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Background There are various researches about the mode and influencing factors of the integrated elderly care and medical services in China in recent years, but researches about quality of integrated elderly care and medical services in nursing institutions are limited, especially in the comparison of quality of integrated elderly care and medical services in difference types of institutions. Objective To evaluate the quality of integrated elderly care and medical services between public and private nursing institutions. Methods A total of 1 106 older adults from 25 nursing institutions in Baotou, Xi'an, Yichang and Shaoxing were selected by stratified random sampling method from October 2020 to September 2021 to conduct questionnaire survey. The SERVQUAL model was used to construct the Evaluation Index System of Integrated Elderly Care and Medical Services Quality, involving 5 dimensions of reliability, timeliness, supportability, normativity and empathy and 15 secondary indexes, entropy weight method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method were used to calculate and compare the service quality scores of integrated elderly care and medical services between public and private nursing institutions. Results The comprehensive evaluation score of integrated elderly care and medical services quality was 41.66 and 38.82 in public and private nursing institutions, respectively, among which the scores of the 15 secondary indexes were all above 40.00 in public institutions, and the scores of 13 secondary indexes were below 40.00 in private institutions. Conclusion There is certain difference in the comprehensive evaluation results of satisfaction on the quality of integrated elderly care and medical services between public and private nursing institutions, among which the differences in the scores of normativity and empathy are higher, while the differences in the scores of reliability, timeliness and supportability are lower, providing a reference for identifying the problems in integrated elderly care and medical services and promoting its high-quality development in nursing institutions.

In the context of the connotative development of higher education, the match between what college graduates have learned and what they have used and its causes has aroused the attention of society. Human capital and family capital are two important research perspectives when analyzing what graduates learn and what they use. The study selects professional ability, general ability and allocation ability to measure graduates' human capital and analyzes their family capital from three levels: economic, cultural and social. The study verified that human capital plays a mediating role in the influence of family capital on graduates' learning-application matching. Among the factors of human capital, professional ability and allocation ability have a significant positive influence on graduates' learning-application matching while general ability has a negative influence on graduates' learning-application matching. Family economic capital and family cultural capital have a significant positive influence on graduates' learning-application matching. Based on the findings of the empirical study, we propose countermeasures for universities to improve and enhance graduates' learning-application matching.

Studies have identified two fundamentally different types of informal institutions: public and private informal institutions. Empirically, most studies have focused on public informal institutions such as social trust, since indexes measuring private informal institutions such as closed trust have been rare. This research introduces a new index of private informal institutions that captures whether private informal institutions hinder or enhance development by complementing, accommodating, competing, or substituting formal institutions. To this end, we introduce an empirical strategy to measure the four types of private informal institutions for more than 120 countries for the years 1990–2010 in a five-year interval. The extracted index reveals that advanced industrial democracies have complementing and accommodating private informal institutions, whereas post-communist and resource-rich countries have substituting private informal institutions, and countries with some experience of democratization and development display competing private informal institutions. The index also shows that private informal institutions can change rapidly, which can expedite and enhance institutional quality for some countries but deteriorate it for others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study inspects the impact of neoliberalism on the directions of higher education and on the changes ensued in higher education policies transforming from traditional education to education that services globalization and neoliberalism control over market's capabilities and requirements. Despite the increase in higher education institutions and the emergence of private colleges and their branches in different countries, there are several negative aspects in the approach of higher education. Among these effects are the vicissitudes in the structure of academic institutions and their traditional orientations changing universities and academic research for the sake of neoliberalism. This liberal trend directly affects the quality of education, in addition to the commodification of education through the proliferation of private higher education institutions. Lately, contributions of the private sector have increased in support of higher education and the pursuit of its privatization so as to provide a workforce that is professionally trained and capable of managing business, trade and market at the expense of the humanities, social sciences, arts and critical thinking. More importantly, it is evident that the quality of education and its educational outcomes have declined in terms of academic efficiency and scientific research attending to human and societal matters. This situation has created education that reduces creative space and realistic vision, and whose goal is centered on producing graduates who are scientifically or intellectually inefficient, incompetent, and detached from social concerns and democratic intellectual liberation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought massive online activities and increased cybersecurity incidents and cybercrime. As a result of this, the cyber reputation of organisations has also received increased scrutiny and global attention. Due to increased cybercrime, reputation displaying a more important role within risk management frameworks both within public and private institutions is vital. This study identifies key factors in determining reputational damage to public and private sector institutions through cyberattacks. Researchers conducted an extensive review of the literature, which addresses factors relating to risk management of reputation post-cyber breach. The study identified 42 potential factors, which were then classified using the STAR model. This model is an organisational design framework and was suitable due to its alignment with organisations. A qualitative study using semi-structured and structured questions was conducted with purposively selected cybersecurity experts in both public and private sector institutions. Data obtained from the expert forum were analysed using thematic analysis, which revealed that a commonly accepted definition for cyber reputation was lacking despite the growing use of the term "online reputation". In addition, the structured questions data were analysed using relative importance index rankings. The analysis results revealed significant factors in determining reputational damage due to cyberattacks, as well as highlighting reputation factor discrepancies between private and public institutions. Theoretically, this study contributes to the body of knowledge relating to cybersecurity of organisations. Practically, this research is expected to aid organisations to properly position themselves to meet cyber incidents and become more competitive in the post-COVID-19 era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Funding policies in higher education have undergone significant changes over the years in many countries, including in India. Higher education which used to be heavily subsidised by the state, is increasingly becoming dependent on cost recovery measures such as student fee and student loans, both of which have become very popular methods in India since the beginning of the 1990s. Though state subsidises higher education through general and specific subsidies, students incur huge expenditure on engineering education in India. How do the students finance their education? Using the data collected from about 7,000 students studying in 40 engineering institutions in four states in India, it is attempted in the present paper to briefly analyse the pattern of distribution of scholarships among students and, secondly to examine the determinants of student loans, and also the determinants of the amount of student loan one receives in engineering education in India with the help of logit and OLS equations. The robust estimates suggest that gender, household economic conditions (household income, father’s occupation) and costs of education exercise considerable influence on opting for and/or receiving student loans from banks, and social background, parental occupation and ownership of assets like house and land, are important factors in explaining the amount of loan received by students.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought massive online activities and increased cybersecurity incidents and cybercrime. As a result of this, the cyber reputation of organisations has also received increased scrutiny and global attention. Due to increased cybercrime, reputation displaying a more important role within risk management frameworks both within public and private institutions is vital. This study identifies key factors in determining reputational damage to public and private sector institutions through cyberattacks. Researchers conducted an extensive review of the literature, which addresses factors relating to risk management of reputation post-cyber breach. The study identified 42 potential factors, which were then classified using the STAR model. This model is an organisational design framework and was suitable due to its alignment with organisations. A qualitative study using semi-structured and structured questions was conducted with purposively selected cybersecurity experts in both public and private sector institutions. Data obtained from the expert forum were analysed using thematic analysis, which revealed that a commonly accepted definition for cyber reputation was lacking despite the growing use of the term “online reputation”. In addition, the structured questions data were analysed using relative importance index rankings. The analysis results revealed significant factors in determining reputational damage due to cyberattacks, as well as highlighting reputation factor discrepancies between private and public institutions. Theoretically, this study contributes to the body of knowledge relating to cybersecurity of organisations. Practically, this research is expected to aid organisations to properly position themselves to meet cyber incidents and become more competitive in the post-COVID-19 era.

In the business environment today job security is an important and primary requirement of the employees as the employees’ turnover rate is haphazardly increasing in different industrial sectors. This study determines the impact of leadership and organizational identification on the job security of teachers in the private institutions Punjab, Pakistan and the mediation of organizational identification is also tested. Data is analyzed by using Smart partial least squares structural equation modeling (Smart-PLS-SEM). Many teachers suffer from low job security that not only affect them internally but also affect their work performance. Therefore the main objective of our research is to determine the responsible factors which affect the job security of teachers working in the private educational institutions operationalized under BISE Punjab. In this paper, the parameters used for determining the job security of teachers are; Leadership, and organizational identification and mediating role of organizational identification between leadership and job security is also tested. During this study, 150 teachers from different private institutions operational in Punjab were asked to fill up the questionnaires containing a total of 32 items including different numbers of questions related to each determinant. The results showed that the determinants can explain the job security of the teachers up to a significant level. However, regression analysis and validity analysis proves that they are good predictors of job security of the employees (teachers). Beside these conclusions, this paper introduced other scientific queries and issues regarding the different types of relations or connections among the determinants and hence gives probable pathways to explain or interpret the relations.

INTRODUCTION: Emotional Intelligence refers to the ability to identify and manage one's own as well as the emotions of others. Emotional Intelligence is something present in all of us. Emotional Intelligence is important to handle all stress thrown at us, helps to become stronger and motivated, gives ability to get empathized and thus emotional intelligence helps us to regulate day to day activities. The main component of emotional intelligence is self-awareness, assertiveness, empathy, interpersonal relationship and stress tolerance. AIM: To assess emotional intelligence among adolescent girls studying in selected private institutions of block Pachhad, distt. Sirmour (H.P). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A Quantitative research approach and non- experimental cross-sectional research design was adopted among 157 adolescent girls selected through stratified disproportionate random sampling technique studying in selected private institutions of Block Pachhad, distt, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh. Data was collected using standardized questionnaires related to Emotional Intelligence. RESULTS: The study results revealed that majority 60.5% of the adolescent girls had medium level of emotional intelligence followed by 29.3% of them had high level of emotional intelligence and only 10.2% of them had low level of emotional intelligence respectively. There was significant association of emotional intelligence with religion of adolescent girls as p value <0.05level of significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An institutional perspective is employed to illuminate the complexity of frauds in various diverse economies, in order to enhance the efficacy of previous accounting concepts. In this study, the effects of the legal, regulatory and human framework of the strength of auditing and reporting standards, and the governance capital related to global sustainable competitiveness and economic growth, etc. are analysed by linear regression (OLS) methods. Moreover, the role of other indicators i.e. financial freedom, the extent of director liability and legal origin, are interrelated with the number of fraud cases. From the results, it appears that an increased level of governance capital, financial freedom from government pressure, strengthened transparency and more protected minority investors through liable directors might increase the number of reported fraud cases in the countries and years examined. The existence of legal origin also seemed to be an appropriate proxy for an improved understanding of fraud characteristics. This evidence suggests it is worth investigating in depth the nature of financial crimes across countries for a better understanding of this phenomenon. In this way, these findings might have sufficient potential in the case of adequate policy implications within a less litigious business environment to resolve the undesirable consequences of impending financial downturns, and to achieve sustainable competitiveness and economic development.

An institutional perspective is employed to illuminate the complexity of frauds in various diverse economies, in order to enhance the efficacy of previous accounting concepts. In this study, the effects of the legal, regulatory and human framework of the strength of auditing and reporting standards, and the governance capital related to global sustainable competitiveness and economic growth, etc. are analysed by linear regression (OLS) methods. Moreover, the role of other indicators i.e. financial freedom, the extent of director liability and legal origin, are interrelated with the number of fraud cases. From the results, it appears that an increased level of governance capital, financial freedom from government pressure, strengthened transparency and more protected minority investors through liable directors might increase the number of reported fraud cases in the countries and years examined. The existence of legal origin also seemed to be an appropriate proxy for an improved understanding of fraud characteristics. This evidence suggests it is worth investigating in depth the nature of financial crimes across countries for a better understanding of this phenomenon. In this way, these findings might have sufficient potential in the case of adequate policy implications within a less litigious business environment to resolve the undesirable consequences of impending financial downturns, and to achieve sustainable competitiveness and economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with glaucoma managed at private and government institutions in the Philippines between 2009 and 2014. Methods: A research team from two private and two government institutions in the Philippines reviewed the case records of 1246 patients seen who met the following criteria: intraocular pressure of >21 mmHg, optic nerve and nerve fiber layer abnormalities, and visual field defects. For bilateral cases, we selected the eye with worse glaucoma parameters. Results: There were 600 and 646 patients in the private and government groups (mean age at presentation, 60.51 and 55.88 years), respectively, with the majority being Filipino (91%). Patients with visual acuity (VA) of 20/20 to 20/40 were more frequently observed in private centers (58.7% vs. 41.3%), while a VA worse than counting fingers was more frequently observed in government centers (66.1% vs. 33.9%). Within-group analysis showed that primary angle-closure glaucoma was the most frequent glaucoma subtype in both private (27.3%) and government institutions (37.8%). In between-group analysis showed the following to be more common in private than government centers: primary open-angle glaucoma (61.3% vs. 38.7%), normal-tension glaucoma (63.9% vs. 36.1%), ocular hypertension (92.3% vs. 7.7%), and glaucoma suspects (80.4% vs. 19.6%) while government institutions registered a larger number of primary angle-closure glaucoma (59.8% vs. 40.2%) and secondary glaucoma (70.3% vs. 29.7%) cases. Medical treatment using a single drug and multiple drugs was employed for 245 (23%) and 825 (77%) patients, respectively. Within-group analysis showed that laser iridotomy and trabeculectomy were the most commonly performed laser and surgical procedures in both institution types. Conclusion: There is a contrasting profile of glaucoma between clinical institutions in the Philippines with openangle glaucoma being more predominant in private centers while closed-angle glaucoma and secondary glaucoma being more frequent in government centers. Our findings may provide important preliminary information that can aid future health studies or training programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study was to show the effect of organizational climate on employees' work passion through considering private institutions in Ethiopia. The study was quantitative in its approach and explanatory in its design. The study considered 120 respondents as sample of the study. The regression result has shown that 76.8% of variation in employee work passion is explained by the organizational climate factors considered for present study. The tests of the hypotheses have portrayed that the organizational climate dimensions considered for the present study have a significant effect on employees' work passion. Therefore, the study suggested to maintain proper work passion, organizations should consider organizational climate dimensions while designing HR policies as well as implementing the policies. The study calls for further longitudinal study on the effect of organizational climate on employees' work passion by considering more private and public organizations in the Ethiopia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the connotative development of higher education, the match between what college graduates have learned and what they have used and its causes has aroused the attention of society. Human capital and family capital are two important research perspectives when analyzing what graduates learn and what they use. The study selects professional ability, general ability and allocation ability to measure graduates' human capital and analyzes their family capital from three levels: economic, cultural and social. The study verified that human capital plays a mediating role in the influence of family capital on graduates' learning-application matching. Among the factors of human capital, professional ability and allocation ability have a significant positive influence on graduates' learning-application matching while general ability has a negative influence on graduates' learning-application matching. Family economic capital and family cultural capital have a significant positive influence on graduates' learning-application matching. Based on the findings of the empirical study, we propose countermeasures for universities to improve and enhance graduates' learning-application matching., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Poverty is a social problem of our time, which has institutional foundations for its existence. The paper objective is studying the process of poverty institutionalization in Russia and finding ways to overcome it as a socio-economic phenomenon. The paper proposes measures for creating and improving existing institutions for struggle against poverty in the regions of Russia. According to the authors, improved state, private and mixed institutions in aggregate can effectively prevent the institutionalization of poverty in their territories. According to the authors and at the more adequate normative regulation of public relations, Russia will be able to achieve a real reduction in poverty in all Russian regions in a few years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El siguiente artículo analiza las deficiencias del actual sistema de educación superior chileno y la crisis en la que se encuentra, señalando que el éxito de éste no puede medirse por los resultados económicos que puede generar, sino por la permanente labor interna de sus actores y su aporte a la sociedad. Primeramente, se analiza el sistema de licenciamiento de las instituciones privadas y los estándares de calidad poco exigentes que no han asegurado la excelencia y han permitido que algunas operen con evidentes fines de lucro. Posteriormente, se analiza el funcionamiento del sistema de financiamiento, sus paradojas y la falta de regulación. Finalmente, se plantean ineludibles cuestionamientos acerca de la libertad para elegir dónde estudiar, la generación de bienes valiosos para la sociedad y la suficiencia de los niveles de cobertura, calidad y equidad del modelo de educación superior. Con lo anterior, se concluye que el sistema presenta una cobertura creciente pero no muestra la problemática que surge en su interior, con altos niveles de deserción, duración excesiva de los estudios, falta de equidad en el acceso y la pérdida de credibilidad en la calidad institucional. Pero es imposible pensar que el mercado, por sí solo, sea el responsable de dar solución a las reflexiones planteadas sobre condición socioeconómica del estudiante, estandarización de los costos de la educación, movilidad de recursos en el sistema, costo de traslado del usuario y asimetría de la información al momento de tomar decisiones sobre educación superior.The following article analyzes the deficiencies of the current Chilean system of higher education and the crisis that it is, indicating that the success of this one can not measure up for the economic results that this one can generate, but by the permanent internal labor of his actors and his contribution to society. Firstly, it is analyzed the discharge of private institution along with the slightly demanding standards of quality of those have not assured the excellence and have allowed that someone operates with evident profit making. Subsequently, the financing system running, his paradoxes and the lack of regulation are analyzed. Finally, this raises unavoidable questions about the liberty of choosing where to study, the generation of valuable goods to society and the insufficiency of coverage levels, quality and equity of the higher education model. With the previous thing, it can conclude that the system shows an increasing coverage but does not show the situation that arises inside, with high levels of desertion, excessive duration of the studies, lack of equity in the access and the loss of credibility in the institutional quality. But it is impossible to think that the market by his own, is the responsible entity of give solution to the presented reflections about socioeconomic condition of the students, standardization of the costs of the education, of resources mobility in the system, cost of transfer of the user and asymmetry of the information at once to take decisions related with higher education.

Copyright of Sante Mentale au Quebec is the property of Revue Sante Mentale au Quebec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose – It is considered a mystery by many people that, despite charging significantly higher fees when compared to public institutions, research has shown an increase in the demand and enrolments at private higher education institutions. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the critical factors considered by students when deciding to make private higher education institutions their institution of choice. Design/methodology/approach – The study uses a case study approach and draws data from all the six private higher education institutions in Zimbabwe. Self-administered questionnaires were given to students representing at least 5 per cent of the student enrolment and representing all gender, study disciplines and levels of study from each university. Findings – Irrespective of gender, six main factors influencing student choice were identified to be, in order of priority: access and opportunity; promotional information and marketing; reference or influence by others; quality of teaching and learning; fees and cost structure, and finally academic reputation and recognition. Research limitations/implications – The research was focused on a case study of Zimbabwe. Practical implications – The study has implications on the way private higher education institutions market, manage and sustain the quality of educational provision. The study therefore provides private institutions with useful and practical insights on what students want in their institution of choice. This will assist these institutions in strategising in order to sustain or gain competitive advantage and to maximise on the increasing demand for private education. Implications to government and public institutions are also given. Social implications – The study recognises the critical role played by private universities in improving access and recommends African Governments who face financial and resource constraints to fund and expand public universities to encourage private higher education as a meaningful and viable way to improve access and provide higher education opportunities to potential students. Originality/value – The study contributes to the current dearth of literature on factors influencing student choice to study with private institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global agrifood governance faces enormous environmental and social challenges that demand the development of effective, just, and legitimate solutions. In this context, private governance institutions, in the form of private standards and certification schemes, have developed into a major institutional response in the pursuance of sustainable agrifood development. While International Relations and political theory have examined private governance institutions in agrifood from the perspective of democratic legitimacy and problem-solving effectiveness, surprisingly little attention has been paid on their relationship to questions of equity and justice, however. As a result we lack systematic understanding of the justice concerns raised by private governance; we cannot effectively address injustice in agrifood governance; and we lack guidance on principles that can attribute ethical responsibilities to private institutions. This paper makes an attempt to outline the basis for a normative framework on agrifood governance, in general, and private agrifood governance, more specifically by delineating: (a) the reasons why private governance institutions fall under the scope of justice; (b) the principles, subjects and dimensions of just private agrifood governance; and (c) institutional transformations to foster agrifood justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If the fruits of education have to reach the common man, then the education system must be adequately and properly administered. With around 15 Bills, including one that will allow foreign universities to operate in India and another that will curb the menace of fake degrees, are awaiting to be cleared in the parliament of India.*. Today, there is an ardent need to study the impact of Privatization on Education sector. We understand that we are living in a Global world which is supported by two strong pillars- Privatization and Liberalization; But the question is: Are we able to enhance the quality of both the product and the service of education? Are the changes in the policy of education really reaping and sowing quality education for growth and development. Though Globalization has become the thumb rule in every field of Human activity but nothing noteworthy can be witnessed in the field of Education in India. So far there has been no concrete exchange of Educational expertise, knowledge and transfer of educational techniques and skills in a large scale except for misappropriation and misuse of government funds, resources, books, uniforms, various educational schemes, land, infrastructures etc. in high proportion. Narayanan Ramaswamy, executive director (education practice) consulting firm KPMG, said that the number of Bills indicates the seriousness with which India is taking education."It's a good thing that education is getting its due. Some of the Bills are real game-changers for the education sector." he said. Today, nor the planning commission neither the education department or the Ministry of Human Resource and Development of India (MHRD) has taken any cognance or has provided any guidelines for the privatization of Education till date. Senior academician Ramesh Panse, who was part of the Prof Ram Joshi committee that had drafted the Maharashtra Pre- School Centres (Regulation of Admission) Act of 1996. "The pre-primary education needs to be regulated and controlled to some extent by the government to ensure that there are no arbitrary moves by the schools against students," he said. The present education system neither equips a child with the necessary knowledge and skills to face the world of work nor does it empower to deal with the challenges of a globalizing economy. UNESCO's Global Monitoring Report of 2002 has made detailed projections and concluded that India is unlikely to achieve UEE(Universal Elementary education) even by 2015!."Unaided schools are open to adopting neighborhoods schools on Public-Private-partnership (PPP) basis with the state to improve the quality of education in them. We can share our teachers' expertise and our teaching materials and other resources too," All Goa Unaided Schools' Association president Deepak Khaitan said. The problem that needs fixing is the pathetic quality of education in Government schools at the primary level. It is this issue that does not find serious mention in the RTE-Act-2010 which has now been even validated by the Supreme Court. The Government should have paid attention to ways that would enhance the quality of education in schools either run or funded by the Union or the State Governments. Globalization, Liberalization and privatization has actually spreading its roots in almost every sphere not only in India but worldwide; But its impact in India particularly in Education has posed greater challenges and threats before the educational planners while translocating the Indian economy from a centrally-planed model to a market oriented model. The Financial crunch in education and its privatization of education has only widen the scope for the private players and educational institutes to indulge in fraudulent activities. In the name of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), many corporators have shouldered this responsibility but from the point of business, while the Government in the name of liberalization, Globalization and Privatization have started off loading their own moral responsibility. This paper proposes to highlight the ongoing crisis and issues specially in regards privatization of education in India. * www.jagranjosh.com [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If French, German and Italian represent a basic subject of the curriculum in a large number of schools ever since the first half of the 18th century, the teaching of English will start only in the 19th century, only sporadically, in a few private schools - as an optional subject or with a private teacher, at home. The first certifications as to English language teaching are to be found in private education, starting with secondary school, where the study of English is optional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are almost 500 institutions of private higher education currently in operation in Malaysia, these include colleges, university colleges and universities. These institutions are helpful because they fill the gap caused by limited seating for potential students in government institutions of higher learning. A total sample of 373 students comprising students from secondary schools was used in this study. These students were in the British equivalent O and A levels of education. A questionnaire containing 46 statements was distributed randomly to the respondents during a motivation seminar at their respective schools. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS and AMOS software programme packages for Windows. Factor analysis was performed to extract and decide on the number of factors underlying the measured variables of interest. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was then used to examine the variables and the fitness of the proposed model. The results indicate a substantial positive effect of perception and promotion on the students' choice of private institutions for higher education. The results also reveal a significant positive effect of perception on influence and promotion on influence. Therefore, the findings of this study have a substantial effect on private institutions of higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Funds were made available to each of our institutions, Campbellsville University, Lindsey Wilson College, and St. Catherine College through the Association of Independent Kentucky Colleges and Universities for faculty training for the implementation of Senate Bill 1. By pooling the funds available to each of our institutions, we designed a Senate Bill 1 Symposium, an initial six-hour workshop to introduce Senate Bill 1, tailored to the needs of our institutions that provided rich resources and a quality experience. From the core of faculty trained at the initial workshop, each institution was able to build additional training for faculty and to begin the implementation of Senate Bill 1. Working together, we create a cross-fertilization of ideas and a set of contacts for resources that strengthen not only the quality of our professional development, but also present a model for collaboration that provides smaller programs the opportunity to implement quality training. Having the resources to design an initial quality professional development event to meet the specific needs of our faculty members set the stage for our faculty to benefit from subsequent training since our workshop was the first among the private institutions and one of the first in the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following article analyzes the deficiencies of the current Chilean system of higher education and the crisis that it is, indicating that the success of this one can not measure up for the economic results that this one can generate, but by the permanent internal labor of his actors and his contribution to society. Firstly, it is analyzed the discharge of private institution along with the slightly demanding standards of quality of those have not assured the excellence and have allowed that someone operates with evident profit making. Subsequently, the financing system running, his paradoxes and the lack of regulation are analyzed. Finally, this raises unavoidable questions about the liberty of choosing where to study, the generation of valuable goods to society and the insufficiency of coverage levels, quality and equity of the higher education model. With the previous thing, it can conclude that the system shows an increasing coverage but does not show the situation that arises inside, with high levels of desertion, excessive duration of the studies, lack of equity in the access and the loss of credibility in the institutional quality. But it is impossible to think that the market by his own, is the responsible entity of give solution to the presented reflections about socioeconomic condition of the students, standardization of the costs of the education, of resources mobility in the system, cost of transfer of the user and asymmetry of the information at once to take decisions related with higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our paper offers a first analysis on the evolution and behaviour of enrollment to the undergraduate degrees of PC and PCPA in Mexico during 1974-2004. We emphasized an increase in enrollment, more accentuated for pcpa, which is explained to a great extent by the expansion of private institutions, particularly in the last ten years. A decentralization process is also observed, increasing the participation in province, as well as a growing participation of women. Our analysis suggests the political context is relevant for the election of cp, whereas the relevance of the State is useful to explain the fluctuations in the enrolment pcpa. Finally, a substitution effect between cp and economy and ri is also observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Securing our networks is a huge task. To defend ourselves from cyber threats, private institutions, industry groups, and governments worldwide must make a strong commitment and cooperate at unprecedented levels [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Carl Zeiss, a famous German firm, was among the first companies to provide employee benefits. Its sole owner, a foundation known as the Carl-Zeiss-Stiftung, promised a century ago to fulfill almost revolutionary social-welfare obligations to company workers. Can this promise be explained within a model of rational behavior? Using game theory, the relationship between employer and employee can be reconstructed as a Prisoner's Dilemma, in which both sides are interested in future cooperation but have incentives to terminate the relationship opportunistically. One possible solution is the implementation of institutionalized self-commitments; that is, a pension fund and severance pay are 'hostages' that serve as incentives. Analysis indicates that the Carl-Zeiss--Stiftung can be seen as a historical example of a private-sector organization that committed itself to providing benefits to solve a basic cooperation problem. The foundation's statute provides incentives for the both employer and employees to establish a long-term employment relationship. In fact, this was exactly the intention of the founder, Ernst Abbe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]