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2. Complications related to short peripheral intravenous catheters in patients with acute stroke: a prospective, observational, single-cohort study

Author

Privitera, D, Geraneo, A, Li Veli, G, Parravicini, G, Mazzone, A, Rossini, M, Sanfilippo, M, Gubertini, A, Airoldi, C, Capsoni, N, Busca, E, Bassi, E, Langer, T, Dal Molin, A, Privitera D., Geraneo A., Li Veli G., Parravicini G., Mazzone A., Rossini M., Sanfilippo M., Gubertini A., Airoldi C., Capsoni N., Busca E., Bassi E., Langer T., Dal Molin A., Privitera, D, Geraneo, A, Li Veli, G, Parravicini, G, Mazzone, A, Rossini, M, Sanfilippo, M, Gubertini, A, Airoldi, C, Capsoni, N, Busca, E, Bassi, E, Langer, T, Dal Molin, A, Privitera D., Geraneo A., Li Veli G., Parravicini G., Mazzone A., Rossini M., Sanfilippo M., Gubertini A., Airoldi C., Capsoni N., Busca E., Bassi E., Langer T., and Dal Molin A.

Abstract

Patients with acute stroke often require venous access to facilitate diagnostic investigations or intravenous therapy. The primary aim of this study was to describe the rate and type of complications associated with the placement of a short peripheral catheter (SPC) in patients with acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. A prospective, observational, single-cohort study was conducted at Niguarda Hospital, Italy, with enrolment in the Emergency Department. Adult patients with an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke requiring an SPC were enrolled. Complications, such as infiltration, occlusion, phlebitis and dislodgment, were recorded daily. Descriptive statistics were used, and the incidence rate ratio (IRR) was estimated to assess the difference in complications, considering catheter calibre, dominant side, exit site, limb, and limb mobility, ictus type (ischemic/haemorrhagic), impairment deficit (language, motor, visual) and EA-DIVA score. A total of 269 participants and 755 SPC were analysed. Removal of SPC due to at least one local complication occurred in 451 (60%). Dislodgment was the major cause of SPC removal (31%), followed by infiltration (18%), occlusion (6%), and phlebitis (5%). The SPC calibre (22G), exit-site other than antecubital and forearm, visual deficit and EA-DIVA ≥ 8 were associated with a higher rate of SPC complications: IRR, 1.71 [1.31; 2.31]; 1.27 [1.01; 1.60], 1.38 [1.06; 1.80], 1.30 [1.04; 1.64], respectively. No other differences in complication rates were observed according to the insertion site, i.e. dominant side, left side, plegic/hyposthenic limb, or exit site. This study provides novel insights into the frequency and types of complications associated with SPC in patients with acute stroke. Compared to the literature, a higher dislodgment rate was observed, being the first cause of SPC removal, whereas no differences in the number of infiltrations, occlusions, and phlebitis were recorded.

Published
2024

3. Helmet continuous positive airway pressure for patients’ transport using a single oxygen cylinder: A bench study

Author

Capsoni, N, Zadek, F, Privitera, D, Parravicini, G, Zoccali, G, Galbiati, F, Bombelli, M, Fumagalli, R, Langer, T, Capsoni, N., Zadek, F., Privitera, D., Parravicini, G., Zoccali, G. V., Galbiati, F., Bombelli, M., Fumagalli, R., Langer, T., Capsoni, N, Zadek, F, Privitera, D, Parravicini, G, Zoccali, G, Galbiati, F, Bombelli, M, Fumagalli, R, Langer, T, Capsoni, N., Zadek, F., Privitera, D., Parravicini, G., Zoccali, G. V., Galbiati, F., Bombelli, M., Fumagalli, R., and Langer, T.

Abstract

Background: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is frequently used to treat patients with acute respiratory failure in out-of-hospital settings. Compared to a facemask, the helmet has many advantages for the patient but requires a minimum gas flow of 60 L/min to avoid CO2 rebreathing. The aim of the present bench study was to evaluate the performance of four Venturi devices, connected to a single oxygen cylinder, in delivering helmet-CPAP with clinically relevant gas flow, fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) values. Methods: Three double-inlet Venturi systems (EasyVent, Ventuplus, Compact-HAR) were connected to full 5-L oxygen cylinders using a double flowmeter, and their oxygen requirements to reach different setups (flow 60-80 L/min; FiO2 0.4-0.5-0.6, PEEP 7.5-10-12.5 cmH2O) were tested. The fourth Venturi system (O2-MAX) was directly attached to the tank, and the flow and FiO2 delivered at preset FiO2 0.3 and 0.6 were recorded. The runtime of the cylinder was assessed. Results: EasyVent, Ventuplus, and O2-MAX were able to deliver helmet-CPAP with clinically useful setups when connected to a single oxygen cylinder, while Compact-HAR did not. The runtime of the cylinders ranged between 28 and 60 minutes according to the preset flow and FiO2. The delivered gas flow decreased slowly and linearly with the drop in cylinder pressure until its exhaustion. Conclusions: Helmet-CPAP might be provided using portable Venturi systems connected to an oxygen cylinder, but not all of them are able to deliver it. The use of a double flowmeter allows delivery of both high flow and high FiO2 when double-inlet Venturi systems are used. Due to the flow drop observed during the cylinder consumption, a flow >60 L/min should be set when helmet-CPAP is started. Considering the flow drop phenomenon, the estimated duration of the tank runtime can be used with a margin of safety when planning patient transport.

Published
2023

5. Can the length of a catheter change the time to bubble at the tip performing the 'Bubble Test'? A bench study

Author

Giustivi, D, Elli, S, Airoldi, C, Lo Izzo, F, Rossini, M, Gidaro, A, Lucchini, A, Privitera, D, Giustivi, Davide, Elli, Stefano, Airoldi, Chiara, Lo Izzo, Federica, Rossini, Michela, Gidaro, Antonio, Lucchini, Alberto, Privitera, Daniele, Giustivi, D, Elli, S, Airoldi, C, Lo Izzo, F, Rossini, M, Gidaro, A, Lucchini, A, Privitera, D, Giustivi, Davide, Elli, Stefano, Airoldi, Chiara, Lo Izzo, Federica, Rossini, Michela, Gidaro, Antonio, Lucchini, Alberto, and Privitera, Daniele

Abstract

Introduction: Intraprocedural tip control techniques are critical during central venous catheter placement. According to international guidelines (INS 2021), intracavitary electrocardiography is the first method of choice to verify it; when this technique is not feasible, it is considered acceptable to use a contrast-enhanced ultrasound-based tip location method, commonly known as "bubble-test" as an effective alternative.Objective: To assess whether the length of the vascular catheter can alter the time between the injection of the contrast media and its appearance at the catheter tip and the injection duration. Differences between operators stratified according to experience were evaluated as secondary endpoints.Methods: A bench study was conducted using an extracorporeal circuit. For each catheter length (60, 40, and 20 cm), three injections were obtained by each of the five operators with different levels of experience for a total of 45 measurements. Differences among operators were evaluated using ANOVA, and the impact of catheter length and operator expertise on times was assessed using repeated measurement models.Results: Hub-to-tip times of 247.33 ms (SD 168.82), 166 ms (SD 95.46), 138 ms (SD 54.48), and injection duration of 1620 ms (SD 748.58), 1614 ms (SD 570.95), 1566 ms (SD 302.83) were observed for 60, 40, 20 cm catheter length, respectively. A significant time variability between operators was observed. Moreover, moving from 60 to 20 cm, hubto-tip time was significantly longer for 60 cm devices (p = 0.0124), while little differences were observed for injection duration.Conclusions: Catheter length can change both the time between the injection of the contrast media and its appearance at the catheter tip and the injection duration. Hub-to-tip times obtained with 20 and 40 cm and overall injection duration did not differ significantly; skilled personnel could substantially reduce both values analyzed in this study.

Published
2023

6. Helmet Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in the Emergency Department: A Practical Guide

Author

Privitera, D, Capsoni, N, Bellone, A, Langer, T, Privitera, Daniele, Capsoni, Nicolò, Bellone, Andrea, Langer, Thomas, Privitera, D, Capsoni, N, Bellone, A, Langer, T, Privitera, Daniele, Capsoni, Nicolò, Bellone, Andrea, and Langer, Thomas

Abstract

Helmet continuous positive airway pressure is a simple, noninvasive respiratory support strategy to treat several forms of acute respiratory failure, such as cardiogenic pulmonary edema and pneumonia. Recently, it has been largely used worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the increased use of helmet continuous positive airway pressure in the emergency department, we aimed to provide an updated practical guide for nurses and clinicians based on the latest available evidence. We focus our attention on how to set the respiratory circuit. Moreover, we discuss the interactions between flow generators, filters, and positive end-expiratory pressure valves and the consequences regarding the delivered gas flow, fraction of inspired oxygen, positive end-expiratory pressure, and noise level.

Published
2023

8. Flow generators for helmet CPAP: Which to prefer? A bench study

Author

Privitera, D, Capsoni, N, Zadek, F, Mazzone, A, Bellone, A, Fumagalli, R, Langer, T, Privitera, Daniele, Capsoni, Nicolò, Zadek, Francesco, Mazzone, Annamaria, Bellone, Andrea, Fumagalli, Roberto, Langer, Thomas, Privitera, D, Capsoni, N, Zadek, F, Mazzone, A, Bellone, A, Fumagalli, R, Langer, T, Privitera, Daniele, Capsoni, Nicolò, Zadek, Francesco, Mazzone, Annamaria, Bellone, Andrea, Fumagalli, Roberto, and Langer, Thomas

Abstract

Objective: To assess the different effect of filters’ application during helmet-CPAP delivered with three different flow generators on the delivered fresh gas flow, FiO2, and the noise level inside and outside the helmet. Methods: In a bench study, three flow generators (air-oxygen blender, turbine ventilator and Venturi system) were used to generate two different gas flows (60 L/min and 80 L/min), with a fixed FiO2 at 0.6, to perform a helmet-CPAP on a manikin. Three different fixed PEEP valves (7.5, 10, and 12.5 cmH2O) were applied at the expiratory port. Gas flow, FiO2 and noise were recorded for each Flow-generator/Flow/PEEP combination, first without filter interposition and then after positioning a heat and moister exchanger filter (HMEF) at the helmet inlet port. Results: The application of the HMEF lead to a significant difference in the flow variation among the three flow generators (p < 0.001). Compared to baseline, the highest flow reduction was observed with the VENTURI (−13.4 ± 1.2 %, p < 0.001), a slight increase with the BLENDER (1.2 ± 0.5 %, p < 0.001), whereas no difference was recorded with the TURBINE (0.1 ± 0.6 %, p = 0.12). After HMEF was interposed, a significant FiO2 variation was observed only with VENTURI (11.3 ± 1.8 %, p < 0.001). As for the noise, the TURBINE was the least noisy system, both with and without the filter interposition. Conclusions: Flow generators used to deliver helmet-CPAP have different characteristics and responses to HMEF interposition. Users should be aware of the effects on FiO2 and flow of the different devices in order to make a precise setup of the circuit.

Published
2023

11. The Effect of Filters on CPAP Delivery by Helmet

Author

Privitera, D, Capsoni, N, Zadek, F, Vailati, P, Airoldi, C, Cozzi, M, Pierotti, F, Fumagalli, R, Bellone, A, Langer, T, Privitera, Daniele, Capsoni, Nicolò, Zadek, Francesco, Vailati, Paolo, Airoldi, Chiara, Cozzi, Mattia, Pierotti, Federico, Fumagalli, Roberto, Bellone, Andrea, Langer, Thomas, Privitera, D, Capsoni, N, Zadek, F, Vailati, P, Airoldi, C, Cozzi, M, Pierotti, F, Fumagalli, R, Bellone, A, Langer, T, Privitera, Daniele, Capsoni, Nicolò, Zadek, Francesco, Vailati, Paolo, Airoldi, Chiara, Cozzi, Mattia, Pierotti, Federico, Fumagalli, Roberto, Bellone, Andrea, and Langer, Thomas

Abstract

BACKGROUND: When helmet CPAP is performed using a Venturi system, filters are frequently interposed in the respiratory circuit to reduce noise within the helmet. The effect of the interposition of these filters on delivered fresh gas flow and the resulting FIO2 is currently unknown. METHODS: In a bench study, 2 different Venturi systems (WhisperFlow and Harol) were used to generate 3 different gas flow/FIO2 combinations (80 L/min-FIO2 0.6, 100 L/min-FIO2 0.5, 120 L/min-FIO2 0.4). Different combinations of filters were applied at the flow generator input line and/or at the helmet inlet port. Two types of filters were used for this purpose: a heat and moisture exchanger filter and an electrostatic filter. The setup without filters was used as baseline. Gas flow and FIO2 were measured for each setup. RESULTS: Compared to baseline, the interposition of filters reduced the gas flow between 1–13% (P < .001). The application of a filter at the Venturi system or at the helmet generated a comparable flow reduction (-3 ± 2% vs-4 ± 2%, P = .12), whereas a greater flow reduction (-7 ± 4%) was observed when filters were applied at both sites (P < .001). An increase in FIO2 up to 5% was observed with filters applied. A strong inverse linear relationship (P < .001) was observed between the resulting gas flow and FIO2. CONCLUSIONS: The use of filters during helmet CPAP reduced the flow delivered to the helmet and, consequently, modified FIO2. If filters are applied, an adequate gas flow should be administered to guarantee a constant CPAP during the entire respiratory cycle and avoid rebreathing. Moreover, it might be important to measure the effective FIO2 delivered to the patient to guarantee a precise assessment of oxygenation.

Published
2022

14. Il ruolo del patrimonio dismesso nello sviluppo del turismo lento di prossimità

Author

Ivona, A., Privitera, D., De Iulio, R., Luisa Spagnoli, DE IULIO, Rosario, Privitera, Donatella, and Ivona, Antonietta

Subjects
heritage tourism, patrimonio architettonico dismesso, case cantoniere, itinerario turistico, case cantoniere, patrimonio architettonico dismesso, Patrimonio culturale, edifici dismessi, turismo lento, itinerario turistico
Abstract

Il 2022 è iniziato con il risorgere della pandemia dovuta al Covid-19. Senza dubbio gli operatori e le destinazioni turistiche dovranno continuare ad operare in quello che si chiama la fase del “turismo nel Covid” e far fronte ad una situazione complessa ed imprevedibile. Sin dagli anni Settanta dello scorso secolo, il turismo è stato caratterizzato da rilevanti cambiamenti che hanno determinato la ridefinizione dell’esperienza turistica con particolare accento sulla dimensione culturale e diversificazione della domanda e quindi valorizzazione delle identità locali e ricerca del genius loci dei luoghi visitati. I contenuti esperienziali ed emozionali vedono nel turismo lento (o slow tourism) un recente approccio in grado, da un lato, di soddisfare le esigenze di un turista più consapevole, dall’altro, di porsi come una strategia di affermazione della sostenibilità in tutti gli ambiti, dai trasporti (preferenza uso di biciclette) alla cultura passando dal cibo per confermare l’interesse per un pianeta sempre più sano. In Italia furono questi i presupposti significativi in occasione dell’anno nazionale del Turismo Lento 2019, che posero le basi soprattutto per la rivalutazione delle località poco conosciute attraverso esperienze perlustrative ed innovative. In che modo il turismo lento diviene uno strumento di sviluppo turistico, locale e sostenibile? Questa è una delle domande di ricerca a cui il presente lavoro proverà a rispondere anche alla luce degli effetti della caduta della domanda turistica come conseguenza della pandemia. Infatti, la fase attuale impone un ripensamento delle modalità del viaggiare e secondo valutazioni qualitative, legate inoltre a ragioni di sicurezza e affidabilità delle destinazioni, ad un accorciamento del raggio d’azione con una crescita delle vacanze di prossimità. I territori hanno attivato processi investendo sulla valorizzazione del passato, delle identità locali, sull’attenzione per l’ambiente e sul recupero del patrimonio culturale, materiale e immateriale, anche edilizio non più utilizzato, quale risorsa fondamentale per il rilancio di aree spesso marginali. Tutto ciò permette di creare reti di relazione che vanno oltre i luoghi, verso modelli turistici che hanno bisogno di lentezza e strategie operative diversificate. Dal punto di vista metodologico, dopo una disamina della letteratura esistente sul tema dei turismi emergenti per rispondere alla sfida della ripresa pandemica, il contributo presenterà i risultati dell’osservazione di alcuni casi di studio nell’area del Sud Italia, riguardanti la costruzione di itinerari inediti per un turismo sostenibile e lento che prevede il riutilizzo del patrimonio culturale, edilizio, storico e architettonico talvolta dismesso (fari, edifici costieri, dimore, ferrovie, case cantoniere e similari).

Published
2022

20. GASTRONOMIC AND FOOD TOURISM AS AN ECONOMIC LOCAL RESOURCE: CASE STUDIES FROM ROMANIA AND ITALY

Author

Privitera, D., Adrian Nedelcu, and Nicula, V.

Subjects
cultural heritage, food involvement, culinary events, Sicily, Sibiu, Sibiu, lcsh:G, lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, lcsh:G1-922, cultural heritage, food involvement, culinary events, Sicily, lcsh:Geography (General)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to contribute to the literature on food tourism by proposing the concept of place and events linked to food, and to analyze the opportunity of gastronomic tourism for local development around Romania (Sibiu Region) and Italy (Sicily Region). The materials were 336 interviews with tourists. Specially designed questionnaire allowed fast data collection. The questions were of qualitative and quantitative type, useful to encode the expressed opinions of the tourists. The results highlight the need for destination marketing organizations to pay more attention to the link between destination image and food events. It concludes that tourism practices enable the continuity of local foods, reinterpreted in the light of urban consumption. Further research is needed to explain why, despite recommend a food tourism policy integrating upon the preservation and the development of the cultural and ethnic identity, in order to attract tourists.

Published
2018

21. Acknowledgement to reviewers of social sciences in 2019

Author

Abbas, A., Abel, G., Abreu, A., Adam, A., Adamek, M., Adiletta, G., Adusei-asante, K.A., Romeo, M.D.M., Alderson, A., Alfaro, E., Aliverti, A., Almeida, Fernando, Álvarez-gonzález, L.I., Amelina, A., Anand, C., Anderson, G., Andreasson, J., Ang, I., Aragon, J., Arcidiacono, C., Arcuri, S., Assante, D., Atukeren, E., Avery, H., Ayeb-karlsson, S., Azadi, H., Bachman, R., Bader, M., Badulescu, A., Bahmanteymouri, E., Baines, S., Baker, T., Baker‐beall, C., Bañón, L., Bar‐am, N., Barbier‐greenland, K., Barnett, R., Barragán‐escandón, A., Barreto, A.M., Barrett, E., Bartkowski, J., Bartram, R., Bartzas, G., Bates, D., Baviera‐puig, A., Bayley, A., Beazley, H., Beer, C., Behr, H., Beier, G., Belford, N., Bencivenga, R., Benli, A.E., Benton‐short, L., Berei, J.M., Berbel‐pineda, E., Bernstein, Berntzen, E.R., Bertella, L., Birney, G., Bittle, M., Black, S., Rivero, L.B., Blattner, J.J., Blok, C., Blount, A., Boas, Y., Bockarie, I., Bockerman, A., Bodén, P., Bönisch‐brednich, L., Bontje, B., Bontje, M., Borsellino, V., Bostan, I., Bowl, M., Bowman, B., Bracci, E., Bracken, C.M., Bradley, H., Brereton, P., Brewer, J., Bridge, D., Brooks, S., Brown, Andrijana, Brzoska, M., Brzozowski, W., Buckley, G., Buente, W., Bullaro, G.R., Burke, M.D., Burlacu, S., Busu, M., Butler, S., Byrne, J., Cabral, L., Cai, Y., Cajias, M., Calin, A.C., Callegari, C., Camarero, M., Campbell-figuerola, H., Campbell, J.R., Cannito, M., Canonico, E., Canosa, A., Carabelli, G., Carlbom, A., Carlone, T., Caron, R., Carpenter, A., Caruso, G., Casais, B., Castro, M.P., Cava, M.-J., Čeněk, J., Cerchione, R., Certomà, C., Chan, E., Charles, D., Charlwood, A., Chatzifotiou, S., Chell, K., Chen, L., Chen, Q., Chen, W.-J., Ching, L., Christensen, J., Ciasullo, M.V., Cimermanová, I., Činčera, J., Cipollina, M., Clutterbuck, R., Cochrane, B., Collin, K., Conley, R., Connell, H., Connelly, J., Connelly, L., Connelly, R., Conti, D., Conversi, D., Conway, G., Cooper, S., Cope, M., Corsini, F., Cristian, P., Crohn, H.M., Croog, R.C., Salazar, T., Csiszár, C., D’auria, I., D’souza, A., D’souza, N., Dabija, D.-C., Dagg, J., Dalby, S., DaleDalsgård, B., Dʹamato, A.L., Daniel, D., Dant, L., Dantas, C., Darwin, H., Dashper, K., David, M.E., De Flippo, D., De, A., Edi, M., Velázquez, E.D.C., Velázquez, F., Del Vecchio, P., Delatolla, A., Delgado, P., Delgado‐romero, E., Delrosso, J., Desimone, J., Detlefsen, L., Devaney, C., Díaz, L.M., Didham, R., Diogo, E., Dirakis, A., Doberneck, D., Doidge, M.D., Molero, G., Dombrowski, P.J., Doñate, C., Đorđević, Martín, Reis, P.G.R., Doucek, P., Dundes, L., Dvouletý, O., Dybo, T., Eastman, J., Eckhardt, J., Economou, A., Edler, D., Edu, U., Ekblom, P.E., Khaled, D., Ellis, C., Elsabry, E., Erceg, A., Erokhin, V., Ertz, M., Everitt, J., Evers, A., Falcone, P.M.F., Cabana, P., Fawcett, B., Fearnley, B., Featherstone, M., Ferreira, M., Ferreira, P., Fetner, T., Fisher, J., Fisher, R., Fitzpatrick, T., Flanagan, C., Fogarty, E.A., Fonchingong, C.C., Fontana, M., Fook, J., Foreman, A.M., Foster‐mcgregor, N., Fox, S., Franco, J.A., Franklin, A.L., Friedrich, T., Fromm, I., Fu, N., Fucà, R., Fukuda, Y., Fusco, G., Gabriela, D., Galan, D., Gamo, A., Galiano, J., Garcia, A., García, M.E.A., García‐germán, S., García‐machado, J.J., García‐ruiz, C.R., Gavini, M., Gazzano, A., Gebhardt, M., Gerson, S., Gherghina, Ş.C., Gibbs, P., Gilhooly, D., Gill, F., Gill, N., Gil‐lopez, A.J., Ginès Fabrellas, A., Giuffrida, N., Giuliani, G., Goddard, J., Godderis, R., Goh, C.S., Gomes, O., Goncharuk, A.G., Canche, M.G., Pérez, I.G., Valero, G., González, R.C.L., Gonzalez‐benson, O., Gonzalez‐feliu, J., González‐lópez, M., Gozdziak, E., Granx, B., Gran, R., Gray, S.L., Grbes, A., Grondys, K., Grugan, S., Guenther, J., Guijarro, F., Gurko, T., Haas, L.L., Hagellx, A., Hagell, H., Hallgrímsdóttir, H., Hamada, T., Hanf, J., Hannouf, M., Hao, F., Harman, G., Harris, K.L., Harris, R., Harrison, N.H., Healy, G., Healy, K., Heikkilä, E., Hellmich, C., Henig, J., Henninger, C.E., Heo, W., Herman, C., Herrero‐diz, P., Heyman, J., Hibbert, N., Hillman, A.L., Hillman, B., Hine, B., Hino, K., Hinten, M., Hipp, L., Hoang, D., Holleran, D., Hollin, I., Holm, M., Holmes, C., Hook, G., Hoornweg, D., Hopper, L., Hossain, M., Hoxhaj, R., Hu, B., Huang, Y., Huarita, E., Hudec, O., Humbert, A.L., Hung, M.-C., Hunt, A., Husu, L., IanoleIbáñez‐gonzález, R., Ibáñez‐gonzález, M.J., Ide, T., Ijaz, Muhammad Fazal, Impicciatore, R., Ingwersen, M., Ioannides, D., Iseppi, L., Islam, M.M., Jaakkola, M., Jagger, S., Jagosh, J., Jenkin, G., Joelsson, T., Johansen, R.E.B., Johnsen, H.C., Garmann Jona, G., Jones, T., Judit, O., Kalalahti, M., Kang, M., Kantamaneni, K., Kaplan, L., Kapsalis, V., Karbowski, A., Katsoni, V., Kavish, D.R., Kawamura, H., Keilman, N.W., Kelly, J., Kenneth, H., Kepaptsoglou, K., Kevin, D., Kewley, S., Kim, J.-C., Kim, K.-Y., Kim, S., Kimengsi, J.N., Klein, J., Kleine, M., Klemes, J.I.R.I., Klepp, S., Klinkenberg, L.E.F., Knight, L., Knowles, J., Koerner, S., Konsolakis, K., Konstantinov, V., Kopkin, N.K., Kordova, S., Kosinski, E., Kostelka, F., Kot, S., Kotter, R., Kramers, A., Krienert, J.L., Kubon, M., Kuffer, M., Kungolos, A., Kuttner, P., Kużelewska, E., Ladd, A.E., Lammi, M., Landrum, J., Lange, B., Languilaire, T.D., Lantz, J.-C., Laudal, B., Laurentsyeva, T., Lavizzari, N., Lavoie, A., Feuvre, J.L., Leakey, N., Lee, R., Lee, A., Lee, E., Lee, J., Lentner, J.-H., Lenz‐taguchi, C., Leong, H., Levac, W.S., Lewin, L., Lewinson, E., Li, T., Li, F., Li, G., Li, M., Liczmańska‐kopcewicz, Y., Lillard, K., Linková, C., Links, M., Lipinski, P., Storto, J.L., Lochtman, C., Lockwood, K., Loh, A., Lomonaco‐benzing, V., Łopaciuk‐gonczaryk, R., López, B., lópez, D., Lorenzini, J., Löther, A., Loughnan, C., Love, T., Lucas, M.L., Ubago, J., Lukić, J., Lumley‐sapanski, A., Macedo, I., Macfarlane, S., Machimbarrena, J.M., Magda, R., Magrane, D., Maier, D., Majić, S., Majumdar, S., Makarovič, M., Malekigorji, M., Mallick, B., Malone, 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Rodríguez, C.F., Rodriguez‐modroño, P., Romero‐rodríguez, L.M., Rončáková, T., Roper, I., Rorie, M.R., Marzán, C.F., Rose, G., Rose, M., Rosen, R., Roth, R., Roubík, H., Roumpos, C., Rowbottom, D., Roy, J., Ruban, D., Rubira‐garcía, R., Ruiperez‐valiente, J.A., Ruiz, R., Ruiz‐real, J.L., Russell, B., Russo, K., Sabol, W., Safonte, F., Salin, M., Salom‐carrasco, J.S., Sánchez, L.D., Sanghera, Santos, B.S., Silva, D., Sanz, F., Sanz‐altamira, B., Sarapura, S., Sari, D., Satybaldieva, E., Saura, J.R., Sayed, N., Scandurra, C., Schartner, A., Schellekens, J., Schenk‐hoppé, K.R., Scherer, L., Schewe, J.A., Schewe, R., Schiller, N.G., Schmidt, E.-M., Schneickert, C., Schneider, J., Scott, H., Scott, P., Seibel, K., Seidler, R., Seifert, S.S., Puyuelo, M.S., Azevedo, P.S., Lopez, A.E.S., Raamkumar, A.S., Blundo, D., Severo, M., Shakya, K.M., Shapiro, A., Shaw, I.F., Shaw, T.V., Shea, B., Shearer, H., Sheldon, S., Shell‐duncan, B., Shepherd, S., Sheridan, L., Siemienska, R., Sillup, G.P., Simeon, J.C., Simonelli, A., Skilodimou, H.D., Škrinjarić, T., Slater, G., Smardon, R., Smith, J., Smoląg, K., Snauwaert, D.T., Soanes‐white, T., Sobocińska, M., Sohaib, O., Soldatić, K., Sorainen, G.T., Soldatos, A., Sørensen, N.N., Spanu, S., Stadlober, E., Stafford, F., Ștefănescu‐mihăilă, R.O., Stefanini, A., Štefko, R., Steglich, E., Steirer, G., Stephenson, M.O., Stoecker, R., Stoffelen, A., Strang, A., Suppa, D., Sutton, J., Svobodová, L., Swigon, M., Synnott, J., Sytsma, V., Tabe, T., Tajeddini, K., Tang, S., Taylor, B., Taylor, C., Teignier, M., Teixeira, C., Tempelaar, D., Ter Avest, K.H., Ter Horst, E., Testa, M.R., Thakur, N., Thiamwong, L., Thijsen, A., Thomas, B.A., Thompson, C., Thompson, D., Tisdall, K., Toft, Mancini, Torell, A., Toscano‐hernández, G., Tregua, A.E., Triandafyllidou, M., Tseloni, A., Seloni, A., Tsikouras, P., Tsogas, G., Twamley, K., Tyler, D.U., Haque, A., Underwood, M., Urbański, M., Uribe‐toril, J., Vaezipour, A., Van Hove, L.V., Huylenbroeck, G., Van Nuland, S., Vanner, C., Vázquez‐cano, E., Veen, E., Veintimilla, S.G.-A., Veković, M., Velija, P., Venco, E.M., Verticelli, A., Vicente, P.V., Estiarte, C., Višnjić, A., Visvizi, A., Vlasblom, J.D., Volsche, S.V., Fintel, D., Von Keyserlingk, L., Vranješević, J., Walter, K.V., Wandosell, G., Wang, Y., Wasileski, G., Wastl‐walter, D., Weaving, C., Weenik, D., Wehr, K., Wei, X., Wharton, A., White, G., Whitehouse, H., Whitley, C.T., Whitman, L., Wiersma‐mosley, J.D., Wilcke, H., Wilkes, R., Williams, L., Williamson, R.D., Wimalasena, L., Wiseman, A., Wołek, M., Wright, E.Q., Wroblewski, A., Wyile, A.S., Wynn, C., Xu, X., Xue, B., Yang, J., Yoe, T.M., Young, M., Younus, M., Yu, T.-F., Yuan, Q., Zadra, C., Zaharijević, A., Zajda, J., Zander, K., Zbuchea, A., Zelin, A., Zhang, C., Zippel, K., Zitricky, V., Živanović, P., Zou, L., Zufferey, C., Zuhdi, M., and Zumeta, W.M.

Published
2020

23. Cautious Entrepreneurship: Strategies and Business Orientation of Small-Scale Farmers in the Alternative Food Economy

Author

Vasile, AJ, Subic, J, Privitera, D, Matacena, R, Vasile, AJ, Subic, J, Privitera, D, and Matacena, R

Abstract

Employing qualitative empirical data collected in Italy and England for a doctoral research on small-scale primary food producers in the alternative food economy, this chapter provides an interpretation of the peculiar nature of the entrepreneurialism that characterizes those small-scale farmers who entrust their economic reproduction (at least partially) to short, direct supply chains and alternative food networks (AFNs). The chapter summarizes the strategies implemented by farmers to ‘go alternative' as well as the subsequent transformation of growing and business practices that such a process entails, for then comparing the researcher's empirical results with four studies on farmers' entrepreneurialism. Issues of care, trust, change-orientedness, risk-taking, lifestyle, and autonomy are discussed, and farmers' entrepreneurial spirit is found to be cautious, due to the interplay of a traditional farming business orientation, a more pronounced relational disposition, and the characteristics and requirements of the alternative economy in which farmers are embedded.

Published
2019

27. Dynamics of Ostreopsis cf. ovata in the Mediterranean Sea, relations with environmental factors and consequences on shallow rocky ecosystems

Author

Mangialajo, L., Asnaghi, V., Aurelie Blanfuné, Cattaneo-Vietti, R., Chiantore, M., Cohu, S., Privitera, D., Thierry THIBAUT, Lemee, R., Ecosystèmes Côtiers Marins et Réponses aux Stress (ECOMERS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; Dynamics of Ostreopsis cf. ovata in the Mediterranean Sea, relations with environmental factors and consequences on shallow rocky ecosystems.

Published
2009

30. Human L-ferritin deficiency is characterized by idiopathic generalized seizures and atypical restless leg syndrome

Author

Cozzi, A, Santambrogio, P, Privitera, D, Broccoli, V, Rotundo, L I, Garavaglia, B, Benz, R, Altamura, S, Goede, J S, Muckenthaler, M U, Levi, S, Cozzi, A, Santambrogio, P, Privitera, D, Broccoli, V, Rotundo, L I, Garavaglia, B, Benz, R, Altamura, S, Goede, J S, Muckenthaler, M U, and Levi, S

Abstract

The ubiquitously expressed iron storage protein ferritin plays a central role in maintaining cellular iron homeostasis. Cytosolic ferritins are composed of heavy (H) and light (L) subunits that co-assemble into a hollow spherical shell with an internal cavity where iron is stored. The ferroxidase activity of the ferritin H chain is critical to store iron in its Fe3+ oxidation state, while the L chain shows iron nucleation properties. We describe a unique case of a 23-yr-old female patient affected by a homozygous loss of function mutation in the L-ferritin gene, idiopathic generalized seizures, and atypical restless leg syndrome (RLS). We show that L chain ferritin is undetectable in primary fibroblasts from the patient, and thus ferritin consists only of H chains. Increased iron incorporation into the FtH homopolymer leads to reduced cellular iron availability, diminished levels of cytosolic catalase, SOD1 protein levels, enhanced ROS production and higher levels of oxidized proteins. Importantly, key phenotypic features observed in fibroblasts are also mirrored in reprogrammed neurons from the patient's fibroblasts. Our results demonstrate for the first time the pathophysiological consequences of L-ferritin deficiency in a human and help to define the concept for a new disease entity hallmarked by idiopathic generalized seizure and atypical RLS.

Published
2013

38. Habitat effects on the population structure of Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula.

Author

Chiantore, M., Vielmini, I., Privitera, D., Mangialajo, L., and Cattaneo-Vietti, R.

Subjects
HABITATS, POPULATION, SEA urchins, ECOLOGICAL disturbances, WILDERNESS areas, WORK sampling, GASTROINTESTINAL hormones, ALGAE, BIOMASS
Abstract

The goal of this study was to investigate habitat effects on the population structure and condition of the sea urchins Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula. Population structure (density, biomass, size frequency distribution) of both species has been investigated in two areas along the Ligurian coast, characterised by a different level of human disturbance, representing two alternative states of the infralittoral rocky bottom habitat, the photophilic algae assemblage and the barren ground. Samplings have been carried out in two sites within each area in two times, during Spring 2006. According to this experimental design, 10 individuals per species have been collected to evaluate trophic and reproductive conditions and analyse their gut contents, and, in order to relate feeding conditions to food availability, benthic assemblages have been characterised. P. lividus and A. lixula densities are different, as much as their diets change according to the benthic assemblage the urchins live in, but their trophic and reproductive conditions are not affected by food availability. Our results suggest that top-down processes rule the population structure while bottom-up ones cause changes in the diet, but do not alter the general conditions of the urchins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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39. Designing Electronic Products to Withstand the Distribution Environment

Author

Peache, R., Privitera, D., Gasper, J., and Heasty, D.

Abstract

During the past few years product mechanical shock fragility analysis has become an accepted part of the product design cycle at Wang Laboratories, Inc. This analysis is used to insure that the product has sufficient strength to work in the user environment without problem, and to survive the shipping environment from Wang to the customer without requiring excessively expensive shipping packaging. In some cases it is possible to make relatively inexpensive changes in the product which increase the mechanical shock resistance of that product. The cost of these changes is weighed against the cost of the amount of cushioning and related recurring costs needed in the shipping package to provide protection for the lower shock level the unmodified product is capable of withstanding. If the cost of product modification is lower than the cost of the increased package materials, freight and storage (increased cube), the modification is made to the product. A brief background of shock testing products is given, with particular attention to the use of ASTM D 3332. This process is presented as a specific case study on a recently developed CRT monitor.

Published
1989
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41. Helmet Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in the Emergency Department: A Practical Guide

Author

Daniele Privitera, Nicolò Capsoni, Andrea Bellone, Thomas Langer, Privitera, D, Capsoni, N, Bellone, A, and Langer, T

Subjects
Emergency department, Flow, Continuous positive airway pressure, Emergency Nursing, Noise, Respiratory insufficiency, Noninvasive ventilation
Abstract

Helmet continuous positive airway pressure is a simple, noninvasive respiratory support strategy to treat several forms of acute respiratory failure, such as cardiogenic pulmonary edema and pneumonia. Recently, it has been largely used worldwide during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the increased use of helmet continuous positive airway pressure in the emergency department, we aimed to provide an updated practical guide for nurses and clinicians based on the latest available evidence. We focus our attention on how to set the respiratory circuit. Moreover, we discuss the interactions between flow generators, filters, and positive end-expiratory pressure valves and the consequences regarding the delivered gas flow, fraction of inspired oxygen, positive end-expiratory pressure, and noise level.

Published
2023
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43. The Effect of Filters on CPAP Delivery by Helmet

Author

Daniele Privitera, Nicolò Capsoni, Francesco Zadek, Paolo Vailati, Chiara Airoldi, Mattia Cozzi, Federico Pierotti, Roberto Fumagalli, Andrea Bellone, Thomas Langer, Privitera, D, Capsoni, N, Zadek, F, Vailati, P, Airoldi, C, Cozzi, M, Pierotti, F, Fumagalli, R, Bellone, A, and Langer, T

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Hot Temperature, emergency department, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, CPAP, respiratory insufficiency, noninvasive ventilation, Humans, General Medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Noise
Abstract

BACKGROUND: When helmet CPAP is performed using a Venturi system, filters are frequently interposed in the respiratory circuit to reduce noise within the helmet. The effect of the interposition of these filters on delivered fresh gas flow and the resulting FIO2 is currently unknown. METHODS: In a bench study, 2 different Venturi systems (WhisperFlow and Harol) were used to generate 3 different gas flow/FIO2 combinations (80 L/min-FIO2 0.6, 100 L/min-FIO2 0.5, 120 L/min-FIO2 0.4). Different combinations of filters were applied at the flow generator input line and/or at the helmet inlet port. Two types of filters were used for this purpose: a heat and moisture exchanger filter and an electrostatic filter. The setup without filters was used as baseline. Gas flow and FIO2 were measured for each setup. RESULTS: Compared to baseline, the interposition of filters reduced the gas flow between 1–13% (P < .001). The application of a filter at the Venturi system or at the helmet generated a comparable flow reduction (-3 ± 2% vs-4 ± 2%, P = .12), whereas a greater flow reduction (-7 ± 4%) was observed when filters were applied at both sites (P < .001). An increase in FIO2 up to 5% was observed with filters applied. A strong inverse linear relationship (P < .001) was observed between the resulting gas flow and FIO2. CONCLUSIONS: The use of filters during helmet CPAP reduced the flow delivered to the helmet and, consequently, modified FIO2. If filters are applied, an adequate gas flow should be administered to guarantee a constant CPAP during the entire respiratory cycle and avoid rebreathing. Moreover, it might be important to measure the effective FIO2 delivered to the patient to guarantee a precise assessment of oxygenation.

Published
2022

44. Flow generators for helmet CPAP: Which to prefer? A bench study

Author

Daniele Privitera, Nicolò Capsoni, Francesco Zadek, Annamaria Mazzone, Andrea Bellone, Roberto Fumagalli, Thomas Langer, Privitera, D, Capsoni, N, Zadek, F, Mazzone, A, Bellone, A, Fumagalli, R, and Langer, T

Subjects
Helmet, Emergency department, Filter, Continuous positive airway pressure, Non-invasive ventilation, Noise, Respiratory insufficiency, Critical Care Nursing
Abstract

Objective: To assess the different effect of filters’ application during helmet-CPAP delivered with three different flow generators on the delivered fresh gas flow, FiO2, and the noise level inside and outside the helmet. Methods: In a bench study, three flow generators (air-oxygen blender, turbine ventilator and Venturi system) were used to generate two different gas flows (60 L/min and 80 L/min), with a fixed FiO2 at 0.6, to perform a helmet-CPAP on a manikin. Three different fixed PEEP valves (7.5, 10, and 12.5 cmH2O) were applied at the expiratory port. Gas flow, FiO2 and noise were recorded for each Flow-generator/Flow/PEEP combination, first without filter interposition and then after positioning a heat and moister exchanger filter (HMEF) at the helmet inlet port. Results: The application of the HMEF lead to a significant difference in the flow variation among the three flow generators (p < 0.001). Compared to baseline, the highest flow reduction was observed with the VENTURI (−13.4 ± 1.2 %, p < 0.001), a slight increase with the BLENDER (1.2 ± 0.5 %, p < 0.001), whereas no difference was recorded with the TURBINE (0.1 ± 0.6 %, p = 0.12). After HMEF was interposed, a significant FiO2 variation was observed only with VENTURI (11.3 ± 1.8 %, p < 0.001). As for the noise, the TURBINE was the least noisy system, both with and without the filter interposition. Conclusions: Flow generators used to deliver helmet-CPAP have different characteristics and responses to HMEF interposition. Users should be aware of the effects on FiO2 and flow of the different devices in order to make a precise setup of the circuit.

Published
2023
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45. Cautious Entrepreneurship

Author

Raffaele Matacena, Vasile, AJ, Subic, J, Privitera, D, and Matacena, R

Subjects
Entrepreneurship, alternative food networks (AFNs), SPS/09 - SOCIOLOGIA DEI PROCESSI ECONOMICI E DEL LAVORO, Scale (ratio), 05 social sciences, solidarity economy, 0507 social and economic geography, entrepreneurship, Orientation (graph theory), short food chain, 0502 economics and business, Economics, SPS/10 - SOCIOLOGIA DELL'AMBIENTE E DEL TERRITORIO, autonomy, 050703 geography, small-scale agriculture, 050203 business & management, Industrial organization
Abstract

Employing qualitative empirical data collected in Italy and England for a doctoral research on small-scale primary food producers in the alternative food economy, this chapter provides an interpretation of the peculiar nature of the entrepreneurialism that characterizes those small-scale farmers who entrust their economic reproduction (at least partially) to short, direct supply chains and alternative food networks (AFNs). The chapter summarizes the strategies implemented by farmers to ‘go alternative' as well as the subsequent transformation of growing and business practices that such a process entails, for then comparing the researcher's empirical results with four studies on farmers' entrepreneurialism. Issues of care, trust, change-orientedness, risk-taking, lifestyle, and autonomy are discussed, and farmers' entrepreneurial spirit is found to be cautious, due to the interplay of a traditional farming business orientation, a more pronounced relational disposition, and the characteristics and requirements of the alternative economy in which farmers are embedded.

Published
2020
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46. Una comunicación profética: la Carta de Jamaica

Author

Luisa A. Messina Fajardo, Ruggeri, A., Rondinelli, P., Privitera, D., Scalia, R., and Messina Fajardo, Luisa A.

Subjects
comunicación, carta, libertador, América, Jamaica, exilio
Abstract

En este artículo nos proponemos analizar un documento profético escri- to por Simón Bolívar: Carta de Jamaica (). Son dos los motivos que nos llevan a estudiar la Carta de Jamaica en esta ocasión. Primero porque la intención del volu- men que contiene este trabajo reúne el común propósito de analizar la evolución de la forma de comunicar; en el caso que presentamos se establece una comunicación bajo forma de epístola. Segundo, porque tras doscientos años, nuestra intención es también reflexionar acerca de las razones, desde el punto de vista social, político e ideológico, que llevaron a Simón Bolívar a escribir dicha carta. The aim of the present paper is to analyse a document entitled Carta de Jamaica (), written by Simón Bolívar and considered a predictive document. There are two reasons that explain why we want to focuse on the above mentioned document: the first one, because the topic of this volume is communication and what we will analyse is communication in the form of letter; the second one because we want to meditate on the social, political and ideological reasons that inspired Simón Bolívar to write this document

Published
2018

47. Tanti popoli, una lingua comune. Aspetti socio-linguistici della lingua franca del Mediterraneo

Author

Roberto Sottile, Francesco Scaglione, Vitti, A, Tamburri, A, Bombara, D, De Crescenzo, A, Gallo, C, Inglese, M, Marta, J, Trinis, A, Palumbo, D, Privitera, D, Scaglione, F, Sottile, R, Scalia, R, Vitti-Alexander, M, Younasse, T, Roberto Sottile, and Francesco Scaglione

Subjects
Settore L-FIL-LET/12 - Linguistica Italiana, Sabir, Lingua franca del Mediterraneo, Pidgin, Dictionnaire del la Langue Franque, Petit Mauresque, Mediterraneo plurilingue
Abstract

La dimensione linguistica rappresenta una delle fonti più autentiche attraverso cui “leggere” e “ricostruire” la storia (e le storie) di un popolo. Ciò è vero anche per le lingue del Mediterraneo che portano i “segni” di migrazioni, contatti, conflitti e scambi all’interno di un grande mare che è stato e continua a essere scenario, complesso e suggestivo, di un profondo sincretismo tra genti di diversa provenienza In questa sede intendiamo soffermarci sull’aspetto più strettamente linguistico della cultura mediterranea, concentrandoci sull’antica lingua franca, conosciuta e parlata lungo le coste nordafricane e nei porti del Mediterraneo da mercanti, schiavi, pirati e intellettuali tra il XVI e il XIX secolo. Una lingua for special purposes (un pidgin) legata principalmente alla sfera commerciale (ma anche alla comunicazione negli ambienti diplomatici), che raccoglie e fonde elementi dei diversi idiomi che si affacciano sul Mare Nostrum (portoghese, spagnolo, catalano, francese, provenzale, italiano e dialetti italo-romanzi, arabo, turco), in grado, quindi, di testimoniare e “raccontare” le vicende e i processi socio-culturali, oltre che linguistici, che hanno interessato la “civiltà mediterranea” nei secoli più recenti. Lo studio mira a tracciare un quadro sociolinguistico sulla genesi e l’evoluzione della lingua franca, fino ai mutamenti storico-sociali che, verso la fine dell’800, ne hanno determinato l’estinzione. Questi mutamenti sono in fondo gli stessi fattori extralinguistici alla luce dei quali è possibile leggere gli aspetti strutturali più problematici (e interessanti) di questo particolarissimo codice, tra cui la poca stabilità in termini diacronici della lingua lessificatrice  che, seppur costantemente di base romanza, non è mai la stessa nel corso dei secoli, tendendo a mutare in concomitanza con le diverse vicende storico-culturali che attraversano il Mediterraneo. Fornito il quadro sociolinguistico, ci si concentrerà sull’analisi del lessico e, in particolare, sulle influenze italoromanze provenienti dai dialetti (soprattutto da quelli meridionali e dal siciliano), tramite uno spoglio della fonte scritta più autorevole (sebbene assai complessa e problematica), ovvero il Dictionnaire de La Langue Franque ou Petit Mauresque (1830). Di autore anonimo, questo dizionario costituisce una sorta di vademecum linguistico, approntato per i soldati francesi alla conquista di Algeri (in quel tempo sotto il dominio ottomano), che testimonia lo stadio finale della lingua franca, la cui “continuazione” tardo ottocentesca andrà poi sotto il nome di sabir. Infine, ragionando sulle strutture desumibili dal Dictionnaire e da altri fonti scritte, verranno evidenziate alcune delle caratteristiche che accomunano la lingua franca ai pidgin e alcuni fenomeni che, invece, la rendono un vero e proprio unicum nella storia linguistica e culturale del Mediterraneo.

Published
2018

48. Gerarchie territoriali e commercio in Sicilia

Author

Cusimano G., Barilaro C., CANNIZZARO, SALVATORE, CIRELLI, CATERINA, Mercatanti L., PORTO, Carmelo Maria, PRIVITERA, DONATELLA, Sabato G, Viganoni L, and Cusimano G., Barilaro C., Cannizzaro S., Cirelli C., Mercatanti L., Porto CM, Privitera D, Sabato G

Subjects
Settore M-GGR/02 - Geografia Economico-Politica, Commercio, Sicilia, sviluppo, Settore M-GGR/01 - Geografia
Abstract

Il paper sintetizza le fasi della ricerca dell'Unità Locale siciliana nell'ambito del PRIN 2015 "Commercio, consumo e città. Pratiche, pianificazione e governance per l’inclusione, la resilienza e la sostenibilità urbane" coordinato da Lida Viganoni (UNiversità degli Studi di Napoli 'L'Orientale'".

Published
2017

49. Arabismi di ambito agricolo e alimentare in Sicilia e nel Mediterraneo

Author

Sottile, R., Vitti, C A, Tamburri, J A, Bombara, D, Bonavita, L, Inglese, L, Làudani, M, Marongiu, C, Fajardo Messina L, Fruehbeck Moreno, C, Parini, I, Prestopino, F, Privitera, D, Rodolico, M E, Ruggeri, A, Sottile, R, Spathis, G, Tmaburri J A, and Roberto Sottile

Subjects
dialectal lexicography, etimologia, dialettologia, Traditional food habit, etymology, lessico, geolinguistica, Geolinguistic, agricoltura tradizionale, lessicografia dialettale, Words of Arabic origin in Sicily, Settore L-FIL-LET/12 - Linguistica Italiana, alimentazione tradizionale, Arabismi siciliani, Mediterranean Sea, Mediterraneo, Traditonal Agricolture practices
Abstract

L’immagine del Mediterraneo come luogo di migrazioni, incontri e attraversamenti culturali pluridirezionali è nelle parole di Ferdinand Braudel quando lo definisce «non un mare, ma un susseguirsi di mari. Non una civiltà, ma una serie di civiltà accatastate le une sulle altre». Ma la complessità “disegnata” da Braudel si mostra ancora più intricata quando si guarda alla lingua con le sue forti dinamiche variabili. Come ha più volte osservato Giovanni Ruffino, per il linguista può essere utile adottare la formula «lingue circolari/lingue marginali» o, ancora meglio, la formula «correnti marginali e correnti circolari di lingua e cultura», per riferirsi a una molteplicità di condizioni linguistico-culturali che si sono manifestate nel bacino del Mediterraneo sin dall’antichità. Da un lato i rapporti tra latino, greco e dialetti berberi poi arabizzati; dall’altro i rapporti tra questi e l’italiano (con i suoi dialetti), lo spagnolo, il catalano, il francese, le lingue dell’area balcanica. Una molteplicità di attraversamenti pluridirezionali con diverse direttrici, diverse altezze cronologiche, diverse implicazioni areali: movimenti da nord a sud (come nel caso della conquista normanna); movimenti da sud verso nord e poi da nord verso sud (come nel caso dei percorsi dal latino all’afro-berbero e da questo al Mozarabico della Penisola iberica che diventa il filtro di numerosi approdi siciliani). Ma non mancano casi di movimenti linguistici pluridirezionali, con irradiazioni multiple e diffusioni e sedimentazioni circolari. Il Contributo presenta i percorsi geolinguistici di alcune parole dell’ambito agricolo e alimentare che, a partire dal mondo arabo, si sono diffuse, attraverso la Sicilia, nell’intero bacino del Mediterraneo e nell’Europa meridionale. In ciò mostrando come il Mediterraneo resti, anche retrospettivamente, un grande laboratorio di multiculturalità, uno straordinario crocevia di flussi culturali la cui straodinaria complessità è svelata anche da numerose “parole migranti” che abbracciano gli ambiti i più disparati: dall’alimentzione all’agricoltura e alle tecniche irrigue, dalla fitonimia alle culture arboree.

Published
2017

50. Skin fibroblasts from pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration patients show altered cellular oxidative status and have defective iron-handling properties

Author

Barbara Garavaglia, Michela Guaraldo, Alessandro Campanella, Elisabetta Rovelli, Sonia Levi, Anna Cozzi, Chiara Barzaghi, Daniela Privitera, Paolo Santambrogio, Campanella, A, Privitera, D, Guaraldo, M, Rovelli, E, Barzaghi, C, Garavaglia, B, Santambrogio, P, Cozzi, A, and Levi, SONIA MARIA ROSA

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation, Iron, Mutation, Missense, Transferrin receptor, Oxidative phosphorylation, Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration, Protein Carbonylation, Superoxide Dismutase-1, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Fibroblast, Molecular Biology, Cells, Cultured, Genetics (clinical), Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration, Skin, biology, Superoxide Dismutase, Neurodegeneration, Iron-Regulatory Proteins, General Medicine, Fibroblasts, Catalase, PANK2, medicine.disease, Ferritin, Oxidative Stress, Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor), medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Biochemistry, Case-Control Studies, Ferritins, biology.protein, Oxidation-Reduction, Protein Binding
Abstract

Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) is a neurodegenerative disease belonging to the group of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation disorders. It is characterized by progressive impairments in movement, speech and cognition. The disease is inherited in a recessive manner due to mutations in the Pantothenate Kinase-2 (PANK2) gene that encodes a mitochondrial protein involved in Coenzyme A synthesis. To investigate the link between a PANK2 gene defect and iron accumulation, we analyzed primary skin fibroblasts from three PKAN patients and three unaffected subjects. The oxidative status of the cells and their ability to respond to iron were analyzed in both basal and iron supplementation conditions. In basal conditions, PKAN fibroblasts show an increase in carbonylated proteins and altered expression of antioxidant enzymes with respect to the controls. After iron supplementation, the PKAN fibroblasts had a defective response to the additional iron. Under these conditions, ferritins were up-regulated and Transferrin Receptor 1 (TfR1) was down-regulated to a minor extent in patients compared with the controls. Analysis of iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) reveals that, with respect to the controls, PKAN fibroblasts have a reduced amount of membrane-associated mRNA-bound IRP1, which responds imperfectly to iron. This accounts for the defective expression of ferritin and TfR1 in patients cells. The inaccurate quantity of these proteins produced a higher bioactive labile iron pool and consequently increased iron-dependent reactive oxygen species formation. Our results suggest that Pank2 deficiency promotes an increased oxidative status that is further enhanced by the addition of iron, potentially causing damage in cells.

Published
2012
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