1. Landscape of genetic infantile epileptic spasms syndrome—A multicenter cohort of 124 children from India
- Author
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Balamurugan Nagarajan, Vykuntaraju K. Gowda, Sangeetha Yoganathan, Indar Kumar Sharawat, Kavita Srivastava, Nitish Vora, Rahul Badheka, Sumita Danda, Umesh Kalane, Anupriya Kaur, Priyanka Madaan, Sanjiv Mehta, Sandeep Negi, Prateek Kumar Panda, Surekha Rajadhyaksha, Arushi Gahlot Saini, Lokesh Saini, Siddharth Shah, Varunvenkat M. Srinivasan, Renu Suthar, Maya Thomas, Sameer Vyas, Naveen Sankhyan, and Jitendra Kumar Sahu
- Subjects
developmental and epileptic encephalopathy ,genetic epileptic spasms ,genetic infantile spasms ,genetic West ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract Objective Literature on the genotypic spectrum of Infantile Epileptic Spasms Syndrome (IESS) in children is scarce in developing countries. This multicentre collaboration evaluated the genotypic and phenotypic landscape of genetic IESS in Indian children. Methods Between January 2021 and June 2022, this cross‐sectional study was conducted at six centers in India. Children with genetically confirmed IESS, without definite structural‐genetic and structural‐metabolic etiology, were recruited and underwent detailed in‐person assessment for phenotypic characterization. The multicentric data on the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of genetic IESS were collated and analyzed. Results Of 124 probands (60% boys, history of consanguinity in 15%) with genetic IESS, 105 had single gene disorders (104 nuclear and one mitochondrial), including one with concurrent triple repeat disorder (fragile X syndrome), and 19 had chromosomal disorders. Of 105 single gene disorders, 51 individual genes (92 variants including 25 novel) were identified. Nearly 85% of children with monogenic nuclear disorders had autosomal inheritance (dominant‐55.2%, recessive‐14.2%), while the rest had X‐linked inheritance. Underlying chromosomal disorders included trisomy 21 (n = 14), Xq28 duplication (n = 2), and others (n = 3). Trisomy 21 (n = 14), ALDH7A1 (n = 10), SCN2A (n = 7), CDKL5 (n = 6), ALG13 (n = 5), KCNQ2 (n = 4), STXBP1 (n = 4), SCN1A (n = 4), NTRK2 (n = 4), and WWOX (n = 4) were the dominant single gene causes of genetic IESS. The median age at the onset of epileptic spasms (ES) and establishment of genetic diagnosis was 5 and 12 months, respectively. Pre‐existing developmental delay (94.3%), early age at onset of ES (
- Published
- 2023
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