroid disease

Author

Thomusch, Oliver, Sekulla, C., Billmann, F., Seifert, G., Dralle, H., Lorenz, K., Vorländer, C., Freitag, M., Jähne, J., Steinmüller, T., Trupka, A., Steinert, F., Schabram, J., Heinzmann, B., Lang, H., Cotte, J., Hoffmann, T.F., Dette, K., Gellert, K., Henne-Bruns, D., Boese-Landgraf, J., Simon Evangelisches, D., Kube, R., Lorenz, E.P.M., Pross, M., Hartel, M., Thomschke, D., Pistorius, G., Hopt, U.T., Franke, C., Rose, U., Steuer, W., Schwenk, W., Ebert, K.-H., Kelm, C., Witzigmann, H., Rampf, W., Ridwelski, K., Knoefel, W.T., Bechstein, W.O., Grothe, D., Anthuber, M., Mirow, L., Probst, W., Thews, A., Fleck, U., Kärgel, W., Schimmelpenning, H., Fielitz, J., Schöffauer, T., Asperger, W., Zaage, J., Dorn, H.-U., Weitz, J., Neubauer, M., Klar, E., Lautermann, J., Senkal, M., Lippert, H., Lück, R., Ziesche, M., Kröll, K.-P., Skrobisz, J., Lorenc, Z., Dudešek, Bohumil, Smutny, S., Brauckhoff, M., Längle, F., Wenzl, E., the Prospective Evaluation Study of Thyroid Surgery (PETS 2) Study Group, Thomusch, Oliver, Sekulla, C., Billmann, F., Seifert, G., Dralle, H., Lorenz, K., Vorländer, C., Freitag, M., Jähne, J., Steinmüller, T., Trupka, A., Steinert, F., Schabram, J., Heinzmann, B., Lang, H., Cotte, J., Hoffmann, T.F., Dette, K., Gellert, K., Henne-Bruns, D., Boese-Landgraf, J., Simon Evangelisches, D., Kube, R., Lorenz, E.P.M., Pross, M., Hartel, M., Thomschke, D., Pistorius, G., Hopt, U.T., Franke, C., Rose, U., Steuer, W., Schwenk, W., Ebert, K.-H., Kelm, C., Witzigmann, H., Rampf, W., Ridwelski, K., Knoefel, W.T., Bechstein, W.O., Grothe, D., Anthuber, M., Mirow, L., Probst, W., Thews, A., Fleck, U., Kärgel, W., Schimmelpenning, H., Fielitz, J., Schöffauer, T., Asperger, W., Zaage, J., Dorn, H.-U., Weitz, J., Neubauer, M., Klar, E., Lautermann, J., Senkal, M., Lippert, H., Lück, R., Ziesche, M., Kröll, K.-P., Skrobisz, J., Lorenc, Z., Dudešek, Bohumil, Smutny, S., Brauckhoff, M., Längle, F., Wenzl, E., and the Prospective Evaluation Study of Thyroid Surgery (PETS 2) Study Group

Abstract

Background: Surgical approaches to autoimmune thyroid disease are currently hampered by concerns over postoperative complications. Risk profiles and incidences of postoperative complications have not been investigated systematically, and studies with sufficient power to show valid data have not been performed. Methods: A prospective multicentre European study was conducted between July 2010 and December 2012. Questionnaires were used to collect data prospectively on patients who had surgery for autoimmune thyroid disease and the findings were compared with those of patients undergoing surgery for multinodular goitre. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate risk factors for thyroid surgery-specific complications, transient and permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy and hypoparathyroidism. Results: Data were available for 22 011 patients, of whom 18 955 were eligible for analysis (2488 who had surgery for autoimmune thyroid disease and 16 467 for multinodular goitre). Surgery for multinodular goitre and that for autoimmune thyroid disease did not differ significantly with regard to general complications. With regard to thyroid surgery-specific complications, the rate of temporary and permanent vocal cord palsy ranged from 2·7 to 6·7 per cent (P = 0·623) and from 0·0 to 1·4 per cent (P = 0·600) respectively, whereas the range for temporary and permanent hypoparathyroidism was 12·9 to 20·0 per cent (P < 0·001) and 0·0 to 7·0 per cent (P < 0·001) respectively. In logistic regression analysis of transient and permanent vocal cord palsy, autoimmune thyroid disease was not an independent risk factor. Autoimmune thyroid disease, extent of thyroid resection, number of identified parathyroid glands and no autotransplantation were identified as independent risk factors for both transient and permanent hypoparathyroidism. Conclusion: Surgery for autoimmune thyroid disease is safe in comparison with surgery for multinodular goitre in terms of general complicati

Published
2018

26. Risk profile analysis and complications after surgery for autoimmune thyroid disease

Author

Thomusch, O, primary, Sekulla, C, additional, Billmann, F, additional, Seifert, G, additional, Dralle, H, additional, Lorenz, K, additional, Vorländer, C, additional, Freitag, M, additional, Jähne, J, additional, Steinmüller, T, additional, Trupka, A, additional, Steinert, F, additional, Schabram, J, additional, Heinzmann, B, additional, Lang, H, additional, Cotte, J, additional, Hoffmann, T F, additional, Dette, K, additional, Gellert, K, additional, Henne-Bruns, D, additional, Boese-Landgraf, J, additional, Simon Evangelisches, D, additional, Kube, R, additional, Lorenz, E P M, additional, Pross, M, additional, Hartel, M, additional, Thomschke, D, additional, Pistorius, G, additional, Hopt, U T, additional, Franke, C, additional, Rose, U, additional, Steuer, W, additional, Schwenk, W, additional, Ebert, K-H, additional, Kelm, C, additional, Witzigmann, H, additional, Rampf, W, additional, Ridwelski, K, additional, Knoefel, W T, additional, Bechstein, W O, additional, Grothe, D, additional, Anthuber, M, additional, Mirow, L, additional, Probst, W, additional, Thews, A, additional, Fleck, U, additional, Kärgel, W, additional, Schimmelpenning, H, additional, Fielitz, J, additional, Schöffauer, T, additional, Asperger, W, additional, Zaage, J, additional, Dorn, H-U, additional, Weitz, J, additional, Neubauer, M, additional, Klar, E, additional, Lautermann, J, additional, Senkal, M, additional, Lippert, H, additional, Lück, R, additional, Ziesche, M, additional, Kröll, K-P, additional, Skrobisz, J, additional, Lorenc, Z, additional, Dudesek, B, additional, Smutny, S, additional, Brauckhoff, M, additional, Längle, F, additional, and Wenzl, E, additional

Published
2018
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30. Technical guidance on monitoring for the Marine Stategy Framework Directive

Author

ZAMPOUKAS NIKOLAOS, PALIALEXIS ANDREAS, DUFFEK Anja, GRAVELAND Jaap, GIORGI Giordano, HAGEBRO Claus, HANKE Georg, KORPINEN Samuli, TASKER Mark, TORNERO ALVAREZ MARIA, ABAZA Valeria, BATTAGLIA Pietro, CAPARIS Maria, DEKELING René, FRIAS VEGA Manuel, HAARICH Michael, KATSANEVAKIS STYLIANOS MARIOS, KLEIN Holger, KRZYMINSKI Wlodzimierz, LAAMANEN Maria, LE GAC Jean-Claude, LEPPANEN Juha-Markku, LIPS Urmas, MAES Thomas, MAGALETTI Erika, MALCOLM Stephen, MARQUES Jose Manuel, MIHAIL Otilia, MOXON Richard, O'BRIEN Carl, PANAGIOTIDIS Panos, PENNA Marina, PIRODDI CHIARA, PROBST W. N., RAICEVICH Saša, TRABUCCO Benedetta, TUNESI Leonardo, VAN DER GRAAF Sandra, WEISS Andrea, WERNERSSON Ann-Sophie, and ZEVENBOOM Wanda

Abstract

The Marine Directors of the European Union (EU), Acceding Countries, Candidate Countries and EFTA Countries have jointly developed a common strategy for supporting the implementation of the Directive 2008/56/EC, “the Marine Strategy Framework Directive” (MSFD). The main aim of this strategy is to allow a coherent and harmonious implementation of the Directive. Focus is on methodological questions related to a common understanding of the technical and scientific implications of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive. In particular, one of the objectives of the strategy is the development of non-legally binding and practical documents, such as this technical guidance on monitoring for the MSFD. These documents are targeted to those experts who are directly or indirectly implementing the MSFD in the marine regions. The document has been prepared by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission (JRC) with the contribution of experts from Member States, Regional Seas Conventions and ICES and following consultation of the Working Group on Good Environmental Status., JRC.H.1-Water Resources

Published
2014

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