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Background: Ever since the history of mankind, human infertility has been a source of personal misery and social stigma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tubal factors of infertility, especially the tubal patency by SSG and HSG and study the advantages of both.Methods: The present work was undertaken in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Radiodiagnosis of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi. 60 patients with primary or secondary infertility attending the OPD were selected over a period of 15 months (July 2008 to September 2009). Inclusion criteria: women of age 20-35 years with regular menstrual cycle whose male partners had no faults. Exclusion criteria: women with PID or other proven causes of infertility. All the patients were subjected to both SSG and HSG (interval period being 1 menstrual cycle) and the results compared in terms of tubal occlusion detection rate, detection of pelvic pathologies and complications of both the procedures.Results: Out of 60 cases, 70% (42) were of primary infertility and 30% (18) were of secondary infertility. History of reproductive tract infections was higher in secondary infertility group (44%). SSG appeared to be more sensitive in detection of tubal obstruction (35%) than HSG (30%), but the difference was statistically insignificant (p>0.05). HSG could locate the exact site of tubal obstruction which was not evident in SSG. SSG was more sensitive in detection of associated pelvic pathologies (p = 0.05) like ovarian cyst, endometriosis and fibroid uterus. However, HSG was better in diagnosis of genital tuberculosis. 20% of patients complained of pelvic pain, bleeding, infection or allergic reaction during or after HSG, while only 7% of patients reported the same with SSG. Thus, SSG was superior to HSG in this respect (p = 0.02).Conclusions: SSG, though not a substitute, can be used as an alternative to HSG for assessment of tubal factors of infertility.

Objectives:To compare the safety and efficacy of prostaglandin E2 gel with I.V. oxytocin for induction of labour. Methods: Over 200 pregnant women admitted for induction of labour were randomly allocated into two groups; Group A (100 women) who had pre induction cervical ripening with prostaglandin E2 gel; Group B(100 women) who received IV oxytocin without cervical ripening. Statistical analysis used: Student t test, Z test, correlation of coefficient. Results: The demographic characteristics of the women and indications of labor in both groups were comparable. The mean Bishop score at 12 hours in group A and group B were 9.33 ±1.63 and 5.76 ±3.07 respectively and were statistically significant (p Conclusion: Prostaglandin E2 gel when used intracervically is a safe and effective method for induction of labour.

A study has been made of the instability of an electrically conducting stratified viscoelastic Rivlin-Ericksen fluid/plasma arranged in a horizontal strata to include a variable horizontal magnetic field. Applying the linear stability theory and normal mode technique to a set of partial differential equations, the solutions of an eigen value problem have been obtained by assuming exponential vertical stratifications in density, neutral gas density, viscosity, viscoelasticity and magnetic field. Using these solutions, the dispersion relation so obtained has been analysed numerically. It has been found that viscosity, viscoelasticity, collisional frequency and magnetic field have stabilizing effects on the growth rates for unstable configuration under certain wave-number band.